and hear from returning members. the house gavels in at noon. opening day business includes the election of the house speaker. his address to the whole house and debate and a vote on rules for the new congress. one rule in particular is getting attention, a proposal to fine members who live stream video from the house floor, in response to last summer's democratic sit-in that was streamed by several democrats. on c-span2, our live coverage of the senate starts at noon eastern and includes the swearing in of senators. opening day continues on c-span3 with live coverage of the ceremonial swearing-in of members of congress. at 1:00 p.m. eastern, vice president joe biden presides over the swearing in of individual senators. at 3:00 p.m., speaker paul ryan swears in members of the house. we will have a full replay at 8:00 eastern on c-span and c-span 2. >> sunday, in-depth features of

a discussion with three caretakers of smithsonian documents and artifacts. andary of congress, archivist of the united states, in the others. they talk about the challenges and opportunities they see in the years ahead. this is 50 minutes. >> we are in the library of congress. for a conversation with three people responsible for conserving the nation's history and treasures. my question is for carla hayden, starting this job in the fall of 2016. why did you take this job? let me have you finish this sentence. i took this job because i want to -- carla: i wanted to open this wonderful treasure chest to as many people as possible. the room we are in now has 6 stradivarius violins and original scores from beethoven, hayden, no relation. iginal scor

hayden, no relation. there are so many things here. david ferriero, do you remember what you said yes? -- why you said yes? ferriero: i said yes because of the opportunity to participate in and administers andi was serious about, thought that the national archives have a role to play in transparency. dr. skorton, why did you

say yes to such a different gig? dr. skorton: part of the goes back to my dad, who was a nationalist citizen. little -- were were a little corny. he said if you can do something for the country, you should do it. i felt like i had some small part in telling the story of america. new that libraries and museums are one of the most trusted kinds of institutions in the u.s. at a time when not every institution is trusted. i thought it would be nice to the sector. wish the camera had been rolling when you all sat down. how often do you all caps together -- do you all get

together like this? ms. hayden: we will be doing more of this type of discussion about what we can do together. where wehe third time have had a chance tour together. >> is quite a community. it goes from the large institutions to smaller ones that are still tools nonetheless. -- jewels nonetheless. thank you for doing this with the c-span audience today. if you ask each of you could give us a cap celeste history of your institution -- i's

--- capulized history. it started with a small collection of books in the house and capital, the jefferson building we are in, was a building built and opened in 1897. thomas jefferson famously gave monumentalion of library for congress. it has grown to one of the largest libraries in the world. susan: point are your responsibilities today? ms. hayden: the library of congress has 162 million items, including the sheet music i lincoln'sto abraham mask, all types of things.

it operates in the u.s. copyright system. a lot of the materials that built the national library part of that process. susan: the smithsonian came along next. outed it get started -- how did i get started? man was an: a admirer of the early american experience in 1970, and requested he give $200 million of his net worth to the united states. the united states decided to accept that set of something. he wrote that he wanted the institution to be oriented to

what he called "the increase and diffusion of knowledge." that is what the smithsonian has become. 19 museums and galleries. affiliated around the united states, a traveling exhibition service. our collection is 156 million objects, including 2 million books. items ranging from biological specimens to the ruby slippers, to the hope diamond. plugt to just put another in for the library of congress. not only were all these things mentioned, but the musical instrument collection is fabulous here. when i first came, carla's

predecessor gave me a tour. it was to die for. you can play one in an inadequate fashion. how did the national archives, about? around 1934. i was convinced it was because personal passion for records. selectinglot of time the first archivists. creating what would be the process for managing the records of the government. that has been the mission from the beginning. scheduleson for the

for the executive branch agencies, managing records of congress and supreme court, building staff, and creating the management of government records. which looks easy from this perspective. he had similar problems with agencies being reluctant to give up their records, the president having to lay down the law about this. it is at this point a collection of 13 million pieces of paper, 43 million autographs, miles of film video. the fastest partnering -- the fivest-growing record is terabytes of electronic records. saved?visit all -- is it all saved?

