that is at 9:30 a.m. eastern. 2:00 p.m. the president's council of economic advisers testify about the administration's domestic >> c-span, where history unfolds daily. in 1979, c-span was created as a public service why america's -- bytelevision companies america's cable television companies. today, we continue to bring you coverage of congress, the white house, and public policy events in washington, d.c. and around the .ountry c-span is brought to you by your cable or satellite provider. on this morning's washington journal, florida congresswoman val demings on election and school security. and chad brown of the peterson

institute on his perspectives about president trump's trade policies. and we are live from phoenix, arizona for the next stop on our 50 capitals tour with the statement terry of state -- state secretary of state michelle reagan, who will talk about increasing security. ♪ host: the results are in from the texas primary, and house democrat beto o'rourke will challenge republican senator ted cruz in november. exit polls showed about one million democrats came out to vote, and about 1.5 million republicans did the same. this is washington journal for march 7. president trump double down on tariffs onto impose imported steel and aluminum. key republicans are pushing back , and itthat proposal also prompted the resignation of chief economic advisor gary c

ohn. we want to hear from you about the president's desire to impose tariffs to protect steel in the united states, and the trade overhaul. (202) 748-8000 four democrats, --(202) 748-8000, democrats. (202) 748-8001, republicans. independents, (202) 748-8002. you can post on twitter with @cspanwj, and on facebook by going to facebook.com/cspan. section of the opinion page of usa today, the editors make this argument -- the 25% tax on imported steel that trump is weighing along with a 10% levy on aluminum would safeguard the 170,000 mill workers in those industries, but the levees would threaten the in million employees

automakers and cam producers that use these metals. beyond that, the plants tariffs could trigger a trade war between america and its staunchest allies, including canada and the european union, which have already joined china in valley tit-for-tat response -- bowing tit-for-tat response. rangedsident has from setting global quotas on metal imports to exempt and close trading partners such as canada and mexico. that is one section that the usa today has, they offer an opposing viewpoint has well. the president and the ceo of u.s. steel, here is part of the argument he makes this morning -- america has the capacity to melt and pour the steel it needs thenational defense, infrastructure to produce and transport energy and electricity, and a supply of manufacturers of automobiles, machinery, appliances, and other

consumer and industrial goods. domestic capability has her main stagnant since 2001, global excess steel capacity amounts to more than 700 million metric tons -- has remained stagnant since 2001, global excess steel capacity amounts to more than 700 million than six timesre the u.s. steel market. president trump has committed to level the playing field on steel imports. the president himself sending out a tweet, taking a look at the economy after his announcement yesterday in that press conference. has lost over 55,000 factories, six million manufacturing jobs, and accumulated trade deficits of more than $12 trillion. last year we had a trade deficit almost $800 billion. bad policies and leadership. must win again. those are just some of the thoughts taking a look at the

trade issues in the past couple of days. the potential of these new tariffs on steel and aluminum. we want to ask you about that, but what do you think about the president's approach to trade? democrats can call (202) 748-8000. republicans, (202) 748-8001. independents, (202) 748-8002. a newssident in conference yesterday addressed the issues of trade, particularly what he would like to do and his desire to level the playing field, as he sees it. here is a bit from that conference yesterday. [video clip] ofwe have a trade deficit $800 billion a year. that is not going to happen with me. we have been mistreated by many, aretimes fairly, but there really very few instances where that has taken place. i do not blame the countries. i blame our leadership for allowing it to happen. inn i was with president xi

china, for example, we lose $500 billion a year on trade. we have a deficit of approximately $500 billion with china, and we are doing things with china that are very strong, but they understand it. i was with him and i said to him in public, look, i am not blaming you. i blame our people for not doing a better job, for allowing this to happen. host: that whole press conference is available to you on www.c-span.org. we will show you more from that press conference when it comes to topics of trade, but you can call in or post on twitter as well. many americans do not understand their demand for cheaper goods kills jobs. tariffs will help make the cost equivalent to of the cost -- to the cost of made here. this will help drive jobs back here and create global competition. carol, ohio, democrat line. good morning, tell us what you think about the president's approach to trade?

caller: good morning, i do not think anything of what he does. president bush would on a tariff in 2002. within a year, $200,000 -- 200,000 jobs were lost and he rescinded that. we have a president today who lies 3000 times since his election. where are the republicans on his lying? host: carol, back to the topic of trade, you do not agree with the president on trade. are you saying there is no problem there? caller: no, there is absolutely a big problem. he has no idea what he is doing. he spouts off and lies and does not do anything right. he has no idea what to do. host: what is the right approach? caller: i do not think we should have any tariffs, that is for darn sure. host: because why? caller: because we will lose

200,000 jobs and will not gain anything anyway. carol in ohio. let's hear from wade in edgefield, south carolina, independent line. good morning. caller: good morning, thank you for taking my call. i think a trade war would be good, especially on the steel and aluminum, if nothing else from a defense standpoint and infrastructure. i want to make one other comment. host: before you go down that road, tell us why you think those particular things? why do you think it is a defense issue? caller: well, with most of the steel being made out of the wentry, in the event that did go to war, it would be good to have our own steel made here in the country to provide us with the equipment that we would need. that ife you worried you impose these tariffs, it would affect other industries? that is one of the arguments being made by those who oppose

these types of tariffs, that other industries would be affected, possibly greatly. caller: oh, i think it would be marginal. as much as has already given up to other countries, it is time -- as much as the united states has already given up to other gettries, it is time to away from uneven trade. us to gete best for manufacturing back in the country. host: let's hear from larry, indiana, republican line. we are talking about the president's approach to trade. what do you think? is great.think it it is about time somebody stands up for america. we have been kicked around too many times. .e have our own selves to blame it is about time somebody stands up for america first. host: do you think tariffs are the right approach to do that? caller: is it right for us to be all of our factories, to be shutdown? host: when it comes to tariffs,

why you think that is the right approach? caller: we have to do something. do we want to be the last ones standing? host: if you want to call us on the president's trade policies, (202) 748-8000 for democrats. (202) 748-8001 four republicans. (202) 748-8002, independents. this article writes that 10 u.s. steel furnaces have closed in the past two decades, according to scott paul, the president of the alliance of american manufacturing, a nonprofit organization that supports factory workers, and an estimated 52,000 eri americans have lost their jobs in the same time. 105 companies produce

raw steel at 144 plants in the united states. today, 39 firms make steel in 93 plants. he also quotes the trade partnership, a consultancy, estimating in a study released earlier this week that tariffs would boost iron and steel jobs in the united states by 33,464 positions, but it would slash 179,334 other jobs in the broader economies. other experts say the tariffs risk,put more jobs at saying even if tariffs save every one of the steel jobs in america, they will slash jobs in industries that do use steel. next, jacksonville, florida, independent line. caller: my question is this. what is the upside to inflation? from what i see, this is what is going to drive inflation up.

bring thes, when we stuff back to the country, who was going to pay for this stuff? all of that stuff out into the inflation part of it, and i think on the lower end of the equation, i will have to carry more of the burden of this stuff. i'm wondering why this is a good thing for me? presidentmately, the thinking about how it affects the consumer, us home, and home, like you -- us at and others like you? caller: i don't think he thinks at all. and might be good for him the people he runs around with, but not for me. host: as a topic overall when it comes to deficits and trade, how concerned are you about these kinds of things? do you share those concerns on some level? hello? to tony, pleasantville, new jersey, democrat line. good morning. caller: good morning, pedro.

this is another bad idea that this guy comes up with. i do not know how he wakes up every day with this nonsense. all, the reason why steel and everything else is overseas is because the cost of labor. it is cheap labor. they can bring all the jobs back here they want, but if they do not want to pay the people a decent wage, none of this is going to -- orre going to be paying 5000 6000 more dollars if we want to purchase a car or if -- $5,000 or $6,000 more if we want to purchase a car or buy a can of soup. this guy is an idiot, and is doing this to deflect from russia and everybody leaving the white house and everything going on. caller: tony, back to the trade issue for a second.

if those approaches are the wrong ones, how should it be handled? alone: he should leave it and stay in with the other countries in the union. mexico, he isda, always crying about china, but we do not get that much steel from china. people need to do a little research. most of our steel comes from other countries, and it is not china. furthermore, he buys all of his steel from china for his buildings. in newhat is tony jersey. orrin hatch is the chairman of the senate finance committee and sent a letter to the white house over these proposed tariffs on real and aluminum that you have heard about -- steel and aluminum that you have heard about and they heard about. these tariffs on steel and aluminum threaten to undermine success. this will increase production costs for american manufacturers

and raise prices on american consumers that reliance eiland aluminum product. has demonstrated repeatedly that consumers, american families, and taxpayers ultimately bear the burden of tariffs on these kinds of imports. you intendated that to target foreign countries that are not competing fairly, and i support that goal. but the proposed tariffs would miss those countries whose haver trade practices caused global over capacities in steel and aluminum and would hit american businesses and families and that. that letter sent to the white house by orrin hatch on this issue. the next caller from citrus heights, california. caller: hello, this is bill. what we are not realizing here is when you look at things intuitively, with what is going on with the president and olive these think -- all of these thinkers, they cannot discern the inverse in reasoning. what you are trying to do is in the economy as

it stands and get your macro --nomics to start a function to function to realize any kind of gains anywhere. you do not just do the math algorithms and statistical algorithms, you have to come up with the inverse reasoning you have thend people in germany who got the nobel laureate and won the prize, and once this starts to filter down, just like [inaudible] it would have been my statistics department chair in the first place -- host: bill, you are philosophy, apply that specifically. caller: it is not philosophy -- host: no, apply that specifically to the tariffs. how does that work? caller: with the tariffs, like anything else, you have to realize what has come before us, and the big date that get you reasoning, like you

and and yang, you spread things out when you are doing your math and statistical algorithms. you are only getting a curve that is you in and yang -- yin and yang. a specificou give us example of how it applies to tariffs? caller: you have to look at things with reverse reasoning. host: let's go to william in west virginia, democrat line. caller: hi, this is william. awwanted to say that i s the president's press conference, and after hearing his views on it, the tariffs could be a good thing. when it comes to a country wanting to rely on themselves for their resources, even though it might get us -- hit us hard now is an economy, we might have to pay for it more, it could also be a beneficial thing, even if it is a stronger curve. host: is that because you think

applying the tariffs will bolster what is being done to the united states when it comes to manufacturing, and in the long term without help us? caller: i think a short-term hit could be better for the country rather than a long-term thing. host: when you hear some republicans expressing concern and some business sectors expressing concern and other people expressing concern, how do you weigh that against you are thinking on these types of things? -- your thinking on these types of things? caller: with what i originally heard, i did not think it would you good thing for our country. i do not agree with trump presidential he for a lot of things, but i feel like it is not that they are -- presidentially for a lot of things, but i feel like it is not that they are -- it is risk versus reward, as long as it is not taken too far. host: william in west virginia. a viewer on twitter says "trump's terrace talk seems to

be a glove to get mexico and canada to move on to nafta. to --mp's terrace talk tarriff talk seems to be a luff to get mexico and canada to move on to nafta. if you have a thought, give us a call. democrats, (202) 748-8000. republicans, (202) 748-8001. independents, (202) 748-8002 . grant, go ahead. caller: i want everyone to was passed inr -- 1985. it was pushed by a special-interest lobby who worked for the country. it produced a trait adjusted deficit of 144 billion dollars, which is worse than the $92 billion deficit of the south korea bilateral since it was signed.

