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evy p deo atvery kid ge aor-classduti. i want us to bring back technical educatioinig school. thk it w a miskehewe okt out o hh schl. is thats remember community colleges like this, that thousands and thousands of people in our country of all ages get such a good start. and i am going to make public universities tuition-free for any families making less than $125,000 a year. edatn ou lt you up, t hold you back. wl lpouayacan pado yr an toma yngeoe are buen bthe. bt

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to reseah. and wi the receneventsn the ws, i knew couldind inrmation on that and tt woul also lp me fire out at pois i wantedo say out iand how to fo the ouine fomy piece. i did n take very meodical appach tohe procs. is ally a pross of rewoing anreworking. as i wasrying to come up wh my aual th i was doi resear at thsame time d i wacoming u with moredeas of what i cou fail. --f what could fil bout wld do resech netopics thacame up. u keep goi untilou finally get your finhed projec >> thiyear'theme your messe to washiton, d.c. what is the st urgt issue for the prident d congress

to addre in 2016. our competion is open to middle schl and gh school studts. students c woralone in a group of to the to oduce a 5-7 mite documtary othe issue selecd. incle some-span progmming d also provi count opinio. erand pze o$5,000ill goo the sdent 1with the best overa entry s january's deadli 20, 2017 mark your calears andelp uspread theord to stunt filmmakers. for more information, go to our website -- studentcam.org. ashton carter held a press conference with his counterpart from south korea. secretary carter emphasized the u.s. commitment to defend south korea in the event of an attack from the north.

from the pen again -- from the pentagon on thursday. this is a half hour. secretary of defense ash carter: good morning, everyone. thank you for being here. it's been my privilege to host korean minister of national defense han min koo here for what is the 48th u.s.-republic of korea security consultative meeting. these meetings are valuable opportunities for our nations to come together to address shared security challenges. and i want to thank minister han for his continued leadership. this is the sixth time that we've met. i want to thank him for his friendship. i admire him for his steadiness as he and i have planned our response together during some difficult moments of north korean

provocation. and while we sometimes need to be on the phone together in the middle of the night formulating our strong responses to north korean provocations, it's a pleasure to see him in person for a longer and deeper discussion. always good to see you. today's productive discussions will help ensure the u.s.-korea alliance remains the linchpin of regional security and stability. for over 60 years, we've built this strategic alliance based on common values, shared interests, and mutual trust. and we've stood together to ensure peace and prosperity in the asia-pacific. but as that consequential and dynamic region changes and as threats evolve, so too does our alliance. so this week, we discussed how we can better address three issues: ensuring deterrence on the korean peninsula; opening new frontiers

of cooperation in our alliance; and expanding the global role of our alliance. first, we discussed the continued threat from north korea. indeed, north korea's nuclear tests and ballistic missile launches, like the one that failed last evening, threaten the stability of the korean peninsula and the broader asia-pacific region. as with previous tests, we strongly condemn last night's attempt, which even in failing, violated several u.n. security council resolutions, and affirm that this latest provocation only strengthens our resolve to work together with our republic of korea allies to maintain stability on the peninsula. indeed, the united states remains committed to defending our allies against any threat with the full spectrum of american military might. that's why we're adapting our force structure on the peninsula, most recently by agreeing as allies

to deploy thaad to defend against north korean missile threats. and that's why we're ensuring we remain ready to, as we say, "fight tonight." and we're working together to achieve a conditions-based transfer of wartime operational control. and that's why the united states is reaffirming its ironclad commitment to defend south korea with our extended deterrence capabilities. we agreed yesterday to establish the extended deterrent strategy and consultation group through which we will discuss further steps we can take. make no mistake, any attack on america or our allies will not only be defeated, but any use of nuclear weapons will be met with an overwhelming and effective response. second, just as we've recommitted ourselves to ensuring peace and stability on

the korean peninsula and throughout the region, we're also capitalizing on new opportunities for cooperation at sea and in new domains like cyberspace. we're examining ways that our two navies can better cooperate on maritime security. we're also pleased that the u.s.-rok cyber cooperation working group is helping to synchronize and enhance cyber efforts within our alliance. and, as i described at the shangri-la dialogue this spring and affirmed in san diego last month, we're working together with our allies and partners across the asia-pacific to continue to build a principled and inclusive security network and to undergird that network with a new phase of the u.s. rebalance to the asia-pacific. minister han and the republic of korea are leading the way, especially with the growing trilateral defense cooperation between the republic of korea, japan and the united states.