mr. ferriero: the federal records asked governs the federal branch. every agency has a records manager. they create record schedules to identify the kind of records and how long they need to be retained for legal purposes. 2%-3% of those that are legal value need to be kept forever get transferred to us. everything that is created in the white house's record. susan: that means that the presidential library system-- mr. ferriero: 13 presidential libraries are part of the national archives also. susan: we have an incoming president who tweets. will you be gathering all of his tweets? will that start january 20? mr. ferriero: it starts after the inaugural ceremony, as soon

as he is sworn in, the record-keeping starts. two weeks will not be new - tweets have nothing new. we have been collecting this president's tweets. susan: very different kinds, though. [laughter] it will be interesting for future generations of researchers. this is another round robin question. and theirizations structure is interesting. you were appointed by the president and went through the confirmation process. who is your boss and how long is your term? ms. hayden: did congress. -- the congress. it is a 10 year term. the librarian is the only appointee that is a presidential appointment.

the other 3200 people that work at the library are government employees, federal employees. there is not an appointment process. when nine inch in congress, there are appropriations committees that have oversight, and quite a bit of interaction with congress. susan: is there still a joint committee? mr. ferriero: yes, in both houses. susan: are they active? ms. hayden: they are active. what has been hard in working in congress is the interest of most of the legislators in history. it was striking during my confirmation process, seen how much the legislators knew about

cement and wanted to their place in history. susan: what is your operating budget? how much of that is federally subsidized? ms. hayden: just about all of it. $632 million. the smithsonian has done a wonderful job of working with patriotic philanthropy. the library has been relatively new to that. the fact that we are in this coolidgea gift of mrs. with these stradivarius instruments. susan: first lady coolidge? ms. hayden: no. susan: i don't know how far back the history what. susan: to whom do you report?

dr. skorton: the president. we have oversight committees in both the house and senate. our main communication is with the white house. susan: what is your operating budget? is it all federally funded? dr. skorton: about $450 million. each of the presidential libraries, as well as the flagship national archives have private foundations that supplement that. susan: your government structure is interesting. there is a board of regents. there is a chief justice, vice president, and leaders of congress serve on it. you are stealing my thunder. it is an interesting governing system. 9 are private citizens. there are eight public service. 6 sitting members of congress. not necessarily leaders, but three from the house and three

from the senate. the chancellor of the smithsonian is the chief justice. i report to the board. i am not a political appointee or a federal employee. these missoni and is something called -- the smithsonian is something called a trust instrumentality. 1/3 are federal employees, one third are not. we have 6000 volunteers on-site. you can see them when you come to the library and archives. we have another 6000 or so digital volunteers from the far. it is an interesting governing process, and it works well. center has an advisory board which is delegated certain aspects of functioning.

the actual governance is done by this 17 person border regions. susan: are they active? dr. skorton: very active. boarde a subset of the that meets my telephone every month. they are quite active. susan: talking about funding, how important has private philanthropy den to what you want to get done? ms. hayden: before you answer to make one provision. the donor is staring at me. [laughter] i think even the candles are flickering a little that. i would be remiss because of

this philanthropy. you do understand. [laughter] dr. skorton: i think that the public-private partnership has been beneficial. lots of things that the public can afford, and many want to support these institutions. we have something for everyone. digitization, support of user education, exhibitions. all of those are wonderful for collaboration. smithsonian'seep budget is about $1.4 billion. roughly 1.2% comes from federal appropriations. the rest comes from a combination of retail and shopping, imax theaters, cafes

and other things. we have been fortunate in getting generous philanthropy. the $1.5lready passed billion mark. i come from iron education. of philanthropy -- aren: i know that you dealing with so many donors, you don't want to single out one. it is unusual in a generation to have a private philanthropist with pockets as deep as his ha ve been. can you talk about his role, and what kind of editorial control does one seek? do you get to keep your

independence? mr. ferriero: that is the best thing about david. there is no pressure. control where the resources are used. he is a passionate collector, and he wants his collection in the public. he wants to place them where people will see and appreciate them. he bought ross perot's copy of the magna carta. just months before i arrived on the scene, he was the first person to welcome me to washington. he graduated from two university. he checked with the president to make sure that i was a credible person. he has been incredibly supportive &.

