tv European Impacts of Brexit CSPAN July 14, 2018 4:18pm-5:23pm EDT
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los angeles to talk about his new book, the brink, president reagan and the nuclear war scare of 1983. washington journal, live beginning at 7 a.m. eastern on sunday morning. join the discussion. week -- including secretary boris johnson. it is in large part to disagreements to the uk's withdrawal from the eu. now an update on the brexit process from the european union's chief brexit negotiator. this is an hour.
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>> morning, everyone. i am the chief operating officer here at the carnegie endowment for international peace. we are delighted this morning to the eu's negotiator for brexit. this event wed didn't know it would be quite so timely. we were lucky in that regard. withnk you are familiar his a lustrous career as a as aean statesmen, first politician and cabinet member in , then starting with the president when he was president. he was given this easy task of negotiating the bread is it with
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of 2016 andember has been working very hard at that since then. we are delighted to welcome him this morning. minutes,peak for a few and then we will have a brief conversation between us and then take questions from the audience. copies on your chairs of his powerpoint presentation. for those of you watching via live stream, if you look on the side of the screen you'll find a place to access the pdf files to follow along. let's welcome him. [applause] >> i'm going to go down here. >> good morning to all of you.
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online,people watching thank you to the team of carnegie for inviting me this morning. it's a challenging task, i can tell you, to chair these negotiations. fact we can begin by -- i regret this a vote two or three years ago. now we implemented it in the best ways possible. today i'm finishing my visit in the united states, where he wants to make the open voice
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in which we are working with the british delegations. we workeader form and with british negotiators to put in green all the parts where we agree. both sides. 80% of the content. so we have made good progress. we have agreed on issues that protect the cities in life on both sides for 4 million people. to keep their current employment
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this will give businesses more or more time to prepare for the new studies. ireland,difficult is worry have find a solution to inid the return of a border the middle of ireland. i discussed this issue yesterday with the friends of ireland caucus on capitol hill, we shared the concern on preserving the good friday agreement. we must accelerate now our work and our future relationship with the uk. the european leaders have assured the uk a broad future partnership based on four pillars.
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you can see in one of my slides. one, a free trade agreement with no tariff, two, a specific corporation in some sector of common interest such as aviation, three, police and judicial cooperation and, four, foreign policy security and defense. all these issues, once again, we want to build a close partnership with the uk in the future and for the long-term. we are now analyzing the white paper published yesterday by the uk government and we will do it in the light of the european leaders guidelines mandate and we will assess whether uk positions are workable and realistic. a key element of this future relationship will for sure be about foreign policy, security and defense.
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let me focus this short remarks on this key issue, if i may. the uk is and will remain an important player in european security. the uk amounts for 20% of european defense spending. it is a nuclear power. it has a permanent seat in the u.n. security council and has a large diplomatic outreach. yet, uk leaving the eu does not put european security at risk. bilateral relations between uk and eu countries will continue. the partnership between the eu and nato will further expand. nato battalions deployed in poland, lithuania, latvia are not affected by brexit, and brexit does not put that relationship into question.
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still, the nature of the eu/uk relationship in defense is bound to change. what does that mean? as a member state you can shape the european union's action in diplomacy, development or defense. the uk will no longer be able to do that because it has decided that it wants to leave the eu and to leave the council of minister, the european council. this is simply the consequences of the uk's decision to leave the european union. but, ladies and gentlemen, we share similar values with the uk. we both promote a rules-based international order and we will continue to face the same global terrorism, cyber attacks, disinformation campaign and broadly the establishment of our continent. not a single european country
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can solve these challenges alone. this is also true for other kind of challenges such as climate change, poverty, migration or financial crisis. building on all this our partnership in defense and security should be big in scope, we should incorporate where we share the same political objectives. for example, we will continue defending together the iran nuclear deal while supporting the peace process in the middle east. it is already clear that we are largely converging on three issues with uk, foreign policy, sanctions policy and military operations. obviously cooperation after brexit will have to be defined exactly what is at stake for the weeks in my negotiations.
