best run campaign i had ever seen up to that point, and maybe since. by the time the governor got ready to run for a second term, i knew my way around, so i went to the los angeles press club where he would make his announcement, and walked into the holding room early and took a seat in the far corner. then i realized it was kind of reserved for reagan supporters and family and friends because they began to line the walls, including jimmy and gloria stuart. nancy came in and she was on autopilot as she made her way around that wall of friends and supporters, giving each a kiss and a word or two did it dawned on me that she was going to get to me. i am the outlier at that point, i'm a reporter from the press. she got to me and she leaned back and i quickly said, mrs. reagan, whatever it is i have, it is not catching. she laughed heartily, leaned over, and gave me a kiss. that was the beginning of a

remarkable friendship between the first lady and a reporter. it was also a time when i began to appreciate just how much she meant to the man who became the president of the united dates, not just as his wife, but as his best political advisor, as jim baker and others have pointed out. as we all saw in those photographs and videos, she could be the adoring wife in public, but behind the scenes was a politically astute analyst and the keeper of the flame. we stayed in close touch but it was not always easy. shortly after his inauguration as president, i made some public comments about his early years in which i said i thought the poor boy there and it was somewhat overblown. after all, he had been a successful broadcaster in his 20's and then a movie star under

contract before he was 30. nancy was furious, and the word came from jim baker and others, stay clear of the white house for a while. we will let you know when it is safe to go back. [laughter] about two months later, meredith and i were invited to a state dinner and i was told that i would have to think about what i arrived in the receiving line. don't say anything to the president, he doesn't care, but nancy is still steaming. there does was nervous -- meredith was nervous because i had not come up with anything to say. finally, i stood before her, and i saw hinder her eyes that steely glaze from people who did not please her. and i saw -- spontaneously said, nancy, back to square one. she looked at me and broke out laughing and said, back to square one. the next day, a white house photograph of that moment arrived with the inscription, tom, back to square one, love,

nancy. that was such a telling moment of how astute she was as a political wife, as someone who knew about personal relationships, how to get her message across, and then quickly move on. we all saw those other moments when she was utterly in command. jim has her for to that awful day when the president was shot. they did not know what his condition was. when the secret service told her that there was a shooting, the president was rushed to the hospital, she said i must go. they said we don't think that is a good idea. she said right away, you get me a car or i will want to the hospital. the president and i shared a birthday. over the years, it became an occasion to share phone calls and notes, especially between mrs. reagan and me.

when the president was going through his ordeal after leaving the white house, our calls became more regular, and i could hear her loneliness, and on one of the calls i suggested the next time i'm in california, we should have lunch, and maybe we should invite our mutual friend warren beatty. no, tom, she said, it is enough to have lunch with you. i'm told the next day when the phone call arrived and it was nancy saying, do you think ward might like to have lunch with us -- warren might want to have lunch with us? [laughter] and the luncheon companion star power when of many multiples. there is nothing like walking into a los angeles dining room with mrs. reagan on your arm. brokaw and beatty were also quickly in the publications. we treasure those lunches because she always arrived with mr. political observations and the best gossip from both coasts. metaphorically, there was a lunch for me.

it was my duty to name them, president and mrs. bush, president and mrs. bush, president carter, and vice president dick cheney, president and mrs. clinton. i finished my remarks, walked about, sat beside meredith and said to me, you did not mention nancy. i said, she is not here. she said, yes, she is, she is hidden behind the column. i had not seen her, so i'm eagerly called ever speech will friend stu spencer who answered by saying, what were you thinking, brokaw? stu, do you think she noticed? [laughter] are you kidding? here is her mobile number. call her right now, which i did. i took my medicine from an aggrieved friend for the next 15 minutes, until she accepted my explanation, and then it was back to square one again, and

the way i got out of it was, she had been given a terrible seat, i agreed. what i so admired about nancy was that ability to do just that. she knew how to protect her husband and her president, but also her own place, to stand her ground, and once it had been resolved and move on. that was never more evident on the many occasions when i spoke here at the library. we meet in a holding room downstairs to catch up on the latest gossip, what was going on in our personal lives, and then after everyone had been seated, after she was confined to a wheelchair especially, i would help get her to her feet, then we would take her to an entryway that had been curtained off, and beyond the entry way could hear the music began to swell, and off stage announcer in toning, ladies and gentlemen, the former

first lady of the united states nancy reagan, and her guest tom brokaw. i would escort her into the auditorium and into the front row and seizure the side tom selleck, her friend, and then give my lecture. the last time we were there together, i received an enthusiastic response from the audience. but i wanted to be sure nancy approved, so i leaned over to her seat as the applause continued and said, i hope that was ok. she whispered back to me, tom, give me a little kiss, they are going to love that. [laughter] and so, i did, and so they did. our shared editor of random house reminded me that when we lost nancy last weekend, it would have been the 68th anniversary of their marriage, ronnie and nancy.

so god bless nancy, mrs. ronald reagan, first lady, and the unlikely friend of a reporter. thank you, nancy. >> in the month before my father died, my mother repeated often that she had to be there at his last moment. her determination was ferocious. she simply had to be at his side when he left this world. i said the only thing i could think of, and what i thought my father would say, was that it was in god's hands.

