coming up later tonight on c-span. first of all, the focus on the vice presidential race, the vice presidential debate coming up tomorrow night at 9:00, our preview coverage at 7:30 eastern. the new york times writing about the preparation for the debate. the headline saying tim kaine and mike pence prepare for vice .residential fight ashley parker writing about how they got prepared exactly a week before tuesday's plus presidential debate. his pence hunker down with small group of aids for his first full day of intensive debate preparation. this team reserved rooms on the second floor of the sheraton hotel in madison, wisconsin. scott walker, the state mild-mannered arrive to play mr. pence's rival. soon after the mr. kane left the campaign trail, himself to huddle with advisers in north carolina for his own debate prep .

a nearby bluegrass festival offered a tempting distraction for the harmonica playing senator but mr. kane stayed out of sight. that debate coming up in farmville, virginia at longwood .niversity our coverage begin 7:30 eastern tomorrow night with the debate about :00 eastern. our team is there getting prepped and prepare. we are taking great photos and videos behind the scenes of the event. we will now show you tonight's vice president for preview on c-span. announcer: the vice presidential debate happens tuesday, october

4 at longwood university in farmville, virginia. c-span's live coverage starts at 7:30 p.m. eastern. the next 2.5 hours, we will take a look of the candidates, virginia senator tim kaine and indiana governor mike pence, beginning with some of the earliest appearances on c-span. first, we would hear from tim kaine on c-span's "washington journal in may of 1997. he was then serving as a member of the richmond city council. joined on theow program by republican rick white on a bill describing taxing the internet. legislation was signed into law in 1998 and included a three-year ban on taxing internet services. >> good morning to you. you are testifying before a congressional hearing on the subject this morning. what is your point of view? the point of view of

me and other local officials is this bill concerns the internet tax freedom act for a couple of reasons. one, the main purpose is to preempt state and local taxation for an indefinite time on in on internet service. we have real concern about that. first, just a philosophical one. the federal government should certainly wrestled with a lot of federal tax issues, but when congress starts to sell states and localities about what local activities it should or should not tax to raise local revenue, we have real concerns about it. we also think there is not a need of preemption. virginia, for example, my constituents are glad to call and complain about taxes, and i get them a lot, but i have never had a complaint about taxes related to internet transactions. i have surveyed other local officials in virginia and they feel the same way. a nationwide preemption of 30,000 local governments, saying

for an indefinite time, there will be a moratorium on tax in this- taxation industry, and finally, carving out this area of commerce, preempting a from taxes, it hurts local revenues but it is also potentially unfair for businesses that do not contract business over the internet. why should we have a government mandated advantage for internet commerce and offer non-internet commerce? the manufacturing facilities, restaurants, etc.'s would not have the benefit of the statue. it was for internet related commerce and that causes us some concern. not want to kill the goose that laid the golden egg and we think there are ways to harmonize the way taxes are carried out by localities. there are ways to do that short of a statue. >> congressman white are there any federal taxes when i go to the internet to buy anything? gov. pence: no, there is nothing specific to the internet. >> you get income from the

internet and you have to pay income taxes. you are a company that sells something and the internet, you still have to pay sales tax under our belt. we are not saying you can tax the transaction human tax locally just because it happened on the internet. what we do not want to see is people taxing the internet just because it is the internet. tim kaine makes a point there are 30,000 tax jurisdictions around the united states and that is the problem. you have to make sure before we get too far down the pike with 30,000 different taxing schemes, we figure out exactly what this new medium is all about. >> along with the moratorium last? >> is indefinite under the bill. we did call for a two-year study. the idea, we appoint a commission and we try to think about what makes sense in terms of taxing the internet, and we will have a report two years from now. then, there is a good reason to let the moratorium, we can do that.

>> what about his point regarding it is unfair to other people, to other local retailers who are not an the internet and have no plans to be on the internet? >> that is 1.i disagree with the most. what we try to do in our bill is to try to make sure if you conduct a transaction on the internet that would one time be subject to tax, you have to pay that tax. all we see is you cannot tax the internet just because it is the internet. understand that state and local governments need tax revenue. there is a lot of obligations, not a lot of money and they are always looking for ways to find revenue. it is just that they are so creative, you have to stay one step ahead of them to make sure things do not get out of control. there is not a good reason to taxi internet because it is the internet. cable licenses for cable tv where there are some ways that the state and local governments provide.

this is nothing like that. state and local governments would like to find a way to derive revenue. i think that would be a mistake. >> to our viewers, if you would like to join us, please do. there are three numbers of the bottom of your screen as we take time to talk about this legislation of of congress. it is going to be the topic of a hearing today. i go online, i go to something like l.l. bean, or people that do not have anything like this, they do not know what we're talking about. you go to l.l. bean which is located somewhere in maine, i am not even sure. >> who knows. that is the good thing about the internet. >> they are ready-made and i am in washington dc. whose taxes do i pay if i ordered a coat? sen. kaine: it is not different from mail catalogs. you were supposed to pay taxes on mail catalog purchases. we do not have a good mechanism. catalog sales or

internet transactions, it really relies on the consumers and everyone in knowledge is this is an area of taxation that is poorly enforced because we do not have the mechanism. they would be the same concern of an internet transaction as there would be foreign l.l. bean catalog purchase. state but live in the the catalog operators are located, they will add a tax on the bill. >> it is a little bit more complicated for the internet because i could be in a third-place, could and i? i could be out west with my computer, ordering something from the northeast when i live someplace else. >> it is not that much more complicated because the internet uses the phone lines. we are not trying to change that. you should still have to pay a sales tax exactly the way you do now, when you get to the l.l. bean website or you call them on the telephone. what we are trying to prevent is somebody in california which is

all of the internet servers for the west coast of the united states taxing transactions that happened to one of my constituents in seattle and someone in maine just because the internet server happens to be located in california. that is what we are trying to avoid. >> how did you get involved in this issue? sen. kaine: a couple of ways. i am on a policy committee at the richmond municipally telekinetic asia and sport and the fcc policy. it interests me. probably like congress and white best congressman white, i am a person with young kids that are teaching me the internet. i think this is a dramatic and expanding part of the economy for the next few years, and putting it off limits for local tax purposes does cause a concern because it is such a new area. workedes should be fair, out well between locales. of course, there are many kinds of businesses that do business

across state lines and it marketable jurisdictions. -- multiple jurisdictions. i agree with the congressman, the internet is not that different than the telephone or catalog sales. we have been able to work out taxation in respects to those sectors of the industry. i do not see there is any reason we cannot here either. our next segment features mike pence, just after his election to congress in november 2000. he won the seat in indiana's second district after running unsuccessfully in 1988 and 1990. the c-span interview took place on capitol hill. >> mike pence, a representative second district. in orientation, what have you learned about setting up a new congressional office? gov. pence: i have learned it is as we expected, a massive undertaking, trying to build on a solid foundation. people have experienced and focused on meeting and addressing the ongoing needs of

the people of the second congressional district. >> tell us about your home district. gov. pence: the second two district of -- the second congressional district is the heartland of america. of industriale centers, but for the most part is a little -- it is a lot of farmland, small communities. i think it will be a delightful place to represent in washington dc as a conservative. >> what issues are you bringing you would like to focus on? gov. pence: i would like to focus on tax relief. once we keep our promises to senior citizens, it is imperative that we seized this time of extraordinary budget surplus to bring about tax relief for working families, small businesses and family farms. i am hearing from the people a real concern about military readiness and it national security, and i'm very much hoping to be a part of the discussion of rebuilding the military. >> tell us about your background which includes broadcasting.

gov. pence: it does come although i trained as an attorney. i have spent the last seven years of my life working in syndicated call in radio, a sort of c-span without the cameras. aenjoy that very much being daily syndicated talkshow host exclusively in indiana and also did a little bit of television work, and hopefully that is prepared me to be a listener. >> from those calls, what did you learn about your listeners? gov. pence: i have learned that people are genuinely concerned with that which most closely touches their lives. the security of their families, the strength of their jobs at the local economy, the education of their children. host, ias a talk show found when we were talking about issues that came close to home, we would strike a responsive chord, so if i come into

congress, i hope to focus on those issues. >> you have three children? gov. pence: they are all under the age of eight and the hardest working campaigners in indiana. >> with such small children, boy you be moving the family here? gov. pence: it is a very difficult decision to make. we are going to make some plans in the short term to homeschool so that my wife, who is a 15 year public school teacher can take on those duties and permit when live in both places congress is in session, i want my wife and children with me here and as soon as we're out of session, we want to be home in indiana. >> a lot of talk with new members about the bipartisanship of the new members coming in, how would you reach across the political aisle? gov. pence: i always used to say , i am a conservative but i'm not in a bad mood about it. i really believe that civility is essential to the survival of the republic. we have to develop once again in

this congress and the national government and national debate, a new civility that brings with it a sense of humility, a sense of humor and the ability to argue the issues vigorously but walk out the door and understand we are all americans, we are all working hard to make america a better place. announcer: on april 5, 2003, the city of richmond and the u.s. historical society unveiled a statue of abraham lincoln. according to the new york times, members of sons of confederate veterans held a protest that same day at the grave of jefferson davis. the statue commemorates president lincoln's visit to richmond, shortly after the city fell to union forces near the end of the civil war. then virginia lieutenant governor tim spoke at the dedication ceremony. [applause] sen. kaine: thank you all very much. the lincoln-douglas debate often took four or five hours under a hot sun. this is about one hour 15

minutes and we are getting to be critical to part -- part and thank you for participating. what a great day to be in virginia. it is a great day to be in virginia. [applause] who kaine: there are some have asked the question, does abraham lincoln belong in richmond, does abraham lincoln belong in virginia? what a great joy it gives me as someone elected to statewide office by the voters of the commonwealth of virginia to answer the question is i, yes, we claim abraham lincoln as one of our own. we claim abraham lincoln as a brother. we claim a virginian. [applause] we claim abraham lincoln as a brother in virginia and the cause family connections. his mother and father's families were both from virginia. we claim him as a brother in virginia because of affection he held for the south, for southerners and virginians

during his entire life, if the -- even during the difficult war years and especially the days after the war. we must especially claim lincoln as a virginian because the project of his mature adult life was to pick up and rescue from the to spend, the most virginia value that all men are created equal and work to continue the project that was authored by the jeffersoninia, thomas 85 years before. that was the work of abraham lincoln's life. [applause] sen. kaine: to be true to virginia values. it is hard to remember this, abraham lincoln learned that those words of the declaration of independence when he was a young man, go into fourth of july ceremonies with the declaration of independence read. you know what folks? after the declaration of independence was prepared by

