including their efforts to combat poverty. next, the future of iran iaeaative on the recent report on the implementation of the iranian nuclear deal nearly one year since the agreement was announced. the untold story of the campaign that started it all talks about the history and lasting impact of the 1976 republican convention and the role it played in setting the stage for ronald reagan's election four years later. be sure to watch c-span's washington journal. join the discussion. defense secretary ashton

carter discussed efforts to modernize the military at the tech summit monday. to do airent decision strikes against the taliban in afghanistan. this is about an hour. >> thank you for having me here, for organizing an extraordinary gathering and for riding on the airplane with me to all over the world. we do very much appreciate that. i want to thank all of you. all of you participants's's from what is america wonderful, innovative, open technology community. it is one of our country's

great strengths. i am committed to building -- at the pentagon and innovators throughout the nation. from the tech innovators in silicon valley, yes, but many other hubs and places around the country. i visited silicon valley four times as secretary of defense, but a week before last was with the submarine engineers in an electric boat in connecticut. it is very widespread. it is the pride of the country and the strength of the country, our entire technology base. as we continue building these bridges, i am also focused on promoting the great innovators who are within the department. in the labs, schools, on the battlefield. you heard from some of them today. our innovators, our senior leaders involved in both of these critical and interconnected missions. alongside the many technology and business and academic leaders who joined the discussion today, they play a critical role in accelerating the spirit and innovation we need to maintain our edge in a

complex and changing world. what i wanted to do is describe the logic of my commitment to this agenda. the actions we are taking to pursue it. describe how these efforts and they continued creativity and engagement of so many of you will enable us to meet the challenges of today and tomorrow. now, when i began my career as kevin pointed out in physics, most technology of consequence of originated in america. much of that was sponsored i the government, articulate he the department of defense -- particularly the department of defense. today we are still sponsors, but more technology is global. the technology base is commercial. indeed, the security environment today is also dramatically different from the way it was 25 years ago. requiring new ways of investing and operating in its own right.

we have come a today, as you know, no fewer than five immediate strategic challenges countering the prospect of russian aggression and coercion, especially europe, managing historic change in the vital asia-pacific region where china is rising, which is fine, but i -- but behaving aggressively, which is not. strengthening our deterrent and defense forces in the face of north korea's nuclear provocations, checking uranian aggression in the gulf, and confronting terrorism, including accelerating the certain defeat of isil in iraq and syria, and wherever it metastasizes in places like afghanistan. since, moreover, we have a pretty good record of never predicting successfully the strategic future.

we have to also be flexible and agile preparing for it. preparing for unknowns we cannot anticipate. in the department of defense we do not have the luxury of choosing between these challenges, or between acting in the present and investing in the future. we have to accommodate both changes in technological landscape and strategic landscape, we have to do it all. to stay ahead of these challenges and stay the best i have been pushing the pentagon, all of us, to think outside of the five sided box and invest aggressively in innovation with innovative technologies and innovative practices, and innovative people. let me address each of those intern.

first we are investing in high and technologies to enhance our own asymmetric and hybrid capabilities. overall the budget invests nearly $72 billion in r&d. let me give you context -- that is more than double what apple intel, and google spent last year combined. that includes 12.5 billion specifically invested in science and technology to support groundbreaking work happening in the dozens of labs and engineering centers across the country, as you just heard about from mary miller. it also includes investments and work in innovative companies, and universities and darpa to develop and advance some of the disruptive technologies and capabilities that steve walker talked about earlier today.

we are making groundbreaking advances in areas like undersea systems, hypersonic's, electronic warfare, big data analytics, advanced material, energy and propulsion, robotics, autonomy, and advanced computing. those funds also support the growing nationwide network of public, private manufacturing innovation institutes. we are working with companies, universities and research labs to fund technologies like 3-d printing, advanced materials, integrative or tonics, and digital manufacturing and design. we announce a new one this spring, focused on revolutionary textiles. the combined fibers with electronics to create fabrics that can sense, q medicaid, store energy, monitor health, change color, much more. another we announced last fall is focused on flexible hybrid electronics which makes it possible to shape lightweight, structural integrity structures

