and if we can't work as a team, team america, then i think that really harm ours entire republic and speaking as the dean of our delegation, ohio will lose a great deal b >> part of last night's tribute to outgoing speaker john boehner. see it online on c-span.org. the house is gaveling back in to begin work on a two-year budget and debt ceiling agreement agreed to by congressional leaders and the white house. they'll debate the rule first and votes later this afternoon. off the floor, republicans will be choosing the next speaker. that vote set for 1:30. live now to the house floor here on c-span. [captions copyright national cable satellite corp. 2015] [captioning performed by the national captioning institute, which is responsible for its caption content and accuracy. visit ncicap.org]

the speaker: the house will be in order. the prayer will be offered day by our guest chaplain, bishop royal, syrian church of the east, california. in the name of the father, the son and of the holy spirit, amen. father of mercy and god of every consolation, we come to you at this hour asking you to bless our civil servants as they labor for our country and its citizens. grant them your wisdom and enlighten them with your truth that they might serve the greater good of our country. strengthen them to be instruments of peace and

justice in our society today. may they bring about secretary silliation and hope in our communities and neighbors. and may they be exemplary citizens and servants to their constituents without distinction of race or creed. father, we ask you to bless our land which has been a beacon of hope and a refuge for the oppressed and the marginalized. grant freedom to the captive, relief to the suffering and help us all to construct a better and safer tomorrow for our future generations of americans. men. the speaker: the chair has examined the journal of the last day's proceedings and announces to the house his approval thereof. pursuant to clause 1 of rule 1 the journal stands approved. for what purpose does the gentlelady from indiana rise? mr. walorski: mr. speaker, pursuant to clause 1 of rule 1,

i demand a vote on agreeing to the speaker's approval of the journal. the speaker: those in favor say aye. those opposed, no. in the opinion of the chair, the ayes have it. the gentlelady from indiana. mrs. walorski: mr. speaker, i object to the vote on the grounds that a quorum is not present poird. the speaker pro tempore: pursuant to clause 8 of rule 20, further proceedings will be postponed. the pledge of allegiance will be led by the gentlelady from washington state, ms. delbene. ms. delbene: i pledge allegiance to the flag of the united states of america and to the republic for which it stands, one nation under god, indivisible, with liberty and justice for all. the speaker: without objection, the gentleman from california, ms. denham, is recognized for one minute. mr. denham: thank you, mr. speaker. it is my great honor today to introduce to the house our guest chaplain, bishop mar awa royel. currently presides over the

holy apollistic of the east diocese of california and serves as secretary of the holy area. he was cons -- consecrated as a bishop in 2008 and was the first bishop of the asyrian church of the east. he's also the president of the commission on interchurch relations and educational development. i've been honored to know bishop royel and work with him to help raise awareness of the plight of the syrians in the middle east who are facing unspeakable violence and persecution. many central valley residents have family members who are suffering under isil's campaign of terror. i'm thankful for bishop royel's efforts. he's a gifted speaker, esteem author and leader of california's large and faithful assyrian community. mr. speaker, i ask my colleagues to join me in welcoming him today. we thank him for offering this afternoon's opening prayer in

the united states house of representatives. thank you and i yield back. the speaker pro tempore: the gentleman from california yields back the balance of his time. the chair will entertain up to 15 further requests for one-minute speeches on each side of the aisle. for what purpose does the gentlewoman from indiana seek recognition? mrs. walorski: mr. speaker, i ask unanimous consent to address the house for one minute and to revise and extend my remarks. the speaker pro tempore: without objection, the gentlewoman from indiana is recognized for one minute. mrs. walorski: i rise today to recognize south la porte county cooperative director paula nichols for her didcation to providing services to nearly 1,500 students of varying disabilities. it employs 97 teachers and 50 paraprofessionals to ensure that students receive high-quality instruction and positive learning experiences. currently the demand for quality teachers, especially in special ed, is increasing far greater than communities can produce. my thanks to paula's dedication. this co-op provides students with services that empowers students to become active members of society based on their individual strengths and

abilities. last year i visited the south la porte county special education could he operative and saw the great work of this -- cooperative and saw the great work of this program. i want to thank them to create an environment that celebrates d embraces individuality and accommodates diverse learning needs. join me in thanking paula nichols for their work in la porte county. i yield back the balance of my time. the speaker pro tempore: the gentlewoman yields back the balance of her time. for what purpose does the gentleman from rhode island seek recognition? mr. cicilline: to address the house for one minute and to revise and extend my remarks. the speaker pro tempore: without objection, the gentleman is recognized for one minute. mr. cicilline: this month is a month to examine the work that must be done to ensure that every american can live free from the fear of domestic violence and we must consider the destructive role that guns can and do play in indenses of domestic violence. from 2001 until 2012, 6,410

women were killed by a gun wielded by an intimate partner. that number is nearly 1,100 more than the total number of american soldiers who were killed in iraq and afghanistan over the same time period. but despite this fact, many domestic abusers can still legally purchase a gun. there is no federal prohibition to prevent the sale of a gun to someone convicted of a domestic partner crime or someone considered of misdemeanor stalking offenseses. i'm proud to be an original co-sponsor of stalking victims act which lois capps has introduce to close these loopholes immediately. let's get to work to end this epidemic and protect the lives of women across our country during domestic violence awareness month. i yield back the balance of my time. the speaker pro tempore: the gentleman from rhode island yields back the balance of his time. for what purpose does the gentleman from illinois seek recognition? >> mr. speaker, i ask unanimous consent to address the house for one minute and to revise and extend my remarks. the speaker pro tempore: without objection, the gentleman from illinois is recognized for one minute. mr. dold: i rise today because

75 years ago this week the nazis were sweeping through europe with frightening ease. this was the backdrop on the early morning of october 28, 1940, when the axis forces requested a meeting with the greek prime minister. the axis agenda for the meeting was a short one. they came with only one simple demand -- greece must unconditionally surrender and allow the axis forces unfettered use of strategic military sites or the greek people would face war. the axis forces clearly underestimated the resolve of the greeks. the prime minister shocked the axis powers by giving his now-famous one-word answer -- ohi. while others in europe were choosing to stay out of the conflict in hopes they would be spared, the greeks willingly inserted themselves into the fray, costing hundreds of thousands of greek lives but saving millions by continually stifling the axis forces.

greek forces fought heroically but greece paid a terrible price as well. losing practically answer tire generation of men and women. as we remember ohi day and the bravery of the greek people, let us also remember the millions of greeks that perished so that hitler might be stopped. i yield back. the speaker pro tempore: the gentleman from illinois' time has expired. for what purpose does the gentleman from texas seek recognition? mr. veasey: mr. speaker, i ask unanimous consent to address the house for one minute. the speaker pro tempore: without objection, the gentleman from texas is recognized for one minute. mr. veasey: mr. speaker, i rise today to commend the trinity river mission for their dedicated efforts to ensure all children can achieve academic success. i recently visited trinity river vision and was so moved and impressed by what i saw and learned that today the trinity river mission is a volunteer-based community learning center servicing the educational needs of children, youth and families in west dallas. the organization provides a safe environment, nutritional meals and an after-school

program to support youth grade k-12 at absolutely no cost to their families. what i saw that day was hundreds of kids working with delores green and rosey ciscisnarrows to work with these -- scisneros to work with these kids. mr. speaker, i yield back the balance of my time. the speaker pro tempore: the gentleman from texas yields back the balance of his time. for what purpose does the gentleman from texas seek recognition? mr. olson: i ask unanimous consent to address the house for one minute and to revise and extend my remarks. the speaker pro tempore: without objection, the gentleman from texas is recognized for one minute. mr. speaker, october is breast cancer awareness month. i'd like to share the story of breast cancer survivor i met last week at home. her name is bree sandelin.

she's married to steven. they have two sons, beck and elliott. elliott is a master lego engineer. july 25, 2012, bree was diagnosed with stage 3 triple negative breast cancer. after major surgery and chemotherapy, bree was cancer-free by february 13, 2013. a proud texas agee, bree has embraced life after her cancer. e climbed mount kilimanjaro, 19,341 feet above sea level. on this past sunday, she ran marine corps marathon with a time of five hours, 39 minutes and 10 seconds. we can beat breast cancer.

