today. if you are a medical professional 202-748-8000. all others, the call to resist or limit the amount, you said you are getting home calls on that. is there some kind of effort within the government, capitol hill, an effort to say, we need to pull back? program oncdc has antibiotics, and that is using antibiotics appropriately. it is a multi step program. it begins with the necessary leadership in the hospital, having a pharmacist in charge of the antibiotic use, informing doctors about how they use antibiotics, when it is and isn't appropriate, and that is a very important program. it is voluntary and hospitals to not have to implement it. many, many are not implementing

it. we know it brings down the use of antibiotics, it saves a hospitals money and it also reduces antibiotic resistance. we need to make it mandatory. it is not an option. if you screw up and prescribed and a biotics that are unnecessary, it affects everyone, not just that patient or you. everyone pays through antibiotic resistance in bacteria. we need to make that program mandatory. that is something that i have do.d the government to medicare has the problem -- the power to make it mandatory in all of the hospitals in the country and that is the first step, a necessary first step and the government has the power to do it. host: some other suggestions, with an electronic review of each antibiotic prescription and the government and industry should collaborate for clinical research and reward those who develop new antibiotics. what kind are we talking?

guest: big bucks. they cost hundreds and thousands years ofs, it takes 10 time, from early labs through human trials for fda approval and i have proposed a $2 billion prize. we might create milestones along drug andf it is a safe may be 50 million or some number that you get to the big randomized trial and we will get you some money to do it. i think this kind of big prize is necessary. there is not enough money or drug companies in the development of antibiotics, especially compared to many other drugs, drugs for rheumatoid arthritis, multiple sclerosis, cancer or heart disease and diabetes. we do not have enough research going on of antibiotic drugs. we need to incentivize it. the old system relying on drug companies, getting a patent

specificity and market facility has not worked. antibiotics and human trial right now and we need hundreds, not 37. bacteria are revolving resistance much faster than we are revolving new antibiotics. host: we have a call from joel in north carolina, medical professional. hello. caller: good morning, my question to you is how do you evaluate the patient's immune in trying to use antibiotics? have: some patients compromised immune status and in a coverage with in the biotics. you're asking an oncologist who often uses chemotherapy, the consequence of which is to drive dawn white cells and make patients honorable and sometimes we did use antibiotics and that has to be taken into account. to of the great -- which is

drive down white cells and make patients honorable and sometimes he did use antibiotics and that has to be taken into account. sometimes you can match them up of thearacteristics patient. what i have proposed does not have opt out, where because of particular and unique characteristics of the patient, you would override the rejection of an antibiotic restriction in the interest of patient health. what we do know is that looking up prescriptions in the hospital and in the position offices, that a very high rate of that are inappropriate and should not be used unnecessarily because you have a viral infection or just not the kind of condition that could actually cure the patient. those are the kinds of descriptions we should be in the hospital where you have a pharmacist, dr. and team leading the effort. you can make these more subtle distinctions. in wyoming, medical

professional sophia is next. caller: why can't the fda performthat the doctors a crs test before the prescribed an antibiotic? fda isi don't think the the place for those kind of mandates can come from, and i don't think -- just like in genetic testing for certain medications like cancer medications targeted to only certain the fax -- certain defects, they cannot mandate that before you use medications. what the fda has the ability to do is say, is this drug safe and is this drug effective and give warnings if there are serious side effects. review.not in the fda it is really in a payer view,

the insurance company, medicare and medicaid. we will not pay for this drug unless you get the following approval. host: hollywood, florida, esther. good morning. caller: good morning. this aside from the big guns used in hospital, i am aware of the use of prophylactic antibiotics, but what about the antibacterial soaps and detergents and so forth? doesn't or isn't there some danger they are of also creating resistance? guest: they work on a different mechanism than antibiotics, and to the best of my knowledge, you are testing the limits of my knowledge, they do not cross over. there are other dangers to the antibiotic soaps, and that is a very different conversation. it is related to the hygiene hypothesis and the fact that we actually do need to be exposed

to a number of bacteria and viruses to regulate the immune system, especially early in life. i believe today and that "new york times" review section, there is a very good article about training your immune system and explaining the hygiene hypothesis. basically, the idea is, we were 30sed through millennia and environments of a lot of bacteria. those bacteria interact with our immune system and not just bacteria but also viruses, and a regulate the immune system in an appropriate way. if we do not see enough in the right kind of bacteria in the right time in life, we might keep reading autoimmune diseases like multiple sclerosis, other diseases, and the important thing is -- and we have learned this over the last 50 years -- that we viewed bacteria as bad. we have got to get rid of them, the whole point of antibiotics, but now we have a much more

subtle view of bacteria viruses and that some are good at the right point in time, the right mycobacteria in our guts, are , so wesential to help need a much more subtle view of bacteria and not just bring up antibiotics or the hand cleaners every time. sterolerfectly clean and is a bad thing -- sterile is a bad thing for human beings. host: here it is from "new york times." "times equipped this morning. diane from texas. you are on. caller: i knew somebody who works in an in-house clinic for an oil company, and she works for a doctor who takes the attitude that since they serve an elite and affluent population, a just give them what they want, and that makes it even harder for her in her job to explain to people that if

it is by, they do not need antibiotics. do you have an opinion on how big an ethical issue it is for doctors to basically take this attitude that certain groups deserve a different level of care or standard of care? guest: first of all, i totally agree with you. we should not have a situation where if you are rich, you get whatever you want. the last i looked, the reason people go to doctors is they want that expert opinion. they are not doctors were experts in what they made and when they demand that antibiotic, the doctor can determine or the health profession or can determine if it is appropriate and necessary, indiscriminately giving them out is not only bad for the patient but bad for the rest of us. that is part of the point. antibiotic resistance developed by one doctor by one patient affects us all, and this is the communal effort, not an

individual effort. we really do need to be conscious that indiscriminate prescribing just because a patient once it is a dangerous thing and that is why i suggest programs in these hospitals and in the outpatient settings because there was a recent study in the journal of medical association that showed that about one third of prescriptions from the position office are inappropriate -- from the physician office are inappropriate, sinus, your infections, they are viral and do not need to be treated by antibiotics and should not be treated. we need to catch those, so we need an electronic system where every prescription for an antibiotic is compared to the appropriateness of the patient needs. host: our guest with the university of pennsylvania and a senior fellow at the center for american progress, and also you may know him in relation to his brothers in hollywood and

chicago mayor. in eastern maryland, our line for others, you are on with dr. ezekiel emanuel. caller: hi, i appreciate your points of view. i am enjoying listening. guest: thank you. caller: i have three separate points and i would appreciate if you address each one. guest: i probably cannot remember three, so let's start with the first. caller: first, i have the approval of the fact that we have become too sanitized in society. is more expensive rather than create another government program that creates funding. to simply put out the word that people do not need to be so extremely stringent to the point of no process -- to the point of neurosis to the children and bacteria. guest: first, let me say that i completely agree that we need to "put out the word," educate to clean,t deemed

constantly washing your hands when you touch a baby or your kids watching wash their hands and that is decidedly not a good idea, but we should also be cognizant of thathings, first of all, millions or maybe billions of advertising bacterial and other are selling you this hand sanitizers and tanya they wipe out 99.9% of bacteria, which is a very small percentage , but the .01% of bacteria are still tens of millions of bacteria on your hands. second, education is a very slow process for change. educating the public and getting them to actually change is a decades long process. we have seen this with other ways we are trying to educate the public, whether it is stopping smoking, eating better, less processed foods, we need other things that we do not give