mentionso important to that this so-called free trade agreement basically lays tariffs on u.s. goods going out of our while opening the u.s. market. and to add insult to injury, the fbi investigated the special-interest lobby and a foreign economics minister for espionage because they even stole the secret industry data submitted by groups to the international trade commission who were lobbying against the deal. host: diane, massachusetts, republican line. hi, yes. i am looking and listening very intensely, and we have to come up with a solution to prevent all other countries from being more successful business wise. this tariff is for the purpose of trying to prevent a growth in ources.ountries' res

to have it here for defense. when you take out men and women from businesses that do not have the ability to manipulate metal, to create materials that we need for defense, we are screwing ourselves. you have to put these people back. of morees have a lot steel, but it is coming through canada and mexico. host: do you think the united states has the capability of producing enough steel to make up for deficits of these tariffs going to place -- go into play? caller: we have so many ways to recycle. the american people are gluttons for tons of stuff, and a need to take -- i have people that have collers. $5,000 this is pennies. the men and women do the labor and they need to be paid reasonably, and they are the

most sacrificing people honor. so we need to stop this insanity. mr. trump is representing a whole bunch of voices and concerns. go look at our infrastructures and our buildings and our roads. host: that is diane in massachusetts. you saw this probably over the last several hours, the topic of tariffs and trade and issues of those concerns have prompted the resignation of white house economic adviser gary cohn. he was quoted as saying "it has been an honor to serve my ," and said in a statement hours before he resigned "despite recent turnover, the west wing has tremendous spirit." the wall street journal editors this morning, in talking about ,he resignation of gary cohn have written over the past

couple of days on the prospect of these tariffs. -- an obvious question, who will replace him? who in the community of free market specialists would take the job , a strongohn personality and his own right, provided ballast against some of mr. trump's worst economic policy instincts. it is difficult to imagine that anyone outside the president's current protectionist cheerleading squad would volunteer to put up with more. [video clip] hashe white house tremendous energy, tremendous spirit. it is a great place to be working. many, many people want every single job, and i think well, work people don't want to for trump, but believe me, everyone wants to work in the white house. they want a piece of the oval office, the west wing, and not

just in terms of it looks great, but it is a great place to work. it has tremendous energy. it is tough. i like conflict, i like having people with two different points of view, and i certainly have that, and i make a decision. i like watching it, seeing it, and it is the best way to go. i like different points of view. the white house has a tremendous energy and we have tremendous talent. there will be people -- i will not be specific, but there will be people who change. they always change. sometimes they want to go do something else, but they all want to be in the white house. i have the choice of anybody. i could take any position in the white house and i would have the choice of the top 10 people having to do with that position. everyone wants to be there. and they love this white house because we have energy like rarely before. host: the full press conference available on our website, www.c-span.org. you can learn more about our 50

capitals for that is currently going across the united states, the c-span bus stopping in every u.s. capitol. during those stops, we have the opportunity to talk to leaders in those states. today, we are in the capital phoenix, arizona. the state's elected official, secretary of state michelle reagan, will join us at 9:30 this morning to talk about her job, state, and issues in the state, and how policy made in washington affects goings-on in phoenix arizona. -- phoenix, arizona. that is coming your way at 9:30 eastern this morning, part of our 50 capitals tour. robin louisville, kentucky. inependent -- bob louisville, kentucky, independent line. caller: i think the mistakes these people are calling in, they have never dealt with hatred -- patriot.

they say it will hurt mexico, canada, china, but what about if it will hurt the united ace? -- united states? we have never had a patriot in the white house. all we have ever had in the white house are failed politicians looking out for their wallet. trump paints that way. that way.in't whatever he does, he is right. what about the argument saying that even if you impose these tariffs, they will hurt the united states as well? caller: that is an opinion. you do not know that until it happens. actions speak louder than words. they don't know what's going to happen until it happens. host: understandably, they are coming from economists, business leaders, and the like. caller: but you do not know who is paying their salary, pedro. you do not know if they are telling you the truth or not. host: democrat line, anthony. go ahead. you, c-span, for

your evenhanded views. there is something in economics called comparative advantage, and our two greatest are in agriculture and technology. we should be pushing to stop piracy overseas on the technology side since we lead technology ahead of the next 10 countries combined. we could also reduce the deficit by about $50 billion if we push more towards open markets for agriculture. .ake japan in japan, a kilo of rice, 2.2 pounds, is five dollars. $1.50.u.s., it is we should be pushing for things like if you want open trade, you have to allow products that we have our comparative advantage in economics. host: anthony, why go after those sectors versus the steel

sector? caller: because the amount of money that could be generated are muchin trade higher than steel. the steel problem is that technology has grown so much in the past 25 years, companies use something called continuous casting, which has eliminated the need for giant glass almosts and hundreds, thousands of people working. i lived in windsor pennsylvania -- western pennsylvania, and the technology has replaced a lot of the steel jobs. we have to go for comparative advantage. if we want a free market country, we have to make sure we are on a level playing field where our goods are allowed in, and the two areas we could generate almost $250 billion a year in additional trade are in agriculture and technology.

host: that's anthony in new jersey, giving us thoughts this morning. it is primary season, as it is known, leading up to the november elections. texas having their primary both yesterday. the texas tribune reporting that it's official, ted cruz and beto o'rourke will face off for the u.s. senate in texas. cruise is the republican , thebent -- cruz republican incumbent, and o'rourke, a democratic congressman from el paso, were on track to easily capture the nominations tuesday night. o'rourke's share of the vote was surprisingly low, and in some border counties, he was losing to primary rivals fema hernandez -- rival sema hernandez or only narrowly leading her. report, compared to 1.5

million that vote in the republican primary, the democratic share of votes cast at about 40% of the vote. a significant increase from the 2014 midterms. democrats had been hoping for a the early ever since vote totals showed the party with a narrow early vote lead in the top 15 most populous counties, but the end result was more modest. fosterick will likely democratic enthusiasm about the possibility of competing in tough races across texas this year, even if the party is still outnumbered in the reliably conservative state. that is from the hill. tin in fairview, pennsylvania, republican line. caller: good morning. i am in favor of the terrace, and i terrac -- tariffs, will tell you why. i work 20 hours a week and one

of the big box stores, and it is stocking the big inventory that comes in. ,he stuff i put on the shelves drills, hammers, so forth, probably 80%, 95% of those cartons are marked from china, mexico, places from the asian rim. you get sick of it. you work a four hour shift and stock thousands and thousands and thousands of dollars worth of product, and they are all coming in from overseas. you think these should be made by american labor, american hands. at one time, they once were. as far as tariffs hurting american jobs, they say statistics from previous years, was inthe differences the tax package, they cut corporate taxes by 40%. of corporate america is marked -- if corporate america is smart , instead of passing any of those raw materials prices along

, if they withhold some of that price and do not hit the consumer because they have a tax advantage now, and along with that tax package if they repatriate that three -- $3 trillion to $4 trillion trillion sitting overseas, if they put that into a quitman 10 anductivity, -- equipment productivity, they get no taxes when they come back home. when you look at the tariffs coupled with the tax package that he did, it can all work out just fine and good for america. go today and in new york, independent line. on -- toing -- two day dan in new york, independent line. caller: how much steel do we export from the united states? we have lost a lot of export from the dairy farmers because the dollar is too strong.

think about it, how much steel will we be able to export if we do protect our own steel plants and tried to export more steel? will it work or not? right now, the american farmers are suffering because of the strong dollar. if you put in a trade war against other countries, you will just make things worse. unless trump is bluffing, trying to get mexico and canada to come to the table and negotiate a better nafta deal, we will not he much difference. host: this from the trade department, trade.gov. it is the global steel trade monitor. this is from june 17. at that time, reporting that the united states is the world 16th .argest steel exporter in the year to date, 2017 through june, the u.s. imported 5.1 million metric tons of steel , an increase from 4.5 million metric tons in 2016. the exports represented about 2% steel exported globally

in 2016. the volume of 2016 steel from theu.s. was 112 the size of world's largest exporter, china the size of the world's largest exporter, china, thejust one fourth of second largest exporter, japan. that was released june 2017. the global steel trade monitor, put out by the trade department. in indianapolis, this is tina, republican line. hello. caller: yes, good morning. and i aman economist not a big fan of trump, but i do admire what he is trying to do. that said, i think this has become a kitchen table issue for many who are trying to make a living. they are affected when the

tariff is implement it. they will be affected by the price of everyday things from cans, food, vacuum cleaners, the price of cars. i think the poor americans suffers, and that is something that needs -- the poor american suffers, and that is what needs to be taken into consideration. host: octavia, illinois, you're next. caller: i just want to say that i'm for this tariff we have. we have lost too many jobs in our country, and the unfair tariff practices that the rest of the world gives to us means we are subsidizing their standard of living at a cost of a poor standard of living in our country. and we have a domino effect and interdependence upon one another. if i lose a job and i need help, i am going to go over the government -- go to the government for food stamps and everything.

so you pay on the backend. the cost is not only on the , -- product itself, it is more cost to our society and government in taxes to support and subsidized somebody else is. -- subsidize somebody else. we need to have more fair trade practices around the entire world, not just subsidizing through charity, gifts, t rests, everything to the of the world and screw america. host: this proposal about the tariffs on steel and aluminum, response from the many republicans, including mitch mcconnell, on capitol hill yesterday as the potential for this happening and how republicans might react. this is part of what he had to say. [video clip] concern is a lot of among republican senators that this could metastasize into a

larger trade war. many of our members are discussing with the administration just how broad, how sweeping this might be. or is a high level of concern about interfering with what appears to be an economy that is taking off in every respect, as you heard others suggest here today. there is a high level of concern about it. there are other steps he needs to take, and we are looking forward to seeing what he decides to do. host: democrat line, virginia, vivian. hello. caller: thank you for taking my call. you read from the economist paper, where that we export steel, a lot of it? host: that was from the trade department, but go ahead. caller: ok. these people believe everything. most of these jobs that are lost

from manufacturing is because of robotics. they have robotics, just like they have robotics going into mines. i wish people would use their heads and think. everything they put through this family is produced overseas. [inaudible] host: but when it comes to tariffs, what do you think about them specifically as a means of achieving a balance when it comes to imports and exports? caller: i think they probably will make more money on goods, small goods coming in here since everything -- tv's, clothes, shoes, jewelry, everything is made overseas, like all of his stuff is made overseas. we would get more money back if we would start taxing those products coming back into the country, because last march, ivanka had 500 crates of stuff coming over here.

c-span, i wish you would do a program on the money. where is the money? all the money from these vacant jobs, all the departments that have been cut in half, all the programs not being funded. every time i look at the debt clock, it is steady, every nanosecond. that is vivian in virginia. the wall street journal reporting that kellyanne conway is coming under the result of an investigation by the u.s. office of special counsel, saying that a permanent office appeared in her official capacity, miss conway, to discuss and alabama special election into television interviews leading up to the december vote. they found that she promoted the unsuccessful candidacy of republican roy moore and opposed democrat doug jones, violating the hash act -- hatch act. the wall street journal's talking about some consequences of violating the hatch act, include alations can

civil penalty of up to $1000, suspension, or termination. the special counsel's letter to the white house does not recommend a specific penalty. did note conway advocate for or against the election of any particular candidate, said the white house deputy press secretary. he went on to say that she simply expressed the president's obvious position that he has people in the house and senate .ho support his agenda if you also go to the wall street journal this morning, taking a look at a memo released by the white house, particularly when it comes to the future of the affordable care act armour saying the metal encourages care act.-- it says that the memo encourages hash measures -- sorry abouts -- that, guys. let me look at that.