just ask bree sandelin. i yield back. the speaker pro tempore: the gentleman from texas yields back the balance of his time. for what purpose does the gentleman from illinois seek recognition? >> mr. speaker, i ask unanimous consent to address the house for one minute. the speaker pro tempore: without objection, the gentleman from illinois is recognized for one minute. >> thank you, mr. speaker. as lgbt history month draws to close, i rise to recognize chick activist henry gerber. mr. quigley: he founded the center for human rights, the first chartered gay rights organization in the united states. his home in chicago's north side, my district, served as society's headquarters and from there he published the first known gay intrapeer in the u.s. unfortunately his activism carried risk. last than a year after he founded the society, police raided his home, arrested him and confiscated his possessions. he was put on trial three times. although rewas never convicted of a crime, he lost his life savings, his reputation and his

job. thankfully our country has come a long way in the fight for equality. we can all learn from henry's struggle for human rights and the face of overwhelming -- in the face of overwhelming adversity. thank you and i yield back. the speaker pro tempore: the gentleman from illinois yields back the balance of his time. for what purpose does the gentleman from alabama seek recognition justice? -- recognition? >> mr. speaker, i ask unanimous consent to address the house for one minute. the speaker pro tempore: without objection, the gentleman is recognized for one minute. >> i rise today to remember the life of timothy ready, a resident of baldwin county, alabama. he graduated from the united states military academy at west point in 1976 and was in active duty military for 23 years, including the combat tour with the 82nd airborne division in grenada. mr. byrne: he began a 15-year career teaching math and coaching soccer and swim team at federal high school in my district. he was known for pushing his students to the next level and making them better people. i can personally attest to colonel ready's teaching ability because my children

were his students and they consider him one of their all-time favorite teachers and he was tough. on behalf of alabama's first congressional district, i want to share our deepest condolences with colonel ready's loved ones. he was a great american and an extraordinary educate overplet he made a positive impact in the lives of so many and his legacy will live on in his students, his family and his friends. and i yield back. the speaker pro tempore: the gentleman from alabama yields back the balance of his time. for what purpose does the gentlewoman from washington seek recognition? ms. delbene: i ask unanimous consent to address the house for one minute. the speaker pro tempore: without objection, the gentlewoman from washington is recognized for one minute. ms. delbene: thank you, mr. speaker. i rise today to celebrate farm-to-school month. having healthy foods in our schools is crucial. we know that when students are provided with wholesome foods they're more likely to pay attention in class and to learn. in addition, by introducing kids to a variety of fruits and vegetables at a young age, we can teach them how to eat healthy over the long term. we're fortunate in my district to have farmers who grow some

of the best food in the world. if our children know where their food comes from, they're also more likely to be passionate and connected to their food choices. across our region, hundreds of different fruits and vegetables are grown. these crops provide fresh, quality foods to our schools. why by berries from another state when we can purchase it from our local farmers? i strongly support the efforts of our local farm-to-school movement and recognize those working to increase access to nutritious foods in schools. thank you and i yield back the remainder of my time. the speaker pro tempore: the entlewoman from washington the speaker pro tempore: the gentlewoman from washington yields back. without objection the gentleman from kansas is recognized. >> the month of october is breast cancer awareness month. i rise to call attention to this disease and recognize the many men and women in america fighting it. . yoder: it's diagnosed that

over 40,000 women and men will sadly lose their battle with breast cancer. every day, brilliant researchers in our country are looking for a cure. we must honor that commitment with full funding of the national institutes of health to make sure we meet our commitment to them. that's why i sported the 21st century cures bill which passed the house earlier this year. that's also why i'm renew my call to double n.i.h. funding over the coming decade to recruit, retain, and invest in the people and research that will grow our economy. it's time for the moon shot, as our vice president called it, it's time for this congress to make curing cancer its signature priority. the speaker pro tempore: the quelt yields back. for what purpose does the gentleman seek recognition? without objection, the gentleman from florida is recognized for one minute.

>> mr. speaker, i what do the mayors of cities like houston, texas, tallahassee, florida, and portland, maine, have in common? mr. deutch: they support closing loopholes in our background check laws, loopholes that allow convicted felons and those with mental illness buy weapons. that's one of the find frgs the recent issue of "what work," a survey of mayors across the country. 90% of mayors want stronger background checks. 86% say they want the gun show loophole closed. 78% want those subject to restraining orders barred from ever buying guns. it's no surprise why. america's mayors witness up close the gun violence that plague ours country every day. they know the victims of the homicides, the suicides, the accidental shootings, and the domestic gun violence that leave families forever shattered. they know how hollow the gun

lobby sounds when they say there's nothing we can do to prevent more tragedies. and they know it's within the power of this congress to fix what doesn't work and save lives that need not be lost. i yield back. the speaker pro tempore: the gentleman's time has expired. for what purpose does the gentlewoman from california seek recognition? without objection, the gentlewoman from california is recognized. >> accrue puncture is one of the oldest medical treatments in the world. ms. chu: act pew puncture has grown in recent years. about four in 10 adults use alternative injuries. i will never forget hearing the testimony of a woman who had severe back pain but did not want invasive surgery as suggested by her doctor and possible addiction to morphine. instead she sought apew you think -- accrue puncture and it

works for her. or some medical issues, accrue puncture can -- accupuncture and co-provide needed relief. 'm introducing a bill, the acupuncture for heroes seniors act will expand this opportunity to these populations because they deserve all the tools at their disposal to live long and healthy lives. the speaker pro tempore: for what purpose does the gentleman from north carolina seek recognition? without objection, the gentleman from north carolina is recognized for one minute. >> thank you, mr. speaker. this country is blessed with incredibly talented and god-fearing families and individuals. e great example is danny carnfwee who was named the swisher sweets sun belt expo

soviet farmer of the year he began farming 25 acres after graduating high school and during the past 45 years has rown his farm to more than 150 acres. mr. rouzer: he grows tobacco, cotton and other crops. he also raises hogs. families like his prove agriculture is in the best hands and why america continues to produce the best and safest food supply in the world. danny's commitment to our community and state sun paralleled. i know his family and many friends are proud of him. in fact, we are all proud of him. mr. speaker, i yield back my time. the speaker pro tempore: the gentleman yields back. for what purpose does the gentlewoman from california seek recognition? without objection, the gentlewoman from california is recognized for one minute. ms. hahn: mr. speaker, the

poster beside me depicts a moment in pope francis' parade through d.c. when a little girl snuck through the barrier and was lifted into the pope's arms on live tv. that little girl is a constituent of mine. sophie cruz, a 5-year-old from the city of southgate. she's one of five million children who are american citizens but whose undocumented parents face deportation. she gave the pope a t-shirt with the message in spanish that read , pope, rescue dapa so the legalization can be your blessing. deferred action for parental accountability, or dapa, is a program that would stop the deportation of parents of american children. so far dapa faces strong opposition. is this really what we want? to separate families? to leave american children in the united states without their parents? i could not be more proud to have sophie as my constituent. last night, my office honored her with a con glegsal

certificate at a ceremony at the southgate city hall. i wish i could have been there last night but i want sophie to know i support her and i will be fighting for dapa for her and the five million children just like her across this great country. mr. speaker, i yield back. the speaker pro tempore: the gentlewoman from california yields back the balance of her time. for what purpose does the gentlewoman from new hampshire eek recognition? without objection, the gentlewoman is recognized for ne minute. ms. cutter: thank you, mr. speaker. -- ms. kuster: thank you, mr. speaker. i rise today to adress a drug problem. the rate of drug related

fatalities in 2015 is expected to increase. i continue to see the impacts of this terrible epidemic as i meet with affected communities and stake holders across my district. from educators to police officers to advocates and health providers, it is only when we stand united and coordinate our efforts that we will be able to halt the destruction that this dangerous substance is causing all across our communities. that is why i ask my colleagues on both sides of the aisle to join me in -- and my fellow representative from new hampshire in our bipartisan task force to combat the heroin epidemic. this task force will focus on finding sloughs to the growing epidemic. we believe we must do everything possible to spread awareness, increase educational efforts and hear from affected families and individuals. mr. speaker, i ask my colleagues to join us to end this epidemic in our community. i yield back.

