c-span3, american history tv, with photojournalists who have documented events in american history. >> everything was devastating fortv, with photojournalists who have him at the end. he was in some ways isolated and alone. emeritus and professor at amherst college and his biography, "gorbachev." >> he trusted the soviet people. he trusted them to follow him where they had never gone, that is, to democratize their country in a few short years. he trusted them to follow him as he moved the country toward a market economy from a command economy. he trusted them to follow him and trust him as he made peace in the cold war against the hated enemy, the united states. he trusted them too much it turns out. >> tonight at 8:00 eastern on c-span's "q&a." >> for the next hour, a book tv

exclusive. our cities tour visit pierre, south dakota, to learn more about its unique history and literary life. for six years in we have traveled to u.s. cities, bringing the book seen to our viewers. you can see more of our visits on www.c-span.org/citiestour. 1986, at the end, i moved here to pierre, south dakota, and began the aberdeen state government. i have been here since, almost 30 years. in that time, i have made a number of transitions. in 1998, i went to work for the governor. after four years with him, i went back into the newspaper business, and i have been in it since. as part of that transition into the business, i contracted with five daily papers.

i have gone back to the aberdeen american news. we have continued that relationship with other papers, actually expended -- i have seven of the 11 papers in the state get their state government news through me. what i have seen here in the last 30 years is a complete reversal in terms of what newspapers and tv stations cover here at the capital. we went from having 10 year round reporters in the three80's, two for upi, daily papers, two tv stations, public radio -- and it gradually has diminished. it has gotten to where, right now, there are two of us left. there is an ap reporter whose job is the entire state, and then we have me.

i think that is counterproductive because then what you get is superficial reporting, you don't get depth. for example, in our legislature, there are 105 members. everyone of those people comes into the capital withcounterpron what you get something, be. i don't think on any given day that even 1/3 of the committees gets covered during session. afternoons,n the they run dozens of pieces of legislation through, and i don't think beyond one or two or three, that those get covered. and yet they are all law that

people want passed, or want to kill, whatever the case might be. you have tremendous debates that never get a word in print or broadcast. in terms of where the newspaper industry is at in south dakota, they are transitioning to an online presence as well, but they are doing it in different ways. the company i work for, which is a privately owned company, they prize local content. they want good newspapers. they provide grants to pursue projects, things like that, whereas the argus leader, which gannett, they want to go strictly online not print a product anymore. we are going opposite ways. then you have neighbors -- you

have papers that are slowly dying on the line. . they will continue to publish, but i don't know for how long. i don't know where they will be 20 years from now. the trouble that news organizations have under what i would describe is their traditional revenue model is that it is difficult to get advertising on to the web. ad, twohave maybe one ads, but you don't have page after page of ads. what happens is, there may be an ad or two or three on the news organization's main front site on the web, and then you go to a story, and there might be one or two ads, but they don't have the page, or minute after

minute of time of advertising. so if you are reading a newspaper, o listeningr to the radio, or watching a television broadcast, you are getting that steady stream of advertising throughout, whereas on the web, it is a very targeted, very narrow advertising. narrowness then affects their budgets, and their budgets drive their reporting staff. consequently, they have fewer reporters. circulation number out. the argus leader in sioux falls, the state's largest city, which has had tremendous growth, they

have doubled in growth in terms of population in the last decade or so. at the same time, the newspaper has lost half of its circulation or more within that same decade. the same thing is true in rapid city, which is the state's second largest city. they have had tremendous growth, and the newspaper circulation is steadily going down. circulation is holding steady in some places, such as aberdeen, and then watertown, mitchell to i just don'tbut see good things coming in those places that are the fastest-growing places in south dakota in terms of how they get their news.