a permanent congressional appropriation for subsidies to ensure certain -- to ensure insurance companies would -- exchange for exposure -- abortionexclusion of coverage. your fork will care act currently restricts insurers to charging older buyers three times as much as younger -- the affordable care act currently restricts insurers to charging older buyers three times as much as younger ones, which has checked premiums for 50 something's and 60 something's compared with what they might contended but have with increased premiums for healthier twentysomethings and thirtysomethings. tennessee, good morning. caller: pedro, we are so thankful you have your program on and everybody gets a chance to call in and express their views about what is going on in america today. there is a lot of problems in america. the last 70 years that i have

been living in america, i found out that wonderful, wonderful people live here. are wonderful, wonderful blessings we have in this great nation, but i will tell you what -- we have got a terrible way of putting things -- actually, it is kind of like calling things that are good evil and calling things evil, good. host: when it comes to the topic of tariffs, where you stand on the president's approach to this? caller: let's do some history right quick. when you go back to world war ii, we had a trade relationship andwe were doing tariffs fair exchange on goods and services, but we went ahead and gave japan a great deal of our steel and metal, and turned right around and they used it for what? take us down.o

china is doing basically the same thing. they are going in and giving us all of this metal at a really cheap rate, forcing us to put down our factories and our workers, and if it was not for and we haveump, hillary or obama still in, we would already be owned by both the russians and the chinese. host: so no concerns about the trade war if these tariffs going to place? -- go into place? caller: the tariffs are for our protection. i do not know why people don't understand. other countries can provide countries from us. what is wrong with some fair exchange? trump is doing what is right. of all the presidents that have accountability, transparency, he is the only one that has, like roosevelt did in world war ii and said look, this nation will start taking care of its own people. host: will in tennessee this

morning. the new york times highlights some of the reaction coming out coming outunced -- around the announcement around report sayinghe it was in washington that mr. trump told reporters that the statements coming out of south korea and north korea were very positive, it would be a great thing for the world. white house officials were more seniors, with one official noting that the united states has negotiated with north korea over its nuclear program off and on for 27 years, and the north koreans have broken every agreement they ever made with the americans. the united states, this official said, had no current plans to further delay joint military exercises with south korea, suspended for the winter olympics last month in south korea, and those exercises are scheduled to resume in april. he added while the trump administration has been intrigued by north korea's

offer, the senior official noted that north korea could still manufacture missiles and bombs during a pause in testing. for the next 15 minutes or so, we will talk to you about the president's approach on trade, particularly when it comes to the prospect of new terrorist being put on steel and aluminum. (202) 748-8000, democrats. (202) 748-8001, republicans. (202) 748-8002, independents. to post on oure social media sites at @cspanwj and facebook.com/cspan. some more news, one stemming out of west virginia when it comes to a teacher's strike that had some uncertain stops over the past few days, and it has come to a stop. here to talk to us about it is jake zuckerman, from the charleston gazette mail. good morning to you. guest: good morning. host: could you give us a sense of what has happened when it

comes to the strike, and why the governor decided and the steps he made to stop it? guest: the strike itself has never been in a state of flux, but the proposals coming out of the legislature to end it have. as before the strike started, 13 calendar days ago, the governor signed into law a pay raise bill for teachers and school service personnel that would grant them a 4% raise over three years, they called it the 211 plan. two years, 2% in the first year, 1% in each subsequent year. that did not do it. for the last two weeks, the negotiations have been what will give the teachers -- get the teachers back, and what has passed and since become law is a 5% flat pay raise in year one for both teachers and school service personnel, and state troopers and all state employees wound up writing themselves into the package. so any employee of the state of

west virginia will be receiving a 5% pay raise this year, assuming those get into the budget bill, which will be passed later this week. host: where is the money coming to pay for these increases? guest: that's a good question. after the 211 plan, which is what the governor said with all the state could afford, the governor who controls the estimates year, all of a sudden there was $58 million of new revenue that had not been accounted for that could be used for the races. republicans were skeptical and said the governor was conjuring money out of an air. they really want -- thin air. they really wanted to slow it down, but the delegates passed the bill 98-1, so they bought into the number, and whether that was a political move or acceptance of the governor's revenue figures, the $58 million really stalled it. the compromise that was brokered, because the

republicans have held out on a 5% deal, was that they planned to pay for these raises through a series of budget cuts not accounting for the $58 million, with the contingency that if the 58 million dollars comes in later in the year, the legislature could convene for a scale backsion and some of the cuts that would be coming in when the budget bill passes this week. host: one of the highlights in the stories your paper has done about calls concerning the state bond rating, could you we've that into everything you have told us this morning? weave that into everything you have told us this morning? guest: sure. it has a 5% bill, they tried to make that a 4% bill. they testify that yes, the executive branch had been receiving calls out of concern. they testify that the calls had been all concerning the strike, not concerning the revenue estimates. majority leader was

immediately skeptical of those numbers both in testimony and in interviews. he was just saying that essentially, bond rating agencies do not care about the teacher strike, they care about revenue estimates that could cause serious problems of money runs out in the middle of the year that could lead to midyear spending cuts. concludes,as this there is reporting in your story that highlights how this issue, particularly the events of the last few weeks, might highlight elections in november. could you explain? this wholeughout strike, we have heard from thousands of teachers who have flooded the galleries. we will remember in november, and the question is will be used teachers were -- is will be's teachers are met -- these teachers remember november? about the political implications, and they were largely brushed aside. they never remember in november, so will this be a sustained political wars or a one-time or a one-timerce

movement substantiated by a pay raise? host: jake zuckerman from the charleston to that -- charleston gazette. you can go to their website if you want to read more of his reporting. thank you for your time. guest: thank you for having me on. host: back to your calls on the president's trade policies. florida,ellevue, democrat line. caller: good morning, pedro. pertaining to the tariffs on strategic metals, and that is , the worldwidet global communists want nothing better than to completely destroy america's strategic metal industry, including iron, steel, and aluminum. in regard to aluminum, people a beer is going to cost another $.15 for the

increased cost of the can. uses to peace cans as well, and how many of these cans are manufactured with inferior metals overseas that have to be discarded? how does that fit into the macroeconomic scheme of things? what about iron and steel works in texas? china asded to move to a cost-cutting measure for oilfield equipment. do you think the oilfield incidentally, cameron iron and steel are the originators. they built and designed the finest oil equipment in the world, and it is not being made in katy, texas for decades now. it is disgusting. the so-called economists and whoever, they are all a phony intellectuals, academics, whatever you want to call them.

they have one interest. that our apologies for caller. let's go to our republican line, dan in pennsylvania. hello, pedro. thank you for taking my call. great comments out there. i would say this. i support the president. the tariffs, i think, are just an issue. strategy is negotiation. as he noted from the clip that you had shown, he could get the 10 best or 20 best people to come to the white house, and his idea to shake things up and to bring much more of a level playing field and certainly [inaudible] and thetry, independence of capitalism. the rest of the world and prior administrations in america were going the socialist dependency. we have to protect our boundaries and our industries, and certainly mr. trump will hire the people and shake them up and have them think.

host: but what about the idea offered acohn resignation, his chief economic advisor, over these tariffs and sharply disagree with him? caller: that is an excellent point, and i would say this. when you are at the top of things, we are the leaders, we have to make a lot of quick decisions. in doing so, our heads are out there for the critical analysis. was certainly a top man in his field, but behind the scenes, when you have to make a lot of short-term decisions and and other options, certainly things that can pay a lot more money, you do not want to go down with negative opinion, even though mr. trump might be doing, which might be perceived in the long term as something that was good for the country. supported. cohn him, but he has other options, like other people who left

the white house. the los angeles times reporting this morning that the justice department and trump administration's seeking to force california to cooperate with its stepped-up immigration deportations. even as should most direct challenge yet to the state policies. administration officials say three laws in question, all passed by the legislature last year, blatantly obstruct federal immigration law and thus violate the constitution's supremacy gives federal law precedents over state enactments. "the department of justice and the trump administration are going to fight these unfair, unjust, and unconstitutional policy that are imposed on yukon ou," attorney general just sessions plans to tell a meeting of the california peace officers association in sacramento on

wednesday. jim in california, democrat line. go ahead. that i i want to say support a trade balance, and [inaudible] report on this in school, and between 2004 and 2012, a lot of these other countries, they are really billions and billions in debt. $200 billioneen and $300 billion a year in trade deficits, and they trade more. we spend more on their stuff then they spend on ours. and other countries complain about it. most of them are between $50 billion to $80 billion this abandoned on trade as well. and also what they do, sometimes

[inaudible] buildings, national parks, courts, -- and i want to say something about putting a trade on solar panels. that is questionable, because [inaudible] or is he planning to ramp up the american alternative power industry? industry, if you put tariffs on those, let's see the ramp up the american industries here. when i went to home depot to buy a lamp, i wanted [inaudible] in, let's go to jimbo bakersfield, california, independent line. caller: thank you c-span and thank you --. there is no evidence of a cohesive trade policy with the president, and chief economic n'sisor gary coh

resignation supports it. we need a good and cohesive political policy is on the myth that is other countries, not automation taking away american jobs. the president is exploiting the ignorance and fear of people in the rust belt areas. will beheavy industry automated. the steel industry is never returning again in the form that andsed to be in the 1970's or 1980's. this is the bait and switch, the latest shiny object by the distract to try and the american people from the many possible crimes that he and those who are around him have committed. jim in california. the new york times takes a look this morning at one of the latest actions by robert mueller, investigating russia's involvement in the 2016 election.

it's as an advisor to the united arab emirates with ties to the current former aides to president is cooperating with the special counsel. -- he gaveny testimony last week to a grand jury, examining the influence of foreign money on president trump's activities, and have witnesses about the advisority that the funneled money from the emirates to the president's political efforts. it is illegal for americans to knowingly accept foreign money in political races. mr. nader, a lebanese- american businessmen who advises the prince, attended a meeting that mueller's investigators have examined. this brought together a russian investor close to the president of russia and erik prince, the founder of blackwater and an informal adviser to mr. trump team.

minnesota, democrat line. go ahead. hi.er: i think there are things that definitely need to be done with trade for sure. but we have to have smart trade policies. i think that our government should be focused on jobs of the future, employing the generations that are coming up. we have technology now. most of the manufacturing jobs are robotic. we need to be educating our young people and investing in them. that are so many projects we need. we need infrastructure, so much investment in our country that those investments would create jobs. host: lori, are terrorist not a smart approach then? tariffs-- are not a smart approach then? export thingsd to that we can import, and import

things that we can export, and use our technology to create the jobs that we need here in america, do the things we need to do here in america. if we invest in our people like we did after world war ii, we have more scientists, more engineers, more teachers. host: let's go to edit in idaho, republican line. -- ed in idaho, republican line. caller: mr. trump touted how the 401(k)s were going up because of him and what have you, and now his decision with the tariffs and his adviser resigning, the dow is down like 300 points on futures or something like that. has he considered the effect he is having on millions of people's 401(k)s? i am losing confidence that mine is going to come back and will regain these losses as i watch his decisions.

helps a fewhis hundred thousand steelworkers at the events of probably millions of people who are seeing these losses. host: that is the last call we will take on that topic. we will change gears and talk with the former orlando police chief and current democratic member of congress. she will talk about election security school safety and other school -- we will chalk -- talk with chad bone of peterson institute. the c-span buses in phoenix, arizona. that state's highest elected official, secretary of state will join a 9:30 this morning. we'll be right back. ♪ the studentcams competition, we asked students to choose a provision of the u.s. constitution and create a video on why is important. entries from 46

dates. the first prize winner for the high school east category goes medinaordon and chancey in same death silver spring, maryland. the first prize winners of our high school central category are will foot and james dyer from whitefish bay high school in wisconsin for "wisconsin votes count." our first prize winner for high -- fromest goes to capital high school in boise, idaho for "prison reform." ourfirst prize winner for middle school east is from eastern middle school in silver spring, maryland for "survival of the veiled face." our special citation for creativity goes to raheem baker, william mcknight and -- from

missions in -- sozo braden, florida. we are happy to announce our grand prize winner, adam cook and tyler from dallas center grimes high school in grimes, iowa. this year we are seeing 2985 videos from a musick thousand students. we want to let you know you won the grand prize. [applause] >> with this year's topic it was such an open ended question so we have had time to focus in and when i looked online and i got the contact information for the person who authored this, i thought tyler, we have to do this. we sense and emails, we started

filming, we sent more emails. everything fell into place. >> picking was pretty difficult. -- there were a lot of controversy going on right now. what really affected us as we are heading into college next year, we were able to get in contact with some important people in iowa and around the country and we got work as soon as we got bring death working as soon as we could. >> the top 22 winning entries will air on c-span in april. you can watch every documentary online at studentcam.org. washington journal continues. host: joining us is representative val deming's, she served the 10th district of florida. she was the formal orlando police chief from 2007 to 2011

and a member of the homeland security and judiciary committees. one of the actions you find yourself in his dealing with election committees. tell us about its progress. caller: i'm honored -- guest: i'm honored to be here. we are selected to serve on the election scared task force. i think all of america knows russia interfered with our elections last year in the 2016 elections. this task force was created once received that intelligence and were sure about that, the task force was created to look at putting processes in place to prevent it from happening again, to harden our elections equipment, to prepare for the future and to really reassure electionsthat their -- their vote would count. -- what did you find as far as the actual security systems in place? guest: we found russia targeted