she was there, and occasionally i thought, even god might not have the guts to argue with nancy reagan. as her own health declined, she was quite adamant and vocal about reuniting with my father on the other side after her passing. i am hoping for god's peace of mind, that she got her wish. my parents were two halves of a circle, closed tight around a world in which their love for each other was the only substance they needed. while they might venture out and include others in their orbit, no one truly crossed the boundary into the space they held as there's. i saw this exquisitely portrayed in front of me one summer evening when i was a teenager. we used to rent a beach house for a few weeks in the summer. on this evening with a vivid sunsets streaked across the sky, i looked out and saw my parents

sitting on the sand, close together, heads tilted in conversation. there was so much of vastness around them, the blue pacific, the orange and pink sky, miles of white sand, and then there was the circle of their own private world, as clear as if it had been traced around them, indestructible, impenetrable, and island for two. i knew i would carry that image for the rest of my life. when my father was shot and my mother rushed to the hospital, they at first would not let her see him. i have to, she said. you don't understand how it is with us. the moment before my father died, he opened his eyes, which had been closed for days, and he looked straight at my mother. the circle was drawn again as he left this world. in the weeks after he died, my

mother thought she heard his first that's coming down the hall late at night. she said he would appear to her long after midnight, sitting on the edge of the bed. i don't know anything about the possible passages between this world and the next, but i do know her faith in these visits eased some of her loneliness. they made her feel that he was close by. on one occasion, i am quite certain that she was channeling my father. i had gone up to her house and found her very busy making phone calls to elected officials, trying to gain their support for stem cell legislation, something she was quite passionate about. she ended one phone call and gave me a somber look. well, she said, in a calm tone, sounding much more like my father than herself, karl rove is dogging my phone calls. everyone i call, he calls right after and try to get them to oppose stem cell legislation.

right after, i asked, are you sure your phone is not bound -- bugged? no, i had a secret service check on that. [laughter] you must be furious, i told her, puzzled by the fact that she did not seem furious at all. she shook her head, no, and her entire demeanor was not only calm but practically zen. even people who never knew my mother will know that the word is and has never been applied to nancy reagan. but that is what i saw. there is no time to get upset, she said, there is work to be done, i cannot get distracted. i have to keep moving forward. i admit, i did say, who are you, and what have you done with my mother? [laughter] overtime, which he referred to as late-night visit from my father deceased, she no longer

hurt his footsteps in the hall, but she never stopped missing him. she tells me wants the reason she had a television on all the time was because it filled the house with sound and made her feel less lonely. another remedy for her loneliness was to fill the empty spaces with stories and memories. a few days before she died, i reminded her of something that happened many decades ago when we lived in pacific palisades. my father used to get assange is from a large eastern european men who would come to the house and set up his massage table in my parents dressing room. on one of these days, as my father lay face down on a table, my mother tiptoed in, kissed him lightly on the back of his neck, and tiptoed out. [laughter] he did not know it was her. [laughter]

but he went through the rest of the massage. [laughter] never said a word, and after the missouri left, he said to my mother, i don't think we can have him back anymore. [laughter] why, she asked, what happened? well, he kissed me. when she told him it was her recovery he was flooded with relief, and said, thank god, i did not know what to do. my mother's laughter in remembering that day was unbeknownst to me, would turn out to be the last time i would hear her laugh. it is no secret that my mother and i had a challenging and often contentious relationship.

when i was a child, i imagined having warm, comfortable conversations with her, the kind of conversations that feel like lamplight. the reality was far different. i tried her patients, and she intimidated me. we were never mild with one another, whether we were distant and angry, or bonded and close. our emotions burned up the color chart. but there were moments in our history when all that was going on between us was love. i choose to remember those moments. i choose to remember the mother who held together the back of her young daughter's head after she fell at a friends house and cracked her skull open on the fireplace hearth. she drove with one hand and held my head with the other, talking soothingly to me and trying to conceal the fear in her eyes.

watching her was hypnotic. it made my head hurt less. i choose to remember my mother, framed by the window of a new york hotel room as i told her that i have been involved in a complicated relationship for two years and has now been cruelly tossed aside. i was 19. i felt older and more wounded than any 19-year-old should feel. i needed a mother, and i came to mine, holding out a fragile hope that she would keep me from crumbling beyond all recognition. she did. she did not judge me, she was not punishing or accusatory. she was tender and understanding and loving. i choose to remember walking with her along the beach. somehow, the ocean always calms the air between us and allows us to be easy with each other. most of all, i will remember looking out the window to the sweep of sunset and seeing my parents sitting together on the sand, maybe on the other side there are other shores and

internally brilliant sunsets. maybe it's possible to sit there forever, undisturbed, two souls happily entwined in eating only each other. robert sexton wrote, across the years, i will walk with you. indeed green forests, on short sands, and when our time on earth is through, in heaven, too, you will have my hand. i hope for my parents those parents don't live only in the poets imagination, but are a map to what they both long for and believed in in the world beyond this one. >> i love that story about the masseur.

laying on the table, laying there, just waiting for this man to do something else. what must have been going through his mind? [laughter] i guess i'm batting cleanup here, so on behalf of my family, thank you all for coming here. we really appreciate it. my sister patty and i who suddenly find ourselves orphaned, really appreciate being surrounded by so much love and kindness. to jim, tom, everybody else who spoke, their kind words, appreciate that very much. and to the folks at the library here who put this whole thing on. what a terrific job they have done. we so much appreciate that, too. she did love a party, and she would want this to be a party. this is not a tragedy, this is a

celebration. i hope you had a chance to have a look around here. some of you, of course, have been here many times before. i hope you realize, none of this would have been possible without nancy reagan. i do not mean that she was active in fund raising, building the library -- of course, she was. what i mean to say is there would be no ronald reagan presidential library without a president ronald reagan, and there likely would not have been a president ronald reagan, without a nancy reagan. of course, it may not have happened that way, if she was not made of such stern stuff, she may not have made it all the way to being mrs. ronald reagan. my dad played hard to get a little bit when they were dating, way back when. he had already purchased a ranch not too far from here in malibu, and he loved to go there and

ride his horses and buck hey, generally get dirty and sweaty outdoors. not the kind of thing that she is really crazy about, my mother. but she was a good sport, and she wanted to participate in this. if he loved his ranch, well, she was going to love the ranch, too. they would go out there, and she would wonder how she could help. this ranch in malibu, about 700 acres, had a long driveway that led to the house, about a half mile, fences on both sides. so they would go out there and hang out, the ranchers, but she wanted to help, as i said, so she asked him, what can i do to help? did i mention that the fences lining that half mile driveway were unpainted?

