i did a little bit of survey, what do people want and it turned out what they wanted was a frozen yogurt machine. [laughter] machine a frozen yogurt for the supreme court cafeteria and i do really feel that i can write a lot of opinions in all opinion -- very important. i am the frozen yogurt justice. [applause] justice williams: according to another buddy of yours, justice ruth bader ginsburg, you also [indiscernible] in cross step. justice kagan: we share a trainer. i am not a huge then of exercise, all right? i find a lot of exercise kind of

boring, but the trainer has gotten me into boxing and kickboxing. which is fantastic. i love doing this. justice williams: and you still play basketball. justice kagan: right. last week, i went down to louisville, kentucky at the lawersity of louisville's school. the thing that the town of louisville is most famous for is t is -- it is mohammed ali's city. i did some events at the law school. they gave me a gift at the end, it was the best gift i have ever gotten. they went to the mohammed ali museum and the gummy boxing gloves. so now i have mohammed ali boxing gloves. up our our -- our

hour, we can only do what we can do. we covered the gist of most of them. i wanted to know what your final words would be, not final final -- a poor word choice. what comment would you like to leave, what would you like to say to >> what comment you like to leave? >> i said so much. come on. there's no more you want to say about them and -- what do legacy to be? >> oh gosh, i would leave that other people. legacy to they historians and writers.

what's important for me as i think about this job everyday, give my all to it that i work as hard as i can. every try to make sure in right.at i've gotten it case. plumed every the thing to do is to just work hard and to set high standards for yourself in terms your work.of as i said earlier, my career has

jumping around a lot and doing jobs sort of five year stretches. thinking about how to do a job or three or however decades. it's really different kind of experience. one of the things justice stevens said, he said, that year, he really focused on the things that he waslearning that year. he was learning new things. maybe he was learning new areas of law. skills.earning new there was always a way to keep learning. you done for that a long time. i think that's incredibly important. which i try to think about all the time. one of the reasons i'm sort of of my colleagues. is that they have have been on of years.for a lot they're still thinking hard

case.every i think that everybody on the court does that. even people who have been there really quite a long time. i'm a huge fan for that reason too. nobody there that's on auto pilot. timeght be that 23rd that i've seen this issue. i'm going to think through this i did the first time. i said that she talked justice kagan, she talked parents. she said that her parents memory remind her everyday of the impact public service can have. prayed everyday that she would live up to the example they set. thatnk we can all agree she has exceeded that example. up to theire lived expectations.

that you have had a huge impact and educationice for this generation and the next. >> thank you very much. much for being with us. [applause]

president obama is in colors today campaign -- florida for hillary clinton in orlando at the university of central florida. that's live on c-span 2 beginning at 5:50 eastern. brings you more debates this week from key u.s. house, senate and governor's races. at 8:00 eastern on c-span. the georgia senate debate between republican senator isakson, jim barksdale and alan buckley. just before 9:00 democratic nolan andn rick republican stewart mills debate from minnesota eighth district seat. at 9:30 a debate for colorado congressional district between mike coffman and democrat morgan carol. night the pennsylvania debate between republican

senator pat toomey. followed at 11:00, republican congressman trey gowdy debate in the south carolina fourth district race. midnight on c-span, the north carolina governor's debate pathen republican governor mccory, democrat roy cooper. day, watchlection key debates from house, senate and governor's races on the networks. thean.org and listen on app.n radio >> in the georgia u.s. senate isakson, democrat allen buckleyand met for their only debate on tax policy, national debt, and whether or not there should be term limits congress. of >> 2016 atlanta press club young

debate. brought to you from the studios of georgia public broadcasting. statese for united senate. >> good evening everyone. atlanta press young debatelk series. this is the debate among the candidates for united states senate. let's meet the candidates. order.e in alphabetical jim barksdale a small business owner. allen buckley is a georgia attorney and cpa working in business and administrative law. and johnny isakson has been a senator fors georgia since 2005. representedhe congressional district from 1999 to 2005.

let's meet our panelist. with jim galloway. he writes political insider for atlanta journal constitution. laurie geary is a political reporter in atlanta. is reporter and anchor for wjbs in augusta. information on the rules for each round, please atlanta press club website. let's get started in the first round. begin -- i'mto going to ask a question all three of the candidates. ofald trump has made on lot noise over the last week talking about this election, according ishim if he does not win, rigged. rigged?election mr. barksdale. >> well, i certainly do not rigged.it's i believe that we're going to have a very strong turnout. i'm little to abide by that turnout. i do think we want to make sure

no one is intimidated going to polls. there has been some of the rhetoric frankly that is concerning. make sure there are proper poll watchers out there and everyone turns up to vote. rigged.think it's >> mr. buckley? >> no. comment kindd that of bizarre. whenlet me say this, 2004 i first ran and senator isakson georgia, aguy sent me an e-mail after the race and said, in georgia, county only 80 people voted and me and my whole family voted for you. official number showed up you getting zero. voting there is any system will have flaws. do i think the election is rigged? i don't think that will be the appropriate term for it. no, i don't agree with that. >> jeff, i don't think the

election is rigged. job.do a great i've been involved far long time in georgia. was in the legislature when we modernized our election system. i think it's fair. every candidate has calendar like this to go to. >> each panelist will ask a question to two of the candidates. we will begin now with laurie allenfor your question to buckley. buckley, you're kind of considered the spoiler in this race. third party candidate won statewide here in georgia. new poll out today has you polling 5%. any realistic expectations that you can win this election? >> campaign manager read anable 11%.g i was i'm confused. in galloway asked a question

2004. typicallybertarians poll one or two percent. what's the point? the point is our country has financial problems. in 2007, the gao said our debt control.al out of the debts more than doubled. es.nine year r the skies is the limit here afterwards. these two parties, are not going to do anything to solve the problems. cpaontrast, i'm an attorney and i come up with solution it is they work. they involve some sacrifice. these two parties are driving the country into the ground financially. libertarian party is the only choice. only ones fiscally conservative. >> senator isakson, couple of weeks ago we heard a lewd tape of donald trump that really made global news. supportingt you're the republican ticket.

my question is, after you heard after you heard accusations from women, did you ever have second thought about trump?ing donald >> i released public statement when those disclosures came out. wastally disagreed what said. my 12-year-old granddaughter today.th in the audience we have a responsibility as public officials to be role kids. to our >> do you support donald trump still? >> i will vote for him as i ticket.the >> now question for jim barksdale. >> thanks to all three of you for being here. an were the founder of investment fund firm that has done very well. madeg this campaign, you some remarks about the shortcomings of capitalism. accused of you hypocrisy for profiting from investments and companies that

have shipped jobs overseas. how do you respond? investor was to represent my client's best personal not my own viewpoints. i've invested almost exclusively the uniteds in states of america. they all benefit from the trade deals that senator isakson has put forward. the rules of the road in the united states. they made a lot of money. society.rmed our too much money gone to the top. not enough has been spread among work. doing the when you get to that level of separation between where the happens is the capitalism can't work because

there's enough buying power for economynd to keep the growing. >> jim, your question for isakson. >> problems within the veterans administration continue. dhhs reporting atlanta v.a. employee who had been targeted for highlighting wrong doing. you've been pushing a major overhaul of accountability practices at the v.a. but your proposal has yet to it to the senate floor despite your chamber being controlled by the republican party. that? >> we've had some difficulty with some members who don't like some of the provisions of that bill. it's an omnibus bill. it's not the accountability portion that's been the problem. for the record, the last night of the session before we adjourned we passed 17 provisions of that bill. we're making progress everyday work thwarteds by the end of this year. having a full accountability approved by the united

states house and united states thete and signed by president of the united states. i forgot to say thank you to the atlanta press club and all of making this possible. this is outstanding opportunity the issue that confront georgians. scott now your turn. being here. all for mr. buckley, as a cpa, i tax coded why the would be of interest to you. i wanted to ask you, you are proposing ending income tax for corporations and individuals. explain how those numbers will work?ly >> well, the problem is, we run deficits every year and good years we run 3%. when we have a recession we run 10 percent. when the economy grows, one to two percent. spiraling out of control. and analyzedars

the tax system and wrote a 30 article. i went through every possible tax system to replace the complex income tax system. the corporate income tax is the most complicated. i came up with a system. it's on my website. it includes consumption tax an x rate. income tax.s the thehave credits against fica unemployment tax. everybody pays some tax. there's not a double layer of tax. it's simple. it prevents jobs from going overseas. >> kimberly buffet the final question of this round for mr. barksdale. >> mr. barksdale. the justice department just sent out a notice and said they would fewer monitors to the polls. and the voting rights act, the struck 5 of that act was down.

you want to bring that back. what do you say about the not beingpartment there to monitor since this no longer viable? >> i did say that in the opening question that i was concerned rhetoric caused intimidation at the polls. i do think that continues. particularly continues among smaller, more areas. particularly where african-americans maybe concerned about turning out the vote. backs why i think bringing rights 5 off the voting act is so important. all are created equal. every voice matters. believe everything we can do to eenforce our own belief. we all benefit. >> that concludes our first round in the second round question both of their opponents. each candidate will have 30 to ask a question and then 60 seconds to respond and rebuttal.conds for a

are we clear? i think we're all set. selection, jim barksdale you ask the first question. buckley. of allen >> mr. buckley, first of all, i know that you are conservative concerned about the debt. is alsoenator isakson conservative. i'm a fiscal conservative as well. can you tell me the areas that you feel like you most disagree with senator isakson? all, johnny tells everyone he's a conservative. time i sawy every the word conservative, i would multimillionaire. the conservative review gives johnny a 30 score. which is an f. which ties him to maxing water who is a liberal democrat out of l.a. johnny is not really conservative. when you hear all of these ads about him being conservative. i offer solutions to the problems. they involve some sacrifice.

complete analysis and reasonable reform do all the system.ent the entitlement spending is 60 of spinedding. johnny hasn't proposed anything. proposed a tax solution. no offense johnny. need to eliminate half you have our -- half our military bases. i produce numbers that work, solutions that work. >> mr. barksdale. >> i happen to believe that problem in our country is not on the tax side. i believe the problem is the distribution of where income is being earned by those who are to make our economy productive. i disagree with the trade deals have not been taking care of our workers here in this country.

they have sent too many jobs overseas. when incomes are going down, our incomes in this country are down since 2000, since senator to washington. you can't have a growing economy declining. are >> mr. barksdale. now you can ask senator i question. >> i know you that you continue to support donald trump. statement about said, i know that earlier that you disagreed with him. what i like to ask, given the number of women that have come now accusedhave him, not just talking about committingult and them. do you agree that all of these lying?re i'd appreciate -- do you agree they'reald trump that lying? i appreciate a yes or no answer. will rebut all, i what was said about mr. buckley. seconds onet 30

that. if you believe what he was about the american to nifb,n, if you go american chamber of commerce, me rated as a conservative. as far as mr. barksdale question. made my comment on donald trump a minute ago what he said about women. wrong. it was i think he should be held accountable. >> from a yes or no standpoint. my question is, are you saying were telling the truth and they should be heard? are you saying donald trump listened to? >> i'm not about to defend it'sdy in the case because accusation. >> my response, senator isakson continues to support donald much moreuse you have in common with him than you want us to believe. let's start with the fact that

you both inherited your companies from your fathers. they were both involved in the business.e both were actually accused under housing discrimination act for discrimination against african-american companies. company, northside realty lost the case in the were runningyou for office. in the years before you ran for office, there are over 3000 and not a single one sold to an african-american. seconds for each the five things he accused me of. my father was a great american businessman. a great man. i miss him to this day. he was accused in the case of the 1970's. failed to prove. we end up going through a all agents teaching act.housing don't ever bring up my father in a negative standpoint and make accusation.

>> your firm was found guilty. you had 25 employees come and terms ofthe firm in eeoc.ion of >> senator isakson. what he'sno idea talking about. about 25 people coming out of the eeoc. thehe 22 years that i ran company, we never had such a case. passed the first fair housing house in the state of georgia. >> the reason it matters, i -- whenat you showed you started to run for office and the value of your own didn't embrace the importance of economic thertunity knocking on door. >> quick response to this one as well. hypocrisy.d to shake that's all i can say. that's all that you hear coming mr. barksdale.

>> mr. barksdale i like to know by the eparoposed and the waters. >> we as americans have valued clean air and clean water. in loses back to scene angeles the smog and the pollution of the river hudson. i fully support all aspects of up to sure that we live those obligations and that is better for all of us. i do not feel like that hurts our economy. i feel like it helps us grow. i feel like the trade bills have a part of an allowing companies to bypass our thedards of decency with environment. you can look at the air in china. waters inok at the china. we don't want to go back there. the pagewant to turn back to pollution like we had in the past. >> senator, you get a 30 second rebuttal. >> the constitution gives the congress of the united states

the responsibility for waterways of the americans. what the epa is trying to do to control of every waterway that exist. farm init's a pond or south georgia. overly regulatory environment of making itistration, impossible for anybody to do business whether they're a developer. i too for clean water and clean air, that can be accomplished. you don't have to regulate so.le out of business to do >> your question for allen buckley. >> allen, in april, i read an interview which is great interview by the way, talking about drug issue, which you i share a common interest. you refer to an economist study the legalization of drugs. you reconcile that with problem?d >> that's not what i said. the drug problem is huge. economist magazine, which i

read regularly said that the with drugs toal follow europe's lead. they said that europe has a herer head on drugs. you go after the dealer's criminal. go after the distributetors. of a health as more problem. you attack it with education and rehabilitation. that's what i said. -- we got $19 trillion in death. get their pocket picked. you're the one picking their pock. you voted for over $7 trillion of debt. you have the never to say you never voted for tax increase. for things that necessary say the spending. when the bill comes in, you vote for debt. say thatthe nerve to you never voted for tax increase. that's hypocrisy. >> senator you have a 30 second response. >> i have never voted for a tax increase.

