productions for the 2018 midterm elections. that is followed by barack obama campaigning in florida where bill nelson is running for reelection and andrew gillum is running for governor. later, trump and pence travel to indianapolis in support of mike braun. on c-span 2, the impact of refugee migration. later, steve bannon and david from debate the rise of populism in toronto. c-span3, the u.s. chamber of commerce takes a look at defense and aerospace exports with white house trade advisor peter navarro. that is at 11:30 a.m. eastern. eastern coming up on today "washington journal," we look at how states have improved their

voting system since 2018 with john fortier. then, susan macmanus from the university of south florida talks about the political dynamics of florida ahead of next week's midterm elections. trump: at this very moment, large, unorganized caravans of migrants are marching toward our southern border. some people call it an invasion. it is like an invasion. ♪ host: good morning, everyone. with the midterm election days away, the new york times and washington post are calling the president's immigration rhetoric his closing argument to voters. is it working? if you agree with the president's immigration stance, dial-in 202-748-8000. if you oppose, 202-748-8001. immigrants only this morning, we

want to hear from you, 202-748-8002. that is your line. you can join us on twitter @cspanwj or go to facebook.com/cspan. we will get to your calls in just a minute. do you support or oppose the president's rhetoric and that third line for immigrants. a little bit more from president trump at the white house yesterday talking about what he wants to do with the central americans headed toward america in that caravan when it comes to those who want to seek asylum. [video clip] >> under this plan, illegal aliens will no longer get a pass -- free pass into our country by launching meritless claims up seeking asylum. migrants will have to present themselves lawfully at a port of entry. if are going to have to lawfully present themselves at a port of entry. those who choose to break our laws and enter illegally will no

longer be able to use meritless claims to gain automatic admission in our country. we will hold them, for a long time if necessary. in only long-term solution to the crisis and the only way to ensure the endurance of our as a sovereign country is for congress to overcome open borders obs truction. that is exactly what it is, open borders obstruction. no votes. you can come up with the greatest border plan, greatest immigration plan and you will not get one vote from a democrat. host: president trump yesterday at the white house before he left to do a rally in misery and he -- in missouri and he has been doing several rallies around the country and he will continue to do that this week, focusing on immigration over the past couple of weeks. the aclu says this about the

president's remarks. the president did not announce an immigration policy. instead, he repeatedly lied about the asylum system. this policy of separating families, trying again to inflame his base before the midterms. he also said this about the constitutional amendment, the 14th amendment which trump wants to do away with -- what do you think about the president's immigration stance? what he has been talking about over the past couple of weeks? it.ou support or oppose from baltimore, maryland, opposing it. good morning, you are on the air. caller: let's not even talk about that crap coming out of trump's mouth. this country was built on immigrants and there is no way around it. we are only a few hundred years old and the entire country is

immigrant. weree time, my parents immigrants. it is saddening because even the people supporting trump right now for reasons i cannot explain , just one lie after another. it's like reality tv and really, we have to remember how many industries right now are hurting because there aren't immigrants allowed? immigrants that had permission to come and leave every year. right now, i am for these people who clearly need help walking here at three or four miles an hour and have 1000 miles to go. they are a long ways to go and the folk that we -- the fact that we are being "scared" by president trump is a disgrace and undermining what americans have built upwe our society over the last 300 years. host: the president said we are

an open country and we want people to come to america, that companies are coming back looking for workers, but that he wants them -- they want them to apply legally and apply on merit. do you apply from a country that does not have technology? access toave technology and essentially political freedom to leave? -- theirthese people villages are being invaded, women and children are being taken for things i do not want to speak about on air. these people have no choice but to walk for help. it is not even like we are flying from jet to a jet like the president did in all of our political -- opponents campaigning right now. these people are walking to save

their lives. it seems like an opportunity to come and knock on our door and say i really need help and this is where i am coming from and that is all they are asking for. they are not asking to be met by 5000 troops. they are not bringing weapons. they are not bringing middle east earners, these are really poor people who need help. in newet's go to glenn york. you oppose as well, tell us why. caller: we have a president -- i don't know where he is coming from. you don't trade bullets for rocks. if he is so afraid of this, bombers upt the b1 and leave the doors open so everybody can see them. or will put some fear in them if they can see them. they are invisible anyway. shaking them up that way. you do not have to trade bullets for rocks. host: glenn referring to what

