on "washington journal ," a look at efforts to prevent gun violence in chicago and other u.s. cities with marcus mcallister of cure violence and raphael mandell --'s the manhattan institute's -- the manhattan institute's rafael mangaul. ♪ host: good morning, everyone. 16th.thursday, august we are going to start with your thoughts on gun violence and what should be done about it. read the headlines about chicago and heard the president talking about the murder rate in that city. while the numbers are trending down, it is not just chicago. baltimore, memphis, detroit among others dealing with violence. should the government step in or should state leaders be responsible? is it more laws that are needed to restrict gun ownership or less?

agent -- is it education or community outreach or tougher prison sentences? if you live in urban areas, 202-748-8000. if you have experience with gun violence, 202-748-8001. those and law enforcement, your line this morning, same area code, 8002. all others diane lane at 202-748-8003 -- dial in at 202-748-8003. let's take a look at some of the recent headlines and statistics. this is usa today with the headline "unsolved murder rate." chicago and other big cities struggle. take a look at the trend. this is on national review's website. murders in the 10 biggest u.s. cities in the first half of each year. you can see in 2012 where there was a spike and in 2016 and 2017

. it has fallen so far in 2018. you can see where there is the most gun violence across the country. the bigger circle, the redder area is where there is the majority of the gun violence and from usa today, five major cities with the most murders in 2017. chicago, baltimore, philadelphia, new york, and los angeles. that in usa today and bernie writes trump must intervene to stop chicago violence. the former new york city police commissioner on tuesday slammed the chicago mayor for the soaring gun violence in the city, including 11 deaths and several others wounded over the weekend and called for intervention by the trump administration. here is the mayor of chicago on recent gun violence. [video clip] >> there are too many guns on the streets. too many people with criminal and there the street

is a shortage of values about what is right, what is wrong. what is acceptable, what is condemned.nd what is we, as a city, in every corner, have an accountability and responsibility. if you know who did this, be a neighbor, speak up. neighbors come together. the city will be with you shoulder to shoulder. this is not about alone how many police and where were they. of the superintendent will take accountability for that. this is not about how many summer jobs and investment. we have much more to do. there is something more at stake . us know that this is not

chicago. , the mayor ofnuel chicago calling on the community to help solve gun violence in the city. we are asking all of you this morning and spending today's "washington journal" talking about gun violence across the country. we have guests coming up who are involved in this and they will be taking your questions and comments as well. first, your take and your solutions. let's go to robert in washington, new jersey. what do you think? caller: first of all, rahm emanuel, this man should never have been elected. he was not qualified and he is not going to do anything about the crime. if you take new york and parts of new jersey, years ago you could not even go there until they had the guts to elect rudy giuliani and people like that debt -- that just enforce the

laws, arrested criminals, and clean the place up. until they take action, they just look the other way because they don't want to offend. they want to be politically correct. you have to do what is right. families that are raised properly and these children that are being taught, they go in a direction where they do not harm or hurt others. when they don't have family life and they are not told right and wrong, they are chaotic. i have seen it personally. you can walk in new york city and feel safe because of things that were done. the guns. the guns are there, but they are only used by people who are lost. host: so is it the responsibility of communities, state government, federal government to intervene early? areake sure that children getting an education? that there is community people

to turn to? do you agree with that? caller: yes, of course, obviously, but the police and the courts have to enforce. they have to intervene. when they see children not being supervised at home or going to any kind of spiritual enlightenment and they are lost and violent, they have to be dealt with. if rahm emanuel would bring somebody in like giuliani and pinpoint, do what he did. what happened in other parts of the country where you could not walk of the streets at night? what did they do to turn things around? a person like rahm emanuel l was never qualified to be a mayor. he only had connections to all these political people. he does not want to offend. host: let me hear from rob in new york. your turn. caller: good morning. thank you for c-span. one thing your man just forgot to say about new york city is

there is a one-year prison penalty for anyone caught -- there are no guns in new york city, you cannot have them. only the police. my comment really was going to be about these machine guns, these ar-15 assault weapons. until we can have a common sense -- and i am not against the second amendment, but i am against these ar-15 type assault weapons. most police departments do not want citizens to have that kind of military weaponry and until we can have just a basic common nra, discussion, the everybody has got to get in on it and you have got to say get rid of these military assault weapons.

you have got to band them. i am not -- you have got to band them. i am not saying shotguns or nine millimeter glock's or that people should not have their pistols and stuff like that. these assault weapons have got to go. if we cannot get together on that simple point and make legislation, i don't know how we will solve this problem. host: let me toss some ideas out for all of you to think about. this is from michael bloomberg's group, he funds this group to reduce mass shootings. if this is a strategy for reducing gun violence. cities can harness their own data to better understand the specific factors that drive gun violence. from milwaukee where criminal justice officials review every homicide and shooting in the city to chicago where an analysis of gun trace data exposed all the sources of the underground gun market.

data can help policy makers address gun crime. cities can address the supply -- reduce the supply of illegal guns by cutting off sources of the underground market. criminal officials recognized -- officials recognize criminals were stealing guns. cities can improve public spaces to make it harder for criminals to stash or use firearms. vacant lot were transformed into green spaces. cities can adopt measures to improve investigation of gun crimes and leave fewer gun crimes on salt. cities can help break the cycle of violence by running programs that focus on the places and people most likely to be affected. that is something we will focus on coming up on "washington journal" when we talk with marcus mcallister with the group cure violence, a national trainer with that group.

formerly incarcerated and now working in inner cities to do what every child -- what -- just said, running programs that focus on the places and people. cities can offer positive alternatives for at risk individuals and because fatal to mystic violence accounts for as 6 homicides, cities can make sure they do not have illegal access to guns. has their own report. here are facts on gun violence. violent crime is down. the principal public safety concerns are suicides and illegally owned handguns. a small number of factors increase the likelihood a person will be a victim and gun related murders are carried out by a predictable poll of people. higher rates of gun ownership are not associated with higher

rates of violent crime and there is no relationship between andct gun legislation homicide and violent crime rate. illegally owned firearms are used for lawful purposes much more often than they are used to commit crime or suicide and permit holders are not the problem, but may be part of the solution. what do all of you think? joanna in chicago, welcome to the conversation. caller: i recently had this conversation with a pastor here in chicago. in southrrently lawndale, which is like the hotbed currently for most of the murders. is iestion around emanuel understand -- i am not a racist, i work for all of you, but i understand he doesn't want to take funding because of president trump's stance on

sanctuary cities and he wants to make this an open area for people running from other countries based on the violence and then being refugee and things of that nature. however, what do we consider the people trapped in their homes that currently advocate for? the grandmothers and the people who have homes and have been there 20 and 30 and 40 years. are they not also susceptible to violence and they have no place to sleep? i am trying to figure out which group is he considering more of a priority? is he considering the people orning from other countries is he -- which 1 -- these grandmothers and people you work with, what do they want done? rep. gohmert: -- caller: i work for it -- this is what they want it they cannot, out for a barbecue because they are being gunned down. they are not solving the murders. i work for at risk youth and i

know they receive guns. south one day is -- south is only -- this street second to the magnus music -- magnificent mile for the money they make. it's a large hispanic area. rahm emanuel knows most of these guns and the violence -- this is where it is coming from and a lot of it is coming from that turnpike from mexico to chicago. the south lawndale immunity is right where most of the violence is. most of the violence happens in the south lawndale community -- north lawndale community. flourished,ty has whereas north lawndale has been devastated. it looks like beirut. there is something wrong and rahm emanuel knows, but the

people don't have any faith in him because he will not tackle what is going on as far as that divide. host: what specifically has to be done? what needs to be tackled? the gangasically, violence. there is a latin king. not a racist, but there is a disparity between the hispanic community and the black community and that makes the south and north lawndale, that makes up those communities. most of south lawndale is hispanic and north lawndale is african-american. most of these people have direct connections. this is what the community believes breed i am not going to sugarcoat it. the community believes there is a preference with the hispanic community. they think that he is basically

in the pocket of the hispanic community. i hate to say that, but connected to the cartel. this is what they believe. host: when you say this is what they believe, what community are you talking about? guest: these -- caller: the south lawndale community? host: the african-american community? caller: yes, they want to know why those communities are not funded. second only to the magnificent mile as far as the revenue they take in. there is a thing called the hispanic employment plan. these different organizations have flourished. the organizations in the black community have not and they have been devastated over the past 20 years with regard to drugs. it is on the news today about the direct connection between the cartel and the different. i am just being honest with you. this is what they believe.

they are not idiots. they see it. they don't have any trust in rahm emanuel because he doesn't tackle the real issue. , althoughmy president -- i don't support him, but he is the president and he wants funding here to help these communities. rahm emanuel says he refuses to take funds from president trump because of the issue with sanctuary cities. host: let me ask you this final point and i will have to move on. thinku saying -- do you you and others would like to see the president come into chicago and take over the situation? caller: we would definitely like for him -- for him to be sayingd and not him just we are not going to deal with president trump at all because we want to have our city to be friendly towards immigrants.