i'm the one who proposed the budget. the constitutional amendment to balance the budget. cuts aretrillion because the budget reconciliation act to keep defaulting on its debt. if we ever get a control of our entitlements we'll be able to balance the budget. >> mr. buckley about 15 seconds entitlements,of you've gone nothing there. my proposal with drugs let the states regulate them. they'll gravitate towards the best practices. they all have to balance their budgets. unlike the federal government. you know all about that. >> senator, you want a quick response? >> i'll mention conclude on the drug situation. the biggest problem is opioid, are taking place all over the country. legallycan be

prescribed today. >> mr. buckley your question to mr. barksdale. >> jim, in 2011, head of the joints chief of staff, mike greatest national security is our national debt. johnny voted over $7 trillion worth of debt. over the next 13 or 15 years, we got 13 more batches of social security and medicare baby through.oming the debt will grow tremendously. unless we make changes. changes and make what changes should we make? >> i agree that the national debt is a significant problem. while senator i isakson does taxes.out not raising basically what you've done what i call a birth tax. all americans born today are born into almost $20 million of debt when you went to washington, it was 5-$5 trillion. you can't wash your hands and responsible.'t

when you voted to deregulate you street and then supported president bush approach to regulated wall street, that put our economy off the cliff. created more than $4 trillion of debt. you voted to talk us into iraq. created more chaos. that wecreases of debt have taken on do put our country risk. we can't be militarily strong. have to take responsibility for this debt that happened while you've been in washington. >> the question to mr. buckley isakson.to senator >> the truth is what you ought to.ay attention t.a.r.p.or the i voted against the auto clunkers deal. the autogainst

bailout. because they were wrong for america. let's get our facts right mr. barksdale. >> mr. buckley. >> jim, no offense, but you're hat no cattle. you had no substance to that question.or my i've heard you on wab radio these numbers that are wrong. you don't know the numbers. in iraq costwar $4 trillion. it cost $815 billion. the department of defense said it cost $758 billion. the brown university said it cost 1.1. that's not close to 4. you said the social security fund is at $4 trillion. nowhere near that. numbers. know your >> i think there have been plenty of studies that look at wars andn cost of the the war in iraq, even afghanistan itself, the numbers to $800 billion.

these wars have significant cost. haven't ownedwe up to. you look at the veterans administration, i feel like it's under funded. ox design --xe obligations looking forward. with respect to the economy, it wasn't the t.a.r.p. that i'm talking about. what i'm talking about is when people don't have jobs, they go on welfare. more people have to retire early. our unemployment insurance goe - obligations looking forward. with respect to up. jails. more people in there's tremendous social costs. the war inainst iraq. that's what got me involved in politics. finance of the federal government. johnny wept to -- went to in 1999, debt to gdp is 68%. $7 trillion of that is on his record. >> very long 15 seconds. mentionedu were

again. >> i voted to go into iraq. believe in peace through strength. only through the use of strength you can have peace. i'll take responsibility for my one part as 100th of the united states senate. will take credit for the things that i've done that solutions.ut great mr. barksdale made a terribly incorrect statement. has the largest increase in appropriations. averaging about 9% a year. >> we move on. the final question of this round. is your question for senator isakson. >> johnny your campaign has been running ads saying you're the hardest working senator in d.c. you're one the most conservative. mentioned the conservative ties youa 30f which with maxine waters which is the l.a. times. she gets the same store, 30d. the heritage foundation gives

you a 53f score. what authorities do you base these ads common? would like to know? you're makingces two uncredible organizations. the american conservative union is very credible. nfib is credible. what they've actually voted for and what they've done. we've cut $2.1 trillion because the budget control which i was a part of in 2011. because of that sequestration, where the congress exercise that right. don't blame us for doing things that weren't done. budget control act immediately borrowed $2.1 trillion. spending over the next decade. that's all been pushed back once. johnny, let me finish -- >> i didn't say a word. i'm getting ready to. look at my website. he thinks the heritage foundation is not credible. the american conservative union that he sites gave mitch 100% score person

for 2012. givesnservative review mitch mcconnell on 40 score. you've been deceiving are the public for years. meanwhile our country is going tubes.e when we were 2 2004 in a debate here. dayhe voters on the eighth of november will have a chance to vote who they want to represent. they will vote for a record of proven achievement. concludes round two for those just joining us. this is the debate between the for georgia's united states senate. andill now go to our third final round. in this round, each panelist will ask a question to the candidate of his or her choice. until we've run out of time as a as being the moderator here, i can ask a couple of questions too. let's begin now, laurie geary. >> this question is directed to

mr. barksdale. hillary clinton's plan, she says is to raise taxes on the wealthy and the corporations because they're not paying their fair share. are a wealthy businessman. do you feel as though you have paid your fair share. do you agree with hillary clinton's tax plan? what i -- i can fairse you, i have paid my share. years, my amount of taxes and gifts in the 65% range overall. i've done everything i could to good franchise to help society. i think corporations should do that. what i see in corporate america as an investor, i look at how much taxes get paid. not the actual tax rate that's stated. invested,rted

corporations regularly would pay taxes in the 35% range. there's a long decline in gets paid by taxes corporate america. bypassing by using offshore loopholes that senator isakson has not shut down. allowed $2 trillion to sit offshore and not be taxed. that's a loophole we need to close. >> the public needs to know, atn you watch these debates the presidential level. hillary said my numbers don't wake things worse. going to add additional debt over the next decade. what she's saying, i will add spending of x amount and raise taxes by x amount. going to solve the problems. i want people to understand that. outtax proposal that i put .ses algebra x balances the budgets, it senturages jobs being overseas and corporate

inversions -- does not matter headquarters. >> senator? >> i think taxes ought to be equitable. in terms of the federal tax we ought to go to a territorial tax code for businesses. that's why you have so many going on.proposals we ought to have a territorial system. that's number one. number two, we ought to end the gimmicks in the coat and take away deductions and other use of do tax code a get people to things. instead use the money that you buy down, use that money that you saved to buy down the rate to have a fairer tax. >> kimberly scott >> senator isakson, i want to you about the affordable care act. there are people who have withhcare coverage preexisting issues. on your website you said you replace theal and affordable care act.

how will you make sure preexisting cases are covered proposal? >> i'm glad i got a record what the congress when we debated the affordable care act in 2009. there are some things in the act that ought to be preserved. one of them is preexisting conditions. child up toning a age 26 to stay on their parents health insurance plan. got to replace the whole system. it's driving us to a single payer system with government to bringhere we need about more competition. for example, we allow the interstate sale of health line.nce across the state so people can form groups together to negotiate in a large group. just two things we can change immediatelily. with johnny on universal availability of coverage. that needs to exist. all we had in the healthcare law, that would have been a great result. but the problem is, the goes waye care act beyond that.

bureaucracy and so complicated. johnny had an opportunity to amend the affordable care act time to fund the bill. he chose not to. theushed forward with funding. i understand why he didn't. because the republicans don't have a plan. they've never had a plan for healthcare. i don't like most of the affordable care act but at least democrats did something. >> mr. buckley? is anotherng is this case where senator isakson has fulfilled responsibility of doing something about the rising healthcare cost. instead just splittize -- criticize the issue. i like to see someone in up for thestanding people. saying our government should be negotiating and aggressively the to make surehcare it comes down. i agree we need more competition. with yoursagree statements. what i disagree with, sitting not doing anything

about it. >> 10:00 a.m. on christmas eve i voted against the affordable care act final passage for the united states senate. is incorrect. the health was on education labor and pensions committee which did the mark up hours of the affordable care act. introduced legislation like what price hasn tom pending today in the house of representative. the affordable care act is a bad america. >> jim gal away. you.. for all of we'll start with mr. isakson. insee the daily horror aleppo. one of the great conflicts wars under way in mosul. in his two term, george w. bush was criticized for injecting the u.s. military into places ought to have gone. terms, barack obama has criticized for his failure to engage. here? the correct balance

>> i have voted for the wars i've been accused of voting for. proud to be for peace through strength, proud for a strong military. statesthe united military to keep us safe. number two, i regret that fact that the obama administration pulled us occupant of iraq after -- pulls out out of iraq after the surge was successful. i voted for the war to go into iraq. sorry the current president us out. i think until we put the boots on the ground necessary to have coalition willing in the middle and root them out, we'll continue to have the threat of terrorism. not only in the middle east but america.n >> i was against iraq. that got me off the couch. knew it would make our terrorism problems worse. lot of innocent people would be killed and make our financial problems worse. all three have happened. that wed two wars shouldn't have been in since world war ii vietnam and iraq.

if i am elected, i will everything i can to investigate proposed.hing is dick cheney went up there in into theed it down republican throats and johnny bought poo it. realized it was a fraud. it would do all the things i did.it it destabilized the middle east. anye been in more wars in country since world war ii. this situation now, it is more difficult because barack obama, i'm sorry, he's been pretty weak on foreign policy. the line in syria and then backed off. at that point, it was open season for the foreign countries. of his weaknesses. we got to be prudent when we get in involved. they result in a lot of deaths of innocent people. >> over and over again my sense purports to be a careful conservative. less knowing. wreck

iraq has been an example of that. you continue to call for boots in iraq in syria. it in cryked about mia. the veterans i talked to are tired of this. us doing whatee we are doing now, making sure we're supporting our allies, partners and our letting them take the lead. thatately this is a fight only they can win. we can't go in and have no exit strategy again. we've got to learn from the be prudent we got to with the lives of our sons and daughters. i disagree with senator i isakson's trigger happy approach theust more troops on ground and bomb. >> senator your response. >> combat is always the last resort. is ability to conduct that to win negotiations. i heard a lot of criticism of way voted.son in the

concerned, a strong fist is a for important than a weak mind. >> if you didn't hear, he wasn't listeningen. i said that right now, we are working with iraq and curd partners. are pushing isis back. i think that is the way to go. i don't believe that we should there in the lead taking first responsibility. instead it's their fight to win. it's a terrible situation. --attis gnatus 73 fanaticism. gears andtop switch talk immigration reform. big issue here in georgia. isakson, your republican presidential candidate said to build a wall, have mexico pay for it. onant to know your thoughts this. also, realistically, what can be

estimatedthe 11 million people living in the united states illegally? are a part of the solution. there are pictures i can verify statement. mike pence along with senator chertoff went about seven years ago, worked on the first project to build a new wall in arizona. now exist today. what you have to do is be able crossing atle from will so you can control the your country.in with -- i'm a second american. i support legal immigration. we've got to make sure that legal immigration works. best way to do is by enforcing and going through identification. the u.s. visit program has

embedded in their identification so you can has afy somebody who passport that's not there. begin to clampto down illegal immigration. >> is there a path way to citizenship? is there amnesty? be no amnestyd and no pathway should begin country.is >> then what happens to the 11 million people here? >> you create a system where to their homeck state and apply to go back in the country. grant somebody amnesty in this country and thembor them a -- and make a citizen. >> we have two problems. we want ouro workforce constituted with immigrants. this is a political discussion into.i'm happy to enter we are nation of immigrants. and grown and thrive.

fastest path to honorable citizenship that we can get. these are people that have been here for decades working. here to helpcame us build the olympics. be denommizing them out.hrow them >> i'm only one following the time limits here. >> that's not true. target.ht on fornlike isakson, who voted amnesty, he did. we're also a nation of laws. all for enforcing the laws. illegala batch of immigrants in the 1980's. we do need to let more people in legally going forward. we've had the same quotas for decades. need to let some of the students come here and excel and stay. >> kimberly scott. >> mr. buckley in the past you mentioned the need for judges to the law.

judges are the last step before many men and women are incarcerated for a lengths of time. how do you propose tweaking the that thosestem so sentences are looked at on a individual basis and people aren't just pushed in like cattle? >> there's been a number of showes recently that i'll incarceration -- we've got to find the right mix which involves less imprisonment. there was an article this week michigan. teaching prisoners to become machinist. lower repeat offender rate. we need to do things like that. i'm for appointing judges who follow the strict letter of the law. the constitution. the intent of the drafters. living believe in this and breathing constitution in favor of it. a direct quote

from the conservative view about johnny. isakson is usually a reliable confirm most liberal executive and judicial nominees. one reason alone to not votes for johnny. we need to get conservative judges who follow the constitution. >> senator your response. to say to know what somebody that will take any it the and make statement that he said is true. allen is wrong on that statement. >> i have the quote here. it's on my website. please look it up. it's right out of the conservative review. they do all kinds of research on candidates. say it's notto credible. do your own research and see how credible it is. should not be a country that puts more into educatingion than to and making citizen have opportunity. worlde 5% of the population but 25% of its prisons. to mandatoryis due

sentencing which we need to end. judges to give to might these decisions. i've seen -- i've been in the prisons. i've seen what a terrible situation that is. we simply cannot allow that to continue. invest and do what we can to get these people brought society.ur >> thank you, jim galloway. >> donald trump has now endorsed ofm limits for members congress. david purdue has done like wise. we have mr. isakson who's seeking a third term. of you, what do you think. term limits? a constitutional amendment to enforce them? mr. barksdale. >> i have to say that, i'm to support term limits. i personally would not seek to serve that many terms.

two for senator i think it's plenty enough. in the house, i think frankly it a similar time frame. more like 12 years for the house and 12 years for the senate. a government that allows people to come in. new voices to be heard and basically keep the voice of the government, people, present in government. beent of the problem has that without a term limits, all themoney flows to incumbents. voice of the people. >> senator? >> jim, that's a great question. in my career, i've been term limited three times already the system. we now operate on the eighth of november. to sendf georgia want me home, they can turn me in on the eighth. the best term limit when the go to the polls and vote. every 100% turn out in election. we had term limits to where they applied.be >> i was talking to my campaign

advance, i said there should be 12 and 12. i do believe it would require a constitutional amendment. say something now, i don't mean to be mean. if that were the law, johnny be running now. hisbest thing for johnny, family our state and country will be if he were not running now. friends to a lot of his who will tell me that confidentially. >> senator? >> i think that's veiled reference to the fact that i disclosed a year and a half that parkinson's. which is the hardest thing that i did. by in thisit goes campaign, people come up to me and thank me for making known publicly what they themselves privately known about themselves. way you attack things like parkinson's and be open about it. battle. to win that it's an inspiration to stand up here today with these adjustment gentlemen. fight for your vote on

november 8th. you well on your health. honestly, it wasn't meant that way. you're not record, voting conservatively. that's the main problem. state. conservative you're telling everybody, we got to get our finances in order. not proposing anything. you talked about a new tax bill. where's the bill? i never heard of that thing. in contrast, i got all of these for 13ls i worked on years to solve the problem. i got the energy to go up there and put in the fight. no offense, i'm younger than you. >> senator, you get to respond. experience.ore >> i'm not going to hold you you.erienced against i look at jeff, i have to say this, i was saving this for the closing. your job like channel 11, hold powerful accountable. don't fall for any story you might hear today. >> mr. barksdale.

main issuethink my -- i have not been privy to his conversations with his doctor. i applaud him for reviewing -- revealing it. i do think it's appropriate that toask that a commitment serve out the term. to askbarksdale, i want you, there's several he ranking democrats supporting senator johnny isakson. what do you think about that? is that insulting to you that high profile democrats have decided to support the republican candidate? going to bebudge he's beenakson that in politics for 40 years. that's fine. i don't have a problem with

that. am viewed as an outsider. people don't know me as well. that can be upsetting to people who been in the establishment for so long. up here to do is to say that i'm trying to fight for the campaign finance reform to make sure that the big money is not controlling the decisions that people are being cared for. we need to make sure that incomes and jobs are present. that needs to be a priority. we can't have campaign contributions, governing the system so that basically we serve profit and party instead people. that's my objective is to go to washington and serve people. and not party. >> mr. buckley. >> let's face it. reallyny was conservative as he claims and he's not, none of these people will be supporting him. him.might like he's a likeable guy. everyone likes johnny. like him.

