are involved in violent crimes. separate only impact in my view will be to intimidate citizens so they will be afraid selling their guns. instead of new rules and regulations, a better approach would be to enforce the laws we have by increasing the the nexty and funding system. i think that is a similar shared by members on both sides. can more funding, the state ensure everything is reported in

the system. just a portly, when the system -- anyone no one attempting to buy guns, we can prosecute them. got 35% administration more convictions been the obama -- van the obama administration. -- then the be a bomb than theion -- obama administration. sheriff's association tells me what he needs is more

resources from the federal government, not fewer. we can do more and remember the sacrifice of our men and women are it i think sometimes we lose sight. i'm sure other members of the committee who have fallen in the line of duty, either through the gangt of criminal or a member, mental and this is a major concern. i applaud president obama for focusing on the mental illness issue. i think it should be debated i congress in a thoughtful and thorough way. in conclusion, what we don't

want to see is a veteran coming from iraq or afghanistan who has concerns and finds himself unable to purchase a gun. i thank you again for allowing me to be here. our second amendment rights can be protected and at the same time keep americans safe. >> members of the committee, i spent 12 years working in the mental health arena. i would say that not one thing in the president executive actions related to guns that we are discussing today would have any meaningful effect on tragedies like virginia tech or san bernardino, much more less common street crime.

mentalsident focus on health care does have the opportunity to avoid tragedies considering more than 60% of all gun related deaths are mentally health-related. everything the president advocates cost money. i'm a lawyer. it would be my strenuous hope that given the fact that our national governor -- government drop --ishingly bank bankrupt. the president actions appeared bebe -- appear to

intimidating.nd the procedural proposals to run more background checks are inarguable. all of us want the laws on the book to be enforced and that can be done more effectively, that would be wonderful. however, when the president and the attorney general intentionally create confusion and and a you do a -- an ambiguity, one can only call that this honorable intimidation. -- gel threat -- jail threat

this is another example of a andident using power expanding the federal authority. this is obviously ludicrous, but the president and the attorney general don't seem to care. yourself in the position of the individuals. having the government for one gung you sale, is an expensive experience. that is exactly how the president wants it. his rhetoric surrounding the

release of the proposed actions that while he cannot do much, he can threaten much. threaten many of my fellow citizens. as a lawyer that has worked on , idreds of acacia -- cases would suggest that the state and -- l governments healthtion to mental throughout our country as a relates to safety, we have a balance to strike between patient privacy and liberty, public safety, and liability. it would be my hope that the federal government would do two things and only two things in the area of mental health.

expandprovide funding to mental health funding in the states by cutting programs and second, get out of the way of the state. eliminate all of the federal states totrust the find better and more cost-efficient care over time. they do want to do it. other than providing funding for mental health care, the president vaguely mentioned the department of health and human services removing information about people purchasing guns for mental health reasons. in the case of the virginia tech s werey, the shooter virginia public high school, have figured out how to manage

the shooters mental health issues, but they were not allowed to talk to virginia tech about the subject. virginia tech did not even know they had a mentally ill student when he arrived as a freshman. while we fix that under virginia law, such problems exist throughout the legal system. i will finish by calling your verytion to bury -- serious concerns reference about the presidents rhetoric. the other concern at a constitutional level, because i see time is out, that i have is beyond the second amendment, is the separation of powers. ifad one senator hearsay congress won't cooperate with thepresident, i'm sure glad president is by congress --

bypassing congress. heard anyone say the law should be enforced except for as it is written. >> my name is mark barden. over three years ago i was a professional musician. i have the opportunity to be home with my children most of the day. my wife grew up in the bronx and put herself in school. we now live in newtown, connecticut. youngest and an absolute light and joy. his sense of awareness and tenderness, transcended his seven years as an old soul. in school, he learned a

reputation for asking people that were having a bad day or alone to sit with him. home, at dinnertime he would scold james and natalie if they attempted to eat their food before my wife and i were at the table. my a't mean to sound bragging parent, but i think it is important in this context, that you take a moment to consider the humanity any personal impact of what has been taken from us and what is at take here. had what wed i considered an ideal life. on december 14, 2012. ar-15 gunman wielding an

shot his weight into sandy hook elementary school and shot and killed six educators and 21st grade children. one of those children was my sweet, precious daniel. in an instant the little boy who dance around our house and held doors open for strangers, was gone forever. in the days and weeks following his murder, james and natalie were heartbroken with questions that jackie and i were ill-equipped to answer. questions like why would someone do this, how could this happen? effort to try to at weanswer the question, learned that over 30,000 people

are killed every year by gun. this is unacceptable. work toade it my life's try to identify realistic solutions and save other families from having to live this never-ending pain. one of three managing directors of sandy hook thomas, a nonprofit organization aimed at bringing gun tragedies down. shamefully, congress has done nothing to address this epidemic . thankfully, president obama and

miss lynch are doing what they can within their power to address this. to backesources projects will help. guns lost or stolen in transit, will help track down criminals. applying better technology to firearms will cut down on fromdies across the board stolen firearms. the president has also proposed more resources be available for mental health people. i'm before you today as an informed, proud american who knows these modest proposals

will go a long way for not only saving lives, but improving lives. i'm also before you today as a grieving father who knows the cost of inaction. to think ofou guys my sweet, little dental and what was lost here. and the 90 american families who will lose a loved one today. 90 families who will lose a loved one tomorrow. president obama is trying to do something. please help him. sen. shelby: dr. malcolm. malcolm: we are here because

as obama decided to pass these without congress's approval. the president has the authority and in fact the duty to see that existing laws are enforced. however, congress has not ignore the problem. the rightensitive to of american citizens to protect the first -- second amendment. president, in order to get his ideas through congress, is acting on his own. problem a fundamental

whether his measures without congressional approval our constitutional. i like to address two of these faileds that i be leave the test. the president has many opportunities through executive orders and actions to direct federal agencies and the execution of the law. the constitution forbids him from changing the law. current law requires individuals , as you heard who are in the business of selling guns to get a federal license, and perform back run checks on buyers. require everyone who sells guns to perform background checks and as you heard from the attorney general, the administration is not clear on how many gun sales would

require a seller to obtain a license. the penalty of which is up to five years in jail and up to $250,000. the atf has warned under the 1968 gun control act, when this passed andensing was part of the law, the court upheld convictions for failing to have a license went to firearms were sold within a year. is this permissible? in the famous case of youngstown, in which president truman was not allowed to carry out his planned seizure of gun judge explained.