i understand that, but there should not be a shutdown because we are also refugees in these communities. these kids are being gunned down just like kids in mexico. they can't come outside. refugee here and where can they sleep? who is priority? neither one of them should be priority. he has to understand our lives are just as important and they are seeking refuge. that is all i am saying. host: theresa in tennessee, good morning to you. caller: good morning. you gave that woman a whole lot of time. i hope i get the same amount. to the caller who called in and said it is an ar-15 problem. it is not an ar-15 problem. the people of chicago are being gunned down by illegal handguns, woman whos and to the

said there's a difference between the hispanic community and the black community. i agree with her 100%, but not just rahm emanuel is showing a difference, the whole them a cut party is showing a difference. or one democrat leader person coming for office came out against the poor people in -- the gun laws of chicago is what is causing these people to be slaughtered. can't carryen you on school, where do they go to kill, in the schools. allowed people are not to carry guns, so they are not able to defend themselves. the only people in who have guns in chicago are criminals. what do you know about the gun laws in chicago? caller: they have the strictest

gun laws in the country. it is almost impossible to get a gun. i live in tennessee. easiest thing in the world for me to go get a gun, protect myself, protect my home, protect my family. those people, and i feel so sorry for them, have lived under democratic rule all their life and saymocrats dictate what they can and cannot do and they told them they cannot protect themselves. they cannot carry guns. it is racism. the democratic party has used racism against the black people who vote for them and said you are not allowed to protect your family or your home or your children. int: ok, let's go to jim clarksburg, west virginia. caller: good morning. caller, she is in

tennessee and she knows everything that is going on in chicago. that is a typical republican fox news trump watcher. speaking of trump, he comes to west virginia a whole lot and none of the coal mining jobs have come back. after 34tired from -- years and was turned down for black lung by the supreme court in charleston, the ones that are buying couches for like $35,000, he said that is probably where his black lung money went. as far as guns, i don't think we can do anything about them. there is too many. it is funny that republicans keep bringing up immigrants. that is the problem, that is what they say. i have more of a fear than any

trump supporter than i do any in them -- any immigrant. if you start any kind of sentence saying i am not a racist, but -- saying, "i am not a racist, but" you are a racist. host: if we are never going to be able to deal with the amount of guns, then what is the solution to prevent the violence? well, i wish i had the answer. congress can't do anything. host: why not? caller: what have they done? the only thing that is constantly on the news is donald trump. he has taken over everything, msnbc, cnn, i don't want fox news because i am not crazy. congress can't do anything. they are still talking about hillary clinton's emails. host: ok. following up on that previous

collar about chicago's gun laws not working, npr -- sarah sanders has said the same thing theconservatives have said same thing. npr did a fact check and said it is also true, high crime and tough gun laws. it's also true there were more than 4000 shooting victims in chicago in 2016. sharply rose as result of gun homicides. by homicides rose between -- 61%. it is true illinois has tougher gun laws. they are one in seven that requires licenses and permits to buy firearms and one of five that requires waiting periods. b+ forgiven the state a the gun laws. there is an assault weapons ban in cook county, but it is not true that chicago has the strictest gun laws in the

country. at one point it had tougher laws. they had banned handguns in the city limit. a supreme court ruling declared that ban unconstitutional and a 2010 ruling reaffirmed that. the city has had a gun registry it in1968, but ended 2013. has given -- california an a rating and ranks at number one in terms of the tightness of gun laws. california bans the open carry of guns and requires background checks among other things. state lines don't stop guns. twoago is very close to states that have relatively weak gun laws. while it is easy to pick on chicago for the ugly statistics, taking bordering states into account weakens this gun advocacy talking point. let's go to connie in chicago. what is it like where you live? caller: it is really scary,

greta. i live in one of the hot spots. i live in englewood and although the block i live on in the immediate vicinity is not as troublesome, just over this past -- and, there were incident that caused me consternation and my home is relatively safe. i have a moderate amount of safeguards around my home, which includes security and cameras and all like that, but the thing of it is just a day before yesterday, i heard of two grandmothers they got shot sitting in their homes. one lady was sitting on her sofa. a bullet came through the window and killed her. another lady was sitting in her

home and the same thing happened to her. she was 82 years old, but she survived. , all ofso troublesome these shootings that occur in these so-called hotspots, englewood, the south side, and lawndale on the west side, these things occur, but the end result is always the same. they tell you no one is in custody yet. when these shootings occur in the white neighborhood, they immediately catch the suspect. , he has been ael poor mayor in my view. he is sucking up to the latinos, hoping to get their vote whereby it will not be necessary for him

to get the black vote because he knows the black vote is a strong hold here in chicago. he has been totally indifferent to the black community in so far as infrastructure improvements. he has taken what they call tip funds from the black wards and has invested and put it into the downtown area and the near north side. he is pulling millions of dollars in those areas, but in our community, he is doing nothing. we have got to get rid of rahm emanuel. he is the problem. he is not a solution. then he has this police superintendent, eddie johnson, he is black and nothing but a lapdog and a lackey for rahm emanuel. i am speaking of the black community, there is a huge need for us to coalesce and get rahm

emanuel out of office because he does not care about black people at all. , if that is do that the goal, how does that end gun violence? caller: let me say this to you, greta. about three years ago they had a g-8 summit here. we had an influx of all these foreign leaders coming to chicago and they safeguarded the area. they had their summit and not one hair on their heads was pinched not even by the sunlight. if they can protect those people, why can't they protect the residents of our city? there is a solution. he ismanuel, while sitting there and join the luxury of the fifth floor city hall, needs to pull together

state andity -- the other so-called leaders in this city to come up with a viable solution. the man doesn't care. host: connie in chicago. damon in waldorf, maryland. caller: how are you doing? host: good morning. caller: good morning. i see the problem as a lot of different things going on. number one, nobody ever talks about of all the cameras in chicago, they can't find anybody .ho has committed these murders number two, a lot of these murders happen on the weekends or holidays. how is it that people who live in chicago -- they are there all the time and murders only happen on weekends in chicago? or a lot of them happen on weekends and holidays. a lot of people are saying people from outside groups are

coming in to chicago like shooting people -- and shooting people. like the first lady or the second lady talking about the mexican mafia, that is what a lot of people are saying. i have family that used to live in chicago and they moved. i am originally from indiana, really night -- right next door and people used to come to indiana and buy guns that live in chicago. just walk in the store and you can buy a gun and come right out. nobody ever talks about that. thousands and thousands of cameras in chicago and not one of these murderers are caught. host: in other news this morning and then we will get back to more of your phone calls. more on this conversation with many of you. the president yesterday revoked the security clearance for the former cia director john brennan . the headline in "the wall street journal," from revokes ex-spy

clearance." [video clip] >> mr. brennan has a history that calls into question his objectivity and credibility. he denied to congress that cia officials under his supervision improperly accessed the computer files of congressional staffers and told the council of foreign relations the cia would never do such a thing. the inspector general contradicted mr. brennan, concluding that agency officials had improperly accessed congressional staffers' files. mr. brennan told congress the intelligence community. make use of the so-called -- did not make use of the so-called steele dossier, an assertion contradicted by at least two other senior officials in the intelligence community. mr. brennan has recently

leveraged his status as a former high-ranking official with access to highly sensitive information to make a series of unfounded and outrageous allegations, wild outbursts on the internet and television about this administration. mr. brennan's recent conduct characterized by increasingly fringe -- is inconsistent with proximity to the nation's secrets. host: after this briefing, the president sat down with "the wall street journal." two reporters right president trump drew a direct connection between the special counsel investigation and his decision to revoke the security plans of mr. brennan and reviewed the clearances and -- of several other foreign officials. mr. trump cited mr. brennan as among those he held responsible for the investigation, which is

looking into whether there was collusion between the trump campaign and the kremlin. mr. trump denied in -- collusion. -- presented evidence to mr. before his inauguration that russia had interfered in the 2016 election. a quote from the president "i collect the rigged witchhunt." "it is a sham and these people led it. i thought something had to be done." in a tweet, mr. brennan had this to say. "this action is brought up a broader effort by mr. trump to suppress freedom of speech and punish critics predate should gravely worry all americans, including intelligence professionals about the cost of speaking out. my principles are worth more than clearances. i will not relent."the wall

street journal editorial board saying this about the president's decision, the empty brennan gesture. -- investigating his behavior in , promoting the dossier that past along uncorroborated treaty has been a leading critic of the investigation into the events of 2016 perhaps because he doesn't want his own actions exposed to public scrutiny. the more affected than politically healthy way to fight back would be for mr. trump to declassify all the documents under subpoena from congress about the 2016 election. this includes information that would let the american people know whether our top law enforcement and intelligence agencies were abusing their party -- power to tip the scales. absent the full story, the revocation of mr. brennan's security clearance looks pretty petty without a compass think

anything -- without a cop is anything useful. that in the papers this morning -- without accomplishing anything useful. that in the papers this morning. here -- let's hear from tony in maryland. caller: how are you today? host: good morning. caller: good morning. everything can sellingthe individuals illegal guns. that would cut down on a great deal of gun violence as far as the assault weapons are concerned. it is not the problem, it is the person that has the weapon in their hand waiting to do something wrong. you cannot blame the gun, just like blaming the car for running over people. host: what do you do about those people? caller: well, if you are going

to shoot somebody, i think you should spend the rest of your life in jail. host: tom cotton, the senator from arkansas this morning writes in today "washington journal" reform the prisons without going soft on crime. the house pass the bill to improve conditions in prisons and encourage them to participate in rehabilitation programs. once a criminal pays his debt to society, everyone should hope he can get back on his feet and become a productive, law-abiding citizen. according to the national institute of drug abuse, in 2017 more than 70 -- 72,000 americans died of drug or over discs -- drug overdoses. in 2015, 2016, the most recent years for which data is available, violent crime increased in the fastest rate in

a quarter century. congress and the u.s. sentencing commission cut prison terms for drugs traffickers and other guy -- other violent felons, putting more criminals on the street. as a result, the federal inmate population declined 16% since 2016 and now sits at the lowest level since 2004. he writes proposals to give judges more discretion and cut mandatory minimums endangers public safety. do you all agree or disagree? let's go to eddie in los angeles. what has been your experience? eddie, good morning. let me push that one more time. caller: good morning. host: what has been your experience? caller: i had a brother that was shot and killed. i think we are looking at the wrong thing. i think we are looking at the

symptoms and not the problems. as you were reading the cities when you started the program, i noticed most of those cities had a chapter of the black panthers at one time, where there was unity. i think it is more of a morale and education and despair problem. we don't have anybody to speak in our foreign communities anymore. the same thing we are accepting illegals for. where do we go? our leaders are so busy dealing with illegals and getting reparations to people that doesn't even have a need. they totally took us -- advantage of the citizenship. to find people, need out what it is we need and keep -- quit depending on the people who put despair in our communities. knowof the black people i

went to mexico and bought cocaine and put it on our communities. this is how they finance their projects for the illegals. savings loanshe and then it became the predatory loans. we need to stop putting in the maxine waters, the pelosis, the .einsteins our community has been the same sensei have been there. the only thing different is now we have to learn spanish. incriminated the war on drugs, they called us criminals and now they call -- they have a sickness. they build jails for us and now they want to build facilities for rehabilitation. it is the despair. i think it goes a lot deeper than just guns. host: who would you like to see?

is there a well-known name of someone to represent you? caller: i don't mean to cut you off, but i called you once before and i was talking about the confederate statues. those are not the ones that bother me. elect me and i will help every illegal come over here and undercut you. a merit -- america hasn't paid their bill to the native americans in the black americans. their education is the poorest you could ask for. our schools are the same ones i went to predict not the illegals, they are brand-new. host: how do you know that? caller: because we have programs, i go to my community. do you understand what i am saying? our government is the largest employer of illegals. they do it through subcontracting.