is, if he were theyy really conservative, wouldn't be supporting him. i run twice before. we had six debates. are they protecting him? i came to the realization, other than the second amendment, he's a democrat. if he wins or jim barksdale win, you get a democrat. differences, i would admit. -- jim is a little bit johnny.eral than rebut. time to >> i urge you to go look up this american conservative whoever it quoting. check them out. conservative review. i know who some of the are.cters you will find out, everybody got -- opinion. >> list question. kimberly scott.

addition tothat in women, millennials will be very important in november. do you think that is the truth? plan to engageou them to bring them to the polls to vote for you and we can begin with mr. barksdale. >> i absolutely agree and i hope it's true. belongs to that generation. we need to make sure they're actively involved. part what was so inspirational what senator sanders accomplished in terms of theging that voice into public. like wise not because i'm sander, i senator want the effective people on my campaign. we are running a very aggressive campaign media and social millennials to make sure they turn out to vote. please look people, at my website. i'm the only one looking out for you. freerats will give you

college. in the reality, on kurt path, -- current path the system will collapse in 20 years. you're getting a free college seeing financial collapse of the country likely within 20 years. i got all of these credible website.es on my many of them work for the government. result. when democracy collapses and republics collapse, they become dictatorship. i'm the only one looking out for the young people. a hugeennials will play role. the answer to this question is, don't have a facebook face. i don't do very good on twitter, designated tweeter. i do facebook all the time. i try to reach millennials. they don't turn on the tv or read newspaper. they communicate through each other electronically. trying to make sure we get our message to them. they are the future. there, sheghter out can do things i can't do on my television. they're born with better ability

those things. they're about the future. to be a part of the future. >> all right that, is all the time that we have for questions. have 60didate will now seconds for a closing statement. senator i isakson. first closing statement. >> you've had a chance to hear your three candidate. you know their issue and temperament. now ewhat they'll say about each other. you on to november 8th. we've done our job to run. make the job to choice. i'll end with a story in the in 1990.te i had when you looked out an audience, if you ever walked down a to ary road, you come fence poster and the for it will get there bynot itself. i didn't get where i am by a lot ofday, because people including my wonderful wife, the georgia republican

party and citizens of this state. i treasure the opportunities i have had. i thank you for your vote in the past. i will respect your vote in the future. god bless the united states of america. >> mr. buckley. countryia voters our has financial cancer. let's talk wasted vote. senator isakson who is now in his 70's, shown no the nation'solving financial problem. it's been a large part of problems will be a wasted vote. he's not going to turn a new fight andome up with vigor and ideas. whote for mr. barksdale will be a freshman democrat noator in his 60's, who has unique ideas different from the general establishment of the democratic party. vote.e a wasted if i win this election, georgia, our state takes the country in a new direction. that works and last indefinitely. andt the vigor, the fight

ideas and what we need. after thisay, election, i ask the libertarians -- tea tea party to come together. democrats and big party republican parties >> mr. barksdale. >> i'm fortunate and proud to be a six generation georgian. when i started my business over moved my family back to georgia. values.d of georgia at age 18, he had to take over of six siblings when he father passed away. my family learned that you step up for your responsibilities. was out cutting grass when i was eight. delivering newspapers at 11, working at the gas station at age 15 and i worked all through high school.

a sense of responsibility to my family. inherited a dime. that's why in 2008, when the financial crisis hit, i knew how bad it would be and i went to borrowed every penny i could to make sure i didn't have to lay off employees. i believe senator isakson lost that responsibility to you the people. with me on november 8th, i wild with you and together, we can some great things. >> that concludes our debate. remind voters that the general elections will be held on tuesday november 8th. and early voting already under way throughout our state. thanks to the candidates and to panel of journalist. we like to thank the atlanta for arranging tonight's debate. themore information about cannta press club, you

visit the atlantapressclub.org. this debate will be archived there and georgia public broadcasting website. for joining us. we appreciate it. thanks for the atlanta press club, the loudermilk young debate series. a great evening everyone. >> c-span brings you more debate this week from key u.s. house, races.and governor tonight at 8:00 eastern on c-span. the georgia senate debate senatorrepublican johnny isakson, democratic challenger jim barksdale and allen buckley. then juss before 9:00, democratic congressman rick nolan and republican stewart mills. a debate for colorado sixth congressional district between republican

representative mike coffman and democrat morgan carol. 10:00, debate at between republican senator pat katy mcginnty. on c-span, the north carolina governor's debate governor patlican mccory, democrat roy cooper. day, watchlection key debates from house, senate and governor's races on the networks. c-span.org and listen on the c-span radio app. history unfolds daily. president obama is in florida today campaigning this afternoon for hillary clinton in orlando. the university of central florida. that's live on c-span 2 5:50 eastern.

>> earlier today the justice statement released a from fbi director james comey stating they have found additional e-mails of hillary clinton use of private single server. the fbi now plans to take new investigative steps in regards the issue. secretary clinton's presidential rival, republican donald trump and spoke at issue length about it during a campaign rally today in hampshire. new his arms -- remarks run just under 50 minutes. ♪

nuqu ♪ >> thank you very much. hampshire. a veryto open with critical breaking news announcement.

letter has just sent a them thats informing e-mailse discovered new formering to the secretary of state, hillary investigation. reopening the case into her criminal and illegal conduct threatens the security of of america.tates

clinton's corruption is on a scale that we have never seen before. must not let her take her into the ovale office. i have great respect for the and thet the fbi department of justice are now the courage to right the horrible mistake that they made. this was a grave mischaracter justice that the american people

fully understood. hope that itdy's corrected. be is a big announcement that i heard 10 minutes ago. most of youously, about.ave heard in all fairness for all the people that have suffered for includinguch less generalently, four star james cartwright, general others. and many perhaps finally justice will be done.

with that being said, the rest be sospeech is going to boring. a speech?ven make borders,alk about right? we will talk about trade. bring back our jobs, we'll strengthen our military and get going. thank general flynn. thank you very much. just before general flynn was going up, we heard this news. i said general, get up there and busy.hem we want to digest what just happened here. you general. win1 days we are going to

new hampshire. first victor.y we are going to win back the white house. 75% of the american people think our country is on the wrong track. we are going to get our country back on the right track and very quickly. real change begins with repealing and obamacare. big a newsrget how that is. we can't lose track. it's a disaster. everything else of this administration. it has been announced that going to are experience another massive double digit hike in obamacare premiums. 116% premium hike to

our very good friends in the of arizona. even bill clinton admitted obamacare is the craziest thing world where people wind up with their premiums doubled and coverage cut in half. minnesota, where the premium increase will be almost 60%, the democratic governor said, the affordable care act is no longer affordable. architectruber, the of obamacare, admitted it was all a fraud. he said it was passed because of of the american voter. a lot of good work. we're catching all of these people. job. doing a good jonathan gruber, there's another -- we didn't forget.

i never forget. i said, if i do this, we're going to run and his name came up. people forget after a week or two. forget,ill never ofathan gruber the architect obamacare what he said. can you imagine little more than a week before the election. forget the name jonathan gruber. is the only real stymedty that's shown by politicians who passed this over the furious objection. of certain politicians and the american voter. obamacare is just one more way the system is rigged. just announced previously, it might not as as i thought. -- i think they will

folks.he ship they're going to save their great reputation by doing so. clinton wants to double destroyingmacare american healthcare tv. she wants to expand obamacare make it more expensive. i will repeal and replace obamacare. we will replace it with a much planexpensive plan and a that is much better. year, hillary clinton declared obamacare is one of the greatest accomplishment the president obama, democratic country. our that's turned out to be wrong. do anything right? we don't win anymore. you're going to have such a good time starting in 2017. we're going to start winning

again. turned out, i've been saying this from before it obamacare is a imagination.eyond insurers are leaving, doctors arequitting, companies fleeing. cut.rs hours are being part time jobs are all over the place. those beautiful full time jobs don't exist.ave deductibles are through the roof. if we don't get rid of obamacare, our healthcare system is gone forever. never have another chance. by the way, if we don't win this election, you will never have chance. that i can tell you. never going to happen again. repealing obamacare is one of the single most important reasons we must win on

november 8th. but real change also means of the corruption in washington and again maybe happened. wow. we have a big day. of it. i won my first primary in new hampshire. i'm getting here and the news is, this is bigger watergate. in my opinion. than watergate. hillary deleted 33,000 e-mails receiving a congressional subpoena. that alone to me -- there were things done. but how did it get much more? obvious.so she gets the subpoena and she bleaches and deletes 33,000 e-mail. difficult.

it's not about the sail of the know what isnobody it means. aboutsia, she talks to me russia. 20% of the uranium in our russia.to you know, the deletion of 33,000 e-mails, that's sort of so out there. subpoena from a the united states congress. congress.o she lied to the fbi. made 13 phones disappear. some with a hammer. crew gave more than the wife of the deputy director of the fbi and the man who was over seeing the hillary'sion into illegal server. maybe now that takes care of itself. that takes care of

itself. think. very proud that the fbi was actually. do this really. just yesterday, we learned that clinton's right hand man, clinton's foundation donors to funnelrporations $66 billion. this plan explains that the cozy histionship between consulting firm, the foundation and clinton's personal income and hillaryill obtain inmselves and kind services including personal travel, hospitality, vacations and the like. the same people paying bill speeches were lobbying hillary clinton at the time.

these people are seriously corrupt. terrible. for play included contracts. take ray thee beyond. -- they hired three lobbies hundreds of thousand of dollars hillary's last campaign. are raising money for her current campaign. way, 50 to 1 in ads. if you look at florida we're winning,ohio we're iowa we're winning. doing great in new hampshire. i think we're going to have a inmendous victory pennsylvania. better have a great victory in please.shire

when this news of the fbi it happened,, when they said mr. trump, i think they understand. we could skip your speech in new hampshire. so big. the courage't have to skip the speech in new hampshire. me.eve i'm not skipping new hampshire. i never will. you remember, i go around and we had the big rallies. never worklies will in new hampshire. you have to sit down and have dinner with everybody. dinners.lot of they don't expect that. we met and iwhen had a lot of small meetings with people. we'll talk. hampshire more than any other place talked to me about drugs flowing in the country. department, so great, the police department in new hampshire. to some ime, i went became friendly with them.

never knew it was so bad. i said to the people of new hampshire, more than any other place, you look at the beautiful lakes anddways and streams and everything so beautiful. the trees. you say, how can they have a drug problem here? groups.wn with i said what's your biggest problem? thegured they'll say, maybe veterans which are suffering greatly. but it was always heroin. heroin? i learned so much. i said to the people of new if i win, which i win,in new hampshire, if i i also said if i go all the way, to stop the inflow of drugs into new hampshire and into our country.

100%. people of new hampshire my pledge. more than anybody else in this case. taught me about what's happening with the world of drugs pouring in. believe. it's just so strange when you ofk and you see the beauty this place. you see heroin and drugs are the far.r one problem by havey, lobbyist $26 billion in foreign arms deals. over $19 billion in happened to be off bill clinton. as a birthday gift as few minutes of face time. waslobbyist, one of whom the sister-in-law to hillary clinton's current campaign hundreds ofceived thousands of dollars in fees. the contractor got billions of in contracts.

and hillary clinton got her heraign cash and money for foundation. i'm putting up tremendous amounts. another check for $10 million. like crazy. money maybe overly have $100 million of my money spent on the campaign. but there's something nice about that. which case,e in they say, what was that all about? we're going to do what's right you. not what's right for some special interest. hillary put the office of the for sale.of state up if she ever got the chance, put theme, she would officeand you know what i'm talking about. too.val office up for sale

i propose a contract with the american voter which will end the corruption and give back to our great people. want the entire corrupt washington establishment to hear words i'm about to say. loved this expression but now i love it because it's become the hottest expression. in november, we are weng to washington d.c. when win. okay. the pond.ng to drain the core of my contract is my jobs.o bring back our you've been suffering with the jobs. the jobs have gone like candy from a baby.

new growth numbers just released rate forverage growth this year at a disastrous 1.5 percent. if china goes down to 7% or 8%, like the national catastrophe. quarter we were at 1%. our job numbers last week were horrible. were anemic. used.as the word they obama is the first president in history not to have a 3% growth. of they say it's hard because we're a large country. largerdia is much country they're at 8%, china is at 7% and they're not happy. around 1% and we just keep going along. losingep going along,

our jobs to mexico and every other place. americans are on food stamps, 45 million people. this is our country are living in poverty. our trade deficit with the world is now nearly $800 billion a year. you say who negotiate these contracts? living through obama. it's true. campaigning for hillary clinton, he ought to be in the white house in the oval trade deals,ating taking care of our not do. which he does we're living through the greatest jobs theft in the of the world. they're stealing our jobs. thetest in the history of world. new hampshire lost one in three manufacturing jobs since nafta. signed by bill clinton

and supported strongly by hillary. we've lost 70,000 factories the worlda entered trade organization. another bill and hillary disaster. the trump administration will immediately begin negotiating, we will start this negotiation so fast. will start a negotiation on nafta. if we don't get the deal we we will terminate nafta much better trade deal. detailsgo into the systems.ifferent tax because of the fact that they're under a much different tax deal washe day the signed, it was a defecteddive

with with us have a massive at least 17% advantage. it's complicated. will not bother you or bore you with it. we've been working with a deal for years. no politician went back to renegotiate it. done folks to get it so easily. company wants to fire their workers and go to mexico or another country and they think will ship air products back into the united states, we will a tax of 35%. when you think these companies which right now negotiating to leave here. they'll leave new hampshire and they'll leave pennsylvania. they'll leave ohio and leave all of these places. all of our great places and great states. now as we're talking, they're negotiating deals. the eighth wonder effort world in terms of the new plan.

he said the eighth wonder in the mexico. he said what about us. it's the other way around. there will be consequences. when they realize that they've pay a tax all of that border.to our strong because it will be a strong border. you know what they will say? they've going to say, let's stay. we're not going to move. they're going to stay. very simple. wanthe politicians don't to do that because they controlled by the people that campaign their contributions and probably other things. mean bybody know what i that? up to chinesetand currency manipulation. the transpacific partnership. rich nationme a again.