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it indicates the more the uk will engage alongside eu to deeper our partnership is likely to be. our close cooperation with the uk will not injure the network of relationships we have with other partners. ladies and gentlemen, the eu investing in defense and security as a matter of priority and the 27 leaders and president on the commissions. it is our responsibility what we do not do for ourselves no one will do for us. this is even more true than ever. though we are now running 16 missions, six of them are military operations to stabilize our neighborhood, fight against piracy, smugglers profiting in the mediterranean, stabilization of the balkans, contribution of the fight against terrorism. we are reviewing our common structures to be more responsive and more efficient and we are setting up a european defense fund to stop the duplication of
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weapon systems across europe, which cannot operate together. it is the first time, the very first time, that the eu budget will invest in military capabilities. ultimately my conviction for a long time is that for a strong european defense means a stronger nato. just two examples, first, with the european defense fund i just mentioned the member states have good reason to invest more and better and together in defense.
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the debate on the european side is not only on how much we spend, but also how efficiently we spend the money. the european defense fund should boost cooperation between member states. another example of close cooperation with nato is the mobility -- military mobility. the eu proposes to invest 6.5 billion euros to facilitate the cross-border movement of military assets. to transfer assets and troops across europe will ultimately benefit the eu and nato. so the eu and nato have a strategic partnership as confirmed yesterday in brussels, in particular in the field of cyber fight against terrorism or cyber threats.
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so just to conclude, ladies and gentlemen, the uk and the eu will not slow down these dynamics. it is certainly -- certainly in the interest of the eu, the uk, nato and the u.s. that we are strong partners for the long-term in security. thank you very much and now i am ready to answer any questions. thank you very much. \[applause] [no audio]
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criticizing the uk's approach to brexit and saying that this approach would probably kill a u.s.u.k. trade agreement. as we speak here i think president trump and prime minister may are doing their press conference after their meeting today, but does this change the eu's calculus at all or how does this impact how the eu is looking at this next stage of negotiations? michel: elizabeth, i am charged with the e.u. negotiations for the brexit of the u.k. and i am in charge of the negotiations with the uk. eu/uk. uk/eu. elizabath: i got that.
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michel:so it's not my role to comment on going declarations just for right now, there is a press conference between president trump and theresa may. i don't want to comment. this ongoing declaration. as a matter of fact, factually i can just say that the rule is clear and well known by everybody, including the uk because we have elaborated this rule with the uk for 44 years. we are working on the basis of as i just said in my speech an ambitious free trade agreement with the uk, particularly goods as we did with canada in the last few months and as far as the trade policy is concerned, it's also possible for the uk to
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ask to be part of a custom union with us on goods, that means in that case that the uk will be included in our trade policy for goods. so it could be free to have any kind of free trade agreement and services with any said country. so those are the facts and the rules are well known by everybody. elizabath: the white paper was released yesterday and i know you haven't had a chance to study it in depth, but i'm sure you've read it. michel: yes, i spent part of my night. elizabath: i'm sure you did. were there any surprises in there or anything that gave you perhaps some new openings, some new ways to move forward? michel: my team in brussels is working clearly under each details of this proposal. first of all, the fact that the uk discussed about the future is
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welcome, it's a good thing. on my side i have to work on the basis of a proposal to the uk a few months ago in march, a very precise proposal, very ambitious proposal, it's clearly described in one of these slides, if you look at this slide you can see what could be the architecture of the future relationship. in our view. i can tell you never in the past we have proposed such a partnership with a said country. never. never. this will be the first time, based on four pillars of cooperation, economic and trade, specific cooperation where we need to have an agreement with uk, internal security and external security and defense was the key point of my short speech at the beginning. the second pillar just for you to understand, the uk leaving the eu in a few months mechanically automatically to
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leave at the same time the day after 750 international agreements we have signed in the name of the eu. 750. including what we call the single sky. just an example to show you what means this second pillar. the single sky is a common organization for the european countries to organize the use of the sky, for a plane to land, a plane to take off, the conditions for the pilots, the certification and so on. so we manage all the sky together. uk is leaving, it is their decision, so we have practically -- we must have an agreement with uk just for the british
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airlines planes to be authorized to land and to take off and on their side they will have to negotiate with each and every said country including the united states such an agreement for their own, but we have to have it between uk and the eu and the single sky we must have such an agreement. so that is our proposals. many toolbox that we have including new negotiations. elizabath: in looking at the white paper it does seem that the uk has moved forward in its proposals and as we all know prime minister may has gotten a lot of criticism and heat at home for what is being determined a soft brexit.