but never pressure in terms of how we display or make decisions for us. what has a simple donor like that made to the smithsonian? my colleagues can agree that philanthropic fundraising is a bit of a dance. a passionapacity and for something or other. you want to match them up with priorities. one thing about david rubenstein is that he hasn't brought things he is ranges -- he has a broad range of things he is interested in. reader ofracious history. when you see him do an interview, he has no notes and manages to take it from memory.

partner.en a terrific e wants to do what the institution finds to be a high priority. to give him credit for beyond the three of us sitting here, he does the same for the american people through monuments and memorials. he is helping with the elevator in the washington monument, doing something for the lincoln memorial. he truly wants to share his passion and wealth these acquisitions with the american people. ms. hayden: he credits dean at

pratt library in baltimore --- e noch pratt library in baltimore for his love of reading. there was a limit of 12 books in the and have to wait for a week. this year at the national book festival, he was there meeting people from all walks of life. e sponsored literacy awards for nonprofit organizations encouraging young people to learn to read,. -- learn to read. the power literacy. a deep sense of responsibility for funding these institutions. it is not his own personal feeling. he hosted a meeting at the

giving pledge. three of us the opportunity to present our institutions to these numbers. asan: is private philanthropy uniquely american concept? is a wordro: unique you want to use sparingly. it may not be unique, but it is much more of the american ethos than anywhere i have visited. there are generous people everywhere. it has been a big part of america. that say with authority the smithsonian would not be what it is without the public-private partnership. generous witheen us. generous support.

without the excellence we can get from philanthropy, we could not do the things that we do. susan: each of you is concerned -- each of you is charged with conserving the nation legacy. do you ever compete for things he wants to conserve? i have enough in my custody now that i would be fighting with two for more. i think there is lots of open territory to be working on preservation. we have had similar materials in terms of formats. we have had a serious preservation needs. we have talented staff working for each of us in preservation units. we have some real opportunities for collaborative work. folksom competition, the we are so lucky to have as trusted colleagues worked

together already in preservation. they form a network in washington and beyond of experts in some complicated areas that involve chemistry and physics, some things that are more can to art than science. you can't handle these things without the kind of corporation. lot fromnd learn a working with your colleagues. susan: the task of digitization seems mind-boggling. the library of congress was behind the curb on digitization. how are you approaching it? my predecessor started a wonderful digitization effort in the early 1990's. unfortunately that technology caught up with the effort.

there looking at combining preservation and conservation efforts that relate to digitization with whatever collections might be useful for, k-12 education, as well as actually being's popular. there is a big push to make sure that we are digitizing things that can be useful more rapidly. susan: how about your task? mr. ferriero: this is been an enormous. anyone interested in family history ancestry.com. comes from content the archives. have done a fair amount of

digitization in-house ourselves. it is nsf project. project.assive where in an environment the records are created electronically. making more things transparent on an expedited schedule. can you talk about the mission and philosophy behind your charge? mr. ferriero: part of the open government initiative was the creation of a national declassification center. material thats of are classified and added onto the part of the administration.

a presidential executive order outlining criteria by which material could both remain classified. mandates review about 4 million pages of classified material going back to world war i with a three-year deadline. and 85%wet, reviewed, has been released. we will expedite the review of materials so we don't get into huge backlog situations. susan: when you are at the point you want to be, what will be the result to society? >> we have a bold goal to digitize anything the collection so that anyone can have access to this material at their fingertips.

