over again, what they have told me as they want folks in washington to work together to get things done for their families. over the past hour we have not heard one idea from the senator about how to fix congress. and that's because he has become a part of the problem. the senator has been protecting the status quo because the status quo has been great for him, his family, and special interest donors. over that time he has allowed overseas,to ship jobs to continue to get tax breaks labor for middle-class families would get them. that is one thing i'm going to the senate to change. the senator has voted to raise his own pay 12 times. middle-class families and misery are continuing to struggle. today senator blood lives in a million-dollar mansion in washington and only visits missouri when he has to. he's not the same person who was a history teacher or a greene county clerk eva had my current job as missouri secretary of state.

the senator used to be a reformer. he used to say we have to get money out of politics so missourians can get a fair deal. after 20 years in washington, he's changed and no longer believes that. when i signed up for the army, i did it out of a sense of duty to our country. i knew what the job would require of me and i was excited to do the job princess leia as a stateated representative for your secretary of state to stand up to the party, donors, or special interests to do what's right for missouri. i have spent as a state representative for your secretary of state my adult life serving our country and fighting for our values. i am ready to go to washington to fight for you and your family. >> jonathan mcfarland. >> i believe in democracy. i believe it works and it needs ideas to continue. i don't believe the politicians have all the ideas. i know president obama ran on a platform of we are change, but isi don't believe the politicias have all the it?

i really believe that we do need change, we need real change, and that change won't come from the top down. they comes from the bottom up. every american who has a vote could have an idea, and all these ideas we could collect and hear about them and throw them around and see how we can make those ideas work for us. and that's what i believe. i believe in the american people and i hope you believe in me and vote. >> that concludes the u.s. senate icandidate forum. let's give our candidates a round of applause. [applause] tuesday c-span.org

evening for the vice presidential debate on your desktop, phone, or tablet. what's live streams of the debate and video on demand of every question to the candidates, and their answers. use our video clipping tool to create video clips of your favorite debate moments to share on social media. not able to watch? to the debate live on the c-span radio at. it is free to download from the app store or google play. live coverage of the vice presidential debate tuesday evening on c-span.org and the c-span radio app. the vice presidential debate happens tuesday, october 4, at longwood university in farmville, virginia. see's hands live coverage starts at 7:30 p.m. eastern. for the next two and a half hours, we will take a look at the candidates, virginia senator tim kaine in indiana governor mike pence, beginning with some of their earliest appearances on

c-span. first we will hear from tim kaine on c-span's "washington ."urnal he was then serving as a member of the richmond city council and was joined on the program by rick white of washington, discussing a bill on taxing the internet. the legislation was signed into law in 1998 and included a three-year ban on taxing certain internet-based transactions. >> a city councilman from richmond, virginia is joining us great you are going to be testifying before a congressional hearing on the subject this morning. what is your point of view? >> the point of view of me and other local government officials, this all concerns the internet tax rate. the main purpose of the bill is to preempt state and local taxation for an indefinite period of time on internet services and internet providers. we have a real concern about that.

first a philosophical one, the federal government should wrestle with federal tax issues that when congress starts to tell states and localities about what local activities it should or should not tax to raise local revenue for local programs, we about it.concerns we don't think there's a need for preemption of this kind. in virginia, my constituents are glad to call me and complain about taxes and i get complaints a lot. complaint about taxes relating to any internet transaction or the city is being contradictory. i surveyed other local officials in virginia and they feel the same way. nationwide preemption of 30,000 local governments for an indefinite period of time, there will be a moratorium on taxation of this industry concerns us. finally, carving out this area of commerce and preempting it revenuess hurts local but is also potentially unfair to businesses that don't transact business over the internet.

why should we have a government mandated advantage for internet commerce and not for non-internet related commerce, the standard main street business, manufacturing facility, won't have the benefit of the statute. it will just be for internet related commerce, and that causes us concern. the principles behind the statute the congressman and w hite are talking about our once we favor. we think there are ways to harmonize the way taxes are carried out by localities in this area. there are ways to do that short of a statute. >> are there any federal taxes when i go to the internet to buy something? >> there aren't any, police none specifically related to the internet. if you are a company and you get income from the internet, you have income taxes. if you are a company who sells something on the internet, you still have to pay sales taxes. we are not -- not trying to say you can't tax the same transaction you tax locally just because it happens on the internet.

what we don't want to see is people taxing the internet just because it's the internet. tim makes the point there are 30,000 taxing jurisdictions around the united states. that beforeake sure we get too far down the pipe with 30,000 different taxing schemes, we figure out what this new medium is about. >> how long would your moratorium last? >> the moratorium is indefinite under the bill that we call for a two-year study. we appoint a commission that has state and local officials on it, and we try to think about what makes sense in terms of taxing the internet, and we will have a report two years from now. if there's a good reason to lift the moratorium or set up some other system, we can do that. pointt about this regarding it being unfair to other local retailers who are not on the internet and have no plans to be on the internet? >> that's the 1.i disagree with the most. but we have tried to do in our bill is make sure if you conduct a transaction on the internet that would otherwise be subject

to tax in the state, you have to pay that tax too. you can't tax the internet just because it's the internet. i fully understand that state and local governments need tax revenue. they have a lot of obligations, they don't have a lot of money and are looking for new ways to find revenue. they are so creative, you sometimes have to stay one step ahead of them to make sure things don't get out of control. there isn't a good reason to tax the internet because it's the internet, from a state and local standpoint. it's not like cable licenses, for cable tv. there are some right away is using some services the state and local governments provide. this is a new medium comments and the newspaper a lot, state and local governments would like to figure out a way to drive revenue. i think that would be a mistake at this time. >> for our viewers, if you would like to join us. you will see the phone numbers at the bottom of your screen as we spend time talking about this legislation before congress

right now. specifically it will be the topic of a hearing on capitol hill today. i go online, i go to something like l.l. bean. go to l.l. bean, which is located somewhere in maine, i'm not sure. they're in maine, i'm in washington, d.c. whose taxes do i pay if i order a coat? >> is not much different if you pay from -- if you order from mail order catalogs. most localities and these kinds of sales rely on self reporting. we don't have a good mechanism -- either in catalog sales or internet transactions, it relies on the consumers and everyone acknowledges this is an area of taxation that is poorly enforced because we don't have the mechanism. it would be the same concern with an internet transaction as exists within l.l. bean telephone catalog. you are supposed to pay a sales tax in your locality unless you live in the state where the

catalog operators are located. a little bit more complicated for the internet, isn't it? i could be a third-place, couldn't i? someplace out west with my computer ordering something from the northeast when i lived a third-place. that much more complicated. the internet uses the phone lines just like you do when you make a phone call. we are not trying to change that. you still should have to pay a sales tax, just the way you do whether you get into the l.l. bean website or call them on the telephone. we are not trying to change that. what we are trying to prevent is somebody in california which has all the internet servers for the west coast of the united states, taxing a transaction that from one of my constituents just because the internet server happen to be located in california. that's a kind of thing we're trying to avoid. >> how did you get involved in this issue? >> a couple of ways.

i'm on a policy committee dealing with telecommunications and i'm on a committee appointed by the fcc on telecommunications policy. it interests me. white, -- like congressman white, getting familiar with the internet because my kids are teaching me. this is a dramatic and expanding part of the economy the next few years, and putting it off limits for local tax purposes does cause us concern because it is such a growth area. the taxes should be fair, they should be worked out well between localities. there are many kinds of businesses other than internet that do business across state lines and multiple jurisdictions and they have been able to have their taxes harmonized. the internet isn't that different in some ways than a telephone or catalog sales. we have been able to work out thoseon with respect to

sectors of the industry, and i don't see there's any reason we can't hear either. we don't really need a moratorium on taxes. >> our next segment features mike pence just after his election to congress in november of 2000. he won to see in a second district after running unsuccessfully in 1988 and 1990. this c-span interview took place on capitol hill. >> mike pence the representative elect from indiana, second district. in orientation what have you learned about setting up a new congressional office? is ave learned that it massive undertaking. we're trying to build on a solid foundation of people of experience who can focus first and addressing the ongoing need of the people of the second congressional district. >> tell us about your home district. >> the second congressional home district of indiana is heartland america. it is marked by a couple of industrial centers. for the most part, a lot of farmland, a lot of small

communities, and i think it's be a delightful place to represent in washington, d.c. as a conservative. >> what issues from home are you bringing here you would like to focus on. >> i would like to focus on tax relief. i believe that once we have kept our promises to senior be a dele to represent in washington, d.c. as a conservative. >> citizens, this imperative that we seize this time of extraordinary budget surpluses to bring about tax relief for working families, small businesses and family farms. i'm hearing from the people of my district a real concern about military readiness and national security, and i'm hoping to be a part of the discussion of rebuilding the military. >> tell us about your background, which includes broadcasting. >> it does. although i'm trained as an attorney, i have spent the last seven years of my life working in syndicated call-in radio, c-span without the cameras. very much being a daily syndicated talk host, exclusively in indiana and often

did a little bit of television work. hopefully that prepared me well and taught me how to be a listener. >> whenever you learn from your listeners about what their concerns are as the new congress starts? >> i have learned that people are genuinely concerned with that which most closely touches their lives. the security of their family, the strength of their jobs and local economy. the education of their children. when i was a talkshow host i found that when we were talking about issues that came close to home, we strike a responsive chord. as i commented congress, i hope to focus on those kinds of issues. >> you have small children? >> we have three small children under the age of eight. >> with such small children, will you be moving to family or stay in here? >> it's a difficult decision to

make. we are going to make some plans in the short term to ho me-school, so my wife, who is a 15 year public school teacher, will take on those duties and permit us to live in both places. when congress is in session i want my wife and children with me here. as soon as we are out of session, we want to be home in indiana. >> i want to talk with new members about the bipartisanship of the freshman class coming in. how will you reach across the political aisle? >> i always used to say on my radio program that i'm a conservative but i'm not in a i reallyabout it or it believe that civility is essential to the survival of the republic. we have to develop once again in this congress and in the national government and national debate, a new civility that brings with it a sense of humility, sense of humor, and the ability to argue the issues doorously to walk out the and understand we are all americans, we are all working

hard to make america a better place. >> on april 5, 2003, the city of richmond and the u.s. historical society unveiled a statue of abraham lincoln. according to "the new york times ," members of sons of confederate veterans held a protest that same day at the grave of jefferson davis. the statue commemorates president lincoln's visit to richmond shortly after the city fell to union forces near the end of the civil war. then virginia lieutenant governor tim kaine spoke at the dedication ceremony. >> thank you all very much. the lincoln douglas debates often took four or five hours under a hot sun. this is about an hour and 15 minutes. we are getting to the critical part. what a great day it is to be a virginian. there are some who have asked the question, does abraham lincoln belong in richmond?