i think what you see happening issioux falls and rapid city also what you are seeing in other states, other cities across the nation. seen a steady decline in the number of newspapers throughout the country. the washington post -- the graham family finally sold the post a few years ago to the owner of amazon. i didn't think that paper would never gets old. -- paper would ever get sold. a a daily reader of it, i see shift in its tone. it's increasingly analytical, as opposed to factual. you see much more opinion highlighted, even from its

staff. n and in mys,a opinion, less coverage of the nuts and bolts of the federal government. if that is what the newspaper in our nation's capital is doing, it set the tone for papers throughout the nation, for news organizations throughout the nation. when president trump was nearing his 100 daty mark, there appeared to be this battle within the news media and the white house over whether the 100 day mark counted. inhink trump succeeded changing the tone about that, the conversation about whether 100 days battered. -- 100 days mattered.

he still has not really accomplished much, but he at least accomplished a change of tone. i don't vote. he still has not really i mean, i never have. so i don't have a position on whether he is in the right or whatever. so i wrote a column about how trump changed the conversation based on 100 days. one of my papers wouldn'ti meann it. it is a weekly column. it is a fixture. one of the papers wouldn't run -- theye they didn't didn't want to give him credit

-- they didn't agree with what i was saying about him changing the conversation, or attempting to change the conversation. they just thought, he's wrong. that had never happened to me before. censor paper chose to me. maybe the better way to put it is we are becoming misinformed. trump -- i won't name the organization, but there is a news outlet that have a lot to do with trump getting elected. i use the term news outlet loosely. on the other hand, that is where people go to find out, or to reinforce what they already believe.

of traditionalue news organizations was -- they may be opinionated in somewhat one direction or another, but you got to the middle. middle anymore, or there is less and less of the middle these days. i think we see that in our national politics, in the congress, and in the campaigns for president. then it gets down to the state level, and easy it in the campaigns for state offices in ways that weren't there before. i think where this leads will be pockets of people who just dont get information, or don't get

reliable information, information that they can take to the voting booth or to the council meeting. are places where they are down to one reporter per radio station, a handful of reporters at the newspaper. i think those will continue to get shaved. you will see radio increasingly go automatic. ii think those will continue to get shaved. think you will gradually see newspapers, some newspapers, be become more and more where they rely on ap for copy, but ap is pulling back. i worry about the future of journalism in that respect.

i worry about what happens to the readers and the listeners as a result of that, that their decisions will be based increasingly on hearsay and not on reported facts. >> we are here in the capital, pierre the capital of south dakota. we have the capital building behind us, adjacent to capitol lake, one of the highlights of pierre, south dakota. south dakota developed in two ways. it started as dakota territory 1899 to do one, and in north and south dakota became six. eastern south dakota had been settled for a number of years. iowa andame from places from the midwest. the development of western south east inagged behind the

every considerable respect. culture that grew up in western south dakota happened far later than the farming culture of eastern south dakota. it was essential to the weight south dakota developed as a state. the book i wrote is called "controlled recklessness," about culture that grew up in western souththe developm. ed lemmon is a foundational figure in the history of south dakota, a cowboy with 865,000 acre range in south dakota in the early 1900s. in the expansion of the railroad into south dakota, also at the same time in the early 1900s. he was one of the figures that was essential to the growth and development of western south dakota. a lot of people think of south dakota as corn and beans farming kind of state. certainly south dakota is more than that. about 800,000 people we've got in the state right now. we've almost got almost 400

million head of cattle. ed lemmon was involved in the expansion of that capital ranching industry in western south dakota, which was essential along with mining into the growth of our state in the early 20th century. to western south dakota in the glory days of cattle ranch in. fences, and not much to speak of for law enforcement. he came to south dakota in the 1880's with a company. and not much to speak of for lawthey made their liviny wrenching -- by ranching adjacent to the indian reservation. they grazed their cattle on the reservation. they were trespassers. they made their living raising up fromhat were driven texas not on the chisholm trail, but the of the railroad. the railroad brought thousands