up on education, but besides education, we need other actions. we cannot wait in the antibiotic resistance situation. two decades to get social change their education. we need something that will work much more rapidly. host: from indianapolis, medical professional. caller: good morning. is a of all, i think this conversation that should have been started when we had penicillin on educating the public on the proper usage of youbiotics, and i think if would give a person and analogy that they are in a fight with bacteria and that you are only going to knock them down the first two days or three days that you are taking it, but if you do not kill them, it will come back and bitterly basically killed you, and if you tell a person do not share this with anybody else because this is

yours to kill what is in competition with their life, you paint a picture. the second thing is, i don't see you using a shotgun approach to treating patients with antibiotics because you saw what 250 milligrams and overtime, there is resistance, so in the no sense to go to 500. guest: again, i think that analogy, especially on a weekend went muhamed ali has died, is a good analogy. it really does behoove health care professionals and doctors throughout the country and throughout the world to do that. but analogies and educating the public and your patience only go so far. hard to get all doctors to change their behavior. aboute had this situation

antibiotic resistance, inappropriate use of antibiotics for viral infections for a long time, and as i already said, we recently had an article just a few weeks ago and the journal of the medical american association pointing out that one third of all prescriptions filled in the office are inappropriate and unnecessary, so even doctors are being slow to change, so we need other measures other than just education. i'm not against educating doctors, the public about the importance of stewardship of these antibiotics and not using them when you have infections, but i think it is necessary but not sufficient. we need stronger action. let me just remind everyone, over the last three years or four years, we have had repeated issues with infectious diseases. the 1960's,in 1970's and early 1980's, infections, we have them covered . then we had the age epidemic, ebola, zika virus, and out

antibiotic resistance superbugs. we are not out of the woods about infectious diseases, and i do think you need to take a very different view of them, and we need to be much more strategic about how we approach them, so vital.on is absolutely educating the public, doctors about the appropriate use of antibiotics. like i said, necessary but not sufficient. we need to do more and that was the point of the opposite in "the washington post." host: a lot of talk today. from cecilia in washington. believe thatly, i we need to address the antibiotics in our schools, and that that is really the crush of this. guest: great point, which is 80% of the antibiotics used in the united states actually is used in the food industry, and it is

used largely indiscriminately, is given to chickens and other animals to make them go faster and bigger. it is very much used indiscriminately. the actual link between use of foodiotics and the industry and antibiotic resistance in human beings is not terribly well established, but i totally agree with you, it is not good to breed antibiotic resistant bacteria using such massive doses of antibiotics throughout the food chain and it is probably not a good idea. there are other countries that have banned the use of antibiotics in animals. it is one thing to treat an animal, but to treat them in the full course and to give it indiscriminately before they have an infection. the good thing is that some food producers have pledged to eliminate antibiotics from the routine use of antibiotics from

the food production and in some of the poultry producers that have taken the pledge. i think we should go further and actually prohibit that. i did not put that in this article. you cannot put everything in an 800 word op-ed, but i totally agree that that is another area we need to look at and we need to be much more careful about our stewardship of antibiotics in the food industry. g fromhere is ser california, medical professional. caller: good morning. i think you are pretty much spot on with everything you are saying, but you perspective is from after the patient gets sick. how about before? proper exercise, health, all that kind of stuff, to keep the person as strong as possible and keep the immune system as strong as possible? all, as you of point out, a lot of our health

depends upon three things, eating well, that is eating fruits and vegetables, a balanced diet, staying away from things that we know are not useful like simple carbohydrates, too much sugar, salt, too much processed food and transcribe the assets. exercise and not smoking. we know that that is a 30% to 50% part of the fight. it does not guarantee that we will be healthy and not get illness or infections or other serious illnesses like cancer or heart disease. it does reduce our risk for those things, and i'm really talking about the second half, so i agreed that we need a country that is actually doing ander on smoking, diet exercise. that is necessary but not sufficient. there are other things we need to do, especially as you say, once people to get sick.

host: from conway, massachusetts, dated, good morning. -- david, good morning. caller: good morning. i think we glossed over the 80% of antibiotics is in factory farms little too quickly. , it is an epidemic. we are talking about 70% of [indiscernible] and 60% of the workers at one facility in the midwest had herself and it travels through ways andm in multiple it travels through the feces .hen it is spread on the field it basically everywhere host:. sorry about that, caller. guest: as i said before, i totally agree with that. i am in print agreeing that too

much of antibiotics used in this country is used in agricultural production. again, it is not used to treat an infection but to make the animals grow bigger and faster. i pointed out that denmark in europe has ended that practice, and i think voluntarily because of the consumer demand, we have seen poultry makers pledge to give it up antibiotics and i think we in the country need to recognize that that is an important priority, so i don't disagree with you at all. call, john in sherman oaks. guest: how are these people in sherman oaks? greatest so early out there. [laughter] caller: well, it is entertaining, so i am glad to tune in. guest: i hope educational, too. caller: i am 61 years old and have not had a cold and three

years and i think a lot of it has to do with what we were exposed to as children. i cannot believe the stuff we ingested did not kill us when we were kids. [laughter] us strong immune systems. i think parents today are a little too careful with their kids. so that old, phrase, what doesn't kill you makes you stronger, very well through and the exposure to viruses and bacteria when you are growing up. as i pointed out, the hygiene hypothesis, as has a lot of data and is very persuasive, reinforces exactly what you said, which is we have grown up, human beings for thousands of years have lived in 30 environments. the immune system has become used to combating infections early. it regulates itself by seeing the viruses and bacteria in the environment. ,e know kids raised on farms

which have more bacteria and are exposed to more viruses, actually have fewer allergies, your autoimmune diseases and it is that it because of the early exposure. aboutk parents who access washing your hands, i think it is a bad thing to be doing and we should not be excessively clean. like you said, let them play in the dirt, get messy, but the food fall upon the ground for a few seconds and do not be excessive. fors not just important their growing up in their balance and play, but also important for their body and important for developing the right immune system, and those little a little dirt, a dirty food, probably a good thing, so let's not be overly or excessively obsessed by cleanliness. we were not meant to be -- and we know this -- raised in sterile environments, but that is harder to do, so we

need other interactions to counteract antibiotic resistant drugs and the tendency of people and doctors to prescribe it. host: dr. ezekiel emanuel, thank you very much. guest: thank you. it has been a pleasure. host: coming up, we will take a look at the 50th anniversary of the black power movement. our guest is peniel joseph from the university of texas-austin. we will continue the discussion right after this. ♪ >> we are going public. we will be watched by our friends and people across the country, and i would hope as i have said before that the senate may change, not an institution, but may become a more efficient body because of televised

proceedings. the proceedings of the united states senate are being broadcast to the nation from television for the first time. not that we have operated in secret until now. millions of americans have sat in the galleries and observed senate debates during their visits to washington, but today, they can witness the proceedings in their own homes. has been a kind of stage and the senators had been acting on that stage. the audience is in the galleries and by our action today, we have not really fundamentally altered that situation. we have simply enlarged the galleries, pushed out the wall to include all of the american people who wish to watch. >> commemorating 30 years of coverage of the u.s. senate on c-span2. "washington journal"

continues. host: joining us from austin, texas, peniel joseph from university of texas-austin, the director and author of his book. thank you for joining us. guest: thanks for having me. host: we are talking about the 50th anniversary of the black power movement. when you hear this term, like power, what does it mean? guest: black power movement was ,he movement for political cultural and social determination. the movement that has local, regional and national and global invocations in a way that we think about the black power movement, it is going to straddle and coexist alongside the civil rights movement. if you think about and historical family tree, civil rights and black power, two branches on the family tree that at times intertwine and take her separate courses, but i think the key to understanding black

power is that the black power movement fundamentally transformed american democracy and radical politics in the united states. there will be global reverberations for people of color, which includes white people for antiwar movements, feminist movements, black arts and cultural movements, for a wide array of anti-imperious cash and type imperialist, anti-colonial movements, but at the same time, the black power movement will also have a pragmatic side and impact american democratic institutions, higher education, high schools, our political and electoral process when you think about the rise of black elected officials. there will be a black arts movement that really transforms the way we look at education, the curriculum, art, beauty, so it will have a wide range of impact.

