trade, our international finance that embody an ether working with this changing and stressed earth. close, what does his mean for the future of work? louis: i just want to say i that with natasha that would be lovely and i guess i'm just a little more pessimistic about the possibility for that kind of institutional change. trying to think through is what are the most powerful levers we have to create this and, you know, i think we both agree it would be lovely to do something else. ideas about how to do this, i'm just deeply afraid we won't be able to do war and capitalism seems like something people like. [laughter] there are hard constraints. in california, right, so there debates about water rationing. shortage. a water no, it's not impossible.

we could have a water shortage. a drought.ere's so i think these kind of onstraints, we may not want to deal with them until they're upon us but once they're upon we're stuck and better to have more options when they're upon us than fewer. i'm going that note, to thank both of our speakers or that fabulous presentation of very disturbing material. [laughter] and i want to thank all of you coming. thank you. [applause] >> good job.

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indistinct chatter] announcer: from usa today, the navajo nation sues the spill.r toxic mine the president announced the the epa over its handling of the mine spill. legal action coming a year after an epa crew accidentally triggered a blow-out at the mine silverton, colorado. that spill causing more than 3 million gallons of toxic waste to flow into a tributary used by parts of the navajo nation. that, again, the story on usatoday.com. c-span's "washington journal" day with news and policy issues that impact you.

wednesday morning, kathryn ward, editor in chief on as the leading libertarian monthly publication. he'll also talk about gary johnson's candidacy and the future of the libertarian movement. star, national political correspondent for fusion about his work at fusion, media outlet geared towards voters in the millennial audience. light on the magazine segment, scott anderson, new yorking writer for times magazine joins us to discuss his future on the arab the u.s. invasion of iraq. watch c-span's "washington 7:00 l" beginning live at a.m. eastern wednesday morning. join the discussion. announcer: members of congress back home in their districts for the summer. come back here to washington september 6. congressman me, rick larson of washington

visiting with washington ho mish county talking about opioid addiction of senator susan collins maine named legislator of the year by the american ambulance ssociation for her work on behalf of the fire service. c-span's issue spot light program looks at the 2016 election and voting rights. features part of the 2013 supreme court oral argument in and members of congress on whether to restore the voting rights act and a laws andn on how state court rulings could impact this presidential election. a look. >> all the data from the states, as opposed to a, voter idns by experts, does not keep people from voting. voting doesn't change, doesn't keep people from voting. google and you can this. university of wisconsin, double

professor just put out a study voting, and their conclusion -- this is kind of counter intuitive. heir conclusion is that early voting actually hurts turnout. they conclude that it may 3-4%.ase turnout by the reason being -- you all know campaigns spend the majority of their money on election get on the effort.and-vote if they have to spread that money out or a two-week, three-week, four-week period, apparently, it's not as intense, effective and apparently, people who normally keep go vote election day, saying oh,, you know, i can vote tomorrow. i can vote the next day. nd apparently it's enough to actually hurt turnout by a small percentage. that's not me saying this. study by the university of wisconsin professors and a number of other said early also voting may hurt turn out.

respond to that, voter d measures are actually expected to reduce turnout. [laughter] say that.ot speaking over one another] > voting rights and the 2016 election on c-span issues spot ight saturday at 8:00 p.m. eastern here on c-span. nnouncer: coming up this weekend on american history tv on c-span 3, as the national prepares to celebrate its 100th anniversary, at the ke a look development of california's national land state parks, saturday night at 10:00 eastern america, the 1935 u.s. interior department film "the giant", it documents the efforts of the civilian

conservation core and the daily work camps. >> clearing dense undergrowth for the big red woods for fire fear of growth provides a number of any kind of which may be ob desirable. the conservation core boys make everything from heavy bridge park signs. announcer: and sunday morning at 8:00, a panel of scholars the musical "hamilton", the history depicted in the musical and the relationship academic history and the history portrayed in popular culture. 10:00, on "road to the white house rewind" incumbent bill clinton and dole kansas senator bob debate. in their >> we are the strongest nation in the world, we provide the leadership and we're going to have to continue to provide the and that's doing it on our terms when our interests are involved and not when the whistle at

the united nations. >> i believe the evidence is our deployments have been successful, in haiti, in bis bosnia. moved to kuwait on hussein's invasion of kuwait, fleet into the sky, and we worked hard to end i korean nuclear threat, believe the united states is at peace tonight in part because of careful pline, effective deployment of our military resources. p.m. easternt 6:00 on american artifacts, we'll ake a tour of arlington house with matthew penrod, built by george washington's step the home of was robert e. lee, who had married the family. >> he declared this house a house, had all the ideals and beliefs of george washington and that included, again, the idea that this nation would exist forever and hat no state had a right to leave it.

so how ironic is it that that man's daughter would marry robert e. lee, who became the confederate general and perhaps the man who came closest other man in history to destroying the nation that was in the american revolution. announcer: for our complete schedule, gotory tv . c-span.org announcer: now, the use of planning.y in city topics include how cities and work to e, develop structure to support the technology. technology. afternoon, and thank you for joining us for local

of the future, how do cities thrive in the digital age? the vice e. bell, president of global innovation olicy here at the information technology innovation foundation and i'll be your moderator. s we get started, i should mention the twitter handle for his event is #futurecities and those watching via the web cast can submit any questions there or discussion during the q&a period if you would like. ities have become key economic units driving the modern global economy. more than half the world's opulation already lives in cities and it's expected that cities will account for 90% of growth in thison century. fortunately, the advents of many technologies, including mobile telephony and broadband the internet of things, automation technologies, big data techniques, and many are opening up transformative possibilities to

cities deliver public services and utilities, manage transportation networks, and te their citizens improve quality of life and standards of living. and as we'll hear today, the cities are ing thinking deeply about their future readiness so they can vibrant in an increasingly competitive global economy. nd speaking of highly competitive, we have a world-class panel with us here can to discuss how cities thrive in the digital age. mita , we'll hear from mr. who was president of the asia and ic pan region for dell he'll introduce work on future ready cities and economies. the mita officers as chairman of dell's global emerging markets group and has 19 years dell for holding leadership positions previously in china where he was china regiondell's and while there won the magnolia conferred and was honorary chinese citizenship,