on ships, bridges, aircraft and so on. meanwhile, also investing to continue to make dod a leader in cyber security. the department of defense has three missions in cyberspace. first, the highest priority -- defending the networks and weapon system. they are no good if they have been hacked. our second mission is to help our partners across the government defend the nation against cyber attacks from abroad. the third mission is to provide offense of cyber options that can be used in a conflict, as we are doing now against isil in iraq and syria. the latest defense budget, we are investing more in all three missions, a total of $35 billion in the next five years. a great deal of that is helping to modernize and secure dod's hundreds of networks. all the while, where pushing forward with breakthroughs in cyber technology by creating network defenses that can swiftly adapt to threats and self patch practically in

real-time. innovation -- technical innovation and investment is necessary, but not sufficient. we have to pursue innovative practices. the world we live in demands it. the cold war with characterized by strength of the leaders happening more weapons. today's era of competition is characterized by the additional variables of speed and agility. leading the race now depends on who can out innovate faster. it is no longer just a matter of what we buy, it also matters a lot how we buy them. how quickly we buy them, whom we buy them from. how quickly and week -- and creatively we are able to use

them in different ways, all of this to stay ahead of future threat. our dod labs and engineering centers are embracing new methods to meet the needs faster, more efficiently and effectively. we have encouraged this. i have encouraged this through persistent reform such as better buying power. six years ago, under secretary of logistics, dod began that are buying power, and initiative of -- an initiative to continuously improve the way we bought. under frank kendall, we are under a third version of that. focused on reducing cost growth and cycle time through greater use of prototypes, modular open systems and architectures, and accelerating the integration of commercial technology. it all comes down to meeting the needs of the war fighter faster, more efficiently, and more effectively. it is an intensely competitive world. this is a particular focus of dod strategic capabilities office. you heard about that from will roper. when i created it in 2012, i was deputy secretary of defense, i

did that to help reimagine existing systems and our inventory by giving them new roles and game changing additional capability that would confound our enemies. we are building fast. i think you mentioned this -- resilient micro drones. we are developing an arsenal plain. we have network defense aircraft. these are just a couple of examples about what they're doing. stay tuned. tuesday innovative going forward, dod has to continue to be open to new ideas and new partnerships, that is why we have embarked on initiatives like the start of insula can -- start up in silicon valley. another one to come. i was there last month to announce we are iterating the effort to be next level. several new features.

it is a nationwide release. there is a second office to be located in boston. you'll hear more about that in july. we will have more processing power since the budget requests will boost new funding to direct towards nontraditional companies with emerging commercially-based technologies that meet our military needs. of course its principal purpose is to connect innovative companies with that $72 billion of annual overall innovation funding. we have upgraded the operating system with a new partnership style your ship structure led by raj shaw, a combat veteran and cofounder and ceo of a

successful technology startup. great guys. we will keep iterating together and learning from each other going forward. . that is the point. that is also a reason why i had recently created the defense innovation board. to advise me and future defense secretaries on how to continue holding bridges to be technology community. how we can continue to change to be more competitive. i am pleased that eric schmidt is serving as the first chair. he is doing a great job putting together the rest of the board. today i can tell you this board will include for example, reid hoffman, the lead of linkedin.

former commander admiral build bill mcraven, and walter isaacson. we have additional innovators lined up. stay tuned. they will begin their work over the summer. i expect to receive their first recommendations in the fall. among other things i have charged them with helping keep the secretary of defense to keep the dod imbued with a culture of innovation and -- in people, organizations, and technology. to support people who innovate. support those creative figures in the department willing to try new things, fail fast and innovate and iterate and ensure that we are always doing everything we can to stay ahead of potential adversaries. i stress innovation in people

because as good as america's technology is, it is nothing compared to the people. they are the key reason why the military is the finest fighting force in the world. in the future we have to continue to recruit and retain the very best talent for what is after all, and all volunteer force. that is why we are building what i call the force of the future, to ensure amidst all of the changes in generations, technologies, and labor markets, we are always postured to bring in, developed, and retain the best young men and women that america has to offer. as part of that, we are implementing new initiatives to give some of our own people military and civilians the opportunity to get out, spend time outside and learn how the rest of the world works outside of our walls. for example we are broadening the corporate fellows program, including by opening it up to qualified enlisted personnel. we also have a pilot program which lets people take a sabbatical from the military service for a few years while they get a degree, learning new skills, or start a family. we are looking for ways to allow more of america's brightest minds to come into the dod, maybe for a short time. maybe for one project.