certainly, it will impact sports and popular culture and we could not get through a show like this without mentioning hamed ali -- mentioning muhamed ali, who pastorally yesterday, the quintessential black power activist in the late 1960's. when he said that no. "n"t ever calls me the word, he is echoing imperialism, the war in vietnam, the empire and the contradictions of american democracy, where you can up a country that talks about freedom, liberty, individual rights and have slavery, jim crow and racial problems exist alongside that. host: we will talk about mohammed ali in a bit, but if you want to ask him questions about the movement, the history, we divided the lines typically. for african-americans, (202)-748-8000. all others, (202)-748-8001.

guests -- names that that gets mentioned as a leader, stokely carmichael. who was he and why was the important? guest: stokely carmichael is really one of the pivotal key activists of the 20th cent three, and i argue in my biography that he stands along martin luther king jr. and malcolm x as someone who was on the global stage in the postwar period. the united states in 1952. he was one of the only black students at one of the most prestigious public schools in the united states. he was an activist as high school student, mentor and by an openly gay social democratic activist in the postwar period, who teaches martin luther king jr. about nonviolence in a practical manage -- in a

practical manner and organized the march in washington. he graduated in 1960 and goes to howard university, which is an intellectual, cultural and political mecca of black america then and now. he is mentored by professors like sterling brown, and he joins the nonviolent action group, which is part of the student nonviolent coordinating c is one ofnd snic the more important grassroots organization between 1954 and 1965. it is founded by ella baker, a black feminist radical democrat, and she had been an organizer at the trade union and also a mentor to martin luther king jr., select howard university, stokely becomes part of this, a sit in organizer, a student leader and activist and he

traveled to mississippi starting in 1961 at the age of 19. onis arrested in mississippi june 8, 1961 as the freedom rider, so remember john lewis asked freedom writer and stokely meets up with john lewis before he is arrested and put in jail. they spend time in jail together in mississippi in the summer of 1961, and what is interesting is that stokely carmichael is arrested from 1961 to 1966 over 26 times for civil rights activity and trying to desegregate public accommodations and register people to vote. in 1966 during the meredith march in mississippi after being arrested by 26 times at his counts, he and the shoes -- he unleashes the term black power and that is something that the sncc had decided they would use as an organizing tool. they were moving away from the

term freedom to the term black power because their experiences of organizing in the south have showed that what black people lack was political power, self-determination to transform their lives and resist white supremacy. host: our guest is with us to talk about this issue. we will go to calls. oregon, lineland, for african-americans. good morning. go ahead. caller: hi, dr. joseph. can you talk about why the term black power was and is so controversial? particularly during that era for black and white, liberal and conservative alike. it seems that anytime then and now you put the term black in front of any phrase that it is controversial, even today with black lives matter. it just stirs up a lot of emotions, so if you could just talk about during that era wide black power was a controversial

term for liberals, conservatives and even today the connection between anytime you put black in front of anything, it seems to get everyone riled up? guest: certainly. that has to do with our history, great question. black power continues to be a .ovement for radical humanism what is interesting about using the term plaque, -- using the term black, using the term was specific to what the black struggle has always done. we talk about why it enlisted the 1960's,ersy in a lot of people cannot wrap their heads around because of anti-black racism and the history of racial struggle and relief slavery. slavery is at the core of american democracy. people cannot wrap their heads around it that you could talk about black power and be talking about universal human rights. you can talk about lock power and talk about freedom and democracy for everyone.

black power was never an inversion of white power and whitepower in a way that supremacists living american nations today have used against african-americans, against native americans, used against people of color, women, so i think when we see people like malcolm x. and even martin ,uther king jr. by 1967 standing under a poster that says black is beautiful and it is beautiful to be black, and using it in our dictionaries, vocabularies, everything that is black is bad and white is good, but these are considerations philosophically, right, the philosophical knowledge the city western civilization has always denigrated that term black and it is connected to the

transatlantic slave trade, colonialism, but what i think is so important is that black power activist to finally resisted efforts by white people and the ownould define movement. the movement was about radical, political and cultural self-determination, so i think it is extraordinary when we think about so many people like ali, stokely, michael, angela davis, all of these black power icons but also the ordinary activists, we had religious leaders, black prisoners and those who were incarcerated in the context of the 1960's and 1970's. they utilized and organized around that symbol of black power and they did so to finally because they knew in order to get liberation in the united states, they have to define who they were for themselves, and i think the reason why the black lives matter movement continues through that tradition and gets

punished and criticized in that tradition is that when you live in the world and society and democracy that has historically dehumanized and denigrated african-americans and black people to defiantly say, you are going to define like stokely carmichael said in 1967, phenomenon for yourself, it is going to elicit a reaction. stokely carmichael and charles hamilton in their best seller coined the term institutional racism. some of us talk about structural racism, but institutional racism is a term they coined in 1967 to get at what is racism, racial exploitation and how does it impact us? it has less to do with people's personal decisions, although the racial state is used up of millions of personal decisions along the way and has more to do with institutional processes that treat different human beings based on color differently or mother human beings based on color.

is jesse from michigan, line for african-americans. go ahead. caller: good morning. i would like to comment on mohammed ali, the greatest man that ever walked the face of this earth, when a man stands for something he believes in, you know, when you stand for something you believe in, i am 100% behind you. thatt of these people refused to go to vietnam and fight these wars [indiscernible] and he refused to do that. for that he was criticized, but now you look back, just like dr. king. standing or something you believe is sometimes hard.

[indiscernible] man [indiscernible] host: got you. mr. joseph, go ahead. aest: mohammed called the was, itli -- mohammed ali friends with stokely, go, and what is interesting about him and what he represents is the beauty of black women and men and he represents the panoramic nature of this black power period. this is a period where in the aftermath of being stripped of his title, how university provided him his livelihood. he went on the college lecture circuit, and black athletes, including the olympic sprinters who raised the black power this in mexico city in 1958, dr. harry edwards, and really think

about the black arts movement, we are thinking about poets, but also different painters and artists. ali this icon of black liberation in the 1960's. antiwar activism is important to say that the power of anti-radicalism in the 1960's was resistant to war, so we think about ali, we separate the antiwar activists from the black power activist and this is a mistake. antiwar activism and the critique of the vietnam war was articulated by moses, and activist in the student nonviolent core dating ammittee, sncc releases statement in 1956 calling the vietnam war and imperial war. start -- stokely, michael popularizers -- stokely carmichael popularizers heell n, we won't go, so we have to

understand that the movement, this black power movement really shipped mohammed ali in the 1960's and provides them with the strength to really find unremitting grace and struggle and that is what black power activists defined. host: samuel from pennsylvania. caller: good morning. running65-year-old man for president of the united states. that weack to me means should be an example of what god truly wants us to be. we should go back to our days and embrace the religion -- not the religion but the way of life of our forefathers. we are a holy people and we had to act like a holy people, and we should be an example of

righteousness, so let's use the black power movement to bring us out of all these divisions and bring us back. host: appreciate it. dr. joseph, how did religion play a part in the black power movement? are they close? guest: absolutely. only think about theology, we jesusabout this idea of was a radical black profit and revolutionary. it is very, very important. there is going to be a huge effort by black religious and clergy to incorporate the black power movement in their teachings, in the scholarships, in their preaching, even when we think about the reverend jeremiah wright, who caused so barackntroversy when obama was running for president