just last week, chairman dunford hosted his counterpart to discuss the north korean threat, and i'm certain our trilateral cooperation will grow in the years ahead. and third, beyond the asia-pacific, we discussed how our alliance can make a better world. i commend korea's active contributions to global security, including its financial assistance to afghanistan, its support for peace keeping in south sudan and its contributions to the coalition to deliver isil a certain and lasting defeat. time and again, the republic of korea has proven to be a relile andapable prodeof ob sury.anw'll ntueo rkoghein mo ws d me ac arndheor. ase oko e tu, 'll ntueo unonhi maab aiae.w've ug tetr,e' rebui toth. ndod wcoro

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responsible for launching nuclear weapons to do so. i want to ask you not about that. i do want to ask you, is it classified to discuss nuclear launch timeframes? it's either classified or it's not. and my second question to both of you is cia director john brennan has now openly, publicly talked on camera about his concerns that north korea could try some destabilizing move during the transition in power in the united states irrespective of who wins. secretary brennan says it's something that the new team and the current team is looking at very closely and will need to be able to address. for both of you, what are your concerns that north korea may attempt a destabilizing action during the u.s. transfer of power? sec. carter: well, if i can take that second part first and i'm sorry but i'm not going to

answer your first part because it is cast in terms of the ongoing presidential campaign and i said repeatedly i'm not going to answer questions in that context. so, not going to answer on that one. with respect to provocations from north korea, i'll say it and then let minister han say we remain concerned about that as an alliance, irrespective of where the united states is in its election cycle. kim jong un is unpredictable. he is prone to provocations. and one of the things we talked about today is our counter-provocation planning, our counter-provocation consultation. every time that occurs, barbara, mr. han and i are on the phone. as necessary, our two presidents are on the phone to coordinate our response.

and i'll just close by saying that this -- i mentioned that this was the 48th scm. this is an alliance that's been going on for six decades. and i expect it to go on for decades to come, unless north korea fundamentally changes its behavior and the circumstance on the korean peninsula changes. you don't see any sign of that now, and that's why the united states and south korea are redoubling their efforts. >> well do you, sir, with respect, have concern? do you agree with the cia director that there are concerns, irrespective of who wins the election -- that's not the issue -- that just simply during a transition of power in the united states, during this timeframe, north korea may attempt a destabilizing action? sec. carter: well, that may be, but the point i was making was even broader than that. i think irrespective of where the united states is in its election cycle, we're very concerned about the possibility of north korean

provocations. they've conducted them in the past. we're constantly assessing the disposition of their forces. and minister han and i constantly, and in the last two days of meeting together, discussed both our plans for that kind of circumstance and our close consultative mechanism, which we've had to exercise a number of times in recent years. so, this is an abiding concern of the alliance, these provocations. minister? min. han (through translator): i think secretary carter should answer most of the questions. but regarding the question regarding north korea, i'll give you a little -- the position of our ministry. north korea, as you well know,

is an unstable regime. and its leadership acts upon suspicious situations. concerning north korea's nuclear missile threats, we believe we need to change the calculus of north korea to respond to such aforementioned threats. as an extension of applying pressure and sanctions through psychological operations, we intend to expose north korea to the realities of the outside world. mr. cook: and our final

question is from kbs. mr. kim. [through translator]: secretary carter and minister han, i know you've got a very busy meeting. i'll have one question for each of you. i know naval cooperation was a key point in your discussion. i'd like to know the background on which naval cooperation in particular, of all the service branches, was emphasized. although it's not confirmed, there are reports that north korea has a submarine that could load multiple slbms. and i just wanted to know if such developments have been reflected in emphasizing naval cooperation in this scm. and for you, secretary carter,

on the issue of naval cooperation, general brooks in particular has emphasized the need for maritime-based interception capabilities in korea. there is speculation as to whether korea will introduce sm3. now, thaad deployment in korea was very much a controversy domestically. i foresee that sm3 might enjoy the same controversy domestically. what are your thoughts on this issue? min. han [through translator]: for your first question, naval cooperation, and the emphasis on naval cooperation. as you've pointed out, it's a response to

north korea's slbm threats. and this has raised the need for cooperation between our two navies, and has addressed the need that this cooperation must be enhanced and advanced further more in the future. and such background is the important reason on which naval cooperation is a key talking point in this scm. in regards to trilateral cooperation, we believe this, too, must be strengthened in the future. concerning a new submarine that you mentioned, it has not been confirmed. but we're not ruling out the possibility. and we're making preparations for any potential circumstance that we may face. sec. carter: well, i would just concur with what minister han just said on the naval front.