of head of cattle, where they were raised in western south dakota. ed lemmon was part and parcel to that. in 1897, he had one of the largest cattle roundups ever. ed lemmon was part and parcel to 500 round of wagons. a huge operation. that is typical for south dakota in the early 1900s. large cattle operators, hundreds of thousands of head being rounded up at the same time, and being driven to railheads. they illegally grazed their ridge indian pine reservation. cattlemen and indians often had very good relationships than a contentious relationship. really personified that. when he raised his cattle on the reservation, he invited any

sharing an meal with his cowboys, sharing the campfire with him. when he had cattle that were not fit or market, sharing a meal with his cowboys, sharing the campfire with him. when he had cattle that were not fit or market, he would provide those for free to the indians. as a result, they turned the other sharing a meal with his way when he was gn the reservation here it is was a close connection that he had, and manifested itself decades later when he had an 865,000 acre ranch on the standing rock indian reservation. one of the things the indians means him was, in lakota yellow apple. why would you call him yellow apple? lemon, like the fruit, there is lakota, so it in they had a word for the name yellow and it was anglican eyes.

that is why they call him ed lemmon. he was a known quantity, and a guy who helped them as much as he helped himself. ed lemmon was involved in the open range cattle industry. he was involved with the sun setting of that open range industry to more sensed pastures. he was one of the guys that established the way of wrenching of -- the way of ranching with fenced pastures. it all had a single boundary fence around it, this massive mile-long barbed wire fence around the perimeter, no interior fencing. he took techniques used in the open range cattle industry and transferred them to fenced pastures. even in western south dakota, where it has been carved up into smaller ranches, a 10,000 acre ranch is not uncommon at all in south dakota. every cow that ends up on the

dinner plate starts as a calf grazing on grass in western south dakota. while we might think of the cattle industry growing from open range cattle, texas longhorns driven on these cattle trails, to now the beef that shows up in your supermarket, the origin of those calves born on the range are not that different than today, born in western south dakota, much of the same size and same grass that they did a century or more ago. ed had written hundreds of stories about his own life. in the 1930's, after he was long retired, in his 70's, he wrote an article called "developing the west." out of these stories, one is able to glean a good insight person, asmon as a an individual.

control recklessness is the story of ed lemmon, cowboy and town founder, but mirrors the development of western south dakota. both shared characteristics. ed lemmon was a very cerebral guy. he was organized, methodical, intelligent. headbossing around 50,000 to the way he organized his cattle roundups and ran his operation, he was very controlled. at the same time, he had a wild and reckless streak. he was not one for shirking danger, whether it was stampedes, or swollen rivers, or indian engagements, he was not want to back down. that mirrors the growth of western south dakota. it was ostensibly a controlled process. the government had six plans for the way in which one could homestead. au filed papers, you got parcel of land. it was all designed to be very methodical.

the reality was much different. there were claims filed under your name or your wife's name or fictitious brother's name. it was reckless in the way it was implement it. controlled recklessness reflects the growth of the planes and ed lemmon's personality, controlled on one hand, and reckless on the other. ed lemmon is a guy that is all around you, but just underneath the surface. you may not necessarily see him when he is there. of course the community of lemmon, south dakota, his namesake town. there is a beautiful sculpture in his image. the entire railroad, the burlington-santa fe railroad on the northern part of south dakota was designed as the milwaukee railroad because of him. lemmon, south dakota, his wereakebuffalo, lemmon, mold re

established as a result of his development. ed lemmon can be mistaken for some regional character in the development of a single state. he is quite more than that in much the same way that charlie good night or oliver loving, these famous cattleman that "lonesome doves" was designed after. lemmon is that to the souther great plains. they established communities, who helped more than just their own cattle ranches. ed lemmon did that in the northern great plains, helping to establish railroads, settlements. he founded a variety of different towns in his time at the great plains. all of these things combined region farple to the

beyond anyone typical cattle drive or anyone cattleman ever could. he helped to put in place systems that brought people here. it is part of the fabric of south dakota and the northern great plains as a whole. >> region far beyond anyone typical cattle drive it was a lovely early september day in the memorial cemetery on the banks of the beautiful missouri river. basically at the edge of what world-famousis buffalo ranch. scotty wanted to have a cemetery plot for his family, children, relatives, and took this piece of land because he thought the view was lovely, and made it for the scotty's of family. scotty philip was born in scotland to a large family, came to the united states at the age of 15, went to a small scottish settlement in kansas, discovered that he didn't think that is where he wanted to be, got gold