in 2008, he stands squarely in that black liberation and theological tradition, so religion is a big part of the movement. is really one of the most panoramic social justice movements ever both then and now. host: in washington, line for african-americans, terry is up next. caller: yes, professor joseph, i had a chance to talk to the director the martin luther king taken by -- taken care of by stanford university. do you know him? i am a landowner and doing network or do [indiscernible] black people make as much money buying things that are always quite? -- that are always white? any networks we can start going at rather than giving them out

to people who don't appreciate what we do? guest: yes, first, i do know dr. carson, the historian of the black freedom struggle. yes, what you are talking about, this idea of black businesses and circulating money within the black community is something that lacks activists. the big term for it then was immunity control and sometimes people talk about african-americans or black people globally building parallel institutions and we do have black businesses and we need more black businesses. black people have had historically hard time the city banking and institutions getting home loans, lines of credit, and we know that during the recession of 2008, african americans are disproportionately mistreated by financial institutions like those fargo and others, some of which have sotled and paid large fines,

it has always been very tough for black people to build businesses at the same capacity as their counterparts. i think that is still going on right now. we have a high level of african-americans who are ceos or business leaders of predominately white corporations, but within the black community and having small businesses in predominately black areas is still challenging and that was one of the egos of the black power -- ethos of the black power movement. host: john in for junior. good morning. caller: good morning. -- host: john in virginia. good morning. caller: good morning. i think that the way to do that would be approved by a large number of people would be to increase the knowledge and academic achievement of students

and as a way to do that i believe would be to pay slave descendents every day to go to school and to pay them additional amounts for achievement throughout their time in school, and establish accounts that could be used for college when they graduate. by having these accounts and spending behavior of behavior they could be fined for behavior and to stay in school and learn. i would like to know your opinion on this plan? you for the question and comment. first, reparations, historically, reparations have always been something, that even somer enslaved africans, there is a brilliant book about a black woman who was a former

slave who tried to get pensions to former enslaved people. really think about reparations in the context of the black power movement, james foreman and others demanded half $1 billion from white church groups 1969 throughity -- the black manifesto. it introduced a bill since maybe 1987 south the house study reparations and has gone nowhere. then there has been the article, case for reparations, two years largert put this in a light as well. reparations are very important. i think that when we look at the history of slavery in the united states, it is fundamentally connected to the impoverishment of african-americans in our contemporary period. there is a host of new scholarship that is showing this

great, great powerful book on slavery and the half is never wilder,d by craig johnson, the river of dark dreams and empire cotton, so when we think about reparations, it is very, very important. how would we do reparations? i think the most tangible weight would be at the federal level, the state level and local level, sort of a massive g.i. bill for impoverished black communities. i do not know about these individual accounts you are talking about, but i do think that reparations are a fundamental part of the discussion of racial economic inequality and ending that in the 21st century. host: our guest is the barbara jordan chair on ethics at the center of democracy at the lbj

school of public affairs and was previously [indiscernible] joining us for a discussion about the black car movement, lawrence from maryland on a line for african-americans. good morning. caller: good morning, dr. joseph, can you hear me ok? guest: yes. caller: listen, stokely carmichael is somewhat of a late, or. what often comes up a lot of scholars do is keep them marginalized, the contributions of the african-american population. for example, rich islands, the church,of the episcopal the awareness goes back hundreds of years. ofyou well know, the impact justice one institution, which is one of the largest and operated owned african-american institutions in the country, is not global.

the church has a presence in all 50 u.s. states and 39 foreign countries. correct me if i am wrong, i believe your parents came from haiti. guest: yes. caller: and all over the world, so what i went to say is i do not want to minimize the relevance of stokely, michael, but this idea of black power goes back hundreds of years with domestic points in indigenous african americans, not immigrants coming into the country. yes, he does have an impact, but what i want to say is that the indigenous white population has always been in the forefront of civil rights and the black power movement. thank you for your time. guest: here is how i would respond to that. a couple of things, one, yes, black power has a long history. we're talking about the 50th anniversary of stokely carmichael's calling for black power and it created a name for

a pre-existing movement. i have written about this extensively in my own scholarship heard really think about the black power movement, we can make an argument like ensign harding does about civil rights that plug power starts during this transatlantic -- black power starts during this transatlantic slave passage. we can talk about harriet tubman, the veb to boy, and in the post -- w. e. dubois. we specifically talk about people like malcolm x and stokely carmichael. when it comes to the caribbean and latin america and i will say -- and black america and african identity, we have to understand offered ais not station that is somehow divisive. we think about the black freedom struggle, yes, black americans who are obviously coming from west africa have been at the forefront, but so have

caribbean's as well. when we think about people like witht harrison, and stokely carmichael, there has been jamaican, haitian, and part of the pan african part of the african movement was to make the argument that people who work of blackdais for people had shared experience, so whether they were in haiti, harlem, nigeria or new orleans, orther they were in london nigeria or oakland, california, they had a shared experience, so it is important to not try to get in some kind of hierarchy but between african-americans and the caribbean people and those from africa, who shared in that struggle for black power, and menu continue to struggle in that share for black power. host: of lynn from massachusetts. go ahead. joseph, why the

school is not really covering ?he history of black people [indiscernible] black out that infusing history in the curriculum could help us with the self-esteem. why are we teaching black history only in college? why are the kids most of the to people they do not know in their history? i learned about who i am from kindergarten, and i still carry that pride.

i am from a great continent. host: thank you. guest: as somebody he was probably haitian and african-american, i would say that black history is the key and black activists in this. the reason we do not have black history curriculum from first grade thai school in most places in the united states -- from first grade to high school in most places in the united states had to do with power. that is what they were arguing for, fighting for and that was from the 1960's to this day. many black activist said that their own educational academies, rites of passage institutes. there is a wonderful new book by russell wexford on the african american independent school movement. were black think tanks, the black panthers set up different schools for themselves. go when we think about this,

this is something that people love -- that people have struggled with for more than 50 years. even right now, we had african-americans who are pushing for that curriculum in elementary schools. i think black history is absolutely key, not only for racial identity but for a sense of citizenship, understanding democracy, understanding the united states and also the global, political and civil society. without an understanding of african-american history, whether you are black, white, latino or citizen of the united states, do not understand why black lives matter, you will not understand why mass incarceration is a problem in the united states, you will not understand white racial segregation continues to persist 50 years after the voting rights act in public schools and the neighborhoods, white are the health care securities -- wire the health care securities?

so that history is the key, but in order for us to get that history and curriculums, we are still fighting for it at the university level nationally. not all schools offer and african-american studies or africana studies degree, so this is a struggle, but it is really a struggle about power. who owns history, who controls history? how to interpret that history, and how does that history effective public policy and are very conception of citizenship and democracy? host: from detroit, michigan, jesse for our guest peniel joseph. go ahead. good morning and thank you for being there. i just want to say that mohammed i am. 10 days older than i am from [indiscernible] and his name is known as reparation ray. to thehappened to talk

office friday to the senator about an update because we want that reparation in the thecratic party as well as death penalty has to go, and we do that prior to the actual voting of the candidates next year. host: thanks. i apologize that i want to try to get another call in from ithaca, new york. go ahead. caller: thank you for taking my call. again, as i always do, everyone behind the scenes. dr. joseph, thank you so much. i want to get right to it since we don't have time. i have been working, a founding ,ember of the haitian coalition but we have to go back as you say into history.