-- hise president power is that its lowest. congress can have control over -- cases [inaudible] actions to alter this are unconstitutional. i would like to mention that the president's plan to put people who are on the no-fly list who are unable to purchase a gun, i , itk many of us have heard

is compiled in secret. the last five years the aclu has challenge the operation. it is extremely hard to get your name off of the list and there does not seem to be any due process to do so. representing to marine corps veterans and in an , wrote until the no fly not be fixed, it should as against them. their second ae right -- second amendment right as well. sen. shelby: all-star with you general strange. according to the president's executive actions, the u.s. attorney general will begin a

new dialogue with states to ensure the robust provision of data into the national criminal back on system. -- background system. in the last fears, we have noticed that his program is going to cut funding for the next program. congress has balked at the president's proposal. strange, howral has this impacted communities in alabama? strange: i want to commend -- leadership for that sir

for their support of local law enforcement. without the resources, the states cannot get the information. without doing that, we have a system that is broken and that is a detrimental thing for law-enforcement. i don't think that i'm speaking just for alabama, but every law enforcement official at the state level would say that. have had a we requirement to provide this information, it is only recently within the last year that we have received any money at the state level to develop the technology and all the information needed to put into the federal database. sen. shelby: shouldn't this be a high propriety -- priority for the president? strange: i think it should be his highest priority.

what senator , i thinkpointed out that was spot on. you have been a strong supporter of the second amendment rights. in thea founding partner united self-defense law, which focuses on providing counsel in the area of self-defense rights, you are consenting to focus your career on the protection of the second amendment right. president'sve the executive actions to implement new gun-control measures will effect on violent gun crimes? >> the answer to that is a simple no. as it relates to

action and crime either on the street or when you have mass shootings, and mental health related incidents, there can be a connection. anyone contemplating crime, when you think of deterrent, you think of them contemplating the consequences. this will have nothing to do at that. sen. shelby: you have spent a lot of time dealing with mental health issues. more and what would you recommend? >> in your exchange with general strange, you notice states reporting information. one of the lessons learned from tech,nentech -- virginia had beense of chou he in the mental health system. however, he had submitted under

our court system, to mental health treatment. because he went that route, rather than resisting the adjudication he was not reported to the nix system. we have fixed that and virginia -- in virginia. years atok a year, two virginia tech, you see a much higher rating of reporting to the nix system. we don't want people to be able to purchase firearms. that was a system of failure. i think a lot of other states are learning. sen. shelby: you are not saying we solve the problem, but are taking steps in the right or action? -- direction?

>> we are taking steps in the right direction. we stop hundreds of thousands of sales of guns already, many of them caught already this way. that is the one way that we might have changed the outcome at virginia tech. in a lot of these incidents, it is hard to change the outcome regulatorye positions the president is talking about. sen. shelby: the executive actions we have been talking about, and i call a chipping away at the second a member right, how would what the president is proposing infringe on the second moment -- second amendment? impression given to those thatting as individuals is

they are being intimidated. they are being harassed. the attorney general cap saying they were -- cap saying they --re clarify -- kept saying they were clarifying. anyone who sells a gun and the attorney general has said, one is enough to fall under their umbrella. with penalties like that, the obvious intent is to deter people run even considering making these otherwise, legal sales. sen. shelby: millions of americans own guns and i for one, i have sold a gun and taken the money to buy another gun,

but i'm not a gun dealer. but under the attorney general's recommendation, the president's recommendation, that could detail my right to do that, could it not? are a law-abiding citizen. i'm a gun owner and i've done exactly as you described, told one gun and bought another, to upgrade. here, and my impression from the attorney general on down, is they want folks in that situation to think twice. think not tolks sell a gun. the ultimate fact is to slow down the opportunity to legally purchase, by law-abiding citizens, firearms. that is where the infringement

comes on the second amendment. sen. shelby: do you believe that rather than saving lives, the president's actions could result in more lives lost through the violation of the constitution? >> certainly one of the things that is little discussed, is the defensive use of guns. the actual use of guns for protection. if you go five years before virginia tech, we had another school shooting down in southwest virginia at appalachian law school. a student came onto the campus, shot and killed three, and was stopped by two students who ran to their cars and got their gun. enough,son, unusually simply surrendered. normally when confronted, someone with mental health issues, they would take their

own lifeless of the time comes to physically speaking. speakingtically there's no compilation of those occurrences that i know of anywhere. and yet we see them all the time. in my law firm, those are the kinds of people we are defending. we have never had a client inappropriately use a gun. we have defended clients who have drawn their guns in defense and had to protect themselves from prosecution for instance. all of those have been resolved favorably. that is understated here. there is no questioning the tragic outcomes that happened time and time again in this country, but is also the case that the second amendment rights are to protect people, the thin families, to stop crimes. sen. shelby: just share with us for a minute, something we all

believe in, we have a right to defend ourselves, do we not? >> absolutely. it is a natural right and we are a natural law country. of second amendment is one the rights we have as natural law. sen. shelby: thank you. presidentmalcolm, the has announced that stricter standards not passed or vetted with congress, will be applied by the atf to determine if the seller of a gun is engaged in the business of selling firearms. performired to background checks. my question, do you believe the president's announcement of an undefined measurement for determining when a gun seller is engaged in the business of selling gun, and thus required to perform background checks,

will result in harassment and legal consequences for law-abiding citizens who are simply engaged in constitutionally protected firearms transactions. professor malcolm: as the attorney general said, and we keep explaining and getting all had not said how many guns would be required to be put in the category as a gun dealer. right now, the law is for someone whose main business is selling guns. congress specifically exempt the casual gun seller from that. things seem to be blurring -- they seem to be blurring that learning to go against congress.

do you think this announcement by the president will have a chilling effect on said and who merely want to exercise their constitutional right. as an example, i've used guns, bought guns, so guns. upgraded. i believe i have that right. i'm not a gun dealer. effect, int into might think someone might come after me for doing that. to a goodt so my gun citizen. malcolm: it's bound to have a chilling effect, especially since they have announced without getting that license is up to five years in $250,000,ight fine of

not counting punishment for not doing a background check or it it is that kind of draconian --ishment and the clinician and no explanation. sen. shelby: in a way, it it would be intimidation. saying you have these rights, but you better be careful. someone signed an executive order infringing on my rights. thank you. professor malcolm. made a pointhas that they have prosecuted someone who has only sold to will have shown -- sen. shelby: is the second amendment just as important to the well-being of this country as the first amendment? third amendment?