but to be a rich nation, we must also be a safe nation. isisry clinton unleashed on to the world and it is now spread into our country. are right now 1000 open isis investigations across the states. more than at any time that we've ever had. wants to increase by massive number of syrian refugees flowing into our country. obama numbers. a trump administration will syrian refugee program. with safe havens that get other countries over there like the gulf states who but money.g we have $20 trillion in debt. they got to do their share. they'll pay. we can't let,

people into this country that we about.now let me state this as clearly as i can. president, i am -- i lovehen this place. by the way. we're leading in florida, and these places. of recent poll said, we're two down in new hampshire. said. what i i don't think so. polls. polls.re called dirty i don't think so, she comes up people, wes four

have a wonderful crowd. i think we're winning new hampshire big. it., we'll change president, i am islamic keep radical ourorist the hell out of country. a trump administration will secure and defend the borders of the united states. boy you people have energy. great. let's face it, it's been a long time right. been a long time. waiting a long time for the right person. energy.ave what's happening, lot of these places --

[crowd chanting] a lot of the different places, hate to write it, the media, by the way, great people. so dishonored. dishonest folks. a lot of these reports coming out in the early voting states, are coming up that have never voted. these are great americans. anybody thaten they wanted -- they never heard bring backwe'll jobs. we're not going to let companies ande us and fire everybody move. then let the products pour in our country with no tax. just go ahead. leave, fire all our people. move to mexico, make the sale your air and carriers.

no nothing. how stupid is this? a free trader. i'm a fair trader. we have the wrong people us.esent these lines in florida, four blocks long. likenever seen anything it. in tennessee, a great congressman been there for 25 me, i've never seen, we have never seen anything like it. thate are coming out hadn't voted in years. people are coming out, they literally they haven't voted in years. they are not polled. unless you voted in the last election. want to poll you. thate are coming out hadn't voted in years. it's happening in texas. never voted.ave they're great americans. they never saw somebody they for.d to vote they're coming out and they got the trump shirt and hat and the place. over knows.

they may have all of those trump stuff. know.ver maybe their voting for crooked clinton. but i don't think so. history has taught us that we don't think so. doing great. yes, on the border, we have no choice. build a wall and mexico will pay for the wall. got to stop the drugs. remember my pledge to everybody particular to new hampshire i know what you're drugs.hrough with the i know your incredible law enforcement, police and fire where they're see helping so much. believe me, they're not spoken about. how about where they're shooting. they're shooting at the firemen. is a new phenomenon.

countless americans who died in recent years would have alived today if not for the open border policies of this administration. this includes incredible americans like 21-year-old sarah -- you heard that story. the man who killed her arrived entered federal custody and then was released into the united states community policies of this white house. again and again after crime after crime. at large. sarah graduated from college a 4.0he day before with class.verage top in her she was violently killed.

young woman. i know her parents. they're incredible. ofo among the victims obama-clinton open borders a 21-year-oldnt, clerk.ence store he was murdered by illegal gang ofber previously convicted burglary who was released from ty and -- custody. so many people said please don't him.se he shot grant through the head. another victim who we've all and known about gunned down in san francisco by immigrants. this person was deported five previous times. lawyer andt a good the case will go on and on. a lawyer. i see them in court all the time. on.case will go on and

shot in the back while standing with her father. parents, great brother. of 90-year-olde earl olander who was brutally left to bleed to death in his home. -- person raytor perpetrators were illegal immigrants. people begged that they be thercerated or moved out country. but our geniuses wouldn't listen. california, 64-year-old air force veteran, marilyn was assaulted and beaten to death with a hammer. her killer has been arrested on multiple occasions but was never deported. deportasked, please, him. this is what happened. this is the crime wave that never ends. can tell you, it's thousands this.es like

when i'm president, believe me, end.ll keep outwill a wall the dangerous cartels and criminals but will also keep out the drugs and the heroin poisoning our youth. our youth is being poisoned chance.hey get a by the way, i met plenty of people in new hampshire that are not our youth that have a tremendous problem. i want to tell you we're going to work with people. programs.g to set up we're going to try everything we get them unaddicted. as i said, when i won the new promised themary i people of new hampshire that we pouringop drugs from into your community. i guarantee you, we will. you will be so proud of your

president. be so proud of your community. you will be so proud. closing,nt to say in we have an amazing movement on.g a movement like they've never seen before. that hopefully won't be stopped. that the movement biggest people in the world of the media, the biggest, have they've never seen anything like it before. auditorium, every the other night we had a situation, we had thousands and thousands of people. , said to the fire marshal more it possible to let in? we had many thousands outside in.gates we wouldn't let he said, it's stampede

mr. trump. about a stampede. it's the stampede of love. it's true. not a stampede. was so many people. they said, we have very strong guards. strong not nearly as 45,000 people. so i fully understood. we have something going on that's so special. we're going to reduce your taxes. your going to simplify taxes. make yourg to businesses welcome in our country. we're going to reduce the taxes people.le income we call them the exor -- forgotten man and woman.

greatly simplify your returns. only company that i can think of us is h&r block. they will not like us. greatly simplify your taxes. and your businesses, we're taking it from 35%, which is one the highest in the world, just highest, down to one of the lowest in the world, 15%. we're getting rid of a lot of the regulations that are stopping growth. ofmendous amounts regulations killing small businesses and big business. taxe going to have a very friendly country. it's going to mean jobs. it's going to mean expansion. it's going to mean new companies growing. we are going to create the border. drugs.going to stop the we're going to have people come into our country. into oureople to come country but they have to come in legally. they have to come in through a process. we want a lot of people to come in. they're going to come in.

we're going to streamline the process. people are waiting in line 10 years. people to come in. we want them to come in legally. we want merit too. we want to take wonderful great people that love our country. out and theyget want to do a great job. also come have them in based on merit. hear anymore.'t too bad. we're also going to very importantly, appoint justices to court.reme who you can be proud of. will respect the constitution of the united states. we're going to save our second amendment, which is unbelievab unbelievable. we're going to help bigly on

education. we're going to go with choice. so important. going to terminate common localnd bring education, -- our military is depleted. we are going to rebuild our military. throughoing to lead strength. hopefully we're not going to have to use our military. i will say this. .sil, we're getting rid of isis choice. have no since medieval times. not since medieval times. the tenure ofring clinton. hillary

she says, what she's going to do. she was there. out of the vacuum. we should have never gone to iraq. have doned, we should you got the right way. not the wrong way. so way they went out was bad, including giving back mosul. which is they're fighting to take back. it would have been nice element of surprise. do we agree? the element of surprise. we'll use the element of surprise. we used the element of tell them everything we can possibly tell them. give them plenty of time to get ready and then attack. it turns out to be a lot tougher than they ever thought. we're going to have a country you're going to be proud of again. we're going to have a president that hopefully you will be proud of. will work so hard for every community. i'll be working very hard for

community,-american for the hispanic community, i'll be working hard for every community. have this divided nation come together. just want to say, we're going to make america strong again. going to make america wealthy again. we are going to make america great again. i want to thank everybody in new hampshire. get out and vote. very special people. you.less get out and vote. thank you. thank you new hampshire. ♪

♪ ♪ you more brings debates this week from key u.s. house, senate and governor's races. at 8:00 eastern on

c-span, the georgia senate republicaneen senator johnny isakson, jim allenale and libertarian buckley. then just before 9:00, democratic congressman rick republican stewart mills debate from minnesota eighth district seat. a debate for colorado's sixth congressional district between republican representative mike coffman and democrat morgan carol. at 10:00, debate between republican senator pat ginty.aty mc midnight the north carolina royte, pat mccory and capper. watch key debates on networks. c-span.org and listen on the

c-span radio app. history unfolds daily. >> candidates in north dakota debated eachace other recently. and eliot glassheim outlined their views and topics including energy, infrastructure, national security, the economy and social security. prairie public tv hosted that half hour debate. >> welcome to prairie public election 2016. this is the debate for one of north dakota's u.s. senate seats. democratday are deme

and john hoeven. >> matt thanks to you and public debate.ing this i believe in north dakota. i believe in the people of north dakota. i believe that the rule of government is to empower people. that means focusing on the fundamentals. things that will help our economy grow and help job creaks. that means reducing the regulatory burden. that means making sure that we reform the tax code so it's simpler and more fair. budget.ns balancing our so we don't leave a big debt to our children and grandchildren. supporting law enforcement and our military. so americans feel safer here at abroad.

>> okay, eliot glassheim us mat.s for having 1997, 800 homes were badly damaged. almost the entire city had to be evacuated. was on the city council. we were charged with getting the back up and running. people were concerned about reinvest in should the city. on council committee that was of my fellow spent a trivia.ime debating i got so frustrated and angry at stopoint, i shouted, talking and start moving dirt. the since ofu i want to bring.ncy i want to there have been too many things that they have not worked on and gotten taken care of.

issues have been festering for years without a solution. ahead.rt marquette, go >> thank you matt. i'm running for the united states senate because i am fed up, sick and tired of the corruption, grab and greed that become systemic in washington. i don't believe senator hoeven meaningful toing address the issues. he is part of the problem. collapse and commodity prices that are destroying profits for north dakotas oil farmers are the direct result of failed economic monetary policies designed to deal with the toxic consequences of our national debt. senator hoeven has voted to add debt.rillion to this our failing economy endless wars and loss of personal liberties are the legacy of the establishment politicians like senator hoeven. betrayed thes

trust and confidence of the people of north dakota. than this.etter i can do better than this. issue.to our first let's start with the hot button issue. pipeline. access i want to hear your opinion on the progress and where it goes and here from the state federal perspective. glassheim. >> i think the process was that. in the tribe was not directly consulted as a sovereign nation. been.y should have they were invited to many meetings. that the early bringing of law enforcement and closing of that road was the right thing to do. the governor should have met with the tribal leader and work out a solution. a really bad situation

now. we need the federal government funds for with some law enforcement. that, we need both the companynd the pipeline to be brought to the table to outif they can find a way of this impasse. towere senator, i would try meeting.at kind of >> robert marquette response. >> i fully support the dakota access pipeline. based upon what i understand, permitting processes is all the necessary eyes have been dotted, t's have been crossed. i think we should go through with it. concern is whether or not the balkans, the condition of the world economy and with the collapse of

whether therees, will be oil that will be pumped pipeline.at i think that the most important as united i can do states senator is address the destructive monetary policies that are created by washington spending and restore free market forces so we can a more thriving economy. >> we need energy infrastructure. only for economic growth but also for national security. but to produce energy in this it to where it needs to go, we need energy infrastructure. that meanspipelines transmission, roadses rails and bridges. can rebuild the dakota safely. it goes in existing right of way

a gas pipeline and transmission line. we need this infrastructure. build it safely. we need the energy infrastructure. certainty.ulatory, we need legal certainty. to stepnistration needs up. i'm pushing them not only to get this approved but also to help us with law enforcement and so weed so that -- safety protect the farmers and ranchers to make sure the protest are peaceful. >> eliot glassheim? agree that we need the energy. we need to have pipelines. the safest use of transporting oil. we're not going to do without our lifetimes. we need to find a way to do it. we do know that

break.es occasionally there's no absolute guarantee of water.for drinking resolve thathow we issue. built.eline has to be but it needs to be done safely be done perhaps .ifferent place but that needs to be negotiated discussed further. >> robert marquette. >> well, as far as i know, in the entire process they had ensurelogist on site to that there was all the preserved.sites were ed. the petitions were fil the pipeline should just go

through. i believe that it's the safest most effective way to transport oil. to ensure that we have a and balkan to supply oil. moderator: senator hoevent response and we'll move on to another topic. sen. hoeven: as i say it can be done safely and understand it's in an existing right of way where you've already got gas pipeline and a transmission line. that's why i make the point about whether you're for fossil fuel or renewable we need this infrastructure. and also dug underneath the river so about 92 feet below the bottom of the river. if there were a leak, it would be like almost 100 feet below the river. and somehow that oil would have to come up to even get into the river and there's monitoring devices on it as well. so also, the judge, the federal district court judge in washington, an obama appointee, determined that the -- had done

everything they needed to do for siting the pipeline and the route has been changed 140 times to address any archeological concerns. so again, this is about doing it right and doing it well. but we need legal and regulatory certainty in this country to build the necessary energy infrastructure. and one final point. it's one thing to have protests. but they need to be peaceful and within the law. and what we're seeing down there is protests that are not within the law. that puts a huge burden on our law enforcement. again, the obama administration needs to step up, help get this done, and help with the law enforcement efforts. and i'm working very hard to get them to do that and to get reimbursement for the state and local costs of all this law enforcement. moderator: let's move to national security. this has become a big issue this year with some attacks in san bernardino and orlando. as senator, how would you deal with isis overseas and also with homegrown terrorism and rooting that out as well, robert marquette, you start us off on this one? mr. marquette: well, we first

have to understand the cause of the problem. particularly with domestic terrorism. and the cause of the problem is our failed interventionist foreign policy. iraq, libya, syria, yemen, none of these countries have attacked the united states. and our military and para military interventions in these regions are murdering millions of people, destabilizing the region, and these are immoral and illegal acts. and it should come as no surprise to anyone therefore that there's blowback to this activity. and that being people want to get even. they want revenge. they want justice for what's been done to their homeland and their people. moderator: senator hoeven, response.

sen. hoeven: well, you need comprehensive strategy to take out isis. we need to take out isis by working with our allies in the region that. means the peshmerga and that means the jordanians and the egyptians. the iraqis, free iraqi army. we've got to make sure that we're working with our allies and then we provide the kind of leadership and strategy, the logistics, command and control, those types of activities that can make sure that like i say, our allies in the region go in and with our leadership and strategy, take out isis. and we've got to take them out at the root and then at the same time, work in our country with the f.b.i., the c.i.a., all of our law enforcement agencies and stand strong with law enforcement to make sure that we root them out in this country as well. and that's why when robert talks about drastically cutting our military, cutting it in half, in this dangerous world, that makes no sense. and that's not something that we

can do if we want to take out isis and make sure that americans are safe at home and abroad. moderator: elliot glassheim, your response. rep. glassheim: first thing we're going to have no boots on the ground in any large numbers. the country doesn't want it. we can't do it. we've had a number of adventure wars over the last three decades. and none of them have turned out well. so i don't think we need to do that. also, we need to be friendly with all the muslim countries throughout the world who do not embrace terrorism which is a billion or more people. that's why we can't have donald trump's proposals even discussed because they -- they alienate the muslim people from the united states. and we need them to help us in combating isis.