the reason the national archives was created so that the american public could hold government accountable for his actions. you can do that from home. the smithsonian has a robust web presence. how much of that is credited to the museum experience and how are you making that available to people? we spent time digitizing cardiac images and analyzing them. it was going to be hard to impress me coming into the smithsonian. i have been very impressed it is a big challenge to know

how much to digitize in what order. at any one time with our collection, only a tiny fraction can be on public display. impetus fromg inside the smithsonian and outside to make voice accessible. it more accessible. our visitor numbers are tiny compared with the rest of the world. we feel a strong motivation to make it accessible. over 140 million biological special men's related to natural history. we we will ever digitize

those things. our asian art galleries, we have digitized the entire collection. even though only a fraction is , today you can look at anything in the collection because of the digitization effort. is three dimensional digitization. we incorporated inside the 11ollo 11 caps off, -- capsule, 3d digitization. i take no credit for this. the smithsonian was doing great

work. they are leaving the field with some objects nationally. technologies are you excited about? 3d, also tactile experiences. all of those types of things that make the experience, life. >> claim excited about social weia and the opportunities exploited to engage the public. have 13 billion pieces of paper. a large percentage of them in script and cursive.

have generations of school kids who can't read our records. ofhave loaded a thousands documents and have people transcribing for us. the use of social media excites me. short time in the the response has been tremendous in terms of twitter. tweet one or two things a day. been growing. what technology are you

most excited about? computerl reality is a programmer developing a artificial world. you can walk into a structure. people are beginning to commercialize it by putting a headset on. that complete experience is made up by the programmer. augmented reality in which there is a real object. let's say this attractive c-span mug. the computer programmer could develop a reality around the mug. this one was produced -- i know each one is lovingly written by hand -- that would be the way to put it in context.

we have a group of high school students who helped us put together. i have been asking them, what do you think the next technologies will be? they tell me two things. to a person, they want to make sure we preserve the collections. i was surprised to hear them say that. they want us to use augmented reality to put the object in context. talking at a time when reports of russian hacking are in the news. how concerned are you about hackers in your collection? >> very concerned. >> very. >> as i said, the shift from

paper to electronic record-keeping is underway. we have an all electronic archive in the near future. content isy of the something that i am very concerned about. >> not only for the reasons of our mission, but as an employer. about the records of our employees. all of us here have suffered in greater or lesser degree because of the hacking in the office of personnel management. expendration has to serious effort thinking about cyber security and auditing those efforts. personal opinion is that nothing is secure. susan: you have priceless

collections. the library of congress has had incidents in the past few years. aboutncerned are you theft? >> constant vigilance. >> i have been in this business long enough to know that the balance between access and protection is real. a large percentage of the problem is insider theft. raising awareness about keeping and i on each other. susan: is that discouraging? >> theory discouraging. -- very discouraging. we had an incident where a longtime staff member was caught stealing film from the national archives. the damage that it does to the

staff is real. ms. hayden: that is one of the reasons i make sure i follow all the security protocol. when i come in, i open all of my thanks. on the way out, i do it. i want that to be the culture, that even the library and is subject to the security measures . >> i do the same thing with my badge and belts. the balance between security and access is critical. it is about the safety of the millions who enter. we try hard to hit the right balance. great comingwas

into the library. theremetal detectors and scanners. people were polite. even on quite a chilly day by washington standards. in my home state of wisconsin or illinois, they might consider us bit wimpy. windy -- ms. hayden: we were close with the u.s. capitol police. they are very cognizant. we had an appreciation day for them. we showed them how much we appreciated them. susan: susan: how many visitors does the library get? ms. hayden: almost 2 million. washington, 1.5 million.

susan: is july 4 the big day? >> we own july 4. [laughter] we have a wonderful ceremony reading of the declaration of independence. susan: how many visitors to the smithsonian get? over 20 million visitors, but that is because all of our locations. when a pandaaging does something, it is national headlines, but when i do something, nobody listens. [laughter] susan: maybe we need a camera in your office. super views of these institutions -- the purviews of these institutions is mandated.