so he handed her a bucket of paint and a brush, and my mother painted a miles worth of fence. every post, every plank, both sides. once. [laughter] in that paint job lasted for the duration. now, my father was confident, but he was not an arrogant man at all. it takes a great deal of the to run for president of the united states or even governor of california, for that matter. and her absolute believe in him gave him that chutzpah to run for office. my mother provide encouragement. she guided him, provided a refuge into which he could repair to gather his strength, she guarded his privacy, she protected him. both possessed great individual

talents, but as a couple, they were more than the sum of their parts, and it would be a mistake, by the way, to consider her somehow subordinate to him, just because he was the one usually taking center stage. they were co-equals. they complement and one another. individually, they may have gone far, but together, they could, and did go anywhere. my father was inclined to believe that everyone was basically good, and that certainly, anyone who worked for him was pure of heart and could never be nursing a private agenda. my mother did not share that inclination. [laughter] and she did not have that luxury. in my mother's world, you are either helpful to her husband, or you were not. i think we all know which side

of the equation you would want to be on. since we are among friends, i think we can admit, she was not always the easiest person to deal with. she could be difficult, demanding, she could be a bit obsessive, truly, a royal pain in the ask, when she wanted to be. but usually only so that my father did not have to be. you did not want to get on mom's bad side. particularly by hurting her husband. if you did that, you had earned yourself and implacable foe. if you happen to run into the ghost of don regan sometime, just ask him. on the other hand, yucatan as for a more loyal or dedicated friend. just ask joan rivers, should you run into her in the hereafter. when jones husband died, she was on the east coast, and joan could not get the corner to

release the body, so he could come home to the west coast. joan is a comedian, she did not know who to call. who do you call to pull strings like this? she was acquainted with my mother, but they were not great friends yet. nevertheless, she bucked up her courage and called the white house and got my mother on the phone. joan's husband's body was on the next plane out of town to the west coast, and joan became my mother's body for the rest of her life -- buddy for the rest of her life. i see the faces of many friends here today, people that have known and loved my mother for years. but most of my mother's bodies are gone now. she is among the last of her cohort, the old gang, her generation, and now she is truly with them. if my mother had one, great talent, it was that she knew how to love, and she loved one man more than the world.

in her later years after my father had gone, she used to ask me, whether i thought she would be with him again when she died. i'm not a believer in the supernatural, but i always assured her, wherever that had gone, she was surely going to go there, too. we should all be so lucky to stand up where we have always wanted to be, and today my mother comes to rest on this lovely hilltop with its far-reaching views, next to her beloved ronald reagan library, and by the way, from here, she will be able to keep an eye on things. just saying. no slacking. how long will it be before tales begin to emerge with a petite chanel spirit roaming the galleries and the halls? just checking to make sure that things are running smoothly. but most importantly, she will

once again lay down beside the man who was the love of her life, the one that she loved until the end of her days. they watched the sun dropped over the hills over the west toward the sea as night falls, they would look across the valley. my father would tell her the lights below are the jewels for her. the moon and the stars will turn overhead, and here they will stay, as they always wished it to be, resting in each other's arms, only each other's arms, until the end of time.

♪ >> amazing grace! how sweet the sound,

that saved a wretch, like me! i once was lost, but now am found, was blind, but now i see. 'twas grace that taught my heart to fear, and grace my fears relieved, how precious did that grace appear the hour i first believed!

the lord hath promised good to me, his word my hope secures, he will my shield and portion be as long as life endures.

♪ when we've been there ten thousand years, bright shining as the sun, we've no less days to sing god's praise ♪ >> remain standing.

and glory, wee remember before you this day our sister nancy. we thank you for giving her to us, her family and friends to know and to love. faith to see in death the gates of eternal life so in quite confidence we may continue our course on earth until by your call we are reunited with those who have gone before. amen. would you please be seated. today we are exactly where we ought to be standing with this family and one another, before the mystery of life and death. farewellr prayers and to nancy davis reagan. the great 20th century rabbi washam joshua has you a once asked, what's the most important thing a religious

person can do? his answer was given in one word. remember. that is precisely what we do this day, this is what we do as religious people every time we gather. we hear again and again the stories of encountering god, ancient and cherished. asries that point to god inevitable mystery but still revealed to our fragile humanity. we remember god's saving love for the human family and in that act of remembering, the god of life and giver of every good gift is present to us. in these moments that i speak to you it is really for one purpose, to gather all the remembrances you have just heard, those you carry in your hearts, those of the people of our nation and the world, and to remind you where to place them before the living god, who gave nancy life from the first

and who now receives it back again. who is this god? raised up israel out of bondage in egypt, for filling ancient promises, and who raised up jesus from the dead. the god in whose presence we gather today. who wants to lift up the poor, the vulnerable, and all on the margins of life. who wants you to know that in every circumstance of life the you are beloved, precious, sacred just because you are you. this is a god who loves who traffics in life and death, and is encountered in

every dimension of life beautiful and complex. nancy knew of this. she knew it because she lived it. in november 2014, i was invited to meet mrs. reagan at her home. there were four of us, mrs. reagan, and two of her dear friends. we entered her bedroom where mrs. reagan, dressed comfortably and with a quiet elegance, was partly reclined on her bed. we were there over an hour and mostly listened as the three of them told stories from the white house. turning to the photographs on her bedside, he asked about some of them. one by one she looked at them and spoke of places and events over long years. finally i picked up the one closest to her. it was worn increased, overrun

in its simple plastic frame. what about this one, mrs. reagan? she held it in silence, and turning to me she said, this one is my favorite. the photo was of president reagan, who had begun his dissent into alzheimer's. he too was mostly reclined. abovewas hovering just him, their faces very near one another, nose to nose, eyes to eyes. it showed a deep and tender intimacy, even through the fog of his illness, of all the photos, this was her favorite. she kept looking at it, seemingly transported to another place. i said, mrs. reagan, that's a living out the promises of your marriage and fidelity and love.