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you know, accepting harmonization of eu rules and trade. you yourself have said that up until now about 80% of what needs to be agreed has been agreed, leaving the 20%, which is probably the hardest 20%, but in any negotiation it takes two to move. do you see any flexibility on the eu's part? michel: just to avoid any misunderstanding and confusion, in this long and extraordinary negotiations, they are unique and i will do everything for this brexit to be unique. there are steps. we have to put the steps in the right order. the first step is about the divorce, the separation the uk asked for. we are organizing this orderly withdrawal much better than a
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disorderly withdrawal through this treaty. this is a precondition. what i said about the 80% agreed is about this treaty. the white paper published by the uk yesterday and the guidelines published by the eu leaders in march are about the future. what is at stake is clearly the finalization of this treaty from now until october, a few months, or november, and when this treaty has been ratified x months after we have to publish a political declaration -- political declaration about the future operations. that is why this white paper is useful and why we have to check it to assess it in line of my guidelines. so two different exercises, the agreement through a treaty is
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this paper and then a political declaration on the side. and obviously we will have to negotiate, but i have to negotiate on my side on the base of the guidelines, very clear guidelines of the european council. the european council is a council where the 27 leaders, head of states and government, meet every three months and they gave me a very clear mandate to negotiate with the uk and to protect the interest of the 27. that means that we have to protect what is the mainstream of the european union, the single market. and to be clear, the uk knows perfectly what this means because we have built the single markets with the uk for 44 years and i can tell you because i have been the commissioner for the single market for five years. '20 until '2024 just after the crisis.
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rebuilding with the uk our architecture regulation at the same time that the u.s. built your own response to crisis through the dodd-frank act. so the uk has always had a very huge and real degree of interference on the single market. the rules are clear and the foundations are clear. we are linked to what we call the four freedoms, freedom of movement for people first, goods, services and capital. so we have to work in the framework of these four freedoms to find the best solution as possible for the duration of the uk. elizabath: you mentioned march
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-- michel: to be clear, i can just repeat that it could be a strange and -- there is no reason -- no justification for us to unravel what we are because the uk is leaving. so we have to work -- the uk is leaving so we have to protect what we are, to be open, but not at a detriment of the principals and the foundation of the single market. elizabath: but is this a time -- a point in time -- i mean, yes, you're right, the uk is leaving and the rest of you are staying, but does that mean that -- i mean, there are other places in europe where you're hearing concerns, complaints, about the rules and regulations of the eu. is this a point perhaps when the
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eu could take a look at taking more flexible approach to its relations with countries that are not full members? be precise. michel: i'm meeting once per week in the capital, the prime minister, the national parliaments, the stakeholders, business community and trade unions. i listen. and i'm a politician so i think we have to deal with the consequences of brexit but also to draw the lessons of the brexit and to listen to the people. not to confuse what is called populism with popular sentiment. we have to listen to people and to change what needs to be changed. but i do not listen to any critic on the way the single market is working today.
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the single market is the foundation, it is our common and strongest asset. why the u.s. the single market is the foundation, it is our common and strongest asset. why the u.s. business could come into one country, be open at the same time as the 27 member states, same rules, same certification, same standards and supervision. that is a single market. so there is no critic in the contest about what we are as a single market. it is the base for all the european business and for all the european cities and consumers to be protected the same way and to be supervised and to be certified in the same way. on top of this is common jurisdiction. when you are leaving this
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ecosystem of rules, standards and norms you become a separate country, to the point, to the legal point. but to be more precise i think that we need flexibility for some of our policies and we are already have the right tools for the flexibility. for instance, some countries are a member of the eurozone, some countries are not a member of the zone. some countries are not a member of the structured cooperation defense. so i think that being 27, no longer 28, we need flexibility. i agree with you. but the mainstream, the foundation of the eu which is single market from the very
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beginning, never forget what happened at the very beginning after the second world war, statemen decided to meet themselves and just to avoid to begin again the war between us they decided to consolidate the political will through the economy. it was the first community for steel in the 50. after the common market through the treaty of rome. after the single market. so this is the foundation of the eu. it's difficult to compromise on this foundation. but i need for many policies because 27, 28, we need some flexibility. just to be more precise, in our treaty we have a tool for the flexibility, it's called the cooperations. that means some countries can go on their way, take initiative and the others are not obliged
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to follow. elizabath: you mentioned -- michel: sometimes it's strange. in washington and the u.s. to explain what we are. i'm sorry, but the functioning of the eu is complex because we are not a federal state. we don't want to be a federalist state. we are 28 nations, 28 people, 24 national languages, 28 national identities, different culture, different tradition and each and every of the european countries want to keep this difference. no? it's legitimate that french people want to keep that difference, the germans, too. the point is for 60 years we succeed to pool this national policy, part of our sovereignty, without merging everything.