if they take our taxes to hire people against us because these people come in and undercut you. you are talking about a bunch of is alleated, but it slavery because you have to work five jobs to get a decent living. host: living in los angeles, mexico, do youto believe every hispanic person is? illegal? -- is illegal? caller: let me tell you something. i live in mexico. this is not los angeles. host: is it racism to think that every hispanic person in los angeles is illegal? caller: i did not say that. host: ok. i am trying to clarify. caller: you are trying to put words in my mouth. i am telling you the democratic party changed their philosophy and you don't hear about our needs. understand?

the battle is off. as soon as they said war on drugs they started putting our kids in jail. if a black person took a child across the desert, they would have him arrested for child abuse, child endangerment. do you understand what i am saying? that is despair because we understand there is a difference. this country is making more money in the stock market and they are making record money into corporations and you can't get a decent wage. come on, man. i am a veteran, i fought for this. do you understand what i am saying? host: heard your points, eddie. we will go to paul in new york. your turn. caller: hello. host: good morning. caller: a lot of different subjects being discussed there.

hello? host: we are listening. caller: you have a little delay from the tv to the phone. host: yeah, just listen to your phone. caller: good morning. first of all, there's a lot of subjects being discussed and the gun control issue. really just has to be controlled by the people who own the guns. i am in new york and you have to go through an expensive process to own a handgun and every one of them is registered. if you do it legally, you have a waiting period. it takes at least four to 6 months to even get your permit. i have been -- i am ex-law enforcement and i know and i see things happening. i have grandchildren and my grandchildren are getting to the

point right now where they want to get interested into shooting sports and hunting and before they even touch a handgun or any other kind of gun, safety is the biggest thing that has to be instructed to them. the biggest thing i see is when you go into probably more than 50% of the houses these days, all of the games these kids are playing at these young ages are destructive. they are killing people, jumping over, shooting tanks, blowing up buildings and everything. i always listen to dr. phil and frames during this page the development -- page frame, age frame, the- development of a child is still involved in that end getting

involved in that lessens the effect in the real world. it almost like trains them to not know what is reality and what isn't, in some aspects. that is another point and i am glad you went over the opiate overdoses last year. .2,000, more than vietnam and we lost a child last june of a drug overdose with the it is just like a domino affect. if you see how many people are , i betrom this overdose you everyone who had sold them drugs has a firearm of some kind. can conceal carry 24/7 married

-- 20 47. my wife carries 24/7. i am not going to be a victim. i need some protection because it is too large of a cure for the policeman to respond to. the only thing people can do is try to minimize when some individual decides to run out with a gun and do something ,ecause whatever is in his head whatever happened to him, however he was brought up in his life or whatever problems he has either mental or physical or emotional or being on drugs or whatever. they are not going to have an effect. host: paul, i am going to leave it at that point and get in some other calls. we will continue with the conversation until the top of the hour. also want to touch on what editorial boards are doing across the country.

350 news outlets from around the country have joined the boston globe in their effort to support a free press. any me of no one is the -- enemy of no one is the hashtag. editorials are being written across the country supporting the free press the opinion pages of the new york times -- the opinion page of the new york times has a full page about how the free press needs you and it includes quotes from local papers around the country and they write "answering a call from the boston globe, the times is joining hundreds of newspapers to remind readers of the value of america's free press." these editorials together form a fundamental american institution . if you haven't already, subscribe to your local papers. praise them when you think they have done a good job or criticize them when you think they can do better. we are all in this together. the san francisco chronicle is

not joining the call from the boston globe and they write this "it is not that we take issue with the argument that trump's assault on the truth and his efforts to diminish the free press specifically pose a threat to american democracy. i wholeheartedly agree with the globe's editor that such unprecedented attacks on press freedom by the president of the united states are alarming. one of our most essential values is independence. having a united front on the issue with voices from boise to boston taking a stand for the first amendment makes a powerful statement, however, i would counter answering the call to join the crowd is not the same as an institution deciding to raise a matter. our decision might have been different had we not weighed in so often on trump's. myriad moves to

tariffs on- slapping news prince -- news prints. it is worth pausing to note the role of the editorial board. the position on the unsigned pieces on the editorial page reflect the consensus of a board that includes the publisher and the editors and writers in the dependent -- in the opinion department. that is separate from the news side where editors and reporters make judgment without regard to the editorial position. this includes the endorsements we make in elections. i am aware the separation of church and state is well understood and enforced within the building, but not universally known or accepted by americans, especially on the far right who might be skeptical of mainstream media. this brings me to my other concern, it plays into trump's media -- narrative that the media is aligned against him." that is from the san francisco

chronicle and you can see probably in your local. for -- paper, the editorial board. patty davis also writing about the opinion pages of "the washington post," my father would have never stood for this. those of us who are vilified by media far of the outnumber those who are swept up by this ugly passion. we are still in the majority, but if we are silent and don't speak up and raise our voices and say this is not america, a won't matter we are the majority. silence didn't create this country. commitmentilling did. let's go back to our conversation. we have got about 10 minutes

left although we will continue throughout the "washington journal" focusing on gun violence in u.s. cities. handll hear first experience of living in chicago and trying to find solutions. we will talk with marcus mcallister of cure violence. let's hear from long beach, california. caller: good morning. host: go ahead. caller: good morning. first off, kudos to the guy who called from california earlier a couple callers back. also, thank you for your service, sir. patriots that called earlier from illinois, the females -- the ladies that lived there in the area, they are giving you most democrats, the first thing your response is are you racist. the guy is telling you all the

drugs are coming from mexico. all the cities you are talking about today are sanctuary cities. democratic operatives have undermined the black community over the past 30 years, have traded that for the lawlessness for votes. we in the community break for that -- from that, totally -- it starts local, city council, school board. school systems are ridiculous out here. in one time, california had the greatest public schools in the country, probably the world. i have traveled a bit. democratic operatives that control school districts, local

-- it is a sham and it is a disgrace. people are onto it. the next steps have to be strategic and we have to call stand these politicians against the wall. maxine waters, all these shrills throughout the community over the past 25, 30 years, enough of that. it is serious out here. it is very serious and it is easy to put a black face on it. you sleep better at night. you are used to that, you are comfortable with that. everybody knows where the drugs are coming from. 35, 75 up to texas. houston, dallas, you name it. until we stand our politicians up, african-american, whoever.

toever has taken an oath honor our constitution. the way they talk about the president. i am a registered independent. donald trump is our president. there has been no other time in where wetry's history had this type of -- wow, man. we are in serious times here. specifically, i am talking about my community. we are onto it. ok? host: heard your point. we will go to jerry in minnesota. -- jared? caller: i have a quick second, i have to go to work now. i was listening to all these uneducated black people. host: how do you know that? was mexicoifornia before the white christians

committed genocide and took their land from native americans from mexico. 16,000has been here for land. native americans, all they do is speak spanish. that is the only difference. who is the people who commit the most genocide? hitler, white. stalin, white. our president, white. who is the next people? black people. why do black people shoot people? because they stepped on their shoe and look at them wrong. host: ok, sir, you are making a gross generalization. we will go to missouri. caller: thank you for taking my call. i would like to make a comment and try to give a solution. i had a barbecue about 15 years ago and i had a neighbor come over and he got drunk and sexually assaulted my girlfriend my house.

i got him on the porch and told him to leave and he attacked me on my porch and i got inside and got a shotgun. it was not loaded. i poked him with a shotgun and he cried the police and they arrested me for two felonies. unlawful use of a weapon and domestic assault. ok, so i got it reduced to a misdemeanor and that cost me thousands of dollars. that is my experience with defending my house. i am not against guns or anything like that. i don't think people should be carrying guns around with them except law enforcement, unless you are trained. my solution for these mass murders and mass shootings is a swift, 90 days execution. shotunk in florida that that school, he was sitting in jail laughing about it and it broke my heart.

he is going to sit in jail for 20 years and laugh about it and i think they ought to execute him. leavesteve, i am going to it there. we will hit a couple headlines before we close the conversation. washington times "customer request sent cake baker back to court." the christian baker who fought to reserve his right to refuse to make cakes for same-sex weddings -- made a crusade out of trying to force him to bake cakes that are offensive to him. another request involved a cake that was blue on the outside and pink on the inside, which wasn't a problem until the caller said it was meant to transition her -- commemorate her transition from male to female. the state showed hostility to his religious beliefs. that is in "the washington times" this morning and the

defense rests in the paul manafort case. manafort's lawyer said the special counsel's office had gone on a fishing expedition to find evidence of financial crimes. nobody came forward to say we are concerned about what we are seeing until the special counsel showed up and started asking questions. the lawyer said the special counsel cobbled together information to stack up counts against manafort and overwhelmed journey. prosecutors say manafort failed to pay taxes on $15 million, money that was in overseas bank accounts that manafort kept hidden from his accountant and the irs. he earned that money working for ukraine's then-president. then -- deliberationss today in that case.

this headline, "unite the right ," and the counter protest that 2.6ened in d.c. sunday cost million dollars. the district of columbia will be asking the federal government for reimbursement for that cost. unite the right and the counter two point $6 at million. we will go to christopher in oklahoma. a couple minutes left here and we will continue the conversation with guests coming up. . go ahead. caller: how are you? host: good morning. caller: you had some wild colors this morning. -- wild callers this morning. gun violence has been kind of a abstract, complex thing. it will always be difficult to come up with simple, concrete solutions to something that complex. there is evidence that shows that if you manage discomfort in

a society and the way we have evolved, our primal instinct to angry even survive, being used as a survival thing. an example, i have been listening to your callers. distraught,gitated, like everything is so urgent and if we had more people conditioned to keep a cool head, if they had training, if we had the ability to go into the inner cities and these places having all the gang violence and training andet the evidence that shows that this is mindfulnessven like

. there are folks, journals, olympics team usa, the , they actually use this in all the training of the olympic members, to keep a cool head. i don't know how to reach all of those people, and do that. it's such a complex thing. host: we will leave it at that, and we will take a short break. when we come back, we will continue our look at gun violence in cities. mcallister,s marcus with the group, cure violence, with the goal of curing inner-city violence. we will get a different perspective on the subject from rafael meant well --mangual. we will be right back.