said a brief silence, she yes, it is, and handed it back to be placed on the table nearest to her. so it henry van dyke has written, time is too slow for those who wait, two of swift for those who fear, too long for those who breathe, too short for those who rejoice. but for those who love, time is attorney. she and her beloved ronnie shared a great love, a very great love that is legendary and could instruct us all. eternityhe knows that is so much more than time. it is about fulfillment and completion. reunion,ant for nancy,

as she is joined with her beloved ronnie. as we give thanks for the life of nancy reagan, i want to speak of and even greater love. christianse know as in the life, death, and resurrection of jesus christ, climaxing at that first easter. each gospel tells of it differently, ironically undergirding the velocity and providing a stereoscopic view of the truth, unparalleled in all of literature and life. the events of holy week leading to jesus' death sent his closest disciples into fearful hiding and finally brought strong women to his tomb in the dark of that first easter don. acted, a cosmos of divinexplosion

lights and life was released, surging at god's command, breaking the three day canopy of silence. there jesus rises from death to new life, and all creation rises with him in a newly beheld radiance that is without analogy in the risen christ, death is defeated, vanquished forever. that you and is might share in his resurrection. with true, we are raised him, as is nancy, who now stands on another sure and in a greater light with that multitude of saints. in the last visit with mrs. reagan, i asked at the end to be alone with her. , andoke for a few moments

then we prayed, giving thanks for life, for the love that god had brought to us, and for strength and grace for the days ahead. now, we all read things, but i have made a life out of trying to read human hearts. in those last moments with nancy, she was at peace. as if she was already leaning into heaven. and now, she has fallen asleep, and awakened in the heart of god. now she knows intimately of what the 17th century anglican priest and poet john dunn wrote in these closing words. bring us, oh lord, god, at our

last awakening, into the household and gate of heaven, to enter into that gate and well in that house where there shall be no darkness nor dazzling, but one equal light. no noise, nor silence. but one equal music. no fears, nor hopes, but one equal possession. no ends nor beginnings. but one, equal in eternity. in the habitation of that glory and dominion, a world without end, amen. nancy, dear, nancy. may you gaze upon our lord, face to face, may angels surround you, and saints welcome you in peace, and may your heart and

soul now ring out in joy to the living god, in whose presence you are held, forever. amen. now let us all join together. our father, who art in heaven, hallowed be thy name, thy kingdom come, thy will be done, on earth as it is in heaven, give us this day our daily bread, and forgive us our trespassers as we forgive those who trespass against us, and lead us not into temptation, but deliver us from evil, for thine is the kingdom and the power, and the glory. in peace, we pray to you, lord god.

almighty god who has been together thine elect in one community and fellowship in the mystical body of your son christ our lord. on earth, thy light and thy pe ace. granted all who had been baptized into christ death and resurrection and to rise to newness in life that through the grave and gate of death we may pass with him to our joyful resurrection. grant to us still who are in our earthly pilgrimage and who walk by faith that thy holy spirit may lead us in holiness and righteousness all our days. grant thy faithful people part -- pardon and peace that we may be cleansed from all our sins and serve thee with a quiet mind. grant to all who mourn a short confidence in thy fatherly care that casting on their grief on thee, they may know the consolation of thy love.

give courage and faith to those who are bereaved, that they may have strength to meet the days ahead and the comfort of a reasonable and holy hope, in the joyful expectation of eternal life with those they love. help us, we pray, in the midst of things we cannot understand, to believe and trust in the communion of saints, the forgiveness of sins, the resurrection to life everlasting. grant us grace to entrust nancy to thy never failing love, receive her into the arms of thy mercy and remember her according to the favor which thou now bearest onto thy people. granted increasing knowledge and love of the she may go from strength to strength and the light of perfect service in the heavenly kingdom. grant us with all who live and die with the hope of the resurrection to have our consummation endless in thy eternal and everlasting glory and with all thy saints to receive the crown of life which

thou does promise to all share in the victory of thy son jesus reigneth liveth and with one god, for ever and ever. would you please rise for the commendation. give rest, o christ, to thy servant with thy saints, where sorrow and pain are no more, neither sighing but life everlasting, not only are thou mortal of the creator and maker of mankind and we are multiple forms of the earth and onto earth shalt thou return.

dust, yet evenhe at the grave we make our song, hallelujah, hallelujah. give rest, oh christ to thy servant with by saint, for sorrow and pain are no more, neither sighing but life. into thy hands, merciful savior, we commend thy child and servant nancy. acknowledge, we humbly beseech thee, sheep of thine own fold, a lamb of thine own flock, a sinner of thine own redeeming, receive her into the arms of thy mercy, into the blessed rest of everlasting peace, and into the glorious company of the saints in light, amen. the blessing of god almighty, the father, the son, and the holy spirit be upon you and to you, on this day and evermore.

amen.