the speaker pro tempore: for what purpose does the gentlewoman from maine seek recognition? without objection the gentlewoman from maine is recognized for one minute. ms. pingree: october is national farm to school month. i want to talk about the gains our schools have -- our farms have made in connecting with local schools. the farm to school movement has inspired 40,000 schools to spend more of their food dollars locally, to create healthier food options and to teach children about growing and preparing local foods. this has brought many benefits like new markets for agriculture producers, better nutrition for students and less food being thrown away in the trash. i'm proud that schools in my state of maine have helped lead the way. like others they encounter many challenges in replacing highly processed food with many ingredients. the farm to school grants have

eased the transition by making needed changes in procurement and training. as we celebrate farm to school effort this is month, and look toward child nutrition re-authorization, i encourage my colleagues to support increased funding for this program so more communities can reap the benefits. i yield back the balance of my time. the speaker pro tempore: the gentlewoman yields back. for what purpose does the gentleman from new mexico seek -- seek recognition? without objection the gentleman from new mexico is recognized or one minute. mr. lujan: i rise today to pay pelkye to air force major served in operation freedom in afghanistan, working as the deputy manpower chief of the deputy train, advice and assist

command. we take this moment to recognize her sacrifice. the ultimate sacrifice as a member of our armed services. we thank her for her contributions in the classroom. major palkey was a beloved humanities teacher at the rio high school. she left a lasting impact on those fortunate to have her as a teacher. her enduring spirit will live on through the students she inspired. as we mourn the passing of phyllis palkey and celebrate her life, my thoughts and prayers are with her husband, two sons her family, and the rio rancho community at this sad time. the speaker pro tempore: for what purpose does the gentlewoman from north carolina seek recognition? without objection the gentlewoman from north carolina s recognized for one minute.

mrs. adams: october is domestic violence awareness month. one in three women have experienced domestic violence. in north carolina alone, 108 people died because of nestic violence in 2013. earlier today, ron kimball, deputy city manager of charlotte who resides in my district, spoke at the new members meeting about the severity of domestic violence. mr. kimball and his wife jan lost their daughter, jamie, an only child, to domestic violence in 2012. jamie a 31-year-old graduate of the university of north carolina and rising star at the coca-cola consolidated worked up the courage to lee her boyfriend who was controlling and emotionally abusive. just three months later, after leaving him he took her life and then took his own in a hurd-suicide. while jamie can no longer share her story, her parents, mr. and mrs. kimball, wanted me to share it with you today. to shed light on the tragedy that often emerges from domestic violence. i'm a proud co-sponsor of the teach safe relationships act because i believe including safe

relationships behavior curriculum in sex education will help combat domestic violence. this domestic violence awareness month, i urge this congress to pass the teach safe relationships act and support other critical domestic violence legislation. mr. speaker, i yield back. the speaker pro tempore: the gentlewoman yields back the balance of her time. for what purpose does the gentlewoman from florida seek recognition? without objection, the squom from florida is recognized for ne minute. >> thank you, mr. speaker. today i rise to recognize october as breast cancer awareness month and all the men and women working to raise awareness in north florida. ms. graham: about one in eight u.s. women will be diagnosed with invasive breast cancer over the course of her lifetime. approximately 43,000 will be diagnosed in florida this year alone. but in north florida, we're fighting back.

local charities, media outlets, survivors and strong women currently fighting the disease are standing up to be heard and reminding everyone to think pink. each year, we make greater strides against breast cancer. together, we're going to beat it and save lives. thank you, mr. speaker. i yield back the balance of my time. the speaker pro tempore: the gentlewoman from florida yields back the balance of her time. for what purpose does the gentleman from florida seek recognition? without objection the gentleman from california is recognized for one minute. >> thank you, mr. speaker. last evening i voted against re-authorizing the export-import bank a federal entity that financially backs purchases of american goods and services by providing taxpayer backed loans and loan guarantees to foreign companies and governments. mr. lamalfa: while it can help american industry break into foreign markets, too often it backs companies that directly

compete with american companies putting american companies at a disadvantage. for instance, airlines that are -- foreign airlines that are backed take business from our airlines. furthermore, ex-im supports -- supporters used a discharge petition to bring the bill to the floor a parliamentary tactic which limits the use of amendments and creates an end run around the normal committee process that should apply to every measure considered by congress. the american public shoulders the risk of this loan and deserve an honest debate on the floor on the best way to move forward on our exports abroad. i yield back. the speaker pro tempore: for what purpose does the gentleman from virginia seek recognition? . mr. connolly: i ask unanimous consent to address the house for one minute and to revise and extend. the speaker pro tempore: without objection, the gentleman is recognized for one

minute. mr. connolly: the budget agreement restores critical funding to our nation's defense and domestic priorities in a balanced fashion. sparing us from the mindless meat ax cuts of sequestration. under previous republican budget proposals, spending on domestic programs would have fallen to its lowest level in 50 years. it's the threat of uncertainty of those indiscriminant cuts that's held back our economy. it also -- this agreement pulls us back on the brink of defaulting on our credit. i'm astonished some of my colleagues continue to advocate such a catastrophe. it would send a shock wave to the global economy. we avert this. mr. speaker, today's agreement, not perfect, represents that principle of the art of agreement. hopefully many will embrace that spirit moving forward in this congress so once again we

can start delivering for the american people. i yield back. the speaker pro tempore: the gentleman from virginia yields back the balance of his time. for what purpose does the gentleman from oklahoma seek recognition? mr. cole: mr. speaker, by the direction of the committee on rules, i call up house resolution 495 and ask for its immediate consideration. the speaker pro tempore: the clerk will report the resolution. the clerk: house calendar number 70, house resolution 495. resolved, that upon adoption of this resolution it shall be in order to take from the speaker's table the bill h.r. 1314, to amend the internal revenue code of 1986 to provide for a right to an administrative appeal relating to adverse determinations of tax-exempt status of certain organizations, with the senate amendment thereto, and to consider in the house, without intervention of any point of order, a motion offered by the majority leader or his designee that the house concur in the senate amendment with the amendment printed in part a of the report of the committee on rules accompanying this resolution modified by the

amendment printed in part b of that report. the senate amendment and the motion shall be considered as read. the motion shall he debatable for one hour equally divided and controlled by the majority leader and the minority leader or their respective designees. the previous question shall be considered as ordered on the motion to its adoption without intervening motion or demand for division of the question. the speaker pro tempore: the gentleman from oklahoma is recognized for one hour. mr. cole: mr. speaker, for the purpose of debate only, i yield the customary 30 minutes to my good friend, the gentlelady from new york, ms. slaughter, pending which i yield myself such time as i may consume. the speaker pro tempore: without objection, the gentleman from oklahoma is recognized. mr. cole: during consideration of this resolution, all time yielded is for the purpose of debate only. mr. speaker, i ask unanimous consent that all members may have five legislative days to revise and extend their remarks . the speaker pro tempore: without objection. mr. cole: mr. speaker, yesterday, the rules committee met and reported a rule for

consideration of h.r. 1314, the bipartisan budget agreement of 2015. the rule makes in order a motion offered by the majority leader that the house concur in the senate amendment to h.r. 1314 with an amendment consisting of the text of the bipartisan budget agreement of 2015. the rule provides for one hour of debate equally divided and controlled by the majority leader and the minority leader. mr. speaker, i want to start with a phrase i often share with my fellow members. in an negotiation, you're always going to get less than you want and always give up more than you'd like. i think that's a fitting description of the bill we're presented with today. in an era of divided government, that's the reality we find ourselves in. at the beginning of the negotiation, the president demanded a clean debt ceiling increase with no changes and no conditions. in addition, he wanted more spending and higher taxes. given that, i think the deal

that we have before us is a testament to our leadership's ability to negotiate. as i said yesterday, mr. speaker, nobody's going to be popping champagne corks at either end of pennsylvania avenue over this bill. it is what most things are in divided government, in a system of checks and balances and in an era of polarized ideas, it's a deal that avoids default, prevents a government shutdown and adequately funds our military. moreover, it reforms and funds the social security disability insurance fund, saving it from bankruptcy and prevents a crippling increase in the premiums paid by many people who receive medicare part b. there are any number of provisions that members on both sides can point to as reasons to oppose this legislation. i myself would have negotiated a different deal. but in determining one's support for this legislation, i encourage members to look at what the alternative would be,