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united doesn't mean uniform. united doesn't mean uniform. that is why it's so complex to make the eu working. just to give you an example, it could be strange in the u.s. because you speak the same language, when i am in the european council meeting or the european parliament meeting to speak about brexit, all around the room, large room, we have 24 cabins -- cabins with interpreters. elizabath: with interpreters, yeah. in each cabin explaining michel: legitimately what i say in french and 23 other languages. this is complex. this is costly. so it could be less complex, much more -- much less complex,
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much less costly, we can get rid of all of the cabin and speak the same language, english. elizabath: i don't want to monopolize the time but i want to ask one more question. michel: the european people doesn't want this unit from europe. that's why it's complex. elizabath: i am not sure the british people got that message. maybe if they had before we wouldn't be -- you wouldn't have a job. michel: i work lots with the british people for a long time, i have been two times commissioner, i was clearly in a very positive way with them, for example, with the financial regulation which is a very sensitive issue for them. i rebuilt the architecture of the financial regulation in europe after the crisis. 41 regulations for banks and markets, products and we succeed for 39 of the 41 regulations to get uk on board, the city on board with this organization.
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it was not by chance, it was my strategy to put in place this regulation not against the city but with the city. and the uk -- one of the countries, france, wants to keep its difference, not to be merged. it is legitimate. elizabath: all right. last question for me and then we're going to go to the audience. you said that march, 2019, is the deadline. what if there isn't? michel: chosen which the brits? elizabath: chosen by the brits. michel: later in march 17, choose the date and she knows at that time that two years after, the legal base of the treaty, the date of withdraw -- the date of brexit has been chosen by the -- elizabath: by the brits.
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michel: two years of negotiation. and if everything goes well, i'm working that sense, starting from this date of march, begin the transition eu and because we are the market. and uk for 21 months. elizabeth: what if anything doesn't go well and what kind of contingency plans are you making? it's an ambitious negotiating schedule as you rightly point out. it was determined by the brits when they triggered article 50. but what if it doesn't -- what if you can't reach agreement? michel: on both sides you have to be prepared. if you look at the white paper. prime minister may spoke about this.
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we have to reach a deal. and i'm working to reach a deal respecting the rule and principles of the eu and uk. in any case we have to be prepared to companies and businesses have to be prepared in any case for the brexit. brexit means it can't be business as usual. if you look at my slide, no copyright, huh? [laughter] michel: you can see on one side
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the different corporations with countries we have already. most integrated. eu and uk and remain to be member. second best would be to be a member of the eu and economy. norway is out of the eu but part of the market, respecting the rules. and the last one in the uk and free trade. but all the steps are available for you. it is their choice. and i put on the other side of
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the paper the current red line of uk and going to pay and respect the freedom of movement of people, which is a key point for us. and be part of our trade policies. so the red line to close the door. elizabeth: they go down the stairs. let's open it up to the audience. please wait for the microphone, identify yourselves and make it a question, not a statement. start right here. >> i'm from itv news, i know you said you didn't want to talk about mr. trump but his advice is we should walk away and leave the eu.
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michel: who is we? >> i'm british media. mr. trump's advice is that the uk should walk away and some people think that might be the best position. surely that should worry you. michel: [indiscernible] uk is leaving. we respect the vote. and i'm working from last year, hard work. and i'm working on it.