♪ >> for their fourth annual literary lawn party with the state -- at the state capital of jackson, with the discussion on presidential leadership. include gerald cashin, jack davis with his pulitzer prize-winning book the golf --gulf, the making of the

american say. we speak with former mississippi governor, haley barbour. her book is the great revolt. and author frank williams, with lincoln as hero. join us live, saturday at 10:30 eastern on booktv on c-span2. sunday night at eight eastern on c-span q&a, john furling talks about his book, apostles of revolution, jefferson, munro, and the struggle against the old order in america and europe. >> if they could come back and and see thatoday, the most important play on broadway now and for the past thatal years is a play lionize his alexander -- lioniz

hamilton, and villain eyes as thomas jefferson, and sees the amount of money's using american politics they would fear that many of these things that are going on in the united states today bore an uncanny to the england that they had rebels against. sunday night at eight eastern on c-span q&a. washington journal continues. host: marcus mcallister is at our table this morning, the national community coordinator for cure violence. what is this group? guest: it's a violence prevention organization that operates throughout the country and throughout the united states . we look at violence from a health perspective, our founder , and the way we look at violence is treating it using

disease control methods from an epidemiologist standpoint. host: what does that mean? what do you do? we interrupt the transmission of violence, we try to interrupt and change the behavior associated with that particular spread of that epidemic, then we change group and community norms which plays a part in violence spreading. one of the number one predictors of violence are previously violent events. we have been taught and trained about this phenomenon, about how violence is similar to any other epidemic, cholera, the aids epidemic, it has epidemic waves. is as easy as coughing today, and if you cough on someone and then they cough on someone it spreads. that's the same way with violence. how individuals are exposed to it, and they are more likely to be violent. the: how do you track when

disease is popped up? and how do you interrupted? we use a lot of data, we work in various cities throughout the country. we get the data based on those communities, and one of the ways we interrupted is we higher credit --hire credible messengers, individuals from that community. they themselves might have been violent in their past, they might have been associated with street life or whatever the nature maybe. they have what we call a credibility to intervene to stop and quell different situations. host: so what are they saying? guest: they are using their influence, they are saying a variety of things. they are in individual with streetsmarts, talking to someone , andth street smarts trying to talk someone down. i know it sounds as simple as talking but it is talking to individuals.

but it has to be the right individual talking them down, something that young people are going to say he or she has been through that and i can say that they know what they are talking about. a lot of violence around the country is happening over things that happen on social media. it starts on social media and it leads to the streets. is havings know, who these days. they will go to the individuals they know and have these relationships and tell them it is not worth it. talk them down. and sometimes out of respect they will give it a pass. and it becomes a thing with a stop that one offense and -- one of event and a culture develops. and we are showing that it is cool to not be shooting and killing in the neighborhoods. these are individuals that kids might look up to, or in their past my have been out there doing the same thing. if they can change, you can change. we become the message. host: you interact, then what is next?

guest: our job is to make sure there is no spread on the , no retaliations or anything of that nature by using our intel. canvas,phone calls, we we put that message out there. we have what you call violent interrupters and outreach workers. outreach workers are dealing with individuals on a regular basis, like any other caseworker . they do home visits and phone calls, they check on the individuals and help them with different services they need, wraparound services with jobs, assessing them and helping them make their lives that are. and we have violence interrupters, who take to the street to stop an epidemic from getting out of proportion. a guy may be coming home from jail, and if he comes home he will be coming back to his neighborhood. that they do something triggers him to get back into it

so we try to stop violence from beginning and the aftereffects. and you are in d.c. doing training but you are based in chicago. guest: that's our headquarters. we have sites all over the country. i'm in d.c. because we are launching a site in d.c. and it will be called cure the streets d.c.. i have been training with the team all week. they are phenomenal and i think they will be doing drake -- great work. they will be working in the fifth and eighth towards. --wards. they are getting out there to stop situations that could lead to the spread of violence. host: i want to show our viewers the documentary you put together, it features you and then we will come back and talk on the other side. this is where the first shooting took place. >> that's your son? my condolences. >> they ended up right here on the ground. >> 19, 20. >> he had three month to go to

school and three colleges have accepted him. two minutes later, he was laying on the ground. when they had the shooting out here yesterday, i was in here cleaning out my son's room. , they found the letter wanted to know where were you from, about your neighborhood. you can't walk outside without a gun. from a neighborhood where he looked the wrong way you get gunned down. >> we were standing in their reading the letters, and a few months later we heard the shots down the streets. all i want is justice. and i'm trying not to have street justice. , it's like aidemic

spread of chickenpox across the country. host: how did you come to do this work? for one, it's a tremendous blessing that i've been involved in this work. a little bit about my past briefly, i served on us 10 years incarceration myself when i was young. when i was 18 i made a lot of bad decisions and it cost me 10 years in jail. when i came home, having a record, just looking for jobs, i couldn't find a job that i could go forward with. came in she told me about this initiative at a chicago, those using individuals who had credibility. wasd changed my life, and i not backing anything but i knew a lot of people. she asked me to come interview for it. i did, this was 14 years ago and i've been working in this organization for 14 years. it's become a career for me, and

the people who know me, they cheer me on because they see it something positive. that's how i came into it. a lady told me about it, i did my research. was that thisnct is the neighborhood watch, but it's not like that. it's about stopping violence, we are not out your policing a community, it's using your influence and skills. they trained me, not knowing that i would become a trainer one day and become a -- and become setting sites up there on the world. host: i want to invite viewers to call in, here are the lines. (202) 748-8000 four urban foridents, (202) 748-8001 residents from chicago, and all others (202) 748-8002. host: people are seeing headlines across the country. guest: and it something we been

dealing with for some time in chicago. one of the things the headlines do not talk about, and obviously they are not going to break down -- the areas were we have sites in staccato, we don't have sites all over chicago we are operating in -- sites all over chicago, the areas where we work at where we have boots on the up.nd, violence is not but when you look at the overall picture, people see on the news that chicago has this problem. but we are doing well in the areas where our programs are adequately funded and we have credible messengers working the streets in chicago. host: what are your numbers? how do you measure success? we measure success by the killings going down in the area, we have a target area we don't serve as a whole area. we might service a certain part , ornglewood, or gresham

parts of the west side. we measure success by shootings going down and we have evaluations. threat the year we've had numerous independent evaluations. have had evaluations from some of the top universities in this country, evaluating our work. we are the number one violence prevents -- prevention organization in the world according to a global advisor. host: how to get money to pay for what you are doing? in chicago we have funding that comes to the straight -- the state. in various cities, here in d.c., the attorney general is playing a tremendous role in the program. in new york city we have quite a few sites that are funded by the city, the city council, the

states. a lot of government agencies are funding this work. somecities have had private funding, philanthropy funding and whatnot. it very throughout the country and the states that we were cap. host: our first phone call comes from detroit. discussingre psychological problems that people have, maslow came out with his hierarchy of needs, and these needs are what needs to be addressed. but we all want to address these needs. you can't just walk out onto the street and tell people we need to change our behavior and all of these people are already conditioning from their early childhoods at five years old. discrimination, prejudice, it starts at an early age. if we don't interfere in those ages it's a waste of time trying to talk to a teenager that has

already developed himself into a violent state of mind. , me,velop what i call myself, and i syndrome where we don't consider anyone else but ourselves. we have serious needs that need to be changed. 1946, end with this, in president truman signed into act , a mental health act. it was signed into law for all of the veterans coming back from the war is a post-traumatic stress and all the other problems they have. we have the same thing today from over the years of our living, even from our political system and how they have packed us and set it up. host: mr. mcallister? i would say that i respectfully disagree with a few points he made. early,rstand thing start and the younger kids have to be

done with, were not saying you don't have to deal with them. we're saying there are plenty of organizations that don't mind helping the youth, but no one is dealing with the individuals that have already been affected. i disagree that it's a waste of time. i have seen it. i'm not speaking on something that i've not seen done, i've seen it all over the country. i've seen it in project areas and some of the roughest parts of this country. i have seen individuals change. if you look at some of our staff, they have changed. it's not just talking, that's a big part of it. but we help them through all of these things. they need services, someone to get back in school, opportunities. when they see someone like myself, or another violence interrupter has changed themselves and they have this credibility, they can do it. we know we can change these behaviors because we do it every day, all the time.

it's not something i say we think it can work, it's been working in 14 years. host: kerry, in chicago. caller: good morning, i'm so thrilled. i'm a long-time listener. i want to congratulate his gentleman on the work he is doing in chicago. i'm truly appreciative of it. we pay all night long for very young people and their safety. coming from a solidly middle-class african-american neighborhood on the south side, it's easy to scapegoat the uptick in violence. particularly in our neighborhood. after the destruction of public health, i wonder if you have any thoughts on that? -- after the construction of public housing, i wonder if you have thoughts on that? what the sisters saying, displacement plays a saying,sister is displacement plays a role.

theare setting a town for survival of the fittest and how are you going to make it, it's the same thing with a lot of schools being shut down. i don't think when people are doing these things they take ,nto account the aftereffects and what the residents and even the kids were going to different schools when they tear down certain things or displacement to other areas. i think it plays a factor in the violence. -- gina is in district heights, maryland. caller: i'm calling because i have seen the nra using the guns as the excuse. ,he owner of guns is the excuse and the background checks because if you think about it, if a person is going to go out there and shoot up a bunch of people you don't know they're coming.

so they're are willing to sacrifice a certain amount of people, just to say -- and then they come out and shoot the person that is doing the shooting. but we always lose some people. i just think the guns need to be put away, or to have the background checks. host: mr. mcallister, what is the situation with guns? how people are getting them in chicago, and where they coming from? at your violence we are not naive to the fact that there is a big debate about guns, -- violence, we are not many that there is a big debate about guns. i will say there are too many guns on the streets, and the access that these young people have, they have serious artillery on the streets of chicago. there have also been years when chicago has led the country in the amount of guns we taken off the streets.

proliferation of guns in our city is quite high. i don't necessarily have to complete answer on the gun part of it, because our focus is truly on the changing behavior associated with it. we don't get between the debate. i have my personal arms and i speak on behalf of myself. i think if we get rid of some of these guns and automatic weapons , and have these checks, just speaking from my intel in the streets. gunsa lot easier to grab from indiana, their laws are different. know,me of my viewers there are stories of crates popping up in alleys. things happen and i don't know all the answers, but guns do play a part in what is going on. host: victor, in washington, d.c..

are you with us? , ina move on to charles fort collins, colorado. , iler: good morning greta would like to comment on the guns. marcus is correct, chicago has some very strict gun laws. what these people do is because of the gun laws, they go over to indiana, purchase weapons, and bring them back. it's called the iron highway. it's not just happening in chicago. it's all over america. i think the solution to this, if we treated guns, it's not the guns, it's the people who have them. if we treated guns like we did cars, where you buy a gun you have to take a test, to make , and theregister it gun is registered to you.