and that is this -- the first default on our nation's debt in the history of this country. significant cuts to our military at a time when our -- we need our military the most. an almost 50% increase in medicare premiums for many of our seniors. that's the reality of what happens in if we do nothing. -- happens if we do nothing. mr. speaker, i'm encouraged by a number of provisions in this legislation. first, just like the bipartisan budget act of 2013, this legislation sets forth two years of budget certainty for the appropriations committee. that certainty puts us on a path to ensure consideration of full year spending bills for the next two years, just as we were able to accomplish this past fiscal year. in addition, this budget certainty provides the needed investment for our military. with the ongoing conflicts across the middle east, russian activity in eastern europe and

chinese claims in the south china sea, it's clear more than ever that america needs a robust military. mr. speaker, more importantly, all these discretionary increases are fully paid for by offsets. in addition to these critical investments, this makes a number of commonsense structural reforms to ssdi, like requiring a medical review before rewarding benefits and expanding cooperative investigation units to investigate significant fraud schemes before benefits are awarded. these reforms both ensure that the disability trust fund will be able to pay full benefits and ensure that those who truly are disabled have access to this important problem. beyond that, mr. speaker, this legislation realizes over $30 billion in medicare savings within the budget window and countless millions in years to come. i'm pleased to again be talking about the real drivers of our debt, the 2/3 of our government

spending that is on autopilot. if we're unable to deal with these mandatory programs, they'll end up bankrupting us. finally, mr. speaker, this legislation suspends the debt ceiling through march 15, 2017. since its inception in 1917, 20 debt limit laws also included a change in fiscal policy. i am pleased that this debt limit increase is yet again accompanied by mandatory reforms. of course, mr. speaker, i would have preferred stronger reforms, but in this era of divided government, with a democratic president, republican congress, no one will be able to get everything they want. the president wanted a clean debt limit increase, congress wanted significant entitlement reforms. what we are left with is a compromise which lowers the trajectory of our debt but also assures the world that the united states will pay its bills. while not a perfect piece of legislation, i believe this moves us in the right direction and funds critical priorities

for our nation. i urge support for the rule and the underlying legislation, and with that i reserve the balance of my time. the speaker pro tempore: the gentleman from oklahoma reserves the balance of his time. for what purpose does the gentlewoman from new york seek recognition? ms. slaughter: mr. speaker, i'm here to do my part of the rule and i thank the gentleman from oklahoma, my friend, for yielding me the time and i yield myself such time as i may consume. the speaker pro tempore: the gentlewoman from new york is recognized. ms. slaughter: mr. speaker, i rise today in support of the bipartisan budget agreement before us. instead of the brinksmanship and short-term stopgaps we have seen we have, i'm glad to say, a two-year budget agreement that eases the burden of the damaging sequester cuts, protects seniors, affirms the full faith and credit of the united states and provides much-needed economic stability and security to our nation. this agreement provides relief from 90% of the sequester's cuts for the next two years. and while we should eliminate the sequester in its entirety,

this is a welcomed respite from the sequester's grip, ensuring a renewed investment in research, infrastructure and early childhood education. the agreement also includes a clean way to pay the debt that congress has already incurred will will eliminate the threat of a debt limit standoff for the next two years. we should remember that the last time politics were played over the debt limit our credit rating -- our credit rating was downgraded for the first time in our history and our economy suffered. because of this agreement, the nonpartisan congressional budget office estimates that the certainty that this budget agreement creates will encourage the growth of 340,000 new jobs in 2016 alone. the "los angeles times" editorial board wrote this morning, if the budget agreement will provide, quote, a welcomed measure of stability at a time of increasing anxiety

about the global economy, end quote. mr. speaker, i ask unanimous consent to insert the text of the editorial from "the los angeles times" entitled john boehner's last deal, is congress better off, into the record. the speaker pro tempore: without objection. ms. slaughter: thank you. this agreement provides the harmful cuts to medicare and social security beneficiaries by reforming tax compliance among hedge funds, ensuring that people in the top bracket pay their fair share. the agreement also limits an increase in the medicare part b premiums for 2016, protecting millions of seniors from a dovely 50% rate hike. it does this by spreading out the cost of replenishing the medicare trust fund over a number of years and prevents this kind of rate hike from happening again in 2017. the health savings included in this agreement focus on well-documented areas of overpayment and improved program integrity, clearing out

waste in the system. and what's more, the agreement provides deep -- prevents deep cuts to social security benefits next year, ensuring it will pay benefits without reducing benefit levels or imposing new eligibility restrictions. social security disability will survive but with reforms to ensure accountability and fiscal prudence is long overdue. these are good steps forward. the agreement represents significant progress for hardworking american families, and for the next two years, we have come out of the sequester shadow. together, we found a way forward to confront the challenges we face as a nation. this agreement is the first bipartisan budget bill we've seen in quite a while. it serves as a road map that will lead us through the appropriations process, but until we finish that process, we are still on the path toward a government shutdown.

however, with re-authorization of the export-import bank yesterday and now the introduction of this budget agreement, i'm hopeful that this house can make progress on issues that are important to america and to our economy. we've sort of grown accustomed to governing by crisis with stopgap measures that do harm to the nation. when john boehner assumed speakership, he promised an open process for all members, but what we've seen is that one party has been consistently shut out and only allowed to participate in fixing starts which challenges half the voices of our nation. we've seen politicized select committees and political maneuvers and we hope that the cries to the speaker in waiting for open legislative process will include both parties and include all voices. this agreement with a two-year outlook with input from leadership from both chambers of congress and the white house

has perhaps marked a turning point. only time will tell. and i reserve the balance of my time. the speaker pro tempore: the gentlewoman from new york reserves the balance of her time. the gentleman from oklahoma is recognized. mr. cole: thank you, mr. speaker. i yield myself such time as i may consume. the speaker pro tempore: the gentleman from oklahoma is recognized. mr. cole: i just want to make a couple of points. first, i want to thank my good friend for her work on this and cooperation, and i agree with many of the points she had to make, certainly about the fact that i hope this heralds a new beginning. worth noting, we did a have -- did have a budget agreement two years ago and that worked. i am pleased this follow-on agreement is here before us today, and i think it will give us two years of stability. my friend will understand if i take mild exception with some of her remarks about being shut out of the process. those of us that were here in the minority on the republican side of the aisle certainly remember not being allowed to offer amendments to the affordable care act, seeing the stimulus act come to the floor

without committee and having the longtime practice of appropriations process under an open rule but in the spirit of cooperation today i'll leave it at that and let's look ahead because i think my friend is exactly right when she suggests this bill not only solves some important issues that are in front of us in a bipartisan way and give and take away, but creates an opportunity going forward. i really think if we get this rule passed -- i'm sure we will and get the underlying legislation passed and i'm sure we'll be able to do that appropriations bill come to the floor under an open rule so that members of both sides can participate in the most important process of governing ourselves and that's the appropriation -- appropriating

taxpayers' dollars for the functioning of government. if we can build on this and achieve that, i think a lot of people on both sides of the aisle who are concerned about regular order, already have an agreement as to what the top line number will be on what we spend in the normal appropriations process, that might make it easier for a lot of the votes to be more bipartisan. frankly i know that's possible on my committee comm, the appropriations committee. i think that's something members are genuinely looking for, an opportunity to debate priorities and discuss, but also to come together when there's common ground. i know there'll be some controversy about it today, there will be people who would like to have done things differently, frank g -- frankly i suspect every member would

like to do things differently. but we are in a period of divided government. we do operate in a system of checks and balances. it has been an exceptionally polarizing political environment. with all those challenges, the speaker, the majority leader, the president and the respected minority leaders in both chambers can find common ground and accomplish the things that need to be accomplished is something we ought to laud, not disparage. i look forward to working with my friend. i look forward hopefully to this becoming the foundation for a much more productive 2016 where we can do something we haven't done in a long time and operate under regular order throughout the entire appropriations process. that's going to be my new year's resolution after we get an omnibus done, which i think this will set the ground for getting that done, hopefully by early december. and then we can have, again,

stability next year and an opportunity to legislate the way i think most members, regardless of party and philosophical point of view, want to legislate. with that, mr. speaker, i'll reserve the balance of my time. the speaker pro tempore: the gentleman reserves the balance of his time. the gentlewoman from new york is recognized. ms. slaughter: i'm pleased to yield 2 1/2 minutes to the gentlewoman from new york, mrs. maloney. the speaker pro tempore: the gentlewoman is recognized for 2 1/2 minutes. mrs. maloney: i thank my good friend and leader on rules for her work on this and for the state of new york and for so much in this body. i rise to express my strong support for this two-year budget bill and the exemplary bipartisan cooperation that made it possible. although this bill is by no mean's per -- by no means perfect, it is a good bill, good for the economy and good for the country. it will ensure our nation maintains the full faith and credit of global financial markets.