♪

[bagpipes playing "amazing

grace"]

>> all the father gives to me shall come to me. he that raised up jesus from the dead will also give life to our mortal bodies by his spirit that dwells within us. wherefore my heart is glad and my spirit rejoices, my flesh also rest in hope. thou shalt show me the path of life. at the right hand, there is pleasure for evermore. through our lord jesus christ, we commend to our almighty god

our sister nancy and commit her body to the ground, earth to earth, ashes to ashes, dust to dust. the lord bless her and keep her, the lord make his face to shine upon her and be gracious unto her. the lord lift up his countenance upon her and give her peace, amen. rest internal grant to her, o lord, let light officially shine upon her. may her soul and all the souls of the faithful departed to the mercy of god rest in peace. amen. now may the god of peace and our lord jesus christ, make you perfect in every good work to do his will, working in you that which is well pleasing in his sight and the blessing of god almighty, the father, the son, and the holy spirit, be upon you

and all beloved to you this day and forevermore, amen. ♪ >> ♪ god bless america land that i love stand beside her and guide her through the night with the light from above from the mountains to the prairies to the ocean white with foam god bless america home, sweet home ♪

>> ladies and gentlemen all , guests are invited to pay their respects at the interment site and then join for a luncheon reception in the air force one pavilion. thank you.

♪ ♪ ♪

obama: this week we

lost an american icon and one of the most influential figures of her time, former first lady nancy reagan. or in a new york city and raised mostly in chicago, nancy davis graduated from smith college in 1943. as an actress, she appeared in 11 films. offscreen she starred in a real-life hollywood romance with the love of her life, ronald reagan. who she married in 1952. as president, i know how important it is to have a strong life partner. resident reagan was as lucky as i am. nancy reagan redefined the role of first lady of the united states. in addition to serving as a trusted advisor to her husband and elegant hostess to our nation, she was a passionate advocate for issues that touch the lives of so many. she raised awareness about drug and alcohol abuse. she was a star supporter of america's veterans. with breastn battle cancer and a mastectomy, she spoke in personal terms about

the need for women to get mammograms. the american people were deeply moved by the love nancy felt for her husband. we were inspired by how in the long goodbye, nancy became a voice on behalf of millions of families experiencing the depleting, aching reality of alzheimer's disease. she brought her characteristic intelligence and focused to the twin causes of stem cell research and alzheimer's research. when i signed and ordered federal stem cell research, i was proud she was one of the first phone calls i made. nobody understood better than nancy reagan the importance of pursuing treatments that hold the potential and promise to improve and save lives. year myhy last administration announced the precision medicine initiative to advance our ability to tailor health care and treat diseases like cancer and alzheimer's they accounting for individual differences in people's genes, environments, and lifestyles. last month we took new actions

to foster more collaboration between researchers, doctors, patients, data systems and beyond, to accelerate medicine. organizations stepped up with new commitments in this cutting-edge field. also launched the brain initiative to revolutionize our understanding of how the human brain works. thanks to the tireless efforts of people like nancy reagan, i've never been more optimistic that we are getting closer to the day when every single patient should get the care they need and deserve. i have never been up -- more optimistic that we will one day find a cure for devastating diseases like alzheimer's. i can think of no better way to honor our former first lady's legacy than by working together as one nation toward that goal. thanks, everybody. >> about an hour from now we will take you to florida, where senator marco rubio is campaigning today. the will be holding a rally expected to get underway at 3:00 p.m. eastern. life coverage here on c-span.

later today, texas senators said cruz makes a stop in concorde, north carolina. he will be part of an event that includes carly fiorina and radio talkshow host glenn beck. we will take you there about 4:00 p.m. eastern. new candidates are competing for delegates in five states this tuesday, north carolina and florida among them. on the sunday talk shows this morning we heard candidates talk more about the tone of this campaign and recent increase in violence at those events. >> this is an ongoing thing. every day something new comes up, and i try not to escalate. you don't want to make something bigger than it really is. in the last five days we have had stories about a guy getting soccer punched at a trump rally. employeea campaign allegedly assaulted a reporter at an event. every day something new. there comes a point where there

is a tipping point. you look at it and say enough is enough. at the end of the day we should all examine our behavior over the past year. we should all examine whether we have been quick enough, and that includes media. right toters have no engage in violence, they have no right to threaten violence. these protesters, whether it is black lives matter or bernie's protesters, coming down trying to shout down any speaker, that's not free speech. the first amendment gives you a right to speak, but it does not give you a right to silence others. protesters are behaving abusively and wrong. responsibility starts at the top. it is not beneficial when you have a presidential candidate like donald trump telling his supporters, punch that guy in the face. >> when i say things like guidelines to punch him, this was a person who was absolutely violent and was like a crazed individual.

i don't even call them protesters, i call them disruptors. a lot of them come from bernie sanders, whether he wants to say it or not. sanders signs all over the place and they are made by the same people that make the regular bernie sanders signs. we have great rallies. we have by far the biggest rallies. out of that you have had very little problem. it would have been easier for me to go and make the speech. you had professional disruptors, thousands of them, from sanders and to a smaller extent, hillary. you have sanders disruptors going over there. you had a lot of people there that i don't think is so good to be there, and now tell you why. i've gotten a lot of credit for it, not from cnn. i watched john king this morning. i was amazed at that show.