my first stop was in 1968 with my four-year-old sister, and my mother going into occupied. we have to get rid of [indiscernible] of debts english sub -- of dutch-english suppression of african people in the nation. in the last 20 years, i have been working for human rights. we need a vehicle, a veracity with the capacity to uphold those truths that are self evident. mothers wombm our to our own tomb. coffee intot you old filters, so we need the vehicle of veracity for everyone, starting with african-americans and aboriginal peoples because it was 13 economic entities that have -- andsisi franchises

like they said, racism is america's disease. like i have said from the 50th anniversary of brown versus -- brown versus the board of education [indiscernible] host: go ahead. figure about the coalitions and alliances that really transcended boundaries of blackness, we are thinking about chicanismo,ments, native americans who were part selflf characters -- characterizing and part of their movement, but we are also thinking globally. we are thinking about south africa and the black consciousness movement. we are thinking about being india, he had different panthers in the middle east in london. we are thinking about black power as something that was global and even going to

australia with the aboriginal movement there. that is connected to the black power movement. this idea that indigenous people have the right of self ruled citizenship, and yes, humanity. one of the biggest and interesting aspects of the black power movement is the effort to find radical humanism in the blackic struggle of people in the united states, so this argument that if you are black and you are in harlem, your experience is connected to other groups of people all over the world, and that includes the irish who are fighting for some determination in the context of the postwar period, but really with easter sunday rising, so you think about bloody sunday in selma in 1965, there was a bloody sunday in ireland, said this idea of indigenous movements. the historian calls it rainbow radicalism, and we have just jacked up and called it rainbow

coalition. that goes from fred hansen, the black panther murdered on december 4, 19 69, in chicago by the chicago police, so this is very important. the indigenous aspect of black power and it shows another example of shows another example of how black power is specific but universal at the same time. host: university of texas and the director of democracy. thank you for talking about this topic. guest: thank you for having me. host: coming up tomorrow, a look at the state of mental health treatment in the united states. our guest is linda rosenberg from the national council of mental health. also linda feldman. we will talk about how donald trump is influencing the republican party. in our your money segment ellen mitchell talking about the amount of money the united states spends for military bands. the washington journal starts at

7:00 a.m. tomorrow. we will see you then. ♪ >> next, newsmakers with air force secretary debra lee james. on how tocussion combat al qaeda and isis. after that an islamic scholar discusses religious freedom and sedition ship in the united states. thus and citizenship in the united states. >> joining us is therefore secretary deborah lee james. thank you for being here with us. joining us is tom vanden brook and richard lardner who covers defense and foreign defense

issues. we appreciate your time and questions. the comments of the president last thursday at the air force graduation ceremony. he said "when you look at the world guided by clear eyed assessment and based on assessment, fax, and judgment." was that a reference to donald trump? sec. james: i took the president's words literally. and what is going on today. he pointed out we are prosperous nation. we are, in the eyes of the world, those who always wish to emulate us in other countries. that has been my experience as we have traveled. we have challenges and need to remain focused. steve: he did make references to isolationism. was that a reference to the donald trump campaign and the republican likely nominee?

sec. james: he did not mention donald trump, or anyone in particular. that is why i took him word for word. presidents throughout the years have counseled we need to be an engaged united states on the world front. isolationism is not a good choice for us at this point in time, or has it been for decades. tom: i would like to talk about the fight against isil that the air force has taken a lead on. can you give us an update and if the air force has required assets and airmen that it needs to prosecute the fight since it has gotten more aggressive? sec. james: the fight against at pace.roceeding we have sent from the beginning that this would be a fight that would take years to prosecute. we are 2 years into it. we in the air force have then in the lead. we are not the only ones. it is a joint fight, a coalition fight. the air campaign is one element.

we need partners on the ground. ago, weback 2 years have retaken 30% to 40 percent of the territory from isil. we have hit them with high-value targets, their leadership. we have taken out command and control posts, their sources of revenue. we are making progress. ultimately, we need partners on the ground, and ultimately we need a political solution in this part of the world. tom: you also need more equipment. in september there was a requirement for more bombs because you were running through stockpiles. sec. james: you are right. we are in the process of replenishing those. with a respect to the number of people, i am an advocate in making the point that we need to increase the numbers of people in the air force. we are stepping up to the plate and getting the mission done, but we are deploying people over and over in a frequent way.

that takes its toll on people. we need to gradually bring up our strength. tom: you need more airmen? sec. james: i believe so, yes. richard: on the issue of more people, you will have 317,000 airmen by the end of fiscal year 17? sec. james: that's right. areard: thousand senate proposing more money for defense giving you 331,000, 41,000 more. the pentagon has resisted more money because of the way it is being provided through the wartime account. you have readiness concerns with the air force. why resist congress when they say "here is more money to improve readiness to get more people"? sec. james: i appreciate the sentiment from some in congress that believe we need to improve readiness, improve modernization , and, for the air force, increase modestly our strength. i think the sentiment is in the

right place. my concern is that anything that could undermine the bipartisan budget agreement could possibly return us to the days where we would lurch toward a government shutdown and ultimately not get things done. the top thing that we need's we need our bills to be passed on time, by the first of october. and ultimately, we need to keep focus on lifting cyclist ration, which will return in fiscal year sequestration,g which will return to us and fiscal year 18. those are the top things to me. the increases would be in wartime spending, which are not bound by budget caps. why not do it that way? the base budget is bound, wartime spending is not.

sec. james: i'm not an expert, but if there is an approach to its celery needs in terms of manpower, readiness, and modernization without undermining the bipartisan budget agreement, i am very interested. if we lurch toward government shutdowns in the government me is to work, that to far worse. i would rather do it gradually and not undermine what is a bipartisan agreement. we heard from defense secretary carter who said the u.s. is facing a dual threat china.rrorism and the china is building what he described as a self isolation wall. how big of a threat, long-term, do we face from china? sec. james: and there is russia and threats beyond that. china is investing and testing in certain areas. these are matters of concern to the united states. in respect to what is going on in the south china sea, multiple officials have said repeatedly fly andcontinue to

protect our rights under international loss. there is a lot of the world's trade that goes through the south china sea. it to all of the countries benefits that this is opened and governed by international law. steve: what is china's and game? sec. james: you would have to ask them. i know it they say, and i know what international law says. we are prepared to it here to that international law and protect our rights. there are many countries in the region that agree with us. tom: i would like to follow up on the south china sea. your head of command told me that he expects the chinese to establish an air defense identification zone over the south china sea requiring violence from other countries to identify themselves before they fly into the space, which is international airspace. how are your pilots repaired to

deal? will they respect that? sec. james: first of all, on behalf of the pilots, our pilots are trained and perform in professional airman ship ways. say we put focus on training and i have confidence in our pilots. with respect to how the united states would approach such a zone, it is my belief that coming we have already said, we would not recognize such a zone. we would continue to fly, in a professional way, within the confines of international law. richard: that sounds like it could generate conflict if the chinese are demanding that you identify yourself and you do not recognize the zone. isn't that a recipe for conflict? sec. james: what is a recipe for more conflict is declaring such as own in the first place. i come back to the professionalism of our airmen. i have complete confidence.