it protects millions of americans from an enormous medicare premium increase. it frees us from the uncertainty worries markets and businesses both big and small. while i support the compromise, i would like to raise some concerns about its impact on hospitals in the district i represent. the bill puts restrictions on which hospital affiliated facilities can be considered outpatient departments and reimbursement at hospital rates. under the bill going forward, acquired facilities that are a certain distance from the main campus of hospitals will be reimbursed but at a lower rate as services at regular doctors visits. existing sites will be grandfathered and those under construction will be exempted and charged a lower rate. this will be a challenge in areas like the district that i

represent where encreasing demand collides with the lack of physical space to cause scattered hospital affiliated facilities. i hope to work with my colleagues to improve the changes made to these outpatient services medicare payment areas and i commend all that have works with such good will on this budget and urge my colleagues to support it, to support the rule and underlying bill. thank you. i reserve the balance of my time and yield it back to the ranking member. the speaker pro tempore: the gentlewoman yields back. the gentlewoman from new york reserves. the gentleman from oklahoma is recognized. mr. cole: thank you, mr. speaker. i yield myself such time as i might consume. the speaker pro tempore: the gentleman is recognized. mr. cole: i want to say, i think my good friend from new york makes an excellent point. there are going to be issues like this that i think we need to look at very carefully in the coming weeks and perhaps find some common ground on. an agreement of this magnitude,

occasionally we're going to have some problems. certainly i have some other areas of concern, the offset the agricultural crop insurance being one of them. i expect in the coming weeks, perhaps we can find some common ground in these issues. i certainly hope so. if we get an omnibus spending bill done, which is -- which this is the predecessor for, we'll have a vehicle to address some of the concerns my friend raises and i know others have with respect to this agreement. i want to thank my friend for bringing it forward, they're important to air and make note of. and pledge to do what i can to see if we can find some common ground here and iron out these knotity problems. mrs. maloney: would the gentleman yield? mr. cole: i yield. mrs. maloney: i thank you for your willingness to work on

this. i believe a correction could save taxpayers' dollars and be more efficient and the willingness to work together for better government for our country, i think is a good step forward. i thank the leaders on the other side of the aisle for approaching this in a bipartisan, cooperative spirit as you're showing on the floor today. it's better for our country and certainly better for the budget in all respects. so thank you very, very much. i yield back. i'm extremely appreciative. thank you. mr. cole: again, thank you. reclaiming my time. i want to thank my friend again and express my appreciation for the point she raises an the willingness to work together. with that, i reserve the balance of my time. the speaker pro tempore: the gentleman from oklahoma reserves. the gentlewoman from new york is recognized. ms. slaughter: my scheduled speakers have not arrived. if there are no speakers, if my colleague is ready to close, i'm ready to close. mr. cole: i'm prepared to close whenever my friend is. the speaker pro tempore: the gentlewoman is recognized to close.

ms. slaughter: thank you, mr. speaker. today we have before us a two-year budget agreement that invests in seniors and job training and eases the burden of sequester. however, unless we see the process through with the appropriations process, we are still on a path thwart shuddown which is not what the -- a path toward shutdown with is not what the american people want and what the economy can't stand. i urge my colleagues to vote for this bipartisan agreement, for the rule and the underlying bill, and i yield back the balance of my time. the speaker pro tempore: the gentlewoman yields back. the gentleman from oklahoma is recognized. mr. cole: mr. speaker, i yield myself the balance of my time. the speaker pro tempore: the gentleman is recognized. mr. cole: i want to just reiterate a number of points that i opened my remarks with. first, i don't think this is a perfect bill. i doubt that anybody on this floor does. however, it's the only deal that can be considered in the time frame we have before the debt limit is breached. secondly, the deal ensures an

appropriate level of discretionary government spending for the next two years. a level that will -- that obustly funds our military and secures america's future. finally this deal is paid for with mandatory offsets that increase over time, shifting the burden to where the true drivers of the debt are and where the supercommittee was intended to actually find cuts and bring us back to fiscal balance. before i conclude my remarks, mr. speaker, i also want to add a personal tribute, if i may, to our speaker. this is probably the last significant piece of legislation that this body will pass under speaker boehner's leadership and he was instrumental in forging it. and i know there are many, many people what are critical of particular aspects of this deal or about the process. indeed our speaker himself has used rather colorful language in

expressing his opinion of the process that we arrived at this agreement with. however, i think it's worth noting that in the finest traditions of this house, and of the institutions we all cherish, the speaker, the president, the majority leader, the minority leader in the house, the majority leader in the senate, or minority leader in the senate, came together, put aside differences, and found common ground. and in doing so, they saw some really difficult issues for us. they dealt with an impending default to make sure that didn't happen. they dealt with a potential government shutdown or at least bought us the time to deal with it between now and december 11. they made sure that the additional discretionary spending that they both agreed to was offset in a variety of means. they included a really important reform in the social security disabilities system that again

will keep it from going bankrupt and help millions of americans that need help, and finally they also made sure that millions of americans who were facing literally 50% rate increases under medicare part b will not have those increases. that is no small achievement. and john boehner, for 25 years in this institution, from a freshman to the highest pinnacle that we have, the speakership, has operated with integrity, as operated from principle, but has never been afraid to try and find common ground for people with different points of view. i for one appreciate the manner in which he's led our house. the manner in which at the very last minute he continues to work for the good of the american people and to reach across the aisle to find common ground with those with opposing views and

opposing partisan affiliations. i appreciate the man for the which he has dealt with our own conference, which is the largest since 1928 and consequently probably the most fractious. he has worked with members of differing opinion and found common ground, brought us together. so i just, again, speaking for myself, want to say how much i've enjoyed throughout my entire career having had the opportunity to serve with speaker boehner, first as a freshman member on his committee when he chaired education, then at the leadership table when he became the leader of our party, and finally just as another member who admires and appreciates his many accomplishments and his character and the manner in which he's led system of with that, mr. speaker, i want to again thank the speaker of the entire house, mr. boehner, for his distinguished service to

this institution, to this country, for being a valued friend, a person that i genuinely admire and i think people on both sides of the aisle genuinely admire. with that, i yield back the balance of my time. i move the previous question on the resolution. the speaker pro tempore: the question is on ordering the e previous question on the resolution. those in favor say aye. those opposed, no. in the opinion of the chair, the ayes have it. the gentleman from oklahoma is recognized. mr. cole: mr. speaker, on that i demand the yeas and nays. the speaker pro tempore: the yeas and nays are requested. those in favor of a vote by the yeas and nays will rise. a sufficient number having risen, the yeas and nays are ordered. pursuant to clause 8 of rule 20, further proceed option this uestion will be postponed. pursuant to clause 12a of rule 1, the chair declares the house

it >> new congress elected. they are coming back later this afternoon. they are out what you just heard subject to the call of the chair. that's because the house republican conference will be meeting in about a half-hour or so to elect their new speaker in the conference. that's expected to get under way over in the longworth house office building. a live look here on c-span outside the meating room, the ways and means committee meeting room. just coincidentally, paul ryan the current chair of the ways and means committee and lead candidate to be the next speaker of the house republicans meet this afternoon. they'll vote this afternoon. we'll cope you posted on all of

it. hope to hear from paul ryan and others this afternoon. then tomorrow morning the full house will get its chance to elect the 54th speaker. if it's paul ryan, it will be the first one from wisconsin. they'll come in tomorrow morning at 9:00 eastern. get right under way. the likely candidates we expect paul ryan, representative webster of florida, daniel webster, and the democrats' candidate will be their democratic leader, nancy pelosi. the bunt deal will be -- budget deal will be the big debate on the house floor. just an update where that stands. emily tweets this, that the c.b.o., she tweets the speaker's memo this afternoon, press releans, c.b.o. confirming the budget deal is nearly paid for, will strengthen social security and save taxpayers billions over the long term. from national journal, they talk about paul ryan with his budget debate, paul ryan squirms into speakership with budget deal.