fever, came to the black hills, was run out of the army a couple times, then fill in as the indian situation was trying to be resolved, found a place for himself in fort robinson in northwest nebraska, became someone who would herd cattle out for the native americans. ultimately because he married sarah, who had american indian blood,ultimately because they ct robinson into this area, where he was going to start a ranch. that is how it all began. andg a man of adventure, wanting to make something of himself, he rapidly became manager, part owner of a couple cattle companies. his he was able to grace

growing herds on indian land because of sally. he became a part owner of a bank, a politician, a big man in south dakota. a gentle man in the northwest corner of the state, his growing herds on indian pete du, and left a small herd of buffalo. the is the time -- this at shootas come into buffalo on the train cars and leave them sitting. this did not sit well with sarah or dupree's wife, because they were native american. they put pressure on their husbands to save the buffalo from extinction. scotty and several one of his hands, one of whom was my grandfather, went up to dupree and drove buffalo down, which i have to think is sort of like hiking through jello, or herding cats. i don't think it was an easy trip. but he got them down here, and

the herd grew. he built a huge buffalo sense around -- fence around these many acres. as his prominence grew and people realized,f or all practical purposes, he was the patron saint of the buffalo, he became very well known. at that point, a nephew of scotty's, who was born near where he was in scotland -- it didn't really matter because the families were spread all over. my grandfather was orphaned at three. after his died soon father. he was taken care of by his grandparents. it went well, but how much fun is that? it was decided he would be apprenticed to be a shift engineer. long.asted not so he realized, i am not cut out

for this. the problem was, he had a five-year apprenticeship, and he 16. he had to figure out a way to break the apprenticeship legally. he thought what he ought to do is cultivate an attention grabbing c 16. ough. the doctors kept saying, what is wrong with you? he kept saying, nothing, i am healthy. doctors said, i think you need a year's rest, how about south africa or the united states? the united states sounded like just the deal. he got on a ship, came to kansas, gathered in with the family. after a year on the ranch in kansas, thought that wasn't going to be good, so sylvian young and foolish he -- so being young and foolish he worked at a labor camp for a year in

colorado. thought that was not a good plan. scotty heard that his nephew was in the area. somehow eight letter reached my grandpa from scotty saying, if you need a job, i will put you to work. george philip arrived in fort what do i doring, now? as he was walking down the street, ran into scotty, who he what do i do now? had seen only once before at a family wedding. he said, hello there, i am george, i am coming in response to your letter. wonderful, said scotty, probably. he set him up with a horse, introduced into the man he was going to work with, gave him a bedroll, and told him to follow those men. have they went to work with the hurts. -- out they went to work with the herds.

there were times where my grandpa george and the other men were down in the cattle yards, or they would take them out to pasture, do what people do with cattle, which is followed them around and say "good cow." [laughter] or whatever -- he did that for four years. in the time span of those four were, keep in mind, there no fences. there were very few roads. the map was the stars and the creeks. you would follow the water downhill until you knew where you were. there were other home ranch houses, but they were far between. you got to know the topography. his travels with the cattle took him almost to the north dakota line, down into the northwestern part of nebraska. all of this with his string of

horses, which would be about 10 animals that would move with the cattle, and then he was working with. -- and the men he was working with. they would round up the cattle at night, they would cut them up branding, or branding, or gelde stallions. it was pretty typical ranch work, except there was not really a ranch. they were rolling prairies and ravines and rivers. two grown sons were in the military. by 1936, it became very clear here and the rest of the world that things were not going well in europe. suppose, taking a personal inventory, as we all do, realized it was really important to him that his children understand these years on the

prairie. while at the very end of his time on the prairie, which would for been 1902 or 1903, all practical purposes, the great open range was closing. bob dwyer was coming -- barbed wire was coming up. the life that he knew was gone. he knew a lot of the people that were part of that would be forgotten. his children knew of his western history, but not really. these long to write letters to his children. he wanted them to understand -- he called himself an ordinary man. he called himself an ordinary man. it is obvious by the end that there is nothing ordinary about my grandfather at all.