the president said yesterday when asked by mature -- by reporters, if the military would use their weapons. [video clip] >> i hope there will not be that, but anybody throwing stones, rocks like they did to mexico and the mexican police where they badly hurt police and soldiers of mexico, we will consider that a firearm because there is not much difference when you get hit in the face with a rock which, as you know, it was very violent a few days ago. very, very violent. mexico and youo look at what is happening in guatemala, just to mention guatemala along with el salvador and honduras. it is disgraceful those countries aren't able to stop this. the united states pays them a

fortune. we are looking at not doing that anymore because why should we be doing that when they do nothing for us? host: in gainesville, virginia, and immigrant. what do you think about the president's immigration stance and your vote in the midterm election? caller: good morning, c-span. thank you for taking my call. i am a legal immigrant and i am now a united states citizen. i am so proud about that. frankly, i am not a big supporter of president trump for three reasons. i do believe he does have racial tendencies. i do believe he tends to lie a lot. he tends to push the fax -- twist the facts. i don't believe his fiscal policies. -- trillion dollar tax cut to the richest americans like bill gates and jeff bezos and the

rest. however, about the speech trump gave yesterday. i think he is dead right on the things he did mention. people abuse this country's immigration system and people come as illegals and do not make the distinction between illegal immigration and legal immigration. as a legal, i went through the process, which is a lengthy process and illegal migration is a shortcut. it is draining our sources. every time we have a bunch of people at the border that the customs and border have to handle them, it costs money. --ple, with the right lawyer enter this country through a shortcut and that is not to be accepted and trump is right on

that. host: how long did it take you to become a citizen? -- ir: it took me about would say about 8 years. i came on h1b visa through the gate -- green card ross s. i am so proud of it. i am proud to be american and i am privileged to be in this country. host: thank you for the call. we will go to linda in new jersey. you support the president. hi, linda. linda, in new jersey. good morning to you. caller: good morning. i am calling to say thank you for taking my call. i want to say president trump is doing a great job. make america great. he is trying really hard and i think we should give him a chance. i just hope all these illegals

crossing and wanting to be citizens will go through the legal process. it is important. it is our system. america is great and let's give trump a chance. host: if these people go to official ports of entry and claim asylum, which is what they youdo under the law, do support of that or do you think they should be turned away at the border? caller: i think if they come through the border and go through asylum and wait their turn and have a lawyer representing them to become a citizen of the united states, it is a good thing. other than crossing the border and running in to america is not the right way. president trump is trying to make america great and he is doing very good for us. host: the headline in the washington post, democrats primed to win the house, but wildcards remain. one of those wildcards is

immigration. democrats maintain a strong position to retake the house, but concerns about illegal immigration stand out as wildcards in the final days before the election. according to a washington post poll of likely voters in battleground districts. overwhelming majorities of republicans and democrats are confident their party will prevail with both nearly as confident as democrats were ahead of president trump's surprise victory two years ago. at least two thirds of democrats and republicans alike say a losing outcome for their party would be very bad for the country. across 69 congressional districts identified by the koch political report and the post as competitive, the post poll finds supportikely voters republican. we will hear from charlie cook

with just -- charlie coke with just 4 days to go when he talks about the key house and senate races. look for our coverage on c-span. you can listen with the c-span radio app or go to c-span.org. back to this washington post poll, they note the president's increased focus on immigration -- find residents with residents with voters who will decide the house. 54% of voters in battleground districts say the u.s. should do more to try to stop illegal immigration across the border while 21% support taking less action and 25% say the united states is already taking appropriate steps. attitudes are sharply partisan with 84% of republicans and republican-leaning independents saying the country should do more compared with 23% of democrat leaning voters.

