what he said was that president obama is mexican happy and should do more for afghan americans. -- african-americans. presidentt vote for a anybody -- presidentver have a who didn't look out for everybody. i thank you for letting me speak this morning. is in leland, mississippi. good morning, america. i want to express something to america and the world. you have african-americans who basically built this country. up to 90% of the workers at the civil war was driven off slave labor. forcefulnessthis

people and then -- forced from this people. there were too many blacks in the south. so they just imported there construction. and they gave their wealth to their cousins from europe and all across the world. labor, they want the next level of slavery is free labor. host: in today's age, who is they? caller: in today's age, it is corporate america. it's all about getting cheap labor. it's not like there a race or color like it was when -- with slavery. it is all about finding cheap labor. when you talk about a system like this, it's all about exploiting the little man. that's what this country is built on. it's all about exploding someone was lesser than you and less

rights, less freedom. that's what this immigration is all about. the president is more concerned about immigrants, people who haven't contributed anything to this country than my people who have dripped blood, sweat and tears. we have no culture, language. we are treated like a stray dog in this world. everyone has a homeland but us. america is not trying to fix it because they are capitalizing off it. they've been capitalizing since day one. host: we are taking your phone calls as we said. phone line set up a bit differently. want to show you some recent research from the pew research center. their fact tank column with notes about the partisan gap that exists when it comes to immigrants. the chart showing the percentage of people who say immigrants say strengthen the country because of hard work and talent. you can see the partisan line on that.

it shows the blue line is thatrats feel that way immigrants strengthen the country because of their hard work and talent. that is the going up significantly since 2006. republicans who feel that way, that number pretty much staying the same or just taking up very slightly over the past 20 years. the pew research center goes on to talk 11 numbers and history. republicans and democrats views on immigrants tracked one other closely. beginning around 2006, they began to diverge. in october that year, the partisan gap between republicans and democrats are 215 percentage points. the share of democrats and democrats leaning independents say in the -- immigrants strengthen the country increased from 49% then to 78% now. republicans and republican leaders have shown little change. we will get through some of the

numbers today as well. those in particular important because this case today expected to have such implications for the fall election coming in the myths of a method -- federal election year. what did your thoughts on all these issues and about this case that's happening expected to begin around 10:00 today. we will begin the live shots and interviews from the supreme court, but also want to hear your phone calls. mary lou is in connecticut on that line for all others. good morning. caller: good morning. governmente mexican doing in mexico city? do they not care about their citizens at all? what is the matter with that country? they have people running over the border, killing themselves, sending kids, babies over that border and they don't give a

darn. why doesn't obama and the president of mexico get together and have some kind of a policy. worldther country in this that is a peaceful country that is not at war let their people run amok like this? do they not care about their citizens? mexico notsident of a mexican? host: mary lou, wanted to stick around for doris meisner's appearance at 8:00. here's a little more from the pew research center specifically about the apprehension of mexican migrants at the u.s. border. the pew research center finding that those apprehensions are at historic lows. you can see the chart from the 1960 showing spikes. with the drug cartels

and people running across the border, and looks like that government doesn't give a darn about their people. i don't understand how a country in this -- in today's world can operate like that. that is my comment, thank you very much. host: one of those charts to show you from the pew research --ter, mexican emigrate emigration rates and where they've been in most recent years in the five most recent years, they have held fairly stable. were 11.7 million mexican immigrants united states in 2014 , the pew research center notes that it's down from a peak of 12.8 million in 2007. this is based on u.s. census data. the number of unauthorized immigrants from mexico is down by about one million over the same time. from a peak of 6.9 million in 2007 to 5.6 million in 2014.

we will get into the data more. just wanted to show you that. as i said, our phone lines are set up a bit differently. if you are a recent legal immigrant the united states (202) 748-8000. if you are an illegal immigrant, someone who might be impacted by the executive actions that are at the heart of this supreme court case that's happening today, the oral arguments are being heard today, the phone number for you is (202) 748-8001 . all others can call in at (202) 748-8002. a few columns about this, this from the wall street journal editorial board. i am president, i am not king is the headline of their lead editorial. obama's lawless immigration order. the report noting the obama administration claims this executive action and order the issued in 2014 is nothing more than a routine exercise of prosecutorial discretion in how they handle the job of

deportation and figuring out who to deport and how to handle that population. the wall street journal editorial board are saying if the president can use enforcement distraction to to president the next may use that to lower the or say gains rate environmental regulations could be ignored through a similar track. this should deeply troubled the liberal justices as much of the conservatives. this case gives them an opportunity to reset the political system for the post obama era. his lawless integration of the executive and legislative functions deserve a rebuke before the traffic -- practice becomes a permanent feature of u.s. politics. you can check that this morning in the wall street journal. note for youumn to on the other side of the argument here is from richard lugar in today's new york times. richard lugar is the former

senator of the united states, a former republican senator. the headline on his piece, the law is on obama side. writes, texas claims the president's executive decision lacks legal sanctions by congress and had -- that would injure the state. whether or not you like president obama's actions, he is operated under long-standing provisions of law that gives the its interbranch discretion in enforcement. presidential prerogative has been in recognized expressly by the supreme court. the nature of immigration enforcement and the resources or lack thereof appropriated by is it exactly to have the president has made. immigration policy has been caught up in today's hyper partisanship and a strident anti-immigrant tide in the republican party overwhelms all compromise. when the president took this executive action, he was not flouting the will of congress, he was using the discretion that congress gays him -- gave him to

propel constitutional duty to take care that the laws be faithfully executed. if you want to talk about that, the impact this case is going to have on the united states election later this year, if you want to talk about your recent legal or illegal immigrant, phone lines for you -- for legal, (202) 748-8000. (202) 748-8001 the number for illegal immigrants. all of his for comments feel free to call in as usual, the number for all others (202) 748-8002. note is thatnt to the republicans in the house of representatives will be represented today at the supreme court case in the arguments, or arguments are happening. lastly, the supreme court expanded arguments to 90 minutes and gave a lawyer representing the gop led house 15 minutes to

make arguments in support of the state. aaron murphy calls the administration's position the most aggressive executive power claim. he points out the executive actions were ample meant it after the president failed in an attempt to persuade congress to revise immigration law. he says the administration announces the executive has unqualified discretion to bestow lawful work authorization and same benefits on the very class of individual on which congress repeatedly has refused to bestow the same benefits. we will hear more about those arguments and about the effort by the house of representatives to be represented today in the supreme court case. matthew is in virginia beach, virginia. he is on the line for all others. good morning. caller: good morning. i want to give the american public something to think about. those are not mexicans, they're

not mexicans coming to the united states. and i will to you why mexico does not care. those people coming up through our borders come from el salvador and further south of the border. mexico has our jobs, they have jobs for their people, it is illegal for a non-mexican to work in mexico just as it is illegal for non-canadian to work in canada. mexico doesn't care to stop those el salvador in's coming across our borders to get the jobs that unskilled laborers normally take. that's the reason they are flowing across the border. the only reason -- the only way we can safeguard our jobs is we have to make it incumbent upon employers to require every american the need -- every american needs a passport or i -- american id. if you're not an american citizen, you cannot work here unless you have a special permit. that's the only way we will stop this problem.

programe we start a where it every citizen needs a citizens id in order to work every say the first two months 2017, the year beginning from the first -- if you not an american, you're not able to work. , ifthe next three works you're not an american, it's illegal for you to work. you squeeze them down until they finally leave the country. when they can't work in cash a check, when they can't do anything. then they will get the hell out of this country. done, shame what we've when our country's role in, we need to cheap labor so we allotted to come in. now we have to force it out. it's the only living can make this plan work.

we don't need you just round them up and should them out of the country, if you make it impossible to them to high food, if you make it impossible for them to do a job, they will leave. you squeeze them out from january, february and march. april, may and june, if you're not an american, you can't get nothing. host: one of the arguments is that is that a humane practice? these efforts to try and get people to self deport? is this something that america should be doing to families with children? caller: it's the same it's happening across the world. we have to take care of home first. if we can't feed our own people, we can't please the world either. programe day cnn had a over in iraq and we had this iraqi citizens saying we are happy for americans who come here, they will bring his jobs. we don't have jobs for ourselves, we can't feed

ourselves. i want to try and help everybody , god knows i do. i see someone on the street is hungry, i which in my pocket and givehe money. , but ifo help everybody i can't feed my own kids and family, what are we going to do? make other governments start paying attention to their own people and take care of their on people. there is corruption all around the world. unfortunately, we have to do things to make those governments take care of their own people. host: that is matthew in virginia beach. wild and wonderful rights regardless of the outcome of the case, we still don't have an of order agency roundup 11 plus million people, so nothing changes. a ever the with supreme court makes is a long-sought that the congress without it wants to do what it takes to do. a recent legal immigrant, harry, good morning. caller: good morning.