if i'm not mistaken china also declared at one time and air defense zone in east china sea. it was within one day or two days we did exercise our rights under international law and flew a b-52 mission through it. i come back to that we are steadfast behind international law and professionalism in the air. those are the 2 bedrock points. would you describe is the high-end fight against a foe like china or russia, only half of the air force's combat forces are ready. is the air force ready for a conflict against china when it is engaged against isil? as ijames: not as ready would like to see. we do not want a war with china, or anyone else. our job is to be prepared and to call it out if we need

additional resources or policy adjustments. i have been vocal, saying i'm not comfortable and our top commanders are not comfortable that we are fully ready in the case of such a high-end fight. what we need to do is to invest properly to get ourselves ready for the high-end fight. part of that investment needs to be in the gradual buildup of our people. we need more people, because being globally engaged in so many different parts of the world, you cannot be in two places at the same time with the same human being. we do need to build up our forces. we also need to plug holes in the maintenance arena, in the cyber security world, and in the important world of our remotely piloted aircraft. richard: would you estimate that cost, and how much time will it take? sec. james: we're looking at over the neck several years building up a total of about 8000 to 10,000 additional people

would do a great deal of help for the united states air force. richard: is there a price tag? sec. james: it would be in the hundreds of millions, to possibly over $1 billion over time. shoulddo you think women be required to register for the draft? sec. james: i think women should register for the selective service. i see no reason not to. this is a timely debate and people have differences of opinion. some say we do not need a selective service approach at all, because it has been years since the draft. my vote as an american, my opinion as an american, is that we should have a selective service. it is an insurance policy. i think women should register, just as i think young men should register. steve: any sense to what congress will do? sec. james: it is too close to call. it is in play in both houses of congress. we will have to wait to see how

it goes. tom: you have spoken about how you believe transgender troop should be able to serve openly in the military. that policy has been in development and the pentagon. can you tell us when you expect that policy to be approved and the ban withdrawn? sec. james: i think the the transgender policy should be complete in the next few months. it is proceeding. these are somewhat complex issues. by the way, i'm certain the policy will change. i'm certain the transgenders llowed to serve in a more open way. we're trying to get the specific policy matters underneath the umbrella policy matter so that we do it correctly and roll it out correctly. so if there's training required,

we have that in place. so we explain to commanders and troops how we will proceed. i would expect it in the next few months. strong objections in the uniformed service? that there is reaction against allowing transgender troops to serve openly? sec. james: there are differing opinions. i think the big piece of this, the one under the greatest review and discussion at the accession ofs the new people that are transgender. had we approach that? that is the final piece we are trying to get right. richard: another issue in the house and senate is a larger pay then for the troops the administration proposes. one point 6%, the house and senate are proposing for 2.1%. the overallribe affect financially. it turns out to be a lot of money.

does it put more money in and in listing member and sergeant's pockets, or not? sec. james: these are all modest increases. the difference between one point -- 1.6 or 2.1 are small pay raises. the key thing is we want to make sure military pay continues to go up. we have to do better in terms of comparability. we have to have military pay in the advocates be as good or better than summarily -- then summer only -- then similarly situated people in civilian life . a military compensation in the 1980's was behind, not comparable to the civilian sector. now it is. now we have close parity for most of the skill levels and

most of the jobs. there are exceptions, but for the most part we are comparable and have to keep it that way. the other thing we have to do is to make sure we have balance between people and compensation. their training and readiness. we have to look at the future and modernize. all of these accounts are important and we have to strike a reasonable balance. theard: when you speak to airman, is the issue of pay a big one? do they care between 1.6 and 2.1? sec. james: as i speak to airman, the biggest concern that they asked me about is, what does the future likely hold? are we likely to have decreasing numbers in the air force? are we likely to have involuntary separations? are we likely to grow? will i and my family have a precious degree of increased ability in the future? this is the number one source of

questioning i take. not so much the difference 2.1%.n 1.6% or there is a level of reassurance they feel when they realize that at least pay will go up modestly. richard: what you tell them? as long as i'm secretary of the air force i will continue to advocate strongly that we want the stability. we want to grow the air force. it will not be huge growth. maybe 8000 to 10,000 people, but that will contribute to readiness. it will contribute to a more reasonable degree of deployment, so people do not have to deploy over and over. that that isclear my top priority and i will do my best to deliver. heroin are as and growing epidemic and they are playing a larger role in tracking down vessels bringing drugs into the u.s..

can you talk about that? sec. james: i returned from latin america about six weeks ago. this was a theme we talked about quite a bit. latin america does not get the attention that the middle east gets, with good reason. obviously, we do not have a shooting war we are involved in in latin america. our neighbors to the south do not get the attention of other parts of the world, yet they have serious problems -- including drugs that flow across to our border. the question in my mind, and we will try to do better, is how do we use our training assets and dollars to put those aircraft and assets in latin america, get the training value for our people, and at the same time perform missions contributing to the counter drug operations. a double bang for the buck.

tom: what is an example? sec. james: i will give you one that was timely when i was down there. periodically, we use our b-52s so thening missions pilots and crew can exercise different aspects of their complete portfolio of responsibilities that they might not get in the fight against isil. we sent a b-52 through the caribbean to perform some of these duties that they needed to practice on. while they were out, they spied a drug vessel -- what they thought was a drug vessel. the idea was that they were calling in an asset from the coast guard to make an arrest. as it so happens, the coast guard vessel was too far away. the b-52 went back and flew as low as they could fly over the drug vessel, whereupon the

throughs panicked and the drugs overboard, destroying the drugs. how manyne example of hundreds of kilos of cocaine that did not reach u.s. shores on that day. by doing those missions, particularly when you can spot things on the ground and call-in law enforcement, this is a double bang or your training buck. richard: in hiroshima, president obama talked about a nuclear free world and a reduction in weapons stockpiles. at the same time, the defense department outlined $1 trillion over the next three decades to modernize the nuclear triad. how do you square those two things. a call for a reduction in nuclear weapons, and modernizing our arsenal? sec. james: the way i look at it, richard, our nuclear deterrent policy generally has

worked for the united states and kept the ultimate peace for 60 years or 70 years. i do not believe we should .hange horses midstream in order to have the nuclear deterrent carry forth into the decades to come, even though we all aspire for nuclear-free world, it is unlikely in my lifetime we will achieve it. to turn it needs to remain -- deterrent needs to remain strong. it needs to be modern and credible. if your potential adversaries believe you won't do it, can't do it, or isn't modern enough to do it, it isn't much of a deterrent value. modernizing is part of keeping peace in decades to come. ,t is taxpayer dollar involved but we have to figure out how to worked because it has for 60 years or 70 years. there are nuclear powers, and

more want to become nuclear powers, and we have to protect ourselves. richard: as the president looks back at his eight years in the white house, if you were to write the first paragraph of what he said on the military and american foreign policy, what would it be? sec. james: i'm a big supporter of the president. i think he has advanced the ball for our country in the areas of trade, important treaties, the military -- he has taken a very judicious approach. abroad inhe approach putting young men and women in harm's way very seriously. he has made a very big effort to learn from the mistakes and thinkps of the past to through if we are going to commit forces what the day after looks like. he has done it judiciously and put a premium on doing it with and through our partners around the world.

so we go as a team. we don't go alone whenever possible. i think he has done a great job advancing the ball in many ways. tom: i want to touch on diversity, which you have made a priority. why is it important to you to have a more diverse air force? a lot of the senior officers are white men. whats it important, and are you doing to achieve a more diverse force? sec. james: i am of the opinion that the war for talent is going to get harder. therefore, we have to recruit lrom the lightest poo possible. when we get fantastic people in the door am a we have to develop and retain them. that means we have to advance them through the forest. having diversity is important for the quality of our people and the quality of our thinking. meaning innovation, i'm convinced, comes from different

people from different backgrounds that approach problems differently. that is part of diversity as well. that is why it is important. we have specific initiatives we have put forth that we are tracking, that we will track over time that are designed to increase the number of women and minorities, people from different that grounds. that areds, period, advancing through the force on the enlisting and officer side. it has to do with innovation. richard: a transparency question. there is a standoff between the air force and the senate armed services committee against the .e-21 -- b-21 they want developments over the contract and the air force has inclined to give them to the committee before. why has the air force not given that information to the committee?