and i can add also that there are a number of ways in which naval cooperation can strengthen the alliance in general and the ability to respond to provocations and to conflict. so naval cooperation is very important, even as we have great cooperation already in our navies and in the air and on land, and as i mentioned, expanding into cyberspace. with respect to missile defense and thaad, the purpose there is very simple. everyone can see that north korea is determined to try to expand its missile threat to the peninsula, to the region, and to the united states. and our missile defenses are necessary to protect our people. that's the purpose of thaad and any other

missile defenses that we develop or deploy together. this is a threat we need to stay a step ahead of. and that's why we're making the deployments we are doing as an alliance. and that's why the alliance has taken the decision to deploy thaad. mr. cook: thank you, everybody. sec. carter: thanks, everybody. up in anou grow environment like i did, it you need people to play a role in your life. i had my grandma and grandpa and my sister and this is the story in how they impacted my life. q&a, andg it, on author talks about growing up in a poor, white family with roots in appalachia. a clear is now

connection in my mind between education and opportunities. even the people who did not -- who did well in school did not make a lot of themselves. there were not good opportunities. it was hard to believe that school really mattered that much. >> sunday night at 8:00 p.m. eastern on c-span's q&a. >> sunday night at 9:00 p.m. eastern on afterwards, she talks about her life and experiences in the u.s. as an documeed immiantn herook "my derground americanre: mice ."y ue sry shis interew. hina littleir n yo pen wh u d ly ei tmnlevy w mohsyofe le eyre raer bause when would e pen, eyould ce

beinresencan when i sid emn e s., itas mm vatn. w aery diert perien tn viarts o e thou eve sgle da >> afterwards, sunday night 9:00 p.m. stern on bk tv. to book tv.org for the complete weekend schedule. a signature feature of the tv on c-span2 is our coverage of book festivals from around the country. today, we are live in wisconsin in madison. they give the public the opportunities to meet favorite authors, discover new books, and have them signed. featured authors include several finalists including the author of "nothing ever dies." author onr

segregation. and an author of "a way to the spring: life and death in palestine." on otherinformation upcoming events, go to book tv.org. >> a bipartisan panel recently discussed how race relations have changed during presidents -- during president obama's presidency. this 90 minute discussion was part of a conference at the harvard kennedy school of government in cambridge, massachusetts. the moderator for our next and final panel. timesa new york

best-selling author. books have been nominated for literary awards. it also won the american library association stonewall award in 2013. educated at dartmouth and hard word, -- harvard, he attended school with president barack obama. he was once he highest ranked openly gay person in the white house. he participated in the first ever meeting between a sitting president and members of the lgbt community. onhas been involved progressive causes. he is a veteran of six political campaigns including two presidential campaigns and was named one of the top instructors when he worked at american university.

he is currently a cnbc columnist. and b et there is a lot here. one more thing. i think it is important. firsta founder and president of the national black justice coalition. he has spoke to audiences large and small. he delivered a landmark speech to 200,000 people. on the eighthech epidemic -- aids epidemic. : thank you, i was definitely not expecting that. we are going to discuss race in after obama for the final panel discussion. we are blessed do this a little differently. i think you had a chance to meet almost all of the panelists before. i am going to throw out some

questions and move along as quickly as we can. answers that are concise. allow for opportunity for conversation with the audience here as well. i want to begin, i'm not going to read everyone's bios, just a briefs and obsessed. i'm going to begin with mary frances berry. we have a hundred days left in the obama administration. after that, we will have president trump or president clinton. what should the agenda before the next president in terms of issues of race and social justice? mary: first you have to read my entire bio.

keith: first we have to get your microphone working. mary: then you can read my entire file. then i will answer the question. seriously, when michael was talking, i was thinking, it made me sad what he said. he was so full. one of the books i read, i'm not going to tell you which one it was, five dollars and a pork chop sandwich. vote buying and the corruption of american democracy. thats about people who say they have been waiting for politicians to do what they say they are going to do when they run for election and come around each year, generating turnout for every election, both state and local, and make all these

promises. ms. williams said, they never do what they say they are going to do. they tell you they are going to do this and do that. put a roof on the school. say never ever do what they they are going to do. some of them don't even try to do. at least every year, when they take me to vote, they bring me back and give me five dollars rk chop sandwich, so at least i know i'm going to get that. what i think obama, and i have to explain, what you can do so you can get something done. essentialotest is an ingredient of politics. i have written that someplace, too. focus just one