i just want to tell the american theyc that illegal aliens also want up and up -- they also end up helping the country. you have people who do not want to work or not it will of working, they can't work so they can't pay taxes. you have people who work and when they -- the illegals in the paying taxes. i think i called on the wrong was an the line, i illegal alien first and i just became a citizen as the united dates. i've been working and paying, i have -- i make good money. $40,000 a year in taxes. there are a lot of people who are not capable of working, but illegals coming year, they cut the grass, they take of the trash, they are working and doing construction, it's not

that they're taking people's jobs, people, the job, have attitudes, they don't show up. host: how to do make the decision to come out of the shadows as the term is? caller: i was given amnesty by reagan. reagan gave amnesty, i got amnesty and i've been working from the day i came to this country and i have been paying taxes and i've been helping americans, anybody in my way. i will stop and give somebody gas in their car when they run out of gas, i have pulled people out of cars that had accidents. that flipped over on the highway and people are just driving by. i will go in there and pull people out. -- country i'm here to pay this country back for all this -- the things

this country has done for me. people should be very careful when you put people back, who's going to work and will that cleaning on the streets and fixing and pulling the trash and beautification of this country? remember, you treat others the way you want to be treated. host: that is hairy in brandywine maryland. we are getting your comments. we have a line for illegal immigrants. if you want to tell your story or how these executive actions have been put on hold because the court case being argued today. we will show you live pictures from the supreme court. if this program would impact you, we want to hear your story as well. juan is on that line. good morning. caller: my name is juan. one thing at want people to remember is i hear a lot of

people that say undocumented workers on anything. we do pay taxes. i just paid my taxes. i pay every year. itave a pin number, not -- is a pin number, so we pay. idea of people have this that immigrants who have no documents are taking other people's jobs, that is not true. a lot of undocumented people are doing work that other people don't want to do. who are the people who are angered? it's mostly people who don't have good jobs and they are planning on the victims, who were the victims? the and documented people. when the economy is good, no one talks about them. when the economy is bad, let's blame them. corporations are the one who are actually hiring people with undocumented papers. those are the ones people should be going against, not the

victims. host: when did you come into this country? caller: i came to this country about six years ago. host: so would you qualify for the deferred action program? have you looked into these programs the president was proposing? caller: maybe. the point i want to make is, president obama is also trying to help now, but he had all the opportunity when democrats hold the congress and the held the senate. he didn't have to because he was more concerned about obama care. really we are the victims. weird -- me there are a lot of people who come to this country because they have no other means. i think that companies are hiring people with non-documentation are attracting

these people. not saying, i know some people will hate this. we are not taking jobs. a lot of people are not doing those jobs. immigrants are doing them. andle who don't have jobs think the economy is bad, those are the ones going against undocumented people. undocumented people are doing things that people don't want to do. and we do our taxes. host: on that line for illegal immigrants. especial line set aside this morning. if you want to call in, (202) 748-8001. if you other headlines to show you. here's the san antonio news. justices get immigration case today is the lead story there. hotvalley morning star, the

-- headline at the bottom of the page, texas versus obama, the battle keeps up. story isw you how this in newspapers run the country as we get your phone calls, hear your stories and will hear your comments on the case being argued. scott is in north carolina, a recent legal immigrant. good morning. caller: good morning. that my wifesay had to wait 10 years to get over here. she's from the philippines. she is a wonderful family that wants to come over here, their physical therapist and nurses. i have to say about your desk that you just had a moment ago, they are not victims because i can tell you that when my wife came over here, she had to be gainfully employed, she had to be sponsored by employer, they

didn't pay her as much as registered nurses usually make, but she made the sacrifice. she's never taken from this country, immigrants today if they come with their children, they get free housing, they get free food stamps. we should help them if they come over here, i'm not going to say we should send them back. but they are taking advantage of the system. i used to work in los angeles and i can tell you for a fact that if you can sneak over here and you have children, they will give you housing, they will give you food stamps, you will get free medical. we are really getting kind of sick of it. host: when the caller said that he's the victim in this, you think legal immigrants become the victim if these deportation actions are allowed to provide work permits for illegals and shields millions of illegal immigrants deportation? think they'ret

victims because there's millions of people waiting in line, waiting legally to get in this country and the people -- i grew up in south texas my whole life. and i know the mentality down there and i know their family members and relatives are very sympathetic to that. i marry this woman now, she is still a nurse and she's one of the hardest workers just like the hispanics are mexicans. very hard workers. i will say that if you can get over here, you can take advantage of the system and we're not going to deport all these people, but they are not victims because they're taking advantage of the system. there are millions of other people's that have waited in line. i have family members from the philippines. they are waiting patiently to come over here. and to live the american dream

of being production of. -- productive. host: i want to pick up on the point you mentioned. used to live in los angeles. according to the washington post, there's no place in the country that would more affected by the supreme court battle over president obama's to shield millions of undocumented immigrants from deportation than los angeles county. there is no estimated one million undocumented people in los angeles county, about 400,000 of whom could be eligible for the protected status that obama would bring them. obama's former labor secretary and now chair of the los angeles county board of supervisors saying that she is looking forward to the return that the county would get under the president's deferred action program. do i want them to pay taxes? absolutely. do i want them to be established some form of that and vacation? yes. that story is the front page of

the washington post. go to aragon, georgia, a recent legal immigrant. caller: hello? host: go ahead, you are on the washington journal. what you think about today's supreme court case? caller: it is very good. god bless you, keep going. i just have a message for the whole country. do you want to hear? host: sure. caller: my message for the whole country is this is deeper than obama and everybody out there, the government, white house, whatever they call it. right.rustrating and not we have to think about the human

rights. if you have a human right in you , you will have the whole entire america -- -- they need to find a way to fix the problem. deportation is not the key. deportation of nonviolent crime is not the key. i understand if you come here and commit all these kind of wicked crimes, you are entitled to be -- to face a penalty of whatever you do with your own judge. if they can deport you on top of that, i understand. hereeople who come illegally or legally overcome it no crime, they should find a way to give them documents and help

them and their families and help america. we see the signs of what's going on right now, lightning and earthquakes and floods, it's all part of human wickedness. you can see some of those who will be going inside is up in court starting to line up already this morning. the crowd gathered at the supreme court ahead of this case . united states versus texas being argued today. 26 states signing on with texas on that case. we will be focusing on the arguments and on your thoughts on immigration and the executive action for this entire program. a few tweets from members of congress who are expected to be attending the oral arguments or at least be up at the supreme court steps to show their support one way or the other. texas writeso from

in saying he will be attending the oral arguments at the taxese court for u.s. v that could uphold the president immigration law. -- immigration action. thela jackson says president like past presidents have a legal authority granted to him under the law. in, democratwrites proudly stand in support of the presidents democrat -- immigration action and will continue for fight for families. texas tweets from out that he will be speaking on the house floor, you can watch on c-span ron 10:45 a.m. central time. he will speak about religious liberty and u.s. v texas today. that will be run 11:45 eastern. we will be showing you live shots and interviews from up at the supreme court.

always want to hear your phone calls, we have special line set aside for recent limo immigrants, illegal immigrants and all others. victor in fairfax, virginia, good morning. caller: first of want to say it is an honor talking to you and it's an honor -- toname is victor, i was here answer how would back my life. i work every day and construction. mes not going to really help , because i'm going to keep working. it's going to help my child. my kids. them as going to give piece of mind that i'm going to be will to get home safely. and not worry about the deported. host: how often are you worried about possible deportation? how often do you think about it? caller: every time.