he was exceptional in many ways. he wanted them to know what his experiences had been. he would write these letters as time allowed. some letters would just be one incident, some would be funny, some would be not so funny, some would be poignant. one of the really fine things that i think my grandfather did in the letters, which comprise he book, in many places says to his children, you need to understand the real cowboys were not tinseled and spend their time in bars and shot everyone they saw. it wasn't like that. the cowboys were young, and they worked hard, and they lived hard, and you slept outside under the stars or under the wagon if it was raining. it was a hard life, and you were in the saddle 18, 24 hours or

more a day, as the situation demanded. was, these were men, not always educated, but always fine, thoroughbred people, trustable, men, not alwaysknowledgeable, . hesaid the tragedy is, and wanted to remedy that -- that of some of these wonderful truly skilled and then that's built -- skilled men that of some of these built the west that we know will be lost to history because there is no one there to write it. he set a personal task to do some of that writing. he said, everything that is started in my should have a purpose. mine in undertaking this letter, and such others that may follow, is to chronicle the uneventful story of an unimportant man, and

to give each of you an idea of the experiences and ordinary chap can have in the generation that proceeded yours. he was palpably aware of the change to the land, and what it would do to society when the open range closed. i think he really wanted that ends of closure and -- that sense of closure and change to be something his children could recognize and hopefully absorb. life does that to you. you have these periods of ecstasy, then there is a time of reckoning where you gather that into yourself, and you open up into something new. i think that is what he was doing. >> the pioneer girl project is a research and publishing program of the south dakota state istorical society that

designed to study and publish a comprehensive edition of lower ankle while the -- pioneer girl. laura ingalls wilder was an amazing person. -- how dowoman who you start with laura? who is laura ingalls wilder? how do she is this two-year-old kid that came out to the kansas frontier in 1869, and spent the next 16 years of her life on she is this two-year-oldvariousn frontier. adult, laura ingalls wilder moved to missouri, started a career in form wrote weekly articles for the newspaper to

get hens to lay eggs, things like that. when she was 63 years old, she wrote her autobiography. in 1932, she published her first book. what she is known for is the "little house" series of books, which are eight books about her childhood, starting with "little house in the big ones." the second was about her husband's childhood, and that is "farmer boy." book is when she launched this concept of doing the history of the frontier in multiple volumes. her third book is probably in many ways her best known book, "little house on the prairie." that was the name of the television series that ran from 1974 into the 1980's. "on theth book is

banks of plum creek," "by the shores of silverlake," "little town on the prairie." they tell her story of her family, pioneering as a settlor on the frontiers of america. laura ingalls wilder's books have been translated into upwards of 60 languages. they have sold millions of copies. they are very influential in our culture. they tell the quintessential american pioneering journey. started the south dakota biography series, i knew i wanted to do a book on laura ingalls wilder, so i commission did from -- commissioned it from a writer of young adult fiction. i thought that was a good point

one you don'tder, necessarily always get from a historian's point of view. me, there is "pioneer girl," which has never been published. it was her autobiography. it has languished in these archives for years. she said, i think there is a market for that, or i think people are interested in that. eventually we decided, let's see if we can get the right to publish that. let's put together a proposal, which we did. i took the proposal to the little house heritage trust, which is the guardian of wilder's literary properties. it took about a year's worth of negotiations, but they said okay, yeah, we' whichll give you the

permission to do that. i think it was more than permission. it was also a privilege, and something we had to look at seriously. one of the first questions we had to decide was, okay, "pioneer girl." the manuscript exists in at least five different formats. you've got the handwritten first draft, and then she's got three of that letterff full-length manuscripts, benji has children's manuscript at the end called "juvenile pioneer girl." we had to figure out, what were going to do? we came up with the handwritten original, because that was the closest to wilder's original voice.