the highest recognizing that can foreigner. after that, we will hear from serves as arland who research director for the national league of cities where she leads the nlc's efforts to city-level data into information that strengthens the apacity of city lead ers and raises their awareness of challenges, trends and successes other cities throughout the world. christy also launched nlc's finance and economic development program and pursuing a ph.d. in urban planning and economics development from virginia tech university. after christy, we'll hear from michael hendricks who is the emerging issues at the u.s. chamber of commerce foundation where he leads the public policy research and outreach. ichael also served as project director for the foundation's partnership with the start-up coproducing the seminal report "noovgz that

atters, the city of inner city economies. and last but certainly not least from the global perspective, we from megabuchannan who lead for competitive cities and lead author for flagship report and competitive cities for job and growth. egaworks on issues of competitiveness and urban developments for the world bank. megateaches on economics and at the school of advanced international studies here in washington and at olumbia university in new york and megaholds a ph.d. from the london school of economics. in the interest of space today, will not present the presentations up front. they'll be to your side and you handout ve received copies at the back. raise your hand if you didn't see one. look for the presentations there. let me turn it over to emit. the floor is yours.

>> good afternoon. it's an honor to be among such distinguished panel and such a audience. i arrived freshly this morning at 2:00 a.m., so i'm just ready before i crash and burn. i have my double espresso cap go.no ready to before you can ask the question, i'll answer the question. that's my motto. i live in asia. i am what you would call a practitioner. i am on the field, talking to customers, media, every day, every week. and i spend # 50 days on the road. what i do so t's you a lotave me bring of perspective from what i'm eeing in asia, but also a lot of what i'm seeing from the corporate scenario. started.get first and foremost, i don't hink there should be any surprise to you that -- let me

see if i am getting the slides forward okay. we just have to get -- there you go. okay. o i don't think there is any surprise to anyone here in the to take if we want technology ards up, and innovation play a huge role. nd that has been the case for last several centuries. and i will make the argument middle of in the fourth industrial revolution, think about this, first industrial revolution talked about steam water and that ical direction somewhere in 1784, second one, 1870, which was the division of and advancement of electricity and mass production. third industrial revolution was eally around when our company was born, dell, which was the electronics electronics, i. t.and auto mated we are on and where today and where we're headed the

next several decades is really advancement in cyber technical systems. and all of these things are new quality of living and new advancements. happens is ng that every time we talk about this sort of progress, innovation technology, actualtypically, the room goes into, i would say a terminator into world or something more posit e positive. point would be tech no versus it becomes a very quick one. so it's important for us to make a company that we as a company have always believed and said that y technology is in the service of human. full ps us achieve the potential that human race have. so human progress is very part of our purpose and we believe technology has to further the human progress. very, very that's important, because if that view

s not well established, technology could go, definitely could go in a different direction. now, i would say that it's also that, to all of you here, that our world is changing: how interact, how we work. there are more than 3 billion smart phones today and we're several hundred trillion -- several hundred billion censors that will auto will hings that personalize things and will create new outcomes. you look at storage cost, if you think about when i started drives used to be 5 megabytes or 10 megabytes. a gigabyte of storage is 5 cents. have the you may not erspective, in the last four years, 100 billion times faster processors are available. exponential rise that semiconductor industry is

aving, and that is creating a huge power to create new outcomes for the society. 100 billion times faster is what we have done in the last 40 years. you look at one of the pieces that is having an impact on our society, it is also creating a lot of changes. 1920, if a company had an average lifespan of 67 years, today, it is about 15. see there's a lot more changes happening and companies are consolidating. aligning, or just companies are getting out of business and that's kind of ecause the technology is creating a lot more changes and lot more expectations from a customer perspective. if you look at the next slide, this talks about if you could 200 billionrd where devices that are connected where replicate a human brain, which is likely by 2060 in less

$1,000, where you could be living 120 years plus, and where pervasive s and customer experience is there and new outcomes will be possible. clean energy, you know, given the advancement in the -- theductor, and that's a rgy resources will create tremendous amount of opportunity, and the connectivity that is second to none. these things are really around us. it is happening as we speak. is this is what we believe going to create a new society, further human progress. but to do this, as we talked about, the cities have an important role to play. ut before the cities, let me tell you, the digital disruption driven.large-company intru ven from a lot of

entrepreneurs, a lot of innovation happening from housands and thousands of companies. if you think about the old isruption, it used to be a few disruptors who have a lot of cash who could create new utcomes and now there's a lot more innovators, almost 10 times more, which have a cost 1/10 of e which is previous disruptors, creating a disruptive power of almost 100x. so it's a pretty disruptive world. and no matter which company and in, you have u are to continue to innovate and you continue to adopt technology. it is not possible for us to imagine the size or the previous history is going to future.you in the so everyone has to innovate and everyone has to differentiate. the thesis.s nd this is what leads us to when we say everyone has to become future-ready. notbecoming future-ready is just a company responsibility.

t is also individual responsibility. it is also city responsibility. the also country responsibility, changes are hese happening around us, and they of pie in the rt sky, they're going to be here in years from now. so how would we get ourselves ready, individuals ready, ocieties ready, and the countries ready? and clearly cities ready, to and thrivehe changes in the state of hyperchanges that are upon us? so that's the framework of today's talk. so to do that, first thing i tell you is that, you know, for cities to become future-ready, there are three pieces that become very important. capital.the human and second is the infrastructure and the third is the ecosystem. means, of course, attracting and venturing human develop o attract and skills needed to drive the

eaningful and social and economical changes. infrastructure, of course, we understand the collaboration a lot going to become more important from an infrastructure perspective -- which is probably not as well thought out. that's why i think as you a later, the trade plays huge role that collaboration is important and trade plays a big role. finally, the ecosystem, the technology, the telecom and the of ical infrastructure, all these have to create sustainable opportunities for years to come. some et me give you examples. o we partnered -- dell partnered with ihs economics, an firm ry-leading economics to build an economic model for cities, this ture is across the world. we put all the cities in a lobal ranking and we had to create a model by which we can compare. cities stand against each other? and hopefully we will continue

to track this so we can see progressing and which is not. our future ready economy's model easures the performance of leading metro areas against three pillars: human capital, and infrastructure. so the idea is to allow public community sector leaders to compare their own strengths to those of other economies. that was our framework and what we did. i will give you a few examples here. so the number one city in the was e-ready that came in san jose. it's not a surprise to you but clearly if i give you some from the san jose perspective, it's innovation and investment perspective. number one. and they've also increased the 96 low-income housing units, and they are ranked second in the labor force. and generally, hourly wages are national than the average.