many say, i want to be preserved in the smithsonian. how do you make that decision? & hired are historians to have the professional knowledge to decide what is of and what ise necessary to make the collection more complete. people happily offer things from their lives. the national museum of african american history and culture opened to five months ago. -- 37,000 item collection.

many times the person said, this is something we have had in our attic or coffee table. if you are telling the story of african-americans, maybe will want to have this. it is a dance between something that somebody knows about and what fits into the overall scheme of our collection. it is an art more than a science. susan: single most amazing thing in your collection? ms. hayden: that is tough. >> i will bring up my dad. milwaukee to los angeles after the doctors moved to brooklyn. -- dodggers moved to brooklyn.

my desktop that was the greatest that was thet greatest thing. ofn i was shown the backroom the museum of natural history, it brought tears to my eyes to see sandy koufax's mitt. they said, a want to meet to -- meant a lot to me to see that. it is a wonderful position i have not found yet. the contents of abraham lincoln's pockets.

i am still looking for a treasure. the library at the time safe.ered a that no one knew theyombination, so extricated someone from prison that was known to the handy. itn they opened the safe, was a small box that had been given to the library of congress by abraham lincoln's granddaughter. is the there would be some spectacles. it resonated with me.

there is only one cemetery in springfield. i will find something else i am sure. discovery knocks my socks off. i'd had to choose one, choose 3. the charter of freedom,, constitution, and bill of rights. they are with us today because of that rescue. favorite in each of their collections. if my colleagues really cared about me, they would loan me in

my office. a beautiful glass root, and the bill of rights. it's a small thing. in your kitchen. regularly.t talking on bill of rights day. our time is going quickly. i am going to go over a few minutes. story when american it is not always pretty. we have talked about values we

preserve. history has not been pretty. i wonder how you wrestle with that aspect. >> the mission has been to provide and take care of the records of the country without stories.to good or bad collect everything so that the people can hold government accountable, whether they were lettingbad decisions, future generations make the decision whether it was right or not. any of our libraries have ,reated decisions in terms where they allow schoolchildren access to the records of decision made by that

administration. members of the cabinet has access to the same documents. susan: with living presidents, is that task more difficult? >> i am proud that has been implemented at the george bush library. the same kind of info opportunities are available for students. susan: the library of congress. ms. hayden: the veterans history project. have history of veterans and sometimes that history is not told.

like the rosa parks collection, and her letters to her mother, where she talks about how she felt so worthless and depressed. she worried that telling the , that itut her story would disillusion people if they knew that she had these feelings. i have great confidence and faith in the american people. i think they deserve to know the whole story. that instrive to do letting history speak for itself. virtually any area in the smithsonian tells stories that are uplifting and stories that andnot our proudest moment, my point of view is that the american people have the right.

my confidence is that they will want to know the whole story. i think that is true of our elected leaders as well. they are people who want to know what is going on and want us to hang onto it. can come to us with information that they can count on face value. susan: since you have to work on future planning, let's closed by having you tell your audience what are institutions will look like 10 years from now. dr. skorton: the smithsonian will be a combination of petition to objects, works of art, authentic material, and newer technologies. i think we will do a better job of telling the story of different people in america whose stories have not been told enough. people coming in the days to

come will feel more engaged in what they see. susan: he will be finishing your first term. ms. hayden: the institution will be at your fingertips. it will be a place where you can have the experience of looking , ashe original documents well as having all types of experiences with whatever items we have. you can have access to the library of congress wherever you are. >> massive amounts of digitization will allow us to do a better job of connecting the 3 institutions in terms of user experience. be not just one of us, but a suite of information. we will be much more electronic and collaborative. susan: beyond your institutions?

all of us will be interconnected. this has been a quick 50 minutes. thank you very much. i would like to invite you to the future again. thank you for the time you have given us today. >> we have a team of 272 employees bringing the c-span networks to you. ♪