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but i'm working for reasonable. >> thank you for your remarks. you mentioned the uk -- [indiscernible] >> i guess you have been commissioner for five years. my question is with regard the industry. the white paper chose a good industry to brexit which comprised of 80% of uk economy. with regard to the continued contract and finance industry. would you like to have your views --
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\[indiscernible] michel: i don't want publicly to go into details but you asked part of leaving. the case of withdrawal and we need to check very carefully what could happen to the financial markets. that is the reason why we have created, between the bank of england and the ecb, a working group and we are working to put the private sector in front of its own responsibility. and i think the private sector
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and to lookepared carefully at their exposure to the u.k. markets. i don't want to commend the daily work of this group. but we are carefully preparing. elizabeth: mark. >> i'm from the korea economic institute. for the purpose of future cooperation with the uk on the issue of social and judicial affairs, especially is it , important to the eu that it remain a signatory on human rights? michel: yes. elizabeth: that was an easy one. michel: the key principle we have to take care for freedoms, the market, autonomy and
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respecting the sovereignty of have to and they respect the economy of the eu, and the integrity of the eu and the politics. and to be part of this convention is one part of the response. suzanne lynch from "the irish times." i just wanted to get some more of your views on the irish backstop. you mentioned 80% of the agreement had been more or less agreed. you didn't say the 20% but you said ireland is a problem and has not been resolved. where do things stand now, and that and is it imperative something that has gone on this in order for a deal to be done by october? michel: following my mandate
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, which is on the side of the negotiator asam a well as the 26 others. agreement, aan backstop for ireland. treaty if we want a under withdrawal we must have an , operational backstop for ireland, if i can give you some more details. ireland is very clear and serious. between the to come two countries, but on the same island you have two countries and no border, thanks to what we call the good friday agreement 20 years ago that established
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the peace and the dialogue between the communities, and in northern ireland there is no border. and more than that, there is no border between the communities, one in 40 or 42 and one in 40 or 42 different type of corporations. human social, environmental, health, education economic issues. this is the good friday agreement. i'm very engaged and involved in this process because i have been the commissioner since 15 years ago, for the peace program. we have to be very careful. both sides, the u.s. and us, committed to protect the negotiations of the good friday agreement and all its dimensions, and that means no borders.
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but the parties on this part of the island, which is part of the u.k., leave the market. to protect the consumer center protect the business of the markets everywhere, we protect the eu, and all these controls you can spend part of you we can to read the white paper. and these are all the controls implemented at each end of the border of the eu everywhere. greece, finland, u.k., france, portugal everywhere. ,we implemented all these controls on the goods coming inside a single market. we inspect the goods for security and safety and so on. to be clear, part of this
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-- these controls are already implemented in belfast, the goods coming from the rest of the uk to northern ireland. veterinary controls, animal arerols, the controls at the in belfast airport where the goods come in for the rest of the uk. ,so protecting the integrity of the market, to implement somewhere these controls and we try in the next -- these controls, technical controls safety controls, custom checks. we see where and when in terms of control to assure that there is integrity in a single market. no question to be clear, no question of a border. i want to respect, we want to
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respect the u.k. unity, and respect the institutional order of the uk. case, mrs. may recognizes the responsibilities of the u.k. to protect the agreement, so she agreed in march that there will be a backstop in the agreement. and until and unless we find together the best definition after, in any case, we have a backstop. we have a back stop, it could be amended, changed, improved, but we need a backstop to assure no border, and controls. that i'm very concerned by the situation. i was in ireland a few weeks ago
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, and it is not about goods, control, the czechs, it is about people, and the peace. my name is andrew hyde. time heres about your you arengton, what seeking from the united states, and leaving "the sun" interview aside, what are the other elements here in washington, what do you see the u.s. role being, positively or negatively in terms of brexit, what does , the eu need to make brexit a success from your standpoint? michel: brexit is first a question between the u.k. and the eu.
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because in terms of our relations, in terms of solidarity, it is useful to give europe a vision and a feeling about this, and the goal. this week in the u.s., i spent two days in new york, we met with ambassadors at the united , andns and stakeholders three days talked about trade and the chairman of the federal reserve, and yesterday in the and membersgressmen of the friends of ireland part -- friends of ireland. stake,ained what was at the agenda of the commission, why we want to reach an agreement with the u.k., and the
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chance and limits of the negotiations. one point i mentioned in my speech a few minutes ago is that not of my meetings during these recently somebody telling me that there is no value to the brexit. even mr.in europe, in my i met a person office at his request. it was a very stimulating meeting. [laughter] proof not able to give me about brexit, about leaving brexit. my last question at the end of for aneting was asking
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explanation, because he was trying to explain why exit -- why brexit was useful for me. and i asked him, can you tell me how you talk about brexit? we won the brexit and the brexit campaign, how do you see the situation between eu and uk? silent, and his answer was the eu no longer exists. we no longer exist. i'm not ready to give this point to mr. fahar. [laughter] elizabeth: i think we have time for one more question. michel: two. elizabeth: two more?