more than half of independents say more should be done to deter illegal immigration. the president's words on immigration, is it impacting your vote? do you support, oppose it? and a line for immigrants. let's go to constants in florida, you are on the air. caller: good morning. alien from denmark. i consider horrors that people in central america have to go debts on the other hand, a country without a border is not a country. the number of people trying to enter the united states is impossible for the legal system released and they are

into the country and every year, my family in denmark sends me a round-trip ticket to go home for christmas. every year, for years now, they have asked me, how could i possibly live in a country with such lawlessness as the united states? i am beginning to wonder if i don't want to move back to denmark. and about anchor babies, one year, on my mother's 80th birthday, her only wish was to egyptecological sites in for three weeks on our way back from copenhagen on the scandinavian airlines system. there was a young girl and she looked about 14, 15 and being brought into the waiting area at

the airport. she looked as if she was ready to give birth any moment. she was put on the flight, sat next to us because the stewardess asked would we sit next to her. she changed planes for new york, another sas flight and i asked the personnel, is this ordinary you have children pregnant, children going to the u.s. unescorted? manysaid, yes, we have every week coming through the unitedgoing to states to have their babies and then we see them on their way back as soon as they can travel babies.th their of course, i am against anchor

babies. host: constance in jupiter, florida. el, opposing the president. caller: thank you for taking my call. a question to me of what seems to be cognitive dissonance of people who claim to be pro-life and also against anchor babies. it seems inconsistent to obsess vilifyo-life and then these babies of immigrants as if it tore just some kick america rather than a living, breathing human being. i wonder if you can bring up any headlines related to that or something like that. thanks, again. host: tom in new york, supporting the president. go ahead. caller: good morning, thank you

very much for c-span. i am behind president trump 100%. when president barack obama was our president, my company was put out of business. i had 25 taxpaying american citizens working for me in all nationalities and in one night, my entire company was relieved of their jobs because i was told it illegal aliens charge less money. the next day, there were illegal aliens on the job i was working on for a year and a half using my equipment and putting my guys out of work. my guys could not afford to feed their kids or pay their taxes. half of them had to leave the state. some of them turned to drugs. it is amazing what is happening here. we are supposed to be a country of laws. if you come to this country illegally, you don't get to stay here. that is not the right way to do it.

we have laws and everyone has got to obey them. in new york. the washington times headline, trump defends illegal immigration ad and argues democrats are responsible for lax immigration policies. he told the washington times, i somebodyis an ad where is a bad guy and came into the country twice. ad the president shared on twitter. 55.5 million followers. [video clip]

host: that ad in the sacramento bee reported this. fact check on that ad put out. they note the president's claim -- that democrats let the cop killer stay in the country is false. released foras unknown reasons according to sacramento bee. you can read more of it there. lisa in idaho, you support. go ahead. caller: good morning.

i support that we need to do something about all these people trying to get in the country because we don't know who they are and we have all those kids and thenin detention he wants to put all these people across the border into tents. i don't know why we are spending so much money on that when we can turn them away and say, go back to where you came from. host: if someone is seeking asylum, you cannot turn them away. seeking asylumse and have proof of who they are, they can get in line for everyone else in line for that. when they let all these people in and we have to take care of them and they are waiting around to see a judge for years and then they go about their

business doing whatever it is they want to do here in the united states. i don't like that. host: on the numbers the president gave yesterday, the washington times says fiscal year 2018, which ended september 30th, was the worst record -- year on record for immigrant families. -- nearly 50,000 showed up at ports of entry without authorization and demanded to enter. 58,000 children traveling on their own with parents were snared. the new york times takes a look at what the president said yesterday in his comments in the white house and they do a factor .heck on what he had to say the president said we are not letting them into our country and then they never show up -- it's almost like a level of 93% -- 3%.

they never show up for the trial so by the time their trial comes, they are gone. false, the new york times says president trump was referring to the -- data from the justice department says the most immigrants show up to their court hearings. in 2017, 20 8% of immigrants failed to attend their court hearings, not the 97% mr. trump estimated. only 11% of asylum seekers did not show up for their proceedings. 99% attended immigration and customs enforcement check in's and appointments and 100% turned up for court hearings. you can read more in the new york times. david, san francisco, you oppose. caller: good morning. i oppose because i find trump's motivations are not political. his motivations are organized crime.