politics and what can happen after obama and so on, what can happen with clinton, if we are not prepared to bring pressure to bear and all we are prepared , frederick recite douglass said power concedes nothing without demand, and we do not demand, we will get nothing. view, whoever comes after obama is going to have to try to overcome that polarization in order to get some policy done. the reason why it has happened, not just him. he has not been able to figure out a way to do what michael said about the rest states, blue states, and all of that stuff that people thought was so all of that stuff. and it is beautiful, what he said. obama has been very effective at trying to balance some issues of

and, like police shootings the role of the holy spirit -- of the police. he has helped other issues like gtq positions.d lb i favor the position, but that is not my point. all of these disaffected people, , will remaine disaffected because the way they feel they have been treated is we do not even want to hear what you have got to say because there is some way to discuss outside the realm of the discussion, and we do not want to have anything to do with you, heck with you. when you do that, all you do is harden positions with people. you do not have to agree with

them, but you can at least say, you may have a point about x, hey, let's talk about y. so polarization of the main problem. the issues are clear. obamacare needs to be fixed. that will require less polarization. immigration, if we are going to get reform, has got to be fixed, and that will require less polarization. and some millionaire or some way to make people feel at least that they are being accommodated. there has got to be some middle way, we do not want terrorism, -- police same time, issues, black people, young people especially, are not going to stand aside and continue to see these people getting killed

without doing anything, and i am proud of them, because i have been trying to pass the baton for 30 years. i think what he has left to his successor is capitalism is intact, but we have still got all of this inequality, but they probably teach here at the kennedy school that capitalism requires inequality. that is part of the definition. so the point is -- how much inequality, and what can you do about it? so he left that, but he left a can example, too, how you frame the presidency so you can look like somebody who can be in the office, and if anybody black or latino comes along and wants to be president, people will not say, "oh, we can never have anybody like that be president." >> thank you very much, mary.

charles, you heard now from mary frances berry on the agenda that she put out there, she mentioned fixing obamacare, immigration, the refugee policy and policing. would you agree with those issues, and what approach would you like to see in the next president taking on those issues and one other issues adding to the agenda? charles: i agree with a number of them. obviously on the refugee policy. this is something we have not seen in quite a long time, --sibly since most of it milosevich and rwanda. we have the capacity to take the obviously we have got to

get refugee policy right, health there is aicate, huge political polarization to get anything done. hisident obama, and if successor is president clinton, as i believe it will be, will have to figure out how to make fixes that congress does not want to prove, which i think is a misguided position. to your finer point, all of the berry brought up are clearly agenda items. the one i would ask you, i want to talk about poverty. -- policy. neither candidate, frankly and of the issues one that does not get very much discussion on the national level the cost of living,

affordability of our cities and where folks live, you know. back in the 1970's, mitt romney's father, george romney, was the secretary. hud secretary. romney had this pretty visionary are the of using federal dollars localoint to get municipalities, states, and desegregation, and to rollback zoning policy, and allow all to have a variety of public policy challenges by way of local ordinances and municipal qualities around limiting the housing stock, run ,imiting height of buildings and all of these "then the eight my backyard" issues, allowing economic diversity to a

neighborhood. there is a large body of research about poverty as its own sort of issues, but as robert putnam here as well as others are here to talk about poverty, but an added issue, of thece multipliers concentration of poverty cared how do you break up concentrations of poverty? i look at the example of mount laurel where they're having this create economic diversity of a neighborhood. it affects everybody there. it is also about organizing up a local level, cities and states, that every major city has a homeless problem appeared every major city has gentrification, the working poor.

every service sector industries as every industry in america has been pushed further and further out because the cities are unaffordable. there are all sorts of ways to be involved in this. for a numberhud, of years now, has been doing an idea of mobility vouchers to deal with the concentration of poverty, to break up those concentrations by moving folks out into neighborhoods with a different per capital income, where the schools are better, where the crime rate is different, and you break of things, and it becomes an economic benefit for everybody up and down the income scale because you get the social talkingwhether we are about schools, parks, neighborhoods, shared resources, having folks living in a neighborhood in having to share resources with folks who do not look like them, who come from different backgrounds than them, who have different incomes, you get all different sorts of -- low income folks have access to

networks that they otherwise would not have. resources where we are talking about libraries, transportation resources. that is the mary of -- that is the major area of poverty. i think it has been under addressed, and it is a fruitful area that if a president wanted to tackle, they could and should. keith: thank you very much, charles. i want to find out from you six items on the agenda, four from mary frances berry, two from charles badger, your thoughts on the agenda, and how would you approach it? >> first of all, i want to thank the ash center for having me.