>> thanks for watching. in his last weekly address of 2016, president obama highlights what the united states has accomplished this year. senator cory gardner of colorado has the republican address. he talks about some of the

legislation passed by congress during 2016 and outlines goals the gop has set for 2017. president obama: happy new year. at a time when we turn the heat -- turn the page on one year and ahead to the future, i wanted to take a minute to thank you for everything you have done to make america stronger these past eight years. just eight years ago as i prepared to take office, our economy teetered on the brink of depression. nearly 800,000 americans were losing their jobs each month. in some communities, nearly one in five folks were out of work. almost 180,000 troops were serving in iraq and afghanistan. and osama bin laden was still at large. on challenges from health care to climate change we have been kicking the can down the road for way too long. eight years later, you have told a different story. we turned recession and recovery, our businesses have created 15.6 million new jobs

since early 2010, and we have put more people back to work than all other major advanced economies combined. the resurgence in the auto industry has added nearly 700,000 jobs and is producing more cars than ever. poverty is falling. incomes are rising. in fact, last year, the typical household income rose by $2000, the single biggest increase on record. folks at the bottom and middle saw bigger gains than those at the top. 20 million more americans got the financial security of health insurance. our high school graduation rate is at an all-time high. we brought 165,000 troops from iraq and afghanistan, and took out osama bin laden. the -- diplomacy, we

shut down iran's nuclear weapons program, communications with cuba and brought nearly 200 nations together on a climate agreement that could save this planet for our children. almost every country under sees america as stronger and more respected today than they did eight years ago. marriage equality is finally a reality from coast-to-coast. we've made extraordinary progress as a country these past eight years. in here is the thing. none of it was inevitable. it was the result of tough choices we made and the result of your hard work and resilience. . to keep america moving forward is a task that falls to all of us. sustaining and building on all we have achieved, from helping more young people afford a higher education, to ending discrimination based on pre-existing conditions, to tightening rules on wall street, to protecting this planet for our kids. that is going to take all of us working together. that has always been our story, the story of ordinary people

coming together in the hard, slow, sometimes frustrating but always vital work of self-government. it has been the privilege of my president,ve as your and i am prepared to take on the even more important role of citizen. i will be there with you every step of the way to ensure this country forever strives to live up to the incredible promise of our founding. that all of us are treated equal and all of us deserve every chance to live out our dreams. from the obama family to yours, have a happy and blessed 2017. sen. gardner: i am proud represent colorado in the united states senate. it has been a busy and exciting year marked by numerous bipartisan achievements. on the passage of the first long-term highway bill and to fight the zika virus,

the republican majority has proven they can put politics aside and deal with a real compliment for the american people. that is providing our armed forces with some of the resources it needs at a time when we are facing evolving security threats at home and around the globe. we also approved a well-deserved pay raise for our troops and worked to ensure the da is -- v.a. is accountable to the veterans it was established to serve. one bipartisan bicameral accompaniment i'm proud of is the 21st century cures act signed into law earlier this month. if fast tracks the development of treatments for cancer in -- and diseases like alzheimer's. it also tackles opioid addiction and addresses the mental health crisis. it's an acknowledgment that federal policy must be updated to keep pace with science and innovation, encouraging medicines brightest minds to pursue discoveries and getting government out of the way. republicans led the way on

mental health reforms, opioid addiction, and we fought to deliver an economy that benefited everyone, not just the well-to-do. this past year the president also signed in the law a bill i authored to tighten sanctions on north korea, a recognition that years of failed policy towards pyongyang contributed to the television of the regime's nuclear weapons program. it is the first time congress approved standalone sanctions on north korea, and the first bill to impose sanctions to counter north korea's increasingly sophisticated cyber attacks. these are just a few of the legislative successes from 2016 that will have a real impact on the lives of americans throughout the country. the new gop majority governed the past two years, putting real solutions in place, and we will spend the next two years fighting for every american who has felt that behind. now we turn our focus to what lies ahead for congress in 2017. in november, the american people spoke and signaled they are ready for a new direction. colorado and americans everywhere our