and so forth. malcolm: it certainly is. thanght is more important the right to defend yourself and your family. it is absolutely essential. there are countries where people do not have the right to self-defense. defend --pposed to depend on the government. no government can be there all the time. while the fbi does not record self-defense uses of guns, it is been estimated that there is something of one half million of a half year -- one and million of these a year. [inaudible]

have you seen any in recent years or past years that wouldsidency like thiss amendment administration? professor malcolm: i think they have been rather clear that if they had their preference, they would ban gun. -- guns. the president spoke openly of australia's buyback. i find it interesting when they talk about the second amendment, they like to refer to hunting. that it is fine to have a gun for hunting. hunting does not rise to the level of a constitutional right, but the defense does.

self-defense is self-preservation, is it not, senator murphy? senator murphy: thank you for your testimony. i feel this is a hearing on a document that i have not need. i went to explore some of the inconsistencies between the interpretation of three of our witnesses and the words on the page. but first i wanted to start with you mr. martin. i want to thank you for your the -- hereproblem we are sitting , we're talking about the ways in which we can change the

enforcement of gun laws in order to prevent homicides, but your organization recognizes that the way in which we attack the issue of gun violence, is not through changing gumballs, but also ,hrough increased efforts mental health resources, or to prevent violence in the first place. you have a much broader agenda, don't you? >> absolutely. on the we should all be same page here. we should be looking for solutions where we can agree that we need to move forward. dumping has to be done. problem ofion, this gun related tragedies, it's huge and broad and complex. no one law will fix it all. no number of laws will fix it all. nothing will fix it all. we have to approach it in a more holistic way.

senator murphy: there are recent reports from john hopkins comparing connecticut's law to missouri's law, comparing homicide rates, suggesting there is a connection to the laws on the book with respect to the easy access of guns and rates of gun homicide. >> yes, that's correct. there is research by john hopkins that clearly indicates actuallyregulation reduce homicides by 40%. it is reduce suicides by 15%. those numbers are reflected in the inversion of states that do not have this law.

where homicides have risen and suicides have gone up. it comes down to access. here isre talking about the whole fabric of this come up with regard to prevention. you mentioned my organization, we do a lot of work in the state of prevention and violent behavior. -- we should be bolstering our mental health system. we should have mental health reform in place to get these people the help they need. murphy: limits are with you, dr. malcolm, i just want to make this clear for the record. he spent a decent amount of your testimony talking about a

conversation including individuals on the no-fly list on the list of people who would prohibited from purchasing a gun. malcolm: the president said those on thenclude on the list of those who cannot buy gun. senator murphy: for the record, executive one of the orders. i think it is important to point out for the record, that is not part of the executive actions.

clear i want to make it you said in your testimony, or maybe an answer to a question on senator shelby, that he announced the penalty for violating the existing law, with respect to who needs to be licensed, is a certain. of time in jail -- malcolm: i misspoke. senator murphy: that is existing law. -- ink it law equalsg the the intimidation, then there is a different reading of criminal statues. malcolm: when he implied

that people currently under the may be violating the law, your intimidating. senator murphy. : this is where we get down to a question on the words of the page. your perceived intention. it is a can see that little difficult for us to understand what is in the thoughts and minds of those who write the laws. maybe just share with me which of these five key points that are in this guidance do you perceive to be the unwarranted assault on the second amendment

or is that interpretation dependent on an interpretation of intentions that you've derived independent of what the attorney general has testified today. sen. shelby: i think i would adopt the comments of my colleagues. i would be happy to answer that question. i want to deliver the message from the men and women on the street. the people who are actually going to the active shooter situations and get their opinion here, and not only to criticize to president's proposal, but point out that the areas that do make a difference and where the committee can make a difference have been neglected. one example -- senator murphy: i'm going to run out of time, what specifically,

what section do you perceive to be intimidating. what is the language that is the assault on the second amendment. any point me to the provision that you are referring to. strange: i don't have it in front of me. i can follow-up with you. with, -- i work senator murphy: i think you have an obligation to point to the specific provision given that we are talking about it. let me just turn it over to you. i get the sense that you have the most problem with the areting court cases that currently the way in which you would interpret whether you are subjected to the requirement or not. referred totedly the suggestion that if you sell only one firearm, that you may

be required to obtain a license. that is included in a section which simply recites existing court cases. let me just ask you this question, do you dispute any of information of existing court cases on this question of who has to get a license? : -- trange >> i dealt with the business end of the federal government as they over red, if you will, over interpreted, and thereby used very aggressively authority they did not have. we beat them back occasionally, but we had to do it. they are counting on the fact that corporations and individuals don't want to fight with the federal government. with the intimidation you're asking the professor about, is

the rather vaguely worded, despite the attorney general's continuous use of the word clarify, it is exactly the opposite of what they are doing. they are opening the door of the application of five-year jail penalties to a bunch of people under the existing law, believe they do not understand all of the law. see ourmurphy: what i existing court cases that are public record. what of that, is intentionally vague, such as terminating? >> if all they wanted to do was apply the laws existing today, they would have to say anything. senator murphy: what is vague question mark -- a bank? -- vague?

>> when you were discussing circuitters -- entrances for it since. we have people who live in the circuit who do think of themselves as dealers and who recognize what the law is an come to understand it. now you're introducing at the national level a new threat of enforcement that there would not be any need for, if the law was not going to change. what are they to think? bear to think that something has now -- a bear to think something somethinge to think has now changed. i just want to go back to the wall that you are familiar with for the record.