does abraham lincoln belong in virginia? gives me, asjoy it someone elected to statewide office by the voters of the commonwealth of virginia, to answer that question and say yes, we claim abraham lincoln as one of our own. we claim abraham lincoln as a brother. we claim abraham lincoln as a virginian. [applause] we claim abraham lincoln as a brother and virginian because of family connection, his mother and father's families were both from virginia. we claim him as a brother and virginian because of affection that he held for the south, for southerners, and virginian's during his entire life, even during the difficult war years, and most especially in the days after the war. but we most specifically claim lincoln as a virginian because the project of his mature adult life was to pick up and rescue from the dustbin the most

virginian of values that all men are created equal, and to work to continue that project that was authored by that other virginian, thomas jefferson, 85 years before. that was the work of abraham lincoln's life. [applause] to be true to virginia values. lincoln learned those words from the declaration of independence when he was a young man going to fourth of july ceremonies when the declaration of independence would be read. after the declaration of independence was prepared by jefferson, when the constitution was written a decade later, there was nothing in the constitution about the equality of all men. that was left out in the constitution. instead the constitution enshrined inequality by protecting slavery. the constitution even said that african-americans in the south of a be counted as 3/5

person, and shrine in inequality, and that was the world that abraham lincoln grew up in. in the 1850's, when he was out of politics probably forever, according to him and others, but still following the events of the day, there were debates on the floor of the senate in which a senator from indiana, a northern state, said this about jefferson's words. senator john pettit of indiana in 1854 said, jefferson's promise of equality was a self evident lie. jefferson said, we hold these truths as self evident that all men are created equal. but even northern senators said those virginia values were lies. ,t that point in lincoln's life he let go of every other political issue he had debated and talked about for the previous 20 years, and for the rest of his life he argued one

proposition, if slavery was true, the declaration of independence was a lie. the declaration of independence was true, slavery was a lie. no equivocations. you had to make a choice. he argued that again and again, to be elected as president, in the emancipation proclamation, in the gettysburg address, where he quoted jefferson and said that four score and seven years ago, the nation was founded upon these shores conceived in liberty and dedicated to the single proposition that all men are created equal. abraham lincoln restored to the central place in american life notion that we all of us are created equal, and in the short time after his death, congress finally changed the constitution to outlaw slavery and also include the 14th amendment or texting the equality of every person.

and so does abraham lincoln belong in virginia? as long as anyone. as long as anyone picks up that mental that thomas jefferson wrote about in the declaration of independence, and works in the vineyard for equality, we in virginia are glad to claim him as our own. .braham lincoln is one of us during his time in congress, mike pence spoke regularly at the annual march for life rally , an eventton, d.c. antiabortion activists used to mark the anniversary of the supreme court's roe versus wade decision. here is his speech from the 30th annual march for life rally in january 2003. >> thank you so much, it is a beautiful day in america to see so many shining faces. i'm congressman mike pence, i'm from indiana, and i'm pro-life.

i rise as my colleagues have done, as we heard from the president from missouri today to say yes to life. for theo say it's time president of the united states of america to send in the principal pro-life judges and we will move them as americans, end roe v.urt, an ed wade forever. it is time for us to and partial-birth abortion in this civilized country has no place. it is time for all of the reforms, adoption reform, and the president's vision for faith-based initiative. speed, resources for crisis pregnancy centers and other ministries around america that are there for women with more than a hollow choice, but with real answers meeting their real needs, but i am mostly here

today as a father and american say thank you to you, from my heart. because of all of say thank youe millions of americans you represent, abortion is in steep .ecline in america today abortion is less available, less importantly,st less morally acceptable than any time since 1973. you alone have exposed the empty promises of the left who offer a choice, but deliver only heartache and disappointment and a national conscience feared by pain. the media will depict some of us as strange for standing in the cold. "usa today" said we should get on with it, the extremist speeches that will be heard on the national wall today were a crazy.bit

to be honest with you, i think of the song by billy joel that says, you may be right. i may be crazy. but it just may be a lunatic america is looking for. it just may be time, as it's ever been the case, on the steps of the lincoln memorial in 1963, 1776, where soil in every time throughout american history where we have achieved moral, social change, it has been crazy americans who believe in an alienable rights -- inalienable

, congressman mike pence speaking before the christian coalition. event took place just before the 2004 presidential election and after congregants wasgressman pence elected to lead the committee. as i heard that introduction, i was humbled by it. be elected this week to lead the conservative caucus. that when people introduce you, they get carried away. was at a dinner in indiana, where i served last month, and

the woman introducing meat was more generous than you heard today. thewent on and on about work i had done on behalf of the conservative agenda. she said there are so few great men and american politics today, i give you congressman mike pence. spoke andnd afterwards i asked my wife what she thought of the speech. she said it was fine. was thinking about that woman who introduced me and what she said. said, uh-huh. [laughter] very few if you take yourself totally out of it, great men and american politics today. know there isi one fewer than you think there is. [applause]

[laughter] i prefer the introduction that was described to me, a christian, conservative, republican in that order. i appreciate the christian coalition. [applause] it was just a number of months ago that i found myself on a bus and a sloping valley , one totwo gentle hills the north and one to the south. it was a valley north of jerusalem, and there was a tiny creek that runs through it. guide, who traveled with myself, my wife, and the jewish federation of greater indianapolis, said we are passing through the valley. i thought hard for a moment

about where i had heard that before. he said that brook is where a ruddy faced young man walked millennia ago and picked up some smooth stones. the words that echoed through the history from the young man who would be king are words that i would like to reflect on today . he stood listening to a giant saying that the army of which he , and hert was finished saw there being no reply, he asked the question, is there not a cause? that questionhat that echoes through history should echo in our hearts today. the leadership gathered here today never suffers that question. justice,he cause, do love kindness, walk humbly with our god, and to support men and

women who are prepared to do likewise in the public square. [applause] and the stakes in this election year as senator mcconnell said could not possibly be higher, the contrasts more stark, and i was beat you about the stakes and the contrasts before i leave and let you hear of from my betters in a moment. week, in washington dc, it privilege toleverag welcome a couple from indiana. there are probably more people there, room that live but it is a great place, and you are from there. that is not surprising if you know what a great town it is. the family was at a press conference in washington with

their beautiful twin son and daughter, caroline and spencer. apart from being the most beautiful children on earth, according to them, they were otherwise unremarkable infants in a room full of squalor ring infants. they were snowflakes, frozen , they are as we are told told discardable. i looked at them, and there was able about them.

in the only book the ronald reagan left before leaving and i believe he would speak of the stem cell research today irrespective of what his namesake says, that you cannot diminish the value of any kind of human life without diminishing the value of all human life. lifethe sanctity of human and this debate over stem cell at theh is fundamentally center of this political debate, make no mistake about it. next week on capitol hill, i will be privileged to be part of the team that brings to the floor under another bill that i think is at the center of our national life and the very heartbeat of your work in isistian coalition, and that

we will bring the marriage protection act to the floor of the house of representatives and we will pass it in this congress. [applause] and i must tell you that there are those who would trivialize this debate, and to be perfectly candid, i believe that this issue is of such enormous social and cultural consequence that it is regrettable that it takes place in the midst of a national election year. men and women, history has selected this time, not conservatives, and let me make , while i mayear disagree with the lifestyle mostes of americans offended by the federal marriage amendment, and while i may pray

for them, people who would know me know me to be a live and let live person. i try to love my neighbor whether i agree with him or not, but i do know that even though i am from south of highway 40 in indiana the difference between attacking and defending, and men and women, marriage, and those of us who stand for traditional marriage, are attacking no one. we are defending an institution upon which our vitality and our families and society depend. [applause] and marriage matters. am reaching to the choir here, men and women, but i think the basics matter. as were talking to friends, and the millions of people looking foroday, marriage matters four basic reasons. number one, it was not our idea.

marriage was ordained by god. and instituted in the law. it is the glue of the american family and it is the safest harbor to raise children in. the marriage matters for these reasons, and we must take the case to the american people over and above the politics that we must stand with those who stand with marriage. [applause] >> and i in for size one point in particular, and that is what man thatoosier said, a to this day i have the privilege of calling a friend, vice president dan quayle, who stood for family and stood for marriage -- [applause] as the country song says, he was profamily before profamily , but we all remember

the race in 1992 when dan quayle had the audacity to stand in the midst of a national debate and say that two-parent families mattered for children. and i will never forget the headline of the atlantic monthly magazine published after the team lost that simply read, dan quayle was right, and he still is. two-parent traditional marriage is the safest harbor for raising children. in 1990 two. it has been proven again and again and again by sociologists and secular sources in the intervening dozen years or more. by such example was provided maggie gallagher and joshua baker in a recent survey produced are institute for

marriage and public policy. listen to this quote from 12 whoing family scholars summarized all the recent research literature on marriage. "marriage is more than a private emotional relationship. it is also a social good. or shouldperson can marry. not every child raised outside of marriage is damaged as a result, but immunities were good-enough marriages are common have better outcomes to just a day for children, women, and men then do community suffering from high rates of divorce, unmarried childbearing, and violent marriages." men and women, we stand for marriage, because more than any issue of our time, marriage matters to the vitality of this, the freest, strongest, and most profanation on the earth. [applause]

most powerful nation on earth. [applause] >> the choice could not be clearer in this election. the choice between president against abush, who withering a salt of criticism was willing to step into the roosevelt room and hold his head high and say he would support a constitutional amendment defining marriage as a union between a man and a woman with an act of moral courage, as compared to the democratic nominee who says he supports a litany, but offers of excuses that makes his position and the position of the democratic party meaningless. there is one candidate in this race that is prepared to lead with moral courage to defend marriage, and that is president george w. bush.

george w. bush. [applause] and let me say it plainly, there is only one pro-life party in the united states of america, and this pro-life president not only talk to the talk, but walked the walk when he signed a band of partial-birth abortion, ending a moral nightmare in the united states of america with the support of a republican congress. [applause] >> partial-birth abortion is over. the choice could not be clearer. so now it is your turn. ,e get called leaders out here but as a friend of mine who was involved in the hungarian revolution against the russians in the middle of last century said, "my, do know what the definition of a leader is?