where i g closer to live, which is in asia, number singapore, andis that's the work leader in public/private collaboration and labor force engagement. top three in culture, lifestyle data transparency. ingapore's infrastructure, including world-class airport, also helped boost its rating. more will give you one that e of new dheli, and was number 44. igital india is the huge drive and the successful implementation that we see. india is on the path to embrace digital technologies and reaping the benefits associated it. here will be broadband expansion, electronics manufacturing in governments, and we believe that the we ic/private partnership also see very prominently in the space of digital india.

o innovation, engineering, entrepreneurship is very much thriving, and we believe that $266 billion will be invested in course ofrtups in the last five years. there are examples from europe. examples from many other cities here. ranked ington d.c. was number 5 in the same future-ready. to know, i'm sure there's lots of examples here we can talk about as well, ncluding the electronics corridor. but i wanted to switch gears to what's the role of governments like? nd from my perspective, governments have a huge role to in the time of change, especially in the time of change. nd if the changes are exhilarating, governments have a

ole to play, not only changing themselves but also helping change society and helping change the infrastructure. government's role in our minds become, one, foster the nnovation by supporting entrepreneurship and the data economy, even the data becomes future of to connected health or connected conomies or living standards, and that itself is a huge topic governments.many so that's, i think, innovation and fostering innovation is a part.cal second one is the preserving trust in the technology tools that drive advancement. going to happen , rough many compliance appropriate governance, as well as policy. the third one is enabling social responsibility and it has to be built into the country framework as well as city framework. last but not least, which is pretty critical from our perspective, which is markets.ng open so a combination of these four

will help government future-ready cities, create more future-ready ocieties, and create clearly more future-ready individuals. technology creates a lot of and certainly it doesn't have to be win ers and nonwinners, and this is their in taking the le population and the folks who can developed to thrive in the new economies and the future-ready states is going to more and more critical in the coming days. claims that , the 'm making today is, one, that changes are happening faster and faster. changes are exponential. changes are here. they are not too far away in the future. are here in the next five years, seven years, ten years and beyond. changes require a new approach, both by individuals,

governments, societies and and what we call future-ready. we have also shown you a future-ready economies model by which we have compared multiple cities across the world and we believe that sort of framework is going to be for us to continue to see which cities are making progress or not and finally, a huge role if innovation, from trust, from social responsibility and from market perspective. thank you. [applause] thank you. christy: great, thank you. hat was a wonderful research and wonderful sort of introduction, i think to a wide future-ready cities and what we mean when we talk about that. i'll focus a little bit more area ically on a specific you touched on, which is

government, soty how can governments help further leverage some of the activities already going on in the private sector and how can entrepreneurial and be more future-ready themselves as an entity. first, just a little bit bout national cities and my center, which is city solutions and applied research. we work with city governments country, work on behalf of those governments, help raise up their issues on a profile. we also conduct research and best practices and work with them directly through technical on a wide variety of issues to help city lead ers and their staff do their jobs better daily basis. so it's wide-ranging in terms of the issues that we cover and the cities engage with the but it's all directly driven towards how to we help cities do jobs better. i want to talk about innovation irst from at least my perspective on what innovation means, particularly when we're

talking about local governments. former a quote from mayor ron littlefield. he's a mayor in chattanooga, tennessee. says: it's not glamorous in a nit novative nitty-gritty, we're going to roll up our sleeves, get it work of solve this problem sort way. i think city governments have been focused on solving problems do we fuse data and technology, very neutral for ome cities, to help them do that job better, to help them pin point and solve problems. was pecifically, the mayor talking specifically about a new program in detroit that was to help better nderstand how low-income populations can better be connected to social services in the city. all about it's problem-solving, but it's about ways.that in new and we know, too, that cities across the country are technology ata and in different types of ways but

there are some common characteristics and that's what today.lk about so cities that are embracing future-ready, we noticed and they're data-driven specific to internal operations. they're open and engaged. we'll talk a little bit about data. that's much more expansive than just open data, and they're customer-service driven. so i think that is particularly how they engage with the and other mmunity folks outside of local government, who may not have the time or resources to get bogged processes that can sometimes happen. about king specifically data-driven, one of the ways that cities are evolving to is through driven performance management, and i'll talk a little bit more about that. ut i think what we're noticing too is performance management is one type of process. things like eing innovation delivery teams and chief data officers and chief technology officers. i think these can all be under of data-driven,

although i think we would certainly argue that they all ave various functions that are differentiated. but generally speaking, it's a data-driven ing innovation throughout city hall. performance management, specifically, is a process of consistently reviewing performance data to inform decision making. the collection of data analyzing data, understanding particularly service delivery outcomes of city governments, stack up that t the stated goals ities have and it's using metrics to really pin point how that's happening. and then it's using this information. okay, ot just saying, that's great, put it on a dashboard but it's using information to really drive adapt programs to redirect policy and budget at the city level. some cities are advancing the use of data and technology, the mation through performance management system, to also begin to use predictive if you're in ch this space, you've probably

heard a lot about, and i think as sort f think of it of the gold standard of performance management, other data efforts. cities use data and information they have now to help predict where the next pot where the ng to be, next crime spree is going to happen. that's amazing, right? but i think we're going to see there are a lot of challenges that get in the way of making it is reality but happening in some places and i think we need to learn from city of ces, like the boston, for example, is using rime data to better understand where the vacant property challenges are going to be and crime ing some of the problems happening in those parts of neighborhoods. so we are seeing the performance management systems, looked at 10 particular, identified what was happening in these cities, and i think what you'll otice, if you can see the lide, that the function of

performance management, sometimes it's an innovation officer, sometimes it's its own ffice and sometimes in the mayor's office and we'll talk a little bit about structure in a minute. but when we talk about what that function is, as an example nlos it's quiter example, a few different processes in one city department. one of their sort of hall mark successes is really system.ng their 311 when someone calls with a complaint, are they getting a response in an adequate amount of time? by analyzing data with call volumes and city staffing was able to ity drop the wait times from 311 calls from six minutes down to minute in a year. so those are the types of we're talking about when we think about performance management.