as applied to a dealer in firearms, as defined in section 921, a person who devotes time, attention, or labor to dealing firearms as a regular course of trade or business, with the principal objective and livelihood of purchase and resell firearms, but such terms shall not include a person, this is reporting -- important, to for theasional sales enhancement of a personal collection or for a hobby. or who sells all his personal collection of firearms. i believe the president is trying to assault the constitutional rights and it around the law. i think he is trying to eliminate the last part of that. sen. shelby: you agree with

that? murphy: there are other factors that have to be included. that not just one person is selling one gun. that is why they don't have a number. a widow whose husband dies and she sells her husband's collection, that would not count as a seller. dr. malcolm: i think congress has been very explicit that it wants to have it the inclusion of the occasional gun seller from having to be lifted as -- listed as a gun dealer. the president has announced that he wants to change the existing law. senator murphy: i did not reach

the executiveyou action. includelby: he wants to rights that are protected in the law by executive action. finish? --phy: matt may i finish? emerged toe have sell thousands of firearms, but in the meantime they my not have a store. they are clearly in the business. that is why they have not defined a certain number to delineate who is in the business and who is not. notle that should or should be captured like the widow who is selling her husband guns

would not be captured in this. --. shelby: i think a lot of all of us want to agree that we want to keep guns out of criminals, terrorists, and else. i will always want to protect gunsights of those who own under the second minute. >> i don't see any a fringe --nt -- and frenchman infringement on the second amendment. >> i don't think anyone would object to make sure that folks using those avenues are properly -- properly license like they should be as long as they follow the law as it exists. was not needed. note that what is called

the gun show loophole is not a new debate. 40 miles in here we have the largest gun show. we went through that gun show over a thousand tables, over 400 of them with gun sales going on, with the proprietor filming it. went to every single seller of one and asked every single if they were licensed. every single one of them was, except six. we asked three of them what are you doing? all three of them had the same answer. sellers. all private it is covered in the law. the debate just and virginia,

it's happened every year. there's never a year off from this debate. it was never identified in virginia, referring to specific foundr. strange, where we criminally used guns being bought and sold at gun shows. did not happen in virginia. >> i think at the heart of this issue is amply a disagreement about what the words on this page says. i think it is important that when pressed, none of our witnesses could actually recite speaksual verbiage which to the claim of intimidation. i think the exception that you talk about mr. chairman for those engaging in personal sales

, is important, but that is in the guidance. the guidance says, very specifically, if you only make occasional sales of firearms, you do not need to be licensed. you need to be licensed if europe had only -- repeatedly by for making a profit. i think there is a fundamental disagreement about what is actually on the page and i hope that as we have this debate, it is not anchored and perceived intentions of what the ministration is quietly, secretly planning to do, but that the objections are based on the actual text of the executive order. i think that is what we have been missing here so far. disputes and objections that are anchored in the actual text. shouldagreed that we enforce the existing law.

sen. shelby: thank you, senator. i believe the end game should be that we all uphold the constitution and respect all constitute -- amendments including the second amendment. i want to thank all those who came there best here today. arequestions that submitted, we hope you would answer within 30 days. the subcommittee stands and recess. thank you are much. .- in recess thank you very much.

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subcommittee on commerce, justice, and science is wrapping up the hearing on president gun-control action. to state attorney generals, luther strange on the left, alabama attorney general, and the former virginia attorney general ken kuchen l.a., the first attorney general in the u.s. to bring a lawsuit against the administration under the health care law. attorneyimony from general loretta lynch. she was the witness in the first half of the testimony. -- hearing. [indiscernible]

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[indiscernible] president obama several weeks ago announcing new actions on good control, the sub committee loretta lynch, the attorney general, speaking about the justice department's role in enforcing those executive actions. included one of

the fathers of the victims of the sandy hook shootings. we will be repairing the entire hearing with loretta lynch testifying and the others coming up tonight here on c-span beginning at 8:00 eastern. c-span2, wrote to the white house coverage, a four-run what some of the lesser-known presidential candidates. more than 20 candidates running in new hampshire spoke at saint in manchester. that is coming up at 8:00 on c-span2. c-span takes you on the road to the white house. best access to the candidates at town hall meetings, speeches, rallies, and meet and greets. we are taking her comments on twitter, facebook, and by phone, and as always, every campaign event we cover is available on our website www.c-span.org. a major endorsement yesterday for donald trump as former alaska governor sarah palin

announced her endorsement of mr. trump. it happened yesterday at iowa state university. donald trump: wow, what a crowd. you have people outside, but we will go ahead. first of all, congratulations to the iowa state basketball team. [cheers] what was that all about? i turned on the game, and i said, this shouldn't be that good of a game. at the end i said, who won? that was great. i want to pay my respects, ben carson, they had a bad accident.

some of his staffers were hurt pretty bad. i want to pay my respects to ben, he is a great guy. and his staffers. their prayer for them, ok? we have had an amazing time today. we have been all over iowa, we will be here tomorrow. you're going to get so sick of me. you are going to say, tell him to go. but we have had an incredible time. it started really -- we had a pretty good week. the debates last week, everybody watched the debate. who knew about these debates? i didn't know anything about the debates. it has been fun. it has been interesting. i have been treated so my fairly by the moderate, not 100%, some have been fair, some have been not so fair. the press has not been very fair. look at all of the press pack their, they must think there is a big event. that is like the academy awards. we have had an amazing -- it has been an amazing experience.

it started on june 16 when we came down the escalator. we came down the escalator and i said, let's go, to my wife, who has been so supportive and wonderful. i said let's go. we're going to make america great again. that is what we are going to do. [cheers] it is hard to do this. when you think of it -- i have never done it before. i have never been a politician. thank goodness. i have always done jobs and put a lot of people, tens of thousands of people over the years, i have thousands of hispanics who love me. we came out at that particular opening, when i opened and said i was going to run for president. i gave up a lot of things, including telling our friends at nbc, no more "apprentice." that is hard to do. when you have a top show, and i had to say i am sorry. they wanted to do it so badly.

steve burke came to my office and said come on donald, you are not going to run, do it. i said, i am going to run. i was pretty sure. it really is a tough thing to do. all my life i heard, if you are a successful person, you will never run for president. you will never run for politics. but you will never ever run for president. i have great company. it is tremendous numbers. the presses going to look so closely it was like d-day when we put the papers and. first thing i did, i announced. they said, oh, he will actually do it. then when i signed form a, that is when you sign your life away. i signed that, they said, wehoa, he will never signed the financials. maybe he is not as rich as everyone thinks. you didn't hear a thing about it. were they looking. almost 100 pages, the biggest report ever filed with the fec

had terms of that. it showed a company with so many great assets, very little debt, tremendous cash flow. the way it's supposed to be. it is great. the reason i tell you that is because that is the kind of thinking we need now in the united states. we need that kind of thinking. [cheers] we need that whatever it is. we need a mentality that at 19 trillion in debt, it will be up to 21 trillion. he saw that horrible budget approved two weeks ago. we went along, a lot of things have happened. the polls came out, which i love. new one came out today, by the way, i will to you now. now that we are out as -- at it. they came out with some brand-new ones, some beauties, i guess the big one is coming out -- i don't know exactly what it is. it has to be pretty good. i see the response, even with this, all of the people trying to come into the building --

this barn -- nice barn, actually. with all of the people still trying to come and you see what it is. we do have something special in a couple of minutes. to me it is special. it is a person that i think is a spectacular person. so it is very special to me. the polls came out, and some of them, an example, national polls say 38% for donald trump. 20% for say second, i won't mention names. [applause] i am going to be nonconfrontational for a change. 11% -- and then they are all down. some of them are down at 0% and 1%. jeb. you know he has one problem, he loves common core. he wants your kids educated from washington, which is immediately no good. the second problem is he is very weak on illegal immigration.