every time i drive. if i see police, i'm kind of thinking, i hear a lot of history of police stopping people. i don't have my license, i just have a permit. but i have to drive. i have to work. virginia, it's a most impossible to get a license. host: we have a line for those who are recent legal immigrants and there was a gentleman on that line whose wife was a recent legal immigrant saying -- thiswould be unfair executive action would be unfair if these -- illegal immigrants if without -- people who chose to break the rules all of a sudden were shielded from the penalty for doing that. what would you say? it wouldn't be unfair. i'm not going to become a resident, i'm not going to be a

citizen. it's not really going to help me, it's going to help my kids. they both -- my kids need me. saying -- i know it's hard for the was waiting. us that it's hard for them. it's the immigration laws. they should probably do something on that. it should probably try to help them. host: do you pay taxes now on the money you make? caller: yes i do. these last two years, it was hard to get a job. here, i'm from

argentina. i came here with a visa. we used to come here with no problem. then something happened. host: and you overstate your visa? caller: yes. i fell over the country. host: do you ever plan on going back? caller: i was always planning on going back since my country got better. i have my kids and they are american. seven music go -- childs the country of my and i will do it i have to do to make this country great. i will do whatever i have to. host: thank you for the call from fairfax, virginia. on the reason for -- line for recent legal immigrants, jane is calling in from annapolis. caller: good morning, c-span. i think that the fifth circuit and texas have a point, i am

completely against president obama's executive orders. it totally exceeds the role of congress and undermines the role of congress, it is just a horrible thing going on with immigration altogether. host: is the concern more about this specific order or is it about the president and how he is treating his executive power? caller: how the president is treating his executive power and undermining the efforts of all other legal people that come here like myself. i went through major hoops and we paid thousands and thousands of dollars to comply with the law, to obtain green card. i recall again your for marriage to my husband, we have three boys. and it was just a disaster. my fingerprints expired after six months and i had to pay a

fine or fee to do it again. it was just a disaster. after you get a green card, you to reapply again and remove condition on the green car just or you can prove to the government that you are married for real and lawful reasons and not just to come here to stay. on thethat are calling line in expressing how horrible things are in mexico or el salvador or other countries, we have laws for that. it's called asylum. through2 months, you go a lawyer, you get protection. we have those laws, we have more laws then we know that we have. all of a sudden you come here and overstayed visa and you just break the law and then you have children which are anchor babies and now you think those children is your own means to stay here is just something that is income principle to a civilized world. against whole mass

--mess. host: congressman tom price of georgia introduced last week the end executive overreach act which would stop the obama administration from issuing executive orders and rules until the end of his presidency. here is the quote that congressman price issued along with that act when he introduced it. he said president obama's continued abuse of the use of executive orders and the innumerable rules issued by his in ministration unaccountable of the -- government agencies have shown time and again his willingness to brazenly defy the limits of presidential authority. his executive orders on issues ranging from gun control and immigration have been unjustified and an attack on congress's authority under article one of the constitution. 's usurpationation must be stopped. the act would's halt further executive orders for major rules until the day the president leaves office.

that is introduced last week by the congressman from georgia. let's go to gary in fallon, missouri. on that line for all others. caller: good morning. i am totally in agreement with the lady from maryland to just spoke. she is a person that went to the system the proper way. we have laws on the books that have not been enforced to keep illegals at the country, we have laws on the books that keep ,mployers from hiring illegals it is illegal to get a drivers license, it's illegal to get benefits from the government, social security. this has been going on for a long time, mr. obama inherited this problem that's been going on for many years and as usual, slide,ntry lets the laws we don't enforce it and it becomes a big problem. and in the congress and senate and the administration find ways

to circumvent enforcing the laws which caused the problem instead of taking care of the problem at beginning. it is an insult to the people that stand in line, we have ways for immigrants to come here legally. we don't do anything to get that done quickly. it is an insult to people that stand in line, do the right way, come here and pay taxes, become citizens, become legal recipients of drivers license, social security benefits, pay taxes. and instead of enforcing those laws, the executive order circumvent that and it's an insult to the people. i believe in legal immigration totally. that is legal. illegal immigration -- immigrants should be turned away from the border. that is a problem that we have. host: speaking of standing in line. the line is wrapping around east capitol street oh pound the

supreme court this morning. we are showing you live pictures of what it looks like at the supreme court had of today's arguments in this case about the presidents immigration action. time for a few more calls in this segment of the washington journal. if you don't get in on this segment, call again. on that line for illegal immigrants, randy is waiting in maryland. good morning. turn your tv down and go ahead and start talking. randy might've stepped away from his phone. we will go to pam in texas on that line for all others. caller: thank you. my thoughts just world because there are so many topics to discuss. i'm in the middle of a small or northwest of

san antonio, texas. gather like the place to for the immigrants to come in from mexico, south america, most seem to become -- seem to be from mexico when i asked him. they are coming here to these places. we have these people driving new pickups, not the white people. is people who are working for $20 an point dollars an hour, but it will be, i want $120, a day. if you want work, there are no young people who want to go out and get a job working labor on your farm or ranch. work,people who want to

immigration of those illegal immigrants. the word is still illegal. they are illegal. looking ahead to this election year, how much is this an issue for you as you try to decide who will be the next president of the united states? wantr: it is huge p or i trump to get in. i do not think the wall will work. anakin is a great idea. here is my issue. corporation. i'm a 64-year-old woman. i am someone who employs illegals. i have got two going right now. i do not know who is or not. to 99, theyoned will say no, got to go. the guys doing the hiring have illegal workers that work for them. he paid them $120 per day.

i will hireaxes, you and your crew, it is a good price. some of them are. how did they come up with the money, they just hire people. pam is our last color in this first segment. next, we will be joined by doris deferredto talk about deportation action programs at the heart of today's supreme court case, as well as recent data on trends for legal and illegal immigration. first, we had back to the supreme court where greta is talking to those who gathered ahead of today's arguments scheduled to begin at 10:00 a.m. greta: we are outside the court with nancy garcia and her group. why did use it -- why did you decide to come here?

are out here to fight for families. why did you feel it was important to make the trip and have your presence known? >> i love my people and i love that they will stand up for themselves. they have a right to be here. a lot of them risk their lives to get here. they have a voice whether people want to hear it or not greta:. greta:you came from wisconsin. who is with you? parents and children, fun-loving people who want to fight for what is right, for people you may never ever know. say to folkso you who say there are people who come to the country legally, that they get in line, they go through the whole process, why should this lawful presence be given with the programs president obama put in place? to folks who came here illegally? have never been to

mexico, let's go to the outskirts. there is a reason people come here. a better future for themselves and their family and their children. they have a right to be here. if you come here legally, it is a long process. if you have no money, you ain't getting anywhere. there is a reason why we are here. you come here illegally because you want to survive. we are fighters. greta: tell us about your father in the process for him to come here. >> my father had to come here proud of and i am damn him. he is now a u.s. citizen. it took him a hard time to get here and he is here. he is the reason i am out here. all the kids and all the children brought here when they were children. they are here to get an education and people want to snatch that away. how would you feel as a parent? someone snatches you out and you do not know where your children are and your family. tos is what we are trying stop pit we are people and human

whether you want to hear it or not. white people came and crossed to the mexican border before mexico crossed their border. it is set in stone. we are all here because somebody took a chance on us. greta: what is it like for your the folks that are here illegally, what is it like for them? it is scary. cannot drive because you are afraid to get pulled over. to be afraid every day is not the way to live. the only reason we come here is to survive. our country will not give it to us, we will go looking for it like a lot of people. it does not make us criminals. we're not all criminals or murderers or rapists. trump, i want to give you

a message. how do you like your wall now? you have built this. greta: what are you hoping to accomplish? people'sn a lot of lives. i wish the government and racist people were blind. you cannot hate what you cannot see. love is power. it is a lot easier to love people than to hate. if you want to-- read a book, look at everything in between the covers. why aresk the question, you here, you would be surprised what you are in. greta: for you and the folks with you today? >> this is a huge thing for us. forre out here fighting people we do not know. i'm fighting for anybody who has ever felt discriminated against, anybody looked upon in the wrong way and they do not know nothing about you. if you believe in love and peace and a better tomorrow, this is why i am personally here.

doh my vote, i will everything i can to go against you. i am definitely against him. i am personally for bernie sanders. talk a loters may with his hands and whatever and may have his own issues, but one thing stands out. he fights with dr. martin luther king jr., stands up for a lot of people, we are those people. we are all immigrants. if he understands that, he has got my vote. van fromu are all in a wisconsin, packed in like sardines. >> 14 hours to get here. you know how much fun that is. [laughter] please.art, [laughter] it is a long ride. yes we can, yes we can, yes we can.

can"]ing "yes we [indiscernible] this gentleman, you got your citizenship or you started the process. >> when reagan was president. people had a green card at the time. want to leave it alone, leave it the way it is. we want reform for everyone. bernie sanders will make it for us. comes in november. [applause] these are just a few people that are out here.

a busy day. a lot of people have lined up early, some since friday, to get the coveted ticket in the court. back to you for more phone calls from our viewers about this case and this debate over immigration policy. host: one of those is doris at the u.s. serves immigration policy program. she oversees the nonpartisan think tank studying immigration laws, border enforcement, the impact of legal and it -- and illegal immigration. the programs at the heart of the case are those deferred action ograms announced by the president in 2014. remind us again what those programs would do and how you qualify for those, and an your institute has come up with and the number of people

impacted. the large numbers, really under discussion in the supreme court, it means different action, or parents of americans and lawful residents. our viewers might have seen signs for dapa. that is what it is referring to. guest: dapa has become a well-known acronym. it bills on another program, daca, deferred action for childhood arrivals. it is a program that had been announced earlier and it applied just too young people brought to the country before they reached adulthood. they are otherwise referred to as the dream population.