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you have time? michel: it depends on my answer. good morning. you mentioned earlier deeper cooperation with nato. and i was wondering, there are a couple of countries in the eu that are not members of nato, countries where right-wing use the parties maintenance of the neutrality to great effect like the freedom , party in austria. how do you square the two between deeper nato cooperation and also preventing parties or movements from using this to become an anti-eu? michel: irelanld, finland, sweden, we have to respect their position, neutrality, if i may say. but the reason i say, what we are doing for the stronger
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european defense policies are useful also in the global context of the political situation in ireland. part of ouries are european policy on defense and security. to be part of nato, but they are part and sometimes very active partner of our new relationship, and not just the defense. 24 countries. so this is why i said for a long time that what we are doing for the european defense policy, the european defense capability,
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pulling our research, pulling investments, is globally useful for defense, and the global framework. elizabeth: last question. >> i'm from the atlantic council. thank you very much. i appreciated your comments arage, which leads me to ask about davis. it has been reported in the media that he only had three meetings, which took about hours four hours during the first half of this year. it would be interesting to hear your comments on what you would like to say on these meetings. michel: i don't want to comment on the contents of those
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meetings, those negotiations. but for a long time i have had cordial relations. known them for a long time, since 1959, the european minister in the u.k. in france, i know quite well. i have always had cordial relations with david davis. -- todon't want to come organizationw the is organized. it is the responsibility of mrs. may to appoint the british negotiator. if i tell you, the british negotiator are competent and very competent and very respectful person. last question.
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>> welcome to washington. i am from "the globe post pico post." globe do you think the eu would consider partnering with the u.s. on a european defense fund? michel: there is an ongoing discussion in the eu. certain countries, including the a decision have because there is an ongoing discussion on the eu framework. my answer is yes, but respecting the autonomy of the. -- of the eu. prepared many of the leadership for a viable buttionship with the u.k.,
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in any case we except the anton decisions of the commission. elizabeth: please join me in thanking our guest for a wonderful session. [applause] it's been very interesting and i think you have a lot of work ahead of you. i hope you will have a little time on sunday to savor an eu victory. thank you, very much. michel: thank you. [captioning performed by the national captioning institute, which is responsible for its caption content and accuracy. visit ncicap.org] [captions copyright national cable satellite corp. 2017]
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court. i'm gratefulent, to you and humbled by your confidence in me. 's president'saugh nominee for the supreme court. i'm pleased with the nominee the president has chosen. after talking with him yesterday morning i look forward to supporting his nomination, and doing whatever i can to ensure his bipartisan confirmation. if judge kavanaugh is confirmed -- kavanaugh is confirmed, women's decisions on their own bodies, reforms to our health care system, quality of air and water and much more will be at risk. of anybody think more qualified to serve as the next associate justice of the supreme court. the confirmation process on c-span through congress as judge kavanaugh meets with key senators, the senate confirmation hearings, live onvote, watch
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c-span. watch anytime on c-span.org, or listen with the freak c-span radio app. q and a.night on >> she physically tossed me added and said -- and tossed it at me and said, no change. i decided right there on going to get that amendment ratified. forhe men responsible getting the 25th amendment to the constitution ratified --. >> i was in the library in austin, texas, and they came across a book that had an entire chapter devoted to amendments that had passed congress, but not enough state legislatures had approved. and this would jump right out at me. no law varying the compensation for the services of
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the senators and representatives shall take effect until an election of representatives shall have intervened. and i can remember standing in the aisle, holding that book in my hand, and it was as if lightning had struck. i could feel the pulsating electricity of it all, and i instead you know what, of writing about the goal rights amendment and this disputed extension to the ratification deadline, why don't i instead amendment, that sad when members of congress want to adjust their salaries, they have to wait until the next election? >> sunday night at 8:00 eastern on c-span's q and a. were history unfolds daily. c-span was created as a
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public service by america's cable television companies. and today, we continue to bring you unfiltered coverage of congress, the white house, the and public policy event in washington dc and around the country. c-span is brought to you by your cable or satellite provider. >> today on "washington journal," an update on the latest round of tariffs announced by the trump administration, and how they are impacting the u.s. relationship with canada, china, and mexico. for the next hour we are going to spend the time talking about u.s. trade disputes with canada, china and mexico. you could probably throw the eu in as well, before long. daniel griswold is with the mercada center. josh meltzer is wihe
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