he said, they come as an act of love. i said, what? they come as an act of love, i think those are two that point. -- bad points. crowd: [indiscernible] usa! usa! donald trump: usa! thank you. thank you everyone. thank you very much. we had a big one come out. go ahead.

get them out, please. [applause] yeah, you can take them out, please. never fails. thank you. thank you, darling. maybe you can be quiet a little bit while they take you out. you know i have to be careful, if i am too rough they say, he is too rough. when i am moderate and nice they say, what happened to trump? he is not tough enough. you cannot win with these people. the one good thing is, they always show the crowd. that is the only way they show how big crowds are. get them out. get them out of here. so south carolina just came out. that is 32 for trump, 18 for second, 11 for third.

florida leading by 31, 19, 13, and then all down in the dumps. [applause] georgia just came out, 33%. don't forget, that is 33%. it is hard to believe, that is what 14 people, 15 people, i don't know when i took it -- but it was recent, 3%. connecticut, tom brady loves me, sort of like -- and i love tom brady by the way. 35%, to 18%, to 9%, to nothing. maryland just came out, great place, 32% to 15% to 11% to 9%, phase out. you ever hear of a place called iowa? [cheers] i love this. we are doing actually great. they never reported. -- report it. cnn probably spends millions,

they never report their poll. it was 33 for trump, 20 for ted cruz. they don't talk about it. cnn is reporting other people's polls. i collect and i say, you are cnn, he spend a fortune on poles, and you do not report your own because i am winning by a lot. they keep reporting other polls. we are doing well. we are doing a lot better than anyone of those grabbers. 34 for trunk, 28 for ted cruz. it is a little close. quinnipiac poll, 31 for trunk, 29 for ted cruz. cnn, 33-20. i think we are doing better. i could do this. i could say, i just want to do well in iowa. i want to win iowa, folks. i love the people.

the evangelicals have been phenomenal. nationwide i am winning with the evangelicals. i don't know if you know that, by a lot. with iowa, i am doing really well with the evangelicals. we are doing really well with the tea party. we are doing well -- you hear the numbers, we are doing well with the numbers. i think we're doing even better than the polls. thing a lot of people say -- they call up and say, are you going to vote for donald trump? he has tough immigration policies. he wants to destroy obamacare and replace it with something a lot better. i am going to do that. [cheers] a lot of people pick up the phone and say different things. they get to the booth and say donald trump is my man. a lot of people say we will do better. we will see. february 1, you have to get the caucus. you have to go out. you have to do it. otherwise we have always did our time. one of the groups in maine, it was incredible. we were in different places and new england recently and new

hampshire was amazing. the people -- it was so cold, despite global warming, wind chill below zero. people were standing outside for hours trying to get in. he had the announcers, will they show up to vote? i don't know much, but i say if people are going to stand in four hours a cold or heat, believe me, they stood in the heat turned the summer and fall, like you would not believe in tennessee, and taxes, 21,000 people -- texas, 21,000 people. no matter where we go. they spend for hours to get in, why would they not vote? we think they will really be -- why would anyone wait for four hours and then not take two minutes to vote. yours is a little more complicated because the caucus system is different. it is an interesting system, but different.

here is what i have to say about iowa, very important. you know there is a movement to move i would to the back of the pack. you know that. you will still me -- see me, but not others. i am loyal. to a fault. i give you my word i when. --win. they are not touching iowa. this is an amazing tradition. they are not moving i was back. they are not moving new hampshire either because they are talking about iowa, new hampshire. they are not touching new hampshire. we're going to keep it the way it is. it really is. it is amazing. you are amazing people. all over the country, it is a movement. the people are incredible. they want to make america great again. they are going to do something that is special. please to talk silent majority, i say noisy majority. people are fed up. i started on june 16.

we did well. practically from the beginning. if you remember, we started at nothing. nobody believed i was going to vote. my wife said, you know if you run, you will win. i said, what do you mean? she said people do not believe you will win. i felt like these guys that are senators and governors, i was getting these polls. i can't get this -- he goes, jeb again. boy, he is taking a lot of abuse. i told him, you should use the name bush. what is wrong? use the name bush. maybe it isn't working, but it's better than jeb. get rid of the exclamation point, just get rid of your name. i wish him the best. i started, and i started at two or three, and then i went to

six, and then i went to nine. each time the pundits, real geniuses back here -- some of them are sitting back here. israel geniuses like george, with the little glasses, he looks like a dumb guy without the glasses. each time these geniuses would say, he has reached his auto. he has plateaued at six. then it goes to 11. well, you know it is surprising, but he has reached his plateau. and it went to 18, 24, 28, then 32. minute actually went to 42. in reuters we got to 42 and a little above. all of a sudden, you didn't hear about the plateau. i want to plateau at 42. they kept saying, he plateaued, that is all he will get. we have the smartest followers there are number one. we have the smartest. [applause] and the hardest working people.

we have people that love the country more than anybody. they want to take back what has happened. our country is going to hell. we can be nice about it, we can say it nice and soft. our country is going to hell. when you look at this crazy iran deal where we pay $150 billion and they give us five back, but they do not know where the fifth is, and you understand what that means. that is not a good sign. they give us five people, they get seven, and then they get 14 off the interpol list. these are bad dudes. they get 14 plus seven, so they get 21 people. and they have the right to do whatever they want from an enterprise standpoint. right to do oil, whatever they want. what are they also get out of the deal? first of all, they don't need to develop, they can buy them. remember the deal? 24 days. they have 24 days for inspection. they have self inspection.