21 states, including florida, and while there is no indication that their activity actually swayed the election one way or another, what we can be sure is of that they certainly attempted to influence and that they will be back and so the recommendations out of the committee, we created the elections security act that says federal government needs to provide funding to state election officials so they can upgrade their systems. 42 out of 50 states, the elections equipment is 10 years old. when you think about technology and how it is ever-changing, that is not acceptable. we also found out that even though we are living in this technological age and this digital age, that paper ballots are still the most reliable. , sometimes youst

can't retrieve it. with that paper ballot, although all efforts and discussions have been to move away from the paper ballot, it is still the most reliable. secondly, we need to make sure we do keep the election honest. the only way to verify the information is correct is to actually hand count those paper ballots. also we would like to see a 911 style commission established to really help to set standards and guidelines for state election officials. to look at equipment, to make sure vendors take an active role in securing their system, to make sure there is funding for state election officials to have i.t. support so they can constantly do upgrades that are needed. i believe we are off to a good start as we go into the interim

elections and beyond. host: if you want to ask our guest questions, it is 202-748-8000 for democrats, republicans,for for independents 202-748-8002. you get a sense across the states is there a move away from electronic voting machines and more to an actual paper machine? guest: what we found is there are for the most part state election officials are doing a great job. but we as members of congress need to provide them the infrastructure support and we , to to upgrade to secure educate the public and educate local poll workers. we have to form a partnership that works for everybody. host: as far as the cost for these kinds of upgrades, what kind of figures are we talking? $1st: we initially requested

billion that would get us up to a good start. it is going to be expensive. but it is about national security and i would hope that most people do understand that protecting our electoral real process is directly tied to our national security. you identified russia, but also north korea, iran and china. guest: we have got to be proactive. chief, before i joined the police department, we used to wait for a crime to happen and then we would respond. but we all learned it is better to be proactive, we know there are foreign powers out there and every day they wake up thinking about how they can hurt america or how to destroy our democracy. it is not just about russia, but we need to expand that net and be prepared for others who would want to do us harm. host: is there a final i'm

government offering these interstate thing we can manage on our own and we don't necessarily want federal involvement. >> we are talking about upgrading to systems to tighten it up and make it more secure, to make it efficient and better, to ensure the american voter. lastg is one of the equalizers. it does not matter where you are or how much money you make, sexual orientation, what zip code you live in. we have to ensure the american public that every vote counts. i believe that state officials welcome our -- our support, but they also want us to listen to them. they are the ones in their home states on the ground, clearly understanding from a front row seat the challenges they face. they welcome that support. host: calls lined up for you. who servel demings

the 10th district of florida, a former police chief and on this committee for election security. let's go to las vegas, anthony, democrats line. go ahead. caller: good morning. i know you are not going to expect the comments you are going to get from me, but i do agree with you on the paper ballots. 100%. i disagree on you that russia hacked into the dnc. that did not happen. researcher and i don't just listen to what the mainstream media tells me. i have researched heavily into this. -- as already analyze the metadata from the dnc hack because there were timestamps and things like that that he could look at and identify and

look at the metadata. according to him, it was an inside job. host: ok, we will let our guest respond. guest: thanks so much for your call and i appreciate you being involved in our political process. we need to be more now than ever. disagreertainly specifically on russia's activity, but what we do know without a doubt is that russia attempted to influence the 2016 election. mention theavidly dnc, but what i did say as they did target 21 states, including florida. i believe we all have an obligation and i think we all want an election system that is secure, that will allow every vote to count so that every american will be heard. thank you, anthony. host: here is santos from illinois, republican line.

really seenven't much on this particular subject, i've been waiting for it. homework,ed to do my i have read from the entities about some of the involvement. i'm concerned that i called every representative in my state and i called both my senators in their offices and the election countiesd my local election district chief there, they found there was nothing really that of been done and it really concerns me. i totally do believe the russians did try to influence the election, i pride myself on trying to keep up on the situation. it's a bit of a relief to hear you are there and actually doing some good work as to prevent this kind of situation. my question is exactly what has

been done and i agree that the paper ballots, why take a chance until you are sure. like i said, i've read the book and all thosewer other books that are surrounding this influences influencing the white house. host: thank you very much. guest: i appreciate your call. it is great talking to you and this is just the start of this process. it has been ever going, ever-changing i think process to secure our election system now and for the future. i think you probably heard me talk about the election security act that as a result of the work of the task force where the federal government will play a role in terms of funding, in terms of recommendations.

we talked to several state, and local officials. brought them in for a public forum where they talked about best practices. i know state election officials have met. they've gone through extensive training and so we will continue to try to form or ship. we are hoping the federal security -- election security act will get support in congress that it deserves to have. host: you wrote -- you talk about your experience with as -- as a law enforcement officer. you install alarm, they learn to disable it, could we ever be as far as -- as far ahead as we need to be in order to stop the bulk of these incidents. >> that's why we have to be ever vigilant. there are people and we know it who get up every day and are thinking about how they can hurt america or hurt americans. we can never take our eyes off them.

have to be relentless in terms of protecting our shores, our institutions and vote. host: is there an electronic warfare response from the u.s. to what they do to us? guest: i certainly think we should hold those would interfere with us and -- in any way in a negative way or try to harm us, we should hold them accountable. that is another part of the work done by the task force. we need to hold those who want to do us harm accountable. we need to send a clear message that we are not going to andrate any interference that we need to make sure we harden our prevent any interference in the future. host: what sent that message? guest: i think we send it every day from our leadership of the white house. i think the --

certainly the strongest, we should send electronically, but ever present an message that we are not going to tolerate it. host: let's go to doug in massachusetts. democrats line. caller: good morning. all these people who are interfering in our elections, you never mentioned israel. israel buys all politicians like you. yesterday you tweeted out and obsequious craven tweet about having meeting all these israeli lobbyists in your office who were looking after israel's interests. how do you square the circle? guest: good morning and thank you so much for that question. i served with yolanda police department for 27 years of the honor of working my way through

the ranks and serving as the chief of police. orlando, wewn of pride ourselves on being accepting of the diversity and celebrating the diversity in our area. ira present a lot of people and i'm proud to do so. i meet with constituents when i can. any constituent that will call my office, republican or democrat, agree with me or disagree with me. i believe is an elected official have an obligation to represent the people from my district and i will continue to do that when it gains me favor and when it does not. state of secretary state of kansas talks about election issues on another front. he talks about those who should not be citizens voting. he says his process stopped aching thousand noncitizens from voting. is it was a law that people provide documents, to register

to vote much more effective than policies that represent only the checkboxes. what do you think about that approach and you think there is something there as far as preventing those from voting? guest: the right to vote is for those who are citizens in the country. about the framers of the constitution and the forefathers of this country, i don't think it will make people get going more difficult, they wanted to make every citizen the opportunity and to make it easier. i think it's reasonable certainly i believe you should have id. if you require an 85-year-old woman who has never driven to have a drivers license, that is a little unreasonable. sometimes even a state id may cause money.

well i do think ideas appropriate, i think we should expand the list and make sure people have options in terms of the type of idea they use -- id that they use. i think it is ridiculous that a college student can vote showing their concealed carry permit, but cannot vote using their college id. withwill and this segment how i started it. i believe we should make voting easier for citizen -- citizens are not more difficult. host: this is angela, republican line. caller: my question was actually about the voter id review and how she felt about that. everybody,nk that you have to use id to vote.

it is not that difficult and that outlandish. guest: absolutely correct. as i use the analogy of the 85-year-old woman was never driven, if that person use their birth certificate for example since they were 18 and now they are 85 and then suddenly these standards change and they need another form of id, is that appropriate or fair? host: how does florida deal with this? guest: you have to show a picture id, but there is a list different forms and different options, which i think makes it easier. you had to verify residency. if there is a question about your particular precinct, you may be required to bring in along with your id, a utility bill or phone bill that will just verify your residency. i think that's reasonable. host: let's hear from joann in minnesota. caller: good morning.

i would like to say i don't always agree with congressman or congresswomen, but you are making a lot of sense this morning. what i was going to say is -- has kind of been answered. if electronic voting is causing so much problems, why don't we go back to the paper voting. it may take a little bit longer, but there is no way that any our papern hack into voting and then we wouldn't be going through everything we are going through. the second thing i wanted to say was on ids.. i feel everyone should have drug united states a photo id or id that proves that they are a citizen. i hear the argument that it is trying to make it so minorities cannot vote. to drive ahave an id

car, to get insurance, to go to the hospital and we have four years. well we don't have enough time. in between elections, there are four years and even for an 85-year-old woman as you use the example, she has to have a relative or friend. it does not have to be a drivers license, but there needs to be some valid thing that proves they are a citizen. they say in some states that drivers licenses are given to illegal immigrants. we will leave it there and let her guest respond. guest: i will go back to the paper ballot issue. you are absolutely correct. it is about protecting the integrity of our election process. as i said sure that earlier, regardless of who you are, where you live, that your vote matters and towns.