and what does this have are to o with the sort of broader innovation economy? in order to attract talent to a in order to attract businesses, people want to know that their city government is functioning in a way that is going to be conducive and not get in the way of them succeeding in the place. i had talked about a little bit of structure before. cities, the function is centralized as an independent department with staff dedicated that are those things involved with performance management from collecting the it and reporting out. we see this in atlanta, boston, dallas, kansas city, las vegas st. paul. then there are also systems that decentralized where there's performance management and staff providing advice and function but the real happens with the front line staff and within each of the city departments and we can see fort n denver and lauderdale. interestingly, in denver, because they know they're putting that responsibility and onto onal responsibility the front line staff. their particular -- it's called

a training program that really helps city staff empower them really and train and understand how to make efficiencies within their everyday job and operations. and they were seeing some sort where the model functions are a little bit more fluid and we saw that in d.c. and l.a.. internal to t's city hall, right. and i think that's very interesting and for those of us in the city space, we understand why that matters. but what we want to think about how city government interacts and helps facilitate a economy, we local think more about a city that's engaged. so a city that opens its data, -- to mple, to help provide that information and who want to businesses to then help the cities solve problems.

specifically, thinking about how the local government is engaging with the community on open data, and internet, again, which i think is sort of the pennaicle there. we se-chicago, for example, is artnering with the labs in the university of chicago to collect data on everything from the environment and infrastructure really then work with start-ups and other entities in start developing sort of proof of concept projects to help deal with challenges around transportation air quality. we also see very interesting cities are e engaging with entrepreneurs to actually bring them into city hall to help them solve problems. so the city of san francisco, for example, has what they're residence, t-up in where they recruit startups from

utside of city hall to come in and help them solve sort of a civic problem. in san francisco, the airport a problem with blind customers understanding how to get around the airport. san francisco brought in a start-up who spent 16 weeks really understanding a problem and developed the ology solution to help customers navigate the airports way.more efficient it's interesting, because due to ome of the complicated prophecies that exist within city hall around procurement, able -- needs t to be able to make this an opportunity where the start ups not charged hey're for their services. but it's a win-win because the tart ups are actually being able to develop new products and test new products with the city inthe city is really serving a way that as a customer and really allows the start-up to a way theyproduct in may not have been able to do

otherwise. know that cities are also operati future ready operationing their own operations but also facilitating use of technology throughout the community. i know we'll probably talk a little bit more about kansas there is google fiber. we know there's also access speaking in philadelphia too. a digital obviously gap there for some communities, particularly small businesses lower repreneurs who are income communities. the philly tech ambassadors program where tech savvy and community-minded students partner with small businesses to help them get online and use computer programs and similar in kansas city, missouri, as well. to helping to leverage and facilitate throughout and ideas the community, cities can also

think about their capacity to physical spaces for innovation to happen and the information. and e're seeing this through maker spaces. obviously, manufacturing economy is changing. manufacturing is smaller scale. it's more high-tech. it's more based on entrepreneurship and new ideas and how can cities actually particularly when their economies are changing so much. many cities, including for example, are investing public dollars in the maker movement. doing simple things like turning the fourth floor of their library into a maker space bringing in 3d print ers and sewing machines and allowing in the community to expand their capacity in that way. to ry easily accessible way innovate. and because that was so that is sevrng as an anger to a broader innovation

where the city of chattanooga is leveraging their fiber.pal their university partnerships, their nonprofits, their cultural assets, their environmental assets, bringing them all together to help promote innovation in that way. lastly, i'll just talk quickly because i'm sure i'm out of customer service. so again, this is a very cities are that engaging with the community, the business community, entrepreneurs, and start-ups and small businesses, in particular. we know that local governments sometimes has a permit iting process, a regulatory process that can be very burdensome for businesses, particularly businesses small businesses, and start ups small businesses, who are just out and who don't have whole separate department within their business dedicated it local governments, which i know many businesses do because it can get that hairy.

the process is critically important. and also making the process the need to go through to start and open their doors and to launch new products. all needs to be regulate and did go through local governments but governments can make that easier and through start ups and launch new oors to products, and helping american cities do that. t really is about how can cities stream line business development, stream line the permitting process, put that online. use a tool that actually helps them put that online so see what steps they need to follow in order to open a business. in some cases like with the city los angeles, we're calling them our dream big western, a process that actually takes businesses online through the process to get their business license and permits. and that seems obvious, but check out your city web site. not be.

so we are hosting a community of to share ideas about how they're actually working through he process of bringing their regulatory environment online, up-to-date into the 21st century businesses to navigate. challenges.about obviously, data quality is going to be a concern. culture often, city staff are not used to operating they're ironment where asked to collect data and to use that can be y, and a big impediment to if you want to understand outcomes and you also o use metrics, you need to have a quality data set. you need to have an engaged staff. you need to have internal collaboration between departments. and all this is new. may sound obvious but all of this is relatively new to using pen often are and paper for orders or things like that. obviously, privacy concerns are a big issue because we're talking about open data.