the end of world war i and the popular opinion of currency speculators at the time was they were the worst -- most -- theyple in the world would praise a nation for its currency by low or high, they would praise a nation and curse it. the currency speculators cashed in and drag that war on forever based on manipulation. if you look at trump right now, he is not only doing that, but making the gold brokers happy, sweatshops happy, a smugglers paradise. he is creating organized crime income strains of prostitution and kidnapping and the prisons are doing privately owned. companies canshop

be investing in the privatized prisons and betsy devos trying to privatize schools, they can datae slave armies with they have stolen. i am opposed to trump and based upon organized crime manipulation. in huntsville, alabama, supporting the president. good morning to you. caller: good morning. i don't know what is going on here. i don't understand what is happening. it is common sense, you don't let people into your country. we should have stopped this years ago. people are coming in and you do not know who they are and where they are from unless they tell you. stop immigration. donald trump is right. i agree with him on this 110%. host: is that motivating you to vote for republicans? caller: this is one area the republicans are right.

i can find another area, too. this one, i agree with them wholeheartedly. we have to stop this immigration program. host: how are you going to vote on tuesday? caller: i don't know. this is a thumbs-up for them. i have not decided yet how to vote, but they have a thumbs-up for immigration because immigration should have been stopped a long time ago. host: take a look at this picture in the washington times. central american migrants got free rides on truck beds as their thousands strong caravan moved forward. attends to obtain bus transport failed. president trump plans to have a strong military force in place to greet the migrants at the border. robert in massachusetts. good morning. how are you? caller: i am doing good, you? host: doing well. caller: i am opposing this because i grew up around all type of people.

people, white people. people need to get back loving each other and the naacp is a great organization. the national advancement of colored people. i grew up when they called me colored. i used to go down south it was a colored brother and a white brother. they called us colored people and they treated us pretty bad. now they call everybody a person of color. the way they treated us in the 60's when the people came over the border and over that bridge -- it is going to be like john lewis. it is going to be a terrible sight to see. the guy has no scruples, no morals. what about you evangelical people down south? mike pence is head of the evangelical party. another thing, there is always a black guy in the crowd.

this guy goes all across the country with a sign that says "blacks for trump." trump talks,nald every black person in that audience was paid because no black person is going to walk through a white crowd like that. host: how do you know that? caller: i watch c-span all the time. there is always this black guy who goes from state to state. he always has a sign that says "blacks for trump." he always has a beard on, look closely. host: if anyone is interested, we have -- you can go to our .ebsite, c-span.org you can watch our campaign coverage if you go to the website and the president will be campaigning again a couple times today and a number of times over the weekend as well leading right up to tuesday

.orning's election some have already voted in this country. more americans are taking advantage of absentee and early voting with 27.5 million ballots already cast nationwide in -- and 4 days of the campaign still to go. advanced vote counts have already surpassed those of the last midterm election. castle, delaware. supporting the president. good morning to you. caller: good morning. derangement system, these people are crazy. one of the reasons i think they are trying to do is eliminate of the legal and the concept of illegal immigration. people i don't think our -- i think -- i don't think people are against immigration as long as it is legal. these people bum rushing the border is not right.

in delaware, we have a problem -13 and a lot of the neighborhoods where they terrorize immigrants. there is constant crime with the association of illegals. i think trump is trying to put a handle on that and i like the concept that he is re-examining the 14th intent of amendment. that seems to have been changed by judges in the last 40 or 50 years. i am surprised black people have not stood up and say, that is a good idea because if you look at the writings of the people who proposed it and promoted it at the time in the 1860's, they said it was basically to give rights to slaves and not necessarily open to border -- the border to anybody who wants

to get to america and get a check. i think president trump is opening up a lot of areas that need examination and i agree with the fact that we have to emphasize the legal part of immigration and not necessarily bounding all immigration, legal and illegal, together. that is one of the long-term attempts by the left to break down the standards of our society. you might be interested in this piece in the wall street journal. we will have -- read more of it coming up. .t is from josh blackman he writes, birthright citizenship is a constitutional mandate. coming read more of that up as we continue our conversation with all of you on the president's immigration rhetoric and is it impacting your vote? on c-span, we are celebrating

the 25th anniversary of our c-span bus. take a look at when it all started in 1993. journal@c-span.org >> when we get onto 66, then