, a most effective way reliable way to do that is to have a paper ballot system. i clearly agree with you in terms of you have to have some form of id. sometimes it is challenging. they have to have a family member or friend. sometimes it's more challenging first others. i think we have an obligation especially as elected officials down to local communities to make sure we sit down around the table and develop a process that works for all americans. host: as a form orlando police chief i want to talk to you about the school shootings we have heard all across the nation , particularly what happened in florida. from your experience, was the most effective way of preventing these type of things from happening? guest: that is an extremely difficult subject for me, simply

because 27 years in law enforcement i've responded to my share of gun related deaths and an overwhelming majority of them involve young people who should not have lost their lives in the way that they did. what happened in parkland, florida was a tragedy. when a person, child or student is in one of the safest places in their lives, they are there the right place during the -- doing the right thing and they -- i'meir lives, i just a freshman member of congress. i've been here one year. i come with a lot of on the ground dealing with real people and issues, i just don't know why this is such a difficult topic. some say every time we talk about gun safety legislation that we are trying to attack the second amendment.

i took an oath that i would protect the constitution, protect and defend the constitution which includes the second amendment. is allppened in parkland about keeping guns out of the hands of bad people and so we have got to on both sides of the aisle sits down and get serious about this issue. we have got to -- when we talk of a universal background checks. one of my colleagues said it this morning. you have to have an id come some type of document to drive a car, to operate machinery, what is the resistance to every person that wants to use a gun -- the challenges we know there are a lot of responsible gun owners who use their weapon in the right way. but unfortunately there are too many gun owners who want to use

their weapons in the wrong way as we have seen. thatis so unreasonable anyone who purchase that weapon has a background check? i believe there should be strong bipartisan support for that. host: you are a cosponsor of the gun violence restraining order act that would establish red flag laws. there are concerns about how these red flags -- what goes into establishing what to get a gun taken away. guest: i said earlier let's be proactive. let's try to prevent crime from happening. the best way to do that i believe is to harm family anders with information laws that they can use to give law enforcement information that they can use that when the red flag first presents itself and -- gun violence

it gives family members the opportunity once they have witnessed questionable behavior from a loved one and chances are when a person is acting out, like our shooter in parkland, family members see that long before prevent itself in a public setting -- presents itself in a public setting. it allows us to go through the courts to apply for a gun violence restraining order just like a domestic violence victim or potential victim could apply for a restraining order. and they get that once that order is granted. then law enforcement can retrieve the weapons in the home the processuntil plays out in the courts. it's about protecting the individual. i think that's a good piece of legislation. host: the president particularly address the school resource officer that was outside.

his quote was saying he did not have the courage. talk to that from your perspective about the actions of the school resource officer. what goes into the thinking when making a decision? guest: let me say this. as a 27 year law enforcement officer who has gone through active shooter training, i know there is an investigation. the agency is questioning will tested the deputy violate their internal policy. when i saw the policy for the broward county sheriff's office and said if you were there alone, you may enter. county, share of israel on the broward county sheriff's office hasn't -- has an obligation to death reason information

from the moment the deputy received information and what he did or did not do to that point and then make a determination whether the deputy violated policy. in the spirit of fundamental fairness, i'm going to reserve my comments. i would hope you would invite me back onto the show once that investigation is complete. is 17 people died, i believe there could have been steps taking place long before that day to prevent it. it is a horrible situation. i think we should step back, take a deep breath, let the investigation run its course. if there is policy failure, we need to deal with that. if there was failure on the part of anyone on the scene, we need to deal with that and come out with legislation, policy and action that will prevent our

most precious commodity, our children, from being gunned down on the school campus. host: this is from alabama, democrat line. caller: how are you doing. you will forgive my asthma. it is really bad. it's across i have to bear. , i amly wanted to ask you worried about our elections because of the gerrymandering and the disenfranchised -- disenfranchisement of women and minorities. where does the states, have lived in both. vote onnly allowed to tuesday. tuesday is a day where children are going to school and businesses are open. , tuesdays,a child all the businesses were closed so people could vote. i really think that harms our voting system and i believe that

in alabama and mississippi, we have got doug jones elected because we worked very hard and , there areour state more of us than there are right wing extremists. however, they have a stranglehold on us and i really don't know how we are going to save america when 60% of us say we want something done and the elected officials are working for the nra instead of the people. host: we will let our guest respond. guest: i will start off with the gerrymandering. we want a fair system. i'm a member of congress now and i guess that makes me a politician. i come from a background where writing wrong is clear. i believe state legislative --ies have a dad responsibility to create their district.

in district that are drawn funny ways or bizarre ways to pick up voters. i think we need to continue to work that. in the spirit of fundamental fairness. seenr two, from what i've in alabama this year and from what i have seen over the last year starting with the women's march on d.c., i'm convinced there might be efforts to leave women behind. women -- you talk about resisting and standing up, i do believe that women are not going to be left out and unheard of. thatve seen as a result of , i just spent this past weekend on a pilgrimage with representative john lewis. i spent three days in birmingham, montgomery, selma. were commemorating the 50 year anniversary of dr. king's

assassination and retracing the steps that led to bloody sunday. shame on us. if we allow ourselves is the greatest nation in the world to go back because we know the civil rights movement is all about decent human equality, but at the heart of it was the right to vote, the voting rights act. shame on us if we go backwards and not forward. we have to keep moving forward and protecting our voting issue. host: this will be from robert in brooklyn, new york, republican line. caller: i have two questions. the first is concerning the first amendment. you say your job is to protect the first amendment. at least 20 states in america, israel can lobby governments in college to change the laws of people cannot protest or boycott israel.

how is that possible? the second question if you talk about martin luther king, before martin luther king died, israel was spying on martin luther king. could you explain how is that possible. host: we have got your call. guest: ok. i've taken 30's in my life. two was a police officer and one now is a member of congress. and i take my oath very .eriously to protect and defend as a police officer, i have protected some of the most extreme groups, not because i agree with what they were protesting or demonstrating thet, but because i support first amendment and their right to say it. call, but iate your

want you to understand that is does not change -- i do not waiver or change my position on that responsibility based on the country where the protester demonstrators may come from. we ensure that people in this country have -- the constitution is a beautiful document. the shame is that many times we don't either understand it or follow it. the beauty of this country is the ability to be heard, regardless of the position you take. so i will always support the peaceful demonstration and protest of people in this country. that --l dennings debt val demings, thanks for your time. we will hear from the peterson .nstitute's chad bone

also don't forget the c-span bus is in phoenix, arizona. stop 22 on the 50 capitals tour. that state law second-highest official will join us in 9:30 this morning. we will be right back. ♪ sunday night on "q and a." former border patrol agent talks about his book, a memoir of his experiences and what he's learned about our immigration system since leaving the border patrol. >> the woman was pregnant. that's why she could not keep up. they were lost for three days. they were drinking filthy water they madee tanks and it through and the border patrol was called and i was supposed to take them in. i started talking with them and it turned out this pregnant andn had grown up in iowa she spoke perfect english. she was a schoolteacher.

i think her husband saw that we were talking and we had a connection and he sort of leaned over and said can you just -- can we skip the whole arrest and deportation thing, can you just drive us back to the border and let us cross back into mexico? the a brother. -- be a brother. i said no, it's my job. i can't do that. what i remember about that encounter is i remember asking their names and i remember introducing myself under member wanting to remember them because i had this connection. i wanted that woman to be safe. and for their child to be safe. later, ia couple hours went back out on patrol sitting in my car and i'd completely forgotten their names. the reason that encounter sticks

with me is because i think that is the first step in the humanization is forgetting what makes him an individual. >> sunday night at 8:00 eastern. washington journal continues. bown joins us. he is their senior fellow and cohost a podcast on trade policy called trade talk. we are talking about tariffs on steel and aluminum. what is a tariff and how does it work? guest: it is a tax on goods coming in from a trading partner. producedcts that are in the united states don't get taxed, but the stuff coming in from canada or europe or japan would. it sounds like that should not have an impact on u.s. consumers , but it will. both the decreasing competition from abroad will allow u.s.

steel makers, u.s. alumina makers to build to raise prices and that means all industries and folks who consume steel products will face higher prices and higher costs. host: our tariffs generally a good or bad thing? guest: it depends on who you are. if you are racing -- steel company or aluminum producing company or you work for one of those, it will be a good thing for you. basically for everyone else, it will be a bad thing. for those industries that might consume a lot of steel like ,utomobile producers refrigerators, washing machines, infrastructure projects. the american taxpayer funds those all have to face higher costs. the costs for everyone else to not be larger than the gains to those producers. host: when you hear talk about this administration imposing new , give us ariffs

sense of why you think the administration might be considering that. guest: in the campaign in 2016, president trump campaigned on this issue. he decided he was going to be a protectionist and he promised a lot of tariffs. he impose his first set of tariffs in january on imports of solar panels and washing machines. these cases are a lot bigger than that. these account for about 2% of u.s. imports for very important products in the american economy. this is largely president trump appealing to what he thinks is his political base of voters. when he says things like china is dumping steel in the united states, what does that mean? guest: it turns out there is some validity to his concerns. behind all this, the fact that globally steel prices and aluminum is low can be traced back to china's overcapacity. told out way too much

production and that is having an impact on prices. the challenge facing the united states and president trump is we are the have massive import restrictions that have stopped all the imports of china from coming in. tariffs he is proposing to implement would not actually hit china, it would hit canada, it would hit japan, europe, south korea. that's why we are seeing reverberations. our trade allies in dealing with the problems the united states faces are all going to be hit by president trump's terrace. host: our guest here to talk about tariffs and how they affect the economy. 202-748-8000 for democrats, 202-748-8001 for republicans, and independents, 202-748-8002. you can tweet us your thoughts or questions @cspanwj. does the steel infrastructure and steel manufacturing has the

capacity to compensate if less is coming in from other sources? guest: it all depends on how the restrictions are proposed. certainly the impact will be an increase in tightness. they may be would increase production. they of the capacity not being used. part of that uses because they are less efficient, less good at producing some of these products. that means in order for the just a lot production, they will have to face higher costs and they will pass those on to consumers. host: one caller brought a president george w. bush's experience with tariffs on steel. what did he do and what happened? guest: president george w. bush imposed sweeping set of tariffs, they were under a different law than what president trump is using. they were much less controversial in that sense. in that were similar they impact a lot of trading partners. in that instance, president bush

,xcluded from the tariffs countries like canada and mexico and a number of a merging markets. china was hit with those. it was less of a negative impact than what president trump is proposing to do today. guest: you talk -- host: talk a little bit about the law and how we ended up with this proposal anyway. guest: president trump is invoked a very rarely used law to motivate and justify the terrace. it's a national security law. he is claiming that imports of steel and aluminum from the world, including military allies are threatening american national security. under this law, it gives an incredible discretion as to what to do. he can choose to impose whatever size tariffs he wants against whatever country you want for however long he wants. -- that reason, we typically the american presidents have not used this law. they've stayed away from it because once you go down this

path, it opens up the door for trading partners to do the same thing wherever they see fit, wherever they see a product that they feel is sensitive or in their national interest to restrict. they might impose tariffs and retaliate against us. host: our first call come from steve in ohio, independent line. hello, thank you for taking my call. these economies that are taken advantage of us have built their economies on our generosity. plus, we were protecting them at the same time. the president knows what he is doing and we are the big dog. these people can't do without us. we can do without them. i can afford another 2% increase in my costs that make the american economy what it should be and to build for the future. and the millennials, of which

you are one, can't find their asked with both hands. guest: the caller gets to an interesting point which is the source of the underlying concern which is substantial overcapacity that has come out of china. china originally built this capacity when they were growing at 10% or 12% a year. they had such a major demand for steel to build up in new cities and move hundreds of millions from agricultural areas to cities. what has happened in the last three or four years as their economy has slowed down. when that happens, they don't need as much steel domestically. that is part of the concern. i don't think anybody disagrees that that part of the concern that needs to be dealt with. it's a question of how president trump is going about dealing with that concern in ways that will have major repercussions for our trading partners. host: from florida, republican line. caller: good morning. i had two quick points. thisone is talking about is going to hurt us or make

things cost more. michael thought about it is if we put the tariffs on steel and aluminum that is getting imported, it will make more manufacturers in this country by more steel and aluminum from inside the country. a way you can offset the price a little is maybe if this deal and aluminum companies after the tears are put in, if american steel and aluminum companies drop their price a little. michael thought was these tariffs are going to make aluminum and steel companies in the u.s. more competitive impaired to the outside being flooded in the market. if our steel and aluminum companies are smart, they would drop their price a little and it would help with the price , butll of goods and things they might sell more steel and aluminum if they drop their price. host: thank you caller. interestingis an thought. unfortunately in the marketplace, that's not typically how we see things work out. when there is less competition,

companies have an incentive to raise their prices and pass those increases on to consumers. i don't think there is really much question. i think in the president's own report they mentioned the fact that that is what's going to take in order for the american steel and aluminum industries to become competitive again. they will have to raise their prices and the question is who is going to bear the cost and it will be american consumers. host: san diego, democrat line. caller: good morning. points.wo i don't understand why no one ever talks about the fact that mr. trump gets all his steel used to build his buildings from china and that all the products that say trump on them are not produced in this country either. they are produced in china and all over the world and those people don't get paid much. that's all i have to say. guest: i think the caller does

point to an important fact. in a globalized world in which we have lived, steel, aluminum calls from all that comes from all over the place. it is not just china. i want to clarify that fewer than 6% of u.s. imports of steel and aluminum products that president trump will impose tariffs on are coming in from china. 6%, that is it. most of the stuff we import is from canada, europe, japan, and south korea. those of the countries that will have their trade restricted i president trump's terrace. it is that simple. askedthe president was about what if a trade war is concerned. i want to play you a bit of his response. >> we will have to see. when we are behind on every single country, trade wars aren't so bad. you understand what i mean by that? by $30 billion, $60 billion, $100 billion, the

trade war hurts them. host: it does not hurt us. host: what do you think about that? guest: unfortunately, trade wars are bad. nobody wins from a trade war. it may be possible that some steel companies and aluminum companies, workers in those industries may benefit, but there will be tremendous costs. when other countries retaliate, innocent bystanders will get hit. if you're a farmer of soybeans and you can no longer sell them into china, you will suffer. if you make bluejeans or a cranberry farmer, or dairy farmer in wisconsin that the europeans are threatening to retaliate over. you have nothing to do, you won't benefit from steel and aluminum terrace. i would disagree completely with the president in that respect. there are no winners from a trade war. host: tim is in arkansas, independent line. caller: good morning. two comments.