we paid 150 billion, i said what a great deal that is. and then i said, two weeks ago i started -- i said wait a minute, that is not a good deal. compared to the other deal -- they took over iraq. we gave them iraq. we knocked the hell out of iraq. we decimated their armed forces. for years they would fight. for many years. for decades they would fight, fight, nobody would win. they would rest, and go back to fight. now, we gave them the second largest oil reserves in the world. iraq. we gave it to them. now they are going into yemen. if you look at yemen, take a look, they will get syria, they will get yemen -- trust me a lot of good things would happen if i got in. but let's leave it the way it is, they get syria, they get yemen. they didn't want yemen, but have you seen the border between yemen and saudi arabia? they want saudi arabia. they will have iraq, iran, yemen, syria, everything.

they will be a monster. we created this. with stupid leadership. really stupid leadership. so when i started i said, we have to do something about it. it's nothing i wanted to do, it is something we have to do. i'm representing you, i am not taking money. i'm not like some of these guys getting millions and millions. some people i know, they are nice people. some are bad people. they have no interest in the country. they have interest in their company, or countries that they are representing. these people and politicians are going to do exactly as they are told by their lobbyist and special interest and donors. me, i am going to do the right thing. i just told the story, when ford moves to mexico, i am going to talk them out of it. when the disco moves their plant to mexico from chicago, i will talk them out of it. believe me, it will be easy. it will be easy. [applause]

i started and i talked about the border. very strong on immigration and illegal immigration. took a lot of heat. you wouldn't even be talking about that subject of a did not bring it up. i talked about isis. what really happened is after paris, we had 130 people killed. by the way, i told you that common core is dead, and second amendment is right this way. we are going to protect the second amendment. we are going to protect the guns. we're going to protect your guns. if in paris and los angeles we had the two maniacs that were married. she came on a fiance permit. wonderful to beyonce -- fiance. she was already radicalized. we have to start using our heads. bad stuff is happening. we have to find out what is going on. we have a president who will not even talk about the term. if you think, he will not even mention anything to do with what we all know is going on.

you cannot solve the problem if you do not talk about it. you have to talk about it. very, very strongly we started talking about that. after paris, and by the way, if we had a couple of you, and you, and we had three or four people in that room in paris where they have the toughest gun laws in the world. you cannot have a gun, unless you have are a bad guy. -- unless you are a bad guy. they just said boom, boom, they killed 130, more -- people were badly wounded. i could take out plenty in this audience, believe me, if they had guns on their waist or ankle, and the bullets with the opposite direction, it would've been a whole different array, folks -- story, folks. very big on second amendment. what happened, all of a sudden, after paris, and to a big extent come in california -- extent,. .

in california told 30 coming in saying people like donald trump more. i went up 11 point. people want strength. just like having the family of john wayne, who is great. i love john wayne, from iowa. but out of nowhere i got the most be the full letter from his daughter, who you just met, who is an incredible woman. she said we would like to it endorse you. john wayne was a strong guy. we need strength. we need strength in this country because we are withering away with political correctness nonsense. nonsense. if you think of it, you cannot say merry christmas anymore. we are going to say merry christmas again. you go to department stores with no christmas displays or signs, merry christmas. even people that are not christian are saying, merry christmas. let us say merry christmas, happy holidays, but people like to see it. people -- stores do not put it up. we are withering away. we are going in the wrong direction.

i said we are going to do this. i had no idea it was going to work this way. at the end you can and should outcome i had no idea i would have 21 point leads. nationally we are upset -- up so much. i want to keep it that way. one thing before i introduce our incredible guest. one thing, i have spent to this point almost nothing. i'm in first place by a lot. i tell the story -- i'm not bragging, i am just telling the story. they will tell you, almost nothing. i am in first place by some polls have me at 21 point. that is a lot. some people have two. i have a lead of 20. i'm in first place by a lot. jeb has spent $77 million. the reason i bring them up, i wouldn't bring them up, but he spent a fortune on ads against me. you people have all seen it before. i get along with everybody. i was a world-class businessman, now i am a politician. i hate to tell you.

you go with everyone. you want to love everyone, you want them all to love you, unless you are stupid. everyone knows the story. so much money has been spent on me. he spent $79 million. i spent nothing. i am in first by a lot. he is down towards the bottom. i said to myself, it is amazing, wouldn't that be great if this were the country doing this. as an example, education. we are number 28 in the world. we have third world countries ahead of us. education is very important to me. 28 in the world. countries you would not believe are ahead. you wouldn't believe it if you heard the names. we are 28. we are number one in spending per pupil by far. when it be nice if you had like this election process where we spent the least and had the best education? so sweden and norway and china

and others are the best. we are nowhere near them. yet we spend far more per pupil. we are going to change that. i told you we are going to get that localized. but we are going to change that. you just watch. i can tell you. i will to you this, you cannot educate your children through bureaucrats in washington. that is what happens with common core. when the parents take over, and i really mean is, because i have seen it. when the parents around those schools, they love those kids and pupils, and even when their kids graduate, they are committed to those schools. they are committed to education. you can do so much better in iowa than they can possibly do telling you what to do in washington. not all of them, but most of them are just interested in, where is my check? how much do i get? let's get the process -- let's make the process complicated. some of the things your kids are made to study are an outrage.

bring that back locally, it will be great. what happened essentially as i started looking and all of a sudden things changed, people are now looking, they know i will do great with china, i will do great with japan, i will do great with mexico. they are killing us in trade and at the border. we will build the wall. do you know who will pay for it? mexico. they make a fortune. now we are really focused on security. i am honored because i will tell you all of the polls, the cnn polls in particular were they said donald trump is not by a little bit, by many many many percentage point winning on isis, the military, the veterans, we are going to take care of our veterans big-league. big-league. we are really going to take care of the military. it is going to be a big and strong and powerful, and nobody will miss with us -- mess with us. it will be the cheapest thing we can do, i will tie you that right now. i just want to announce a couple

of words about a very special person. this is a person who i have known for a long time. who i have respected for so long. an incredible husband, an incredible emily -- family. somebody that when i heard she was going to endorse me, i was so honored. you have no idea how honored. i would like to bring up, if i might, governor sarah palin. special, special person. thank you. [applause] sarah palin: thank you so much. it's so great to be in iowa, we are here buying out -- thawing out. todd and i are here lending our support to the next great president of the united states of america, donald trump. mr. trump, you are right, the