jefferson, when the constitution was written a decade later, there was nothing in the constitution about equality of all men. that was left out in the constitution. instead, the constitution enshrined inequality by protecting slavery. the constitution even said that african-americans in the south might be counted as 3/5 of a person. enshrining inequality, and that was the world that abraham lincoln grew up in. when he was out of politics, probably forever, according to him and others, but still following the events of the day, there were debates on the floor of the senate in which a senator from indiana, a northern state said this about jefferson's word, senator john pettit of indiana in 1854 set "jefferson's promise of equality was a self-evident lie." jefferson said behold these

truth is seven evidence that all men are created equal, but even northerner senators said those virginia values were lies, and at that point in lincoln's life, he let go of every other political issue he had debated and talked about for the previous 20 years and up for the rest of his life, he argued one proposition, if slavery was true, the declaration of independence was a lie. at the declaration of independence was true, slavery was a lie. no equivocation, you had to make a choice. he argued that again and again to be elected as president in the emancipation proclamation, and the gettysburg address or he quoted jefferson and he said that fourscore and seven years ago, the nation was founded upon the shores conceived in liberty, dedicated to the, the single proposition that all men are created equal. to the lincoln restored central place in american life

the notion that we, all of us, are created equal, that in a short time after his death, congress finally change the constitution to outlaw slavery and also include the 14th amendment, protecting the equality of every person. and so, it was abraham lincoln that belongs in virginia, as long as anyone picks up that document thomas jefferson wrote about and works in the vineyard for equality, we in virginia are glad to claim him as our own, so yes, abraham lincoln is one of us, is one of us. [applause] announcer: during his time in congress, mike pence spoke regularly at the annual march for life rally in washington dc. an event antiabortion activist used to mark the anniversary of the supreme court's roe versus wade decision. here is a speech from the 30th annual rally in january 2003.

[applause] gov. pence: thank you so much. americabeautiful day in to see so many shining faces. i am congressman mike pence, i am from indiana and i am pro-life. [applause] i rise as my colleagues have done it as we heard from the president of missouri to say yes to life. i rise to say it is time for the president of the united states of america to send in the principal pro-life judges and we will move them as americans under the court and and roe versus wade forever. it is time for us under the leadership to end partial-birth abortion in this civilized country that has no place. it is time for all of the , adoption reforms and

the president's vision for a faith-based initiative and will see resources, pregnancy centers and other industries therefore women with more than a hello choice with real answers meeting their real needs, but i am mostly here today as a father and as an american to say thank you to you from my heart. the cousin of you and the millions of americans you represent, abortion is in steep decline in america today. abortion is less available, u.s. legal, and most importantly, less morally acceptable than any other time since 1973. you alone can expose the empty promises of the left who offer a choice but deliver only heart ache and disappointment at the national conference.

the media will depict some of us as strange for standing in the cold. usa today said we should get on with it, that the extremist speeches heard today were a little bit crazy, and to be honest with you, i think of a song by billy joel that says "you may be right. i may be crazy, but it just may be a lunatic america is looking for." [applause] gov. pence: it just may be time as it has ever been the case on the steps of the lincoln memorial in 1963 on this very timein 1776 where every throughout american history where we achieved moral, social change, it has been crazy americans who believe in inalienable rights like the right to life.

i am mike pence, i am pro-life. thank you and god bless you. announcer: you are watching a special program on the lives and careers of mike pence and sees -- tim kaine. 80 beat each other tuesday, october 4. up next, congressman pinch speaking before the christian dc,ition in washington taking place just before the 2004 presidential election, and shortly after, he was selected to lead the republican study committee. gov. pence: it is imperative that we gather scarcely five weeks from an extraordinarily important moment in the life of our nation, and encourage one another and sharpen one another about the issues that we face in this election year. as i heard that introduction, i was very humbled by it. i was humbled to be elected this

week on my colleagues to lead the conservative caucus in the house next year. it reminded me though sometimes some people introduce you, they get a little carried away. i was at a dinner in indiana where i served in this last month, my wife karen was with me, and the woman who introduced me was even more generous than you heard today. she went on and on about the work i have done on behalf of the conservative agenda, my stance is a regular on crossfire debating james carver and she said, there are so few great men in american politics today and i give you congressman mike pence. spoke, andd i afterwards, i asked my wife what she thought of the speech and she said, it was fine. i said, you know what? i was thinking about the woman that introduce me and what she said, and my wife said, uh huh. i said, well, if you take

yourself totally out of it, there are very few great men in american politics today, and my wife said, i know there is one fewer than you think there is. [laughter] you know where i live. introduction that was described to me that i am a christian, conservative, republican in that order. i appreciate the christian coalition. [applause] it was a number of months ago that i found myself on a bus and a sloping valley between two gentle hills that rose 300 feet. it was a valley north of jerusalem and there was a tiny

creek that runs through it. our two guy who traveled -- our tour guide who traveled with , said weat hosted us were passing to the valley of ilam. i felt hard about where i had heard that before, and he said that little brook or a derivative thereof is where a young man walked in millennia ago and picked up some smooth stones and slated goliath. the words that accurate to the history of that young man who would be king, words of it like to reflect on today. giantod listening to a saying that the army of which he was a part was finished, and he saw been no reply, he asked the question, is there not a cause? the truth is, that question that

echoes through history should echo in our hearts today, the leadership gathered here today answered sir question, and we know the cause. to do justice, love kindness, to walk calmly with our god and in this organization to support men and women who are prepared to do likewise in the public square. [applause] gov. pence: the stakes in this election year as senator mcconnell said could not possibly be higher, the contrast more stark. i want to speak to you about the stakes in the contrast before i leave and let you hear from my others in a moment. this week in washington dc, it was my great privilege to welcome david and kelly kime from indiana. there is probably more people in in bern, than live

indiana, but it is a great place. you are from there, which is really not surprising. if you know what a great town it is. the family was at a press conference here in washington with their beautiful twin sons and daughters, caroline and spencer. apart from being the most beautiful children on the earth, infantse, unremarkable in a room of squalor ring and fence. the distinction was, two short years ago, those infants were snowflakes. they were frozen embryos. they were of the cash we are told by medical emphasis today and by political leaders are able.rded

i looked in caroline's eyes and i stroked spencer's hair and there's nothing discardable about them. [applause] gov. pence: ronald reagan said it best in his famous small booklet. in abortion and a conscious of a nation and he says, and i believe he would speak of the stem cell research today in the same way, irrespective of what his namesake says. you cannot diminish the value of any kind of human life without diminishing the value of all human life. life andity of human this debate over stem cell research is fundamentally at the ,enter of this political debate make no mistake about it.

next week on capitol hill, i will be privileged to be part of a team that brings to the floor another bill that i think is at the very center of our national life. at the very hard to beat of your work christian coalition. we will bring the marriage protection act to the floor of the house of representatives and we will pass it in this congress. [applause] gov. pence: i must tell you there are those that metabolize this debate -- trivialize this debate, and to be perfectly candid, i believe this issue is of such enormous social and cultural consequence that it is regrettable that it takes place in the midst of a national election year. men and women, history has selected this time, not the

conservatives, and let me make while int clear -- might disagree with the lifestyle choices of americans, most offended by the federal marriage amendment, and while i may pray for them, people who would know me, know me to be a live and let live person. i try to love my neighbor, whether i agree with them or not. though i amw, even from south of highway 40 in indiana, the difference between attacking and defending, and men and women, marriage and those of us that stand for traditional marriage are attacking no one. we are defending institution upon which the vitality of our families and society depend. there is the difference between attacking and defending. [applause] gov. pence: and the marriage matters.

i know i am preaching to the choir here, men and women, but i think it matters. as we are talking to neighbors and friends and millions of people looking in today, marriage matters for four basic reasons. everyone, it was not our idea. god.age was ordained by it was instituted in the law. it is the glue of the american family and it is the safest harbor to raise children. marriage matters for these reasons, and we must take the case to the american people over and above politics that whatever the outcome in the election cycle, we must stand with those that stand with marriage. [applause] emphasize one point in particular, and that is, another hoosier from the

same area i serve, a man who i have the privilege of calling a friend. vice president dan quayle who stood for family and stood for marriage. [applause] gov. pence: as the country song says, he was pro-family before pro-family was cool. we all remember the race in 1992 when dan quayle had the audacity to stand in the midst of a national debate and say that two parent families mattered for children. i will never forget the headline of the atlantic monthly magazine, published a month after the bush-quayle team lost that simply red, dan quayle was right and he still is. parent-traditional marriage is the safest harbor for raising children. he said it in 1992 and it is

been proven again and again and again a sociologist and secular sources in the intervening doesn't years or more. one such example is provided by the maggie gallagher and joshua baker in a recent survey produced by the institute of marriage and public policy. listen to this quote from 12 leading family scholars that summarize all of the recent research literature on marriage. they concluded "marriage is more than a private emotional relationship. it is also a social good. not every person can or should marry. not every child race outside of marriage is damage, but communities were good enough marriage is our common have better outcomes, statistically for children, women, men then do communities suffering from high rates of divorce, unmarried childbearing and high conflict or violent marriages."

men and women, we stand with marriage because of all issues of our time, marriage matters to the vitality of this, the freest and strongest and most powerful nation on the earth. [applause] gov. pence: those are the stakes and now the choice. the choice on these issues nearest to the heart of the american family could not be clearer in this election. the choice between president george w. bush, who against a withering assault of criticism was willing to step into the roosevelt room and told his head high and say he would support a constitutional amendment defining marriage as the unity between a man and a woman was an act of moral courage as compared to the democratic nominee who says he supports marriage, but

offers a litany of excuses that makes his position and the position of the democratic party meaningless. there is one candidate in this race who is prepared to lead with moral courage to defend marriage and that is george w. bush. [applause] let me say it plainly. there is only one pro-life party in the united states of america. this pro-life president not only talked the talk but walked the walk when he signed a ban of partial-birth abortion, ending a moral nightmare in the united states of america with the support of the republican congress. partial-birth abortion is over. [applause] gov. pence: the choice could not be clearer.