he said last night he would vote in favor of that. earlier today billy house, who covers the house, paul ryan tells his fellow republicans that he will allow floor votes on bills even when the outcome is in doubt. some of what was heard from republican members. they met in their conference this morning to hear from both paul ryan and also from daniel webster. so the status of things is the house is out subject to the call of the chair. we'd love to hear from you on twitter, facebook. it's@c-span on twitter. if you want to send us a tweet open up our phone lines later on to hear from you and keep our eye out for news from the longworth house office building on the next speaker of the house. at least the republicans' choice for the next speaker of the house. all of it coming up live here on c-span. for context, wanted to show you a conversation from our book tv programs about the history and background of the speaker of the house. >> you're watching book tv on

c-span2. we are on location at the catholic university of america in washington, d.c. where we are meeting some of the professors who have also written books. joining us now is professor matthew green who has written this book "the speaker of the house, a study of leadership," professor green, what's the speaker of the house responsible for? >> the speaker of the house has a number of responsibilities. he or she is the top officer of the houches. in fact, the only one named in the constitution. so there is an expectation that speakers are there to represent the house of representatives with the senate and to the american people. the practical matter, the speaker is responsible for ensuring that the house operates correctly. ensuring that legislation is enacted, helping to develop the agenda. interacting with the president. interacting with the american people. ensuring that in general that the house is working the will of the people.

>> could anyone be the speaker of the house? do you have to be a member of the house to be speaker? >> technically, you do not. all that the constitution says is that the house shall choose its speaker. in theory, anyone can run for speaker of the house of representatives. as a practical matter it's always been a member of the house of representatives, but that is not a limitation that the constitution imposes on the selection of the speaker. post? partisan is the >> great question. i would say this, the partisanship of the office of speaker has changed over time. from the very beginning the fice of speaker had both partisan and nonpartisan responsibilities. to some extent the speaker was expected to represent the majority party in the house, but also to some extent the speaker has parliamentary responsibilities, ensuring that the rules are followed. that every member has the same rights and treated fairly.

and to preside over the day-to-day operations of the house and the house floob. over time -- floor. over time the position of the speaker has become more partisan. i would say reached its -- height of contemporary partisanship around the 1990's and 2000s with speaker gingrich and speaker pelosi. speaker boehner has pulled away to some extent from that. i think has tried to reintroduce some of the less partisan aspects of the speakership, but it's still a very partisan position. the majority party in the house expects the speaker to carry out the will of the majority party. host: when you look back at the history of the speakers, who have been some of the more effective ones or well-known ones? mr. green: first that comes to mind is sam rayburn who was speaker from 1940 until the early 1960's. and he was a prominent speaker in part because he lasted so

long. he served off and on for 20 years. it's very rare to have a speaker last as long as that. certainly not more than two or three terms. but he also was a rare speaker in that he understood the house in which he serves. he understood what it was that motivated members of the house of representatives. he had what you might say is a feel for the chamber. that made it possible for him to get a lot done as speaker because he knew what was possible. he understood the part of the possible in congressional politics. some of the -- some major legislation that was enacted during that time period was enacted during his speakership, whether it was transportation legislation, some literal civil rights legislation, legislation related to world war ii. so he was in many ways one of the most effective and best known speakers of the house of representatives. we've also had recent speakers who have demonstrated onsiderable effectiveness.

newt gingrich in his early years turned his house into a real machine, just producing major, major legislation under his leadership. relatively swiftly, which was very impressive. nancy pelosi in particular the enactment of health care legislation, which was a huge feat and last-minute outcome in large part because of her leadership. we have had speakers, most speakers at least since the 1940's are known for at least producing one major work of legislation. but certainly at the top of that list i would have to say would be sam rayburn. host: what's the speaker's normal interaction with the senate? mr. green: with the senate? i wouldn't say the speaker has a normal interaction with the senate. it varies who the speaker is. it varies by which party is in droll of the house -- control of the house and which party is in control of the senate. there is on the personalities of

the speaker and the senate leadership. there's an expectation that speakers need to have an open line of communication with the leadership in the senate because you can't get any legislation enacted without the senate's approval. so to that respect there is some communication tore relationship. but the degree of closeness that there is between say the speaker and the senate or senate leaders is going to vary tremendously by who the individual speaker is and who the leaders in the senate are. host: matthew green, who have been some of the least effective speakers? mr. green: least effective speakers. well, good question. i'd say there's certainly a host of speakers in the 19th century that didn't serve very long and aren't known for doing very much. and you could put those on the list. if we wanted to, again, keep our focus on speakers since the 1940's, which is the focus of the book, looking at speakers

since the 1940's, i would say the first thing that comes to mind is probably either carl albert, who served in the early 1970's, or john mccormack, who came right after rayburn and served from 1961 until 1970. they had for various reasons a more difficult time getting legislation enacted. to some extent they had a more difficult party to work with. the majority party, majority democrats, had rebels. it had folks who wanted to go their own way. that just makes it hard to enact legislation. they also had some personal issues, for example mccormack, particularly toward the end, he had been waiting to be speaker for many, many years. so when he finally got the chance, he was somewhat elderly. i had heard at one point that he presided over the house with an oxygen tank. so we have the fortitude, the constitution necessary to really

put in the effort necessary in order to get big legislation done. i would say that mccormack and albert were probably lower on the list of those who were effective contemporary speakers. host: how would you grade boehner? mr. green: how would i grade john boehner? i hesitate to grade john boehner to the extent he's still speaker. we see in history that sometimes speakers save their biggest and most amazing accomplishments for the end of their tenure. so we still have -- i think the jury is still out. i would say about speaker boehner, back in the 1930's, we had a speaker named john garner, a democrat from texas and became vbs under f.d.r. he once said speakership is the hardest job in washington. and i think that that pretty much sums up the experience of john boehner. imagine how much has changed since the 1930's when garner was

saying this. if anything the job has gotten exponentially more difficult. where now speakers have to deal with huge amounts of campaign funding, independent groups that arep funding, sometimes primary challenges against members of your party. you have a 24-hour news cycle. you have a plethora of interest groups. all these things are putting tremendous pressure on the job of speaker to try to get things done. without making too many people angry. i think that boehner certainly has -- those are challenges to his speakership. then you couple that with some of the more shall we say independent minded members of his party right now in the house of representatives that make it harder for him to count on the party loyalty that's necessary to enact legislation, especially when you can't get any votes from the minority party. i would say that boehner has done in some ways the best he could do with a bad hand he's

been dealt. host: professor green, members -- speakers are also members of congress. how much attention to do they pay to their particular district? once they become speaker? mr. green: this is one of the things i argue in the book. traditionally once speakers become speaker what they are thinking about is their party. they want to do what their party wants. after all it's their party, majority party that decides who is the speaker going to be. while i acknowledge that's true to a large degree in the book, what i also point out is that speakers have done things on behalf of issues and concerns that matter to them personally. so every once in a while we see speakers pressing for legislation that doesn't seem particularly important to the majority party in the house of representatives or even to the president, but matters to them personally. whether it's in the case of speaker boehner issues like education, which is very important to him personally. if we look further back in the past, nancy pelosi and human rights. john mccormack and catholic

education. sam rayburn and the energy -- oil and gas industry in texas. we do see speakers sometimes saying this matters enough to me that i want to pursue this. and they also do have to think about themselves getting re-elected. in addition to the issues that matter to them, there are sometimes things they do because if they don't do it might put them in danger of losinging their seat. this hasn't happened very often. the last speaker to lose re-election was tom foley in 1994. speakers like other members know that they need to at least be aware of the possibility that they could lose re-election. so they will pay attention to their districts and do things that might be particularly important to their own constituents just like any other member of congress would. host: before tom foley, who was the last speaker to lost election? mr. green: in the 19th century. i can't remember his name. it had been well over 100 years

before foley that the last speaker lost re-election. host: what makes a good speaker? mr. green: what makes a good speaker? i would say it's a combination of a number of things. rst, i'd say be a good listener. they have to hear what members are saying. they have to know when a member of congress says something if they are really saying -- meaning what they say or if there's something else going on there. being able to understand what members want and need. related to that is knowing the districts of members of congress so that if you have someone in your party saying i can't support you on this because my constituents would oppose it, the speaker needs to be able to say, well, actually, i also understand your district and i don't think it's quite as the situation as you portray. being able to persuade members involves knowing members and their districts. obviously persuasion is a third thing that matters. being able to persuade.