we're talking about sensitive identifies that particular individuals. there are a lot of concerns how we think about where we send information and data, which obviously would be to the entrepreneurs and to the benefit of the city. but they're obviously concerned there. planning for a political cycle. ftentimes what we're seeing in those cities that are leading the charge, that they have a toong mayor who is dedicated using data and technology to further their city operations. fantastic and this is needed, particularly as hey're beginning down this path. and because of that, what we've successful is that these people from management and data and other are actually held within the mayor's office and that seems to be critically important at least at the beginning. then you say hmm, the mayor may not be in office in the next years. what's going to happen then? and then what we've been seeing

is that although at the process and the when cities are taking on sort a data technology as strategy, is that it's important to have in the mayor's office where you have that political power, you have the authority. you have the access. you have the budget to do the needed to be done. but that over the long haul, goal, and this is specifically stated through the city of los angeles. that the ultimate goal is for each department to manage his operations.formance so that it's sustained and citys just part of how the operates on its own. it's not a new thing, it's a mayor's project. that's sort of the next evolution in data and technology and innovation into the operations. with that, i will pass it steve.o thank you very much. [applause]

>> thank you, stephen. question that the every city leader should be prepared is my city for the future? so i believe as others do here, that we are on the dawn of an incredible revolution and bringing ution is changes far bigger than the ones we've faced before in the revolution, the pc the dot comboom, the social networking opportunity that we have today are just the beginning. are just the first wave. begun to scratch the surface of how advances in hardware will impact where we riv, how we ive, where we work, spend, travel, learn, even eat.

how your city not get disrupted. -- i'm today to answer going to argue that the answer is found in its people. nd what i mean by that is both radically simple and incredibly complex. think that stronger communities will help cities transition to the next digital stripping away all the cool open plan office big investmenthe unds, what you find is that smart people imbedded in dense, networks, loss of social capital, are at the center of prepared for whatever the future may bring. d.c.'s own in 1776, global incubator teamed up to discover how start up are helping cities navigate the digital age. first, i want to show you a findings from the innovation that matters report and then i want to discuss what

they mean and what city leaders do with them. over the past two years, we've cities, compiled a database in 25 metros and spoken 500 local leaders. and when we talked to them, we look at not only the judicial factors of innovation, city of your capital and industry specification, but also hings like density, connectivity, your culture. to also frankly, we wanted get us out of the beltway and practitioners al on the ground. and when we linked cities, we underlying on the theme that we've heard time and time again. the traditional indicators, such invested, jobs created, patents filed, were but incomplete measures. the openness and density of networks as well as the

global cultureof mattered much if not more than driving these sort of ecosystems turn are making cities future-ready. hen we looked at these indicators together, talent, capital, specialization, culture.ity, the biggest surprise in our rankings was that san francisco was not number 1. boston was. let's be clear. forgives is an credible leader n the number of startups created. pools of talent. boston entrepreneurs reported better connections to their ommunity and to what boston offers such as top-notch universities. were eyond the bay area more surprises like raleigh san diego denver and in fifth place. and beyond the top five cities baltimore and pittsburgh also faired well on the index.

respectively, given their successes of bringing everyone together from to corporate to entrepreneurs and bringing them together to open and exchange collaborate. and new york city and l.a. clearly attracted a lot of there were ation, also aspects of community that lagged behind. opportunities, you could also for them to continue to grow. ities like baltimore and pittsburgh and new orleans, they're not major drivers of the digital economy just yet, but are trammel crowing educated young people. they are building collaborative of innovation and they are creating the right cultural foundations. so that's a bit of a data and some of the rankings. mean? es it all to answer that, we started listening to entrepreneurs, and he city leaders, and we went out and visited them. we just came back from visiting eight of these cities. heard things like when

big partners in kansas city city's startup community as a network, where had a de in that network mission. or christine at the local called it a big small town where everybody is six degrees removed from one another, like the kevin bacon of cities. those are her words. pretty good. same thing in he oston and salt lake city, how easy it was to grab coffee and meet up with a local founder or funder. a newcomer, you could find open doors and you could build trust. this is why we believe open, dense, social networks flush social capital are essential ingredients to formation. community, in other words. but i'm going to step way back so bear with ond me. i believe urban economies are blocks of human knowledge and know-how that,

in , legos can be connected different ways to generate innovation. bits of essential information flow through open ense social networks with talented people at the center. are inits of information ideas, they're assembled and put like those blocks within networks of individuals and networks of friends. the ecosystem. the more these networks grow in ize and strength and in complexity, the more a city's productive and innovative capacity grows. these ideas hat that then can translate into something valuable like snapchat. i like snapchat. so then how do these networks they maintain their size? through social capital and ocial values such as trust and openness and empathy, those lower the transaction costs of knowledge. this embracing new ideas, and the

up not onlying them helps the economies stay ahead of the game, but they suggest a and empathy inst the community. trust kind of acts like the glue networks holding them together while empathy allows for people in firms to customers and partners want. okay, so thank you. theory.with the but when you think about tthese social networks are really how find d jobs and how we places to live. how we build really complex product when is we're sitting in together producing these things and we can also express this in terms of thinking when we're about cities. and that's how local leaders explained it to us. this was their startups tart up success founded in a community building. as one denver area government official said, you know, when i working with startups, i never thought i would become a community builder. and my boss probably still wouldn't be happy to hear me the

doesn't sound very concrete, but "at its core" work is.at this and what we found as we went sthais that you can have all the talent and capacity in the world and still not generate ustained innovation or activity, or at least not as much as you could. a city could have small amounts and stand toe to toe with the big boys, if they have a healthy community. advances of software and hardware enable us to work smarter.faster and gains of having talented people cluster together have never been higher. over the last five years, the american population has increased by 3.1% but the population of our 50 richest 9.2%.s has jumped by and the residents are 34% more of the ve than the rest country. meanwhile, they spend 1% of all

country in this attracts more than 60% of all country.apital in this and yet in every city in america, we do not have a ideas.e of and we do have the seeds of community. people to bring other people their ideas together and so doing hem and in prepare cities for the future. so what does all of this mean for city leaders? thing, it's important them to understand the trajectory of the digital economy. become more to xhodified. software and digital services importance.n even today, it's not the smartphone chip that matters, it.how you use say for accessing digital health telling a the go or drone where to fly. respond to these changes by your existing strengths. very city has asked us to leverage an activity that's already going on. strong healthcare systems in

universities. where the city is a leader. particular areas of expertise re even things that make the city extraordinarily livable. the key is identifying those purposeful in g unlocking the potential for the future. true for community. start-up success is about community building and community uilding needs community organizers. they act as intermediaries in the network and connect the dots people. and these roles can exist nywhere from start up support systems to government, to corporates to other institutions. they already need to see what's on and help fill in the gaps. one key connection to make in the next wave is helping connect ups and corporates and other institutions together. means being that able to plug into existing specializations and knowledge. arporations, it means getting tab tap into an innovation pipeline. there's no end of what can these if you connect communities together.