and if you sell the gun it is registered to the next person who has a license to own that firearm. that keeps people from going to ,ndiana, buying lots of guns and bring them back into chicago . and it gives a traceable way to trace guns, because anyone can get a gun. host: charles, what about the underground market? the black market? never going to cure everything all the time. there are so many guns, but at least this way we are making sure that people who own guns know what they are, are trained in them, and we cannot have people going out and buying 20 guns, and bringing them back into chicago ingrates -- in crates, selling them on the streets, and then going back to indiana buying more guns and bringing them back. it's just like marijuana in colorado, it's legal here, but

you can biden ticket to kansas. -- by it -- purchase it and take it to kansas. ont: do you have thoughts legally purchased guns you come -- guns? from what i saw, it's not so much our work in our organization. that's going on and i know it's that topic, but we know violence and guns is about the contagion in the activity behind it. our point is trying to stop the , we don't just focus on guns, we focus on the people, trying to get them to respond differently, how they would handle situations. just because they have the gun does not mean they have to act violently with it. we don't always get involved in

the debate. , in capitale heights, maryland. caller: i want to talk about the funding. i think their funding structure, just like another organization, there are grants, but then the program runs out. i think there should be -- i have seen other programs where they have their own business. they have to be self-sufficient, and not relying on grants from the government, because when that is cut off they cut off. the funding thing needs to be straightened out where they can fund their own selves. host: we will take that point. , i'm a realee believer in what the gentleman is saying. we rely a lot on government

funding, state funding. sometimes funding runs out and ,t cripple the organization throughout the country and then they have to fight to get the funding again. the cities and organizations have to think outside of the box and figure out ways to have sustainability to stay funded and to be able to keep themselves afloat. i think he is correct in that we have to find better ways. unless the government wants to give us a substantial amount. we would easily take a big chunk to make sure that cities are funded for the next 10 to 15 years. they have the money, they just have to believe that this approach works. police departments have billion-dollar budgets, multimillion dollar budgets. violence is the only epidemic that has not being handled -- that is not being handled by the health sector. we are part of the health sector. if we are going to fund us, give us a big chunk so we don't have to worry about it for some time.

that way we can have time enough to galvanize a community, and sustain ourselves outside of the funding. host: marcus mcallister is our guest this morning, the group's cure violence. he is the national community cornet or. here is the model, assess the , engaged community leaders, identify community partners, identify hospital partners, re-examine the data, hire and train credible workers, and diplomat the program. you talk about interrupting the violence, so it does not spread. how does it spread? guest: from one person to the next, as easily as i'm here with you now. argument, iave an go back to my neighborhood and talk about how me and greta got into it. and people who don't even know you, when they see you, now i've infect them.

them.ected it's very easy for a person to infect their friends. it spreads from one person to the next, and easily because it's like imposing their will on your friends. when one incident happens, another happens. that's why we say epidemic ways. it starts small, it might've started with someone stepping on my shoes in a club, then a fight broke out, then guns were pulled, then the neighborhood got involved. it spreads like that, from one person to the next, in various hear, the more we see and is the spread. i heard a caller earlier talking about a variety of things. violence is coming into these neighborhoods, the kids are seeing it has a traumatic experience, hearing and seeing gunshots, everything. it goes from the gangs, music, there are so many ways you can be exposed to the culture of violence.

and our brains operate in a way that when they see it, they mimic it. host: are you talking about gangs only? or is it beyond gangs? guest: it beyond gangs. we deal with a lot in the inner cities, and some cities we work in do have gang violence. with -- i have worked in cities and countries that have nothing to do with gangs. i recently worked in trinidad and south africa, it's the culture, the environment, sometimes it clicks -- sometimes wes cliques, crews, work with violent extremism. we have a program in morocco that deals with that. has been working in domestic violence, cyber bullying, and a variety of

spectrums of violence. you treat them the same way you treat the street violence. host: willy, from chicago is next. -- i would like to say, up incago, when you lock the early 80's and 90's all of the gangs, that's when it broke down. the gang leaders collaborated with each other. whether it was a straight business or social issues together, that's where the problem lies. because now you have cliques of all the gangs of chicago, eight to 10 guys, they are young and they don't understand the social issues. so they do it their way until they reach the penitentiary, where there is structure, they won't ever understand it. host: he knows what is talking about -- marcus? guest: yacht is atalking about.

we hear a lot about the streets and the structure. -- he knows what he is talking about, we hear a lot about the streets and structures and you're right, there is no structure anymore. some of these leaders come if they had the ability if they were out, they could use their influence the same way we are trying to use it with guys on the streets now, there are leaders in their own ranks. for 30 to 40n jail years themselves. debate.t's a big the ability of letting these individuals, i think personally their influence would go a long way. but then there are others, and i spoke to people on the street to say these young people are not trying to hear that. it's a big debate, but i think the last caller, i agree with a lot of his points. he was hitting things on the money and i cannot argue with them because i see it as well. in: we will go to anna,

texas. caller: do you ever meet with any of the police chiefs? the mayors, the city councils, school boards? because that is where the majority of the kids are going to be. do you meet with parents of these kids? when the public housing was being run and men were patrolling without guns. then the government decided, to others soney that he does not have that kind of authority. but there was no violence than. you meet with the community you have to get people involved. a lot of times we blame the victims. they don't want to hear that? yes they do. they didn't want to hear that.

kids want to hear that. when you're talking about funding, why don't you take one area at a time, instead of trying to go all over the world until you solve one problem in a steady -- in a city, we have problems here in texas, but we have a community involved. national night out is a time for a lot of communities to get together, but do we do it? we blame the mexicans. but they do go out and vote. we blame everyone but ourselves, and we are our worst enemy. host: we will take your point. caller: to your first -- guest: to your first question, we have met with mayors and law enforcement. these are community-based organizations that have these , having worked in schools? we have programs that work in schools.

areven have programs are we inside jails, and working in jails. sister said,to, as about working on one area. these areas are independent, they are getting their own funding. it's not cure violence is thing, we come train and set up with the model, but it's independent of every state and city. we work in chicago because chicago has their own funding for a certain area. in d.c., we will not tell them hold up we are working in chicago. every city has their own issue and they want to solve their problems as well. chicago is not the only violent city in the country. i was in camden, new jersey. rough,hiladelphia is these areas are no joke and they want their violence eradicated as well, so they see us and they say we want to try this method. we've tried everything else.

i want to stress that, we've tried everything else, let's give this a shot. let's stop looking at it from a criminal justice lens and look at it from the lens of health. we believe healthier cities are in reach. if you apply this model, we can make a neighborhood's healthier -- a neighborhood healthier, and safer. i'm not just saying this, you can go to our website and look at our evaluations. we just had one done in new york on the south bronx in the housing projects and in brooklyn , two rougher areas with tremendous outcomes. new york city just want a thousand days without a shooting , almost three -- just went a thousand days without a shooting . almost three years. that's phenomenal. they are out there working, hitting the streets, they have

applied it and put their pressure on city officials and they got tremendous funding to do this work. host: let's go to donald, in illinois. america,ood morning and greta. and i want to commend your guest for the work he is doing in the communities. we need more people like him to get out there and keep the workup. one of the main ways i think we solve crime, it is we get away from bills like nafta but destroy detroit, ohio, pennsylvania, by exporting good paying jobs. community when a factory that employs thousands of people shuts down, and leaves the community.

black communities, white communities, it leaves america. people working for seven dollars an hour, three to four jobs to make a living. then you have fathers in prison because their father is outselling drugs has there trying to make a living. we have to hold our politicians accountable for the gun violence. people are in despair. try: part of what to do is to find people jobs, and it's difficult to find jobs for people. guest: i was a program manager at one point before i became a trainer. one of the heart of things was finding resources. sometimes people don't want to invest in this population, we are trying to change the lives of the young man or young woman that might have a background with violence. it's not like the flood gates are open for opportunities for

individuals, we do our due diligence. i use new york quite a bit, because i think they've got it. they taken this to the next level. they wereof sight and at an osha program, they were teaching people how to get construction jobs. i remember when i was a program manager i worked with habitat with humanity, they were letting our participants get to the front of the list. you have to do due diligence, and you have to let these businesses know that we are trying to do something and we need your help. let's get them work. host: do you hear from people in your community, that part of the reason they have turned to this is because they cannot find a job? or they are desperate? happen.es, these things if you put a person in a community or neighborhood and there's nothing there just despair, all you're doing is seeing violence and you'll add to that. but i will say this and i talked

about yesterday in our training in d.c.. checked, most of the violence, these guys are not hired assassins. it is wasre violence, called cure stopping drugs, you would need to replace that because that's how people eat. there people trying to survive. but it's not like most of the violence is because they are getting paid for it. i don't like the excuse are i killing because no one gave me a job. i'm not saying -- it's not the majority. they are not getting a check after they kill someone because they stepped on their shoes, it's a tremendous behavior we are working on. i know people with jobs who are violent. you have to change the way people think, it doesn't matter, they could become -- they can be caught in a road rage situation and they have a job and still pull a gun out and do what they need to do. it's not the end-all savior, but jobs do play a part.

we know communities need to be strengthened. because despair, i'm not naive, he plays a role. host: paul, from connecticut. i grew up in chicago, i was there when mayor daley -- host: paul, you have turned on the tv and we are getting the feedback so it's hard to feed -- to hear you. caller: i took care of it. i grew up in chicago, i grew up on the south side, i went to the old high school. muslims time, the black took over the east side of the southside chicago. i was back there, a month or two ago. i look at that area over in

jefferies and south shore, and how safe it was. at the same time, i come over towards the areas to the west, woodlawn, some of the other areas. we went are disaster, all the way over to beverly, and thing seemed to slow down. it seems to me, the what has to happen is we have to have strong participation of the people who are really there, working with them. and i agree. there's nothing more disturbing than to not have a job in trying to make a living when you have no place to go. and next the problem to be

solved in my mind. host: mr. mcallister? guest: i agree, the community has to hold politicians accountable for helping with initiatives such as this, as well as opening up avenues for employment, and for the communities that are in despair. he mentioned south shore and the a site inrea, we have south shore that has been doing tremendous work. when we lost funding for a lot of our sites, south shore stayed afloat because they had extra funding from individuals that worked in the area. they were able to continue to go strong. they had tremendous success keeping common that area, as well as an area called grand crossing. a strong site working there. they are doing great work. we worked in these particular areas he is mentioned.

i agree, you need to talk to your alderman's, push or state reps, and say this works. can i say this, not only does it work, it's important we stop violence. we know we can. but also as a funder or politician, this can help stop violence and save lives but it's also organically transforming the lives of the staff. i hear the stories all the time. i'm here today as someone who's been transformed. i don't come off violent but i was. i've been around it. this changed my whole view, that's why i'm always indebted to this work. it's not just changing me a change all the staff, the 20 plus individuals in d.c. that used to be in the streets, doing all of this and now they are becoming tax paying citizens. they are helping to stop the violence. they have purpose.