i think in addition to these personal traits, what makes a good speaker is an understanding that they are in the end representing the entire chamber. they are representing the whole house of representatives. the voters, the president, to the senate. and so that means sometimes saying to members of congress, you know i know you want this, but if we do it it will make our chamber look bad. it's going to hurt our ability to do our work. if you don't like it, i understand that, but this is my job as speaker is to do things that help the whole chamber. when we help the whole chamber and help the representatives as an institution, fundamentally what we are doing is helping the american people and the contry. host: what's the level of interaction historically that a speaker has had with the president? mr. green: historically speakers ave had a fairly significant degree of interaction with presidents. again just as speakers need to have a relationship with the senate in order to get a bill

enacted, they've got to have a relationship with the president in order to get that bill signed into law, and of president is seen by the american people as the person who sets the national agenda, who represents the country at large. so it's important for speakers to have some relationship with presidents and hopefully positive working relationship. now, that has been a challenge for speakers when they are the opposite party of the president. and we have seen from time to time cases where issues have seriously divided speakers and presidents and even -- if you look to the late 1990's, the impeachment of -- impeachment proceedings of president clinton, that creates a huge strain on that relationship. but at the same time there's an understanding that there has to be some avenues of communication. if they don't talk to each other, nothing gets done. the president loses, but the speaker also loses.

the ability to at least talk on the phone once a week. to meet, if necessary. those are part of the job of speaker. host: why did you choose to write this book? mr. green: i chose to write this book -- experiences i had when i was a congressional aide in the mid 1990's. i worked on capitol hill and i was there during the 1994 election, which was the election which the republicans won control of the house and senate, and most notably the house because they hadn't had a majority in the house in 40 years. and i was struck by a number of things in that experience. one was that you could tell the next day walking through the halls of congress what party a staffer was because people either were just overjoyed with huge smiles on their faces or they looked as if things passed them over. that was quite a remarkable experience. then also watching speaker gingrich and how he operated as speaker.

and the forcefulness with when i he exercised leadership. the speed with which he was getting legislation enacted really made an impression on me. it started getting me to think about what it is that speakers do and whether gingrich was an anomaly or part of a trend or one of many speakers who used the power of the office to get things done. so that was the experiences that got me thinking about writing about the speaker. and then later in graduate school when i went to look for a topic to write about, i realize the speakership was something that hadn't been explored very much. i was still interested in it. i was interested at this point in the end of the gingrich speakership and the hastert speakership which had just begun. based on that i started doing historical research and found all these interesting stories about speakers going back to the 1940's and sam rayburn. then i started thinking, well, speakers -- if speakers matter, we need to really try to

understand that. how do we know they matter? when can we say yes they are changing the outcome of a vote? and understand why they do it. is it always something because the party wants or something else? then based on my research i found something interesting which was that speakers not only have made a difference and do make a difference, but they do things sometimes because they think it matters or the district they are representing thinks it matters, or the president thinks it matters. even if their own party in the house of representatives doesn't think it matters. so that became the basis of the book. host: could newt gingrich's speakership have been longer? mr. green: historical counter fact use are always difficult. it's hard to say if it could have been longer. there was a way in which gingrich had a somewhat similar problem with speaker boehner which is a fairly large group of new young members who -- this is not unusual, both parties have

had this. they come in, they are a little zealous, they have a sense that they know how to fix things, and at first that creates tremendous enthusiasm and energy, which is useful to the majority party. but invariably that group or members of it start to get disillusioned. they see the things they got elected on are not being done then they become challenge for a speaker. again, this happened to carl albert in the 1970's. this happened in many ways what's happened to speaker boehner. with gingrich he had the same problem. so to some extent it was a difficult situation for anyone. would have been difficult, no matter who the speaker was. but there was another more personal aspect to it which is that gingrich was the kind of speaker who believed in being the general, the leader of the troops, and the folks would follow. and the things i mentioned earlier about the importance of listening and understand where members are coming from, not necessarily gingrich's strong

suit. because of that i think it exacerbated these tensions going on in the party and led some republicans to question his ability to lead past the first couple of years of his speakership. it was the short nature of his tenure. had he been a different kind of leader or acted differently after the first two years, then possibly we might have seen gingrich last longer as speaker than we did. host: john boehner recently said after the government shut down that he didn't really want to do it but he saw where his members were going. mr. green: right. and i guess this is an example of the difficulty that boehner himself -- personally is in with a lot of members who are -- strong opinions, strong views, and at that time really believed that this was their one source of leverage to try to get the

policy outcomes they wanted from president obama was to use the instruments at their disposal like the debt limit and the budget more generally. the danger -- in that respect boehner was doing what a smart speaker does, which is you see where your members are and you act accordingly. it's not as easy as people think for speakers to just tell members to do what they need to do. they don't have as many tools at their disposal as you might think they would. certainly in other countries we see parliamentary leaders who can say, well, if you don't support me, you're not going to be nominated again for office. our speaker doesn't have that power. to that extent boehner was speaking truthfully. had he to do what he had to do. but there is also a way in which it is part of the job of speaker to try to -- i think his office and leadership try to do this, try to educate members and say, look, if we follow path a, this is going to be very harmful to our party. and also harmful to the country

and so forth. if we take path b, it will be less harmful. we won't get what we want necessarily if we take path b. if we take path a, we almost certainly aren't going to get what we want and we are going to make ourselves the party and congress look bad. i'm not saying it would have been easy to accomplish that or that other speakers -- other members of congress could have done a better job, but i think that's what was missing from the equation and what led to so much of the couldn't flict, the government shutdown last -- conflict, the government shutdown last winter was the difficulty of boehner and the leadership team whether it was inability or not a possible situation to get members to understand that the direction that many of them wanted to go was problematic. i'll add one other thing, too, which is an important part of the equation, the minority party in the house of representatives. if boehner had been able to get democrats to say avoid a government shutdown and do something else, this wouldn't have been an issue.

in decades past something like that was possible. but in today's highly partisan congress, that's just not something that speakers have at their disposal. minority parties traditionally refuse to give votes to the majority on big issues. that really constrains speakers. now they have to get only the votes of their majority party. if you have a critical mass of members of congress in your party who just don't want to go along, you're in real trouble. so this is something that has made it harder to these -- the speaker than ever. host: what are some of the rewards and punishments the speaker has at his or her disposal? mr. green: today's speakers, this has changed over time, the rewards speakers have vary enormously. they range from saying i'll schedule a vote for a bill that you want or amendment you want. to saying i'll put in a good word for you for committee position. speakers often have a decisive influence on who gets committee

assignments. that's a very important power. speakers can say i'm going to visit your district and help raise money for you when you're running for re-election. that's an important asset. speakers also have little things, smaller things that people might dismiss but are very important to members. such as saying, well, we are going to have a congressional delegation going to syria. i can only have three members of congress on it. would you like to be one? this is something that members would love -- member of congress wants to do. great incentive. those are some of the rewards that speakers can provide. however -- then there are also some punishments, the reverse of that. they can say you're not going to get the committee position or i'm not going to give you a congressional delegation spot, trip on a congressional delegation trip. it's important that the members care about these things. traditionally they do. they care about the assignments, they care about making money.