so now it is your turn. here, called leaders out and as a friend of mine involved in the hungarian revolution against the russians in the middle of the last century said, mike, do you know what the definition of a leader is? it is a cowardly gets pushed to the front of the parade. [laughter] gov. pence: some of us have been pushed to the front of the parade. you are the leaders. you are the people that will go out from today, either encouraged and invigorated or not, and i want to challenge you with three thoughts, and i will close. .irst, i challenge you to pray midland, i am not talking about the way they do in the end zone of an nfl football game. shouldit for me that i send against the lord by failing to pray for you.

the bible says it is in addition to say i'm a man of prayer and that the prayer of a righteous man is worth a lot. never forget the day i saw the president after september 11 and i spent the day on the grounds of the capital. i saw the president not there long after and i walked up to him as a brother of christ and i took him by the hand and said, i want you to know i am praying for you. he said, thanks. i am honored. i took his hand a little tighter because i thought he thought it was just saying it and i said, i want you to know i am praying for you, every day, on my knees by name. his hand on my shoulder and he looked at me and said, keep it up, mike. it matters. midland, do not leave here today without understanding that consecration proceeds conquest. to get on our knees, to pray through the selection, to pray for the challenges.

god will intervene to make clear to this good nation the clear choice we face on the moral issues of our time. announcer: 20 persisting, 2007, virginia tech became the site of the deadly shooting in u.s. history. a lone gunman killed 32 students, faculty, staff and injured dozens more. wee was a virginia tech student who later took his wife. tim kaine and his wife flew back from asia to attend a memorial convocation one day after the shooting. sen. kaine: what an amazing community this is. andpresident and mrs. bush to all who are part of this virginia tech community in this room on this campus worldwide, today it is a very bitter and sad day, and yet my wife and i

are very privileged to be here with you and there is nowhere else in the world we would rather be with you at this moment. mentioned, and then i had left on sunday morning from richmond to go on a two-week trade mission to asia, one of the events is actually an event in india to spotlight a wonderful program of virginia tech. we had been in tokyo in a hotel for about five hours when we were awakened with a call about 1:00 in the morning to report the horrible tragedy on this inpus, and we were stunned our first thought was, we need to get home. we need to be in blacksburg with this community that we care so much about. we had the experience of up in the middle of the night and not be able to get home for 10 hours. and so, we did with people all across the world had been doing

in the last couple of days, we sat there in our hotel room in that and then in an airport on,ing with the television watching to get news about what was happening on this campus and how the campus was handling it. if was different being away from home, halfway across the world and seeing what was happening on this campus and what you, you students were showing to the world. even in the midst of the darkest day in the history of this campus, what you show to the world yesterday, you students was an amazing thing. again and again and again, in all of these various news outlets, students were called forward to offer their thoughts and asked what they thought about the campus and how they were dealing with this tragedy, and the grief was real and very raw. the questions were deep and troubling, but again and again with students came back to, wherein the virginia tech sweatshirts, wherein the

theinia tech cap's was committee spirits and the sense of unity here on this campus and how before it was about who was to blame or what could have been the indifferent, it was about how we take care of each other wonderful, wonderful community. how proud we were even in the midst of a sad day to see how well you represented yourself and this university to a worldwide community. there are deep emotions that are a tragedy asby significant as this, grieving, sadness by the boatload. and then i have unashamedly shed tears about this, and i know virtually all of you have as well. that is the thing you should be doing. you should be grieving. there are resources here on this campus and others on this campus to help you as you find need for consolation. that is so important. a second reaction that is a natural reaction is anger, anger

man, theun hi circumstances, what could have been different? that is natural as well. one of the most powerful stories in the human history of stories is the great story central to judaism, islam, christian unity -- christianity, the old testament afflicted with all kinds of tragedies and his family and he was angry. he was angry at his circumstances. he was angry at his created. -- creator. it is ok to argue. it is ok to be angry. those emotions are natural as well. finally, the emotions of the family members most affected, son,d grief, losing a losing a dot or a brother, a sister, a close friend, and they can go beyond grief to isolation and feeling despair.

those haunting words that were uttered on a hill on calvary, my god, my god, why has thou for sicken me -- forsaken me? despair is a natural emotion. they are all appropriate. levy me ask one thing of you, this community, as you wrestle with your sadness, as you wrestle with your own feelings of anger and confusion, as you wrestle with the despair, even you family members who have lost people close to you, do not, do not let hold of the spirit and community that makes virginia tech such a special place. do not lose hold of that. you needed as a university because you have always had it. you need to maintain it. we do not need that spirit of community to be a victim of yesterday. no, you need that. usa community, unified together,

there is so much you can do for these family members. , to help them deal with their grief. if you are unified, there is an accountable amount you can do to and the family members friends do what the loss. we need in virginia that spirit of community you have here. if we are bold enough to call ourselves not a state but a commonwealth, a state is a dotted line, a state is a political subdivision, commonwealth has a meaning. is, what we have, the god-given and man-made resources that we have that we hold in common for a community, and u.s. virginia tech has made that community and demonstrated the community for us in a way -- virginiaentire, entire and finally i would say, from having that vantage point, of hearing about this on the other side of the world, it is not

just you that need to maintain the spirit, but the world needs you to. the world was watching you yesterday and in the darkest moment, in the history of this youersity, the world saw and saw you respond in a way that builds community. i was reminded in the airport as we got ready to board to come back, i have seen this story before. i have turned on the television and seeing the bad news of a emergency, a weather or a famine. i have seen these stories and there will be more stories, but there was something in the store yesterday that was different and it was you. your spirit, even in a dark day there was optimism, community, .ope and wanting to be together utah something good yesterday, even in the darkest and the world needs that example. so i pledge to do all i can for members of the community in my team as well to be with you in , to be alongside

of you during a difficult time as we sort through and try to work with families and friends. you have a remarkable community here. look around and see this and see the thousands of students. this is a remarkable place. do not let hold of that sense of community which is so powerful in this room. announcer: more now from tim kaine as we look at events from the past, featuring the 2016 vice presidential candidates on c-span. in early 2007, then governor kane became one of the first politicians to endorse barack obama for president. here he is introducing the illinois senator at a 2008 rally in alexandria, virginia just before the state primary. esther obama went on to win the race with 64% of the vote. sen. kaine: this is unbelievable. are you ready to win in two days? [applause] sen. kaine: this story is as

inspiring as "remember the titans." barry is. , i am so glado be to be with so many friends. the greatristina for enthusiasm. it is enthusiasm we all share. we were just in the overflow room and the overflow of the overflow room. we are gathered here because we are part of a national movement to change this country and put in a president we can be proud of. [applause] sen. kaine: yes, we can. yes we can. >> yes we can. yes we can. yes we can. yes we can. yes we can. yes we can. sen. kaine: as christina mentioned, i am one of the national cochairs of the campaign, endorsing obama one year ago yesterday. [applause]

i could see a couple things in him, having gotten to know him and when i campaign for governor, and excellence of character, judgment, vision. i think americans are going to want excellence in 2008 after two administrations in a row of mediocrity. we want excellence. [applause] see that the could senator was a unifier at a time when we are so divided, and we need a unified nation and the senator is a person of strong values and beliefs, nevertheless always reaching out to bring others to the table and include others, and we need a unifier and that is who senator barack obama is an that is what our nation needs. [applause] sen. kaine: when christina was speaking, it made me think back. i spent a year, 25 years ago and

with in honduras working missionaries. we used to have a phrase, if you know spanish, it means ready, but it also means more than that, a cautious and intellect that is formed and a courage that is ready to put you out there doing what you need to do. senator obama is ready. [applause] sen. kaine: another phrase we walking withas -- the people. barack obama is walking with the people. [applause]

sen. kaine: translation to all of that, he is a great guy. he is a great guy. [applause] and so ie: and so, endorsed him for those reasons, but i also endorsed him for one other reason than that is why we are here. forre not doing this ourselves, we are doing it to win. we need somebody who can win. barack obama can win. barack obama can win. we are barely one month into a

primary season, and barack obama has won states all over this country. [applause] sen. kaine: he has won red states, blue states, northern states, southern states, eastern states, western states, midwestern states. [applause] faithaine: each one in that were urban, suburban, and only democrats could participate in, that independents could participate in all over this nation from alabama, alaska, everywhere in between. we have a candidate who can win. [applause] sen. kaine: and you saw last night, are we in a good mood today after yesterday? [applause] a blue state

washington, a red state, nebraska, a purple state, louisiana, all over for barack obama. [applause] tuesday, weand on can be part of a big momentum story to propel him forward to next week with wisconsin and hawaii, propel them forward to march 4 with ohio, texas, ohio and vermont, if we get on board, if we deliver a big win tuesday, there will be unstoppable momentum to this montane best campaign. would you do it? [applause] >> yes we can. yes we can. yes we can. yes we can. yes we can. yes we can. special lookspan's back at the vice presidential candidates continues with mike

pence speaking shortly after the 2008 residential election. in addition to losing the presidency that year, republicans also lost season both houses of congress. joined agressman pence panel to discuss the future of the republican party and the proper role of the minority in congress. it was hosted by the republican governors association. mica, if you could tell us a you see the role of the minority in congress and address the new president and when he takes office, president-elect obama and the majorities in the house and senate. gov. pence: gladly. thek you to the rca for humbly invitation. i kind of looked at the panel and i was kind of thinking, it is kind of like introducing obi-wan kenobi, han solo, luke skywalker and then r2-d2 will also be on the panel. [laughter] gov. pence: until i was talking

about me. [laughter] gov. pence: there are two governors appear that i must respect. person who i a think was the finest, most a gunfight, most candidate -- dignified candidate for vice president in my lifetime. [applause] know, i wouldu say, you know, we have to state the obvious, and i am very moved by governor perry's comments and governor palin's comments that there is a difference between the republican party at the state level and new leadership represented around this table and the federal level. that were forgotten

at the federal level are put into practice in increasing measure in places like mississippi, places like indiana, places like texas, and so, i take to heart the difference there. when i speak about where i think the republican party, but where i think the republican party in d.c. is, and in that sense, the republican party at the federal level is in the wilderness. but the author mark halperin wrote many years ago, there is a way out of the wilderness. the way out of the wilderness is the truth. recognizing it, stating it, defending it and a living by it. and i believe that the truth is at the federal level, and 2006 and 2008, we did not lose our governing majority, we lost our way. the american people did not walk away from the contract with america. they decided we did.