but to contribute to the great mission of protecting america and making a better world. we are bringing in resident entrepreuners. we will hire a chief recruiting officer. as we have in the past with dave packard, cofounder of hp who also served as secretary of defense. he is one of the people who got me into this business. we have created the new defense digital service, you heard from chris lynch earlier today. he is helping us bring encoders with companies like google and shopify for what we call a tour of duty. they have solved problems like improved data sharing to make sure veterans get access to the benefits. we are also nearing completion, as i stand here today, of our pilots program called cap the hack the pentagon.

this is similar to the bug bounties that meeting -- many leading tech companies have. we are conducting the first ever one done by the federal government. it has exceeded our expectations. over 1400 hackers registered, they have discovered over 100 bugs so far. they are helping us to be more secure at a fraction of the cost. in a way that enlists the brilliance of the hackers rather than wait to learn the lessons of the blackadder. the force is full of talented people, some active-duty, but also reservist who have saved networks for us by hunting down

intruders, performing forensics that help keep them secure, and combating adversaries in a cyber realm. these are some of the actions we are taking to build the force in the future in a way that reinforces our innovation initiative. we also have announced action to help retain talent. helping to retain service members by helping them balance their commitments to the force and their families, through expanded maternity and paternity leave, extended childcare hours on bases, and by offering

military members of families the possibility of geographic deployment like stability in return for additional service commitments. yesterday, i announced the next links. the pentagon courtyard to expand our ability to attract, train and retain the best talent america has to offer. on the military side we have proposed changes to the promotion system to allow military officers to pursue broadening opportunities like earning a doctorate or pursuing other advanced training, or doing a tour with industry. to temporarily defer when they are considered for promotion without being penalized by timeline restrictions. a very big move. we have also moved to allow civilians with specific skill sets such as cyber and other scientific and technical qualifications to enter the officer ranks at a level commiserate with their experience. we currently do this with doctors, but not other jobs. they are not only high skill, but also hard to fill. rapidly changing and in high demand by the private sector. we are proposing changes that would foster innovation to our civilian workforce.

for example, we have proposed allowing recruiters to hire top talent directly from college campuses. again, the first time for us. a kid graduate, will not wait around for an offer from the government. they will not wait six months. we are expanding dod scholarship for service program. building to a talent exchanges with the private sector. we will better leverage our existing authorities to hire qualified experts. today wheeling only have 90 such people across the department. you have heard from two of them today. chris lynch and will roper. i am sure you agree that we are better off with their service. we will be well served to include more thinkers like them directly contributing to the mission of national defense. the all volunteer force is a critical part of the military

edge. everyone should understand this need in my commitment. we have always been able to out innovate the enemies because we have our people, the builders, innovators from the military and civilian force, as well as the contractors and the nation's overall wonderful strength, which is its technology-based. people that think creatively, they are flexible. we have been able to combine our advanced technology with creative operational practices to solve a problem at hand. in order for our people to continue accelerating the breakthroughs in progress that ensure our continued dominance, we have to back them up with the freedom to innovate and take risks. also a stable and secure funding environment. this last reason is why i remain concerned about proposals in the draft defense bills in congress that would undercut the bipartisan budget agreement, reached last year. it was supposed to guide the

budget for two years. the unraveling of bipartisanship could end up in a return of sequester, which is our greatest risk as a department. also objectionable in a time of war, provisions cutting the overseas were fighting accounts. -- war fighting accounts. there are also new and and studied managerial appraisals, adding and moving boxes here and there, that the department's leadership is not recommended. i would hope that such micromanagement will not be a feature of any enacted. we all play a role in ensuring the success of the national security mission. for those interested in foreign policy and national security, a lot of problems to work on. it is also true for those interested in technology. the intersection of the two is truly an opportunity rich, and very fulfilling environment. i want to thank you all for being here today. for considering the words of the

forward thinking individuals from government, business, and academia who have shared their thoughts with you. my pledge to you is that you will always have a strong and willing partner in america's department of defense. we may not know how to do it, but we are trying to do it -- we might not do it perfectly, but we are always trying to do it better. helping defend your country for you, helping defend your country, and make it a better world is one of the noblest things a business leader or entrepreneur or young person can do with their life. we are grateful to all of you here for the passion, the interests, the spirit of innovation that makes us all stronger and safer. thank you. [applause]