the first thing that has to be done is the manuscript has to be transcribed. it was a handwritten manuscript. we spent i don't even know how long transcribing that, proofreading, figuring out the foibles of the manuscript, because there were many. era before type computers. so wrote that manuscript. itwhshe wanted to amend without having to redo it, she had to do it in a nontechnological weight, using tape, for example. she literally took pins and stuck corrections together, or pinned them to the page before, or she wrote in between

lines. we studied the manuscript. why is the book so big? that is one of the questions. up to beuse it's set annotated. that means you have wilder's tex based, and then footnotes decided neededwe to be annotated. notes in this column. as you can see, what we had to questions that the text brought out were bigger than the text itself. the n questions that the otes extend onto a couple pages. it was a matter of figuring out all the pieces, but the same

time, not letting our notes overwhelmed the text -- overwhelm, the text which happened at times. we had a 1300 word innovation for a three or five word sentences. you have to shrink that down to make it workable. as much as i wanted to go home, i did not want to be unfair, nor deceitful. i was only going with him for the sake of being home over sunday, and fully intended to stop as soon as my school was out." that is what wilder wrote. that that brought to mind for us was this. phrase, "whom over sunday," used for the second time in pioneer girl,

inspired a short story called saturday," published in 1937. the story fictionalized her mother's experiences with her father weakened rescues -- weekend rescues. the tension in chapters two through ten of the last novel published in wilder's lifetime. the most interesting graphics are things like this, which is wilder's drawing of how the smi th works. she is trying to help her daughter, who is her editor, figure out how the tone works. she draws this picture of it,

which we use in the original. just last week, i became aware that there are two more copies of this very same drawing. of "littleough draft town on the prairie" many script. i just did not realize it was there. "tsays very pointedly on it, o her daughter rose, please don't lose this." york, and my staff called me and said, we are on the new york times bestseller list. we were pretty excited. we were getting congratulations from all over. we were getting a lot of attention. people were interested, were there film rights? it opened up a whole new kind of

world of conversations with pre ss and with people. it was fairly overwhelming for us at times, but something that has made our future in many ways. to ride to ride that wave, and it's going to pay its way through time and help us do our mission. to the next project of the pioneer girl project is already out, and it is called "pioneer girl perspective: exploring laura ingalls wilder." we knew that we were going to continue our exploration of laura ingalls wilder's texts. girl,"cess of "pioneer

the indicated biography allowed us to to think more comprehensively about what the pioneer girl project was doing. what we decided we wanted to do andrelook at those texts start to answer those questions about what kind of an editor was rose wilder lane? what kind of memory did laura ingalls wilder have? to what extent was that memory supplemented by her daughter's work? this is just on the nonfiction aspects of it. then you move into fiction, and daughter-editor agent lead her into fiction, and

what were the roles of the two women? that is what we decided we would do, and study all the texts, a piece of which is in the "pioneer girl" autobiography. that is a piece of our future. i want to take away to be that history can be fun, but we don't publicand as a reading the role of authors and editors, that most good authors have good editors. that is what i would like the ta keaway from the project to be, oice, thestory, the v writer here is laura ingalls wilder, and the editor, who is really talented at what she did, is rose wilder lane.