it was like a total kill. i've gotten a lot of credit from other networks, not from cnn, for the fact that i canceled and postponed the other day in chicago. up, we would have had -- my supporters have tremendous love of this country. we are tired of our country being ripped off by everybody. a lot of people would have gotten hurt or worse. day,e sanders: day after his rhetoric is inciting violence. we have seen video of some of his supporters responding to that rhetoric by kicking people, sucker punching them. we have seen recently charges leveled against his own campaign manager for assaulting a female reporter. there's a lot of feelings about violence coming from trump's campaign. i very much hope that he understands that in the democracy, people should be

allowed to go to anybody's rally, peacefully demonstrate without fear of being beaten up. i hope he tones it down. >> do you encourage some of your protesters, some of your supporters are going to these rallies? we do encourage them to keep doing that? not tosanders: no, disrupt rallies. i won't shock you by saying that donald trump lies a whole lot. he calls me a communist. that's a lie, to suggest i would campaign telling people to disrupt his campaign is a lie. we don't. we have millions of supporters and some of them will do what they do, but our campaign has never organized any effort to disrupt mr. trumps rallies or anyone else's rallies. that's not what we do. oncampaign 2016 continues tuesday.

let coverage begins at 7:00 p.m. eastern. taking you on the road to the white house on c-span, c-span radio, and www.c-span.org. camhis year's student documentary competition was our largest yet. nearly 6000 middle and high school students took part. we received nearly 2900 entries even from schools as far away as taiwan and the united arab emirates. now it's time to award $100,000 in prize money to our winners. for this year's contest, students were asked to produce documentaries using our road to the white house theme, specifically to document what issue they most wanted the candidates to discuss during the 2016 presidential campaign. economy, a,d us the education, and immigration were all top issues. our judges have finalized their

decisions for one grand prize winner and four first-place winners. and 150 prizes in all. there is one fan favorite selected by you. now we are happy to announce our top prize winners. our grand prize winner is a 10th grader from jenks high school in jenks, oklahoma. her winning documentary addresses the federal debt. the united states is $18.153 trillion in debt. itsdid america get up to neck in debt? the first of these is discretionary spending, which in 2015 received $1.1 trillion. the second section is mandatory spending, $2.45 trillion.

lastly, there is interest on the federal debt, $229 billion. >> as our grand prize winner, wins $5,000 for her documentary, and the c-span bus will travel to her school so we can present her with a check for the grand prize. mia and ava lazar's documentary is called "what should be done about money in politics?" the way that politicians try to get elected. politicians spend millions of dollars on their campaign. every day that congress is in session, there are fundraisers all over the country. in 2012, the presidential election cost $2.6 billion. you can't help but wonder where does all this money come from. >> the first five winners of our high school central category are 12th-graders.

they all attend troy high school in troy, michigan. the documentary is entitled "the 1%." are drowningicans in overly debated issues such as immigration, medicare, terrorism, leaked e-mails. although these are important topics, the issue that will affect the most americans is the issue of the 1%. >> 1%. >> 1%. >> 1%. >> no, not that 1%. this 1%. the shining blue jewel of the united states, the great lakes. >> truly one of the unique resources in the world. cam first tries winners from our high school west category are 12th-graders who attendgrader, metropolitan arts institute in phoenix.

>> the prison systems around the united states have changed radically in the last 20 to 30 years. arizona.we address 20 years ago, our prison population was about 20,000 people. now our state prison system is over 40. the composition of the prison population has also dramatically changed. >> finally, our fan favorite was selected through your online voting. we are happy to announce that the winners will receive an additional $500. our first prize winners for high school category are 10th-graders. from montgomery blair high school in silver spring, maryland. the documentary tackles highway and bridge funding.

>> americans love moving around. we love fast cars, big trucks, road trips, horsepower, and 70 mile per hour speed limits. we drive further and have more cars than any other country in the world. we tend to take what we drive on for granted great america's 2 million miles of roads and >> thanks to all of the students and teachers who competed this year and congratulations to all of our winners. the top anyone winning entries will air on steve -- on c-span starting in april. all the entries are available online at student cam.org. >> donald trump held a campaign rally yesterday just outside of dayton ohio. he talked about trade and combating isis and address the cancellation of the chicago event his campaign had planned due to security

concerns. ohio is one of five states holding its campaign on tuesday. this is one hour. ♪ ♪

♪ [crowd cheers] ♪ ♪ [crowd cheers]

mr. trump: the best. the best. number one in his position. thank you all very much. [crowd cheering] what a good guy. i love ohio. i worked in ohio, i love cincinnati. i had a great experience early on. i bought it with my father and it worked out well. i ran the job myself. i was very young. i bought it for this and i sold it for this. it is like getting a home run your first time at bat. i always have a great feeling for ohio. the people are amazing people. [crowd cheers]

mr. trump: i don't know if the media is getting this. we have a full hanger. this is a big hangar. we figured the crowd would be ok. we have so many thousands of people extra we had to put them in the runway. they never want to capture that. it is fantastic. let's address it. i love you too. amazing. this is amazing. let's address yesterday. so, look.

we had a tremendous rally in chicago planned. 25,000 people. the arena was seeding 11,000. we registered more than 25,000. [crowd cheers] that's ok. you are loyal but that's ok. it was very interesting. these were great people like yourselves. people that want to make america great again. that is all it is. they were pouring into the arena. all of a sudden a planned attack came out of nowhere by people that were professional people. they are all printed. they have a marco who made them. all done via a group. all professionally done. a disgrace if you want to know the truth.

we were able to let a lot of them know don't go. we would have had a problem like you would not have the. they would have wiped them out and that would not have been good. we made a decision. i hated to do this. it would have been easier to go. i didn't want to see anybody hurt. we have people that are so amazing, it is not necessarily loyal to me, it is loyal to the country. [cheers] the usa is right. they are loyal to the country. they want great security. they want great military. they want a border. they want a wall. [cheers]

>> [crowd chanting] build that wall, build that wall, build that wall! mr. trump: we are going to build the wall folks. don't worry. who is going to pay for the wall? >> [crowd] mexico! mr. trump: do we have a good time? i watched -- i shouldn't say it. i watched little marco and lyi'' ted cruz. he holds up that bible then he puts it down and lies. even rubio says he is a liar. i have the evangelical vote.