the second on terrace specifically. but first, i agree. as soon as you raise the tariff on steel to 25%, u.s. steel will raise by 22%. i guarantee. military,oney for the you will get 22% less because the steel costs more. the second. on terrace. theynot sure it -- what are now, but my definition of onr trade is 10% tariff every thing that comes in. my reading of the constitution is that the navy was the only one specified and in order to pay for the navy, you had terrace. -- should paye all the money for the government. tariffs paid for everything if they were 10% even across the board. guest: the caller makes an

interesting point. back in the early days of the united states, most of the federal budget was funded out of import tariff revenue. the earliest 20th century, we moved to a system where we have most of our tax revenue now being funded by income taxes and tariffs are a small share of overall u.s. revenue. but that is for good reason. really inefficient means of raising government revenue. the major costs on consumers. let's also be clear, the reason we have developed low tariffs in the united states, we did not unilaterally cut them. we negotiated reductions with trading partners around the world. , even the mexico europeans that president trump is complaining about impose relatively low tariffs on u.s. exports into their market. it is not as if we just

unilaterally disarmed -- this has been part of decades of negotiations that led to relatively low u.s. terrace. -- tariffs. that is an important question and i'm not sure. president trump has wrapped this really controversial steel and aluminum tariffs decision into the more controversial nafta negotiations taking place right now. to my mind, they should be distinct, separate issues. president trump want to link them together and is bullying canada and mexico saying they will be hit with these terrace unless they do something on the trade deal that he wants. host: from hollywood, florida, nelson, republican line. caller: good morning. there are three things the united states of america needs for its own national security. ample food, which we have amount of.

the second is oil or energy, which we are now beginning to lead the world in. and the third is steel and other metals that are needed in order to be able to produce our own products and our own military. i am very concerned as an american and is a veteran that the united states has given away a significant amount of its security by not being able to produce its own steel in the amount that is needed. if tariffs is what it takes to ensure our security, then so be it. that is all i have to say and thank you. guest: those are important points. a couple of data fact. even the department of defense 3% said that they need only of what the american steel industry produces. only 3%. so the u.s. steel industry

produces plenty of steel for our national security needs. i think that is not in question. is trickier.it we don't produce much aluminum -- but mutt by most -- 40% of our aluminum is from canada. a lot of it is coming through american based companies that have operations in canada. ally andd and military a country with which we have close security arrangements. that thesenvinced are legitimate motivations, that the united states does not produce enough steel. the united states would produce more steel than we have had in a long time. we just don't need as many workers to do so. we have become very efficient and that means many fewer jobs tied up in the production of steel. host: gary cohen announced his resignation yesterday. some believe in part because of what's going on with terrace. talk about his role in the process.

his loss of the member of the staff. guest: i don't know mr. cohn personally, but from media reports it certainly has come across that he has been a voice and temperance when it comes to the issue of trade policies, where otherwise president trump and some other members of his advisers might be ine impulsive and aggressive ways that may ultimately bit depth -- the detrimental for the united states. i think this is a big potential concern. we will have to see how this plays out. who might replace him in that position. it is something for us to keep an eye on. host: when it comes to peter navarro and wilbur ross, are they in line with the president? guest: when it comes to the rhetoric that one hears publicly about the president's positions, yes. secretary ross, peter navarro and bathroom light heiser are

all telling the same common line when it comes to terrace. host: democrat line, indiana. caller: thanks for taking my call. the -- i had a question. , does theiffs president think this will create jobs for people? -- create jobs for people? if it does, it won't really great that many jobs. he has taken all the regulations away that protect us from pollution. i think it is horrible that he is getting away with this. he is not doing things the way the president should be doing things. if you could answer my question, thank you. guest: i agree. i think that part of the president's motivation is jobs. but i also agree that it is unlikely to have a big job impact. ,e have seen improvements

massive productivity and technology improvements in the steel industry over the last 30 years. it is not produced the same way labor-intensive -- not necessarily highly skilled labor-intensive production in the 1960's and 70's. it is much more automated with high tech workers needed. there are some jobs that go with production, but it is increasingly higher skilled jobs and less assembly-line work. it is not merely the quantity of jobs that were there 30 years ago. and that's with the american public are expecting, they will be disappointed with how this plays out. host: do tariffs come with time limits particularly? or do you just leave them indefinitely? the moreder conventional laws, for example one president bush used earlier. yes, there are explicit time limits. you are allowed to have these

protections in place until you get back on your feet. usually three years or less. with this, there are no limits whatsoever. these could stay on for as long or as short as president trump likes. that is a big concern for industries and consumers that are trying to make business decisions about future economic environment will look like. future -- those who don't know what the future will lead. host: we have seen republicans push back against this idea legislatively. is there anything to counteract this? guest: they have to change the law, but that's what will -- that is what it will take. we have not seen a lot of progress along that dimension legislatively out of congress in recent years. it is going to require legislative changes to take away some of this discretion that president trump has been employing. host: republican line, david, hello.

caller: good morning. viewsntioned that cohn's were more steady if you will versus trump's more impulsive. president trump as hell these views over 20 years. this is not impulsive. explain how we have trade deficit with every other country practically. explain to me how we have such massive deficits with mexico and canada? explain how this has happened consistently over the years and how one industry after industry has evaporated in this country. furniture, clothing, people kept going on about trump and his ties overseas, they kept talking about how he was producing them overseas. he's not producing them unless he has someone manufacturing. there are no clothing manufacturers in this country. we have two aluminum smelter is left. your numbers about percentages of this or that i'm not sure about those. i've been listening to a lot of the debate.

we have to start somewhere. americans are willing to take a little -- this is a trade war. we are at war. the rest of the country and the world. even our allies. lawrenceng a book on in arabia. go back and look at what's going on in there are winners and losers and his is a national security issue. this is the way president trump has painted it. trade is a win/win situation. we win when we buys goods from countries, cheaper than we produce them ourselves. they buy is win when goods and services we transport to them.

metric president trump decided on is what he determine if we're benefiting or not is the wrong way to look at things. as economist, what matters or has ences trade balance nothing to do with trade policy. simply the fact as americans we and we invest more than we save ourselves. we're not saving enough as a nation. in order to do that investing, borrow from abroad, we have to borrow funds from ther countries, but those countries want to be paid by. we pay them back by buying goods services, that leads to trade deficit tochlt affect the trade deficit, affect our macro-economic behavior. consume less of everything, not goods and ed services. host: from florida, independent line, sam. calk calked good morning. sam, what about irriddium,

all necessary for satellites and so on and so forth. what are we going to do about this? please address this, thank you. an experta that there are a tal, number of rare-earth metals important and necessary for technology or lithium batteries or advanced manufacturing that are only in some parts of the world. i think that is explanation for trade. need international some goods and services we don't produce in the united states. agriculture is another benefit, well. great joy i have of nafta is that i can go to the grocery locally and buy thatdos, any time of year, is a wonderful thing. avocados, we don't grow them in washington. other countries need goods and that only we are able to produce, as well. this is a two-way street.

helen in michigan, democrat's line. caller: hi. pedro. host: hi, you're on, go ahead. caller: hi, chad. wanted to ask for certain because i'm pretty certain that heard that the tower in new ork was built with china -- chinese steel, okay. the problem is, okay. china, ng we get from like cell phones that blowup, we blowup.bags that blowup. machines that toys made with lead paint, all that stuff. attacking our poor allies, people we really eed in our lives to be there when we do need them. host: thanks. that.gy about guest: just correction, the in d trade center was built the 1960s and 1970s, along before the chinese economy

opened up. steel we used to produce that was not chinese steel. that being said, a lot of steel gets used around the world at the moment is china steel. production inld's capacity and i think it is important to note that is legitimate concern. back to the way that president trump is choosing to address this issue. is not going to effectively deal with china, unfortunately and it really is to have big negative implication and consequences for key allys and trading partners. canada, mexico, europe, japan, south korea, we can't forget and hopefully president trump has time to change his mind. thing 't written this into stone yet, so we'll have to see what happens over the next few days. he decides to, what is the process? he makes declaration and these taken? or steps to be guest: no, basically a declaration and so at the may still be contemplating it or may be

up formality of it. it is not trivial exercise, you dentify specific products you are doing and a lot of technical elements. we'll see. bown with the institute for international conomics talking about the tariffs and what might happen from them. thanks for your time tochlt open half-hour, 202-748-8000 for democrats. 202-748-8001 for republicans. independents, 202-748-8002. morning,rget later this it is the c-span bus, phoenix, location stop number 22 on "50 capitals tour." we'll be joined by the secretary 9:30 ate michele reagan at this morning. >> monday on landmark cases, we 1886 case where san francisco city ordinance chinese ated against

lawn m ry lundry -- laundry mat owner and applies to immigrants and citizens. examine this case and high court's ruling. and josh blackmon, associate law professor at south texas college houston and founder and president of harland institute. cases live monday 9 eastern on c-span, c-span.org, with the free radio app. of the companion ook available for $8.95 at c-span.org/landmark cases. link totional resource, the national constitution center interactive constitution.

>> "washington journal" continues. phones st on this open on our twitter feed at c-spanwj. ake comments on facebook.com/c-span, and phone lines. the ll show them during course of the morning. mary in boston, massachusetts, up first on ne, open phones. go ahead. caller: hi, i want to talk about the tariffs and ask how much do got from china? it was less than i thought. president trump is just posturing, excuse me, to appear tough. but i think it is very dangerous him to act unilaterally on this decision. fter world war ii, europe was destroyed as a country, we were the only game in town. international world now and you be naive and hang on to

ideas of h the past american. it is an international war. that's all. host: independent line, mark is next. mark, go ahead. you for i, thank c-span. since it is open phones, i talk briefly about the fact that it has been three weeks since the parkland shooting, yet another mass murder of kids in school and done absolutely nothing. and i'm just really tired of nothing an extremist gun culture. i'm thankful i live in new york, a gun, you o get wait 30 days for background heck to be complete, i don't understand why all states don't do this. 97% of the population agrees that, even gun owners. this is proof to me politicians their pletely owned by corporation interests, they won't do anything to protect us i'm very upset over the

whole thing. host: "u.s.a. today" reports follow-up to the decisions by those stores dick's rule.lmart over their gun the lawsuit coming from a 20 mccoy ld, this is kevin writing oregon law allows state residents to buy shotguns and as 18 and people 18 and shotgunsn buy rifles or from license dealers. whittington, max watsondia outlets, tyler went to field and stream owned y dick's on february 24th, for the purpose of buying a 22-caliber ruger 22 rifle. according to the lawsuit, he left after being told the store a firearm ell him including rifle and shotgun and ammunition until he was 21. lawsuits seek legal njunction according to retailers to stop discriminating

20-year-old 19 and customers at oregon locations and unspesified punitive damages of the willful nature of the discrimination. this quotes attorney general gonzalez who retailers ticipated new age restrictions would face legal tests and state or local adding lawyers being the way it is and our society being how passionate people are about their guns, i anticipate litigation at the level. lance, good morning from milwaukee, wisconsin. republican line. goodness for c-span and pedro, have you unbelievably well. i want to say about chad bown there, how many steel mills he's in, i consult steel companies, they have been flat least 10 acks for at years because of china dumping. misspelleds

his last name like a lot of milleniums have. said you have experience with steel mills, what is that? caller: i advise them in engineering. host: do you think that the industry has capacity to compensate if we impose tariffs comes from duct other country? caller: of course, they are 50% productivity as illuminous smelters, alcoa, of pittsburgh penguins. host: uh-huh. to conrad, he's in plainfield, new jersey. democrat's line.