kevin: thank you, mr. secretary for those remarks and thoughts. some of us have heard you say repeatedly through the year in your effort. maybe one way to start off -- as i was sitting there listening to you go to the new efforts and expansions, this room just heard from a lot of folks who are interested, but skeptics as well is that what you're trying to do either on the whole or specifically with the silicon valley outreach. do understand the skepticism? perhaps the better question is, if -- you just posted the budget for the effort would jump to $30 million. there is new leadership. a lot of folks who know the

defense department think that is not a lot impaired to what the defense department spends. why is this not something with a three-star general, a staff of 500, a really world-class level dod expected thing? sec. carter: two good points. first of all, are we iterating -- it is exterior mental for a reason. -- experimental for a reason. we are trying to excel. that is why i just made the changes. that is fine. that is like good innovators do. they start one direction and decide they should adjust. that is what we are doing. that will continue to happen, by the way. the fact that we are doing that, and in fact we are establishing more reflects my confidence in the basic idea. which is to have another way, just another way, because we have many, of connecting to the wonderful innovative ecosystem of the united states.

it is a way of signifying that and making a final -- funel that can come into the up -- department, $72 billion worth. it is the connection that is important. i also want diox because it will be an exchange place and trading post from which innovative people come back and forth to have some money when it is itself sees the opportunity. one of the principal things it is doing is connecting innovative people to our mission. where they can plug-in from the department of defense. that is the focus. as you know, because of your own expertise, we have constantly to work on -- i will use in engineering term -- the

impedance match between government and industry. not all of that gulf will all be bridged. where we can change the way we operate to make us more connected to those who are agile, that is principally the areas -- the speed at which we act, the speed at which we make decisions, the speed at which we can allocate funding to r&d, we need to do that, otherwise we will not be the most agile. in today's world, if you are not the most agile, you are not the best. we have to be be best to protect ourselves. we will keep changing everything we are doing here that i described. in a good sense and just kind of way. that is the spirit. i am confident in the concept of doix because i am confident that connecting the defense department to the world of innovation is one of the secrets

to america's future military strength. kevin: tell me more about the progress of that connection and bridging the gap. i think, we talked about this a little on the right home --ride home. the secretary was the first defense secretary to go to the world economic forum. but as a fish out of water place for military guys. bankers in switzerland of all places. really not for the military. the reception was fairly warm. i remember asking you then, i wanted to give a progress report. the reception your hearing or feeling from the firms you are meeting. they both have the ceo level, compared to the perception of the reporting of the groundswell of the divide between these people. what is the reality and why are they willing to bridge the gap? is it because it is good for

business or a newer sense of patriotism. sec. carter: the reaction generally is overwhelmingly gratifyingly positive. that is not because we are so great at what we are doing, or how we approach, but because these are people who want to make a difference in life. that is why they are in our innovative culture. it is in their nature to make a difference. the mission really inspires people. keeping people safe, creating that life that allows people to get up in the morning and take their kids to go -- to school, leave them safely, go to work, live their lives, stream their dreams, raise their families -- creating that environment, contributing to that mission -- that is inspiring. these are people who want to act in an inspired way. they want to make a difference and contribute. when they see our mission, they

are attracted. that is why i do this. that is why all of the people do this. are there reservations? there are 2 principal reservation. the first, i hope it's not too clunky to connect to. there, that puts the burden on door,try to open up the courageous act match -- create that match that makes it possible and easier for people to connect to us. that is how ideas go back and forth. we have to make that easier. the other thing, are we going to put any restrictions on people? there we also try to minimize restrictions and the intrusiveness. we understand that this is an

open business community, that the internet is open. and a free internet is a value by itself. we are defending our society. we are adapting to that as well. hesitations are that people legitimately have. it is our job to overcome them. executives was elon musk. ?hat was that talk about sec. carter: it was about innovation. this is one of the great innovators of our country. it was gratifying to me. he and i have a great relationship. business. talk other people did that for me, but we were talking innovation in every way. i am looking for people like that.