we can talk a lot about the policy agenda, and i think i would agree with almost everything that has been set on that front. i would like to take a step can allat because we put our heads together, we are all smoke -- smart people, and come up with all kinds of policies we would like to see thenext president sign and next congress pass, but none of that matters unless there is broad public support for those initiatives that allow you to get through the house of representatives, 60 votes in the senate, and the president to sign it. to me, the biggest problem, the biggest hurdle we have to overcome is not that we don't have ideas to address a problem -- there is a degree to which we need better ideas, i do think that is true, particularly when it comes to addressing poverty. i think simple redistribution has not worked. we actually have to do a better job of making sure that we can find jobs for people, wayne to improve economically, improve

communities, and we have got to do a lot about criminal justice to make sure people are not taken out of their communities, but the bigger problem, macro problem to me is segregation. i do not just mean segregation in the sense of black and white, i mean the economic and social science terms of segregation. ideologically, where conservatives and liberals live are completely segregated from each other. the fact that you have these rural communities that are much more homogenous, and you have suburban communities that are much more diverse, that leads to a different cultural outlook. partisan affiliations are so segregated. we have more and more people, wealthy and poor people living in very to segregated areas. college-educated individuals and non-college-educated individuals are geographically segregated from each other. and that has led to basically two different countries living kind of simultaneously within each other and interspersed with each other and inter-collated with each other in ways that

have -- i think that is the dominant reason we have the polarization that we have in america, the fact that we were talking a little bit about this throughout the day and also last night, you know, one of the big problems on criminal justice is not that the ideas are not good -- the ideas make perfect sense -- the challenge is that you have a large group of people out there who is like i'm a hey come i have never had a bad interaction with the police. this whole thing is made up. experience.my it is all politically correct exaggeration. there is a lack of empathy you can accuse them of in some kind. them of. in some cases, it is racism. others they just do not know anyone who has that experience, and they do not have the ability empathize and relate to it because it is not part of their life. and vice versa, by the way.

i think there are a lot of people in the urban idealigentsia who have no what it is like to live on a farm in kansas, and people who live in those communities feel like people on television and people in hollywood have no sense of how they live and the struggles they face. they are told that they are privileged, that i have white privilege. what privilege do you see in my community? i do not see any. that is part of the challenge, ecosystem on the right that tries to build common ground with progresses and people in the center on issues we all care about. i think that has been a big challenge for both sides.

actually create these mechanisms where we are learning from each other. one thing i have benefited so much from, i spent a lot of time on msnbc. as one of their token conservatives, i guess. the advantage of that for me, it has been tremendous. lotas allowed me to learn a about the thoughtful people who are bringing up issues of real gravity on the left that the right is not talking about. i have learned from that and brought some of those concerns and issues to the right. others have, too. a big part, in general, macro theme of what i am trying to do, assemble the ecosystem of institutions that are liberty minded and doing this kind of work. about social mobility and economic mobility and poverty. addressing the historic legacy of slavery and segregation. bring them together to build a

new conservative movement that is not merely stating it is about opportunity for all but actually executing on that. keith: thank you, i want to follow up. i will interject, i had an experience as a token liberal on not quite haved the same revelatory results. we will move on, here. rissa, we have heard three different points of view. i would like you to add your point of view and perspective. what issues would you like to see on the agenda that have not been mentioned? or what you want to second others have mentioned? on the policy agenda, mostly seconding. we are very much focused on

domestic policy, not because foreign policy is not important but that is what we are focused on here. a serious policy intervention on jobs. as you mentioned earlier, one that is targeted to the communities that need those jobs more than anywhere else. athink that is going to cover number of different communities. it needs to be targeted and real. criminal justice reform, which for me also includes policing. also immigration. immigration reform. because it is important for immigration policy, but because it is having impact on the civil rights of any that doesn't look american, whatever the notion of looking american is.

i do want to go to the point you made. those are the policy priorities. who gets elected in november matters a great deal, the reality is regardless of who gets elected, whether it is the democratic i'll or republican aisle, we need a cleanup on aisle three. civil society. i totally agree what we are seeing, we need to figure out how we are going to strengthen the civil society to up the game on accountability and delivery. folks have talked about how politicians come around when they are up for election and you do not see them again. the only people who win on election day are the candidates who have the more votes. for communities to win and the country to win, we need to be there the day after and hold them accountable. also, to have their back when

they try to stretch themselves to work with the other side, whoever the other side is. without the ability to work toward agreement, there is no governing. state of politics where agreement has almost become a quilt and with treason. equivalent to treason. there is no upside for people to try to deliberate and get to something. we need all of us to pressure on the outside so those agreements do capture the aspirations of the vast majority of americans. the reality is, we are not necessarily rewarding problem-solving. that is a big issue for all of us in terms of how we engage. segregation, in all

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