judgment, in in my my eight years in congress, we lost our willingness to fight for those principles of fiscal discipline, limited government and perform -- and reform, and to find our way back we need to recognize that, be open with the american people about it and be humble about it. i think we need to return our party, as governor palin and governor perry just said and others have said in remarks before, i think i'd -- we need to return our party to the principle i believe in my heart is still the governing majority of the united states of america, on election day we are told in exit polls 22% of americans identify themselves as liberals. i did not do great in math in the fourth grade, but i do not think that is a majority. the truth is, the governing majority of america is still centered around people that are looking for leadership and will defend our nation, our treasury and defend our values with

everything you have got. if the republican party, at the national level will do with someone of governors around the country have done, i believe we will see, not only are political fortunes spring back, but we will see the research and of those ideals practiced at the national level. one other point, i call myself a jack cap republican. kemp republican. i really believe that the great tradition of the republican party is a quality of opportunity. you are going to celebrate a special moment in january, regardless of our politics. if you short weeks before the bicentennial of a family can -- abraham lincoln's birth we will see the first african-american president. that is special. i think it a court level it should be special for republicans.

it was the founder of our party that signed the emancipation proclamation. it was teddy roosevelt that invited an african-american leader into the white house. did socourse jack kemp much to build the relationship of our party to the minority committee. i think we need to take our message of a strong defense of opportunity for all, traditional moral values, the sanctity of life and marriage to every community in america and not be shy about that. leslie, -- lastly, winston churchill described the duty before us. he quoted the late lord cell is very limited in the 19 century in the aftermath, it is the duty of every englishman and english party to accept political defeat cordially and to do their best endeavors to secure the success or neutralize the evil of the principles of which they have been forced to sick,. -- sucumb.

he added, it is good we have no wish to be faithful to such wholesome traditions. toublicans need to return the principles of a strong defense, limited government, the sanctity of life, sanctity of marriage and then we need to be willing after inappropriate period of recognizing a transition in history, recognizing the fight at every level for what we believe in. thank you. >> just two years after the 2008 presidential election, republicans won back the majority in the house of representatives. mike pence spoke shortly after the 2010 midterms at an event hosted by the federalist society in washington. and he focused on the role of the president. a remind that are c-span will have live coverage of the vice presidential candidates' debate on tuesday, october 4, starting at 7:30 p.m. eastern. >> the presidency is the most visible thread that runs through the tapestry of the

american government. more often than not, for good or for ill, it sets the tone for the other branches. and it spurs the expectations of the people. its powers are vast and consequentialal. its requirements from the yoteyouth set and by definition impossible for mortals to fulfill. without humility and insistent attention to its purposes as set forth in the constitution of the united states. isn't it amazing, given the great and momentous nature of the office of those who seek it seldom pause to consider what they're seeking? rather, unconstrained by reflection or principle, there's a mad rush toward something that want it's -- once its powers are seized, the new president can yield it with an instrument with which to transform the nation and the people according to its highest aspirations. but other than an a crisis of a house divided, the presidency is neither fit nor intended to

be such an instrument. when it is made that, the country sustains a wound. and it cries out justly and indignantly and hat country says, the theme of this address,, what it says, impelled by its long history, what it says quite naturally and rightly, what it may well have said on november 2, is that we as a people a are not to be ruled and not to be commanded. [applause] it says that the president should never forget this. that he's not risen above us, but is merely one of us. chosen by ballot, dismissed after his term, tasked not to transform and work his will upon us, but to bear the weight of decision, to carry out faithfully the design laid down in the constitution and

impassioned by the declaration of independence. the presidency must adhere to its definition as expressed in the constitution and the conduct defined over time and tradition. while the powers of the office have enlarged along with those of the legislature and the judiciary, the framework of the government was intended to restrict abuses common to the classical empires and to the regal states of the 18th century. without proper adherence to the role contemplated in the constitution for the presidency , the checks and balances in the constitutional plan become weakened. this has been most obvious in recent years when the three branches of government have been subject to the tutelage of a single party. under either party it seems president is have often forget than they are intended to restrain the congress at times and that the congress is independent of their desires. thus fused in some kind of unholey unity, the political class has raged forward in an

expansion of power and prerogatives mistakenly assuming that to exercise power is by default to do good. even the simplest among us knows that this is not so. power is an instrument of fatal consequence. it is confined no more readily than quick silver and escapes good intentions as easily as airflows through mesh. therefore those who are entrusted with it must educate hemselves in self-restraint. a republic, if you can keep it, is about limitation and for good reason. because we are mortal and our actions are imperfect. the tragedy of presidential decision is that even with the best of choice, some, perhaps many, will be left behind. and some, perhaps many, may die. because of this, a true statesman lives in what churchill called a continuous

stress of soul. he may give to paul, but only because he robs peter. and that's why you must always be wary of a president who seems to float upon his own greatness. for all greatness is tempered by mortality and every soul is equal. it is a tragedy indeed the new generations taken office invariably seek more power. in the judiciary, this has seldom -- seldom been better expressed than by thurgood marshall do. what you think is right and let the law catch up, closed quote. in the congress, it presents it self in massive legislation, acts and codes, thousands of pages long, and so monstrously overcomplicated that no human being could read through them in a lifetime. much less understand them, much less apply them justly to a people that increasingly feel like they're no longer being

asked, feel like they're being told. our nation finds itself too often of late in the position of a dog whose duty it is not to ask why, because the why is too elevated for his nature. just simply obey. but america's not a dog. and does not require a, because i said so jurisprudence. to which it is then commanded to catch up. or legislators who knit laws of such insulting complexity that they're heavier than chains, or a president who acts like, speaks like and is received as a king. [applause] the presidency has run off the rails. it begs a new clarity. a new discipline. a new president. [applause]

the president is not our teacher, our tutor, our guide or our ruler. he does not command us, we command him. we serve neither him nor his vision. it is not his job or prerogative to define custom, law and beliefs to appropriate industries, to seize the country as it were by the houlders or by the throat.

it is not his job or his prerogative to redefine custom, law, and beliefs to appropriate industries, to seize the country as it were by the shoulders or by the throat as if to impose by the force of theatrical charisma is justice on 300 million people. it is neither his job or his prerogative to shift of the power of decision away from the people to him and the acolytes of his choosing. is my characterization of unprecedented presumption incorrect? i defer to the judgment of the people, which they will make with their own eyes and ears. listen to the exact words of president obama's transition team who said at the point of his election "it is important that president-elect obama is

prepared to really take power and begin to rule day one." or more recently, "president obama understands the importance of leveling the playing field." take power, rule, leveling. though it is now, it should never again be the model of the presidency or the character of the american president. >> no one can say this to strongly, no one can say it enough until it is remedied, we are not subjects, we are citizens. >> we fought a war so that we don't have to treat kings like kings, and if i may remind you, we won that one. [laughter] the powers of the presidency are extraordinary, and great presidents treat them sparingly. no finer more moving or profound understanding of the

nature of the presidency than the command of humility placed on it has been expressed in my judgment than by president coolidge. he like lincoln lost a child while he was president, a son of 16. the data became president, oolidge wrote, he had just started to work in a tobacco field when one of his fellow labor said to him, you know, if my father was president, i would not be working in a tobacco field. to which young calvin apparently replied, if my father where your father, you would. >> his affection for the boy was obvious, and his admiration. while in the white house, president coolidge's son contracted blood poisoning. coolidge wrote words that resonate with any parent in the room. he wrote "what might have happened to him other other circumstances, we don't know, if i had not been president. when he went, the power and the glory of the presidency went with him."

a sensibility like this and not power is the source of presidential dignity, and it ust be restored. it depends entirely upon character, self-discipline, and an understanding of the fundamental principles that underlie the republic, but life tself. it communicates the president feels the gravity of his office and is willing to sacrifice himself. that his eye is on the storm of history through which it is his responsibility to navigate with the specific powers accorded to him and the limitations placed upon them, not merely by man, ut by god.

in the capitol rotunda, there re heroic paintings, the signing of the declaration, the victory at saratoga, the victory at yorktown, and something seldom seen in history, a painting that depicts a general, the leader of an armed rebellion, resigning his commission and surrendering his army to a new democracy. upon hearing from benjamin west that george washington having won the war and been urged by some to use the army to make himself king would instead returned to his farm, george the third said, if he does that, he will be the greatest an in the world. e did, and he was. >> to aspire to such virtue and self-restraint would be

difficult, but in another sense, it should be easy. difficult, because it would be demanding, and easy because it is just the right thing to do nd the rewards are immediate and self-evident. a president who slights the constitution is like a writer who hates his horse, he will be hrown. >> and the nation along with him. the president solemnly swears to preserve, protect, and defend the constitution. he does not solemnly swear to overlook, reinterpret it. other than an in a crisis of morality, decency, if he should want to hurry along the onstitution, he should do so by amendment rather than just meant, for if he joins the powers of his office with his

own willful interpretation, we step away from a government of laws towards a government of men. the president should regard the constitution and the declaration like an excess lover, they should be on his mind all the time. a prism through which the light of all questions of government pass. though we have sometimes gradually, sometimes radically, moved away from this, we can move back to it, and who better than the president to restore this wholesome devotion? now, where as at home, the president must be cautious, dutiful, and deferential, abroad his character must change. were he to ask for a primer on ow to ask in relation to other states, which no holder of the office has needed up to this point, and were that primer to be written by the american people either in 1776 or in 2010, you can be confident that

it would contain at least the ollowing instructions. first, you do not bow to kings. >> outside our borders, the president of united states bows to no man. when an foreign lands, you do not criticize your own country. >> you do not argue the case against the united states, but ather the case for it. >> you do not apologize to the enemies of the united states of america. [applause] and should you be

confused, let me help. a country, people, or region that harbors, shelters, supports, encourages, or cheers attacks upon our country are enemies of the united states of america, and you do not apologize to them. [applause] and you do not apologize to them. closely related to this, and perhaps the least ambiguous, of he president's responsibilities as ommander-in-chief, in this regard, there is a simple role, unknown to some presidents regardless of party, if, and it is the biggest if any president can face, for it will follow not just him, but hundreds of thousands or millions of others, not just for the rest of their lives, but and life itself. if, and it is and if that requires long and deep thought, hard labor and determining the

truth of things, a lifetime of education, the knowledge of a general, the wisdom of a statesman, and the heart of an infantryman, if after careful deliberation, intense stress of soul and the deepest prayer, if then you go to war, then by having gone to war, you go to war to win. >> you do not cast away american lives upon a theory, a gambit, or a notion, and if the politics of your own election or own party in true to upon your decision for even an instant, there are no words for his.

more commonplace, but hardly less important, are other expectations of the president in this regard. he must not stand on the equipment and provisioning of our armed forces. f he makes an error, it must be on the side of surplus. he must be the guardian of his troops, taking every step to avoid the loss of even a single american life. the american soldier is as precious as the closes of your kin, because he is your kin. the president must say to the congress and the people, i am the commander in chief. it is my sacred duty to defend the united states of america

and give our soldiers what they need to complete their mission and come home safe. >> in fulfilling this duty, if the president waivers, he was he will have betrayed his ffice, but this is not policy, it is probity, and it is not an expedient artifact of the imagination, it is written on the bloodsoaked ground of sarasota, yorktown, iraq, afghanistan, and a thousand other places in our history in lessons repeated over and over again. >> you are watching a special program on the careers of the vice presidential candidates as seen through the c-span video archive. tim kaine served as chairman of the democratic national ommittee from 2009-2011. our next segment shows german kaine reflecting on the 2010 midterm elections in which democrats lost their majority in the house.