we need to put more money into our friends, supporting our friends in jordan and elsewhere who are willing to fight against the people who are killing their people as well. at home, we probably need to increase funding for the f.b.i. and the intelligence services. and we need to do something about guns for people who are thought to be dangerous. there has to be a constitutional way to prevent them from getting guns if they've been judged to be dangerous. certainly the no-fly, no buy list would help some to not have domestic terrorists. moderator: want to get robert marquette in for a response. mr. marquette: well, i appreciate senator hoeven

putting words into my mouth but i prefer to put them there myself. he speaks about working with our allies in the middle east. there has been a wikileaks document dump that now demonstrates that as our allies, saudi arabia, and qatar, that are funding and arming isis. so i don't know how you work with allies like that. they have to understand that in syria not just a civil war. it's a civil war. it's a cold war and it's a holy war. and these three things are being played out all at the same time. and as far as the holy war is concerned, it is saudi arabia and it's qatar and certain kuwaitis and turkey that are supporting the radical islamists, isis, other types -- splinter organizations and providing them with logistics and support because they perceive bashar al-assad as a

heretic for his secular ideology. and it is part of their ideology that these infidels must be removed so they can establish sharia law. plain and simple, under syria, bashar al-assad was a place where muslims, christians and jews could all live in peace and harmony because of their secular progressive nature. and quite frankly the united states and its allies are on the wrong side of this fight. moderator: senator hoeven, response. sen. hoeven: well, again, this is why we have to support our military so strongly. and that's what i've worked to do and what i'll continue to do. but at the same time we need an administration that will stand with our allies and stand up to our adversaries on a consistent basis and put forward a strategy, working with our allies in the region to defeat isis decisively. moderator: and elliot glassheim we'll move on to another topic.

rep. glassheim: i will remind senator hoeven that we have a president who has been doing that and strategy and we have continued drone strikes and pushing isis back and he has been working with our allies. i think he's waiting for some funding from the congress, i don't know what's happened to the congress. but we -- we are doing exactly what he says he wants. and president obama is in charge of that. and it's working. moderator: let's move to the economy specifically north , dakota's economy which in the last year we've seen is very dependent on energy and oil and across-the-board budget cuts and things like that and some accusation that is maybe north dakota's too dependent on energy, too cozy with oil companies as some have alleged. and what can be done to fortify the state's economy from your seat in washington, senator hoeven, you start? sen. hoeven: again, i talked about this at the outset. the solution is not more government. it's stimulating the private sector.

and empowering people, empowering our entrepreneurs and empowering ingenuity. and you do that by reducing the regulatory burden, reforming the tax code, to make it pro-growth and encourage and empower more investment. you make sure that you control government spending. we reduced -- i agree with robert. we have to reduce government spending. those are the steps that enable job creation. and investment. and for me, jobs has always been job one. but we have to understand that that comes from private sector investment. and you got to create that climate that will help us not only grow the economy, build on our ag base and build on our energy base. i talked about the next wave of development in terms of economic growth being technology. but we've got to continue to diversify this economy. and that's been my life's work. throughout my life, both in the private sector and the public sector, as governor and senator, this is always been an absolute priority for me. moderator: eliot glassheim, a response. rep. glassheim: one of the most

important things we can do is to increase spending on research and development. much of which comes from the federal government. and where new developments are discovered and then put into work in the private sector. we have a very healthy medical operation at the university. we have research is needed in coal, clean coal and in oil. and these -- these government programs help to stimulate jobs. i would remind the senator that most government spending goes to the private sector. sometimes he acts as if the government was spending its own money on itself. but mainly governments hire private sector people to accomplish the purposes that government set out. i would think that diversifying

and the senator has been very active and i need to applaud him for his work on drone activity, which is a very good next step. and i think we should develop. but -- and we need also research money in terms of establishing an alternative energy presence in the global economy. moderator: and robert marquette. mr. marquette: all right. first thing we have to recognize the problems faced by the energy sector and the agriculture sector in north dakota are a direct result of national debt and the failed monetary policy. listen, since the great recession, the government has increased the national debt at a rate 4 1/2 times the economy has grown. it's a formula for bankruptcy. and congress knows it. they had a choice. they could have slashed government spending and paid down the national debt.

or what they chose instead to do was to bail out their banker buddies and try to stimulate the economy in an attempt to try to grow it faster than what the debt was growing. and so the interest rates with fixed near zero and billions of money printed out of thin air and the government told producers you should borrow this money to expand production and increase the supply of goods and commodities. it failed. what we ended up with was an economy with a surplus of supply in things like commodities, oil, and agriculture commodities. and when supply exceeds demand the price collapses. and this is where we are today. and senator hoeven and congres'' out of control spending that has created this problem. moderator: we need to get to our last question from our co-sponsor. aarp of north dakota. if elected what action will you take to update social security

so it's financially sound for future generations, eliot glassheim. rep. glassheim: social security is one of my top priorities. it's extremely important to tens of thousands of retired people in north dakota and millions throughout the country. people depend on it. we also need to make sure that the government guarantees that it will be there long into the future. right now, the congress has been kicking the can down the road. they've been unable to act on it. and if nothing is done very soon, within 17 years, everybody will take a 23% cut in their benefits automatically. no one will be to blame, senator hoeven, and everybody in congress will say it's not our fault. we didn't do it. but it will happen if they don't act. we need to increase the basic

level on which people pay taxes. it's only up to $114,000 of wages. we need to raise that. perhaps to $200,000 or maybe $250,000. and that will bring in enough money to deal with most of that deficit. we may have to also do things to hold benefits in check and not raise them. the one thing i will say is we have to have republicans and democrats agree on any fixes to social security. nothing will move in the congress. moderator: need to get robert marquette in. we're short on time. robert. mr. marquette: i'm not a professional establishment politician, so i don't need to lie to people about these things. the congressional budget. the heritage foundation released a report earlier this year based upon congressional budget numbers.

that showed that social security needed an immediate injection of $50 trillion in order to maintain long-term solvency. and we don't have the money. it's just simply not going to happen. c.b.o. numbers also demonstrate that we're projected in 16 years that social security, medicare, medicaid, affordable care act subsidies, and interest on the national debt are going to consume 100% of the revenues. tax revenues taken in by the treasury. leaving nothing left over for anything else including national defense. we have to recognize that the federal government has destroyed all of these programs. and we have to take these programs away from the people who have so severely mismanaged them. we need to turn that money back -- moderator: we're getting very short on time. sen. hoeven: we need to make

sure social security is solving for the long term. right now is solvent until 2034. the way we do that with economic growth. g.d.p. growth is 1% to 2% and we need to get that to 3% to 4%. the percentage of people in the work force during the obama administration has dropped from about 66% during the bush years to 62%. that means fewer people paying into social security. right now we have about 7.9 million people unemployed. million people unemployed. if we get just 20% of those people back to work, that puts $100 billion more into the social security trust fund over the next 10 years. that's why i keep going back to getting this economy going. jobs and opportunity. creating the business climate to do that. i worked to do that in north dakota's governor. and i'm working to do that in the united states senate. and i agree with eliot that we have to get people working together to do that. moderator: closing statements. robert marquette, you go first. mr. marquette: well, conservative report has given

senator hoeven a failing score of seven on a scale of 100 for his big government, tax, borrow and spend voting record in support of corporate welfare. so your choices are these. we have a big government establishment republican that pretends to be conservative when he's not. and a big government establishment democrat that is shameless about it. and then there's me. a true constitutionalist and a fiscal conservative. and i swear to the people of north dakota that i have the courage of conviction to do what it takes to make the changes that will end the destructive economic, monetary, and foreign policies and wall street's corrupting influence on government and restore the wealth, power, and control of our lives back to the people. so help me god. moderator: senator hoeven. sen. hoeven: robert, you said some things i have to respond to. i've been all over the state talking to north dakotans and i

think i know what they want. so when you come out and say you want to legalize all drugs, legalize all drugs including meth, including opium and all drugs, when we have a drug problem, that's not what north dakotans want. they don't want the military cut in half. they do not want social security ended as we know it and all somebody has to do is look on your website and they'll see that. so that's not what -- and they don't want the farm program completely abolished which you would also do. so again, this is about making sure that we do what we can to build our state and our country. and eliot, i've enjoyed working with you and the legislature throughout the years and you make the point about bipartisanship. look, we have to work together in this country. we have to come together in a positive way. i care about our country. i care about our state. i have kids and grandkids. we've got to get this economy going and we have to make sure we support law enforcement and our military so we're safe at home and abroad. that's how we build a brighter future. and i want to thank -- moderator: that's one minute. eliot glassheim.

closing statement. rep. glassheim: thanks for having us. my mother was a grade school teacher who came over in immigration around the turn of the century and they believe that franklin roosevelt saved their lives. my father was a small manufacturer, 40 people working for him. and he -- every election season, he voted for a moderate republican. so i have both of those elements in my character. and i think i'm exactly what the senate needs to be able to work across the aisle and get things done. unfortunately, i'm glad to hear senator hoeven say that he wants to work together with republicans. but he's voted 90% of the time with mitch mcconnell and has been involved in the dysfunction of washington of not getting things done.

i hope to get things done. and i hope to incorporate -- moderator: time is up. rep. glassheim: democrat and republican ideas. moderator: thanks to all of you. rep. glassheim: in nigh legislation. moderator: thanks to all of for a lively debate and thank you for watching prairie public and aarp's coverage of election 2016. so long. [captions copyright national cable satellite corp. 2016] [captioning performed by the national captioning institute, which is responsible for its caption content and accuracy. visit ncicap.org] ♪ ♪ ♪ >> c-span brings you more debates this week from key u.s. house, senate, and governors races. tonight at 8:00 eastern on c-span, the georgia senate debate between republican senator johnny isakson, democratic challenger jim barksdale, and libertarian allen buckley. then just before 9:00, democratic congressman rick nolan and republican stuart mills debate for minnesota's eighth district seat.

at 9:30, a debate for colorado's congressional district between republican representative mike coffman and democrat morgan carol. saturday night at 10:00 on c-span, the pennsylvania senate debate between republican senator pat toomey and democrat katie mcginty, followed at 11:00, republican congressman trey gowdy and democrat chris sedalia in the south carolina fourth district race. midnight on c-span, the north carolina governor debate between pat mccrory, democrat roy cooper, and the libertarian candidate. now until election day, watch key debates from house, senate, and governor races on the c-span networks, www.c-span.org, and listen on the c-span radio app. c-span, where siste history unfolds daily. >> for the next 90 minutes, a book tv exclusive. are cities tour visits -- our cities tour visits peoria,

illinois to learn more about its unique history and literary life. for five years now we have traveled u.s. cities burning book tv to our viewers. you can watch more at www.c-span.org/citiestour. in peoria --ay that came from the days where peoria was basically the kingmaker of the live variety acts that would come through town. and if you could make it there, if you could appeal to peorians, your chances of success nationally were enhanced. a it didn't play in peoria, middle american town, the first thing was -- i looked way back in history and found that peoria missed chance occurred

over 10,000 years ago when the future town of peoria was on the western shore of the mississippi river. however, the glaciers came the ancient pushed mississippi, the original mississippi river bed over 100 miles west, to its present day location. thejust has to think, with major cities that are on the mississippi, like the twin cities, minnesota, st. louis, memphis, new orleans, that peoria might have been there too , had the mississippi continued in its original position. the illinois river eventually filled in the riverbed of the mississippi, and that's where

peoria is today. our first source was charles. he's a historian from memphis, had talkedand he about all the possibilities of, you know, the automotive industry here, airline industry, he had heard where lindbergh had first come to peoria moneymen for sponsorship of his famous flight across the atlantic. peoria would have been a very, ary good town for him to try trial balloon. the, would have gone to peoria was smaller, and he had a very strong in the 1920's, a very strong flying community.

so, he would not have wasted a lot of time, and with all his marbles in st. louis, all his contacts were there, so he would ise, if he didn't plan out pitch -- his pitch to st. louis, it could have dashed all hopes and eliminated -- because his best hopes were in st. louis. so, having an engineering mind that he had, he would want to do a trial run. peoria would have been a great city to try. foryou can't blame peoria not biting at the prospect, because in the six weeks before he went around for sponsorship, or thought about it, he had bailed out of his plane twice. on the way between peoria and chicago.

so peoria money men, knowing that, would think, well, if you can't make it 150 miles between peoria and chicago, how are you going to make it over the atlantic? so it could have been a matter of great idea but wrong guy. plus, lindbergh had a nickname from his barnstorming days, "daredevil lindy," so there was plenty to think that you might be betting on a dead horse. to st.ly he then did go and did fly successfully over the atlantic. but given that st. louis certainly profited with the airline industry, and the airline manufacturing, airplane manufacturing, with the lindbergh connection, it is not inconceivable that had peoria

said yes to his sponsorship, that peoria would have been in a good situation to follow lindbergh into his superstardom. , citiesthe late 1800's were facing a pollution scourge known as "the horse," droppings of the horse, and there were dire predictions that there would be pony poo piling as high as third-floor windows in manhattan by 1930. landat's when the peoria brothers, charles and jay frank, came into the picture, and in 1893 developed the first gas powered car in america.

they started their experiments in peoria. however, their neighbors and other peorians objected to the because ithe car, startled their horses. and they also objected to the odor of gasoline, to which years wrotewhen charles duryea a letter to the father of aviation and complained about how they had to change their location of experiments on the car to springfield, massachusetts because of the peorian objection to the odor of

gasoline, to which he wrote back, he couldn't believe that beingctually preferred behind a horse. [laughter] but, but the experiment started in peoria, and certainly contributed to the final product, which was the first car. >> just to give a little background, who were the dryea brothers -- duryea brothers? >> they were two brothers who were born and raised just outside of peoria. they both had an engineering mind. both, especially charles. charles started in the bicycle business, and had several the lateor bicycles in 1800's. and jay frank, his younger brother, was more of the, could

take the engineering aspects, the creativity of his brother, and translated into a mechanical entity. so they first started out with bicycles, and peoria was big into bikes in the 1860's, 1870's . so it was a natural progression to gas powered automobiles. they ford himself thought duryea car was an engineering marvel. brothersthe duryea were not henry ford when it comes to car production, and they built very few cars. so, had they been more like henry ford, peoria would have been in the driver's seat in the car industry. in thether opportunity

educational realm for peoria was in the late 1800's, where ashington corington, whothy p aurean -- peorian himself was illiterate for most of his life but taught himself to read and write and became a fanatic advocate for education . in the late 1800's he changed endow a university that he wanted to call corringt on university, as long as there would be no football team. andwhen he died in 1903, his children discovered the contentss of the will, they and said his will, that their father was addled

when he made the will, and that was the ideaddling that oxygen was god. and the court decided with the peoria lostd so another chance at a university. however, part of that will still exists today, in that there's no college football in peoria. >> so what do these stories tell us about peoria? >> well, an appreciation that the town of peoria is not some kind of a bland, backwater community, and that the term, the phrase "will it play in peoria" just means that you are dull. the town is vibrant. it has plenty of entertainment, entertaining folks.