it is just a coward who gets pushed to the front of the parade." [laughter] >> some of us have been pushed to the front of the parade, but you are the leaders, the people who will go out from today either encouraged or invigorated or not, and i want to challenge you with three thoughts, and i close. first, i challenge you to pray. mean, men and women, i am not talking about the way they do in the end zone it in an nfl football game. far be it from me that i should send against the door by failing to pray for you. an ambitionys it is to be up and say i am a man of prayer. never forget the day that i first saw the president after september 11. i spent that day on the ground in the capital. long the president not

thereafter and walked up to him as a brother and christ and took him by the hand and said i want you to know i am praying for you , and he said to me thanks, i am honored. i took his hand a little tighter because i knew he thought i was just saying it and i said, i want you to know i am praying for you, every day, on my knees, by name. on my shoulder and looked at me and said, keep it up, mike. it matters. men and women, don't leave here today without understanding the proceeds conquest, to get on our knees, to pray through the election, to pray through these challenges, god who himself who with no authority would intervene to make clear this good nation, the clear choice we face on the controlling moral issues of our time. on april 16, two thousand

seven, virginia tech begin the sight of what the washington post called the "deadly shooting in american history. ." virginia techs a student who later took his own life. then governor tim kane and his wife flew back from asia to attend a memorial one day after the shooting. >> what an amazing community this is. mr. president and mrs. bush and to all of those part of this virginia tech community in this room and on this campus and worldwide today, it is a bitter wife anday, and yet my i are privileged to be here with you, and there is nowhere else in the world we would rather be than with you at this moment. mentioned, we left on sunday morning from richmond to go on a two-week trade mission to asia.

is an event ints india to spotlight a wonderful program of virginia tech. we had been in tokyo in the hotel for about five hours when we were awakened by a call at about 1:00 in the morning to report the horrible tragedy on this campus, and we were stunned , and our first thought was we need to get home. we need to be with his community that we care so much about. we had the experience of being up in the middle of the night and not be able to get home for about 10 hours, so we did what people all across the world have been doing. our hotel room, then a coffee shop, then an airport waiting lounge with the television on, watching to get news about what was happening on this campus and how the campus was handling it. away fromferent being home being halfway across the

world and seeing what was happening on this campus and what you come you students, where showing to the world, and even in the midst of the darkest day of the history of this campus, what you showed to the world yesterday, you students, was an amazing thing, again, again, again, in all these various news outlets, students were called for to recall their thoughts and ask what they thought about the campus and how they were dealing with this tragedy, and the grief was real and very raw, and the questions were deep in troubling, but again and again what the students came back to wearing the virginia tech sweatshirts, the cap's, the incredible community spirit and how before it was about who was to blame or what could have been different. there was about how we take care of each other on this wonderful, wonderful community, how proud we were even in the midst of a

sad day to see how well you represented yourself in this university to a worldwide community. there are deep emotions that are called forth by us. a tragedy as significant as this. shed tearsshamedly about this, and i know virtually all of you have as well. you should being doing to it you should be grieving. there are resources here on this campus to help you as you find need for consolation. that is so important. that is aeaction natural reaction is anger, anger at the gunman, anger at the circumstance, what could have been done different. one of the most powerful stories in the human history of stories tothat great story central judaism, islam, and christianity, the story of job

from the old testament, afflicted with all kinds of tragedies in his family and , he wasnd he was angry angry at his circumstances. he was angry at his creator. he argued with god. he did not lose his faith. it is ok to argue. it is ok to be angry. those emotions are natural as well. and finally, the emotions of the family members most affected, losing a son, losing a daughter, a brother, a sister, losing a close friend. it can go beyond grief to isolation and feeling despair, those haunting words that were myered on a hill on calvary, god, my god, why hast thou forsaken me? despair is a natural emotion at a time like this. and are all natural

appropriate, but let me ask one thing if you, this community, as you wrestle with your sadness, as you wrestle with your own feelings of anger and confusion, as you wrestle with the despair, even your family members who have lost people close to you, do not, do not let all of that spirit of community that makes virginia tech such a special place, do not lose hold of that. you need it as a university because you have always had it. you need to maintain it. we do not need that spirit of community to be a victim of yesterday. no, you need that. community unified together, there is so much you can do for these family members with theirm deal f.ief i

we in virginia that spirit of community that you have here. we are bold enough to call ourselves not a state, but a commonwealth. estate is a dotted line, a political subdivision, but commonwealth has meaning. haveod-given resources we we hold together for a community , and you can be that community and demonstrate the community in a way that will benefit the entire virginia. and finally, i would say to you that from having that vantage point of hearing about this on the other side of the world, it is not just you that needs to maintain the spirit, the worldly q2, because the world was watching you yesterday, and in the darkest moment in the theory of this university world saw you and saw you respond in a way that build community. i was reminded in the airport as

we got ready to board to come back that i had seen this story before. i had turned on the television and seen the bad news of a shooting or a weather emergency or a famine. i have seen these stories, and there will be more stories, but there was something in store yesterday that was different, and it was you, your spirit of optimism, community, and hope, and wanting to be together, and you taught something good yesterday even in the dark days to the people all around the world, and the world needs that example. and so i pledge to do all i can to be with you in these coming days, to be alongside of you in difficult times as we sort through and try to work with families and friends. you have a remarkable community here. just look around and see the thousands of students next door. this is a remarkable place. do not lose hold of that sense

of community which is so powerful in this room. >> more now from tim kaine as we pastat events from the featuring the 2016 by spurgeon vice presidential candidates. obamaine endorsed barack for president. here he is introducing the senator just before the state's primary. mr. obama went on to win the race was 64% of the vote. >> this is unbelievable. are you ready to win in two days? [applause] is inspiring. remember the titans, coach boone. i am so glad to be with so many friends. christina for that great enthusiasm, and enthusiasm we

all share. the overflow of the overflow we are gathered here because we are part of a national movement to change this country and put in a president that we can be proud of. [applause] >> yes, we can. >> yes, we can. >> yes, we can. >> yes, we can. >> yes, we can. [applause] as christina mentioned, i am one of the national cochairs of the campaign. i endorse senator obama one year ago today. [applause] i could see having got to known him when i campaign for governor an excellent set of character, judgment, and vision, and i think americans will want ask a lens in 2008 after two

administrations in a row of mediocrity. [applause] i could see that the senator was that you no fire at a time when we are so defied it, and we need a unified nation, and the senator is a person of strong values and beliefs who is reaching out to bring others to the table and include others, and we need a unifier, and that is who senator obama is and that is what our nation needs. [applause] when christina was speaking, i was thinking back. i've spent time in honduras working with missionaries, and we used to have a couple of phrases that come to mind. it is a word if you know spanish, it means ready, but it means more than that. andeans a conscience

intellect that is formed and encourage that is ready to put you out there doing what you need to do. [applause] another phrase we used to use , walking with the people. -- ck obama [speaking in spanish] [applause] > [speaking in spanish]

[applause] >> translation all of that, he is a great guy. he is a great guy. he is a great guy. [applause] and so i endorse him for those reasons, but i endorse him for one other reason, and that is why i am here. we are not doing this for our health. we are doing it to win. we want somebody who can win, and barack obama can win. [applause] >> barack obama can win. barely one month into a primary season and barack obama has one states all over this country. [applause] states andne red , northern states,

southern states, eastern states, western states, midwestern states. [applause] >> he has one and states that were urban, suburban, rural, that only democrats could participate in all over this nation from alabama to alaska and everywhere in between. we have a candidate who can win, who can win. [applause] night,you saw last aren't we and a great mood today after yesterday? [applause] a blue state, washington, a red state, nebraska, a purple state, louisiana, all overwhelmingly for barack obama. [applause] tuesday, and on tuesday, we can be part of a big momentum story to propel him for two next week with wisconsin and

hawaii, to propel him for what rhode island, texans, and vermont. a big win tuesday, there will be unstoppable momentum to this campaign. will you do it? will you do it? [applause] >> yes, we can. >> yes, we can. yes, we can. yes, we can. look back atcial the vice presidential candidates continues now with mike pence speaking shortly after the 2008 presidential election. theddition to losing presidency that year, republicans also lost seats in both houses of congress, then a panelman pence joined to discuss the future of the republican party and the proper role of the minority in

congress. it was those of by the republican governors association. >> tell us how you see the role of the minority in congress and addressing the new president when he takes office and the bigger majorities in the house and senate. >> labbe. humbling for this invitation. i looked at the panel and was thinking that it is kind of like introducing obi-wan kenobi, han solo, luke skywalker, r2-d2 will also be on the panel. [laughter] >> and bill, i was talking about me. [laughter] [applause] here otherrnors up than mitch daniels that i must respect in america and have a chance to address the governors

gathered here, including a person who i think is the finest, most dignified, most courageous candidate for president of the united states in my lifetime. [applause] have to state the obvious,viou that there is a difference between the republican party at the state level and the leadership represented around this table than at the federal level. the lessons that were forgotten at the federal level were put into practice in increasing measure in places like mississippi, in places like indiana, in places like texas, and so i take to heart the difference there, so when i speak about where the republican me speak about

where i think the republican party and washington, d.c. is. at the federal level, the republican party is in the wilderness. wrotethor mark halperin there is a way out of the wilderness. is way out of the wilderness the truth, recognizing it, stating it, defending it, and living by it. that ate the truth is the federal level in 2006 and 2008, we did not lose our governing majority. we lost our way. the american people did not walk away from the contract with america. they decided we did, and somewhere we in my judgment and my eight years in congress we lost our willingness to fight for those principles of fiscal discipline, limited government, and reform. and to find our way back, we need to recognize that, be open with the american people about it, and be humble about it.

i think we need to return our party as governor palin and governor perry and others have said in remarks before, i think we need to return our party to the principles that i believe minted still the majority of the united states of america. on election day, we are told 22% of americans identify themselves as liberals. i did not do great in math in the fourth grade. i don't think that's a majority. the governinghat majority in america is still centered around people that are looking for leadership that will defend our nation, defend our treasury, and defend our values with everything they have got, and if the republican party at the national level will do what so many governors around the country have done, i believe that we will see not only our political fortunes bring back, but the resurgence of those ideals practice at the national level. point, i call myself a

jacket cap republican. i kemp republican. we will see the first thecan-american become president of the united states of america, and at a core level, it should be special for republicans. the founder of our parties signed the emancipation proclamation. it was teddy roosevelt who endured scorn by inviting and african-american leader to the white house. did so much to build the relationship of our party to the african-american community.