they did not themselves dissipate. the big program is the dapa program. he could be eligibility for about as many as 3.6 million people. just under 4 million. program, which also is potential forous close to five main people. host: how does that compare to previous efforts for amnesty and other protections? out in thefolks supreme court mentioned he was originally affected by ronald reagan's actions. put this in perspective in terms of the 3.4 main people? 3.6 million people. program the gentleman

was referring to came about because of legislation, signed by president reagan. it had a legalization program in it. after that legalization program, because that was limited to people who had been in the whotry for five years, could qualify under certain criteria, they also had family members not eligible for the program. program, legalization there was a similar deferred action program that allowed people in the country without statusto actually get a somewhat similar to what is being talked about now. that is a precedent in some ways for what is going on in the

decision. about 1.5 million people eligible for it. the important thing about it is it was about the same percentage of the unauthorized population of the country at that time as the doppler program is as a number of unauthorized people now. you have with this program, if it is upheld and the president's authority is upheld, ofewhere close to about 40% the overall size of the unauthorized population would he eligible to get this deferral from deportation. that is a proportion similar to the program in the past. thee have been other times president has used this authority to defer action and and tod deportation grant eligibility for work authorization.

there are precedents for this. the numbers are large in any in the past. host: if you want to call in with questions or comments in this segment, if you are a recent illegal immigrant -- i want you to start calling in and get your questions. before we get to those questions, what do we know about 3.6 million people in terms of income levels, in terms of age and how long we have been there? what has this to what have the studies shown? thing toe important understand is how long they have been in the united states. 80% of the people in the country who are here without legal status, about 11 million people,

about 80% of them have been here more than five years. this is a population that is established, deeply woven into our labor force, to communities. a very important characteristic is they are heavily members of mixed households and mixed status families. you have lawful permanent residents, people with no legal status, people who are eligible for this program. to be eligible for the program, you need to have it in the country for at least five years. you need to be the parent of either a u.s. citizen child or a lawful child. that is now a substantial number of people. sue is up first from maryland. you're on with doris meissner. good morning.

i'm watching your program and trying to figure out in my mind what shadows these people are beking behind when they can illegally in my country and stand before the supreme court. the other question i would like to make is these are not unauthorized folks. if you break the law continuously, you continuously define our laws and we reward you with the ability to stay here and our children and grandchildren have to compete for jobs in this country because we do not have two countries to call home. folks demanding from the american taxpayer, who has nothing more than to view these folks as burdens. they are burdens on our society id quite frankly, accidentally -- i am absolutely for deporting them. the country needs to look at revisiting citizenship and look

at this stuff because no one has a right to be in our country and these folks do not have a right to demand of our legal system in our country. this is why immigration is one issue for me and many other people. to see our immigration laws enforced. i am against daca and dapa. tot: i want doris meissner weigh and peer you used the term undocumented. explain that versus illegal. guest: we use the term unauthorized. this caller is objecting to, because that is the term the census bureau uses. the census bureau uses that term .requently to be honest, people are not undocumented. many of them are false documents.

unauthorized is the senses term. people are illegally in the country. that is correct. the opinions about this are very sharp and the caller has a clear point of view that a lot of people share. complex story. people have come to the country illegally but at the same time, we have a labor market that has been for decades asking for more economythan the u.s. and the native foreign population produces, , in areasly workers of the economy that less and less americans are going into. andly skilled, low skilled, the issue of burden is also a very mixed picture. unauthorized immigrants,

people who are in the country, pay taxes, have money deducted from their paychecks for social they have been contributing to the economy and illegal status, even if it is a deferral of deportation, generates more revenue, both at the state and local 11 -- local level, as well as federally. you can find a lot of the atormation on these topics migrationpolicy.org. you can find estimates about the unauthorized population by state. the last caller was from maryland. estimated in maryland, 233,000. you can click around the map or find statistics about the entire population expected estimated at

about 11 million. james is in north carolina on that line for all others. you are up next. caller: can you hear me? ok. i have a granddaughter that is seven. she would be called legally anchor baby, her mother has been here 14 years. went -- just had not come up yet. both my neighbors on both sides are ideal and one has been here 15 years. in that family, two brothers and my other neighbors are young and i do not know exactly how long the children have been here. -- dapa, ir all guess i would be for p or i may

trump supporter. forink he would create away them to get in. my granddaughter, i love her to death. the only thing she has gotten from the government when she was born, a heart surgery. they do not get any food stamps. that thing in the state she is in, not north carolina. she can i get drivers licenses. , start the only thing without drivers license. one other thing, i wish there were some way, when i know they were from one party or the other, i wish they would just tell the truth.

i feel they make up stuff. thing, a program that you had to have multiple forms here in north carolina, you don't. there are multiple forms you can use. , what ares meissner the estimates about the number of people who would sign up for dapa if it were allowed to go through? james was talking about he knows he had been here in my p eligible for the program, won't people sign up and become registered with the government, not knowing whether an administration down the road might change the program? guest: that is a big issue. we won't know. it is what the discrete -- the supreme court decides. if it decides to uphold the president's action, it is a very short time to run election.

because that decision will probably come in june. there are probably people who will be concerned about signing up because of the election outcome in a very different positions each party has taken. the other hand, there is such an important benefit available here to people who have been in the circumstances that this that you canbes imagine many people also want to take the opportunity. the best indication that we have is the daca program, the one already operating, started in 2012 for young people, fewer people are eligible, about a 1,000,000.2 people. in the range of who would be eligible for that program. and about 800,000 have signed up for it. that is a high participation.

i think we could probably expect that if the dapa program is upheld. it is also the case that the program probably will not be ready to go around election time. it takes a little while to gear up the process. there will certainly be a lot of discussion about this in the campaigns, whichever way the court decides. waiting in utah on the line for all others. good morning. i have a few comments, and then i have a question. i see the people out here saying it is their right to be in the country and everything else. we have borders for a reason. going to be the united states for the world, let's take over the world and make everything america and then we will get taxes from everybody and nobody will be coming in.

anyhow, i believe we should have a border. babies who are born here illegally should go back with their parents and come to the front door. my question actually is you said people come into the country and they pay taxes and they pay social security illegally. i want to know how they get the social security numbers in order to be employed? a lot of these people work off for lowernd work wages than americans do and that also keeps them and the lever of -- level of poverty unfair. guest: that is correct a lot of people work off of the books, a lot of employers want people to work off of the books. it means they do not need to pay taxes to the government. but it is interesting many people do work on the books.

correct. in terms of social social security numbers, those are generally false. what happened here is an which ise paradox, that people pay into the social security system, those where itial security to direction, is a high proportion that is deducted into false accounts of other people. that becomes a surplus in the social security account for the country overall. surplus helps to balance out the viability of the social security system as well as the overall federal budget and those people who paid in under false to claimre not able social security earnings later in life. them, it is complying and their employers are complying. they are never going to be the

beneficiaries of those earnings because they are on numbers that do not belong to them. ryan is in massachusetts also on the line for all others. i am actually a citizen of the united states. i want to speak on immigration policy. we should go as far as the -- and far right in terms of border security. host: on that border security issue, that color talk about a strong border. one of the other callers in the earlier segment talking about concern about mexicans coming across the border and that the mexican government is not doing enough inside its own borders. in terms of the immigrant

population, how much comes from mexico and how much comes from other countries? guest: i am glad it came up. question of border security is absolutely fundamental. definitely, we need to have borders that are effectively controlled. is to me that disturbing about the debate is that perception that the borders are uncontrolled and that we do not have border security. that is wrong. we have less today than we have had for 50 years. we are at a historic low. mexico, which has been the primary source since the early

down to laste year, the apprehensions were about 188 thousand mexicans. that was 1.6 million in 2000. in 15 to 16 years, we have made extraordinary progress. illegal immigration primarily from central america because of violence and terrible .anger the ability of border responding to be the illegal immigration that has been historic has changed dramatically and that is for a lot of reasons. we have put extraordinary resources into the southwest border. we now spend about $19illion a

year as a country on immigration enforcement overall. border enforcement, enforcement in the interior of the country. is more by quite a percentage than all of the expenditures on federal criminal fbi,nforcement for the dea, secret service, marshal service. we have made a tremendous investment in border enforcement. it has doubled in a reasonably short time. these are historic changes and they have been combined with changes in mexico. mexico's fertility has come down dramatically. it is basically now that of the united states. a growing middle-class. it has had economic growth sustained for more than a decade. mexico is now a country where more people return to mexico from the united states than the come -- than they come.

losing as far as the united states is concerned. a situationg at where basically the combination jobhanges in our own structure, changes in mexico, and a real investment and enforcement, a modern border infrastructure, are in place. never going to have zero illegal immigration, that we can have manageable illegal immigration, controlled borders, and we are basically at that point. is with us meissner for the next half hour or so. we're taking your comments but also showing you live interviews from the steps of the supreme court. we go up there to our own greta, with a lawyer representing undocumented mothers in today's case.