i've had great support from jerry falwell junior, sarah palin. we have such unbelievable support. i have the evangelical vote. i won in south carolina. he was supposed to win in south carolina. we got the evangelicals. they don't like liars. [applause] so, anyway. just as i'm watching this, they said at our rallies we would never have anything like that. they don't have any people at their rallies folks. [laughter] [applause] they had this hangar, they would have people in that corner office. and don't call it a town hall meeting. they say town hall meetings.

why don't you have more town hall meetings. because i have too many people. anyway. [applause] i would like to have a couple of town hall meetings but we would have to turn away how many people? 44,000? so, what happened yesterday was incredible. we dealt with law enforcement. we love our police. secret service, great, the whole group. it was determined if we go in it could cause bad vibes. they want me to tell my people please be nice. my people are nice. the people who came their personae's. the people that were there, that were invited there, thousands and thousands, they caused no problems.

they were taunted and harassed by these people, some represented bernie, our communist fan. >> [crowd] boo. mr. trump: the reason there were no hillary people, they have no fervor. bernie should get up and say to his people stop. not me. they said mr. trump, he should get up this morning and tell his people to be nice. my people are nice. they are great. my people are great. my people are great. so here is the story. we get up and make the decision.

people in the audience were devastated. some of them got eight hours early. they are standing there for eight hours like you. raise your hand. we love you. don't worry. i will sign autographs. don't let them rip you away from that. anyways. what happens is everybody was fine and behaving. what they have done on the other side, moveon.org, one of these groups. these are bad people. these are people that don't want to see our country be great again. i am telling you that. we can get along with people. we are going to unify the country. our president has divided this country so badly. he has been -- the great

divider. when he got elected i said i don't think he is going to be a good president. who knows. i wished he were. i wish i didn't have to do this. but we have to. we have no choice. when you look at the iran deal, the horrible trade deals, our jobs are being sucked away. it is unbelievable what is happening. our military can't beat isis. it is being depleted. our veterans are being treated horribly. our border is a piece of swiss cheese, people come pouring across. let me tell you. at the top of that we have a divided country. we have black and white, and every other thing. everybody hates everybody. even in congress. you look at washington politicians, they hate each

other. the democrats hate the republicans. liberals hate the conservatives. we have got to change our thinking. if there is a group out there just throw them the hell out. [crowd cheers] [crowd chanting] mr. trump: we cannot let our first amendments -- we cannot let our first amendment rights be taken away from us. we can't let it happen. we have a right to speak. we are law abiding people. we are people who work very hard. we have built this country and made this country great.

and we are all together. we want to get along with everybody. when they have organized wiseguys, we have to fight back. [applause] mr. trump: do you have anybody? hello. i love the protesters. they will not show. the media is the most dishonest group of people i have ever met. they will say today donald trump had a small crowd, a smattering of people. they don't say it was so big it was bursting out of the biggest

hangar i have ever seen. they will say a small crowd or a representative crowd was there. we have these everywhere. we have a amazing people in this country. i'm so impressed with the people of our country. we are going to start making apple products in the united states. not in china. when the carrier air conditioner says they are leaving the united states, 1400 people because they are going to build in mexico, and nabisco is leaving chicago because they are one to build in mexico, not going to happen with me. we are going to keep our businesses here. [crowd cheers] mr. trump: let me talk about your governor. do you mind? i want to tell you. it's a boring subject but we

will talk about him anyway. he was the managing director of lehman brothers, one of the great catastrophes in the history of this world. almost brought down the world. john kasich was a managing director. he was there with the people making these horrible decisions. he voted for nafta and you forgot. [crowd booing] mr. trump: nafta has destroyed new england. you have fought for years and years. you will never recover completely from it. we are bringing those businesses back. so, putting the vote in my

opinion, anyone who puts their hand up for nafta, it wiped out states. it wiped out new england. it has taken years and years. you look at those factories. they are made into senior citizen housing. but we need jobs. our jobs are going to china, japan, mexico. our jobs are going to vietnam. we are losing our jobs, our manufacturing. we are losing no matter it is health care trade. think of it. do we have great military? but we have a problem. our military can't beat isis. we could knock them out in two days if we want to -- you know what i call it? we are the politically correct warriors.

we can't attack the oil because it's going to go into the environment and affect the carbon footprint. do you believe this? i have been saying for four years to hit the oil. i have been saying it for years. i also said it don't get into iraq, you are going to destabilize the middle east. i said, don't go into iraq. it turned out that in all fairness they did not have weapons of mass destruction's. i'm not saying i knew that. we have destabilized the middle east. all of the things that you see now, that was one of the worst decisions ever made. obama made it worse. [crowd booing] when he got out, instead of slowly getting out and not saying when keeping some soldiers. he announces a date. "we are going to be leaving by such and such a date."

the other side is looking at this, i can't believe you gave us the date. it must be some kind of a wiseguy move, right? it wasn't. he moved out that date. they'll just go back. he said, we are sending 50 soldiers in. and then you say, why can't we be unpredictable in war? these dishonest people say, what would you do about isis? i don't want to lay out my plans. i wanted to knock the crap out of the oil. [cheering] but i do want to say it, i want to surprise the enemy. i want a surprise, unpredictability. general douglas macarthur, i have great respect for him and general george patton. do you know what they are doing

now? they are sitting -- are spinning in their graves as we announce every single move. we announce a few months ago, we are sending us 50 soldiers. number one, that's not even a good announcement. these are very elite people, very talented. they right now have a target on the back because of the announcement. why not just send them in and keep your mouth shut and just relax? [crowd booing] [cheering] let me just go over couple things with kasich in we will be done. he is not the right guy to the president. he is not tough enough, he is not sharp enough. in my opinion, maybe he wins ohio, maybe he doesn't. [crowd booing] he's very weak on illegal immigration. he's totally in favor of amnesty, which you cannot be in favor of. look folks, either we have a country or we don't.

he is very weak on the immigration and he wants amnesty. he has wanted it always. as far as cars, everything that you have right now -- your industries that have not been taken out of ohio, here is what we have to do. we have to protect your coal industry, which is getting decimated. and we have to protect the steel industry. your governor is in favor of the transpacific partnership, which is a disaster. [crowd booing] i'm telling you it is a disaster. i was so strong in the debate on it. did i do well in that debate? [cheering] did i? you know, i actually like debating the other way better. but they all came to me, even my daughter ivanka, dad, you're the smartest one up there, but you have to act presidential. do you mind if i take off my coat? the weather is so beautiful.