>> this is the first meeting we have had since the midterms, and i want to start there, because i think we have acknowledge it was a very tough night. it did not go the way we wanted. the way elections usually push both houses the other way, that did not happen, thank goodness, and we won some close statewide races that came our way, but we lost seats, and it was more han seats. i thought about what congressman cleaver said the other day in the executive committee if you were there, we are not about numbers. we are about people. you can talk about numbers, but i think about people, really good public servants that i know and that i imagine you think about a lot of great public servants who you knew who have not returned to legislative bodies. most of them, most of them did not return not because they were not doing the right

thing. they did the right thing, and when people do the right thing and a political climate where it is tough to do the right thing, make tough decisions, make unpopular choices they goes they need to move the nation forward, obviously we want to see those people rewarded. we don't want to see people who do the right thing not get rewarded, but the mystery and complexity of life, and we see this in politics and elsewhere that it sometimes you do the right thing, there can be a acklash. the empire strikes back, as they say, and we lost a number of good people who did the right thing. i can't help but thinking that even people who are back, like a speaker who did a magnificent job in two years, speaker nancy elosi --

>> um, who was still there, still fighting for us as our democratic leader in the house, but not in the same position, so there are lessons learned. there were some challenges in the midterms, and also some bright spots. he challenges were independent voters who supported the president in 2008, did not support democratic candidates nationally. here were changes, but independent voters moved pretty significantly and two years. that is something we have to work on. our young voters who don't have a great history of midterm turnout, but who had an amazing surge in 2008. we saw young voters do better in 2010, but we hoped it would be better still, and we did not get to where we wanted to with young voters. and with women voters, the democratic party has had a pretty spectacular tradition. we are having discussions at the dnc with the president and our congressional leadership or the next two years.

there were a couple of bright spots, and you have to mention them because there are some thanks involved. turnout of some of the democratic core constituencies was really good. there were a couple of bright spots. and i think you've got to mention them because i think there are some things involved. turnout of some of the democratic core constituencies was actually really, really good. african-american voters nationally turned out very well because they understood what was at stake in terms of partners who would work with or partners who would fight the president. just a piece of data i found kind of remarkable -- and i'm just going to use this as an xample, but there are others -- wisconsin voting. we had a horrible election night in wisconsin. we lost to the governor's race, we lost to the spectacular

senator, senator feingold, members of congress. in 2010, it was a tough, tough night. 2000 -- 2006 was a great night. the most democratic jurisdiction of wisconsin, the city of milwaukee, the turnout in the city of milwaukee was 15% higher than it was in 2006. democrats voted very well in that city and cities all across the country. we have to acknowledge that. the latino vote was strong and was a critical margin in key races in nevada and colorado and california and api voting in washington, oregon very strong. every latebreaking race, any race that was not decided election night -- i know you've followed this. i sure did. i was looking for a for the wounds on election night areas the washington governor's race, the oregon governor's race, the minnesota governor's race -- all of the late breaker switched our way, which told me n the close races, it is the politics that matter and the risk good field activity because of state parties, organizing for america volunteers, and a strong upturn. but you can't sugarcoat it. it was a tough night. after that night, i remembered a

wonderful line will always remember after anything tough because it tells you, ok, it's tough. progress is not a complete straight line. illiam faulkner. "they may have killed us, but they ain't whooped us." if you ever needed proof, bill daley told us, all of the pendants -- nothing was going to get done, the democrats back on their heels. and we end up with a president and a congress at the end of the lame-duck session that got more good work done -- the 9/11 responders bill -- what a spectacular, spectacular thing the other guys tried to block, but we made it happen. he start treaty, the compromise that would extend unemployment benefits and adjust payroll taxes for folks.

there was a pill in there that a lot of folks did not want to swallow with response to the tax cuts on the wealthiest. but we were going to talk about that in the heart of a presidential election when everyone is paying attention and we have an opportunity to have it affect the relationship one way or another. and you played a big role. at and one i did not mention, the epeal of don't ask don't tell. [applause] went through so may twist and turns. i know folks were rustrated. it was up, it was down. it was part of the defense authorization. the republicans locked it. even in the middle of december it looked tough. that you always been in wonderful ways. we put out the talk and you helped us with petitions. basically within 72 hours. and we have to say great

activism by so many wonderful activist and the american public saying we want you to do this. and the american military saying we want you to do this. you wait in in ways that made don't act -- ask don't tell happen. we have seen the president continues cents. a presentation to the grieving nation after the horrific shooting in tucson. things can look dark one day and how quickly they can urn. we are going to go through a lot of cycles and a lot of ups and downs. the challenges of november have not defeated us. we are battling with a great president to do good work.

i will tell you. if there is one thing the election has done, it has enabled us to paint in pretty stark contrast to the choice between the country. you heard secretary's police do it. i will not be able to top her. the president said, we are going to win. we are optimists. the other guys will be the gym and glamorous. they have been the gym and glamorous. we are going to win. -- the other guys will be the doom and gloomers. as the president said, we are going to focus on the economy. we are going to make it stronger by building, buy out innovating, by out educating the rest of the world. on the economy, on the economy -- i get into these discussions in richmond, where i live.

i'm sure you do, too well. i have a lot of friends that are democrats and republicans and independents. they will say, what has the president done for the economy? three things. at the end of the bush administration, gdp was shrinking by 6% in year. that is what this president inherited. that is unparalleled since the great depression in american history that we would shrink by that degree. now the gross domestic product is growing again. it has for the last year. economists are revising upward. we have gone from a shrinking economy. to a growing economy. in jobs. in jobs -- and we are not where we want to be yet -- in any area -- we are not where we want to be yet. but the president came in at a time when jobs had fallen off a cliff. we lost 750,000 jobs, more than that in january 2009 when he was inaugurated. we have seen -- we have grown

the private sector of the economy. we were losing jobs under the other guys. we are gaining jobs. and data .3 for your argument with anybody around the kitchen table or in the family he want to know what democrats have done for the economy -- if you put a dollar in the stock market the day that george bush was inaugurated in 20 oh one, what was it worth when he left office? $.78. eight years, declined by 22%. if you put a dollar in the stock market and the tao the year -- and the dow jones the year that president obama was inaugurated, it is up. on the other side, what we have -- we are climbing out of the ditch they made. we are battling for green energy and inclusion. they said if they got power, they would focus on jobs. that is what they said they would focus on. let me tell you what they have than focusing on. if you look at republican

governors all over this country, what you see is massive education cuts. am traveling. i was in texas, illinois the week before. i go to all of these democratic, republican tates. states where republicans were at the helm, massive cuts to education. how are we going to out nnovate and continue to grow if we are cutting the talent expansion that is public education? you can do it. you can't do it. that is certainly not a pro-jobs strategy. yet that is one that they are pursuing. other strategies they are pursuing in the house, basically and effort to take way the rights of women. you saw last week, the house voted to completely defund lanned parenthood.

cervical cancer screenings. education, health care, protecting women's choices, contraception. what does that have to do with jobs? going after women, what does it have to do with jobs? you are seeing secretary's police redefining -- secretary solis -- redefining what forcible rape means, another bill republicans pushed before they realized, hey, this is stupid. but they all have their names on the bill and we will not let any of those sponsors forget what they were trying to do to american women. right?

you heard the secretary talk about wisconsin and the other tates. i was in madison a couple weeks back. let me put it first in if it were a company. if it was a company what ceo do we admire who comes into a company and as the ceo wages a public war on their own workforce right out of the gate? there are ceo's that do that, but there are no ceo's we admire that do that because ceo's we admire no, as the secretary said, is about partnership. you work together to find progress. you do not wage war on your own employees. trying to make public employees the bogeyman and go after them -- these are the people who teach our kids. these are the people who care for a parents and grandparents. and the notion we are going to go after them and make them evil and make them the bogeyman

even when they are willing to engage in the shared sacrifice that public employees engage in a most every day shows what that site is about and think that contrast. the first thing the republicans did when they came -- it was not about jobs. they wanted to repeal health care. they wanted to take away from 7 million small businesses the tax credit small businesses are getting to help them afford health care. they were going to make it more expensive to be a small business. i heard somebody say this. does anybody else find it on that the way they really go after this, they call it obamacare? obamacare? care is a bad word? care is a negative? it is wrong to care? we are against care. we are going to fight against care. i'm glad obamacare is. 'm glad obama cares.

i'm glad democrats care. i'm glad democrats care. i'm glad democrats care. because look -- look. if -- if it's not democrats caring about somebody getting kicked around because they have a pre-existing illness, who is going to care? if it's not democrats, who is going to care? if it's not democrats caring about the cost of college, who is going to care? we do care. that's one of the great things about being a democrat. we should be proud of that proud of our president. >> in march of 2011, tea party activists rallied in washington, demanding a government shutdown. then congressman mike pence spoke at that rally, voicing support for a the activists. this is part of a special presentation on the careers of the vice presidential candidates. you can watch the entire event on www.c-span.org.