plenty of innovation. and just because they do not aspire to be a metropolitan area like chicago or st. louis, doesn't mean they cannot be proud of themselves. i think the book shows amply that some of the missed chances just were not of their doing, just that it happened. is just to be proud of what you have, an happy with what you have. i think the town has that. i think they are not interested , but thea, a new york perception nationally is that the phrase, meaning, "average person," as if the average person isn't worth listening to. i think he is.

a famous gang war erupted in 1926, between the shelton brothers and the burger gang. 40 or 50 men were killed. this was a vicious gang war fought out, and it included the first aerial bombing, the only one on america soil, when the sheltons commandeered a world war i biplane and flew over in deepberger's hideout southern illinois and dropped them down over, creating the only fatalities in american bombing history, because this was the only airplane raid we ever had in american history. >> i wrote the book because first of all, i had a lifetime interest, and i had been around studying thes in, gang history of downstate

illinois. i grew up in belleville, illinois, across the mississippi river from east st. louis. east st. louis figured heavily in the gangster history of downstate illinois. the sheltons, basically the shelton gang was run by three brothers. carl shelton, who was the leader, "big girl" -- "big earl" shelton, the right-hand man, and the youngest of the family, bernard, known as bernie. they were three of the seven children who grew to adulthood n a family associated with old shelton in deep southern illinois, in wayne county. they grew up very poor. they often had a tough time even having food on the table. they lived in a very ramshackle little house, about four miles east of fairfield, illinois. one thing, though, that they did

learn as kids, as teenagers, were to shoot guns. and they learned real well. when prohibition set in, they bought a tavern in east st. louis and soon were engaging, because of prohibition, engaging in bootlegging. started to serve other taverns, being the bootlegging source of illegal liquor for all the other taverns in east st. louis. the taverns in east st. louis didn't really close during prohibition. the sheltons established themselves as the major bootleggers of southern illinois. that was their first real identity. they were tough, they were mean, violent, and they were smart. they asserted themselves very quickly in the rapidly emerging world of organized crime that was, that really was spawned during prohibition. that's one thing prohibition did. it did spawn what is now modern organized crime in the united

states. now, as far as sheltons. the three sheltons who led the gang, the three of the seven kids, two of the five boys were leaders of the shelton gang. leader was carl shelton, who was very handsome, very smooth, very soft-spoken. he was handsome. he was a ladies man. he was very much, very charismatic, actually. his brother, big earl, was very good with mathematics and figures, business figures. even though none of the boys got out of grade school. [laughter] was kind of the lieutenant to his brother carl. and then the third brother at the head of the gang was bernard, known as bernie shelton, and he was the most violent of the three. bernie liked to shoot first and talk later. bernie was the enforcer. as you know, every criminal organization has one or more enforcers. bernie was the enforcer.

they gained prominence in, i would say 1922, 1923, early in the era of prohibition. and they quickly established themselves as the go-two guys in -- go-to guys in the bootlegging business for all of southern illinois. they hit a lot of -- had a lot of lieutenants, some of whom had their own little empires within the big empire, and that is not unusual. they had everything going their way, until -- there were a lot of people, obviously prohibition passed because they were a lot of people who wanted it enforced. it was not being enforced in most parts of downstate illinois. city officials looked the other way. police chiefs looked the other way. sheriffs looked the other way. that gave rise to a resurgence of the ku klux klan in southern illinois. now, that klan, it was like a vigilante organization.

it wasn't like the comic book story klan of the 50's, 60's, and so on, when half the members of the local klan are fbi agents. but the klan was very serious for a two or three year period, and comprised of a lot of ordinary citizens. they wore the white robes, the pointed head coverings or whatever, but they were a lot of ordinary citizens in the klan, because they wanted prohibition enforced. when regular law enforcement authorities were not enforcing prohibition, they took it upon themselves in a vigilante sort of way to do it. and it resulted in incredible violence, and murders, and disastrous situations. it led to an all-out war in southern illinois between the klan and bootleggers. the bootleggers, led by carl shelton, it was like the bootlegging army. and incredible at counters

incurred -- incredible encounters occurred, which i detail in great detail in my book, "the brothers notorious." the things which occurred as the klan and bootleggers fought it out made front-page headlines across the united states. from the "new york times" to the "los angeles times." eventually the bootleggers defeated the klan, andy klan went back in the woodwork. but then, dissension erupted in the ranks of the shelton empire, and one gangster in particular, charlie birger, who had his own little empire in southeastern illinois within the bigger shelton empire, a famous gang war erupted for three or months in 1926. it made headlines around the country, between the shelton brothers and the birger gang.

about 40 or 50 men were killed. the sheltons reached their peak in 1930. they had their world by the tail in 1930. everything had worked, finally come out to their benefit. their territory started south of peoria, a little south of peoria , and it went all the way down to the tip of the state at caro, illinois, where the mississippi meets the ohio. their influence and operations went a little bit into southern indiana, a little bit into southern missouri also, as well as a little bit of western kentucky. their headquarters were basically in east st. louis, in st. clair county, illinois. the st. clair-madison county area, across the river from st. louis, that was the foundation for many years of the sheltons' criminal and arises. bootlegging, racketeering, and eventually control of gambling. peoria is the last big hurrah in

the shelton saga. world war ii is starting. and it was interesting, peoria was wide open. everything and anything went in peoria. it had a national repetition for being a wide-open city, and amazingly, the underworld activity in peoria had continued to be dominated and led by local gangsters. now, this wasn't the case anywhere else in illinois. north of peoria, it was all dominated by the al capone syndicate out of chicago, and south of peoria to the tip of the state it was all shelton gang territory. and peoria have remained kind of a neutral buffer zone between these two major criminal entities. of shadya was a haven activities back then, but control of those activities had remained in the hands of local gangsters. well, as world war ii is getting

crowd outthe capone of chicago made a long-anticipated move to come into peoria and take over peoria inecause it was booming terms of things the gangsters wanted to do to make djougough. the local gangsters in peoria made a calculated decision. they knew they could not resist ifone, but what they did, they were going to be under the wing of a major criminal element, they felt the sheltons were preferable, so the shelton brothers were invited to come to peoria, expand their empire a little bit north, go right into peoria and provide protection for the criminal network in peoria from the capone guys. and that's what happened. the sheltons were invited in. they came in to provide protection. now, it didn't take very long, it was predicted the, they not only provided protection for the

rackets in peoria, but they took over. during world war ii, the sheltons were very powerful in peoria. only two of the three brothers lived in peoria, carl and bernie. big earl, although he was involved in peoria, big earl never moved to peoria. he remained down in their strongholds in southern illinois. during world war ii, the statewide shelton criminal network was run out of peoria. and it was in peoria that carl, carl considered himself a businessman, not a gangster. he considers himself supplying needs and wants of the public. the public wanted to drink. he supplied to the liquor and beer. the public wanted to gamble, it was illegal in illinois but they wanted to gamble, and carl provided casinos and small gambling parlors and so on. he considered himself a businessman. he considered himself a fomenter

of economic activity, economic, prosperity. they were not gangsters, in carl's eyes. anyway, in peoria they quickly established themselves as the bosses, and carl was, along with the legendary mayor woodruff at the time, they were running peoria during world war ii. and they got along very well, very well. mayor woodruff tolerated vice, as long as it provided revenue for the city coffers and for a number of citizens, and as long as violence was kept under control. adepte sheltons were very at meeting those requirements. they certainly gave a share of all the illegal stuff to the the violencey kept under control.

there was very little of it, until near the end when the looking,were sort of at least carl the leader was sort of looking to retire and go back to southern illinois, where he was going to live like a country squire with his land and holdings. he was big in the oil industry. was,the sheltons, peoria if there were politicians, peoria was the last hurrah for the sheltons. in death of carl shelton 1947 in illinois was one of the big three stories of the year. the other two stories where the mine disaster which took over 100 lives, and jackie robinson. jackie robinson, breaking the color barrier in major league baseball. because in 1947, when the brooklyn doctors brought up jackie robinson, that was a very big deal -- brooklyn dodgers

brought a jackie robinson, that was a very big deal. jackie robinson coming to the major league, the mine disaster, and the murder of carl shelton. it happened in 1947, around 2:00 in the morning. carl was down in southern illinois, riding in an open air jeep on a country lane near a lot of the farm land he owned and had bought with his ill-gotten gains. and he was assassinated. there were four or five gunmen waiting in brush, near a bridge, and he was machine-gunned to death. there were two bodyguards in a truck following him, but they were, they didn't function, and carl was murdered on the spot. bullets --, 15 16 14, 15, 16 bullets, so machine-gunning. that was the end of the shelton gang, because carl was the

brains. he was the only one who knew all the pieces of the puzzle. he was the only one who knew who was getting paid off where. and after that, it was difficult to keep the shelton gang. bernie tried. bernie was of course up here, and bernie tried to continue running things. bernie had a tavern right on farmington road, just a little bit down the hill from the edge of peoria, just right outside the peoria city line. bernieear later, though, himself was assassinated, shot on the parking lot of his tavern. he died about half an hour later at a hospital in peoria. or earl survived three assassination -- or four assassination attempts. he was hit, but he survived. he eventually got the message, and the shelton empire disintegrated anyway, and he moved to florida where he lived the last half of his life engaging in legitimate business enterprises.

he became a wealthy man in florida, in the jacksonville, florida area. the thing they said about big earl, if he flipped a half-dollar in the air, it floated down as a five dollar bill. he big earl lived to be, lived until 1986, when he died of natural causes at the age of 96. illinois had a terrific era, weather many people liked it or not, of lawlessness, and it captured the front page headlines and the imagination of readers and people throughout the country. and i think if you are going to study the history of this state and you want to be serious about it, you cannot ignore the role of gangs like the sheltons and so on. and what they represented. i think when i realized i was going to make a book of stories, i started writing some of

short stories for an online magazine here in town. and i realized, i didn't want to do just a peoria history book. i'm not from here. i'm a transplant here. and there are a lot of very good peoria historians here, who have written good books about peoria. i wanted to find a different angle. so i was searching out a story, just kind of research, just to have some fun with. and i was reading a book about the eastland disaster, a shipwreck on the chicago river. someone from the area said, there was a boat wreck hweere, a wind steam boat in 1918, and he wasn't sure how many people died. that was the story i started researching. the boat was called the columbia. it was 87 people killed, the worst boat wreck on the illinois river, so i wrote the book "the wreck of the columbia," which came out in 2012. again, i just started doing the

research, and once i felt i had more than what i had read before, i felt like i might have had a book. the peoria story's was basically because i started writing these short stories, started getting ae idea that i wanted to make book about these things figures and their ties to peoria. i first wrote a story for the online magazine. i wrote about the story of teddy roosevelt, and his story and his tie to peoria is that he went up this hilly, curvy road and called it the world's most beautiful drive, and that statement is kind of iconic now, a lasting tribute to the city. everybody knows, teddy roosevelt said that about that road. i thought, there's an interesting angle, a historical figure and his tie to the area. so i started doing more research, coming up with more historical figures. not necessarily celebrities, although a lot of towns have

stories about celebrities and sports figures, but i wanted to go back into ex-presidents, real famous figures. and i found not only the roosevelt story, but i went deep into that, into finding out why he was here, why he said those words, and also of course lincoln. you can always go with lincoln in illinois. almost every city in this state has a lincoln story. peoria's is interesting, because lincoln didn't visit that much in peoria, especially when he was a lawyer here in the state before becoming president. this was not in his eighth judicial circuit, so he didn't come to peoria that often. but he is known for the one speech he did here, in 1854, called "the peoria speech" where he basically said that slavery was wrong on every level, and that speech has become synonymous with lincoln and peoria. they have that connection. there was another connection. we went further into charles lindbergh, who used to, months before he became the most famous pilot in the world, he was flying airmail on a route from

st. louis all the way to chicago, springfield, and peoria where some of his stops. he had some harrowing flights over peoria. we get into that in the book. one-story, about alexander hamilton's's son, wyndham hamilton, who was here as a surveyor, serving as peoria's county's first lawyer. there's all these connections to history, which i love. i tell people that this is not a history of peoria. it is a book about history in general, with peoria in it. of course, peoria is the focus, but some stories we start here and go elsewhere, and in some stories we start elsewhere and come here, or go back. so, we cover a lot of ground here. an the core of it is peoria central illinois. -- and a central peoria.

a story with carrie nation, the sin crusader who was getting known for her antics she was the hatchet wielding grandma from kansas who thought alcohol was evil and would bust into saloons with a hatchet in her hand and start busting up mirrors and glasses. she was just starting to get some press. in kansas she was starting to do all these things, and they were arresting her for it. in this time, she came to peoria . now, she came to peoria because she was in jail and decided that being in jail was making as much of a statement as going out and smashing saloons. even though they told her she was just being a public nuisance and she could go, she decided to stay in jail. she got a letter from an editor from a peoria newspaper asking

her to come to peoria for a day, edit the newspaper, and speak. he was a teetotaler as well, so he supported sort of what she was doing. of course, peoria was the whiskey capital of the world. the interesting thing about her story, something physical still exists here from her trip. when she got here, it was as wild and as flashy as she is, her time here, but she also had asked to see a painting, a painting someone told her was hanging in a bar in town called the golden palace saloon. hadknew that the painting several images of women undressed, which was also part of her, the whole anti-moral thing for her. so she had asked to go to the bar and meet with the owner, and they told her that would probably be a bad idea, but she went. is that the owner tried to be as nice as he could

be to her. she said, this is a murder house, and you should take down this painting right away, among other things that she said. that painting is still hanging up in a bar in downtown peoria. it has lasted all these years. it is a copy of an original that has been in museums in new york. but that painting itself is still here in peoria. andhis is grandview drive, this is what teddy roosevelt called the world's most beautiful drive. it was 1910, when teddy visited peoria, and he came after an invitation from a friend, the archbishop john spalding, the leader of the catholic community here in peoria. they were good friends. teddy was invited here. it wasn't on his schedule. he was the ex-president at the time, and going around speaking in larger cities like indianapolis and st. louis, telling everyone how bad his predecessor, his hand-picked

predecessor, william howard taft, was doing. he was disappointed with how taft was running things. and his whole idea was to convince everyone that taft should not be reelected. so he was going around different midwestern cities, making speeches. he was saying, take back from the jackpotters, what he called political people who were basically becoming wealthy with power, at the expense of the people. louis,ad a speech in st. which was an interesting day for him in st. louis, the first time he took a flight. he took an air flight, which he called one of the most exciting days of his life, which is interesting for a guy who has hunted elephants. but the archbishop asked him, in between his trip to st. louis and indianapolis, if he would stop here in peoria. it happened to be on columbus day, october of 1910. so teddy said, absolutely,

because they were great friends. roosevelt came here, and wants the city found out he was coming, of course they are going to throw him a big celebration, and they did end up having a procession go down north adams street, from downtown all the way up to the beginning of grandview drive right here, just at the river's edge. there were schoolchildren lined up on the street, and people just cheering teddy as he went by. of course, he had the toothy grin going, waving. flags are waving. and the plan was to come up to the country club, which is still here on grandview drive, and he would have lunch here and speak at the hall in the evening. so as the procession went down adams street and the people cheered, they were going to come up grandview drive, up to the country club for lunch. now, the grandview drive had just been built seven years earlier. the city had gotten money from the state, basically saying,

biltmore parks. parks.d more and they decided since there was just a path here from the top to the river edge that they would build a road. at that time, they probably didn't think it would be used much for vehicles as it would be for people. they were building it for people to walk. but they built it wide. it took about a year or so to build, and when they opened it, they actually had a contest of what they should name it. and they decided that the only thing they could name it is what it represented, which was the grand view that you see, so they called it grandview drive. when teddy came to town they way to getest to the country club at that point was grandview drive. so those in the motorcade knew what teddy was in for, because they knew how beautiful this was. so the motorcade went on to grandview drive. and as they were going up, teddy told the driver to stop, and he got up, he didn't get out of the vehicle, but he stood up because it was an open air glide

automobile, the type made here in peoria, and he stood up in the vehicle and said these words. he said those words first and those are the words that were recorded in the newspaper, because i kept looking for those five payments words we know most, the world's beautiful drive. newspapers never said that he actually said those words, what he did say great, that's fine. he compared it to his home on sagamore here in oyster bay at his home there. it was a copper dust it was in october. so leaves were change and colors are spectacular like a right of fall here for people to quack this drive just to see the if beautiful color and fall so he was here at the perfect time. you know, whether he said the words exactly or not doesn't matter.