we're here with tom, the president of masking an illegal education fund. you are representing three women today in the court. tell us what your legal argument is. mothers whoh texas would have the ability to apply -- texaseferred action has no standing, that is to say, no right to challenge from november of 2014 because they have no clear individual injury oft would occur to the state texas. like every state, it would benefit from providing the temporary relief that the guidance would potentially provide. why is it not found when

they say they would have to provide the drivers license and it is a fee and therefore that is the hurt for the state of texas. state of texas long ago made a decision to subsidize driver's license because the legislature and governor decided that on balance, it was better to have people driving with licenses, meaning they were tested and regulated and registered rather than having too many unlicensed drivers. that is their judgment, it should be respected even today and therefore, there is no harm or injury and it is instead the result of their own legislative process. greta: how did you come about to represent these women? thomas: 48 years since it was founded, it stood for the rights of all latinos in the united states, and that includes many immigrants who had been here raising families without full

legal protections. that includes these three jane does. greta: how is it you will get to argue before the justices. you will get 10 minutes before this 90 minute argument. how did that come about? thomas: the jane does are the only intervenors who sought to intervene and be parties in the case. initially, the judge and district court denied that intervention. we took an appeal and he was overruled. the many eligible for dapa should be eligible for court. fore will be 45 minutes each side. on behalf of the united states, 35 minutes and i will have 10 minutes on behalf of the jingo intervenors. have 30e of texas will minutes and the house of representatives, which has appeared as a friend of the court, will have 15 minutes. into theces will go

decision-making process and we expect an answer by the end of june as to whether the state of texas has the right to contest the president's exercise of executive discretion and if it has the right, whether what they did is consistent with the law, as we believe it is. this will be the first time i argued before the supreme court but i argued in other federal courts. this is obviously at a different level, but i look forward to speaking on behalf of our clients and the many others who deserve the temporary relief announced by president obama over one year ago. nervous, yes. the eight justices without antonin scalia, how are you preparing for what type of question you might get from each of these justices? thomas: this process is very involved with a lot of help from the cocounsel and many others who stepped forward to go through practice arguments.

you never know what the questions will be. it appears the justices shouldn't and will be very interested in the standing, whether this exercise of discretion is somehow against the law and what congress has decreed, or against what the constitution permits. we think it is consistent with the constitution and history supports us. it took a lot of preparation to get here and we will have to wait to see what the focus of the justices may be. the absence of a nine -- ninth justice is hard because the senate refused to act on the nomination of merrick garland. a risk of a 4-4 tie. we have got the task together with the solicitor general through this argument. that in fact texas does not have the right to challenge the .resident's discretion in court the president acted consistently with the constitution and all statutory authority. is a 4-4 there

decision, the delayed deportation programs are frozen for the rest of the administration? thomas: it means the preliminary gin junction -- preliminary injunction will stay in place. it is impossible to put it. at least is the law deciding if the case should not go forward and certainly the preliminary junction should be lifted and the president should have the ability to implement the guidance he announced. i think the election in november may be even more critical than folks have already identified it .s in what are the enforcement priorities, what are the right ways to deploy the resources with respect to immigration? whoever that president is, he or

she will decide, given limited released since 2010, and have no criminal conduct to disqualify them. we still look for some form of temporary relief in deferred action or otherwise. greta: thank you for your time. host: we will be in the courtroom today. doris will be in the courtroom but not arguing today. she is with us for the next 25 minutes or so this morning, taking your questions and comments as we discuss the key supreme court case. the arguments beginning at 10:00 today. where we leftn off if there is an injunction that stays in place. is there a plan b when it comes to the obama administration, is

there a backup plan if the case is decided against the obama administration? guest: no. this is an exercise of the -- the backup plan is already in place. the backup plan is that the administration has clear guidelines. prosecute -- processing curry a guidelines. priority on high , and a low priority on people who do not have criminal backgrounds. in other words, the kind of people who could be held either deferred action. action does not go into place, about 88% of the population of unauthorized immigration the country, about 80% of the 11 million are by and

large protected from deportation because they are low priority and do not fall in one of the areas that are targeted for deportation. that is not nearly as satisfying to people who are in those circumstances because they could at some point run afoul of the law in some way or the classic broken tail light and they are in the country illegally. apply fore able to it, they have a piece of paper that says they are deferred from deportation. if the injunction stands, the country would go ahead and forcing the immigration law the latest now and people would be deported. about 60% of the people who would be deported, there are about 300,000 people per year who are deported.

60% of them are criminals. the vast majority would stay where they are, but they would andn a frozen circumstance would continue to be in a situation where they do not have a permit to work and with that comes a lot of exploitation on the part of employers and a great deal of fear on the part of the people themselves. a lot of callers waiting to chat with you. sarah is in new jersey. a recent legal immigrant. good morning. caller: a question. i believe reagan was a republican. obama is a democrat. if reagan did not make it happen then, why are the republicans blocking obama?

if they understand what people are going through in the country, you would know that [indiscernible] that is why they came here. to make a living for their families. the problem is not from the democrats. [indiscernible] fighting against the bill. [indiscernible] mexico, people from africa, i do not see why they would vote for republicans. republicans do not want something good for the people. vote, we are not going to vote for republicans. republicans are all the same. host: all right. doris meissner. guest: this color put her finger

on what the issue is pierce solutions to the issues rests with congress. but congress has not been able to come to any kind of agreement for more than a decade on immigration issues. did sign thegan last major immigration bill in 1986. that was an entirely different era where congress and its ability to work together across party lines is concerned. that 1986 bill was a compromise bill that had strong bipartisan and compromises and agreements that were struck. that we on immigration have never been able to pass major immigration legislation or the ways in which we have been able to pass legislation in our system over time have and with a

strong, bipartisan center. there have always been strong disagreements on each extreme side of the political spectrum. you need to have a strong center and we do not have that now. because we have not been able to legislate for decades on immigration, the reality on the ground is completely different from statutes and statutory language that is out of date. all of theseto other ways of trying to solve problems that fundamentally need to be solved by congress. we want to hear what is happening on the ground in your part of the country as we talk and study the issue of immigration that is at the center of the supreme court case happening today. .ary is in georgia good morning. i am a republican and i

have worked with a lot of immigrants. i want to say the last job i one, why the immigrants would work and the mexicans would work so hard. , i was a landscaper. when we would do a job like a fire bed, cleaning we doubt, i theyht -- i knew how hard worked. i notice when they would do something, they would not pull would throwt, they pine-sol to cover stuff up and i thought, what impact would that have later? he kept asking me, who are you voting for, who are you going to vote for? i thought, why would he be asking me that. wife, a maid, who

has been a made for a while now, she worked 28 days. she has been in fear of losing her job because there is a mexican who works there and she has only been working there for about a month and they told my wife to watch her and see how she works so fast, to learn something. i quiz my wife every day because she is the only one supporting me and my two children. i would ask her every day what she is doing to make herself better so you will not lose your job, and my wife would tell me what she was doing. the girl would be sweating her but off working. she would take the rag and clean the sink and take the rag and then go over counter tops and counters. i do not really blame the immigrants -- dan paul is on the line

for illegal immigrants in new york city. good morning. caller: good morning. i've been here since 1997, november. have a daughter born here, 17 years, 16 years old now. my son came here when he was one year old. the obama gmac. a social security number now, so i run a small, business, i have a small business. i have a tax id number and i pay my taxes every year.

best, but i do that whatevery souation comes out of this, that i could play into this. that is my question to miss joyce. textbook case. eligibleeman would be for the program if the supreme court decides to uphold the president's action. two u.s. citizen children. therefore he is the parent or u.s. citizen of a lawful resident children. not only being in the country, but also being able to pass a criminal background check. one question from jean in

ohio as we have been talking about this, comparison to other countries programs, is it true say youico and canada must be a citizen of those countries to work in the country? to be a citizen to work in mexico or canada? guest: certainly not canada. are the major immigrant countries in the world. canada allows people to work who are not yet citizens. mexico is not an immigration country so most people, the vast majority of people who live in mexico are mexican citizens. i do not know mexico's law but i do know mexico has a southern border with guatemala, large -- large numbers of people with guatemala, some of them with work permits and some not. as the united

states does, have laws that say you need to be legally in the country and have a legal status in the country in order to work. people here without a legal status, when they are working, employers are violating the law and they are in violation of the law. for: here on the line silver spring, maryland, evelyn. caller: thank you for listening to me. citizen, actually. [indiscernible] come as an illegal immigrant. , a nicesay undocumented 81 from el salvador. , a warleeing a war supported by the u.s. government