lastly, i had to pull a little winston churchill, i know you approve, ed, winston churchill described the duty before us. said "it is the duty of every english man and english party to accept political defeat cordially and to do their best endeavors to secure the success or neutralize the evil of the principles to which they have to succumb."s he republicans need to turn to what states never forgot, return to the principles, strong defense, limited government, sanctity of life, sanctity of marriage, and then we need to be willing after

an appropriate time of recognizing a transition in history, we need to be willing to fight at every level for what we believe in. thank you. [applause] just two years after the 2008 presidential election, republicans won back the majority and the house of representatives. mike pence spoke shortly after the 2010 midterms at an event hosted by the federal society in washington. he focused on the role of the president. a reminder that c-span will have live coverage of the vice presidential candidates debate on tuesday, october 4, starting at 7:30 p.m. eastern. the presidency is the most visible thread that runs to the tapestry of the american government. more often than not, for good or ill, it says the tone for the other branches and spurs the expectations of the people. its powers are vast and consequential. its requirements from the outset and by definition impossible for

mortals to fulfill without attention to its purposes as set forth in the constitution of the united states. the greatmazing given and momentous nature of the office that those who seek it seldom pause to consider what they are seeking? rather, unconstrained by reflection or principal there is something that once its powers our seas, the new president can will do it as it instrument to transform the nation according to his highest aspirations. the presidency is neither fit nor intended to be such an instrument. what the country says, the theme of this address, what it says by its long history, what it says

quite naturally and rightly, what it may well have said on november 2 is that we as a people are not to be ruled and not to be commanded. [applause] it says that the president should never forget this, that he has not risen above us, but is merely one of us. , dismissedallot after his term, tasked to bear the weight of decision, to carry out faithfully the design laid down in the constitution and impassioned by the declaration of independence. at mustidency adhere to that in the constitution. while the powers of the office have enlarged along with those of the legislature and

judiciary, the framework was intended to restrict abuses, to the classical empires and the regal states of the 18th century. without proper adherence to the role contemplated in the constitution for the presidency, checks and balances in the constitutional plan become weekend. of uses been most in recent years. seems,ither party it presidents have often forgotten that they are intended to restrain the congress at times, and that the congress is independent of their desires, and thus fused in some kind of unholy unity, the political in anhas raged forward expansion of powers and prerogatives, mistakenly assuming that to exercise power is by default to do good. even the simplest among us know that this is not so. power is an instrument of fatal consequence.

it is confined no more readily than quicksilver and escapes good intentions as easily as air flows through mash. therefore those who are trusted with it must educate themselves and self-restraint. a republic, if you can keep it, is about limitation, and for good reason. because we are mortal, and our actions are imperfect. the tragedy of presidential decision is that with even the best of choice, some, perhaps many, will be left behind, and die. perhaps many, may because of this, a true statesman lives in what churchill called a continuous stress of soul. onlyy give to call, but because he robs peter, and that is why you must always be wary of a president who seems to float upon his own greatness. for all treatments is tempered

by mortality, and every soul is evil. it is a tragedy indeed that the is seeking more power. beene judiciary, this has seldom and better express than by judge thurgood marshall, do what you think is right and let the law catch up. congress, it presents itself in massive legislation, ask and codes thousands of pages long and so complicated that no human being could read through them in a lifetime, much less understand them, much less apply them justly to a people who are no longer being asked, but feel like they are being told. our nation finds itself too often of late in the position of not tohose duty it is ask why, because the why is too elevated for his nature, just

simply obey. but america is not a dog and does not require a, because i said so jurisprudence, to which it is then commanded to catch up, or legislators who need laws of such complexity that they are heavier than chains, or a president who acts like, speaks like, and is received as a king. [applause] the presidency has run off the rails. it begs a new clarity, a new discipline, a new president. [applause] the president is not our teacher, our tutor, our guide, or our ruler. he does not command us, we command him. we serve neither him nor his vision.

hiss not his job or prerogative to redefine custom, law, and beliefs to appropriate industries, to seize the country as it were by the shoulders or by the throat as if to impose by the force of theatrical charisma is justice on 300 million people. it is neither his job or his prerogative to shift of the power of decision away from the people to him and the acolytes of his choosing. is my characterization of unprecedented presumption incorrect? thefer to the judgment of people, which they will make with their own eyes and ears. listen to the exact words of president obama's transition at the point of his election "it is important that president-elect obama is prepared to really take power ."d begin to rule day one

, "presidentntly obama understands the importance of leveling the playing field." leveling., rule, shouldit is now, it never again be the model of the presidency or the character of the american president. [applause] >> no one can say this to strongly, no one can say it enough until it is remedied, we are not subjects, we are citizens. [applause] fought a war so that we don't have to treat kings like kings, and if i may remind you,

we won that one. [laughter] [applause] >> the powers of the presidency are extraordinary, and great presidents treat them sparingly. moving or profound understanding of the nature of the presidency than the command of humility placed on it has been expressed in my judgment than by president coolidge. he like lincoln lost a child while he was president, a son of 16. the data became president, coolidge wrote, he had just started to work in a tobacco field when one of his fellow labor said to him, you know, if my father was president, i would not be working in a tobacco field. to which young calvin apparently replied, if my father where your father, you would. [laughter] his affection for the boy was

obvious, and his admiration. house,n the white president coolidge's son contracted blood poisoning. coolidge wrote words that resonate with any parent in the room. he wrote "what might have happened to him other other , ifumstances, we don't know i had not been president." .n he continue when he went, the power and the glory of the presidency went with him." this and not like power is the source of presidential dignity, and it must be restored.

it depends entirely upon character, self-discipline, and an understanding of the fundamental principles that underlie the republic, but life itself. presidentcates the feels the gravity of his office and is willing to sacrifice himself. that his eye is on the storm of history through which it is his responsibility to navigate with the specific powers accorded to him and the limitations placed upon them, not merely by man, but by god. rotunda, there are heroic paintings, the signing of the declaration, the victory at saratoga, the victory at yorktown, and something seldom seen in history, a painting that depicts a general, the leader of an armed rebellion

, resigning his commission and surrendering his army to a new democracy. upon hearing from benjamin west that george washington having won the war and been urged by some to use the army to make himself king would instead returned to his farm, george the , if he does that, he will be the greatest man in the world. he did, and he was. [applause] >> to aspire to such virtue and self-restraint would be difficult, but in another sense, it should be easy. difficult, because it would be demanding, and easy because it is just the right thing to do and the rewards are immediate and self-evident.

a president who slights the constitution is like a writer who hates his horse, he will be thrown. [laughter] [applause] >> and the nation along with him. solemnly swears to preserve, protect, and defend the constitution. he does not solemnly swear to overlook, reinterpret it. other than an in a crisis of , if hey, decency should want to hurry along the constitution, he should do so by justment rather than meant, for if he joins the powers of his office with his own willful interpretation, we step away from a government of laws towards a government of men. the president should regard the constitution and the declaration like an excess lover, they should be on his mind all the time. the lightrough which

of all questions of government pass. though we have sometimes gradually, sometimes radically, moved away from this, we can move back to it, and who better than the president to restore this wholesome devotion? as at home, the president must be cautious, dutiful, and deferential, abroad his character must change. were he to ask for a primer on how to ask in relation to other states, which no holder of the office has needed up to this point, and were that primer to be written by the american people either in 1776 or in 2010 , you can be confident that it would contain at least the following instructions. first, you do not bow to kings. [applause]

>> outside our borders, the president of united states bows to no man. when an foreign lands, you do not criticize your own country. [applause] you do not argue the case against the united states, but rather the case for it. [applause] not apologize to the enemies of the united states of america. [applause] and should you be confused, let me help. regionry, people, or that harbors, shelters, supports, encourages, or cheers attacks upon our country are enemies of the united states of america, and you do not apologize to them. [applause] closely related to this, and

perhaps the least ambiguous, of the president's responsibilities as commander-in-chief, in this regard, there is a simple role, unknown to some presidents , and itss of party, if is the biggest if any president follow notor it will just him, but hundreds of thousands or millions of others, not just for the rest of their t and life itself. if, and it is and if that requires long and deep thought, hard labor and determining the truth of things, a lifetime of education, the knowledge of a general, the wisdom of a statesman, and the heart of an after carefulf

deliberation, intense stress of soul and the deepest prayer, if , then bygo to war having gone to war, you go to war to win. [applause] you do not cast away american , a gambit,a theory politicson, and if the of your own election or own party in true to upon your decision for even an instant, .here are no words for this more commonplace, but hardly less important, are other expectations of the president in this regard. theust not stand on equipment and provisioning of our armed forces.

if he makes an error, it must be on the side of surplus. he must be the guardian of his troops, taking every step to avoid the loss of even a single american life. the american soldier is as precious as the closes of your kin, because he is your kin. the president must say to the congress and the people, i am the commander in chief. it is my sacred duty to defend the united states of america and give our soldiers what they need to complete their mission and come home safe. [applause] >> in fulfilling this duty, if the president waivers, he was he will have betrayed his office, but this is not policy, it is probity, and it is not an expedient artifact of the imagination, it is written on

the bloodsoaked ground of sarasota, yorktown, iraq, afghanistan, and a thousand other places in our history in lessons repeated over and over again. you are watching a special program on the careers of the vice presidential candidates as seen through the c-span video archive. of kaine served as chairman the democratic national committee from 2009-2011. germant segment shows kaine reflecting on the 2010 midterm elections in which democrats lost their majority in the house. >> this is the first meeting we have had since the midterms, and i want to start there, because i think we have acknowledge it was a very tough night. it did not go the way we wanted. the way elections usually push both houses the other way, that goodness,ppen, thank

and we won some close statewide races that came our way, but we lost seats, and it was more than seats. congressmanout what cleaver said the other day in the executive committee if you were there, we are not about numbers. we are about people. numbers, butabout i think about people, really good public servants that i know and that i imagine you think about a lot of great public servants who you knew who have not returned to legislative bodies. them didhem, most of not return not because they were not doing the right thing. they did the right thing, and when people do the right thing and a political climate where it is tough to do the right thing, make tough decisions, make unpopular choices they goes they need to move the nation forward, obviously we want to see those people rewarded. we don't want to see people who do the right thing not get the mystery and