world's most beautiful drive. the connection to alexander hamilton which was interesting because alexander hamilton hot these days because of the broadway musical. alexander hamilton's son, william, was i think it was 7 years old when his father died, of course, we know the famous duel with aaron burr. but he was the young boy when his father passed away. by that time alexander hamilton had a legacy -- and william was different than his other brothers. he did not really want to go to law and go to school. he tried west point and less. he wanted to go exploring. he went that he was an explorer. and so he came down towards the mississippi river, and he had enough law and education that he became a surveyor along the mississippi river, missouri in that area.

and he came to your you to do just that. he was going to survey some of the land for the newly plotted land along the river. the fury accounting government has just established itself, they just had their first what was going to be there first trial case and ended up being a murder case involving an indian that had come to town and he had reportedly stabbed a frenchman. they had their first trial case in p aurea and the first murder case. what they did not have the time was someone who could represent the accused. there happened to be a surveyor in town who was also a lawyer, so william hamilton became the lawyer for the accused indian in the first trial case in p aurea county. it ended up being the first conviction, the first indictment, then the first connection, and ended being the

first appeal. when i read the story about the , no one really followed the story of william hamilton after that. peoria was he was here, he did this, and he went out. i talk about the story of william hamilton because he was the son of out center hamilton, and he not only had influence, but he plotted the land and industries that were named for the founding fathers. there is a hamilton boulevard in p aurea. it is on the north side of the p aurea county courthouse today. ands can influence people people can influence towns. these historical figures came to

peoria and made their mark. when you take somebody like charles lindbergh who was just a boy flying airmail. people knew him only because he would stop and because of the weather he could not go off, so if they lived near the airport, they would feed him lunch. a year later they were reading about how he landed in paris and they hero charles lindbergh. their can come and make mark and have an influence in the city, so i wanted people to read those stories because -- and never more than i thought. a town like this, which has a great history, it is the second -- the largest city on the illinois river. one time it was the second-largest city in the state. with the resource of the city at that time and the whiskey that was being made here and now caterpillar is a big industry

here. it has a very rich history, so i knew there were stories built in and there are more. the ex-president who came here to visit come up and these are the stories that struck me the most. that overall we represent lincoln in our own image. we create lincoln in our own image. the concerns of the age in which those representations are created. he reflects the desires of the thetors, the fears and occupations of the creators, whether these are creators of children's books, biographies, films. we see that lincoln is reflecting what is going on in society at that moment. so how does a sociologist look

at lincoln, or white as a sociologist look at lincoln? i am a scholar of national identity, so i am interested in the stories that all nations tell themselves about who they think they are and who they wish they could be. "lincoln, inc.: selling the sixteenth president in contemporary america." we can talk about abraham lincoln as a brand. he has become a brand that is every bit as recognizable as mickey mouse or ronald mcdonald. he symbolizes i think what many americans think is best about the nation, our youthfulness, our determination, our courage, our moral compass. these are all things that he has really come to embody, and they

are these qualities that we believe we have as a nation and we want to have as a nation. one of the points i make in my work is that abraham lincoln today has become a rorschach test. that is that we project on to lincoln as a nation, we project on to lincoln all of our finest qualities, all of our fears and fascinations and desires and hopes and dreams. we put those on to abraham lincoln. he comes to symbolize what we want ourselves to be. and what's interesting about this is that different groups do this in very different ways. so we can see for instance that lincoln is used by very different social groups, very different social movements in different ways. conservatives, for instance, tend to imagine and represent

-- we leave this program now to go live to hillary clinton -- as a champion of social justice and civil rights. so very, very different visions of lincoln. we can see this dramatically, for instance, in the way it was used by the american civil rights movement and the kkk. the american civil rights movement has sort have been joined to lincoln's memory in many significant ways. if you go to the lincoln memorial and look at the educational galleries there, you will see that there is often a direct line on linking lincoln with dr. king. and that lincoln was the beginning of the modern civil rights movement. so we see the civil rights movement capitalizing on

lincoln's image in that way is a proponent of social justice and racial equality. but at the same time or earlier in his career in some ways later in his career, lincoln was a proponent of colonization schemes. these were basically assisted migration schemes to return people of africa descent to africa, even people who were born in america, returning them to africa. so he was a proponent of colonization. he was not a strong proponent of social and political equality between whites and blacks. and explicitly said, "i am not proposing social equality for whites and blacks." so the kkk has also been used as a poster child to say, hey, look, lincoln was a

segregationist. we don't belong together. these races should be separate. we can see for instance in biographies of lincoln, those that came out right after his death in 1866, 1867, those biographers were very concerned with defending lincoln's reputation. they were very careful to say lincoln was not an abolitionist, lincoln was not for social equality between blacks and whites. they were interested in doing this because at that point in time abolitionism was really seen as quite radical and they wanted to protect him and his reputation and legacy from the tainted radicalism. so they were very careful to kind of divorce him from abolitionism or calls for equality between the races. fast-forward to the year 2000, 20th century, 21st century,

biographers tend to stress instead that lincoln was always -- he said i'm naturally anti-slavery and he was always anti-slavery, that he really anti-slavery, that he really was abolitionist at heart even though he couldn't say that and he was very much for the quality of whites and blacks. -- equality of whites and blacks. so as our politics and racial views have changed our representation has changed quite radically. we are definitely using lincoln for all kinds of purposes. we can see politicians calling lincoln to their sides using lincoln's quotes. barack obama did this very effectively during his 2008 presidential campaign. so much so that in the book i argue he was an unofficial running mate. he was invisibly beside obama the whole time. but also republican politicians, george w. bush was taking some

heat in his war on terror for curtailing civil liberties, but many of bush's defenders jumped in and said, hey, abraham lincoln did the same thing. he suspended the writ of habeas corpus during the civil war. he authorized the use of military tribunals to try civilians, so in other words of -- if lincoln did it, it must be ok. it must be just, it must accord with american values. let me give an example of the clinical uses of abraham lincoln and ideological uses as well. for instance in the battle over abortion, lincoln is often used by those who oppose abortion to argue basically that fetuses or the new slaves, that just as lincoln fought against slavery, against the definition of any humans as being less than full human beings, so people of

african descent being less than fully human, so his opponents say we should say that fetuses are fully human and we need to defend their human rights as lincoln defended the rights of slaves. so lincoln comes into those powerful ideological basis. but also in terms of being used for financial purposes, being used in advertisements for everything from sleeping pills and soft drinks to waffles and burritos and car insurance. stephen colbert used lincoln in a tagline to show that lincoln would have watched, so we see lincoln being used in all these different ways for all of these different kinds of gains. but it does not constitute abuse, but in a sense that in

the eyes of the holder. i think what we can say is that as we bear lincoln's reputation and image to our own purposes we do run the risk of losing sight of what he really did, what he really said, and what he may still really have to teach us. so i think there is a danger there of a kind of warping his image beyond recognition. so in peoria, i think our greatest connection to lincoln is his 1854 speech in lincoln. we have a wonderful statue here of lincoln delivering that speech. we have some wonderful newspaper -- archival newspaper pieces that describe his dynamic, at first i halting speech and later becoming so dynamic that he was captivating that audience. so he's really portrayed in peoria as a hero, as someone who

stood his ground against the spread of slavery. one of the things i found very interesting, both in biographies and museum exhibits and elsewhere, is that we are very likely to see in those exhibits, in those biographies the events that make lincoln look fabulous, make him look like a saint. but we are very unlikely to see some of his more objectionable statements. a good example of this is actually in the lincoln memorial itself where in the educational galleries beneath the statue they are prominent displays of lincoln quotes all around the wall. and in one of these panels, a very large panel, there's a quote from his 1854 peoria

speech. it says something like "allow all of the governed to vote, and that and only that is true democracy." so it gives us the sense that even long before lincoln was elected to the white house that he was proposing that all people, whites and blacks, men and women, should be allowed to vote. that is the only kind of governance by the people. but what the panel left out is the very next line of that speech, which was "do not think that i am proposing equality between blacks and whites. i have are ready said to the contrary." so that panel gives us the impression of lincoln as a champion of civil rights and

very conveniently leaves out the next statement, which is saying, hey, i'm not saying equality here. abraham lincoln is a construction. we can't know who he really was. we can only know our 21st century construction of who he was. and by and large, this is the case with all of our heroes. we need to be aware, not to take away from their memory or take away from the great things that these people did, but i would want people to her roach representations of abraham lincoln and our other heroes more critically, ask how

have these representations have these representations been structured? who has a vested interest in representing this hero this way? what do these representations tell us about ourselves, about our hopes and dreams for the nation, about who we think we are and who we wish we could be. collections of the university archives, so we have collections of the university yearbook, the school newspaper, college catalogs, and some of the personal items of our founder, this bradley. in 1897.ed the school the collections that we are talking about today came to us from many different donors. google concentrate on our lincoln collection today.

the other collection came to us --m a local noted linker own lincoln scholar, and he started life out as a schoolteacher, but his family had ties to abraham lincoln, which spurred his lifelong interest. in 1950, he donated his lincoln collection to the library here on campus which was just built, the first addition to our library building. it was housed in a special lincoln room on the upper floor of the library. i thought it would be interesting to take a look at some of the materials that he used to educate himself because he was primarily a self-educated man. of course, having the print image that was used in 1860 lincoln campaign for the presidency available, i thought

that was a good visual to share with the public. i brought some of the books that lincoln read that are part of the martin houser collection, a special collection here at bradley university to share with you. martin hauser was an expert on researching the education of abraham lincoln. as i mentioned before he was primarily a self-educated man. he collected the same edition of copies of works that lincoln would have had access to in his education, and i brought some examples to share with you today. the revised laws in indiana, 1824. he was able to borrow this book and it was probably the first law book that lincoln was exposed to. as we all know, he was a practicing attorney later in his adult life. the nicholas pike, "pike's

arithmetic." i will go ahead and open this up for you so you can see the actual book. if i can get it opens. this one is pretty fragile and has lost its cover, but what was important to hauser is he had the same edition of the book that he read so this is the new and complete system of arithmetic. as you can see it's from 1809, so this is a 19th century item. lincoln's father, thomas, always told lincoln to learn his ciphers, so this was probably one of the works he consulted to educate himself and mathematics. lincoln was also a surveyor, and one of the early works that he came in contact with which help them learn that trade was today 's surveying, and i

brought a copy of the same edition that lincoln would have had access to. "the theory and practice of surveying," by robert gibson, 1811. this is a fairly complicated book as far as mathematics goes. it contains a lot of mathematical tables and he worked as a surveyor for a time in illinois. this book as part of his education would have been very critical. these particular books are important because they are representative of the same editions that lincoln would have had. at one time mr. hauser did actually own a copy of one of the books that lincoln actually read, but those are quite rare and quite difficult to obtain, and so he settled for other copies of the same editions because he was very interested

in how lincoln went from basically pioneer life to becoming president of the united states. he was a very eloquent speaker later in his life and how did this come about. he lived in a log cabin and didn't have access to a formal education. there are some other examples here also. this is a copy of "dilworth's new guide to the english tongue." it is likely the very first spelling book that lincoln was exposed to. this one i do believe dates back even a little bit further. you can find a copy right here, 1791. an even earlier work. later on he would have had a copy of the webster's dictionary, that's on display

back here. lincoln also served as a soldier in the blackhawk war in 1832 in illinois, and he was known to have read the biography "the life of blackhawk" during his early education, and there are other oaks also on display. the collection includes actually a musical book that's quite interesting. this is the "missouri harmony" of 1836, and it said that lincoln would gather with the other people at the rutledge tavern. and they would sing songs. they didn't always have musical instruments, and this is kind of an example of shaped-note music where the different notes were depicted in different shapes come either squares or triangles or circles. it helped the people to read

music without having access to musical instruments. it was an a cappella form of singing that was known as sacred harp music. if you have seen the movie "cold ," you would see examples of sacred harp singing. lincoln would gather at the rutledge tavern with other people in new salem and they would use the harmony book to sing a cappella, and it was said lincoln was not a very good singer. many researchers who had special collections were interested in seeing items in lincoln's own hands so i'd brought a few examples to share with you today. a person from central illinois at the time period of lincoln was dr. robert boal. the objects that i brought with me today all relate to lincoln's relationship with dr. boal.