. to a country of only 5 million people. i became legalized. make his i wanted to believe many people in the u.s., either they are against nobody isn because going all around -- or they are plain racist. people don't leave their countries just because they want to leave. i had no idea i would be coming to the u.s. the intervention [indiscernible]

say you think those are the only two reasons people could be against illegal immigration, what about those already this morning who say they have got to the process fair fornd it is not illegal immigrants to get some of the benefits in the program that they stood in line and spent thousands of dollars and years going to the process legally? caller: that is a great point. tried to comeve legally to the u.s., especially from undeveloped countries, they do not even get to the u.s. embassy. over and over, you know, for example, in my case, my own came

in the 1960's. when he was able to come. he actually sponsored me to come because i was actually a student with the university of el salvador. military, whohe was killing and torturing students and people in general. my visa was denied. i want to get doris meissner to weigh in because she studied the bigger picture of this. guest: this is the point about access to the u.s. and people who presumably do it right and stand in line. most people in the country illegally, there was no line to stand in. it goes back to the point of an outdated immigration law. we have an immigration law that does not provide enough

u.s.tunity to come to the for work purposes in ways that are currently reflected in our economy. the best example i can give you is unskilled workers. during the 1990's, in particular up until the recession in 2007, we had huge growth in lower skilled jobs. tremendous numbers and not enough nativeborn americans going into that work. we reduced the numbers of visas available for people with lower skills to 5000, at a time when there were -- perhaps half a million people per year coming into the labor market in the united states. our visa system is completely out of sync with our economy. our visa system ample --

a very important value, an extremely important thing to preserve, but it does not have nearly enough opportunities to meet the employment needs of a country. host: just a few minutes left with doris meissner. gary is in the villages, florida. go ahead. good morning. i have a few questions. is it illegal for employers in the country to hire illegals? guest: yes, it is. whoemployers to hire people are not in the country legally. caller: ok. why would we not adjust the number of work visas so they can hire these people in positions, that you say americans do not want to take?

needs tocause congress do that and it has been unable to come to any agreement on how to change the immigration law. is, mr.my next question obama's executive action to skirt immigration law, isn't that, instead of enforcing the law, isn't he skirting the law? guest: he is saying he will defer deportation for those people in the unauthorized otherwise who have been complying with other laws in the country and who have lawfully present children in the country. it is a prioritization. int: let's go to patrick bethesda, maryland, on the line for all others as well. caller: good morning. honest.o be absolutely

we can go through all of the , we can go through what is right and what is wrong americans eyes, but we are ago, weng long time were all immigrants. we came over here on a boat from spain and wherever we came from, and we made america the land of the free. am surprised we do not have native americans here saying, wait a minute, you took land from us and now you want to make a big deal toward mexico. policy or enforce allow people to come over here if we do not give the people time and patience to grow?

you cannot just allow someone over here and say, take this test and follow this procedure, become legal, then money, when they have nothing. derek is in harrisburg, pennsylvania, also on the line for all others. thank you for bringing an incredible perspective to the conversation. i will add some youth to the debate. i have a question and a comment. if you could please further elaborate on the southern strategy the u.s. has been backing in mexico, helps them, some of the migration through the central american countries, through mexico, and then into an united states, not just american problem, that there are other countries trying to help and as a result, immigration is down. could you further elaborate on that? are running out of time

but i want to point to our viewers that congressman castro is addressing some of those gathered on the steps of the supreme court showing a shot the steps.m from we have got a minute or two left with doris meissner. his point about mexico, the other change were mexico is concerned is mexico is anda major transit country has its own reasons for enforcing immigration laws and immigration procedures on its southern border. as the caller suggests, mexico is now very much working with a variety states on of immigration enforcement issues and that is an important she isas well host: going up to the supreme court but she is with the policy is to

come a director of the u.s. immigration policy program there. if you want to check it we will write back to hear your thoughts on this case being heard it today. we are going to head back up the supreme court stats. greta is talking to those gathered. george, when did you come to the court? >> we came this morning. we drove up from north carolina. i wouldn't miss it for anything. we've got to save our country. >> what is this about for you? sure i amwant to make plugged in and see what's going have facts.

>> what are the facts? >> what are the facts? keeping our country and not letting it slip away. >> you believe that the president is incorrect in issuing the executive order? >> that's definitely not right. i know there is a provision for executive orders. wide you think it should not be something the president does. he says when it comes to federal policy, he has the prerogative. >> it's also a constitutional republic. we decide what we want, not the president. he is just supposed to manage. >> how much is this an issue for you in the presidential election? >> it's a big issue.

republic we let our slip away just a little bit more. >> who do you think running today represents your view? >> i am going to vote for ted cruz. he's better than anything we've --.paired has a few good ideas. i do think he has his heart into it. does he have a few good ideas when it comes to immigration? >> i think we need to control our immigration better. he is right about that. ist i like about ted is he constitutionalist. that's what i am. we have to stand up for our constitution. >> you have come to this court he for.

as you say, stand up for the constitution. i haven't been in front of this building very often. we decided to come today to see what was going on here. we will take that back to our folks in north carolina. we live in flat rock near hendersonville. >> you have made this trip before. what do you do for living? am an electrical engineer. >> you made it here and how many hours? it was about six hours. do you make of the crowd and the noise? >> i've seen this kind of thing before.

i was here in 1994. it's amazing. it's almost difficult to hear. thank you very much for your time. we are less than an hour away from when the supreme court is supposed to start hearing those arguments in this case. we are taking your calls. we will continue to show you sights and sounds from the steps of the supreme court. oral arguments are going to be released by the supreme court , but not until friday. we will have those for you at c-span's you can hear everything that happens in that courtroom. it is a 90 minute argument. you are going to be hearing about it all week and on the campaign trail as the election it moves forward. here are a few headlines from

politico. this is the front page of the orange county register. a story that to individuals in orange county who are watching this case today. they are watching it from all across america. we want to hear your calls and questions. we have special lines throughout the show today. we have a line for illegal immigrants if you want to call in. recent legal immigrant, we have a line. we have a line for all others.

caller: my husband is the legal immigrant. i would like to discuss today. have been married to my husband from morocco for 13 years. he was on a work visa for seven years prior to our marriage. laws, we have had such a problem trying to stay married and not have him deported. it took me three years to get him a green card. employer had him tied by paperwork. paper was not in his passport when we went to get his green card. they detained him. lawyers and spend

money to keep him here. this was done on purpose by his previous employer. as you have gone through this process, what did you think when the president came out with these executive actions? shield 4 million people from deportation, people who have broken the law? i would like to see them have better laws. with the wayated congress is handled everything. she came over 50 years ago. she did not have any issues. i am trying to keep my husband here.

i do not appreciate illegals coming in illegally. congress did not enforce the law. thehave contributed to issues we have today. i understand that it needs to be fixed. when my husband finally got his green card, it was hard for him to get a job. mexicans who were illegal were getting hired over him. he was getting skipped. i think that needs to be fixed. people need to have a legal status of some type. we also have a line for illegal immigrants this morning. kenny has called in on that line

from maryland. good morning. good morning. is there anys country in the world where mass deportation was used? consequenceeconomic 10 years later? i can tell you one. was nigeria in the 1980's. ofre was mass deportation and other westna

african nations. later, the economy of that nation is still suffering from that mass deportation. that's the question i had for miss doris. countries, what happened to the economy 10 years later? host: you can check out the migration policy institute website. there is a lot of information you can sort through. i want to bring our viewers back up to the steps of the supreme court where greta bronner is waiting. we have with us congressman walking castro. you are from texas as many people know. texas says they have legal

standing against the government. if you look at the record historically, many presidents from reagan it to both presidents bush of made emigrant similar toe actions the ones of president obama. ryan who has paul a friend who will get to argue before the court. it is the right of members of congress and your responsibility to protect the laws, that you make the law and the president is supposed to take care of them and execute them in good faith. donerst, the president has everything within his executive discretion. both sides agree that there is no substitute for congress passing immigration reform. failedgress purposefully

to do that on several occasions. that's been the president took action. >> how popular do you think the program would be with your constituents of? >> quite popular. there are many people on both sides of the issue in texas and other sides of the state. >> what are they telling you? >> my district is about 64% hispanic and texas. there are many families who are affected by this issue. >> what do they tell you? how would this change their life? >> these are people who really do live in the shadows. they are afraid of going to any government institution. the argument about immigrants taking welfare and trying to get

benefits always struck me as odd. these are people trying to do everything they can to stay away from government institutions because they are fearful. knowwould allow people to they are not going to be separated from their children in the middle of the day or the middle of the night. >> what guarantee is there that if they come out of the shadows, this is delayed deportation. are they nervous that the government knows who they are? >> i think they are excited and nervous. the fate of these programs, i think they will be affirmed by the supreme court. this rests with the next president of the united states. we could win here today and in january the president does away with them and they are gone. >> you thought it was important to come out today.