complexity of life, and we see this in politics and elsewhere that it sometimes you do the right thing, there can be a backlash. the empire strikes back, as they say, and we lost a number of good people who did the right thing. i can't help but thinking that even people who are back, like a speaker who did a magnificent job in two years, speaker nancy pelosi -- [applause] um, who was still there, still fighting for us as our democratic leader in the house, but not in the same position, so there are lessons learned. there were some challenges in the midterms, and also some bright spots. the challenges were independent voters who supported the president in 2008, did not support democratic candidates nationally. there were changes, but independent voters moved pretty significantly and two years. that is something we have to work on. haveoung voters who don't

a great history of midterm turnout, but who had an amazing surge in 2008. we saw young voters do better in 2010, but we hoped it would be better still, and we did not get to where we wanted to with young voters. and with women voters, the democratic party has had a's dictator tradition of winning spectaculary tradition. at thehaving discussions dnc with the president and our congressional leadership for the next two years. there were a couple of bright spots, and you have to mention them because there are some thanks involved. turnout of some of the democratic core constituencies was actually really, really good. african-american voters nationally turned out very well because they understood what was at stake in terms of partners

who would work with or partners who would fight the president. just a piece of data i found kind of remarkable -- and i'm just going to use this as an example, but there are others -- wisconsin voting. we had a horrible election night in wisconsin. race,t to the governor's we lost to the spectacular senator, senator feingold, members of congress. in 2010, it was a tough, tough night. -- 2006 was a great night. the most democratic jurisdiction wisconsin, the city of milwaukee, the turnout in the city of milwaukee was 15% higher than it was in 2006. democrats voted very well in that city and cities all across the country. we have to acknowledge that. strong andvote was was a critical margin in key races in nevada and colorado and and api voting in

washington, oregon very strong. every latebreaking race, any race that was not decided i know you've -- followed this. i sure did. i was looking for a for the wounds on election night areas the washington governor's race, the oregon governor's race, the minnesota governor's race -- all of the late breaker switched our way, which told me in the close races, it is the politics that matter and the risk good field activity because of state parties, organizing for america volunteers, and a strong upturn. but you can't sugarcoat it. it was a tough night. after that night, i remembered a wonderful line will always remember after anything tough because it tells you, ok, it's tough. progress is not a complete straight line. william faulkner. "they may have killed us, but

they ain't whooped us." proof, billneeded daley told us, all of the pendants -- nothing was going to get done, the democrats back on their heels. and we end up with a president and a congress at the end of the lame-duck session that got more good work done -- the 9/11 responders bill -- what a spectacular, spectacular thing the other guys tried to block, but we made it happen. start treaty, the compromise that would extend unemployment benefits and adjust payroll taxes for folks. there was a pill in there that a lot of folks did not want to taxlow with response to the cuts on the wealthiest. but we were going to talk about that in the heart of a presidential election when everyone is paying attention and we have an opportunity to have it affect the relationship one way or another.

and you played a big role. at and one i did not mention, the repeal of don't ask don't tell. that 1 -- that when -- [applause] through so may twist and turns. i know folks were frustrated. it was up, it was down. it was part of the defense authorization. the republicans locked it. even in the middle of december it looked tough. that you always been in wonderful ways. and youut the talk helped us with petitions. basically within 72 hours. and we have to say great activism by so many wonderful activist and the american public saying we want you to do this. and the american military saying we want you to do this. you wait in in ways that made don't act -- ask don't tell

happen. we have seen the president continues cents. the grievingn to nation after the horrific shooting in tucson. things can look dark one day and how quickly they can turn. to go through a lot of cycles and a lot of ups and downs. the challenges of november have not defeated us. we are battling with a great president to do good work. i will tell you. if there is one thing the election has done, it has enabled us to paint in pretty stark contrast to the choice between the country. you heard secretary's police do it. i will not be able to top her. the president said, we are going to win. we are optimists. the other guys will be the gym

and glamorous. they have been the gym and glamorous. we are going to win. -- the other guys will be the doom and gloomers. we arepresident said, going to focus on the economy. we are going to make it stronger by building, buy out innovating, by out educating the rest of the world. on the economy, on the economy -- i get into these discussions in richmond, where i live. i'm sure you do, too well. i have a lot of friends that are democrats and republicans and independents. they will say, what has the president done for the economy? three things. at the end of the bush administration, gdp was .hrinking by 6% in year that is what this president inherited. that is unparalleled since the great depression in american history that we would shrink by

that degree. now the gross domestic product is growing again. it has for the last year. upward.ts are revising we have gone from a shrinking economy. to a growing economy. in jobs. in jobs -- and we are not where we want to be yet -- in any area -- we are not where we want to be yet. but the president came in at a time when jobs had fallen off a cliff. 750,000 jobs, more than that in january 2009 when he was inaugurated. -- we have grown the private sector of the economy. under thesing jobs other guys. we are gaining jobs. argument.3 for your with anybody around the kitchen table or in the family he want doneow what democrats have for the economy -- if you put a

dollar in the stock market the day that george bush was inaugurated in 20 oh one, what was it worth when he left office? $.78. by 22%.ars, declined if you put a dollar in the stock market and the tao the year -- and the dow jones the year that ,resident obama was inaugurated it is up. on the other side, what we have -- we are climbing out of the .itch they made we are battling for green energy and inclusion. said if they got power, they would focus on jobs. that is what they said they would focus on. let me tell you what they have than focusing on. if you look at republican governors all over this country, what you see is massive education cuts.

i am traveling. i was in texas, illinois the week before. , go to all of these democratic republican states. states where republicans were at the helm, massive cuts to education. how are we going to out innovate and continue to grow if we are cutting the talent expansion that is public education? you can do it. you can't do it. that is certainly not a pro-jobs strategy. yet that is one that they are pursuing. other strategies they are pursuing in the house, basically and effort to take away the rights of women. you saw last week, the house voted to completely defund planned parenthood. .ervical cancer screenings education, health care, protecting women's choices, contraception. what does that have to do with jobs? itng after women, what does have to do with jobs? you are seeing secretary's police redefining -- secretary

redefining what forcible rape means, another bill republicans pushed before they realized, hey, this is stupid. but they all have their names on the bill and we will not let any of those sponsors forget what they were trying to do to american women. right? [applause] you heard the secretary talk about wisconsin and the other states. i was in madison a couple weeks back. let me put it first in if it were a company. if it was a company what ceo do we admire who comes into a ceo wages aas the public war on their own workforce right out of the gate? there are ceo's that do that, but there are no ceo's we admire that do that because ceo's we

admire no, as the secretary said, is about partnership. you work together to find progress. you do not wage war on your own employees. trying to make public employees the bogeyman and go after them whohese are the people teach our kids. these are the people who care for a parents and grandparents. are going ton we go after them and make them evil and make them the bogeyman even when they are willing to engage in the shared sacrifice that engage in ayees most every day shows what that site is about and think that contrast. the first thing the republicans did when they came -- it was not about jobs. they wanted to repeal health care. away from 7to take million small businesses the tax

credit small businesses are getting to help them afford health care. they were going to make it more expensive to be a small business. i heard somebody say this. ons anybody else find it that the way they really go after this, they call it obamacare? obamacare? care is a bad word? care is a negative? it is wrong to care? we are against care. againstoing to fight care. i'm glad obamacare is. i'm glad obamacare's. i'm glad democrats care. i'm glad democrats care. i'm glad democrats care. because look -- look. -- if it's not democrats caring about somebody getting kicked around because they have a pre-existing illness, who is

going to care? if it's not democrats, who is going to care? if it's not democrats caring about the cost of college, who is going to care? we do care. that's one of the great things about being a democrat. we should be proud of that proud of our president. partymarch of 2011, tea activists rallied in washington, demanding a government shutdown. then congressman mike pence spoke at that rally, voicing support for a the activists. this is part of a special presentation on the careers of the vice presidential candidates. you can watch the entire event on www.c-span.org. >> in mike pence. i am from indiana. welcome back to your nations.

with a debt this year of $1.56 trillion and the national debt of $14 trillion and a defiant liberal majority in the senate, it's time to figure fight -- it's time to pick a fight. mike!have got your back, representative pence: the american people sent a deafening message. they said it's time to and the borrowing in the bailouts and time to and the congress of nancy pelosi once and for all and you did it. and you did it. and house republicans of god's the majorityarded again. we have cut our budgets. repealed obamacare.

.e voted to cut spending we defunded obamacare and we for planned funding parenthood. that is what we did. rune republicans have headlong into harry reid. harry reid took to the floor of the senate and set a modest down payment on fiscal discipline was reckless, irresponsible, mean-spirited. federal funding for the cowboy poetry institute in nevada. the truth is, they just don't get it. they don't get the party is over for liberals in washington, d c -- washington, d.c.

the american people are demanding we change the direction of our government. but i learned that things do not change here unless they have to. we have to say to harry reid and liberals in the senate, this far and no farther. we have to borrow a line from another hairy and this -- from rry and say the debt stops here. and if liberals and the senate would rather play political games and shut down the government, i say shut it down. [cheers and applause] representative pence: nobody wants the government shutdown,

but if we do not change it, we run the future for our children and grandchildren. not that these cuts are anything to write about. these are just down payments, earnest money on restoring fiscal discipline, but it's a start and it is a first step and it will be a win for taxpayers that could set the stage for increases, battling for a budget and a long-term budget for fiscal discipline and setting our nation back on the pathway to constitutional limited government sometimes government. sometimes even small steps bullied taken can change history. just like it did on christmas night 1776. winter storm have

settled in the delaware river valley. public support for the war was waning and the troops were weary and demoralized and a general conceived of a bold and daring plan. he would pick a fight in the dead of night. take it directly to the enemy. so they boarded the boat's and crossed the great river and they won the day. on the night, 2400 americans thought dean hessians. the battle only lasted a couple of hours. battlerast, antietam, a more than a day, the battle of the bulge, a million men, more than a month. while the victory into and was not a great battle, it was a battle of great consequence.

history records it was a defining moment in our still young nation. it showed that victory was in our reach and americans were still ready to fight. it set the stage for larger vehicles -- victories to come. we will not compare military --tests with political delay debates, but the principle is the same. picking a fight and winning this small step for fiscal discipline in washington, the american people will see the victory over deficits and debt is within our reach, that we can fight and win and restore limited government at the national government.