>> in mike pence. i am from indiana. welcome back to your nations. with a debt this year of $1.56 trillion and the national debt of $14 trillion and a defiant liberal majority in the senate, it's time to figure fight -- it's time to pick a fight. representative pence: the american people sent a deafening message. they said it's time to and the orrowing in the bailouts and time to and the congress of ancy pelosi once and for all

and you did it. nd you did it. and house republicans of god's work being awarded the majority again. we have cut our budgets. we had repealed obamacare. e voted to cut spending. we defunded obamacare and we ended public funding for planned parenthood. that is what we did. house republicans have run eadlong into harry reid. harry reid took to the floor of he senate and set a modest down payment on fiscal discipline was reckless, irresponsible, mean-spirited.

he even defended federal unding for the cowboy poetry institute in nevada. the truth is, they just don't et it. they don't get the party is over for liberals in washington, d c -- washington, d.c. the american people are demanding we change the direction of our government. but i learned that things do not change here unless they have to. we have to say to harry reid and liberals in the senate, this far and no farther. we have to borrow a line from another hairy and this -- from another harry and say the debt stops here. and if liberals and the senate would rather play political games and shut down the government, i say shut it own.

representative pence: nobody wants the government shutdown, but if we do not change it, we will run the future for our hildren and grandchildren. not that these cuts are anything to write about. these are just down payments, earnest money on restoring fiscal discipline, but it's a start and it is a first step and it will be a win for taxpayers that could set the stage for larger increases, attling for a budget and a

long-term budget for fiscal discipline and setting our nation back on the pathway to constitutional limited government sometimes even -- amid government. sometimes even small steps bullied taken can change history. just like it did on christmas night 1776. a harsh winter storm have settled in the delaware river valley. public support for the war was waning and the troops were weary and demoralized and a eneral conceived of a bold and daring plan. he would pick a fight in the dead of night. take it directly to the enemy. so they boarded the boat's and crossed the great river and they won the day. on the night, 2400 americans thought dean hessians. thought 1,500 haitians. the battle only lasted a couple

of hours. by contrast, antietam, a battle more than a day, the battle of the bulge, a million men, more than a month. while the victory into and was not a great battle, it was a battle of great consequence. history records it was a defining moment in our still young nation. it showed that victory was in our reach and americans were till ready to fight. it set the stage for larger vehicles -- victories to come. today our struggle is that against an implaqueable enemy and we will not compare military contests with political delay -- debates, but the principle is the same. picking a fight and winning this small step for fiscal discipline in washington, the

american people will see the victory over deficits and debt is within our reach, that we can fight and win and restore imited government at the national government. and so, we must fight. [applause] republicans must show we are worthy of this moment. equal to the crisis. and squarely defended those in he status quo. -- if harry reid what's to fight, let's give it to them. [cheers and applause] democrats in the senate may feel that they have the advantage, but let me assure you. it only seems that way. and minority in the senate plus the american people equals a ajority.

and -- know this. know this, men and women. whenever you take a stand for reedom, for future generations, for traditional values, you do not fight alone. he have steered the waters, he who cleared the ice flows will make the way for america because he is not done with america yet. let's go pick a fight. >> tim kaine won his race for u.s. senate in 2012, defeating ormer virginia senator and governor george allen. from the c-span archive, a portion of that debate. >> surmise me of a similar event several years ago.

we talked about transportation and right outside this uilding, there was not a hot links on the beltway being built. we talked about education. we put in place our largest bond package in the history of the commonwealth. nd we expanded prekindergarten. nd we talked mostly in the chamber about economic development. we won accolades in my first day as governor. i am proud of those chievements.

i am especially proud that we did them in the midst of the worst recession since the 1930's. we have to fix congress to end gridlock, gridlock that is blocking progress to important goals. we need to fix the economy. to do it, we level the playing field for small business, we invest in infrastructure and we wind the talent race that will allow us to out educate and out nnovate and come up with the industry's of tomorrow. we've got to fix the budget. o do so we need a balanced pproach in the short and

long-term and i hope we will talk about that short-term sequester challenge. the most important thing we have to do is "results over rhetoric." put partisanship over -- substance over soundbites. if i have the honor to serve as senator, i will govern as i did in the past. thank you. >> thank you, governor. governor alan. governor allen: it is good to be with some many neighbors and friends in the fairfax chamber. i remember all of the accomplishments we had, whether it was locating jobs in fairfax or reforming and investing in our schools and colleges and working with leaders in both parties to secure funding for key projects. i also want to thank my friend tim kaine.

we both love virginia and worked really hard to make it better and at a time when so many people in our country feel our country is on the wrong track and politics are so petty, i hope we can have a positive conversation that will inspire all to the ideals that will build a better future. we have talked to thousands of virginians. they want to restore the promise of the american dream. they want to make sure that their children have access to the american dream. they want to reinvigorate the osborne or real spirit of our country so job creators have the confidence and the certainty -- they want as to work together for real solutions. they do not want to use people as upon to demand higher taxes for a budget deal. these are tough times, but out of this adversity, we can create a more confident,

caring, and prosperous america. that is the agenda i look forward to today. >> governors, thank you to both of you. i want to begin by talking about the role of government in virginia and the country. this is a high growth -- high profile race for virginia and the country. governor romney, some remarks that were taped earlier this year, talked about how there is 40% -- 47% of the country that does not pay federal income tax. he says that they believe they are victims, who believe they re entitled to health care free. there are over a million virginians to fall into the category of not paying federal income tax.

what would you do about that? should that change? and what you think more generally about whether too many virginians, too many mericans by extension, are too dependent on government for basic needs in their life. -- in their life? >> i heard the statements. you can say something of the cup he but a deeply disagree with the sentiments expressed by governor romney. do not believe virginians are victims. it is condescending and divisive. the last thing we need to do at this moment is to divide people. we ought to be pulling people together. i think as we talk about these long-term issues, we have to

have shared sacrifice. everybody has to be in the game if we are going to fix our issues. we haven't excellent opportunity to start now. we have an issue on the table -- how do we deal with these year-end budget cuts? rather than divide virginians and americans, let's come together. i have a symbol idea of we can come together. we let the bush tax cuts expire as planned for people making boards than $500,000. we will medicare to get better prices on the script and drugs. we will let subsidies to the big five will companies expire. if we do that, we will have $235 billion in savings over 10 years. we can do that -- david: do you believe everyone in virginia should pay something in federal income tax? governor kane: everyone pays taxes -- david: income taxes? governor kaine: many of the 47% pay a higher percentage of income tax than he does.

david: governor allen, this is the standardbearer of the republican party. he believes that 47% believes they are victims. do you share that fiction -- do you share that vision for america? what would you do about the 47%? governor allen: the best indicator of what people will do the future is what they did in the past. i believe the best social program is a job. i worked with the democratic majority in the legislature. we made virginia more business friendly and over 300,000 net new jobs were created in the rivate sector. one of the other great successes we had was welfare eform. we wanted to lift people out of poverty towards independence and a job.

i remember when in no vote was hiring folks. we had a competition between domino's pizza and pizza hut, who could hire the most folks. a woman said something to the effect of -- what kind of job is this? making pizzas? the owner of the franchise said, how do you think i started? i started delivering pizza. then the mother stood up and said, i think is good for my daughter to see her mother working. that is the do of work. it's a wonderful moment. that is what we should be aspiring to. make sure everybody does have that ability to compete and succeed. i want to see people keep more of what they earn. we need policies that do not increase taxes, but decreased them. tim has a different point of view.

david: right, we are going to get to that in moment. i want to get back, respectfully, to my question. it was very specific. the standardbearer of the public the party said 47% of americans see themselves as victims. i asked you pointedly, do you share that vision of america and what would you do to deal with that 47%? governor allen: as i stated in the beginning to, the best social program is a job. david: do you think half the country sees themselves as victims -- governor allen: no -- david: do you disagree with governor romney on this point? governor allen: i've a different point of view. people still believe in the american dream. our job is to make sure everyone has the opportunity to pursue their dreams. who has created more opportunities?

those folks were down and out. we want to help folks who are able minded, able-bodied. that is one of the great attributes for all americans. they want a government that reflects their values, that gives them an opportunity to be that role model -- david: we will take a moment for rebuttal. governor kaine: i don't think the question of whether you agree with governor romney's tatements is hard. they were very divisive. we are a state that has seen too much divisive politics. one of the things i am proud about about this commonwealth is i see a tremendous effort to

turn our back on the divisive olitics of the past. my wife's her dad as her poking governor integrated public schools -- my wife, her dad as a republican governor integrated public schools because he said it was right to have an aristocracy of merit. that was his inauguration peech. it may have been off the cuff or a gaffe, but the sentiment is one that virginians do not agree with. we can come together. let's prove that we cannot be divisive. let's come together on the most important issue of the day. let's was all the fiscal challenges -- let's resolve the fiscal challenges. >> tonight, we are looking at key moments in the careers of the vice presidential andidates.

mike pence and tim kaine debate each other october 4. this next segment features a portion of senator tim kaine's first floor speech. it focuses on the economic impact of across-the-board spending cuts known as the sequester, enacted as part of a 2011 budget deal. senator kaine: thank you, madam president. it is an honor to speak here as part of my first speech on the enate floor. i am honored to be a part of this body. a normal first speech for a senator is usually a proactive, forward-looking speech. we're not in normal times. a normal first speech usually happens much later after the senator has been around for a number of months. we are not in normal times. a normal first speech for a senator is often in connection

with the introduction of a piece of legislation. e are not in normal times. and so, i'm speaking earlier than i would have thought likely when i took the oath of office on january, but we are not in normal times. the abnormality of times has a huge effect on the commonwealth i am proud to represent. in summer 2011, congress passed a bill we are now talking about, a bill dealing with the equestration cuts of the federal government. there is no precedent that i'm aware of and good rational history for what is about to happen in 48 hours. congress designed a set of punishing, nonstrategic, ugly cuts designed to hurt the economy and individuals, and all -- however they voted on

that bill, did not want those cuts to come into place. for those who voted on the package, they did not want the sequester cuts to occur and believed we would find through compromise and alternative and those who voted against the package largely voted against it because they did not want these cuts to occur. so the abnormality of the times is this. never in my knowledge in the history of this body has congress designed a punishment that would hurt the lives of regular individuals that would hurt the economy it was -- ordered the economy. it was to not -- it was designed with that knowledge fully. nd the effect that the sequester will have on the country and the effect it will have on my commonwealth are so significant and severe that i do feel compelled to speak earlier than i might otherwise have.