>> this is an issue that affects a lot of people in my district. my grandmother was from mexico. she came here as a six-year-old. she was an orphan. it's very personal to me. >> are you going to get to go in? >> this will be the first hearing that i attend. it will be a great day. >> what if it's a 4-4 decision. >> i think will end up coming back. if the next president continues the programs, the president will prevail. the senate needs to confirm that ninth justice to the supreme court. host: he will be inside the courtroom today. one of the people he will be listening to is a lawyer for house republicans.

they are granted 15 mets to make their argument. last month on this floor of the house, paul ryan talked about the president's executive action. the previews the arguments lawyer will make out today. all legislative powers are vested in congress. states the president shall take care that the laws be faithfully executed. that separation of power could not be clearer. one, congress rights laws. executetwo, presidents those laws. in recent years, the executive branch has been learning these

boundaries to the point of overstepping them altogether. bureaucrats responsible for executing the laws as written are now writing the laws at their whim. this doesn't just throw our , itks and balances off creates a fourth branch of government. it creates something that operates with no accountability whatsoever. that was paul ryan talking about the case happening today at the supreme court. we are getting your thoughts for the last 45 minutes. the phone lines are open.

bob is on the line for all others in new jersey. heard two different opinions about this case. where do you fall? caller: i would have to side with paul ryan, i don't think he's being truthful. both parties want to have comprehensive reform so they can get credit for it. the credit seems to be going to the president because he has usurped the powers of congress. i have a family member that just arrived here. waiting 13 years and one week to come here. she did visit on a visitor visa. that was for three months and i extended to six. that was eight years ago. i would just like to say that

the process is very exhaustive and expensive. process, many of the illegals in this country are criminals. i say that because the vetting process would exclude these people from coming here when you have to go through the police records of the host country. it's very comprehensive and it takes a long time. these illegals know they could not come here legally. host: somebody who came through she is a recent legal immigrant. caller: hello? oh, hi. my husband is a legal immigrant. one question, c-span is a

national treasure. know aboutants to people not having to follow the law. which other laws to we not have to comply with? that's the question he always asks. he did the process legally. that's a question that i was going to ask ms. meisner, which other laws do we get to skip? that is the question he asks when he is home. i think thens were people who are here could stay and get an immediate work visa. they could never get the right to vote. the employer has to post to his working for them who has a work citizen,if you are a you could look online at say this company has these jobs are

filled by workpieces and i am a citizen and i could do that job. they can apply directly for that job to get it. if an employer has 20 people who are here on work pieces and i am unemployed, i could look online and say there's a job i could do and then i could go as a citizen and apply. how would i know if there is a job in a restaurant that i might like if it's already being filled by illegal immigrants? hasuld see that restaurant six people working that are on of visas. i could work in that restaurant. i think that would help. her: that was lori with suggestion. we are going to go back up to the supreme court where greta is waiting period -- waiting period >> we found a senator this

morning. you decided to come up here why? >> i am emigrant in the senate now. many of my colleagues in the house and senate have parents or grandparents who came here is immigrants seeking a better life for themselves and their family. in my case, that truly is. story is like that of so many other people who are here. there is no security. i served on the senate judiciary committee working hard on reform. there is work as an immigrant for me. i shared the emigrant story of

leaving everything that i knew and with what i was familiar to come to another country for a better life. the crux of this is keeping families together. why did your mother come here? a -- an abusive marriage to my father. this is a story of tremendous individual courage. she changed my life by ringing me to this country. i am here in solidarity with the people who are hoping the supreme court will make the , to keep families together and support the president and millions of families. >> what was the process like for your mother? >> she had low paying jobs. she escaped an abusive marriage. fearful that we would

not be able to make it. my mother showed me through her life that one person can make a difference. i am very privileged to serve in the senate. >> what was it like to get citizenship? >> we came as documented immigrants. so many people here are undocumented. they are part of our communities. they pay taxes. they need a path to citizenship and we need to provide the opportunity. i am a huge voice that. >> thank you very much for your opportunity this morning. today isse number 15674. host: we are talking about this morning. we have phone lines.

that's go to kelly waiting in georgia on that line for all others. thank you so much for having me. is term that i like to use called ocean privilege. i have two other comments. if syria or iraq or china or did , i think thattes

separates us from the rest of the world. central america and mexico, they are able to just crossover. are you saying we are more likely to help out? with the influx of the children and everything came in, one of the things that we noticed. if you go to the social security they have three lines for non-speaking english. are you still there? host: just speak for your phone. we are listening. lines: they have three

basically for spanish and one line for americans. that's the way that works. if you have an influx of children that cannot speak the language,, i will give you an example. daughter was so excited to take french. right after the influx of the border,ing across the they did away with all of it. the only language you can take in our high school now is spanish. it's not an option. -- ipeople say it doesn't blame both of them. i blame the republicans and the democrats. host: mark is in san antonio texas. tell us your story. caller: it seems like a lot of

the people you are speaking to don't have a firm grasp of what's going on. the border patrols are working hard down here. the numbers are down. one of the biggest things that people don't understand, they are already established here. already established, they have lived here for years. to re-create something that happened in the 30's where 2 million people were deported, that's what we are going to look at. would you qualify for either one of those programs? caller: i don't qualify, but my niece did qualify. host: would she register? has and ie already encouraged people to do it as well. for the program

from 2012? caller: the original one. wouldfour those who qualify for the expanded case, is there a concern about what happens after an obama administration leaves? caller: i do think that is a hindrance for some of them. if i register, i am just giving them a free ticket to my house as soon as this gets declined. nothing could be further from the truth. there needs to be a remedy to move ahead with life. they are stalled in the system. the system is clearly broken. there are nothing wrong with the immigration laws. peoplepunishing the through necessity are coming to

the united states. we are not punishing the people offering jobs. host: thomas is up next on the line for illegal immigrants. good morning. are you with us this morning? in new go to tiffany jersey. she is on the line for illegal immigrants. caller: thank you for taking my call. she knows what she's talking about. this whole thing is wrong. it's wrong to separate children. my husband is undocumented. people don't understand. where is my right as a citizen to my pursuit of happiness in this country. other people think they can trample on my rights.

is he in the process of becoming a citizen through marriage? caller: we are trying. we have different lawyers and immigration. right now, there is no process for that. it bothers me so much because i am a citizen and i can't help my husband. people who come legally and have no family ties, they can have their fiances come over and then they are legal. how is that even possible. i'm not saying that it's wrong that they came over, as a citizen i feel i get taken over by that and that's not right. children,separating it's not as simple as deporting the whole family. some of families are different status. it's wrong.

you can't break up family like that. not all children have the same parents. i have an older son who is a citizen. we have two younger children together. what am i supposed to do? i can't bring my oldest son with me. i will fight for my husband to stay here. he is not a drug addict or a rapist. he is not a criminal. he is a very good hard-working person. that was tiffany in new jersey this morning. this is playing out on the front page of newspapers around the country. this is the front page of the tulsa world. this is the front of the santa fe newspaper.

to the front page of the press enterprise. mag is in new jersey on the line for recent immigrants. caller: good morning. thank you for having me. when you want to take the civic exam, there is a question that they ask. who lived in america before the europeans arrived? i see people saying they are the americans and say why should obama give a pass, they don't know history.

now i am a citizen. i am listening to people and they don't want illegal immigrants to come here. host: that was mag in newark, new jersey. the 14th amendment is part of the constitution that many are pointing to for guidance as they look at immigration laws in this country. all personsstates born or naturalized are subject to the jurisdiction are citizens of the united states. no state shall enforce a law that will abridge the privileges of citizens of the united states or deprive a person of life,

liberty, or property that due process of law. james is waiting in rhode island on the line for all others. good morning. james, are you with us? we will go to texas. morning. caller: good morning. my question is i am all for immigration and doing it the legal way. a lot of them are coming over and we don't know who they are or their criminal background. from poverty.re those countries are having the

highest murder rates in the world. host: his is a safety question? caller: yes. it's a safety question. i lived near the border. i hear a lot of stories about drug cartels coming over here and intimidating and murdering people. i think that's a big reason that a lot of people don't talk about or more people should. there are a lot of dangerous people that want to do harm to american citizens. they are coming over here undocumented. in thehat is leaving real texas. we are going to take you back up to the steps of the supreme court. with greg from i

would. the tea party. why are the tpp patriots feeling they needed a presence here today. here to support the senators that are standing strong on no hearings and no votes for the new supreme court justice. >> why do you feel there should not be hearings? >> the people should be heard. i believe the new president coming in needs to be appointing whoever that supreme court justices. >> why today? the figure is important to bring up this issue of the open seat? >> it's always that important. a ruling of for-four, then it goes back to the state.