and so, we must fight. republicans must show we are worthy of this moment. equal to the crisis. and squarely defended those in the status quo. if you read want to fight, let's give it to him. -- if harry reid what's to fight, let's give it to them. democrats in the senate may feel that they have the advantage, but let me assure you. it only seems that way. plusinority in the senate the american people equals a majority. and -- know this. know this, men and women. whenever you take a stand for generations,future for traditional values, you do

not fight alone. he have steered the waters, he willleared the ice flows make the way for america because he is not done with america yet. let's go pick a fight. >> tim kaine won his race for u.s. senate in 2012, defeating former virginia senator and governor george allen. from the c-span archive, a portion of that debate. >> surmise me of a similar event several years ago. we talked about transportation and right outside this building, there was not a hot links on the beltway being built. education.bout

we put in place our largest bond package in the history of the commonwealth. and we expanded prekindergarten. and we talked mostly in the chamber about economic .evelopment first dayolades in my as governor. i am proud of those achievements. i am especially proud that we did them in the midst of the thet recession since 1930's. we have to fix congress to end gridlock, gridlock that is blocking progress to important

goals. we need to fix the economy. to do it, we level the playing field for small business, we invest in infrastructure and we wind the talent race that will allow us to out educate and out innovate and come up with the industry's of tomorrow. we've got to fix the budget. to do so we need a balanced approach in the short and long-term and i hope we will talk about that short-term sequester challenge. the most important thing we have to do is "results over rhetoric." put partisanship over -- substance over soundbites. if i have the honor to serve as senator, i will govern as i did in the past. thank you. >> thank you, governor. governor alan. : it is good to be with some many neighbors and friends in the fairfax chamber. i remember all of the

accomplishments we had, whether it was locating jobs in fairfax or reforming and investing in our schools and colleges and working with leaders in both parties to secure funding for key projects. i also want to thank my friend tim kaine. we both love virginia and worked really hard to make it better and at a time when so many people in our country feel our country is on the wrong track and politics are so petty, i hope we can have a positive conversation that will inspire that will ideals build a better future. we have talked to thousands of virginians. they want to restore the promise of the american dream. they want to make sure that their children have access to the american dream.

the want to reinvigorate osborne or real spirit of our country so job creators have the confidence and the certainty -- they want as to work together for real solutions. use people want to as upon to demand higher taxes for a budget deal. these are tough times, but out of this adversity, we can create a more confident, caring, and prosperous america. that is the agenda i look forward to today. >> governors, thank you to both of you. i want to begin by talking about the role of government in virginia and the country. this is a high growth -- high

profile race for virginia and the country. governor romney, some remarks that were taped earlier this year, talked about how there is 40% -- 47% of the country that does not pay federal income tax. he says that they believe they are victims, who believe they are entitled to health care free. there are over a million virginians to fall into the category of not paying federal income tax. what would you do about that? should that change? and what you think more generally about whether too many americans, too many by extension, are too dependent on government for basic needs in their life. -- in their life?

>> i heard the statements. you can say something of the cup he but a deeply disagree with the sentiments expressed by governor romney. i do not believe virginians are victims. it is condescending and divisive. the last thing we need to do at people.ent is to divide we ought to be pulling people together. i think as we talk about these long-term issues, we have to have shared sacrifice. everybody has to be in the game if we are going to fix our issues. we haven't excellent opportunity to start now. we have an issue on the table -- how do we deal with these year-end budget cuts? rather than divide virginians and americans, let's come together. i have a symbol idea of we can come together. we let the bush tax cuts expire

as planned for people making boards than $500,000. we will medicare to get better prices on the script and drugs. bigill let subsidies to the five will companies expire. if we do that, we will have $235 billion in savings over 10 years. we can do that -- david: do you believe everyone in virginia should pay something in federal income tax? governor kane: everyone pays taxes -- income taxes? many of the 47% pay a higher percentage of income tax than he does. this isovernor allen, the standardbearer of the republican party. believeses that 47%

they are victims. do you share that fiction -- do you share that vision for america? what would you do about the 47%? allen: the best indicator of what people will do the future is what they did in the past. i believe the best social program is a job. i worked with the democratic majority in the legislature. we made virginia more business friendly and over 300,000 net new jobs were created in the private sector. one of the other great successes we had was welfare reform. we wanted to lift people out of poverty towards independence and a job. i remember when in no vote was hiring folks. we had a competition between domino's pizza and pizza hut, who could hire the most folks.

a woman said something to the effect of -- what kind of job is this? making pizzas? the owner of the franchise said, how do you think i started? i started delivering pizza. then the mother stood up and said, i think is good for my daughter to see her mother working. that is the do of work. it's a wonderful moment. that is what we should be aspiring to. make sure everybody does have that ability to compete and succeed. i want to see people keep more of what they earn. we need policies that do not increase taxes, but decreased them. a different point of view. david: right, we are going to get to that in moment. i want to get back, respectfully, to my question. it was very specific. the standardbearer of the public americanssaid 47% of

see themselves as victims. i asked you pointedly, do you share that vision of america and what would you do to deal with that 47%? as i stated in the beginning to, the best social program is a job. david: do you think half the country sees themselves as victims -- : no -- alle david: do you disagree with governor romney on this point? i've ar allen: different point of view. believe in the american dream. our job is to make sure everyone has the opportunity to pursue their dreams. who has created more opportunities? those folks were down and out. we want to help folks who are

able minded, able-bodied. that is one of the great attributes for all americans. government that reflects their values, that gives them an opportunity to be that role model -- david: we will take a moment for rebuttal. i don't think: the question of whether you agree with governor romney's statements is hard. they were very divisive. we are a state that has seen too much divisive politics. one of the things i am proud about about this commonwealth is i see a tremendous effort to turn our back on the divisive politics of the past. wife's her dad as her poking governor integrated public schools -- my wife, her dad as a

republican governor integrated public schools because he said it was right to have an aristocracy of merit. that was his inauguration speech. it may have been off the cuff or but the sentiment is one that virginians do not agree with. we can come together. that we cannot be divisive. let's come together on the most important issue of the day. let's was all the fiscal challenges -- let's resolve the fiscal challenges. looking at we are key moments in the careers of the vice presidential candidates. mike pence and tim kaine debate each other october 4. this next segment features a portion of senator tim kaine's first floor speech.

economics on the impact of across-the-board spending cuts known as the sequester, enacted as part of a 2011 budget deal. kaine: thank you, madam president. it is an honor to speak here as part of my first speech on the senate floor. i am honored to be a part of this body. a normal first speech for a senator is usually a proactive, forward-looking speech. we're not in normal times. usually first speech happens much later after the senator has been around for a number of months. we are not in normal times. for aal first speech senator is often in connection with the introduction of a piece of legislation. we are not in normal times. and so, i'm speaking earlier than i would have thought likely when i took the oath of office on january, but we are not in

normal times. of times has a huge effect on the commonwealth i am proud to represent. in summer 2011, congress passed a bill we are now talking about, a bill dealing with the sequestration cuts of the federal government. there is no precedent that i'm aware of and good rational history for what is about to happen in 48 hours. set ofs designed a nonstrategic, ugly cuts designed to hurt the economy and individuals, and all -- however they voted on that bill, did not want those cuts to come into place. for those who voted on the package, they did not want the sequester cuts to occur and find throughould

compromise and alternative and those who voted against the package largely voted against it because they did not want these cuts to occur. so the abnormality of the times is this. never in my knowledge in the history of this body has congress designed a punishment that would hurt the lives of regular individuals that would was --e economy it ordered the economy. it was to not -- it was designed with that knowledge fully. the effect that the sequester will have on the country and the effect it will have on my commonwealth are so significant and severe that i do feel compelled to speak earlier than i might otherwise have. and i feel the effects of the cuts on this institution and the credibility of the institution are equally severe. what i want to do is basically

two things. i want to talk about the effect on regular people. i'm good you share some stories. i want to talk about short-term impact on these cuts on the broader economy. i want to talk about long-term impacts, impacts we are not necessarily thinking about now, but should cause significant concern. there is a way to avoid this and i want to talk about how we can avoid allowing the ,elf-inflicted wound to occur and finally, i want to talk about the fact there is an upside in this moment. this is not just about avoiding negatives, avoiding harming people, hurting the economy. i think there is enough upside for this institution and this nation if we do it right. let me begin with mitral tour around virginia. i'm a brand-new member of the

armed services committee. i sit in a wonderful seat and jimg jim warner webb and i'm no replacement for either of those individuals, but i've got eight shoes to fill. so, i decided to take a tour around my state last week and visit such points in the commonwealth where we interact with our national security. the map of virginia is a map of our national security. appomattox where the civil war ended. the pentagon. we are the most connected state in the military. one in eight virginians is a veteran. duty, dod00 active contractors. by the time you add those up, we're probably talking about one in three virginians. so i went to the place where

virginians work every day. on any basis. as young officer candidates training in rotc programs. around the state. let me tell you what i heard. a few miles from here. i've preeminent institution that treats wounded warriors -- a wounded warrior, still in active service, being treated there. wife sitting right next to them. we talked. and she ventured, let's talk about the furloughs of these dod civilian employees. my husband's nurses are all dod civilians. while sequester protects active duty, it does not help civilians.

in the same round table, another wounded warrior said to me, boy, the economy is really going to suffer if we have the sequester. we will lose jobs. he was a wounded warrior as a reservist, waiting to go back into the civilian workforce. mean?as i going to a there a hiring freeze, furlough? this wounded warrior worrying future.s economic we americans, we virginians, we manufacture the largest items on the planet earth. example ofwonderful american ingenuity. , the workers of that

shipyard are asking about the stability of their work and weathered the ships will truly be ready to do the work they need to do. shipyards, thee owner said, i have 450 employees . dealay the navy plans to with sequestration is dramatically reduce maintenance. i am going to issue one notice to tell through to 50 employees they will not have a job. i don't have the business to keep them if the sequestration cuts go through. richmond,spital in the ba is protected under the sequester. but they compete with the say thatector and they this is getting tougher and tougher to do and they do brainch about dramatic

injury and that is not protected from sequester -- traumatic brain injury and that is not protected by sequester. that is in jeopardy if the sequester comes to. it's not just military. cuts in head start. the number of at risk children is growing and growing and the number of children total in their classrooms is growing and growing. and then on monday, a number of us were at dulles airport to talk about the sequester on the whorience for americans travel every day with longer lines and higher prices. this is what virginians were telling me as i went to talk to them, the likely consequences they were going to see in their lives. and again and again, what they said to me was go find a

solution. i went to a bluegrass concert on saturday afternoon. i was wearing blue jeans and a corduroy jacket. i was taken an hour off to listen to a set of music. veteran wearing a cap from his navy service and halfway through the set he leaned over to me and he said, i know you are here for music. he said, all i'm going to say is this -- there is nothing you are going to do or not do that will affect my quality of life. i'm fine. but you've got to find a way to get people to work together and find some deal. so, that is what my citizens were saying on my trip. deal.ry stop, sign a not a single person said protect program,rotect my

protect my priority by making the cuts in other areas worse. not one person said that. they were asking for a balanced where there would be a balance of cuts, but also revenues and we would try to tackle this in a targeted way. >> our special look back at the vice presidential candidates continues with mike pence delivering the indiana state of the state address. he became indiana governor in 2013 after 10 years in the u.s. house of representatives where it you can watch this event in its entirety on our website, www.c-span.org. governor pence: moments like this should be about the future, but is also important we see how far we have come read last year i told you at this podium we would make job creation job one, we would live within our means,

we would improve our schools and cut taxes and thanks to the hard-working people of the state and all of you in this room, we did just what we said we would do, we balanced their budgets, we created jobs. we cut red tape. we improved our schools and roads and we pay down state that. planei even put the state up for sale. do knowing looking for a good deal on a beechcraft king air? give me a call. and we came together to give hoosiers the largest state tax in indianaax cut state history. that's something of which we can all be proud.