that is why the defense innovation board is a so important. i want those with innovative experience to say, this is something that i did that worked. i can say to myself, hm, i wonder if i can apply that here. everybody does that outside. i said, why aren't we doing that? it turned out to be no reason why we could not do it. so we did it. and it has been really great. >> what are some of the challenges that come in from all of this? this is the first year for you. you have been deputy secretary, undersecretary. you have been trying to streamline acquisitions for a long time. i am sure folks are familiar with program editing. what are your proudest achievements so far? what has to happen sooner? sec. carter: there are additional things.

one, we are trying to be efficient. as acquisition executive, it was a big priority to get better buying power, to make sure that we get the best use of the taxpayer dollar. we owe them that. by the way, importantly, it's easier for me to go and argue with congress, which is difficult in today's environment. i mentioned gridlock and everything. i need to argue for the money we need to protect ourselves. i am better off arguing for that if i can also show that we are using every dollar that we give us well. i was not satisfied with that as undersecretary for logistics. i wanted to improve that. i still want to improve that. my successor wants to prevent. that also is an imperative in every business. constantly get leaner,

constantly do better, drive costs down. we have to do that in our programs too. we get more for the dollar and more trust for the dollar. then we have to be innovative in our war practices too. i told you about the 5 problems we face now. you follow closely what we are doing with isil. we will defeat them. we have to defeat isil. it is a new kind of enemy. that means we have to be innovative. we will use air power. we are using all kinds of partners that we can work with. governto hold and territory. but we are using new things that we had not used before, like cyber. you say, i don't know how to prioritize -- we have to be innovative across the board. i am completely committed to it.

moreover, i think it is widely understood in our department that that is a key to the future. it is not just me. you have heard it from others today. most people in our society know that to be good, you have to be helpful. >> we know you have a hard stop to leave. you mentioned isil. i wanted to ask about that. aesh"d a panel "darpa to d about the speed of the fighters getting to today's warfront, which is increasingly more special operators. are you satisfied with the pace of technology reaching those guys now? sec. carter: never. any question you asked me, if i am satisfied? no, because we have to do better. >> that is not to indict us. it means we have to aspire to do better.

sec. carter: no, getting stuff out in the field faster and faster is important. for 7the experience years, most of the lion's share of that time in iraq and afghanistan, getting things into the field. wrap, whichof the m saved lives, we had to do things outside the system. yourself, what kind of system do you had, where in order to get the war fighter what they need, you have to go outside the system? we have a system that is basically meant to buy things over a long period of time. and the best things. that is a problem when you have ongoing operations. by the way, it's a problem in a rapidly changing world.

making our acquisition system run more quickly. the war taught us some things. otherwise there's not a whole lot to say about having a war. we had to do what we had to do. people made great sacrifices for it. but it did have one silver lining on i t, which is we learned a lot about agility. stuff.our counter i.e.d sadly we made advances in medicine and responses to things like tbi, prostheses, and other places. but in today's fights and also in the fights we don't want, but could happen, say, north korea. again, you have to be innovative. if something happened there, what would i wish i had done?

what tomorrow would i wish i had done today? you don't want that wishlist to be very long. >> there is a sense that because of the wars, that it is a special operator focus. at the same time, we have 2 aircraft carriers in the same region. we have nuclear concerns. we still have big war worries. sec. carter: full-spectrum. you're absolutely right. from what is called high end. even the low end, you can consider the counter isil fight low end, but no fight is truly low end. so we have to do it all, and we are alert to that. we stand watch and a north korea. every slogan there is "ready to fight tonight." nobody wants to do that, but we are ready. >> one more question.

i will make sure we are on schedule for the secretary. but out of the news out of the last day, there were reports out of afghanistan, that rules will change to allow for greater strikes. can you confirm or expand on what is changing? sec. carter: no, i can. the president made a decision to enable the commander to have act additional authority to proactively. that is to anticipate situations in which the afghan security forces would benefit from our support. this is using the forces we have here in a better way, basically, as we go through the fighting season. yes, rather than simply be reactive. this makes good sense. it is a good use of the combat

power that we have there. obviously our mission is the same, which is to help the afghans maintain control of the country. and to avoid having a counterterrorism challenge once again from afghanistan. so that is what we are up to. this will now enable our this in a more effective way, using the forces that he has. the president gave it his will support and i am grateful for that. it is a good move to make. it should help us help the afghans even better this fighting season. >> thanks for answering. we have limited time.