[caller indiscernible] -- i'm sorry, you're just as you just the man voted for. thank you for your time and i'll get off the phone. maine, independent line, jim is next.

caller: hello. i would just like to point out the fact that the bown was disingenuous it was a decree tmay be a decree that goes to he senate, but the senate has to approve all tariffs, as i understand the constitution. you. from the economy and business section of the "washington post" this morning. rules, the senate taking a look at rule when is it banks, dodd-frank passes crucial test, marking most significant revision of rules since congress passed sweeping regulatory law 2008 economic the crisis. also rare instance of bipartisan legislating in the senate, occurred that infrequently during the trump presidency, the bill exempt two financial companys with assets between 50 billion and

billion, including barclay's allie d financial. they would undergo yearly stress test. relief to small banks and mortgage put in place after the financial crisis. story adds the measure exposed democratic party rift regulation that pits liberal such as elizabeth jared brown against democrats, including john hydekamp.eidi the "washington post" this morning. where we'll ate is go next, democrat's line. this is pat. caller: hi, thanks for taking my call. yes, i'm up early. host: yes, you are. caller: i don't -- i profess my gnorance on how international trade really works and tariffs, if somebody ovely

somehow could explain to me and aybe the american public like me, that need a little education works how this all host: pat, did you catch our segment? caller: yesterday or -- host: no, before open phones right now? yeah, yeah, i did, but just kind of the chain, who pays what to who? the customer, do they pay the tax or -- you.: got so do you have the capability of going on the internet there? don't. no, i host: if you had the capability somehow, you could go to c-span website. i push that a lot. if you go to website andguto the go to the video library, there is a box there to type the topic or steel or trade policy, what have you, it will we have doneything on this topic from the modern

day close up for the last couple weeks to the last few decades. if you want to get education for the elf and you have ability to reach out to the internet or on your phone that, it at you can do c-span.org. vito, in utah, republican line. hi. hello. good morning. thank you for taking my call. a ust want to say, i'm republican and i'm embarrassed hat is going on with -- we're the most powerful country in the world. we have this shiny city on the hill. we have a president who doesn't who's out of rms, his mind and lawsuits going around everywhere. on?t is going what is happening? what happened to this country? is my question is. can you answer me, please? answer your ld you own question? caller: well, i would say, i figure it out, why the republicans, mitch mcconnell,

stand up they don't and say, look, this is wrong what you're doing. john, port richie, florida. independent line. hello, there. caller: good morning. thanks for taking my call. it comes to the national tariffs, why ressip esn't insist on rockel trade agreements, the reading i've done in times, u.s. news and world report, tampa bay ribune and what i've seen on news programs on t.v., tells me, wel me if i'm wrong, that if chrysler to or european country, they add 30% one of theiry ship manufactured automobiles over

a 5% tariff s only added. car, we ship one over they add $2000. here, 40,000 car shipped it's just the other way around. $40,000 car shipped here, import duty added on, if we ship a buick or chrysler there, add 12,000, 30%. john in y, that is florida. by the way, several twitter addresses attached to our network include the c-span bus. bus, is the latest from the from their twitter account. good morning, phoenix, we are at the capital. 7:30 to 8, call in with the "50 capitals tour."

capitolsits outside the there. stay on and arizona residents they can call e in. sponsored by c-span and our providers. if you want more information go at c-span.org. neftalnsilver spring, maryland, democrat's line. hi. caller: thank you, pedro, for taking my call. f we have trade war with country, we be the one losing, remember, we are the only that bringshe world millions of dollars of paper oney to buy goods from other country. i can pay $5000 paper money and any part of the world and buy goods from other country. much.you very host: bill is next and he's in pennsylvania. hi, bill, republican line.

go ahead. aller: actually, michigan, thanks for the call. how can -- look us in the face taking, us that you are we're buying things from china paying our deficit down. for a product, no longer paying for deficit down. doesn't knock the bill down, bolstering their economy, makes no sense in any businessman can this don't work and where is this guy from, thank you. washington times this morning, look recent reporting about four soldiers that took in the mission in niger. this is balder writing, saying into the nvestigation niger attack that killed american service members didn't get teen approval for risky mission that capture high level islamic state militant according to officials familiar with the report, it doesn't point to failure as the deadly ambush. nitial information suggest october mission to meet local leaders only to be redirected to

assist second unit hunting for militant fou, a suspected of involvement in the kidnapping of an american aid worker. officials say it now appears the eam went after chefou, without revealing that intent to commanders. asking that the investigation finds no point of failure attack, occurred after they learned chefou left started for home. keta, located in silver spring, maryland, independent line. caller: hi there. question about the ripple effect of tariffs. tariffs are put against steel abroad perhaps countries might tariffs ing like put for cheese, does it mean

production domestic or how could that play out, what happens then? hinted at the t idea of possibly other things be of larger umbrella discussion of trade war. if you want to go back to the you can hear nt, what he had to say. why?concerns you caller: do we import more food increase in people relying on small producers? i'm mostly thinking from the food perspective, that is in. i'm interested host: you would rather see dependence on domestic farms of provide food rather than import from other countries? that, valueould like for some food come in formal trade across borders, there is a lot of importance in elying on domestic food production, particularly think about the economic, social and

environmental impact of it. figure out trying to how tariffs play into that entire space. i would invite you to hear the thoughts of the last guest that we had on. know if he spoke specifically to food, but other tariffs,o this idea of if you want to check that out gto our website to do that. line, carolina, democrat's this is pat. h hi. caller: hello, how are you? host: well, thank you. how about yourself? caller: all right. comment on the fact as americans we are inventors. that comes from different countries, we already had invented now. people to oversee when they come back here. oversee that steel is strong, we nurses, all s, these things, they are gone, our children are the future. we are not make america great

again, we are making american the future. thank you. host: again, open phones for the minutes.le 202-748-8000 for democrats. 202-748-8001 for republicans. independents, 202-748-8002. wall street journal" reporting this morning that the health insurer united health group is rebates to s drug customers saying united health the that started next year plan, united healthcare from will redirect "overwhelming majority of rebate taking the ls effective drugs," the change would reduce cost for by amounts rangeing from a few dollars to more than a thousand dollars per according to united health. united health said the change affect the approximately 18.6 million insurers, the plan, the ured employer is the payer. susan is in arizona.

republican line, hi. caller: hi, good morning. host: good morning. ha-- i caller: i have a question. looking all over about debbie wasserman schultz. nd this guy, i can't remember his name, the congress, the wife ats paid him and his at mcdonald's. to court today at 10. do you see anything in the newspaper? host: i can look at that, while have you on the line and you being from arizona, secretary of you like to ould learn from her? caller: i want to know from her, what is she going to do about the the -- i don't want to call them illegals frchlt california are heading this way.

host: invite you to listen if up.topic comes she'll join us in just moments. mel is in reyland, ohio. democrat's line. caller: caller: -- over the years, the steel industry has suffered from all these imports. plants are idle, indian been bought by an out fit that can't afford to run a third of the mill. debt, they can't the steel believe industry is the backbone of our area. the town the mill is trying to perate in, it is on bankruptcy

and the town right in there, the big town looks like a bomb went money being put in that account anymore because of the down.industry being , they're aying jobs leaving. you can't survive on service raise a family and pay for awe house and pay for insurances. to do it an't afford and that is another issue. people in the household are working trying to bills, johnny gets on the school bus, he's lost. home, nobody home. host: okay, made your point. steve in winter haven, florida, line.ican caller: yes -- done intentionally ptsd, going back through history, late to pearl harbor, to

and now the financial crisis now, involves computers big banks, re and following dodd-frank. intentionally. last call was steve, on open phones. arizona second highest official michele he c-span bus, reagan, she will join us to talk about issues concerning her on the d stop number 22 "50 capitals tour." that conversation coming up next.

>> "washington journal" continues. rollsand the capital tour on, the c-span bus is in

fifth , arizona, the largest city in the u.s., population of nearly 2 million people. talk about the issues facing arizona is the state, secretary of michele reagan. what does the secretary of state do? michele reagan: well, secretary of state in arizona is pretty only position, one of three states that doesn't have a lieutenant governor. get to serve as the defactor lieutenant governor in arizona and then in addition i'm in such wide ranging topics such as state library ystem to overseeing the election system, business trade s, trademarks and names, that goes through the secretary of state's office. everyday is different in this position, part of what makes it fun. host: prior to trade being elected secretary of state, michele reagan served in house and senate. e'll talk about political issues, as well. one thing the secretary of state

elections ble for is in arizona. it is shaping up to be a wild for y'all, isn't it? wild in eagan: it was 2016, first time in state istory we had four statewide election necessary one year, anomaly, every three months having election. of the election processes, ailing out ballots and voter registration cards, that stuff come from the county recorders, decentralized around the state, that is one of the reasons why the system, the is so safe, all the information isn't kept in one place. gets ecretary of state fancy title, chief election that means i'm n charge of lobbyists and candidate registration and wide so es straight they get on the ballot, that is the secretary of state.

ost: i want to talk about election security and election dollars. amendment -- dirty money constitutional amendment. is that secretary reagan? secretary reagan: they are see can get that on the ballot and what the initiative disclosure to for political donations that happen in this state. every state faces this, entity can register as nonprofit and through the federal government not have to say who are able rs are, they to play in campaign. reportingprovide more for those groups, they wouldn't our le to hide donors and goal at secretary of state's office is to make sure whoever

ballot, g to get on the a candidate or initiative has ree and fair access to the ballot. my job is to make sure that all he rules are being foled and they have a fair shot at getting on the ballot. position on any initiatives themselves, but this one might be kind of popular. you support fuller disclosure when it comes to elections?oney to secretary reagan: given choice and not ransparency transparency, i side on transparency, we have a system a computer system. people can look it up on their is called , even, it see the money, go to see the that allows d somebody to look up a candidate, action committee, look up expenditure, even political

see where money is coming in and going out. like i said, some groups claim status and file with in those cases, information is limited. what this initiative sounds like it is trying to do is have well, groups disclose, as from our point of view, well, if that was to get on the ballot and pass, that is just more our see the or money program. host: michele reagan, second-ranking official in the arizona. she is our guest on the c-span bus parked outside the state phoenix. we want to hear from you. reagan: we want to hear from you, as well. 02-748-8000 if you live in arizona and have a question or comment. 202-748-8001 for everyone of arizona.state we talked a little bit about lection security and want to talk about election -- talked about dollars, we want to talk

well. security, as arizona got hacked in the last that ential election, is correct? secretary reagan: that is not computer get d a hacked in june of 2016. that computer was hooked up to statewide voter registration data base. we like to make a decision and sure listeners really is a tand that this different in tab population and registration systems. or the ines you vote on machines that are counting ballots, those are offline, not to internet and what registration he syst system, so we were worried get into s able to that. fortunately tdid not look like they were able to access the data base, so technically, yes, there was a