he lived in peoria later in life, but at the time that he knew lincoln he lived in marshall county near lincoln, illinois. he served in the state house of representatives in the 1840's and as is a state senator in the 1850's. he met abraham lincoln in 1842. some of the documents relate to correspondence that lincoln wrote back to dr. boal in response to letters sent to lincoln. we will look at a brief example here. this is the letter of september 14, 1856, from lincoln to boal. he had been invited to speak at a rally at lakeland, illinois, and this was his response. he would be there if he can in fact he did come and represent the political party at the rally throughro -- and passed

peoria on his way there. the second letter found an example of his longer in length. it's dated christmas day, 1856, dr. boal. boal was to seek the position of speaker of the house of representatives, and lincoln encouraged who was also contemplating a run for speaker and to persuade arnold that he could do much better for himself and get more credit on the floor of the house than in the speaker's seat. ultimately, neither dr. boal or arnold won the seat because it went to the democratic candidate. another document came to us through dr. boal, and this is no book that lincoln during the run for senate in 1855. and it contains in lincoln's

handwriting the names of all the legislators. in 1860 when abraham lincoln became the republican party nominee for the presidency, it became necessary to clean up lincoln's image as a frontiersman. in 1857, noted chicago photographer alexander hessler had taken a portrait which you are probably familiar with of abraham lincoln in a rumpled suit. doubt with a political campaign imminent it became necessary for , a new image of abraham lincoln. lincoln was a busy man, so hessler came to springfield from chicago to make new photographic images of abraham lincoln, and several images were shot in springfield, june 3, 1860.

the hessler prints, which is reproduced, is one of those images. the glass plate negatives were made by hessler of the images made at springfield. unfortunately, the two that still survive and are in the smithsonian institution were shattered in 1933. prior to that time, hessler, thinking ahead had made it a positive plates of the original images, which eventually came into the hands of the state historical society which places them on bradley university. as you can see the portrait here lincoln has a fair comment and

has to suit preston looks very distinguished that although with a little bit of roughness around the edges. he did make a good image for political ribbons and campaign posters of the time to be distributed during the 1860 campaign and this became a very famous image of mr. lincoln. the image of lincoln proved very successful in use for the campaign memorabilia from 1860, and he didn't grow his beard until after he reached the white house. so it's a very impressive image. bradley university is proud to have these items in our collection to preserve them for posterity and make them available to use both locally and on a wider perspective for those researchers and students interested in the legacy of abraham lincoln and the civil war and how it relates to war and how it relates to peoria history. isthe title of the book exactly what an officer says

-- if he isnjured killed, the next officer that is called says officer down. that is a clue that means ambulance, captains, will come when they say officer down. it is not a biography, but it is a profile. and i do mention of course their names and where it happened and go into the actual shooting or the death of this officer and then of course the coroner's inquiry. that was very important, and then to his family and then finally where he was buried and the ceremonies when a police officer died in peoria. it was black crepe paper. it was hung on the city hall and

the police department, and they made a big deal, and, of course, if they were buried here, even if they weren't buried here, we had the contingency of police officers and they went to the owners for everyone of these police officers, all of them. after the book was out and we had 18 in there, i began in 1828 in peoria, i began reading the entire history of peoria. it took me years and years and years, and out of that i decided i was going to be a true crime writer. an officer named joe skyler was killed in 1894. they called him officer joe and he had badge number 9. he was a rounder. we had rounders in this area. see how brilliant that is? they patrolled a lot of times

just their neighborhoods, and sometimes joe would sit on the swing at 2:00 or 3:00 and watch and listen and walk in the morning at home and just watch and listen and walk. that's pretty much what officers did up until they got mobile. they basically walked and finally then they were given cars and so forth but mainly they were neighborhoods officers and generally the mayor picked them, so you know how political it was. but that all ended. joe was a wonderful person and went over to bartonville to serve a simple warrant because some 18-year-old stole a bike. he got in a conversation with a dad, and guns were pulled out and joe was hit four times in the chest. when we tried this the sad thing is when we tried

this peoria killer in, illinois, he was found not guilty. we were not a city into 1845 and we were one mile square. that is it. prairie andjust river and rough guides and tough guys. and believe me, you have a weapon, and let me tell you something about the early police officer. he knew every bad guy in town. into, he didcame not ask you anything except what are you doing here, what are you doing in town? , and you better say, i have this rhyme that, and then of course he had no way of checking. they could not check on him. behavior, what generally talked to the bartenders. the bartender said, see that guy over there, joe? that is exactly it. who werehese early men

police officer who were killed in taking in someone, a lot of times in our cameras, which he eventually had 240 of them in 1840. udy, was a wide open, ba lusty town. we were the absolute capital of our call. alcohol capital of the world, which we love, and during the civil war, -- not when i say we, i'm talking about the peorians. abraham lincoln knew where we were. bookslaim in the history about 87% of the financing of that war came from good old booze, and this was the place. and we were a river town and proud of it. yet steamboats coming, later the

trains. ofhad every conceivable kind thing you could imagine in a way of entertaining. this is a family show, but you are catching on, and hope. certainly gambling very early on. and this brought certain types of police officers. they really had to be sophisticated enough to know what was going on, and he handled it, and they did a wonderful job. truly did. we actually had 15 of our 21 police officers that died in the line of duty. 15 of those were killed by gunfire. and i wrote separately about them, but i put all of them in here. the last person in our police department killed was a wonderful lady. i think she died in 2004. she was a trainer and died in a squad car, in an accident.

but faulkner, a police officer, they call them jim faulkner, he was brutally shot. not only did the person that shot him kill him, but he came back and shot him twice. but i really -- in my lectures i get a little more graphic, and in the book i tell you exactly what the medical examiner says. i never use my own words, because i know there is family. , and in myoking lectures i always hoped they were never there. , did youid ask anyone have an officer? because i did not want to talk to them, you know?

it is sad enough, and then to do it in public, i felt like i was violating them in some way. , and it a lot to me could not run it again. i will give it to somebody. i will get all the rights to someone. this is not my history. i put it in there, but i would love to see it done and have the city sponsor it. that we do not come to these come 36, 42, 54. i have to all of them. and i got them all on a monument. we got a monument, we had a nice dedication, and the peoria district has not had a memorial on this monument since then.

that irritates me. theyhat reason could possibly not want to honor these people who were killed question mark there was one who was a constable. we elected constables in peoria and five of them so they are political, aren't they? you have to ask yourself, what kind of a clock gets elected? think about that. arthur smith was a wonderful police officer, and the main thing i found out about them is they are more courageous than the guy next door, really they are. do not regret, they are well trained today. there was a time when they were not in peoria because the friend, his son, wanted and that went on for a

long time even during the time that that mayor woodruff was our mayor for 24 years. that's how you got support and then after he got in he said thank you johnny. and then you say, mayor, my son is a nice-looking boy. i wonder if you would be interested in hiring him. from 1962 to 1995. that would be my officers. they are all retired. though -- they are nowhere near my age. were very, very aware of who they are, and the job that they had, and i can tell anyone whoever is approached by police officer, all you have to do is just the simply courteous. as all. and you demand that came. all the trouble you are seeing now i am not talking

about element to wakes up in the morning and has a whole plan to kill an officer. i have no answer for that one. we know who they are. we listen to them. of we are worried, scared terrorists. it is a whole brand-new world, but for you in peoria, my hometown, i am giving you the only thing i know. i do not care what he says, what he did, shut up. and just keep your hands on the wheel, and then when he says to you, would you hand me your driver's license? you are going to have to turn. as a time when there is an element of danger. them in the i have side of my door. they just are looking at you. they do not know who you are. and of course it scares them. and the minority people in our town, they will out salute the tell you this.

that they will absolutely tell you this. i think we have had a pretty good relationship for all these years that i know of. i think they will learn about these officers, that these men, when the time came to give their life, they did. these them to look at police officers as a man and a quickly would give their life to protect you and your family, and i think about the way the police officers being attacked today, and it really is sad as a nation, and that people are doing this are really going to have to pay. i am serious.

they are not going to get away with it. there are too many real americans around who realize that wet thin blue line saw in the old movie, they are the ones, and if he is gruff with you and somehow you do not like cam, again, i blame him for that. he is in control. and if he sees that you are upset, and that is how the confrontation starts. who read the people this book do know that there are people willing to do that for you, and the least you can do is give them the respect that they deserve. when the night think that i wrote for, one after the other, either turned down, i knew i would have to write the book. was the leader or the guiding

force, the start, the second great movement of feminism in this country. she wrote "the feminist in 1963, and she struck a chord with women. she left peoria and went out to change the book -- the world with her. park in frontview of the monolith for betty tribute,the hometown since she was born and raised here. what's in the class of people you high school 1938, very distinguished class. a contends that he was genius. she was a little bit lonely because she had thought that others did not.

able to take care of herself and be kind of a loner but very brilliant. in high school she created a literary magazine and wrote pieces along with others and i have got to read one of them. it's in the archives called "i am paper." it was all about paper and how it transfers ideas from one person to another and i thought how prophetic richie was a woman who worked with words and was a writer but when she was in high school she must have known that already. maturation was her mother. her mother had a career. she was a writer for the society page for the local paper, and upon marriage to a very successful man, her father was a jeweler.

he had his jewelry store so they were fairly well-to-do in that day and age back in the 1930's and 1940's. he had his own store and he insisted that his wife give career. i think her mother was a little disgruntled about that and children pick up everything. as brilliant as betty was and the oldest of the three children that they had, i think that had an influence on her. she came to peoria high school, had some brilliant teachers there that helped her mold her town and like i said she did that literary magazine. i wish i had a copy here. there are two copies i think that survived, and it's fascinating for highs old kid to speak in the terms that she did and to put the words together. i think there's different opinions about what "the feminine mystique" really is. actually, what i took away from

the book is that women had been traditionally put in roles and they were to stick with them, and the idea that they should be fulfilled by just being mom or help mate, and what her thesis was, and after talking with her, it all came out of the survey she did from her classmates at smith when they went back for a class reunion. she found there was a discontent or something missing and thought you that was the mystique, that women should be happy with just being told this is what you get to do. they needed more in their life. just like any of us they wanted to aspire like any of us. i think she was a writer of magazines, but there is much more written about her in magazines than she ever wrote. she is fascinating. she was considered one of the 100 most important and

influential women in the world, and she left peoria to go out and change the world. she did come back. she had a conflict of friends, 10 to 12 she counted on, and when she was kicking around ideas for her book, she would talk to her friends, test out her ideas with them. that was a really close in important friendship that she kept over the years. i heard her say that what she took from peoria was a sense of ness, thena grounded us she articulated, i learned that people coming together can really effect change. that is what she did after she read that book and other feminists understood what she said.

it struck a chord. they came together and created the national organization for women, the women's caucus. you are from washington, d.c. that is what she did, and she swears or at least she did that that is something she got from howia because she could see the community could come together and make changes that were positive changes for this community. and she said that is what she learned here. she is in peoria becoming more revered, and quite friendly it is because of the work of dorothy sinclair and others with this tribute from because to set the record straight, she was not a heater, hater, she was blunt, opinionated, but she loved her children, she had a traditional life. she was a married woman. people remember her as being brilliant and

gifted. there has been reluctance to embrace her, but she did not care. she was not an embraceable type of woman. his heart for me to say because i am so and meshed with her and my feminist friends, but i think she is being sought more highly all the time. to peoria,t "booktv" is a "bo exclusive. you can watch more at c-sp an.org. >> earlier today, the fbi launched an investigation saying they found additional e-mails related to hillary clinton's use of a private e-mail server. the fbi plans to take new steps

in regard to the issue. the letter reads in part, in connection with an unrelated case, the fbi has learned of the existence of e-mails that appear to be pertinent to the investigation. the fbi should take investigative steps to review e-mails to determine whether they contain classified information. the state department also commenting on the revelations. there is what spokesman mark toner had to say. know, the fbiyou director has just informed congress that they have found new e-mails that are pertinent to their investigation into the secretary's server. what do you guys know about it? do these e-mails related to while she was secretary of state? what do you know? have you been asked to

cooperate? toner: we do not know much more than you know. we just call this would result news reports of the letter. at this point i would have to refer you to the fbi for more what e-mail they may be looking at. what they are looking for. anymore details at all, we do not know about the scope of this , but histigation effort to look at additional e-mails. we do not know what these e-mails pertaining to her time while she was at the state department. we do not have any information at this time. you say you just learned about it from the letter -- reporting.what they >> and congress - toner: this is the first

navigation we have had. >> you will cooperate? oner: of course, we will cooperate to the full six and we can't. can.eek we are mystified, but unaware. >> as the state department turn e-mails -- because people are trying to understand -- toner: i do not have additional details. we do not have any additional details or information to arrive at this point. -- to provide at this point. >> the court has ordered you to

produce several more batches of the e-mails that the fbi turned over. anticipate that those releases will continue as per schedule and -- in other words, any investigation by the fbi is not going to interfere -- is not going to affect your release of the e-mails that they gave to you? toner: speaking as someone newout full vision on this development, i do not see that they would be in conflict. we plan to proceed with publishing these e-mails in

accordance with legal commitments we have a. >> you are not aware if those e-mails are at all pertinent to this? mr. toner: no. >> what about the idea if these are new clinton e-mails, they would be state department assets? stateelong to the department if they were clinton e-mails or someone who was working for her during her tenure as secretary? so the question would be, were you or have you asked the fbi to hand over those documents, and if you have any? toner: we are trying to figure out what these e-mails even pertain to come if they were relevant to the time when she was secretary. if they are, we will work with the fbi, but i do not have more

details to provide at this point. >> reaction from members of congress was swift. paul released a statement that reads -- reaction from secretary clinton's presidential rival donald trump was quickly forthcoming as well. here is what the nominee had to say at a rally in new hampshire this afternoon. mr. trump: i need to open with a very critical breaking news announcement. the fbi has just sent a letter

thatngress informing them they have discovered new e-mails pertaining to the former secretary of state hillary clinton's investigation. [cheering] trump: and they are reopening the case into her criminal and illegal conduct. that threatens the security of the united states of america.

hillary clinton's corruption is on a scale we have never seen before. we must not let her take her criminal scheme into the oval office. i have great respect for the and thet the fbi department of justice are now willing to have the courage to right the horrible mistake that they made. this was a grave miscarriage of justice that the american people. understood, and

it is everybody's hope that it is about to be corrected. so that is a big announcement and i heard 10 minutes ago, i guess obviously most of you inks have heard about, and all fairness, for all of the people that have suffered, we're including ao much, four-star general, james cartwright, general betray us, and many others, perhaps finally justice will be done. the news ofon to additional scrutiny by the fbi, the chairman of the hillary clinton campaign john podesta released a statement, saying --

already we have seen characterizations that they are reopening the investigation as part of a statement from john podesta. >> later in the day, hillary clinton made a brief statement in des moines concerning the fbi's announcement about the discovery of new e-mails. we took a few questions from the news media. mrs. clinton: good afternoon, i would like to say a few words and then take your questions. comey'now seen director