these things go fast, and it depends on on how fast you read the speech. [laughter] let's go to one question hopefully. ahead, we dido start a little late. i don't want to drive you. give a short answer. >> thank you mr. secretary. i know you are very busy. i we lost military advantage against china because of their increasing research? to regaine we poised some of that advantage with the third offset strategy? sec. carter: yes and yes. i mean, china has, in the last its economy,roved the standard of living of its

people. and with that comes advanced of its military capabilities, no question. we have a number of allies and friends in the region that we work with. there always watching determined equation, not just with respect to china, north korea and others. you might have mentioned russia also, which is trying to improve its military capability. all these are different situations. we are not looking for conflict with any of those. but do they measure themselves against us>? i am sure they do. is making sure that the u.s. , istary remains the best that an objective? it is, including the third offset.

>> hi, mr. secretary. you talk about how hacking isil in unprecedented. as you probably know during the surge in 2006-2007, there were a lot of those digital tools used as well. i'm wondering how you draw upon those lessons learned from a few years ago. sec. carter: that is a good question. and yes, we did in iraq and afghanistan. i do think you have to recognize in using's tradecraft technology to advance evil objectives, both operationally and ideologically is unprecedented. said, and iequently think is basically right -- if you think al qaeda was an internet generation terrorist

group, isil is a social media generation terrorist group. it is different. even though it was just a few years ago. so yeah, we learned some things from there. we can use some of those techniques we used from afghanistan and iraq in those days. but this really is different, even as what is on your disk is different today than it was three years ago, five years ago. so these guys are up-to-date. in general.inking [laughter] >> that's a good point. you said in recent months, the u.s. was engaging in cyber warfare within like never before. -- cyber warfare with them like never before. sec. carter: it is like never before, which is to say that we have never done it. but it is like never before. we have made it a priority.

this is probably unremarkable news to this room. but a lot of people associate the fight against isil with airstrikes and the things they see on tv. they may not realize this is success.he formula for and we are going to have success in this area, and we need to do this. >> let's get some more questions. thanks very much for capitalizing lincoln lab. a question for the future, is the initiative about broadening the education of military and civilian leadership, so they understand what they are buying, how to use it? and if so, are the opportunities for world-class universities, where you have large military population -- i think of william and mary -- can they play a role will it be just majority

education? -- play a role or will it be just military education? sec. carter: it is both our civilian and military workforce. it is about the whole pipeline. it is about recruitment and making sure that we are connected to the entire population. i will remind you something that i said yesterday, which is that most of our new military recruits come from only six states. so we really needed to reach out. that is why we have women in service. that is why half of our population -- i want to draw for the entire publishing. if i want to have the best people, people have to meet standards, but i want the best possible. so it affects recruitment it affects retention. . partly, people want to improve themselves. in today's world, we all know that we need to keep changing and improving. the idea that you went to school

and read the rest of your life on the back of what you learned years ago, that does not fly into the's world. we all have to keep learning. people only want to be with us and stick with us if they feel that they have opportunities to develop. that is one of the reasons. plus, they get better, which means they do better stuff for us. retention is a complex matter. people make decisions for complicated reasons. family programs are important for simple reasons. we are not just trying to be nice, although that's a nice thing to do too. but when people have been with us for a while, and therefore we have made an investment in them, and they are very capable and knowledgeable, and they still have a whole career ahead of them, we don't want somebody at that point to leave. because they can contribute all that going forward. we invested all that in the

past. you don't want to lose them then. but that happens to be a time when many have a family. so it matters if you can keep consistent with everything else that we need to do. where we can make it possible for people easier, just to reconcile everything else they are trying to do. that is on our interest. development and service. do that,g how we people are learning all kinds of ways in human resources management, that a generation ago were done. internet helps that. linkedin is an example. that is why i'm so glad reed has joined my innovation. we have to keep thinking about how we manage people if we will

keep, retain, and develop the best. >> are you going to recruit a cyber colonel? sec. carter: that's the kind of thing that, yesterday, we have to get authority from congress -- i want our service chiefs and secretaries -- i'm trying to get them latitude, not rules. i want them to decide which specialties makes most sense. we will see that over time. i am trying to give them latitude to change where they see an opportunity that the current rigidity does not permit them to exploit. >> i will go here to john. >> mr. secretary, can you give us a preview of the kind of people you will be adding to the defense innovation board in the future? people who might surprise us? and are you asking -- you tas king them with any particular