the result? indiana has become a national leader in job growth. last year, hoosiers created more than 47,500 new private sector we maintained our triple-a credit rating, one of the few states in the union to do that. and in november, one out of eight jobs created in the united states of america was created by businesses right here in indiana. that is an extraordinary accomplishment for our people. unemployment was 8.6% when i stood here last year. while it is still too high today, indiana unemployment is now at a five low. since 2009, indiana has the

fifth fastest private sector job growth in the united states of america. indiana is on the move because of the people of indiana. say most encouraging to this dad -- indiana's fourth and eighth graders recently showed the second best improvement in america in math and reading scores in fourth and fourth grade reading proficiency is at an all-time high. that is an accomplishment. we can all be proud. made progress in jobs and schools. but still too many hoosiers are out of work. our state is lacking behind -- lagging behind in per capita income and health and to make kids and under poor -- underperforming schools. we must remain relentless, bold, and ambitious.

that is why last month i traveled throughout the state, from fort wayne to our old state capitol, and i outlined my agenda for 2014. in the time we have remaining i want to share a few highlights. first, we all recognize that low taxes are essential to attracting the kind of investment that will create good paying jobs. and even with our recent progress, i believe one significant impediment to investment remains. it's called the business personal property tax. this is especially damaging because it's harder for hoosier businesses to grow because it directly taxes investments they make in equating -- and equipment. -- it stay emphatically does not make sense. it looks like our neighboring states figured it out.

ohio and illinois do not have a business personal property tax. just voted togan phase there's out. i want to urge members of both chambers, let's work together to find a responsible way to phase out the business personal property tax. but one word of caution. as we work through this process, let's do it in a way that protects our local governments and does not shift the burden of on the backs tax of hard-working hoosiers. i appreciate that both the house and senate leadership are looking at the business personal property tax and other ways to ensure that indiana has the best tax climate possible. but phasing out the business personal property tax, i

believe, will spur new investment by businesses large and small. businesses like a manufacturing startup launched by a marine veteran whose products help support our troops or larger businesses like one started in manufacture technical training systems and software for college and industry. 143y, they employee hoosiers and in 2010 was named indiana outstanding business of the year. these are just two of the kinds of success stories we can see more of with the right kind of tax reform. why don't you join me in welcoming those two great business stories? .hey are with us tonight thanks for making indiana the state that works. [applause]

governor pence: we have to do more than improve our tax code to get this economy moving again. --ause roads me need jobs because roads need jobs we need highway expansion and put hoosiers back to work keeping us as the crossroads of america. and because indiana is agriculture, we need a permanent fix to the soil productivity factor. we need to encourage public and private investment to improve the quality of life in our cities. that is the indiana way to a growing future. and that way also means standing up to washington, d.c. from time

to time. most hoosiers did not like washington intruding on their health care long before it became a reality. now more people know why we were right to stand up to the government on the affordable care act. the sad truth is traditional medicaid is not just broke. it's broken. research shows the program actually is not lead to better health outcomes and in some cases, believe it or not, it actually hurts the very people it is supposed to help. one analysis found two thirds of children on medicaid and need to see a specialist actually couldn't in that program. traditional medicaid is not a system we need to expand. it is a system we need to change. and i believe the healthy

indiana plan is a great place to start. the healthy indiana plan is a consumer driven health care plan that moves people from emergency rooms to primary care and to take careosiers of their own health care decisions. we will continue to work in good faith with federal officials to expand access to the healthy indiana plan in our state. but i will oppose -- i will oppose any expansion of our insurance system that condemns vulnerable hoosiers to substandard health care systems in our state. of course, the most important achieving indiana successes although her kids or

our schools. if we can't succeed in the classroom, we will not succeed in the marketplace. the good news is indiana schools are succeeding. this year, more than 500 public letter improved a full grade or more. indiana has the fastest-growing school choice program in the country. and with strong bipartisan support, we are busy all over the state working to make career and vocational education a priority in every high school in indiana again. inhave made great progress our schools and working together we have accomplished a lot. on career education we are expanding curriculum and expanding partnership for regional career education.

now while anyone who wants to go to college regardless of where they started life ought to be encouraged to go, we know there are a lot of jobs in indiana that do not require a college degree. these partnerships through our regional works councils will make sure that our schools work for all of our kids, regardless of where they start in life or where they want to start in life. i am proposing legislation that will conduct an investigation and where our career education job -- dollars are spent. and i propose we repurpose dollars to help adult workers get the high wage jobs that are available in indiana today. hoosiers have high expectations when it comes to our schools.

that is why indiana decided to -- let me beut clear, indiana's standards will be uncommonly high and they will be written by hoosiers for hoosiers and be among the best in the nation. that progress i just described earlier is a testament to our parents, our teachers, our administrators and it is a testament to the indiana state board of education. join me in thanking every member of the indiana state board of uscation you are with

tonight. we appreciate your service for the people of indiana. [applause] i have always said there is nothing about education in indiana that cannot be fixed by giving parents more choices and teachers more freedom to teach. can start in the area of early childhood development. because every child deserves to to learn.ol ready i believe the time has come for a voluntary pre-k program to help indiana's disadvantaged kids.

now i will always believe the best pre-k program is a prosperous family that can provide the kind of enrichment in the home that the child needs and deserves. that is just not the case for too many children. it is important that this program be voluntary. it is important that this program be available in the form of a voucher as well. i want parents to be able to send their child to a program they think will best meet their needs. but i urge you, let's come together. let's work across party lines, on behalf of our children and their future, let's open the doors of opportunity for quality pre-k education in indiana this year.

another way to give parents more choices is to expand the availability of public charter schools. give several advantages. we need to level the playing field and give the same flexibility and at the same time we should make sure that unused -- nderutilized choice matters. but at the end of the day, every hoosier nose. a good teacher makes all of the difference. you know, we can all think of a teacher who changed our lives, someone who is on our mind right now, someone who sought more

interest than we saw in ourselves. i think of sister rachel, i think of mrs. fisher and others who touched my life. but too often we do not invest enough in our teachers and allow them to lead as reformers. after all, they dedicated their lives to education. i believe we need a teacher innovation fund to help teachers trying to find new ways to teach our kids, innovative features like steve parkins -- steve perkins, whose enthusiasm has ignited a thirst for classical education in that school and got him named the 2014 teacher of the year. mr. perkins and his family are here with us tonight.

and with all the talk about parental choice, i believe teachers deserve more choices, too. should have some of their compensation protected if they are willing to make that move. let us let our teachers follow their hearts and go where they think they can make the most difference. now, on the subject of marriage -- i know we are in the midst of a debate over whether indiana should join 30 other states that have redefined marriage. each of us have our own perspective on this matter. from my part, i believe in traditional marriage and i have long held the view that the people rather than unelected judges should decide matters of such great consequence in our society. reasonable people can differ and there are good people on both sides of this debate.

let me say from my heart -- no one, no one on either side of this debate deserves to be disparaged or maligned because of who they are or what they believe. [applause] let us have a debate worthy of our people come up with civility and respect. let us protect the rights of hoosier employee. -- employers. let us resolve this issue, this year once and for all. [applause] after that is over, let us come together to support every hoosier family. one way we can do that is by helping working families with their family budgets. taxyou know that our reductions for dependence in indiana have not increased since

1978 even though the cost of living has increased 3.8 times. it is time to and the hidden tax on working families in indiana. [applause] also remember that families come together in many different ways. like the family of terence sauer -- karen sauer. karen is a single mother who a pair and to become by adoption. she adopted her two kids when they were 11 and 12 years old after they had spent many years and foster care. karen says people are always telling her that she is changing those kids' lives and she is always quick to say that they are joining mine. would you join me in welcoming karen and the kids to the indiana house.

you are an inspiration to us all. [applause] adoption is a beautiful way for families to come together forever and we can better support families like karen's i expanding and improving adoption in indiana. we can improve the way that we place children in foster care and we can support every parent willing to adopt a child into their loving home. maken do nothing less than indiana the most pro-adoption state in the united states of america. pence'snow from mike time as governor of indiana. the indiana star ran a full-page headline -- six this now. in reference to a state law

making it easier for businesses and individuals to discriminate against people because of their gender. responding to widespread criticism, governor pence called on the state legislature to add language protecting lgbt writes. here he is addressing the issue before reporters. for pence: thank you all coming. it has been a tough week in the future stage. -- and the hoosier state. but we are going to move forward. as governor i have the great privilege of serving the greatest people on earth, the people of indiana. let me say first and foremost, i was proud to sign the religious freedom restoration act last week. i believe religious liberty as president clinton said when he signed the federal law in 1993, i believe religious liberty is our first freedom. and it is vital. it is vital to millions of americans who cherish faith as i

and my family do. to theis also vital framework of freedom in our nation. designed totion was ensure the vitality of religious liberty in the hoosier state. -- have thezens are right to the same protections. clearly,, clearly there has been misunderstanding and confusion and mischaracterization of this law. to i come before you today say how we are going to address that. we have been working over the last several days, literally around the clock. and talking to people across the state of indiana, talking to business leaders and organizations around the country who have spent time in indiana

and enjoyed the hospitality of the people of indiana and we have been listening. but let me say first and foremost, as i have said to each one of them, the religious freedom restoration act was about religious liberty. not about discrimination. as i said last week, have this law been about legalizing discrimination, i would have vetoed it. this law does not give anyone a license to discriminate. the religious freedom restoration act in indiana does not give anyone the right to deny services. to anyone in the state. simply a balancing test used by federal courts and jurisdictions across the country for more than two decades. of thesay on the subject bill itself -- i do not believe for a minute that it was the intention of the general assembly to create a license to

discriminate, or a right to deny ys lesbians or anyone else in the state. and it was not my intent. i can appreciate that that has become the perception, here in indiana and across the country. andwe need to confront that confront it boldly and in a way that respects the interests of all involved. personal reflection for a moment i of poor- discrimination. r discrimination. i was raised like most hoosiers with the golden rule -- that you should do unto others what you would have them do to you. and i believe in my heart of hearts that no one should be harassed or mistreated the cousin of who they are, who they believe. and i believe every hoosier shares that conviction.