i think those lines get blurred and confused because we don't talk to enough editors. we don't know what it is that they really do. i think we should rectify that. we are in the research and publishing office of the south dakota state historical society. and it is also the headquarters of the south dakota historical society press. started1997, when i this press, i felt it was a in southcould fill dakota. nobody was doing our history seriously. i shouldn't say nobody -- that is not fair, but there wasn't a concerted effort to do publishing for the state of south dakota in a meaningful way. to do it right, you have to have

some experience, and we had really garnered that experience through doing the journal, which is essentially a 100 page book we did every three months. i felt that we had the expertise to start doing something more sophisticated. doing books about the state seemed like something we were do, otherher people presses in the region, but if you let other people write your history, it may not be what you want or expect. history, it may not be what you want back, and let's do it right, let's do it well, let's do it with all the standards of a

new york publishing company, all the standards of nea university press in terms of scholarship. you measure success in different ways. some of our books are not all,cially successful at but they go to fill our mission. i will give you a good example. we did a book about the ,outh dakota populist movement which was actually the first populist movement in the country, the first people's party. it predated the kansas party and other parties by a month, which is irrelevant in the big picture, but there had never been a study of the south dakota populist movement. i really felt that was an important piece of our history that had never been done.

into -- id an author gave him a pitch, i said we really need to do this. that book went into a black hole. we just doesn't sell it. i hate to say this, politics doesn't sell, or we have not found a way to sell it. we do a lot of politics. there is a lot of interest in politics, but it is very finite, it is a very small group. i don't know if it is because the reach does not get beyond the state somehow. you think it would, because as i explained about the book on populism, that was a national movement. started in this region, but it was a national movement. we have had some amazing national politicians, from tom daschle, francis case, and we

have an interest in politics. so i don't know. to answer your question, i don't know what it doesn't sell. maybe we don't know how to touch the right market for it. it's part of our mission. the fact that it doesn't sell is irrelevant, because we will it.inue to look at i suspect that what is going to sell -- and we have some things coming up -- are biographies of politicians. people like biographies. they like political biography, literary biography, anything with that human center. we have this little biography series here called the south dakota biography series, which we designed to be inexpensive. it is a paperback series designed for people to buy off the newsstand want to find --

that want to find out more about famous south dakotans. it has been a nice series. i told people in the beginning, here is the deal -- you read any videography of -- you read a biography of great men and women, and often they will go like this -- "they came to south dakota. the end." i don't want that. he is a big use of our history , in termsf our legend of our sense of the black hills. so how does that happen? how do we place while -- how bill in southld

dakota, but also go beyond that? that is the story of the whole biography series, they all go beyond that. each oneiting because of them has been, in a way, not definitive, because they are not big enough to be a each one of them has been, in definitive history of wild bill or laura anybody, butr or they have anybody, but they have broken new ground, which has made it exciting in and of themselves. i always like stories that are bigger than south dakota. i like it when they place south dakota central to the concept, the muchas a piece of bigger national story. the much bigger national story. that is something to think about having to do in massachusetts. we have to think all the time about how we the, relevant to the rest of the country -- we

become relevant to the rest of the country that doesn't understand us and doesn't include us. the great plains states feel like they have to explain their relevance to the rest of the country. i think that's because of a lot of things that indicate that -- to mest egregious example randyt a few years back, --ally did a series of maps they just left a hole where the andtas and for nebraska oklahoma were. things like that make you think we don't matter. you look at our electoral college load. if we get mentioned in national news on an election, it is a minor miracle. it is a slow news day, is what

it is. [laughter] things like that make youthings, you have to say, hey, we are not irrelevant. the big clamoring story of the u.s. originates here. i think the question about best thatrs is to understand really isn't our that really isn't our job as a pre ss, to create best-sellers. we did that with "pioneer girl" as an annotated biography. that was an amazing experience in more ways than one. that is not really our job. our job is to tell the history, thatll an accurate story preserves the history of the region. >> our visit to pierre, south exclusive, book tv

and we showed exclusive, and we showed it to you to introduce you to the c-span cities tour. cities,traveled to u.s. bringing the cities, bringing the book scene to our the worst. you can see more on www.c-span.org tonight, president trump announcing he will not recertify the iranian nuclear agreement. then reaction from iranian president hassan rouhani. then foreign intelligence surveillance act with mike rogers and christopher wray. president trump announced he would not recertify the iran nuclear agreement and urged congress to impose new sanctions. congress has 60 days to decide whether or not to impose sanctions. the president discussed his reasons for the decision during a 20 minute address from the white house.