[cheering] [chanting] mr. trump: ivanka said dad, you have to act presidential. but don't fall for it when they attack you. and i said to myself, here is the problem. you have little marco saying all sorts of things. which were not true, by the way. i was getting ready to grab him. when he was choking like a dog, i was getting ready to take that hand and hold him up. i thought he was going down with chris christie, who endorsed him, by the way. ben carson yesterday endorsed

me. [cheering] it's interesting, i got a call from a couple of great people, strong evangelicals. they said, we were teetering on you a little bit. we were sort of there, but maybe we weren't going to get there. as soon as ben carson endorsed you, we are there. we are with you 100%. your coal industry, all these industries are under siege. the epa, they are a disaster what they are doing. and what they are doing to ohio, more so than most, they are incomplete disaster. we're going to change things around. the transpacific partnership is going to destroy your auto industry in ohio. they are going to take it away from you, just like a bunch of babies. not going to happen if i am president, okay?

not gooing to happen. it is a horrible trade agreement, doesn't get any worse. you have 12 countries, all of whom want to rip our heart art. you have china, which is not a part of it, but wants to be a part of it at a later date. they are watching every move. the documents is 6-7000 pages long. it is too complicated and too vague. each country knows every word of that document. our congressmen and our senators have never even looked at it or read it. we don't know what the hell it says. we should not do it. the most important weapon that they have to kill our industry and to destroy us on trade is monetary manipulation. evaluation of their currencies. -- devaluation of their currencies. the greatest master is china. mexico is getting good at it. japan is a global professional. what they are doing with the yen

and what they are doing to us with cars is incredible. it has to stop. you go over to los angeles. you see those boats, the biggest ships you have ever seen loaded up with cars from japan. nascar, they endorsed trump. trump! [cheering] in many of the drivers, we have such great people up there, including the young hot rookie, chase elliott. and his father bill. a great group. they get it. they are really smart people. we have to keep our industry. your governor wants to do tpp. you have to take it away. he has to take that support away. ohio is a target of tpp. you will lose your auto industry entirely. you have to get it stopped. with all of that said, you have

a governor that honestly, if you didn't hit oil, ohio would be a disaster right now. you got lucky he was sitting on top of oil, folks. like saudi arabia got lucky. by the way, we protect saudi arabia. they are making $1 million a date, they pay us peanuts. like we are indentured servants. they pay us peanuts. they make $1 million a date. --$1 billion a day. now that the oil is down, you have big problems coming. in the u.s., you have the largest increase in a budget. 35-36% in the budget of ohio. you can't rely on oil because the price is so low. you better be careful. i have been seeing signs. ohio is in trouble because of the price of oil. made a lot of money with oil. you were lucky as hell. a lot of places are cutting, but they don't have the oil factor.

saudi arabia, if you look at all these countries -- nobody richer relatively than saudi arabia. they make $1 million a day. -- $1 billion a day. it cost you $1 million just to turn over a button on these ships. you turn on one of the engines, $1 million down the drain. we spent billions of dollars protecting wealthy countries. we are not a wealthy country. we own $19 trillion. -- we owe $19 trillion. our country is weak, soft, we have leadership that is pathetic. it has to change, folks. [cheering] this whole thing of torture -- nobody wants torture. but we are dealing with people

that are animals. people in the middle east that chop off heads, that drowned the people of the time in heavy steel cages. they drop them in the water, usually the ocean, wherever they can find, and drop them in the water. they hold them for one hour, then put them back all dead. then they put another 50 in. we are dealing with animals. the question was asked, they went to ted cruz on my left. by the way, i have been in the center of every debate from the beginning. [cheering] and i never did this before. i never debated before. i do get credit. one of the wiseguys said, you know the amazing thing about trump? he is not a politician. he has only done this for eight months and is killing everybody. [cheering] i like that. i still believe in competence over experience. and yet i have great experience.

i have been dealing on the other side of the equation for a long time. nobody knows politicians better than i do. nobody knows about all the things like taxes, which a are a disaster. but pacs and funding. i hate to say this, i was very establishment nine months ago. i dealt from that side. then i saw how stupid everybody was, the stupid decisions. i said, i'm going to become very antiestablishment, and i said i'm going to win. [cheering] and the establishment said, do you believe this, trump is running? he is so funding his campaign, he doesn't want our money. we can't control him, we have to fight him. [cheering] because i know it has to be done. just to finish on torture, i

love hopping around. some people said it's like a great chess game. they asked ted cruz a question on waterboarding. here are people that are in like medieval times. james foley was beginning, right? a wonderful young man. so many wonderful young people, a lot of christians. christians --everybody who gets in their way, chop off their heads. we can't allow that. in our world, we cannot allow that. we shouldn't have gone there, but now we have to stop it. now we have to knock the hell out of them. [cheering] ted cruz was right here on my left. he's a nice guy, except he lies so much. senator cruz, would you think about te