press box, heads are spinning. this is going to be so much fun. are you ready to make america great again? [cheers] we all have a part in this. we all have a responsibility. looking around at all of you. you hard-working iowa families. the farm families. teachers. teamsters. cops. cook's. rock 'n roll or's. holy rollers. all of you who work so hard, full-time moms. you with the hand that rock the cradle. you make the world go round and our cause is one. when asked what i would jump into a primary, stirring it up maybe, and choose one over some friends who are running, and i've endorsed a couple others in

their races before they decide to run for president, i was told , you are going to get clobbered in the press. you are going to get beat up. chewed up and spit out. i am thinking, and? you have not tried to do that every day since that night in 2008. when i was nominated for vp and i got to say, i will go, send me, you better. all, i am still standing. so both of us who have both gone through the ringer,as mr. trump has, makes me respect him even more. but you are here and you are putting your efforts, you are putting your relationships on the line to do the right thing for this country because it you are ready to make america great again. [applause] gov. palin: i am here because

like you, i know it is now or never. i am in it to win it. because i love america. i love my freedom. if you love your freedom, think of that. think of that and know that the united states military deserves a commander-in-chief who loves our nation compassionately and will never apologize for this country. a new commander-in-chief who will never leave our men behind. a new commander-in-chief, one who will never lie to the families of the fallen. [cheers and applause] gov. palin: i am in it because just last week, we were watching our sailors suffer and be humiliated on a world stage at the hands of iranian captors in violation of international law.

because a weak-kneed capitulator-in-chief with the skills of a neighborhood organizer organizing 18, decided that america would -- organizing a tea, decided that america would apologize. they captured, we apologize. we bend over and say, thank you enemy. we are ready for a change. we are ready, and our troops deserve the best. a new commander-in-chief with a track record of success that has proven he is the master at the art of the deal. he is the one who would know how to negotiate. only one candidate's record of success proves he is the master

of the art of the deal. he is beholden to no one except we the people. how refreshing. he is perfectly positioned to let you make america great again. are you ready for that, iowa? [cheers and applause] gov. palin: no more pussyfooting around. our troops deserve the best. you deserve the best. he is from the private sector. he deserves a hallelujah. can i get a hallelujah? >> hallelujah! the president is to keep us safe economically and militarily. he knows how to lead the charge. some trips, hang in there. help is on the way. better than anyone, is he not known to be able to command fire.

are you ready for a commander-in-chief? [cheers and applause] gov. palin: are you ready for a commander-in-chief who will do his job and go kick isis's asks? ready -- go and kick isis's ass? are you ready to stump for trump? i am here to support the next president of the united states, donald trump. eight years ago i warned that to obama process promise of the fundamental transformation of america, it would take more from you and leave of america weaker on the world stage and that we would soon be unrecognizable. well, that is the one promise obama cap. but he did not do it alone. and this is important to remember. especially those of you, like

me, a member of the gop. this is what we have to remember in this very contested, great primary race. trumps candidacy has exposed not just the tragic ramifications of the betrayal of a transformation of our country, but he has exposed the complicity on both sides of the aisle that has enabled this. ok? well, trump, but he is been able to do, which is really taking people off, which i am glad about. he can go on doing at left and right, that is why he is doing so well. he has been able to tear the veil off this idea of the system. the way that the system really works. please hear me on this. i want you to understand more and more how the system, the establishment, works. and has gotten us into the trouble we're in an america.

the permanent political loss has been doing the bidding of their campaign donor class and that is why you see that the borders are cap open. -- eric kept open. for them, for the cheap labor. it is crony capitalism so they can suck off them. they are acting industry for special interests elsewhere. we need someone in power in position to bust up that establishment to make things great again. it is part of the problem. his candidacy as a movement, a force, a strategy. it proves as long as the politicos get to keep their titles, their prayers, their media ratings. they really don't care who wins elections, the proof? look what is happening today

through the gop machine, the establishment. they would assemble the political landscape. they are attacking their own front runners. would the left ever come out against their own? no. they do not eat their own. but to be coming after donald trump's supporters even? with accusations that are so false? they are so busted with the way these things work. please, you, a diverse support group. some are even whispering they are ready to throw in for hillary over trump because they cannot afford to see the status will go, otherwise they will not be able to be slipping off of the gravy train that has been feeding them all of these years. they do not want that to end.

then funny, ha ha, not funny, now what they are doing is wailing that trump and his trumpeters are not conservative enough. oh my goodness gracious, what the heck with the establishment know about conservativism? tell me, is this conservative? gop majorities handing obama a blank check to find a obamacare and planned parenthood and illegal immigration that competes for your job and turning safety nets into. and all of these new democratic voters who are going to be coming over the border as we keep the borders open. and bequeathing our children millions in new debt and refusing to fight back for our sovereign see even though that is why we elected them and sent them to washington, d.c. no!

if they can't do that, who are they to tell us we are not conservative enough in order to be able to make these changes in america that we know need to be made. now they are concerned about this ideological purity? give me a break. oh, and tell somebody like phyllis shuffling, she was the republican conservative movement and hero and a trumps up border. tell her -- and a trumps importer. tell her. right wingers. proud cleaners. of our weapons and our constitution. tell us we are not red enough? well, he being the only one who has the guts to go where the issues that have to be spoken about. what i -- while the rest of these establishment candidates

want to hide in the dust. they would not talk about these issues to be brought them up. they have been talking about this political correctness. like a suicide vest. the issues that had to be talked about had to be debated and he brought them to the forefront and that is where we are today with good discussion. a good, heated, competitive primary. into now, to be lectured that, well, you guys are all sounding kind of angry is what we're hearing from the establishment. doug on right we are angry -- doggone angry? yes. they stomp on our next and then they tell us just chill. relax. we are mad. we have been had. they need to get used to it. this election is more than just

your basic abc's, anybody by clinton. when we are talking about a nation without borders, when we are talking about a great season and our federal government. will never be able to pay off the debt, our children and grandchildren. power through strength. well, we are talking about our very existence. so no. we are not going to drill. we're going to drill, baby drill down. we are not going to self-sabotage and to represents that. we need a candidate to represents america first. common sense solution. yes, the status quo has got to go otherwise we're going to get more of the same. and with their failed agenda, a

cannot be salvaged. it must be savaged. and, donald trump is the first one to do that. are you ready for new? are you ready for the leader who will let you make america great again? >> [cheers and applause] gov. palin: it is going to take a whole team. fighters in the house and the private sector and the senate. so our friends who are fighters in the house and the senate today, they need to stay there and help out. they can help our new leader in the positions they are in. let me say something very positive about one of those individuals. rand paul. i will tell you about that libertarian streak in him that is healthy. he knows you only go to war if you are determined to win the war. and you quit putting the bill

for these nations who are oil-rich. we have been fighting their scrimmages where they are yelling allah-akbar and cutting each other's heads off. we have not prioritized our own budget well enough to be able to afford what we are doing overseas. things are going to change under president trump. [cheers and applause] gov. palin: so we can be a team with fighters in the house and senate. yes, our candidate is different. he is a multi-billionaire. not that there's anything wrong with that. it is amazing.