prioritizing this means uggesting a policy of people over place. growing start ups means reducing connectivity, people getting ahead, establishing applicable rules of the road and empowering leaders in the community. such an evolutionary policy tance i believe will set the stage for revolutionary exchange. 3-5 years as we've seen first-hand, i've seen so osive start-up growth in many states and usually resulted by seeds planted over 20 years community. a make start up communities sustainable but also o prepare cities for the future. thank you. [applause] speaking away from microphone]

>> so i'm really excited about this work because all my clients want to be future-ready. they all have strategy and ision documents that are 2050.es like 2025, 2030, we just worked with the city of with ai and they came up growth strategy. as we started this work, we were world can w in the you think what you were thinking let alone find a strategy around it. the city has to be ready. readiness matters for the future. the data behind this report is eally interesting from an international point of view. we have lobbyists working with at the world bank group. what we're finding more and more s that a lot of cities are taking on economic development as some of their main

responsibilities. and as they're doing that, beginning to ask a lot of questions. they want to know about how other cities are doing it. other nt to know what successful cities have done, who's getting things done, and hen how things are being done by these people. and that's basically the framework for the competitive ities report we launched a couple of months ago at the world bank group. what, who and how. going to ally i'm frame some of the focal points i have for the discussion. what do cities actually do? what do successful and competitive cities actually do? casee revert to one of our studies in africa. let me take you to rowanda. land locked city, no natural from ces and recovering civil war. ast forward maybe about a decade and-a-half and you find and a boomingeets services economy within the growth of about 11% between 2002 and 2012.

about 4.5% over and above the national average. do when they did not have any foundations or any natural resources? what they looked at actually had available. it turns out they had gerillas. decided to build a public-private coalition and decided to look at the constraints of the developing tourism. booming lready a tourism sector in the region, they decided to go after a high-end tourism. city noted these high-end tourists that were coming from guerillas and toranda valued like safety and cleanliness in the city. these are the same values and same things that accomplished tourism. they decided to come up with a they went after meetings, centers, conferences and they were rs quite successful in attracting

them. at the same time they also made to stments in human capital make sure the workforce in go ahead.uld at the world bank group, there's debate about whether cities or policy makers should be choosing etween sort of economy-wide horizontal interventions or you should be looking at more industrial strategies, targeted or firm specific interventions and what we find in our research is that cities really do both. successful cities. they manage to do both either in terms of sequencing or doing and that's what matters in terms of success. things? these a lot of our clients happen to of cities or governors of states or province of an economic development advisor, the policy space developed for them is quite limited. can't control trade or customs or a lot of national evel issues that might match their citizens where they're from. at the world bank, we encourage

hem to be a lot more opportunistic about the levers available to the city and we call it the city wench. three y wench is about things. ament a, it's about the mayor's wedge. about falls under the administrative area, the mayor himself or herself. it involved external partnerships with neighboring national ons or the government. third and what's really gold coalitions, ssentially bringing other actors in the community to bring in a growth coalition around a shared strategy or vision. give you an example closer to home -- i'm sorry, i don't have any american examples time being.or the there's more research we can borrow from our clines. south america, and columbia. had an economy mainly dominated by low-tech anufacturing, poultry productions, footwear, that sort

of thing. ast forward a couple of years and you find that now that manufacturing is more high-tech, manufacturing, lots of & d investment, growing so forth.d they made sure that the industry and developing and commercializing innovative technologies, instead of and refining and selling petroleum. we matters to us and what find from a lot of our case studies is it doesn't matter who does it. hat matters is that it gets done. and it wasn't the city of done.manga that got things it was the private sector that got things done. they had a strong and socially chambers of commerce. which is a leader in bringing together not just the private the city also government, the state government and the national government. made sure th ey that, you know, investments were

ade in developing not just technical, but also managerial capital within the city and they of human ghest levels capital skills in all of columbia. they also made sure that a lot national government incentives were actually targeted and used for industries city itself. so this is an example of why roup coalitions or private public partnerships are important in getting things done. and the third, which is the trickiest, is how do you get things done? ow, i don't really have -- i don't normally speak amongst a lot of american policy-based audience. let me ask you guys a question. across a lot of city strategies where what's happening on ground is very see on t from what you the strategy do you mean? okay, well, we do that a lot clients.urselves you have these amazing strategy documents designed by consultants and when you at what's ok happening on the grouped, it's very different for the strategy

documents. and i think this is something that's really important to us. we want to understand how you on the get things done ground. so let me take you to another of the world, it's a secondary city, and really in hunan province in china. he municipal leaders decided they wanted to make investments in human capital. hat was going to be the future for making sure it was going to be successful. they were, a, going to identify, compensate properly the right individuals to come there, whether from the rest of of the world est and b, they would invest in the talent pool within the city they had itself. going to build vocational training programs and try and match the skill sets of there with the companies and industries they were trying to develop. this is really new or interesting. a lot of cities and states try these kinds of strategies. was it so successful in doing what they did?

differently?ey did what they did manage to do, they were able to avoid some of the falls that most other city leaders have. or example, they were able to avoid things like turf wars or issues across agencies. leading groups mechanism was essentially a way to clarify the roles and across bilities different functional levels of government and administrative tiers of government as well. they did two things. a, it made sure that the targets and rewards and all the ncentives were appropriately aligned across all the different functional and administrative levels. cities, in the neutral zones and the districts and so on, and secondly, it maed sure of the management meetings taking place were escalated to the higher levels. that at was something really well.