in the past with her people say they can't do that for us, we have felons, what will they do? if you give people a shot they can change lives and be difference makers. i have seen it. when they say there's nothing more you can do -- no, i'm here , and because god is good because this organization gave me a shot. and i have been running with it ever since. host: we will go to tom, in florida. caller: thank you for having me. need not just we new gun laws, we need national gun laws. we need a national minimum. we need to have certain things in place like when you go out and buy a gun it's mandatory that you have to go recorded through the gun shop -- record

it through the gun shop so someone is not buying the gun. we have a national registry if we have a national minimum so they can see trends like they do national crime statistics on what is going on. more importantly, we need to get everyone on board with this. we don't need weapons of war. i have been shooting guns since i was 12 and i don't need a weapon of war. i'm not being assaulted by 30 or 40 people at my house. you don't need an m-16 to hunt deer. i'm going to leave it there so i can get james, from mississippi. caller: good morning. him, has he ever considered the situation with the economics part of this?

i lived in chicago, i have family there. i noticed that in the african-american community, there is no serious program for economic power. understanding that african-americans in this particular area have always been suppressed. andg back to the 1968's 70's when they are having these riots. people were protesting, and to be honest with you, being there at that time, black folks, had peoplericans that worked in the community. but they did not own those businesses. when the riots came, and the violence started, it seems like all the money and economic power

moved. if you look around today, you don't see economic power because they did not have the power. all the people who had the power were the white folks with the money. that's the way it seems to me until you bring economic power, just like you see downtown chicago, building and raising these buildings. when you watch the news, or watch foreign people come in, they show you the beautiful places. host: i heard your point, i'm going to have mark's answer is we are running short -- marcus answer because we are running short. guest: i hear what james is saying, we do need to have academic -- economic power in the community. that is an issue. it's definitely an issue and i

will not say it is not. i think it needs to be addressed. i agree and i think most of your callers have great points. i use the analogy that we are like firefighters. we are putting up a fire. someone else has to go after the electrician, the sum lord, we cannot be all over the place that we agree with these different things. slumlord, we cannot be all over the place. and we agree with these different things. has to cure the , cure the bade politicians movement. right now we are curing the violence. if i'm the firemen i have to put up a flyer fire, i'm not going to go in the middle of the fire and find the electrician. slumlordut who the was. if i'm a doctor i have to so if the patient, i don't have time to break down how he got in here and what led to it.

i think these are valid points that need to be addressed, the callers are on the money. it's just not our forte. host: for viewers and want to learn more about the group, cureviolence.org. marcus mcallister, thank you for the conversation. guest: thank you for having me. back, our we come next guest believes that adopting policing tactics from other communities can help cities like chicago, we will hear from rafael mangual of the manhattan institute, next. ♪ at 8 p.m. on c-span, senator joni ernst and senator gillibrand have a finance

committee on family. >> we've been exploring how families can receive a paly benefits or social security. in return for leaving these theirts, they would defer collection of social security benefits on retirement. we are working through the complexities but i'm hopeful we can craft a policy that will benefit most families and those who need it the most. >> the family act is really affordable, it's about the cup of a -- the cost of a cup of coffee a week. it's two dollars a week on average, that's not a great deal of money to know that if your mother is dying you can be by her side. or if you have an infant or special needs child you can be there when needed. >> on friday at 8 p.m., maggie haberman talks about covering the what -- the trump white house. >> the relationship between this ifte house and the press --

you see these press briefings, -- they have transitioned from what they have always been of a triply adversarial nature into something -- of a typically adversarial nature into something complete hostile. >> watch on c-span.org and listen on the free app. sunday night on afterwards, retired marine corps lieutenant is being interviewed by todd south. is not female marine paid attention to and she is trained to be developed and not held to a standard coming out of boot camp, how does that affect your career? becauseroblem is that the marine corps does not want to change what happens at that

foundational level, and because everything is so segregated, those stereotypes persist. and the stereotypes feed into the perception that women cannot because they are women. and then they are not respected. the lack of respect between men and women in the marine corps is legendary. recruits who happen to be slower are told that they are women, that they are the p-word, and should be sent to the fourth battalion. he becomes normal to say derogatory things about women. becomes normal to say derogatory things about women. that's the dilemma, that's the culture women are brought into. nightch afterwards sunday on booktv. >> c-span, where history unfold daily. a 1979, c-span was created as

public service by america's cable television companies. and today we continue to bring unfiltered coventry -- coverage of congress, white house, the supreme court, and public policy events in washington, d.c. and around the country. c-span is brought to you by your cable or satellite provider. washington journal continues. rafael mangual continues the conversation about gun violence. good morning. guest: thank you so much for having me. host: in your mind, what is the best way to understand this type of violence? particularly in cities? host:-- guest: i think the best way to understand it is an altar concentrated phenomenon, if you take chicago, the theme of the morning, a lot of people will tell you that the talk about the

violence is overblown. so far as the citywide murder rate is not necessarily as high as other smaller cities around the country. the reality is, when you drill down into the data, murders are altar concentrated into a small part of the city where the population is dispersed. the first step is you have to talk about the problems not as citywide or national phenomenons but as hyper localized phenomenons. host: so when you talk about it, in if you look at the hyper local level, what are some of the contributing factors you are seeing? guest: to me one of the most important contributing factors is the lack of accountability for the criminal class in the cities. chicago in particular, you have too many repeat offenders finding their way back out to the street shortly after an arrest. or a very small amount of time in prison.

in chicago the average prison arrest for shooting or homicide had 12 prior arrests. that's a jarring number. what it tells me is that the police are doing a relatively decent job of catching the right people will, but the criminal justice system more broadly has ,o reconsider their practices and thinking about how they can hold these people for longer peppers -- periods of time. host: so where does incarceration fit? guest: i think it's an important part that will help drive crime down and some of these areas. some critics will say the differences between longer and shorter prison sentences are not really significant, when you look at things like recidivism and likelihood to reoffend. the thing those analysis tend to ignore and something i have been focusing

my word on his the incapacitation benefit. irrespective of whether someone is more or less likely to offend if they get out of prison with 20% less time, the reality is that they are behind bars and they cannot hurt anyone. the superintendent in chicago has expressed this in his public talks about how often they will arrest someone and that person will find their way onto the street in a matter of days. host: even as you say that there has been an effort for something broadly known as criminal justice reform, even republican organizations like the koch brothers have tapped into it. and one of the things is changing the systems, and what you think of that effort especially in might of what you're seeing? guest: there is a way for us to be smart on crime. that is to target these incarceration policies.

likelyus people who are to reoffend. but we have to be careful about doing that. just lower the prison population wholesale for its own sake is the wrong way to go about it. i do think there's ever going to be a right number of people that should be behind bars, that number should be driven by crime levels. what we're seeing in cities like chicago and baltimore and st. louis is that some jurisdictions do need more, not less. host: rafael mangual is joining gunhe is here to talk about violence in urgent -- urban areas. if you want to ask him questions for those748-8000 living in urban areas, for chicago residents it's (202) 748-8001, for all others (202) 748-8002. if you want to tweet us you can do so and post on our facebook.

it's not surprising that those in the city of chicago have offered other reasons for this type of violence. let me read one of them, this is the chicago tribune. the fight against crime can be restricted to more better policing, chicago's crime problem is concentrated on a small number of poor, blighted, mostly african-american neighborhoods. those areas low their plight largely to a sordid history of systemic, deliberate, deliberate racial discrimination and violence. conditions that breed rampant crime came about not by accident, but by policy. what you think about that argument? anst: i think it reflects old notion that crime is not driven by personal behavior but by socioeconomic root causes. criminologists by and large have rejected that. there's a criminological theory , andd mismatch

criminologist have done a great job of articulating that there is a loose relationship between socioeconomic indicators and violent crimes. one of the callers on the last segment pointed out that if you shoot someone and do a drive-by, you don't automatically increase your wealth. driven byime is not economic interests, rather it is sparked by anger, sexual , itousy, perceived slights can be something as small as one of your shoes being stepped on as your guest is said earlier. there are poor and blighted areas in almost every major city , but there are very few places around the country in which you see the levels of violence that have been plaguing the south and west side of chicago. i'm not sure we can reduce it to just economic policy. also in chicago, if you look at the data, everything from

economic spending to unemployment rates for black americans is specifically, it's moving in a positive direction. and it has been for a significant. of time -- a significant period of time. to 30% more 15% than the national median. the crime went up, and murders hit 792 in 2016. that's a big jump despite positive movement in these other socioeconomic indicators. i'm not sure there is of a relationship to speak of. there differences between suburban and urban areas and are their economic arguments that mr. chatman was referring to? are, but there are also very blighted poor areas in other parts of the country that do not see that sort of violence. cities.ween there are parts of chicago's

south and west side that are not as dangerous as authors. -- as others. i think this is an oversimplification. i don't think that that means it doesn't play a role but it is not the driving factor is not the driving factor. people are undervaluing what and incarceration practices can do in the short term to stem the tide. host: mr. mangual joins us for the next half hour. you are on with rafael mangual of the manhattan institute. go ahead. one thing i have noticed in cities that traditionally run democrats is where the crime and poverty rates are the highest. votingone think about for someone else? isn't the definition of insanity

according to einstein doing the same thing over and over and expecting a different result? the people you are voting for our taking into account your needs. thank you. host: mr. mangual? chicago has traditionally been a very blue city. i don't think we can simplify this to a matter of partisan politics. new york is a democrat city for a long time now. we have been able to keep our crime at bay. los angeles, you see the same thing. crime did go down in chicago for a significant period of time. if you have the right policing and incarceration practices, you will see good results over time no matter who is in office. host: west virginia on the line for others, richard, go ahead. caller: pedro?