is there concern over the overall number of becoming public? sec. james: we have provided those details. we have provided dozens of defenses to the 4 committees, individual members and staff. we have provided the contract value, which is classified. though specific details have been provided to all 4 committees. we are prepared to go back over and over again. the reason some of these things are in the classified world, and some things are in the classified world in a well-established way that congress provides oversight to the department of defense on those classified programs. being handled in the same way. the people that need to know do know. we will give them updates as things progress and as they wish. the reason it is important we keep these things classified is that we want to provide enough information to the public at

large, but not so much that our adversaries, who perhaps do not piece togetheran bits and pieces of information and make deductions about size, weight, and power. certain contract details could unexpectedly provide those details. this is the secret sauce of the united states, and we feel it is in the way to go. the people in congress that need to know, do no. you are with the president when the thunder boards flew overhead for the air force graduation ceremony. one of the planes crashed with the pilot ejecting. what do you know? sec. james: the details are sketchy. after the thunderbird demonstration was complete, and the thunderbirds were getting close to landing, thunderbird 6, the sixth aircraft, was having

difficulty coming in and approaching the landing area. the pilot, because he is a fantastic pilot, took measures to avoid buildings and homes. ect fromable to ej the aircraft before it faced down in an open field. the pilot was able to walk under his own power after the incident. he was nevertheless taken to the hospital for observation and checking. the whole matter will go into an accident investigation board, the standard procedure. it will take a couple of months to get fully to the bottom of what happened. avoidedt ejected and we albums on the ground and thecent loss of life here president was able to see the pilot before he was taken to the hospital. steve: deborah lee james. thank

you for joining us on "newsmakers" sec. james: thank you for having me. steve: we continue our conversation with tom vanden brook and richard lardner. let me begin on some of the social issues that the air force secretary touched on. what is your take away? tom: we were just speaking that she is one of the most senior officials to talk about the need for women, or her desire to have them sign up for the selective service for the draft. a significant departure from what we have heard from other officials. it is significant to note that she anticipates the ban on transgender troops serving openly to be relaxed or withdrawn later this summer. steve: part of the overall debate we will see in congress over the defense authorization act, what are you looking at? richard: that is a big issue. in the house, they had it in the

bill, and it was taken out at the last minute and never made it to the floor. it is in the senate-version. there are social conservatives opposed to this. ted cruz, mike lee, they offered an amendment to have it taken out. they don't want it to happen. the odds for drafter very remote. this is a social touchstone. this countryhold has never crossed. we have never had women register for the draft. you may hear congress say "yes, they need to." it is an important milestone for that reason. republicans have been critical of democrats for slow walking the act. will we see corrections this week? planning toy're have voted on one of the first amendment on monday evening at 5:30. we will see. right before the break, harry

reid, the democratic leader, held up the bill. he is upset over the lack of funding for zika and other domestic programs. we will have to see >> we talked about isis and the south china sea and the role of the air force and trying to combat the import of drugs in the country. where do you see the air force moving ahead in the long picture in the next 10-15 years? >> it's going to be in the forefront depending on who is the next president. there's been a reluctance to commit ground troops, so where does that would be? leave you? airplanes during most of the fighting. i do not think there will be any diminishment in the need for the air force to keep flying. >> and a sentence or two, the present legacy in regards to the military is what?

richard: mixed. there is a readiness crisis. the service seems to have described this up on the hill, but budget and stability. ae inability to work out long-term budget with republicans in congress has stymied the efforts to modernize armed forces. >> more than 150,000 troops deployed when he took office. around 15,000 when he leaves office. , both of you, thanks for being with us. we appreciate it. >> thank you. >> today, former president bill clinton campaigns for democratic presidential candidate hillary clinton at a get out to vote event in los angeles. live coverage of his remarks at 3:15 p.m. eastern here on c-span.

citizens have got to feel that their vote matters, that their voice matters, and whether they cannot spare a single cent to help a person running for office or whether they can write that their concerns, their struggles will be listened to and followed up on. >> tonight on "q&a," wisconsin senator tammy bowen talks about her career. helped shepherd the change were notenators appointed by the legislatures but demanded elections. i do not know if it was the first, but the idea that it was not going to be the party bosses who made the decision of who the nominees were in smoke-filled

back rooms, but rather the people who were going to get a in free and fair elections. >> tonight at 8:00 p.m. eastern on c-span's "q&a." >> now, a discussion on how to combat isis and al qaeda, hosted by the global alliance for terminating al qaeda. among the speakers is the political advisor to syrian president assad. this is two hours and 15 minutes. >> in the name of god, the most merciful, thank you all for coming today. good morning. everybody to stand for

9/11ent for the victims of , the victims of isis and al qaeda in baghdad, san bernardino, boston, brussels, mosul, afghanistan, and the children have been burned alive in a cage. i do ask everybody to stand up for one minute as a respect to the american heroes who are fighting isis and al qaeda in fightingevery hero isis and al qaeda in iraq. please stand up for one minute.

thank you. first of all, i like to introduce myself. i am the founder of global alliance for terminating al qaeda and after a couple of months actually isis isis is a newnd version of al qaeda. it's like windows 7 to windows eight to windows 10. first of all, i would like to introduce the organization as a nonprofit organization started in florida.

we are limited in budget. we don't have much money, but our message is so powerful. we are not associated with any government or any group. about ourn i talk my guests gafta, with speakers, they represent themselves and represent their opinion. when we invite a speaker, it does not mean we endorse them. mission and our own goal and our own vision. we believe that we are unique in our vision and we believe we do have the solution to terminate the evil isis and al qaeda from the face of the earth.

i've been inspired by president obama. yes, we can. yes, we can terminate them. if we know what we are doing and problemse light on the -- where is it. it is very complicated and not an easy job. to fight isis and al qaeda, you not fight them all militarily. it is a product of the complicity of the region. products of too many factors from the ideology they carry, from countries it became a proxy war. it became a proxy war today and we have been stuck with the status quo. i understand. there's a lot of differences within government, within religion, within societies. we have differences.

as a human being, we are made with differences. that is why we have united nations that will solve problems with our differences, but when it comes to isis and al qaeda, there is no difference. we all should unite to terminate this evil. we cannot do it unless we have understanding. who is the good, who is the bad, and who is the ugly? the good, the bad, the ugly -- it's very important to note that. it is clear that we have differences, but we in gafta have been inspired by a picture rooseveltond war when , president of the united states toamerica, sitting next

stalin, a bad guy. he is evil. what makes roosevelt and churchill, the head of capitals m, speak with ahead of communism? simple -- hitler. the bad hitler. makes the east and the west to the united to evilate hitler and the ideological of the nazis who burned 6 million innocent jewish and a war that we cannot keep silent. hero.elt, a we are proud of roosevelt when he has the courage to stand. he said we have to be united to destroy the nazis and hitler.

and they did and they succeeded smashingly. we have been inspired by this picture. this picture, today ladies and gentlemen, we did not have stalin. but we have worse than hitler, isis and al qaeda. isis and al qaeda are worse than hitler. they occupied land for three years. the everyday path, we are heading toward a disaster. how come? the whole world condemns isis and al qaeda and until now we let them stay. how come? that's what makes our .rganization every organization has a reason.

i do not call them accept evil and criminals. they are dirty people, not islamic. not islamic -- that is the biggest mistake. it is not islamic. isis is not islamic. al qaeda is not islamic. terrorists cannot be islamic. we are sending the wrong message to isis and al qaeda. they are happy and inspired to call them islamic. it is not a military war. it is an ideological war plus military war plus media what plus psychological war. the one aspect we have to be careful even when we use terminology with this criminal

this to call them islamic terrorists. gentlemen, i came from a city -- i was born in baghdad. there is more than 20,000 city like maybe new york city or like chicago. imagine in boston how we get panic here, but imagine a city daily, i'm talking with the right now and explosion might happen. even they don't put them in the news. within half an hour, they clean the streets. it's like nothing happened, like a car accident, nothing.