omputer that got hacked, but this is something we need to be vigilant on every single day, arizona, but in every state. i speak out about this and go groups k to national about what we learned through this process. up, but we can't always guarantee it will holdup guys keep upping the ante and improving what they are trying to do. states need to be doing the same thing. security is on the top of everyone's mind. fortunately, including our governor in arizona. warned ahead of time this might happen? oh, no.y reagan: -- june of 2016, you don't know what resources are available until something like happens n. our case, we worked with the f.b.i., the

homeland artment of security and then also a cyber and k squad that came in looked at our system to see one, anything stolen, that would have been bad, what would have been worse would have been if i ormation was altered and think that is what we were most concerned about. lucky said, we were very in that they weren't able to access the actual system. we've upped all f our security protocols, we use what the industry says everyone should be using, which is multi factor, two ways that to log into a system. you don't just need a password, tag or some kind of dongle that is around the harder , that makes it to hack. we've, you know, done other things. want to mention, we don't want to give the bad into some ad map things we've done, but it's a

let ant threat and to just you know how immediate the it is not unusual to get 50,000 unwarranted hits on our system a month. 50,000, we're just one department in the state of arizona. this is happening in every .epartment, every state host: call from john in shantily. on, john. caller: thank you for taking my call. program. the michel about every election, it is always, the republicans make a claim that things go wrong. think that when people say 3 million illegal people vote and not the case, s

they like to hear something like this, they undermine the election. with system, we know the things are changing every year. to improve our system. people k and tired of saying election hacked. make sl virginia, one vote a difference, one vote. that is unusual. i think we have the best system. all we need to do, the republican need to stop every time they lose an election, they others and say, oh, illegal immigrants, voters or vote.people that would undermine our system. host: let's hear from secretary reagan. secretary reagan: i couldn't agree more with john that our a lot safer than it gets credit for. in arizona, we have an

amazing system of how we register peep toll vote. we check their information against mdv. states call it dmv, motor vehicle division. stops anyone, if they were illegal and tried to register from system stops them getting a voter registration card. we know in arizona that part of we've got under control. that is not to say fraud never it certainly se widespread.t john is right when he mentioned to goal of the russians was undermine our system. they were trying to undermine , that we believe in our democracy and elections. whole plan and in hat respect, they were kind of successf success. f their goal was to divide us and have everyone questioning the election system, are the

results accurate? we hear that time and time again, everyday from people wanting to know what our are.ity protocols we know there is people worried about that. claims by both sides, depends whether you near red state or state, te. red ometimes the other side is saying claims, it is just we're all a part of that problem. that we perpetuate it, know, continuous. we're trying to combat that as best we k. reagan, to take john's point, issue with illegal arizona?ting in secretary reagan: not in arizona, not to say it never there are isolated case we just caught somebody and this person wasn't dead l, he was using his father-in-law's identity, had

een for years and voted in multiple elections. we were able to catch that, send to our attorney general. we also had instance where is people vote in two states. just had a case like that a ouple years ago, but as far as illegals voting in arizona, what we do here and not every state do, have , what we proof of citizenship when you are registering to vote. to prove you're a citizen. mvd keeps that information and check that before voter registration cards go out. hey are part of the voter registration system, they are linked into it. applicants off the mdv system. it is hard in arizona to be illegal and voting if you don't voter registration card in the first place. host: jean from miami, arizona. jean?is that, caller: good morning.

miami. born and raised, 1939. : my arizona -- secretary word. out, please. me disabled vet, 79 years old, arizona is the most racist state in america. always has been and always will be. favor.e out, por you have to register to vote and how you are an american citizen. i don't have to prove to anybody i'm an american citizen. hen i join the military in asked me, birth certificate and let's go. and by the way, i was a council town of miami, 100-year anniversary and still most racist state in america. michele reagan, your response? secretary reagan: i want to

his service, both in the armed forces and then a town council or city council, those jobs are statewide n the positions. amazing place, as someone who travels to states all the time. amazing people and wonderful diverse of unities in every pocket arizona. he ind of, to each his own, can have an opinion about where he lives. i've been to his town tis full amazing people who, you know, enjoy the wonderful dream of getting to live in arizona. most of us chose to come here. i, myself, chose to come to the midwest. so this is i think the best in the country. and you might disagree with me

that, but -- billion a budget 40 year. stu, apache junction, arizona. hi, stu. caller: good morning. yes, this is not about the elections, but one of the most egregious things i see in and i moved here in '76. rios for inst pete state senator, is the way our distribution to bars and motels nts, hotels and and such. we have only a few families that the whole business. brand is represented by a different distributor. forces hundreds of millions there are les and

beer, couple kind of liquor, distribution, why can't any american citizen go to buy the , walmart and products, it's taxed, and they than ually buy it cheaper the price fixing that is going on by these liquor distributors? host: michele reagan, do you have a response for stu? guest: believe it or not, stu, i actually know, i'm a little bit about those laws because when i the legislature, i ran quite a few bills dealing with system.ee-tier liquor i'm a very brief histories that ended, every tion state had to conform to one of a that were give as

choices. so you could have state-run arizona dids, which not adopt, some states have that. r you could have a three-tier liquor system. what that means is there is a middle man and that middle man's basically is to make sure hat tax is collected and tax remitted. so this predates me, obviously. predates the caller, this was that each state made shortly after prohibition and whole system is mainly there and was mainly started to ensure the collection of taxes. linda, minerva, ohio. are on with secretary of state, michele reagan. caller: yes, thank you for call. my i think, what i don't understand with the hacking is what i would is i always er online, hines were not how can they hack in if they are

not online? host: secretary reagan? such an reagan: excellent question, thank you for asking about that. hen we hear the words russia and hack in elections, people get worried and nervous. we like to point out the caller is correct, those machines are online, so the machines that count the ballots, the machines that if you are ever in a and it is a touch screen and you are choosing your choices on the screen, those are all offline. transmit the data, votes from the machine to internet.ount over in actual cards come out of the back of the machine, brought in people of opposing parties need to accompany that times, never two republicans, never two democrats, etcetera. the word "hack," what they are trying to hack is

he information system that holds your voter registration, micheleystem that says, reagan, she's registered as a regular, she likes to get an ballot in the mail and here is her address and etcetera. is a treasure trove of information and that is online share so many entities that. hat is what is always, in quotes, "attack," people would love to get into those systems, is not the vote. kudos to you for understanding the difference. help michele reagan, maybe us out. a familiar face in washington, in tor mccain has been phoenix with his health issues. can you give us an update on his health? i don't think n: anything other than what is eleased to media outlets. he's at his ranch in arizona and

thoughts and prayers are with john mccain, if anybody can it is john mccain. just it breaks a lot of people's heart, regardless of how you feel or don't feel about him. very sad to see somebody going this.gh we wish him the best, everyone t the secretary of state's office wishes senator john mccain peace and get better, please. to leave e were office, what is process for a special election? guest: if a u.s. senator leaves the governor appoint somebody to fill out and here is where it gets complicated, to the rest of the

senator's term, but only until election.eneral fill ebody would have to out a short period of time, run the next available general would only be ey running then for the remainder senator's term. we stand ready to do something anything happen and we need to get people ready for the ballot. aren't like hts that right now, we're still all really pulling for senator mccain. how often are special elections held in arizona? well, we just an: had one, funny you mention that. 27th.t had one february so that was with the resignation of congressman trent frank and he was in the house of representatives, that triggered special election, it is a pretty rare occurrence for

be special ats to elections, not as rare for the electioncall a special on an issue, although that auch, t happen all that either. but just had one and we'll be having the special general winner of the e epublican primary and democrat primary from that congressional i don't t's congress know -- congressional district arizona. in host: when is that happening? reagan: 24th. comes quick. decemberan resigned in and it was a mad dash, a bunch f people wanted that seat, we actually had over 30 people fill out paperwork and then we had 12 two democrats actually qualify to get on the 14 people vying for two and is now down to

april sworth if you live in the arizona.rea of host: is it expensive to hold one of those? special?u budget for a secretary reagan: oh, boy, near and dear to my heart. yes, it expensive. that special election is estimated to cost between let's million.d 2.5 o between 2.4 million and 2.8 million and these elections are not free. budget y, and you don't for them. we hads the problem that to go to legislature and ask for can't for this anticipate these and you don't want money just sitting in a in rtment not used just case.

that is all of our counties. small county in arizona, you want to get reimbursed for that. lakewood, new jersey. hi, frank. caller: hi. biggest threat to our election system is not the them, it is deep state state -- thank you. host: michele reagan, do you political on your hat for a minute? secretary: politics are always involved, right? the goal of around cretary of state the country, doesn't matter republican or democrat or to make sure s free and fair. it should be easy for people to

o vote, painless and easy as possible and should be really hard to cheat. hat happened with all this misinformation and the 2016 election, no matter who is came it comessn't matter if from people in the united states, peep nel china or comes the russians, it was meant o have us question our form of democra democracy, our form of how we elect people. that we still have people around the country, think there is problem with our election system, we travel to countries and monitor elections, we have one of the world and soin the i really think it is incumbent as elected officials to votes really count and we've got a list in arizona and similar list.s we want to make sure people know

there is no deep state -- st. david, arizona. elen, where is st. tafd, arizona. caller: between tombstone and benson. ma'am.es, question or comment? aller: yeah, a few years ago, when the governor took over, they stopped making our state ax forms available to us, we have to go to the library and have our tax forms, state tax forms run off. i am going to vote for the next person for governor that our tax forms. you send some to the library, you don't have to send one to individual, or let us call in like to the federal them sent and have to us. i called in the first time this and they said we aren't oing to send them to you, we have to run them off, i go to the library and they run them

off a quarter per sheet. pay $1298 to the state this year and i want my tax forms. you. host: michele reagan? secretary reagan: well, that is not in my alley of what falls under the secretary of state's purview. know more and more people file their things online now. see that in our office, we're trying as hard as we can to reduce the amount of paper, people that like to come in and file things either a person or mail it in on paper form. both options are available. apologize to the caller, i'm up on what is being mailed out and not being mailed out. to file my taxes online. so i'll have to look next time actually get a form. libraries, i would think, should print your forms for free.

ach library makes their own decisions, but a quarter a page, ask them to at least be printing those out where you don't have to pay. reagan, elected secretary of state in 2014, are you running for re-election this year? secretary reagan: i am. so this year, , primary for state offices and office and are in god willing, i'll be in the general in november. a lot of competition in this race, it is the state's second a fun office and it is job, too. like i mentioned, it is very, very very -- you have to multi task in this job. honor and pleasure everyday i get to do it. years.i have four host: ace centerville, virginia. left.conds caller: quick comment and question.

i'm a pen arding, tester, i test computer systems, are not and they hackable there is malware on the before, it doesn't have to necessarily have to be hooked network v. there been independent analysis on the or tabulatioh, find ines and where can i a report? host: you know what, ace, we have to leave it there. system, michele reagan? secretary reagan: yeah, something we check for and just to let arizona voters we go and check every tabulation system before election and make sure it is setback to zero and the clean. is those systems are sealed and not and led until election day kept on live video feed. anyone in any part of the world

are in h the rooms they and make sure nobody is tampering with the machines. hollan michele reagan, secretary of state in arizona, joins us in "50 ix on the c-span capitals tour." we want to thank our partners in phoenix, cox communications, next stap is sacramento, california. representativesf is in session. the speaker pro tempore: the house will be in order. lays before the house a communication from the speaker. the clerk: the speaker's rooms, washington, d.c. lays before th a communication march 7, 2018. i hereby appoint the honorable roger w. marshall to act as speaker pro tempore on this day. signed, paul d. ryan, speaker of the house of representatives. the speaker pro tempore: pursuant to the order of the house of january , 2018, the chair will now recognize members from lists submitted by the majority and minority leaders for morning hour debate. the chair will alternate recognition between the parties. all time shall be