host: go ahead. caller: good morning. i would like to apologize to your guest for interrupting, but i have been trying to get in since the program started at 5:00 in wyoming about the myth that you can go to indiana and buy 20 guns and bring them into chicago. the federal law is that a dealer cannot sell a handgun to a nonresident of the state. has threect sheet ast facts if you'll give me second to read these three short sentences. the gun control act of 1968 requires federal firearms licensees to report multiple sales of handguns to the same purchaser. orber two, the sale disposition of two or more handguns must be reported if they occur at the same time or

within five consecutive business days of each other. uses theone, atf recovered atarms one time as evidence of trafficking. it is illegal for a resident of illinois to bring a handgun that he bought in indiana -- host: go ahead. guest: that has been a talking point of many of the commentators looking at crime in chicago. we hear a lot about the flow of guns from indiana into illinois. indiana has looser gun laws. case.t sure that is the there is nothing that significantly stands out to me when you compare indiana with illinois. you look at the data, it doesn't tell that story. crimety of chicago did a

gun study, the gun trace report of 2017, they found twice as many guns recovered at crime scenes originated in illinois. the reason the second number is that high is because of geography. close. is not most of the guns involved in crime are coming from indiana. double the amount are coming from illinois. i am not sure we can attribute this to lose gun laws in especially when you consider there is not an urban jurisdiction in indiana with a comparable gun violence problem. is a prettyiana small city, 76,000 people and 50 murders in a given year. that to smaller areas of the south and west sides of chicago, you can

conjoin the 11th and 15th police districts in chicago, the murder rate is 40 points higher in that part of chicago than in gary. i don't think we can oversimplify this to that kind of problem. (202) 748-8000 is the number to call if you live in urban areas. hello. caller: the main point to make, and it doesn't get made enough, is this situation is analogous to the 1920's era prohibition. -- whetherks that you want to call it economic or political -- there is a black market. there is a need to regulate your market. the only way to do that when you don't have law enforcement backing you up is to do it yourself. it happens in rural areas. common, ortle less

it might same like it because it is more spread out, less dense, etc. etc.. the number one issue is controlled via substances act creates a black market and there is a need to regulate that market. if the police are not helping you because you are not in a legal market, you are going to do it yourself. no one says anything like that. in densel capone's urban areas running their market. host: does he make some kind of point, mr. mangual? guest: certainly some of the violent crime we are seeing in chicago and other cities is driven by the drug trade, which is a violent business. in part because it is a black market. again, if you look at new york and l.a., the drug market is not unique to chicago.

new york and l.a. are much denser urban areas.you don't see the same level of violence . one of the important things to keep in mind is that it is probably an overstatement to say that a majority, a significant majority, of the violence in chicago is driven by the drug trade. if you talk to some of the police on the ground, as i have, they will tell you a lot of the disputes are out of social media beefs and perceived slights, sexual jealousy -- two guys arguing over a grow, that sort of thing. it is a culture of violence and not entirely driven by the drug trade. host: after a series of shootings in chicago, chicago's mayor went before cameras giving his perspective on the matter. he particularly directed his comments to those who live in those communities.

>> there are too many guns on the street. too many people with criminal records on the street. valuess a shortage of about what is right and what is wrong. what is acceptable, what is condoned, and what is condemned. we as a city, in every corner, have an accountability and responsibility. if you know who did this, be a neighbor. speak up. neighbors come together. the city will be with you, shoulder-to-shoulder. this is not about alone, how many police, where were they? the superintendent will take responsibility. it is not about summer jobs and investments. we will do that.

we have more to do, much more to do. there's something more at stake. all of us know this is not chicago. host: what about his idea of the community's role in all this? guest: community definitely has to play a role. police this active center cocco will tell you -- police detectives in chicago will tell you it is near impossible to get cooperation when they are investigating shootings and homicides. prevails, andng so does the culture of violence that has been percolating among these young kids who are just pulling triggers as if they were throwing a punch. that really does need to stop. the first two things that the

mayor pointed out are the two most important things. and there are too many criminals with guns on the street, and there are too many people with criminal records on the street. that is where the city can do the most damage, so to speak, to the violence problem. by concentrating there. there was a case in chicago a month ago where a gentleman was walking down the street. police observed him, thought he armed. with a approached him a fight broke out and he eventually went for what turned out to be an illegally concealed pistol, and was shot by police. that drove protests. the community can support legitimate police efforts to police criminals with guns on the streets. when they do do their job and lock these guys up, the city, the broader state justice system, needs to figure out how to better keep these guys

incapacitated for longer times so they are not walking the streets, waiting to claim their next victim. host: hello. with the mayor of chicago 100%. the key is you refuse to deal with, just like the brother before, is we are talking about the drug trafficking. -- peopleealing with shoot with guns. they are not enforcing themselves with baseball bats or no knives. but we refuse to deal with it is guns. that is what people are doing the violence with is guns. no one wants a deal with that because you want to talk about the national rifle association. they are shooting each other. the solution, you put them in atention any

talk about them coming out. when you have them in their that is when you start the training. you don't just put them in there and put them back out, they start doing the same thing, but they are using guns. host: thanks, caller. certainly thee preferred method of violence for a lot of gangs on the south side of chicago. that has been the case for decades around the country. before 2010 the supreme court case of mcdonald versus chicago, handguns were banned in the city. in the 1990's, the violent crime rates were even higher than now, if you can imagine. chicago is still below its peak. i don't think we can oversimplify this to one factor, economics.r all those things combined to

play a role, but i think underestimate the value that proactive policing tactics combined with smart incarceration practices seems to do. host: give me a city that exemplifies that. guest: new york and los angeles are the best

the gun is not violent, it is the person in control of it. a little back and forth, do you believe it zero guns were in society that we would have a zero murder rate? guest: probably not. that would never happen. guns have proliferated beyond the point of no return.

i'm not sure we would get there even if we tried. host: washington, d.c., chris is next. caller: i have been listening in on this conversation. it is almost like justification. you talk about decreasing the crime rate, new york city, that is completely false. if i am correct, there was a movement within new york city to .educe it has stopped. they were targeting mostly black men who had less arrests during that time. finding more white people than black people.

[inaudible] host: you are breaking up. we will let our guest respond. guest: new york city's stop and frisk practices have not come to a complete halt. well over 10,000 a year. the thing to keep in mind is while crime has not gone up over the period of time in which there has been a reduction in stops. that doesn't necessarily mean it is a binary thing. there are other things contributing to the sustainment of the crime drop new york city experienced from 1990 to 2000. incarceration. there are benefits from people having been extracted from their communities and put into incarceration after committing a crime. someone who was given 10 years for shooting five years ago is

still locked up. those benefits compound. inn you make a shift policing practices, you are not necessarily always going to see immediate feedback in the crime rate, especially in a place like new york city where the practices of policing were done so well and so long. it will take a while for that to unravel. , it was inangual july when attorney general jeff sessions gave support for stop and frisk. policesee more organizations across the an united states employing these methods if they see they are going to get cover from the attorney general and the justice department? guest: i'm not sure what cover the attorney general or justice department could provide a suede department who is the way that new york city's was

in 2014. what we are seeing is unfortunately clear, that police are being less proactive, not more proactive, despite the comments from attorney general sessions. police are reporting their being more timid. they are less likely to get out of their cars and interact with people unless they are call.ding to a that is a problem contributing to the violence we are seeing in some of these cities, including chicago, baltimore, st. louis, and around the country. caller: i would like to know, what is the mental state? what are they doing about the mental problems people have? the depression and other things that are going on in chicago? do they give out money to help them instead of sending them to jail? why don't they do something to help them mentally?

mental health policies is not my specialty, i would not claim to be an expert. i'm not aware of a significant connection between mental health policy and the violence places in chicago are experiencing now, but that is certainly an important topic. host: hello. caller: thank you for taking my call. i am an old new york city boy born and raised 21st street. it was a beautiful neighborhood. they built the low affordable income projects and all the blacks moved in. within five years it turned into a demilitarized zone. if you ask most people what is a bad neighborhood, they are all minorities. it is not a racist thing, it is a factual thing. all of the crime-ridden areas are minorities.

you never see the amish people going out on slaughtering sprees. one idea, one because of this at myen i was in cap sister comella smacked me on the face. seven years old i showed my mother the smack on my face and she smacked the other side and said stand up straight and be a man. most minority families, the black community i can speak to this, 70% don't have a father in the home. 60% to 70% are out of wedlock. host: got your point. lessness is a problem in the black community. there a disproportionate amount of crime committed by the young black men. i'm not sure there's a racial connection we can draw, but it is something people need to keep in mind when they consider the disparate outcome we see in law

enforcement. a lot of times people will point to arrest rates or use of force rates and see the racial disparities and come to the conclusion that reflects bias on the part of the criminal justice system. an oversimplification. when people really consider the data, it becomes clear as why so many law enforcement resources are being concentrated communities. the people reaping the benefits of law enforcement's focus are the people living in the minority communities. new york city saves countless black lives over the 1990's and were doinguse they the right thing when it came to policing communities and holding criminals accountable. it is something every community deserves. host: our guest is the director at the manhattan institute, rafael mangual, thank you for

your time. host: we will have open phones until the end of the program. (202) 748-8001 for republicans. for democrats, (202) 748-8000. .ndependents, (202) 748-8002 we will be right back. ♪ >> this sunday on oral history, we continue our series on women in congress with former democratic congresswoman you the clayton.- eva even the resistance to me, but finally their acceptance of me. animated, they -- and they did. known in that community

only because i was a ranking member. so the exceptions of me as their equal and many the acceptance of me has their superior allowed me to know i can negotiate with the best of them. hear from barbara cannoli, nancy johnson, and lynn woolsey. history sunday at 10:00 a.m. eastern on american history tv on c-span 3. this week, booktv is in prime time. tonight at 8:00 p.m. eastern, microsoft president brad smith the with the future computed: artificial intelligence and its role in society. p.m., talking:00 about publishing authors from the political right and left. watch booktv this week on prime time on c-span 2. "washington journal"

continues. host: open phones. if you want to post your thoughts on twitter @cspanwj or on facebook at facebook .com/c-span. the latest week from the president takes aim at the media saying in all caps the fake news is the opposition party. it is very bad for our country, but we are winning. again, in all caps. this may be a response of newspapers looking at the role of the media reporting in the trump administration. appear inose captions the new york times on their editorial page. they highlight the berkshire eagle saying trump's behavior has plays the american experiment of democracy in perilous times. weekly of boise idaho saying there is no ability,

selflessness, and greatness in boise and beyond, but the current climate of divisiveness by a brash but charismatic leader has eroded some trust in each other and quite possibly ourselves. -- duluth,minnesota minnesota, say stop lumping together those who practice propaganda and those who don't. takinghington times their own take this morning. ideas and extend the suggest the press spent part of the day reflecting on our standards and that of the president. americans are by nature suspicious of thoughts. pundits of the small screen required on camera when hillary

clinton went down in 2016. the speculation that trump c colluded with russia is on a loop. the rallying cry for a united editorial page is "courage in numbers." -- starting the open phones from south carolina, democrats line. i just wanted to -- i just woke up and i heard the last gentleman's comments as far as gun violence. anytime i hear anything with a hue of systemic racism i have to stand up and rebut some of these points. when he talks about any time you

have minorities grouped together in inner cities the violence increases, i mean, i am not going to debate that, but we have to bring up statistically is responsible for mass shootings in america, they usually have the face of terrorism -- a middle eastern man with a head wrap and big beard. but it is usually someone who is caucasian, maybe has mental health issues. or it can be a situation where he can purchase a firearm. i don't necessarily bring up race. it is other people who i feel make these racist comments about do. host: rob in trenton, new jersey, republican line. caller: can you hear me?