but what has happened, particularly with the boehner speakership, is you have a group of members in his party who aren't interested in these things. maybe they are not running for re-election, or they can get plenty of campaign fund interesting some outside interest group, or they say i don't really -- i'm not interested in moving up here in the house of representatives. i want to stay on the committee a while and do what i want to do. that's another reason that it's been hard for the boehner speakership. you have members saying what you have to offer isn't enough for me. and there is one other benefit that speakers used to be able -- >> you can continue o watch our book tv conversation online at book tv.org. here on c-span we are going to take you live next to a familiar place if you have been watching the speaker story over the last couple weeks. this is the longworth house office building where members are arriving. republican members of the u.s. house, are arriving to cast their ballot for the next speaker of the house. there are two candidates, paul

ryan and the congressman from florida, daniel webster. they'll be coming in shortly. the votes this afternoon in the republican conference, the votes on the full floor tomorrow in the house. at 9:00 a.m. eastern. understand that trey gowdy will nominate paul ryan. he'll be seconded by kristi noem and jeb hensarling, nominating daniel webster will be congressman bill posey from florida and seconding speeches from steve pearce from new mexico. the house itself will return to work later this afternoon on their budget deal, the budget deal between the house and leaders on capitol hill. raising the spending levels for the next two years. extending the debt ceiling through march of 2017. the scenario is in a couple minutes, the meeting gets under way. it will take place in the ways and means committee room in the

longworth house office building. paul ryan is the current ways and means chair. if paul ryan is elected by the full house as the next speaker, he will be the 54th speaker and the third out of the last four to be from the midwest. john boehner, of course nancy pelosi from california, but dennis hastert before nancy pelosi. and word today that dennis hastert compleeded guilty today on counts of evading banking laws in a hush money scheme. a.p. says, it averts a trial by agreeing to a deal with federal prosecutors. recommends the former house speaker serve no more than six months. isn'ting expected to happen on february 29. stay here live on c-span as members file in.

>> it was here three weeks ago you may recall, three weeks ago tomorrow that the republican conference was stunned when majority leader kevin mccarthy withdrew from the race from speaker and brought about the whole scenario that brought us to where we are today. the conference today is considering the nomination of paul ryan. also daniel webster in the race. paul ryan will be nominated by trey gowdy.

daniel webster will be nominated by fellow floridian bill posey. most of the members have gathered in the room. there are 248 members of the republican conference in the house. they'll need the winning candidate will need 125 or more. paul ryan has arrived and so has daniel webster. what our cameras can't show you, tweeting out photos of paul ryan arriving on capitol hill. coming up the steps there. and also from daniel webster, house speaker candidate webster enters the house g.o.p. meeting with his family. we are going to stay here live. keeping an eye out as we expect it hear from members after the vote happens. we'll hear those both here in the corridor. also stakeout position. as we found out three weeks ago, you never know what might happen or what we'll hear. live coverage here on c-span.

>> moats ago house republicans have just tweeted their meeting has gotten understay inside the ways and means committeing room in the longworth building on the capitol hill. candidates will be nominated. nominating paul ryan will be congressman trey gowdy. the chairman of the select committee on benghazi. second speeches for congressman ryan will come from jeb hensarling and also kristi noem. daniel webster, also running for speaker, will be nominated by fellow floridian representative bill posey and also from steve pares and another -- pearce and nor floridian, david jolly. we understand the meeting is underway. live coverage here on c-span.

>> we'll stay here live on c-span. the mideasting has to then under way inside the ways and means committee room in the longworth house office building. house republicans choose their nominee for speaker. we'll open up four phone -- our phone lines to find out your thoughts. what you think of paul ryan, the likely selection of the republican conference. john boehner's last day is friday. we expect his final speech on the house floor sometime tomorrow. join our conversation on twitter at c-span. you see the numbers on the screen. r republicans it's 202-748-8921. democrats, 202-748-8920. all others, 747-8922. here's what we are hoping will happen. once the meeting wraps up we expect to hear from the winner, likely paul ryan, and perhaps other republican members, too. we want to hear from you as we mentioned we are opening up our phone lines here.

the house coming back sometime this afternoon to take up that budget deal. a number of stories about paul ryan. one of those that maybe has no interest outside of capitol hill. politico and a number of other organizations reporting that don't call him paul. it's speaker paul d. ryan. politico writes that paul ryan is changing his job title. he's changing his office. he's even changing his name. from today on the wisconsin republican would like to be known in official capacities as paul d. ryan. lauren french writes the ways and means chairman asked the clerk of the house, karen haas, to officially change his name to include the middle initial on all official documents. offices just one day before ryan is said to be elected speaker. ryan's middle name is davis. get some calls here. we'll hear from you. your thoughts on the speaker election process. first up on our democrats line is charles in sioux city, nebraska. go ahead.

south sioux city, nebraska. caller: i just wanted to make a remarks. hy would he -- because of this process even want the job. no one is going to accomplish anything out there. all they do is fight. as far as him changing his name and being addressed as paul d. ryan, this job makes him no better than any one of the other congressmen. i totally disagree with him. i think it could be another one of these programs that the congress will not accomplish anything. thank you. host: next to tucson to hear from sanchez on the independent line. good afternoon. go ahead. caller: yes. thank you very much. watching the selection of the candidate for the speaker of the house. i'm hoping that paul ryan gets

elected. i think he's got the credentials. will the nd of hope house suspend the rules and pass gutierrez on immigration. and i think he's a reasonable person. i think he's our best hope to get the immigration reform plan icks cuted. thank you very much. host: ok. to memphis, tennessee. republican line. caller: yes. i am excited about paul ryan becoming speaker of the house possibly. i just really hope that everybody can work together. compromise. and not go back. host: thanks for your call. we'll continue to stay here live on capitol hill. this is the longworth house office building. republican conference is meeting. they are making their selection for peak speaker of the house. the process here from goes back to the full house. all things being what they are

supposed to be, all things will -- the full house will vote tomorrow morning. will gavel in tomorrow morning to begin the process to elect a new speaker. that will be at 9:00 eastern tomorrow. the names in nomination certainly paul ryan, daniel webster, the freedom caucus choice, and also nancy pelosi, the choice of the democrats. here is wilmington, delaware. hello. caller: yes. i think nancy pelosi would be the obvious choice, but i think take step backto in time and get the angels out of their list of preferred food choices. i'm tired of government eating angels and covering it up with catches. and cop killers on the news. appreciate it if you would stop banning angels from their own planet. thank you. host: roll call writes about possible other changes within the conference. from what we understand kevin mccarthy will stay on as the

majority leader. steve scalise is the majority whip. here's the piece in roll call writing today that the steering committee, other rules changes to confront the g.o.p. she writes about house republicans could vote as early as this week on some changes to their official rules, including a plan to diversify the makeup of the powerful steering committee. conference chairwoman, kathy mcmorris rodgers, said on tuesday. fast tracking a vote to broaden member representation of the board that makes the committee assignments could have an immediate effect on republicans kevin brady of texas and patrick tiberi of ohio who are viing to succeed paul ryan as chairman of the ways and means. ryan is poised to become the next speaker tuesday. here we are today with the meeting under way in the longworth house office building. hear from you. we go to north carolina and this is hodges. hi, there. caller: yes, sir. host: go ahead. caller: i'm pulling for ryan.

i just hope and pray he's got the guts to get something done. thank you much. host: wake forest, north carolina. independent line. caller: yes. my name is nick. i had a question regarding the new speaker. i know the candidate has to work within the time schedule, but i hope that he can work without any partiality for either party and make sure the things are done given by the people not selected by any president. -- he people can give the he president then can pass it. and the way the government works. they've got to pass certain hings within the time limit. it outgoing speaker how it

should work. there should be responsibility on three sides. people have to be responsible. that is a strict regulation which can garner the process. host: mainly reporters and some aides and capitol police in the corridor waiting to hear the news from inside. tweets from john bresnahan. a series here. bill posey nominating webster for speaker. jeb hensarling speaking on behalf of ryan. kristi noem speaking for ryan. events are under way inside that meeting room. . what are your thoughts here as the house republicans get set to choose their nominee? caller: well, i thought that speaker boehner would come through on the budget deal only because it gives him a chance to get some back at people giving him all the problems. as far as