today in fact that, they do not call them terrorists. they are not terrorizing the nation. they are not terrorizing the people. ven isis and al qaeda got tired. no one pays attention. i salute baghdad as the city taking in 20,000 terrorists and baghdadpeople of have the resilience and determination to continue the fight against isis and al qaeda. lot.ity is teaching us a today, we are at the moment. we should terrorize this evil. there is political differences. i know in this meeting that i see hundreds of calls -- what is going on?

are you sure what you are doing? yes, we are sure. yes, we have a mission. our mission is to terminate isis and al qaeda from the face of the earth. how can we terminate them without terminating their ideology? they are not islamic. when you call them islamic, isis says thank you, thank you so much. that is what i am wondering. specifically to the republican party, be careful when you use islamic terrorists. i do salute president obama when he insists to call them thugs and thieves and terrorists and refuse to call them islamic. there is 1.8 billion muslims who are victims of isis and al qaeda ready to join us in the fight. as an american muslim, i'm ready to volunteer and fight physically al qaeda under the leadership of president obama.

asked would you like to volunteer, i bet you would see thousands of american muslims ready to fight isis and al qaeda in iraq and syria, ready to do it. hospitalsrs in the from congressman from soldiers fighting the amount, there are muslims and american army. it is strong to do that. i give advice to donald trump -- you have a wrong advisor. say to the american muslims, sorry, i do not mean you. wahabism,ke the hobbits am

100% is against al qaeda. interpreted the crew on the way they like it. and they teach evil. right now as i'm talking with you, think of arabia keeping silent about scholars teaching hate and killing. they are teaching that. they are teaching that daily. are allies.bians everyone knows this war became a proxy war. it is a proxy war. there are differences in the area between iran and israel and turkey and some people to the side. the state department has a list of people who support isis

financially and al qaeda, all coming from arabia and turkey. oilsands of trucks full of export from turkey. everybody truce with and they are doing business and nobody stops them. this countr -- these countries are allies. it is a proxy war. our organization is time to break the status quo and create a new environment, a new environment. know, like bush are all assad, no problem. brought a speaker with of a view.

the problem is syria and iraq. army -- the iraq he fighting in iraq. that is why i invited somebody from iraq who represents the mobilization. and has comented to talk. we have the status quo. that is itople say anchored by iran. it is anchored by superpowers like russia and iran. ssad goes, who's going to take over? not the moderate opposition. there's not even 3% or 4% on the

ground. is coinciding with ron paul and the senator richard black. we also agree with chuck hagel, who resigned from security of defense. he resigned because of the issue of syria. another question to ask -- why syria? isis came to iraq from syria. within minutes, a second attack on mosul, the city of my mother, by the way. i'm in touch with them and they said they would rather die than to live under isis. they need help. they knew the whole world to wake up and please come and help us and save us.

so we have the status quo. today in iraq, we terminated isis and syria would let them. in one month, they're going to come back against. when you have a termite, you tent the building and you terminate the termite. if you wantqaeda -- to destroy them in iraq, you cannot do have the job. you have to do complete jobs. it has to be a package totally, i. i know i'm limited in time. i do have the signal light that time is over. we have a question and answer at the end of the program. i would love to introduce to you .oday to the imam

he will present husseini and an american muslim. he will give you the vision. to the national dnc. he was invited one time and he was in the news. and he is well spoken one of the founders of the iraqi opposition. he is the one invited by president george bush. lovable.popular and so he is going to give you bit image about american muslims and islam and he will tell you the stance not from isis or w ahhabism. i love to introduce them to you. thank you so much. [applause]

>> a very revolutionary speech that you have given. .ood morning, everybody the peace of god be on you all. it is an honor to be here with you in washington, d.c. to speak theou about the problem of time, the generation -- terrorism and how can we solve it. who is i behind it? is it growing or getting less? who's getting hurt? in this 15 minutes, i do not know how i will do that, but let me give it a try. arabic]g

that is in the holy book of the koran. the same thing that was said in the torah, the same thing that he said in the bible. the koran is different cookies but the same daough. that said, whoever killed an innocent person like he or she killed the whole humanity. whoever saved a human being has saved the whole humanity. here we have a global goal -- christian, jewish, muslim. we have to unite against terrorism because terrorism has religion,nd no against all humanity. we are not here as shiite fighting sunni. half of my family is sunni and have the shiite.

there is about 40% of baghdad population, about 8 million people. 40% are integrated. the problem is not a religion, it is not faith. there is new evil. there is an enemy of god, an enemy of humanity, and its name is isis. this kind of germs re-create themselves. it's like a hollywood movie. you kill them and they come back again. they used to be al qaeda and then they become isis. what is going on? first of all, we are in a global mission and it's not only an mission.

, ais peace against evil bloody evil like isis. the second point is we have to have a plan. there is a holy plan from a religious point of view. there is a holy history. there is a christianity and judaism here as the children of isaac. there are muslims and arabs that are children of ishmael. i'm not going to take too much time. we will have a museum and we will show it. but there is a similarity. there are 12 disciples from the side. 12 sons of jacob. imams here. there is st. john the baptist. the point is that there is a

savior on the side name jesus. we are waiting for him to come to the earth for peace and justice. i am muslim and i believe in that. he is the son of virgin mary. it is not normal to say that, but that's what we believe in. we cannot deny jesus or moses or abraham to go to heaven. this is what islam means -- peace. we have a savior on the side, who has a holy plan. they're going to come and meet. maybe they will appear in mecca. they will pray together and fill the earth with peace and justice. the problem is that there is a denial for this holy plan of god. the denial of jesus and mehdi are united. the believers of jesus and mohammed, the children of abraham should unite against evil and terrorism. there is a time limit.

there is a goal and there is a plan and that is a time. we cannot wait. saddamt a little bit for and look at what he has done to my people. i've got some of the people and friends and family members. why did we wait that long? is it because of interest? we should not prefer interest against the goal of value. if you do not do it now, if you do not unite with the iraqi isis, theyerminate in belgium, in france, in california, iraq, lebanon, syria, pakistan, india, all around the world. why did you wait that long? if you wait a little bit more,

by the way, there's something called superbugs. superbugs have a strong immunity. by the way, 30% of antibiotics and not helping and they are stopping using it. it's a bacteria used to antibiotics. that's what isis is getting used to. they are getting to europe, to america. help us to stop this bacteria. otherwise it will kill us all. so there are 3400 terrorists coming from europe through iraq. to syria, to it's going to be ideology. turkey is sending to us and iraq a killer. arabia is supporting them with money. and the west, some of them give them weapons.

how can we win that battle? you cannot say to the world we are anti-isis but you help them. you have to mean what you say and say what you mean. and faithat religious and god is teaching us. you cannot only worry about yourself. you cannot only worry about your people. you have to worry about what god wants you. god wants you to bring peace to the whole humanity. why is there one person getting killed in europe by terrorists? what about iraqi people? a couple weeks ago, 300 people got killed and injured and wounded. i swear to god that you cannot figure out whose hands and legs are whom. why is it one person getting

killed in europe that everyone gets worried? is the blood a different color? it's the same color. they are both human beings. ran, said in the ko all human beings are of one nation. it's dividing iraq and uniting the world. they want to create a country in the north in if humans, then we won't have a united states of america. every statement gone on. every state would go on their own. so there has to be justice. the just a test to be based on values. you cannot have justice in the court without value.