i wanted to thank you for the program. i enjoyed both guests. the gentlemanlens olence.orgi brought. we need to look at it in terms of why is there this anger? to do tot that we need work on the way we respond to situation that makes us go immediately to violence. talked aboutct he it is not always i don't have a job. there are many people whose way of dealing with things, whether they are, employed educated, or not is immediately going to instantly getting angry. i have even seen wealthy celebrities doing interviewed and having discussions.

a minor discussion issue turns into violence and anger. i love the fact they are looking at it from a mental or health lens as opposed to just it has to do with jobs, or gangs. thank you for that. host: this is sue, democrat's line. caller: i wanted to comment about your last speaker and the last call you took with that speaker. i take issue with the notion there is always a higher level of violence in the african-american community. the country as a whole doesn't want to do the hard work of looking at the facts, taking a historical perspective based on facts. deny there was

slavery or slavery was bad for black people, or bad things happened after slavery was abolished. all these things have an impact on the way we live today. host: let's hear from rudy in sun city, california, democrat's line. caller: i want to be captain obvious this morning about the muellerobe -- the probe. it is going to be a wet firecracker or a stick of dynamite. if it is the last i hope mueller takes one for the team and makes copies of everything he has it this congress doesn't do the correct thing. we know what would happen if he hands it over and it gets swept under the rug. that is my concern about it. we are all not, sad hillary clinton lost. everyone wants to focus on that, but that is more propaganda from

the president to his minions. mueller, do the right thing. "the washington times" highlighting the closing arguments in the trial of paul manafort. that is the photo you will see in "the washington times." "the new york times," a story about los angeles using full body scanners for riders of mass transit. saying on tuesday they announced they would fully commit to use them starting this year to revealingers without their anatomy or forcing them into lineup or stop walking. federal government has been studying the technology for 15 years and the tsa has been testing versions at the nations biggest hubs including penn station, union station, and transit station.

the devices resemble black laminate cases musicians lug around on tour. they are on wheels and cost $100,000 each and can be pointed riders as they come down an escalator or into a station. trevor, hello. toler: pedro, i just wanted point out going back to the last caller of the last segment, that in oklahoma we have a gun in every house just about, as far as the people i know. we also have a father in every house to teach when is the time to use this gun. -- threeppreciate times a week we have a racial topic on "washington journal" it seems. and we have to listen to how white people had slaves and all that. ills come from as soon as someone stated something that is true and might

be somewhat offensive, they get cut off. i don't think that is right. thank you. host: new york, independent line, nelson, hello. caller: my comment reflects great on the previous color. i've -- previous caller. i feel those who come in and called about the racial comments don't like to understand the causes of racial disparity and crime. of those who are in the black where there are higher density and higher crime don't understand they are caused by racist, systemic, in justice policies that have existed in this country for centuries. if you put people in ghettos there is no choice but to commit crime for some of them. it is not their fault they are in the situations. host: "the new york times"

carries a profile interview of a transgender woman winning the democratic nomination for the vermont.of some questions posed say what would you say to people who vote inside and outside the lgbt community that doubted a transgender woman could win a political victory like this? her response, i would have more beings. my fellow human i never lost faith and i continue to be reaffirmed in that goodness. don'tdemocratic voters penalize those for being gay or transgender? i will be confident because i served some of the parts of vermont. that is what i did as a ceo. i serve some of the reddest parts of vermont and people were ok with it.

keep my lights on, i'm ok with you. go ahead. caller: the next time you have that guy on, the so-called what violence is plaguing the black communities, you should have someone like eric dyson. our faultt is all what is going on. that is ridiculous. especially the man who said he grew up in new york, and the only reason why it was peaceful was because it was all whites. the minute the black people came bad.hey made it that is the most insane statement i have ever heard in my life, man. i am a black man. someone in the black community could die and it takes forever to find a person. if a white person gets killed in

a black community, they find that person in five minutes.. it ain't because someone is snitching on them, it is because the resources are greater opposed to how it is when a black person is killed. host: this morning in "the washington post," an opinion piece by the head of health and human services about the state of obamacare, and what the trump administration, to his thinking, is doing to help people hurt by obamacare. saying that skyrocketing subsidies have kept enrollment steady, though 50% low what was expected. americans who make too much to refuse subsidies have began to opt out of the insurance market en masse. this is unacceptable and one reason the trump administration expanded and affordable insurance option. providing new choices for the forgotten men and women.

americans can buy short term limited duration insurance product to a year of assuming their state allows it. free from most obamacare regulations allowing 80% less.st and also allow consumers to stay on affordable coverage for up to six months. more of his argument in the opinion pages of "the washington post." texas, independent line, this is derby. .- darby caller: how are you doing? the people on here before think they sugarcoat the problems they have then inner cities. everybody i have ever been concerned with knows the problem communities in the larger cities causing the problem. they seem to want to sugarcoat it.

that is my view. host: from jackson, mississippi. hello. on.o, you are caller: hello, pedro. thank you for taking my call. host: you are on, go ahead. caller: yes, sir. to know when will the president quit lying about everything? day it is a after different lie or contradicting itself. people should see this, realize. amebody said something, then couple days later they change the version of it. that's all i have to say, sir. host: we will go to warren in ohio, democrat's line.

caller: a little history. if you look back in the days when the gangs of new york were violently killing each other, you look back at the gangsters, al capone and then killing each other. youlook at back at the fact dump guns in a community they will be used just like the opioids. they put them in suburban areas where people had nice homes and cars, and look at the epidemic. when you dump something like that in the area, you will get what you get. ghetto, whente a you put the people in and can constru -- and can discriminate against them. at one time they didn't want the italians on the police force, the blacks on the police force, the chinese, the japanese. when you create that atmosphere and dump the product, you'll get what you get.

if you consider the fact even in the italian movies "the godfather" we are going to sell blacks.t only to the the gun dealers know they can put those in the hands of young people that aren't stable and create these situations. you can blame the gun, but if you don't blame the history of how you don't negative stuff in a community. when blacks were dying on the street with the opioid contact, no problem. now that it is in the suburbs, .you have to have first-class medical you have to look at how society dumps on people. host: several stories about relations between the united states and turkey. post," why angton center. pastors at the saying he is an evangelical pastor that has become a flashpoint in the worsening relationship between the two countries. he is charged with a betting

dissident in the 2016 -- in 2016 and has recently been moved from prison to house arrest. to hear them describe him,brunson is a dangerous livingnt spending time in turkey secretly aiding the state's enemies, including those who orchestrated a failed coup. according to the american evangelicalnd christian community, he is a man of god who is lived quietly with no political aspirations. he has been singled out in public statements by trump and pense, with vice president whileelevating brunson addressing christian groups. caller: i have a question. my father taught me when i was growing up, a gun don't shoot unless you pull the trigger.

that is what a whole lot of people in the country are forgetting. host: mark in indiana. hello. caller: good morning. everybody has to remember the responsibility of life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness is a heavy responsibility. people are going to be made free in our country the last 250 years, they have to act accordingly. there plenty of excuses being made up for this gun pilots. i live in northwest indiana. we don't have a gun problem here. i am looking out my window, no gun problem. news, and alle the murders happen there. it is the people, it has never been the guns. you have to have a character and

intelligence to pursue life, liberty, and pursuit of happiness. host: let's hear from bernadette in new mexico. you are on. caller: i have a response to the gun violence. whatw mexico, las cruces, i find is there are a lot of trigger-happy cops. they need to take some kind of mental help. they shoot first, ask questions later type of thing. they will attack handicap individuals. the other problem with that is we are a border town, close to mexico. there are things called sister cities. las cruces decided to become a sister city with chihuahua. there are specific ties between mexico and new mexico in las cruces. our mayor married a woman from mexico.

there are ties. there is an element that has entered from mexico that has ties to las cruces. thereby, there is a lot of nepotism, a lot of favoritism in this town. host: "the new york times" has a story, is trump a regular guy? aide says, sometimes he drives his rolls-royce. president trump has held a political reputation on caring for middle-class people. the question was put to corey trumpowski, does mr. comprehend the daily routine of most americans like pumping gas groceries? he said, i remember when he was driving his rolls-royce from new york city to bedminster. when you are in new york and on your television driving a

rolls-royce to new jersey get stopped, right? he said corey, i will let you go, i just got pulled over. story with no irony. another story recalled mr. trump paying for dinner on the campaign trail. the story goes on from there if you want to read it for yourself. lorenzo, in california, hi. go ahead. caller: i have been listening to the conversations and want to touch on some of the comments with respect to the inner city kids and minority communities. i am a product of one of those communities, and i can tell you we are our worst enemies. because of the economic situation people try to make ends make. time the mexican american opportunity foundation try to educate people on teen pregnancies and the use of drugs.

the opposition took place that they were terrorizing us as being the only community with that issue. they took offense and those programs were never implemented. the truth is, a lot of those happening. in the absence of the parents there should be educational programs for kids to know of the dangers out there. i've lost a brother to violence. i fortunately got out of there, but a lot of people don't. i wanted to draw attention that it is a multifaceted problem with a lot of different components. that was my comment. host: robert, north carolina. caller: good morning. i want to speak to guns and violence. it seems that the gentleman before you had on, he referenced the violence in black communities, but said nothing about the mob wars in new york. host: why do you think that is a factor?

because the drugs were dumped into the black neighborhoods to disrupt the people. was something the italian state to maintain control. host: larry in arizona. democrat's line. caller: i called in because i am offended by the emphasis on problem within themselves. causing all this trouble. i was in a white community, a rural white community, a republican rural white community and it was rife with corruption, drugs, and violence. outrageous. it was so bad i had to leave within a few months. when i tried to get something done about it, because the whole

county government was making meth and killing people, i did not get any kind of assistance. interested. no law enforcement wanted to do anything. they didn't want to go against other cops. it's crazy how money just takes over any community. host: ok, that is larry in phoenix, arizona. last call for this program. another program comes your way at 7:00 tomorrow morning. we are taking you live to a hearing that takes place protecting undocumented immigrant children from human trafficking abuse. testifying before the homeland security subcommittee in the senate, live coverage is brought to you by c-span.