but as i said, we have got a perception problem the cut people have a different view. and we intend to correct that. reflection, and in consultation with leadership of the general assembly, i have come to the conclusion that it would be helpful to move legislation this week that makes it clear that this law does not give businesses the right to deny services to anyone. let me say that again. be helpful, and i would like to see on my desk over the end of this week, is added to the religious freedom restoration act in indiana that makes it weird that this law does not give businesses the right to deny services to anyone. we want to make a clear that

indiana is open for business. we want to make it clear that hoosier hospitality is not a slogan, it is our way of life. it is the reason why people come here from around the world and they come back again and again and again. because hoosiers are that kindness, most generous, most decent people in the world. let me say i believe this is a clarification but it is also a fix. that a fix of a bill through mischaracterization and confusion has come to be greatly misunderstood. and i am determined to address move this week and to forward as a state. and i know that we will. come under the harsh glare of criticism from around the country. to beme of us get paid

under that harsh glare and criticism so we do not complain about that. but, the things that have been said about our state have been at times deeply offensive to me. and i will continue to use every effort to defend the good and decent people of indiana. i think it is important that we take this action this week. i have spoken to legislative leaders all the way through the last hour and we are going to make that happen. the final portion of our special program on the careers of the rice presidential candidates features remarks on the senate floor by tim kaine. took place shortly after president obama began escalating military operations against isis in the middle east. senator kaine expresses support for the president but also calls

on congress to pass a new authorization of military force that deals specifically with the fight against isis. president, we. are a nation of laws but also values. i urge the president to inform us of what he plans to do but to follow the constitution and seek congressional approval to diffie isis. i do not believe that the tosident has the authority go on offense and wage and open-ended war on isis without congressional approval. the moment'sking to authorize military action, we owe it to our troops who risk their lives to do our collective job and reach a consensus supporting the military mission that they were ordered to complete. with the legalal issues. the constitution is clear. it is the job of congress, not president to declare war. constitution the are vague and open to

interpretation, what is due process, what is cruel and unusual punishment. some parts of the constitution are clear and the civic, you have to be 35 years old to be president. the power to declare war is a clear and specific power. it is an enumerated power of congress in article one. the clear wording of constitution is further illuminated by james madison. in a letter to thomas jefferson after the constitution was ratified, madison laned the war powers clause in article one. he quoted -- our constitution supposes what the history of all governments demonstrate that that the executive is the branch of power most interested in war and most prone to it. it has accordingly with studied care bested in the -- the power of war in the legislature. as commander in chief, a president can always takes reps to defend america from imminent

threats, the framers understood this. even in those instances, they intended to present return to congress to seek ratification of those actions. if we take the constitution seriously as we pledged to do when we take our rose, we must all of the command that the president must come to congress to initiate major military action. during the congressional recess, president obama began a new military action against iso. he has indicated that the action may continue or an extended period of time. he says it is coming from a narrow effort to protect americans. this is precisely the kind of situation that calls for congressional action and oval. some have asserted is to theident that administration need not seek congressional approval for an extended campaign of airstrikes. humbly and rest actually, i deeply disagree with that assertion. the president's article to power

allows him to defend america from imminent threat but it does not allow him the ability to wage an offensive war without congress. for2000 one authorization use of military force crafted by president bush and congress in the days after the 9/11 attacks limits the president's power to actions against the perpetrators of those attacks. i sold was not a 9/11 perpetrator, it did not form until 2003. president bush saw to a broader -- at that time to allow action against terrorist groups forming a threat against the u.s. had congress granted such a power, the war against issa would've been covered by that but congress explicitly directed -- rejected giving the power -- giving the president that power without additional congressional approval. any attempt to justify action against issa by reference to the faceaumf would fly in the of the congress. congress passed a second one in

2002 to allow military action to topple the iraqi regime of saddam hussein. that was completed long ago. american troops left iraq in 2011 and the administration has obsoletethat aumf is and it provides no support for military action against iso. there is no treaty for collective defense that would justify the president commencing military action against iso. the iraqi government has asked solves help which international law sovereignty questions with that request does not create its own domestic legal justification. the 1973 war powers resolution creates a set of timing rules for presidential action and congressional response in matters of war. the resolution has been widely viewed as an congress -- as unconstitutional but even accepting its validity, and the

president surely does not, it does not change the basic constitutional framework vesting the declaration of war in the legislative branch. toelieve that a reluctance engage congress in this mission against iso is less due to any legal analysis supporting broad executive power into a general attitude held by all presidents that coming to congress on a question like this is too cumbersome and a predictable. and that attitude is shared on the hill by some who view questions of military action, especially in a difficult circumstance like this, as what a glee exclusive avoided if at all possible. i urge the president and my colleagues to resist the understandable temptation to cut corners on this process. there is no more important business done in the halls of congress then weighing whether to take military action and send service members into harms way. else,have learned nothing

in the last 13 years, we should have certainly learned that. coming to congress is challenging, but the framers designed it to be and we all pledged to serve the government known for particular checks and balances between the branches of government. the member in the days after to1, president bush brought congress a request for military action. the ruins of the pentagon and the world trade center were still smoking. certainly, the american public would have supported the president's strong and immediate executive action in that certain dance but president bush knew that the nation would be stronger if he came to congress to seek authority. similarly, president bush came to congress prior to initiating military action in iraq. lessons weree learned in the aftermath of that authorization but it is important to remember that it was not unilateral executive action, congress was included and did support the mission.

i believe it would be a grievous newake to evolve towards a strategy of taking prolonged military action without bothering to seek congressional approval and i particularly worry about the president it would create for -- about the precedent it would create for the future. as president obama said last year when announcing he would come to congress to seek military authorization to combat the use of chemical weapons in syria -- this is not about who occupies the office at any given time, it is about who we are as a country. the people's representatives must be invested in what we do a broad. as the president, i focused my remarks on the legal reasons for the president to engage the legislation. let me offer an additional reason in conclusion. reasonn more important

on why the president and the congress should work together to craft a suitable mission for this important effort. when we engage in military action comic even only an air campaign, we ask our troops to risk their lives and their health, physical and mental. of course, we pray for their complete safety and success, but let us be realistic enough to ignore knowledge that some made eye -- let us be realistic ledge that somew may die. him those that make him physically safe, they will see or do things in war that will affect them for the rest of their lives. the long lines of people waiting for v8 appointments today are hoping to have their v8 disability claims adjudicated are proof of this. president, during the time of war, we ask our troops to give their best even to the point of sacrificing their own lives.

when compared against that, how much of a sacrifice is it for a president to engage in a possibly contentious debate with congress about whether military action is a good idea. how much of a sacrifice is it for a member of congress to debate and vote about whether military action is a good idea? theressional members face political costs of debate on military action, our servicemembers bear the human cost of those decisions. if we choose to avoid debate, avoid accountability, avoid a hard decision, how can we demand that our military willingly sacrifices their very lives? >> you have and watching a special look back on c-span programs featuring mike pence and tim kaine. a reminder that we will have live coverage of the vice presidential debate, tuesday, october 4, starting at 30 p.m.

eastern on cease and. up to tuesday's debate between senator tim kaine and governor mike pence, we look at past vice presidential debate tonight at 8:00 p.m. starting with the 1984 debate between vice president joe george h.w. bush and building for our up. >> you can walk around the -- -- ig things are great will become a one-woman truth squad. >> they delivered 21.5% interest rates. they delivered malaise. and interest rates that were off the charts. they delivered take-home pace, checks that were shrinking. with dan88 debate quayle and lloyd bentsen. >> i have far more experience than many others that saw at the

office of vice president of this country. i have as much experience in the congress as jack kennedy did when he saw the presidency. served with jack kennedy, i knew jack kennedy. jack kennedy was a friend of mine. senator, you are no jack kennedy. >> in the 2008 eyes presidential debate between joe biden and alaska governor sarah palin. ourselves,ommit everyday american people, i think we need to band together and say -- never again. >> the middle class need tax relief. they need it now. let us focus on change with barack obama. >> watch tonight on c-span at 8:00. tomorrow, another chance to see the first debate between

presidential candidates, donald trump and hillary clinton. desk it in its entirety. itse will show it in entirety. in his weekly address, the president talks about why he wants congress to pass a law giving families the chance were paid sick leave. responselican discusses health care. president obama: there are a couple different stories you can tell about our economy. one goes like this. eight years after the worst economic crisis of our lifetimes, our economy has created jobs for 71 straight months. that's a new record. unemployment has fallen below five percent. last year, the typical household saw its income grow by about twenty-eight hundred dollars the biggest one-year increase ever. and the

uninsured rate is at an all-time low. all that is true. what's also true is that too much of our wealth is still taken by the top and that leaves too many families still working paycheck to paycheck, without a lot of breathing room. there are two things we can do about this. we can prey on people's worries for political gain. or we can actually do something to help working families feel more secure in today's economy. count me in the latter camp. and here's one thing that will help right away: making sure more of our families have access to paid leave. today, having both parents in the workforce is an economic necessity for many families. but right now, millions of americans don't have access to even a single day of paid sick leave. so if you get sick, that sticks you with a lousy choice. do you go to work and get everyone else sick, too? or do you take care of yourself at the risk of a paycheck? if your kid

gets sick, do you send her to school anyway? or do you stay home to take care of her, lose a day's pay, and maybe even put your own job at risk? we shouldn't have to make choices like that in america. that's why i've repeatedly called on the republican congress to pass a law guaranteeing most workers in america the chance to earn seven days of paid sick leave each year. of course, congress hasn't acted. but we've also worked with states, cities, and businesses to get the job done and many have, pointing to research showing that paid leave actually helps their bottom line. in fact, since i took office, another ten million private sector workers have gained paid sick leave making up a record share of our workforce. unfortunately, there are still about 40 million private sector workers who don't get a single day. that's why i'm doing what i can on my own. effective on nu