the are a country of the states. believe the supreme court is correct in this issue. what is your impression of standing out here? they are largely with the administration on this case. you have a group here to voice your side. what is your impression. differenta lot of issues. like it, thiseem group is very cooperative and they've been very respectful. that's outstanding. as far as this actual case, there is a process set up. that's why we are a republic.

the rights of each individual, if the president wants to pursue that, do it the proper way. make sure it goes through congress. we the people have our representative in congress. this is not a kingdom. the president don't have that authority. >> when did you serve? 19 95. 1983 to honduras andrs in nicaragua. how much of an issue is the constitution? how much of that is an issue for you? >> it's not just in the selection. it's the most important thing on the planet.

the constitution is the law of the land. we see equal justice in the supreme court. the illegals coming across are not abiding a lot. our government is not upholding the law. i encourage everybody to go to order states of america. that is our documentary that we put together on this issue. we drove the entire southern border. citizens on the property where the border is at. sheriff's. this is there message to the rest of america. peopleally encouraging to go to that.

host: we will show you once again that front page of the wall street journal opinion section. we are getting your thoughts on this case.

this is right before the supreme court is expected to start the oral arguments that will last about 90 minutes. we will show you the oral arguments on friday. the tapes will be released later this week on friday. we will show them to you at 8:00 p.m. george is up next in jacksonville. he is a recent legal immigrant. caller: i'm going to say a couple of things. i am from a third world country. the difference of having a federal world country and a developed country is low. -- law. countryto a third world and i want to go to the movie and there are 10 people in front of the window, i would elbow myself to get the ticket before

everybody else. in this country, you go to the window and people stand in line. people obey the law. they respect the dignity of each other. immigration, we are thinking in emotional terms as far as the suffering of the children. the suffering is caused by the parents who break the law and come in here. you cannot have a sovereign country without borders. best destination in the world. , 3 billionthe door people on earth will want to come here.

host: let me bounce those off of antonio who is in texas. he is an illegal immigrant. were you just listening? antonio is not with us. we will go to that line for all others in arizona. your thoughts? caller: i just wanted to make a couple of statements. i will make it quick. article four section four says we shall guarantee to every state in this union a republican form of government. i was a firefighter for 12 years in arizona. immigrants came up through arizona. is there are and

portion of them that we would go on calls and they were committing crimes, drunk driving, killing people. they are breaking the laws in other ways. host: you are saying this is more so than the general population? caller: i want to make a very important point. we do have laws. so shall everybody else. i have been on social media quite a bit. i came across to its where there were people that were trying to encourage people to join radical islam us. they are asking them to go to certain places in mexico and they are telling them what they

are going to do. they want to infiltrate the united states. this is very important. situation -- host: this is something that you just found on twitter? caller: we must protect our country. we can invite people in. we need to know who they are. host: let's go to fred in louisiana. he is a recent legal immigrant. i have a bit of a speech problem. i met my wife in costa rica. we have tried for four years to get to the united states. we finally got married two years

ago. in the process, i had a stroke. get throughsed to to immigration. we could not even get responses. the point is we've done everything that we did because we had to do it according to the law. kept saying to come through mexico. important. much more just because somebody has money, that gives me the right to somebody else's money?

we are going to come back to more of your phone calls in just a second. if we have some programming notes for you and updates on schedules. public policy issues we've been following, the new york primary is taking place tomorrow. that is such a focus of the candidates for the past two weeks. it's been the only primary in town for the past two weeks. we will show donald trump's buffalo campaign rally tonight at 7:00 on c-span two. we will be covering the new york primary as well. you can watch all of that on c-span tomorrow.

the president will be in saudi arabia. they will bolster ballistic missile defenses in the region. they will help them counter cyber attacks. the new yorkom times writing about the president's schedule. the president will head to england and germany. withll have lunch elizabeth. they will celebrate the queen's 90th birthday. he will tour the technology trade fair. he will promote the european trade deal. covering the president's trip overseas and whatever comes of that here on c-span. to focus on the supreme court.

10:00nts are expected at eastern of this morning. we will have 90 minutes of arguments. people have gathered on the steps of the supreme court. have shown you live images. but go to tony in salt lake city, utah. you are on washington journal. caller: can you hear me? to add my opinion it to this matter. i'm the in the middle of this whole deal. i am looking forward to see what happens. i want to make clear that not all illegal immigrants that are , are in theu.s. situation where we are raped and criminals. my family and i came here.

we escaped country with her there was no future for children. there are a lot of us who do pay taxes. we do have an honest job. they're looking to better our lives. shouldwho is a criminal the allowed to have the privilege of being a citizen. that's something i want to make clear. there are people who think that all illegal immigrants support each other. i believe that a lot of people have done bad things and some of them have regrets. with everybody going through a background check and if they don't qualify, it's tough. for those of us who have tried it would normal life,

be fair to give us a chance to prove to society that we can do even more good. host: let's go to florida on the line for all others. caller: nice to talk to. thanks for taking my call. on this issue, i don't think people are waking up. i am 82 years old. i've supported this country. i am paying for all of these illegal people that are in here. i think the word is illegal. i think these people needed to get out of here. i don't care who they are. if i do something illegal, i will be arrested.

trump hasat donald brought this all to our view in people are waking up to the position of this country. host: that was florida. policy,g to migration the unauthorized popularize it .s about 600,000 people a california has the most with well over 3 million unauthorized immigrants. that is the estimate from the migration policy institute. you can check out that map. now we go back up to the steps of the supreme court where credit is waiting. >> president obama signed that executive action that would defer deportation for children who are brought here to the united states.

we have one of those recipients here. tell us your name. came to the united states in 2001. i was 11 years old. 2012 that itil received a work permit. i was able to obtain a social security card to have a job. i have been working. i am making sure that more step tots have a feeling like a human being. my parents are eligible. i have a younger brother who is a u.s. citizen. he wants my parents to stay with him. i want that for him. that's why i am here today. >> are your parents afraid they could be deported? >> yes. they are terrified.

sometimes my brother comes to me and asks why are people talking about taking our parents out of the country? my pants try to make sure that everything is going to be ok. is we live under the fear of deportation for an accident, crossing the street, if you are at a stop sign. it could be anything at all. it's a constant fear. >> would you come from? peruam 26 and i came from and i was 11 years old. >> why did your parents bring you here? had an opportunity to sell our home. you want to invest. you best investment they had was

making sure my sister and my youngest brother and i could have the best education. that went into coming it to the u.s. they knew we would have the education that we wanted. i've been able to go to the university. i graduated in 2012. immigrant parents want the best for their children. >> how did you get here? how much money did it cost him? >> i was 11 so i don't know the amount. we bought plane tickets for all five of us. we came in march. we looked for an apartment to make sure we were settled. my sister who was 10 and my brother who was two years old came with me in june. an aunt from my

mother side who lived in the country. she was able to help us out. did your parents have a tourist visa? >> we came under a tourist visa and overstated. >> what would mean -- this mean for your parents and the decision is for-four and the executive actions are frozen? >> we are very hopeful. the immigrant people are very resilient. no matter where you come from, you can fight for what you believe in. i came from peru. i did not think i was going to graduate from american university and i did. i will continue on. when you applied for status, what's it you have to prove? sure to show my report cards. i had them all.

showed her trophies and certificates that i had from high school in little school. sent myough college, i papers and tuition to make sure that they said i've been doing this for a while. i want to make sure that i contribute to the country. >> how long did it take to get approved? >> a lot of people started to apply. in final approval came november. he passed the executive action in the summer. byas able to have papers november. >> what does this election it mean to you? >> i think what's really important is to make sure that people who remain together. that are stories. i am a person that just wants to have the best education available.

i want the best for my brothers and sisters. i want to make sure that my 10-year-old brother doesn't live with the fear that he could lose my parents. that's what 2016 means. families should stay together. >> thank you for spending part of your morning with us. host: we have a minute or two before the supreme court is expected to hear the case. it's time for a couple more calls this morning. levi has been waiting on the line for recent immigrants. it morning. i am not against some illegal immigrants. there is space for everybody in the american economy.

there are jobs or legal immigrants as well. toould say that it's better invest more money into the police. host: jim to his argument this way on twitter. let's try to get in joe from oklahoma city. caller: i won't go into my personal story. i wanted to share with your viewers some things they need to what isout in terms of at the root of a lot of these problems. host: we have about a minute left.

caller: the republicans are against a path to citizenship they love the cheap undocumented labor they are using in the oilfield. that is why bush only went after four companies in eight years for hiring illegals and obama has went after thousands. we need bernie sanders in there to get the grease out of the system, then the system can work. host: all right, that is our last color of the day on "the washington journal." we will show you the steps of the supreme court were arguments are set to begin momentarily. you can listen to the entire oral arguments, the entire 90 minutes expected to be released on friday. we will have them for you at 8:00 p.m. on c-span. have a great monday and we will see you right back