urgent challenges, or is it how you are just doing business? well, i would have told you if i was going to tell you today. [laughter] but i think you catch the tune, right? when you see her up schmidt and read vilma craven and others. these are people who know something about innovation and have actually done it. are there going to be surprises? i hope there are surprises for you. i am certainly looking for surprises for me that is the whole reason to have them. i want to learn from them, things that we have not fought of that would be good for us. to know expecting them about defense. i know about defense. i would like to know what is going on in the outside world that i might not know about that is proven successful, that might

be applicable to us. that is what i am looking for. these are all innovative people. just in conversations i have this experience, all the time. people say, here is what i did to build my company, to think my way through this problem, to get people i needed. i say to myself, hm why haven't we done that? the bounty is a great example. why haven't we in the federal government done that? there is not a good answer to that. it is essentially free. you get all of this talent. they are having a great time, and you are getting a security audit for free. somebody else thought of that. if all we ever apply these things we have thought of, we are not going to remain the best. as wonderful as we are, we are not going to think of everything

. the point is to connect to a larger world of innovation. we used to ask the military the same thing as a reporter. how come you don't do that? the answer is, because congress did not tell us do. [laughter] we do not have the rule. i will take privilege of the last question. you mentioned you need congress approval to do a lot of changes that you want, especially with reforming acquisition. john mccain has put forward some things. what is your response to some of those suggestions? sec. carter: it is mixed. i appreciate the effort that post chairman mccain and their committees have put in. i think they are trying to think the same way. i do have some differences. in general, micromanagement from the hill of our executive and leadership functions is not a

good idea. these things take some time. they are important ideas having to do with, for example, the role of the chairman in integrating combat strains recently. i made some proposals there. there is definitely some need there. i would like to talk to people about that. improving our acquisition system. i have been at this for a long time. and i'm always ready to talk to people about those ideas. the two things i hope we can work through, and i really can't agree with, are deferring wartime funding in a time of war, and budget instability. that really hurts us. all i can do is ask people to come together behind us.

all these management proposals and so forth -- again, i think might make arrangements by the congress -- i think micromanagement by congress is not the way to go. but i am willing to work with them in terms of divisions. i just made some proposals yesterday. they will require being elected, but they are the ones that our thought hardship about. we took months and years working through them. they were considered by proposals of those we charged running the department of defense. we need to respect the judgment collectively of the leadership of the department of defense. so i hope we can work some of these things. sec. carter: >> war funding and instability are things i have heard the

previous war secretary say. are you going to be around to keep these changes and initiatives going january 20? sec. carter: every day president obama is president, as long as he wants me to-- i'm confident that the ideas that we have been talking about today makes a much sense, that they will continue in the future. people like will roper. this is necessary. i think everybody gets the logic of it. i am confident that long after i am gone, or any individual leader is gone, these things are going to continue. they make so much sense. think it'sap up, i important to have this conversation now. i thank you very much for coming here. it is been about a year plus

since your initiative started. there has been a lot of reporting at different levels for the national security press court around technology. i have been with you on the road as you talk to scientists and computer labs. it's like a whole another ash carter versus talking about white house policies and budget. but it's an exciting field and i hope that it takes hold. we have a lot more to talk about. we want to thank all of our participants. thanks for everyone showing up, all of you on the lifestream, our underwriters. i will take the privilege to announce this is our tech summit. our biggest is the november 17 summit at the marriott marquis. i hope ash carter will help me get a lot of great speakers for that as well. [laughter] you are welcome to come back anytime. for anybody else in the room, i have to thank my mother and father, who are here. [laughter] [applause]

i gave my mother a great birthday present for the weekend. thank you everybody. and thank you mr. secretary. a round of applause. [applause] ♪ ♪

[chatter]

♪ >> madam secretary, we probably give 72 of our delicate votes to the next president of the united states. ♪

[applause] announcer: monday marks the 50th anniversary of the miranda versus arizona, the warning now issued by police when making an arrest. we will take a look at the case in our original series, landmark cases. and a discussion on the economic influence that cities have around the world. >> all persons having business before the honorable supreme court of the united states are asked to give their attention. >> landmark cases, produced in corroboration with the constitution center, exploring