you have a lot of other examples from the u.s. -- from cities across the u.s. that have done this. example, from the national transformation plan in malaysia well, the really estate in brazil. so there are a couple of ifferent examples of how implementation in management is what really matters in terms of getting things done. just data, t's not documents and analysis that matters to the city, when they're talking about why problems at least among our clients, you find it's implementation that's a big problem for them. to end by saying, for us, the cities turned out in the cities work, and this is quite surprising, the successful fine as competitive cities so cities ith accelerated economic growth, transformational shell growth, foreign and direct the cities we came across were not your capital cities. they were not your household and they were not common. cities very ond often in lagging regions of their countries that managed to

ecome competitive and that's the big message we want to leave with a lot of our audiences. you don't have to be a city on ady well known to build competitiveness. we have examples of very many cities that are able to be competitive over time. say thank you very much for inviting me to this. this is a very interesting panel and discussion and it's nice to world at the headquarters and see how the is.ess and i want to say that this topic is really important. an urgent topic. how are you going to get ready for the future? are you going to be more competitive in the future in there's a lot at stake here. cities will all sameto become -- reach the level of competitiveness in the top quartile of their regions, create 19 million additional jobs per anumb. we're talking about big stakes ere and tatalks about how cities will become competitive

nd future-ready and will be important for the future of the global economy. thank you very much. [applause] >> thank you. there's a lot on the table from he u.s. and the global perspective so i don't think we should have any problems at all soliciting questions from our audience. if you would, state your name and the organization you're with and succinct.ght audience: thank you. name is. [indiscernible].

inaudible audio] sure. so okay. i hope -- all right. o i think the key points i was aking at that time was governments have to work on a public private partnership to innovation. they also have a responsibility mind-set g society's or changes and technology, c use if that's -- if colonizations could take it the

wrong way, it turned out different. barriers, low barriers is important. and we talked about trust and if social responsibility. to me, when you are going to changes, you want the whole society to support and that's what the social responsibility policy, imbedded at the that the corporations have to or the government could take a policy themselves as a responsibility. so it could be done both ways the whole society has to progress. future-ready e a city without taking care the taking education and entire population coming with you. so that was the whole point but do think that the government play have a critical role given accelerating.e

audience: so regarding, for from e, amazon, a program u.s. to canada would create a regulatory system. journal a wall street article about people basically making insulin devices, insulin pumps, because they had a program. aren't in healthcare because it's really complex. i think the tially chief economist at the world bank, is there a possibility or a role for cities to take a greater role in the regulatory process? obviously, it would also require some work on a national level seattle for example, wants to say to that, hey, look, we can create a system that will allow amazon to keep their program here. a positive policy direction and what are your

thoughts on that? thank you. it.i can take a stab at particular e are aspects of the regulatory approaching local government and there are some aspects of that that are not within the control of cities, state level or talking about interstate commerce, that's a federal issue, right. and i think another key aspect nationaldvocate for at is greater local control. there's an understanding that if we are charging cities with innovation,aders of both local governments cities as as well as test grounds for innovation that do eed to empower cities to that. and there are many constraints articularly on local governments to help them facilitate, to facilitate

dditional innovation in the economy. so it certainly is now one that we recognize. one that 's also probably doesn't get enough attention currently. because we get a lot of pressure and expectations, particularly state level l and where there just may be the assumption that local are handlingr city or it's their responsibility. so yeah, i think, again, there's also the issue of health and safety. of always going to be part any government analysis on the regulatory environment. to the it may lead effect of having businesses of regulations than they would like, but on some level there as well.be a balance megha.ahead,

>> it's an absolute question. i don't want to lose my job but part of our 's esearch, if you expand the agreements available to city, you have the capacity that goes ith it and we have research in china that shows it did evolve a lot more power to the city. saw that it let the economics on the ground or increased jobs for cities that to implement ty that power and you're finding in a lot of countries especially in very quick, you have evolutio evolution, they don't have the human capital or technical economic nd the outcome. that's a really good question. thank you. sorry to interrupt. thank you. >> i will say there's an to rtunity for cities experiment approaches in how they manage their air space, for instance. opportunity for cities to be able to model to

theyest of the country how interact with innovators, whether they're innovators in he drone space or they're innovators in ride sharing, for instance. there's an opportunity to of the ate to the rest country how you manage technology well, not only for every citizen. which leads to one other point. i think it's important to look a city treats its smallest businesses and its communities and entrepreneurs there. look at how they interact with to then see how they can opportunity for all or small., large it's important to lowering bear wrerz it people getting ahead. it's not just reducing regulations or sake. it's riducing barriers for entrepreneurs, being able to innovate. not just tech entrepreneurs but

a recent immigrant trying to set food truck. our chamber work on the regulatory climate in the cities shown a tremendous opportunity for cities all work this country to roactively on reducing the regulatory burden on their cities, not only for smaller companies but tech entrepreneurs too. >> and i would say cities don't have to do everything. you they didn't try say what the air space quality would be. they just increased their broad and and now you can see the amount of data band width available to citizens is what's ausing the gdp to rise and productivity to rise. cities can do.s another city example is shanghai health ted a national and management system by working with other cities and not fromsarily saying somebody the nation is going to define.

so there are things, you know, policy that cities won't own. that's okay. what can they really do to make a difference? nd that's what they should focus on. how have policy towards quality of ted the competitiveness in this industry. terms hat do you see in of regulatory intervention in terms of migration making it asier for foreign entrepreneurs. if you have, for example, tesla or google created by foreigners. just like food trucks or, you know, immigrants creating smaller bases. so what to you see as the role and what has been done right now and, you know, is there, you things that are happening right now?