and i feel the effects of the cuts on this institution and the credibility of the institution are equally severe. what i want to do is basically two things. i want to talk about the effect on regular people. i'm good you share some stories. i want to talk about short-term impact on these cuts on the broader economy. i want to talk about long-term impacts, impacts we are not necessarily thinking about now, but should cause significant concern. there is a way to avoid this and i want to talk about how we can avoid allowing the self-inflicted wound to occur, and finally, i want to talk about the fact there is an upside in this moment. this is not just about avoiding

egatives, avoiding harming people, hurting the economy. i think there is enough upside for this institution and this nation if we do it right. et me begin with mitral tour i'm a brand-new member of the armed services committee. i sit in a wonderful seat following jim warner and jim webb and i'm no replacement for either of those individuals, but i've got eight shoes to fill. so, i decided to take a tour around my state last week and visit such points in the commonwealth where we interact with our national security. the map of virginia is a map of our national security. appomattox where the civil war ended. the pentagon. we are the most connected state in the military. one in eight virginians is a veteran.

over 100,000 active duty, dod contractors. by the time you add those up, we're probably talking about one in three virginians. so i went to the place where virginians work every day. active duty on any basis. as young officer candidates training in rotc programs. i went around the state. let me tell you what i heard. a few miles from here. 've preeminent institution that treats wounded warriors -- a wounded warrior, still in active service, being treated there. wife sitting right next to them. we talked. and she ventured, let's talk about the furloughs of these dod civilian employees. my husband's nurses are all dod civilians. while sequester protects active duty, it does not help civilians.

in the same round table, another wounded warrior said to me, boy, the economy is really going to suffer if we have the sequester. we will lose jobs. he was a wounded warrior as a reservist, waiting to go back into the civilian workforce. what was i going to mean? is there a hiring freeze, a furlough? this wounded warrior worrying about his economic future. e americans, we virginians, we manufacture the largest items on the planet earth. and what a wonderful example of

american ingenuity. and yet, the workers of that hipyard are asking about the stability of their work and weathered the ships will truly be ready to do the work they need to do. at other private shipyards, the owner said, i have 450 employees. the way the navy plans to deal with sequestration is ramatically reduce maintenance. i am going to issue one notice to tell through to 50 employees they will not have a job. i don't have the business to keep them if the sequestration cuts go through. at a va hospital in richmond,

the ba is protected under the sequester. but they compete with the private sector and they say that this is getting tougher and tougher to do and they do research about dramatic brain injury and that is not protected from sequester -- traumatic brain injury and that is not protected by sequester. that is in jeopardy if the sequester comes to. it's not just military. cuts in head start. the number of at risk children is growing and growing and the number of children total in their classrooms is growing and growing. and then on monday, a number of us were at dulles airport to talk about the sequester on the experience for americans who travel every day with longer lines and higher prices.

this is what virginians were telling me as i went to talk to them, the likely consequences they were going to see in their lives. and again and again, what they said to me was go find a solution. i went to a bluegrass concert on saturday afternoon. i was wearing blue jeans and a corduroy jacket. i was taken an hour off to isten to a set of music. i sat next to a guy who appeared to be act 80 years old. he was a veteran wearing a cap from his navy service and halfway through the set he leaned over to me and he said, i know you are here for music. he said, all i'm going to say is this -- there is nothing you are going to do or not do that will affect my quality of life. i'm fine. but you've got to find a way to

get people to work together and find some deal. so, that is what my citizens were saying on my trip. n every stop, sign a deal. not a single person said protect my job, protect my program, protect my priority by making the cuts in other areas worse. not one person said that. they were asking for a balanced approach where there would be a balance of cuts, but also revenues and we would try to tackle this in a targeted way. >> our special look back at the vice presidential candidates continues with mike pence delivering the indiana state of the state address. he became indiana governor in 2013 after 10 years in the u.s. house of representatives where it you can watch this event in

its entirety on our website, www.c-span.org. governor pence: moments like this should be about the future, but is also important we see how far we have come read last year i told you at this podium we would make job creation job one, we would live within our means, we would improve our schools and cut taxes and thanks to the hard-working people of the state and all of you in this room, we did just what we said we would do, we balanced their budgets, we created jobs. we cut red tape. we improved our schools and roads and we pay down state that. heck, i even put the state plane up for sale. if you know anybody looking far good deal on a beechcraft king air? give me a call. and we came together to give hoosiers the largest state tax

credit -- tax cut in indiana state history. that's something of which we an all be proud. he result? indiana has become a national leader in job growth. last year, hoosiers created more than 47,500 new private sector jobs, and we maintained our triple-a credit rating, one of the few states in the union to do that. and in november, one out of eight jobs created in the united states of america was created by businesses right here in indiana. that is an extraordinary accomplishment for our people. unemployment was 8.6% when i

stood here last year. while it is still too high today, indiana unemployment is now at a five low. since 2009, indiana has the fifth fastest private sector job growth in the united states of america. indiana is on the move because of the people of indiana. and let me say most encouraging to this dad -- indiana's fourth and eighth graders recently showed the second best improvement in america in math and reading scores in fourth grade -- and fourth grade reading proficiency is at an all-time high. that is an accomplishment. we can all be proud. so, we have made progress in obs and schools. but still too many hoosiers are

out of work. our state is lacking behind -- lagging behind in per capita income and health and to make kids and under poor -- underperforming schools. we must remain relentless, bold, and ambitious. that is why last month i traveled throughout the state, from fort wayne to our old state capitol, and i outlined my agenda for 2014. n the time we have remaining i want to share a few highlights. first, we all recognize that low taxes are essential to attracting the kind of investment that will create good paying jobs. and even with our recent progress, i believe one significant impediment to investment remains. it's called the business personal property tax. this is especially damaging

because it's harder for hoosier usinesses to grow because it directly taxes investments they make in equating -- and equipment. let me stay emphatically -- it does not make sense. it looks like our neighboring states figured it out. ohio and illinois do not have a business personal property tax. ohio and michigan just voted to phase there's out. -- tears out. -- theirs out. i want to urge members of both chambers, let's work together to find a responsible way to phase out the business personal property tax. but one word of caution. as we work through this process, let's do it in a way that protects our local governments and does not shift he burden of this business tax on the backs of hard-working hoosiers. i appreciate that both the

house and senate leadership are looking at the business personal property tax and other ways to ensure that indiana has the best tax climate possible. but phasing out the business personal property tax, i believe, will spur new investment by businesses large and small. businesses like a manufacturing startup launched by a marine veteran whose products help support our troops or larger businesses like one started in 1964 to manufacture technical training systems and software for college and industry. today, they employee 143 hoosiers and in 2010 was named indiana outstanding business of the year. these are just two of the kinds of success stories we can see more of with the right kind of ax reform. why don't you join me in

welcoming those two great business stories? they are with us tonight. thanks for making indiana the tate that works. [applause] governor pence: we have to do more than improve our tax code to get this economy moving again. because roads me need jobs -- because roads need jobs we need highway expansion and put hoosiers back to work keeping us as the crossroads of america. and because indiana is agriculture, we need a permanent fix to the soil productivity factor. we need to encourage public and private investment to improve the quality of life in our

cities. that is the indiana way to a growing future. and that way also means standing up to washington, d.c. from time to time. most hoosiers did not like washington intruding on their health care long before it became a reality. now more people know why we were right to stand up to the government on the affordable care act. the sad truth is traditional medicaid is not just broke. it's broken. research shows the program actually is not lead to better ealth outcomes and in some cases, believe it or not, it actually hurts the very people it is supposed to help. one analysis found two thirds of children on medicaid and need to see a specialist

actually couldn't in that program. traditional medicaid is not a system we need to expand. it is a system we need to change. nd i believe the healthy indiana plan is a great place to start. the healthy indiana plan is a consumer driven health care plan that moves people from emergency rooms to primary care and encourages hoosiers to take care of their own health care decisions. we will continue to work in good faith with federal officials to expand access to the healthy indiana plan in our state. but i will oppose -- i will oppose any expansion of our insurance system that condemns vulnerable hoosiers to substandard health care systems n our state.

[applause] of course, the most important aspect for achieving indiana successes although her kids or our schools. if we can't succeed in the classroom, we will not succeed in the marketplace. the good news is indiana schools are succeeding. this year, more than 500 public schools improved a full letter grade or more. indiana has the fastest-growing school choice program in the country. and with strong bipartisan support, we are busy all over the state working to make career and vocational education a priority in every high school in indiana again. we have made great progress in ur schools and working

together we have accomplished a lot. on career education we are expanding curriculum and expanding partnership for regional career education. now while anyone who wants to go to college regardless of where they started life ought to be encouraged to go, we know there are a lot of jobs in indiana that do not require a college degree. these partnerships through our regional works councils will make sure that our schools work for all of our kids, regardless of where they start in life or where they want to start in life. i am proposing legislation that will conduct an investigation and where our career education job -- dollars are spent. and i propose we repurpose dollars to help adult workers get the high wage jobs that are available in indiana today. hoosiers have high expectations when it comes to our schools.

that is why indiana decided to take a time out -- let me be lear, indiana's standards will be uncommonly high and they will be written by hoosiers for hoosiers and be among the best in the nation. that progress i just described earlier is a testament to our kids, to our parents, our teachers, our administrators and it is a testament to the indiana state board of education. join me in thanking every ember of the indiana state board of education you are with s tonight. [applause]

that progress is a testament to our kids and parents and educators and the indiana state board of education. join me in thanking every member of the indiana state board of education you are with us tonight. we appreciate your service for the people of indiana. [applause] i have always said there is nothing about education in indiana that cannot be fixed by giving parents more choices and teachers more freedom to teach. i believe we can start in the area of early childhood development. because every child deserves to start school ready to learn.