he is not elitist at all. i'll, i just hope you get to know him more and more as a person and family man and what is he been able to accomplish. his quiet generosity. maybe his large as gets in the way of that quiet generosity and his compassion, but if you know him as a person, and you will get to know him more and more. not just for his record for success and his good intentions for america, but who use as a person. he is not an elitist. as a multi-billionaire, we still want them on because he roots us on. he tells says, joe six-pack, he says, you know, i have worked very very hard and i have succeeded. usually i have succeeded, he says. and he says, i want you to succeed, too. and, that is refreshing because he, as he holds things, he

builds big things. things that touch the sky. they get infrastructure that puts other people to work. he spends his life looking up and respecting the hard hats and the still-toed boots and the work ethic you all have with in you. he is an optimist. passionate about equal opportunity to work. the self-made success of his, you know that he does not get his power, his high, off opium. other people's money. like a lot of dips in washington do. they are addicted to opium where they take other peoples money and then there are high is getting to redistribute it, right? and then they get to be really popular pick up and they give out your heart-earned money. he does not do that. his power, his passion, is the fabric of america. woven by work ethic and dreams and faith in the almighty. but a combination.

are you ready to share that again, i read? because that is what is going to allow you to make america great again. he is going to be able to empower you to look out for one another again instead of relying on a bankrupt government to supposedly being looking out for you? no. i think you are ready for that. in iowa, i believe you are ready to see that our veterans are treated better than illegal immigrants are treated in this country. [applause] gov. palin: and you are ready to talk about the tax reforms to open up main street again. and you are ready to stop the race-building based on color and zip code to unify around the right issues. the issues important to me i would not be endorsing him. pro-life, pro-second amendment. those are the things unifying

values. these are unifying values from big cities and tiny towns. from big mountain states and the big apple to the big, beautiful heartland in between. finally, friends, i want you to try to picture this. it is a nice thing to picture. exactly one year from tomorrow, former president barack obama -- [cheers and applause] gov. palin: he packs up his hope the change he staff and his teleprompters and his selfies and heads back to chicago. i'm sure he can find some community they are to organize again. there, he cannot finally look up, president obama will be able to look up, and there, over his head, he will be able to see

that shining, towering trump tower. yes, barack obama, he built that and that says a lot. i look, you say a lot will stop being here tonight, supporting the right man who will allow you to make america great again. brush you, god bless the united states of america and our next president of the united state's, donald j. trump. >> unbelievable. mr. trump: i love you, darling. take you. we're going to give them hell. i just want to thank sarah and todd. just really amazing people. this is a woman that, from day one, i said if i ever do this i have to get her support. she feels it. she understands that better than anybody. sarah, on behalf of myself and my family and the country i want

to thank you. thank you. come on, we will sign a couple of things. ♪ [captions copyright national cable satellite corp. 2016]

on the roadkes you to the white house. best access to the candidates at town hall meetings, speeches, rallies, and meet and greets. we are taking your comments on twitter, facebook, and by phone and by always every campaign event we cover is on our website, www.c-span.org. includes debate with some of the lesser-known presidential candidates. it happened last night at saint anselm college in manchester. that will be at 8:00 eastern on c-span two. as i've been watching the campaign this year, it is far more interesting to look at the republicans than the democratic side. that may have something to do with why there is more interest in these candidates and their books. q&a, aay night on nonfiction book critic for "the

washington post" discusses books written by the 2016 presidential candidates. >> everyone of them has interesting stories in their lives, and politicians who are so single-minded in this pursuit , couldr and ideology have particularly interesting ones, but when they put out these memoirs, they are sanitized. they are vetted. they are therefore sort of minimum controversy. >> sunday night at 8:00 eastern on q&a. >> 35 years ago today, as newly elected president, ronald reagan was delivering his inaugural address on the west front of the capital. iran freed 52 american hostages who have been held 444 days since november 4, 1979. next, we hear from washington journal viewers what some of their reaction and memories of the release date 35 years ago.

facebook.com/c-span. as many of you remember from president jimmy carter froze iranian assets and cut off diplomatic ties with the country in hopes of getting those hostages returned. in april of 1980, the president attended -- attempted a rescue mission. 82 servicemen were killed when a u.s. helicopter and transport airplane failed. let's show jimmy carter taking responsibility for the failed attempt. [video clip] have the my attempt to rescue mission. it was my decision to cancel it. problems developed.

responsibility for the safety and early release of the american hostages. the safe release at the earliest date possible. on january 20,en 1980 one when those hostages were released. of the the front page des moines tribune. "they are free" is the headline from 1981. below that is the headline of ronald reagan being sworn in on that day. january 20, 1981 -- the same day the hostages were released. thoughts, and impressions of that time. john in pennsylvania, good morning. caller: good morning.

an interesting anniversary. first, i'm not sure how many people know the history of that. what has led up to it. we went into iran in 1953 for their oil. --had a democrat he is democratically elected president those overturned by the u.s. with help from the iranians. shaw, who sethe up one of the most evil secret -gangs there ever was. we were surprised in 1979 the iranians took hostages. you have to know the whole story. the shower was not good. good. shaw was not

we got ronald reagan as a result. it is a strange thing. the effects of reagan overshadow us today, unfortunately. host: why do you say "unfortunately?" you believe it was the hostage situation that led to jimmy carter not being reelected? the rescuee at attempt with the helicopters where sand or dust got into the engines. they crashed, i forget how many were killed -- a dozen or two dozen. host: 8. caller: it paved the way for reagan. that way we got trickle down economics, which is the horrible mess we are in today. host: do rbe