>> i remember seeing recently an in i think it was bloomberg, news week. here it said there were some interpreters coming from england, for example, flying back and forth because they're in a great area. they create a company here in the u.s. but they can work in the company so they're found ers back and forth every 90 days or something like that. big area. there's a >> i think especially in the space, talent is global, and you know, our point of view the quality of talent, given the right conditions and really make a huge ifference and, you know, certainly yes the policies that have been under discussions. tell you, ng i will u.s. is the best place to start a company. folks that i talked to, entrepreneurs in shenjen or in banglor, they say, you know, i

want to go -- as soon as i want global player, i need to move my company back to the u.s. doing a k the u.s. is lot of great things. so while the other debates are at least from an asian perspective, if you want to be global, credible, and be the unicom, you have to be here. mean they're giving up the base wherever they started. it only means they need to be present. there's a big ecosystem they have to entram. o that is a political side of this as well but from a business side, i see very positive to be the or u.s. engine for innovation and growth. and i think just a couple of other insights from ur work on foreign direct investment which i think there are some analogous strategies there, you know, thinking about, the extent to which maybe there's entrepreneurs in, you know, maintaining those global

connections. how can cities tap their foreign zones or within city hall, is there an ambassador program companys and entrepreneurs coming from outside the u.s. only g them navigate not from the local permitting of regulations but also state and federal. there are things that i think more open do to be and transparent and be more helpful and have that customer and ce oriented approach that's specifically within local government but again i think it ets at supporting our broader ecosystem, ensuring that entrepreneurs are connected within the community as well. >>, i mean, the chamber has a of working on rd immigration reform so i'll leave it aside for the time being and on one little aspect we had for innovative matters report, one indicator on talent, was not only the degrees and city, sets in a particular but how people came and went from the city, the population

flux, something that kaufman has to as a decent indicator of the degree to which your sea people, and new ideas and the degree to which drive innovation and the fascinating thing was that the cities with the highest opulation flux internationally were big start-up leaders, silicon valley, new york city, off the chartsly and the high domestic population austin were and also very innovative cities. so the degree to which you're going,o people coming and people from all corners of the globe and america is a great indicator of how innovative going to be going forward. when we were in silicon valley, we heard how if indian entrepreneur coming into silicon valley, there's a support structure. there's a network that will you plugged get in, introduce you to the right fundersto found ers and you can help start up your business. open to city that is

new comers, that has the community and welcomes people in theyets them plugged in so can start businesses like that. >> so mental jacobs, who runs urban center for new mechanics recently was talking about the difficulties with risk and experimentation and city government. pointed out some segments of the public, the media and elected legislators do not think experimentation is a valid use of taxpayer dollars. and if we had the same attitude in the corporate world, it's not an appropriate use of dollars for dell or experiment, . to that would be ridiculous. shareholder vs to understand companies have to take risks to next generation of products and services. o how do we overcome this barrier in public life, this attitude that experimentation is not an appropriate expenditure dollars? r what are you seeing out there?

>> just from our perspective, and i'll see -- i think -- i can understand how that sentence would make sense if you're thinking about sort of a government local that may not necessarily have resources or have the adaptive and ng noble and data-driven and in welcoming of new technologies, right. so in that case, if you let folks take risk, you're not that's going to look like, right. but i think as we're seeing cities, again, have the infusion of performance management, of innovation offices, of nnovation delivery teams, of technology officers, there's a taking, ctured risk right. it's a little bit more calculated. people have the tools that are at ntially the skills like the denver peak academy. they can take risks in an informed way. and i think if people see that

their local government is and they ing, understand and they see the good work that cities can do with technology, taxpayers i think at large would be more illing to allow their civil servants to go down that path. you ask k the question if you put this in the corporate usting, it's unthinkable for o go into an uncertain future and not run experiments, and not accept the favors that come along the way. but clearly in a public setting, that's a difficult thing to do. havingt's why we believe a public private partnership helps you manage that risk. and we still get the benefits and advantages. so i think that's one way to do it. then, you know, there will be more dynamic leaders who are willing to take risks and what it as well. so it's really up to individual ituations, but i think being data-driven like christy said

risk ducing the down side as well as having a more public-private partnership. best, i'm curious what the examples of what you're seeing how cities should be investing n their technology infrastructure, specifically their internet and broad band infrastructure and how they should be working with the sector. what are some of the best strategies going into place now particularly as we're looking smart re development of cities and the fact that that connectivity is going to have to be there to accomplish the goals cities want to accomplish? >> so from our perspective, play,s have a huge role to especially around the connectivity side. you know, i'll give you an

singapore. singapore has a very robust infrastructure. hey evaluated all of their telcos and said we are in the a a newitor so we will open telco which is the nextgen telco that the cally says ost of telco should be free or connectivity should be free. it should be a birth right like you have a social security number, you know. ways to push this forward and governments have to step beyond the governance and compliance to what the tenet was. and so i think today, if the just like i s, talked about semiconductor, 100 chips in mes faster the last 40 years, i will just apply the same thing to connectivity. connectivity is actually moving faster than the semiconductor. could we see ao, new way of interacting?

of course we can. are global telcos being born? what's the n think new global telco, facebook messenger is a global telco. may not be there but if you look at the example of v-chat. i.m., you can get all the global and local services and you can get government services. it becomes the portal. the interesting fact that i'll each mobile hat phone user has 80 plus applications downloaded. three or four use 80% of the time that it takes. it's likely to become is that some sort of onnectivity tool is going to become the central point of your screen. because that's how you're going o do everything that you need to do. now, is that a global framework or is it a city framework? i think the physical infrastructure of the city framework, application and likely to be

national or on a global framework. so there are -- this is a hugely important, because if you can screening of your obile phone, you have a wide implication of what services do you consume and when. cities can play digital and physical the structure and leave software infrastructure to other entrepreneur. >> i have a question for the oral-wide application of your discussion. i was at a wedding rwanda and n indicated that rwanda internal or whatever it is tax a fee on anybody who uses

a martphone to make withdrawal from a banker to pay bill, and you know, we've all seen, you know, your cell phone uponhas those tax upon tax tax. in the know, living eveloped countries and such, having the internet penetration, the use of smartphones in countries, i think there's an issue with the taxes.s for the what is your take on that industry? >> i agree with the asian megha ctive and i think may have a lot of other examples. structure t telco today i see it in india. making a callt of is nearly zero, less than one per minute, no