believe the time has come for a voluntary pre-k program to help indiana's disadvantaged kids. [applause] i'll always believe the best pre-k program is a prosperous family that can provide the kind of enrichment in the home that the child needs and deserves. that is just not the case for too many children. it is important that this rogram be voluntary. it is important that this program be available in the form of a voucher as well. i want parents to be able to send their child to a program they think will best meet their needs. but i urge you, let's come together. let's work across party lines, on behalf of our children and

their future, let's open the doors of opportunity for quality pre-k education in indiana this year. another way to give parents more choices is to expand the availability of public charter schools. charters give several advantages. we need to level the playing field and give the same flexibility and at the same ime we should make sure that unused or underutilized -- public school buildings can be put to usually charters or other schools that need them. hoice matters. but at the end of the day, every hoosier nose. a good teacher makes all of the

difference. [applause] you know, we can all think of a teacher who changed our lives, someone who is on our mind ight now, someone who sought more interest than we saw in ourselves. i think of sister rachel, i think of mrs. fisher and others who touched my life. but too often we do not invest enough in our teachers and allow them to lead as reformers. after all, they dedicated their lives to education. that is why i believe we need a teacher innovation fund to help teachers trying to find new ways to teach our kids, innovative features like steve parkins -- steve perkins, whose enthusiasm has ignited a thirst for classical education in that school and got him named the 014 teacher of the year. mr. perkins and his family are

here with us tonight. and with all the talk about parental choice, i believe teachers deserve more choices, too. any public school teacher who feels called to serve and a low performing school should have some compensation protected if they are ready to make that ove. let's let our teachers follow their hearts and go where they think they could make the most difference. on the subject of marriage -- should have some of their compensation protected if they are willing to make that move. let us let our teachers follow their hearts and go where they

think they can make the most difference. now, on the subject of marriage - i know we are in the midst of a debate over whether indiana should join 30 other states that have redefined marriage. ach of us have our own perspective on this matter. from my part, i believe in traditional marriage and i have long held the view that the people rather than unelected judges should decide matters of such great consequence in our society. reasonable people can differ and there are good people on both sides of this debate. let me say from my heart -- no one, no one on either side of this debate deserves to be disparaged or maligned because of who they are or what they believe. let us have a debate worthy of our people, with civility and

respect. let us protect the rights of hoosier employers. let us resolve this issue, this year once and for all. after that is over, let us come together to support every hoosier family. one way we can do that is by helping working families with their family budgets. did you know that our tax deductions for dependents in indiana have not increased since 1978 even though the cost of living has increased 3.8 times. it is time to end the hidden tax on working families in indiana. and let us also remember that families come together in many different ways. like the family of karen sauer. karen is a single mother who felt called to become a parent and by adoption. she adopted her two kids when they were 11 and 12 years old after they had spent many years in foster care. karen says people are always telling her that she is

changing those kids' lives and she is always quick to say that they are changing mine. would you join me in welcoming a great indiana family to the people's house tonight, karen and the kids to the indiana house. you are an inspiration to us all. [applause] adoption is a beautiful way for amilies to come together forever and we can better support families like karen's by expanding and improving adoption in indiana. we can improve the way that we place children in foster care and we can support every parent willing to adopt a child into their loving home.

we can do nothing less than make indiana the most pro-adoption state in the united states of america. >> more now from mike pence's time as governor of indiana. in march of 2015, the indianapolis star ran a full page headline "fix this now" in reference to a state law making it easier for businesses and individuals to discriminate against people because of their gender. responding to widespread criticism, governor pence called on the state legislature to add language protecting lgbt rights. here he is addressing the issue before reporters. gov. pence: thank you all for coming. it has been a tough week in the hoosier state. but we are going to move forward. as governor i have the great privilege of serving the greatest people on earth, the people of indiana. let me say first and foremost, i was proud to sign the religious freedom restoration act last week.

i believe religious liberty as president clinton said when he igned the federal law in 1993, i believe religious liberty is our first freedom. and it is vital. it is vital to millions of americans who cherish faith as i and my family do. but it is also vital to the framework of freedom in our nation. this legislation was designed to ensure the vitality of religious liberty in the hoosier state. hoosier citizens have the right to the same protections. learly, clearly there has been misunderstanding and confusion and mischaracterization of this law. and i come before you today to say how we are going to address

that. we have been working over the last several days, literally around the clock. and talking to people across the state of indiana, talking to business leaders and organizations around the country who have spent time in indiana and enjoyed the hospitality of the people of indiana and we have been listening. but let me say first and foremost, as i have said to each one of them, the religious freedom restoration act was about religious liberty. not about discrimination. as i said last week, had this law been about legalizing discrimination, i would have vetoed it. this law does not give anyone a license to discriminate. the religious freedom restoration act in indiana does not give anyone the right to deny services. to anyone in the state. it is simply a balancing test used by federal courts and jurisdictions across the

country for more than two decades. let me say on the subject of the bill itself -- i do not believe for a minute that it was the intention of the general assembly to create a license to discriminate, or a right to deny services to gays, lesbians, or anyone else in the state. and it was not my intent. that has become the perception, not just here in indiana, but all across the country and we need to confront that and confronted boldly in a way that respects the interest of all involved. a personal reflection for a moment if i can. i have poor discrimination. was like was raised most of you, with the golden

rule, that you should do unto others as you would have them do and i believe in my heart of hearts that no one should be harassed or mistreated because of who they are, who they love, or what they believe. hoosierlieve every shares that conviction. but as i said, we have a perception problem here because some people have a different view. and we intend to correct that. reflection and in consultation with the leadership of the general assembly, i have to believe it would be thatul to move legislation makes it clear that this law does not give anyone the right to deny services to anyone.

let me say that again. i think it would be helpful and i would like to see on my desk by the end of this week legislation that is added to the religious freedom restoration act in indiana that makes it this law does not the right to deny services to anyone. we want to make it clear that hoosier hospitality is not just a slogan. it is our way of life. the reason people come here from around the world and they come back again and again and again. because hoosiers of the most generous people in the world. i would say this is a clarification, but it is a fix, a fix of a bill that through mischaracterization has come to and iatly misunderstood

am determined to move forward as a state and i know we will. indiana has come under the harsh glare of criticism from around the country. and some of us get paid to be under that harsh glare and that criticism, so we don't complain about it. but the things that have been said about our state, have been at times deeply offensive to me. and i will continue to use every effort to defend the good and decent people of indiana. i think it is important that we take this action this week. i have spoken to legislative leaders all the way through the last hour and we are going to be working to make that happen.

the final portion of our special program on the careers of the vice presidential candidates features remarks on the senate floor by tim kaine. the speech took place shortly after president obama began escalating military operations against isis in the middle east. senator kaine expresses support for the president, but also calls on congress to pass a new authorization of military force that deal specifically with the fight against isis. president, we mr. are a nation of laws, but of values. urge the president to seek congressional approval to defeat isil. i do so for to get reasons. i do not believe the president has the authority to "go on without and wage war congressional approval. and second, in making the momentous decision to authorize military action, we owe it to

the troops who risk their lives to do our job and reach a consensus supporting the military mission they are ordered to complete. let me first deal would the legal issue. the constitution is clear. it is the job of congress, not war.resident to declare some parts of the constitution are vague and open to interpretation. cruel and unusual punishment question mark some parts of the cost solution are clear. you have to be 35 years old to be president. the power to declare war is a clear and specific hour. the clear wording of because constitution is additionally eliminated by the riding of the principal drafter, james madison. jefferson, to madison explained the war powers clause. "our constitution supposes what the history of all governments

demonstrate -- that the executive is the branch most interested in war and most prone to it, it has accordingly the care of the declaration of war in the legislature." so the president must seek presidential approval. the president can take actions from eminentrica threats. they understood that. but even in those instances, the forident should return authorization. recess, congressional president obama began a new military action against isil. he has indicated the military action may continue for an extended time. he has stated that it is evolving from a narrow effort to totect americans from threat

degrade the ability of isil to harm. this is precisely the kind of situation that calls for congressional action and approval. some have asserted, mr. president, that the administration need not seek congressional approval for a campaign of airstrikes. calmly and respectfully, i deeply disagree with that assertion. the president pro article to power allows him to defend america from threat, but it does not allow him to wage war without the authorization of congress. the 2002 authorization crafted by president bush and congress limits the ability to go after the perpetrator of the 9/11 attacks. isil is not a 9/11 perpetrator. it did not form until 20 of three. broadert bush sought a amf at that time. had congress approved that, it

would have been granted, but congress explicitly rejected giving the president the power to wage preemptive war against unnamed terrorist organizations without additional congressional approval. any effort to justify going after isil with reference to the go in the face of the congress rejection of the declaration of war doctrine. americans left iraq in 2011 and the administration testified recently before the senate that is obsolete and should be repealed. it provides no support for military action against ifo. there is no treaty of proactive defense that would justify the president commencing military action against isil. the iraqi government has asked for our help, which solves international law sovereign to questions, but that does not create its own the mystic legal

justification. and finally, the 1973 war powers justification creates timing rules for congressional response in matters of war. viewed asely been unconstitutional for a variety of reasons. basics not change the costa to shuttle framework investing the declaration of war in the legislative branch. lessieve the reluctance is due to legal analysis of broad executive power than to a general attitude held by all presidents like coming to congress on a question like this is too cumbersome and unpredictable. and that attitude is shared on seehill by some who questions of military action as

politically explosive and best avoided if at all possible. the president and my colleagues to resist the understandable temptation to cut corners on this process. there is no more important business done in the halls of congress them weighing whether harm's members and to way. if we have learned nothing else in the last 14 years, we should have learned that. coming to congress is challenging, but the framers designed it to be that way. days aftern the 9/11, president bush brought to congress a request for military action. andruins of the pentagon the world trade center were still smoking. certainly the american public strong andsupported immediate executive action, but president bush knew the nation would be stronger if he came to congress to seek authority.

similarly, president bush came to congress before initiating military action in iraq. it is important to remember it was not unilateral executive decision. congress voted to support the mission. i believe it would be a grievous mistake to evolve a new strategy of taking prolonged military action without bothering to seek congressional approval and i worry about the precedent it would create for future presidents. as president obama said last year when announcing he would -- this is nots about who occupies the power at any given -- the opposite any

given time. it is about who we are as a country. president, i focus my remarks on the legal reason for the president to engage congress on any plan to defeat isil. let me conclude by offering an additional reason, even at more important reason about why the president and congress should work together to craft a suitable mission for this important effort. when we engage in military at -- action, we ask our troops to risk their lives and their health, physical and mental. of course, we pray for their success, butty and let's be realistic enough to acknowledge some may die or be injured or be captured or see the things happen to their comrades in arms. even those who come down physically safe may see or do things in war that will affect them for the rest of their lives

. waiting lines of people for v.a. appointments today or hoping to have their v.a. disability benefit claims adjudicated are proof of this. in short, mr. president, during a time of war, we ask our troops to give their best even to the point of sacrificing their own lives. when compared against that, how much of a sacrifice is it for a president to engage in a possibly contentious debate with congress over whether military force is a good idea? how difficult is it? way theional members political cost of military action, but our service members bear the human cost of those decisions and if we choose to avoid accountability, avoid