take the dulles toll. we need to keep our eyes open for the sign. i may slow down so you can get behind me and lead out of this area. >> are you familiar with sharpsburg at all? >> not sharpsburg. there are two choices. -- i have i ask >> is got it written down -- >> are you ready? >> i am ready. host: joining us this morning from walt whitman high school in bethesda is c-span's market manager and richard weinstein, the first comanager of the bus. we will begin with you. we won't talk about your hair,

but when did the idea for the bus come from? guest 1: good morning, greta, and thanks. the idea for the bus came from some of our c-span audience -- someone our audience might be familiar with, presidential historian doug brinkley. he was a professor at hofstra university and took his class on the road to study american literature and american history, to read about mark twain on the banks of the mississippi and he did this in an old converted new york city transit bus and wrote a book about it called the magic bus. brian lamb sat down with the professor and talked about that experience and after taping that interview, brian turned to c-spaner and said with doug's thating, we will steal idea and c-span will get out of washington, d.c. and hit the road and we will travel around and talk to people. host: what were you hoping to a conference by getting on the

road and talking to people? host: good question. in that first -- guest 1: good question. in that first tour, we had four goals. one was to work with all of our cable affiliates. those cable systems in all the neighborhoods and towns and communities targeted teachers and students and high schools and middle schools and we went to the schools and talked about c-span in the classroom as an educational resource and that was great for us to be able to support the cable system and for them to make a connection and these teachers and students could learn about politics and their government. the second area was programming. the bus was a way for us to follow in professor brinkley's footsteps and visit historical sites and presidential libraries and birth places. the u.s. constitution, civil war battlefields and almost every day in that first tour, we were

tapes and we would ship back to washington and share them with our audience. the third area was the bus itself. this was 1993 and there really was not anything like this. this combination classroom, presentation center, mobile television studio altogether and when brian had that idea, that was in may when he had the conversation and the bus hit the road, our first stop was walt whitman high school and we hit the road on november 1. we were not sure if this was going to work and a talented team of individuals, many of them still at c-span, put this all together. the last way -- thing was something brian said to us, let's put a face behind the network and it gave us the ability to go out in communities. .-span was 14 years old next year, we will be 40 years old and a lot of people did not know what c-span was about. it gave us the idea to talk to

people and give back to our colleagues in washington. host: what was the reaction on the road? what are some of the highlights from the early years? from mosthe reaction people was great curiosity. it was a lot of excitement when the bus rolled in to town. there were not many 45 foot motor coaches on the road that had the same kind of inside ours did. when we came up to the schools, we were met receptively by teachers and students, which was a great experience. some of the other highlights aside from the people we met, we did, in my mind, some pretty cool things. we went up in a blimp to take aerial footage of the bus. that was my first experience ever in a blimp and we took the bus around the talladega motor speedway. we tried to put the bus in a place we thought was great for marketing and pictures. we had a special visitors on the bus in the early years. there was one year where supreme

court justice clarence thomas visited the bus and it was interesting and he visited because he had a 45 foot motor coach of his own. he ended up, while he was on board, talking to our driver at the time all about the bus and the engine and how many gallons up to and we once pulled the front of the white house and we were doing the sunday "washington journal" and steve scully was talking to mike mccurry and tony blankley at the time and president clinton -- this was 1995, president clinton was returning from church, st. john's across from lafayette park and the cars pull up to drop off president clinton and he got out and instead of heading into the white house, he took a left-hand turn and joined us in the middle of the "washington journal." it was a real compilation in terms of those highlights. there were special experiences and the first thing -- one thing

i must say as a personal note, i met my wife and the mother of my three boys on the c-span school bus. it will always hold a special place in my heart. host: the bus has evolved over these years. how has it changed since its launch? guest 2: good morning, greta. when richard and i sat down yesterday discussing the bus program, to put it in perspective, in 1993, c-span only had two networks. we did not have a radio station. we did not have booktv on c-span 2 or age tv on c-span 3. the "washington journal" as we know it today was not around and c-span.org and the radio app were not around. as c-span has grown, so has the bus program. our core is still middle and high schools. it is fitting that we are at walt whitman because this was the first school in 1993.

we expanded our outreach to universities, inviting students along the bus. c-span representatives go into the classroom when we take the bus to cap us we take this to major book festivals and talk to booklovers about c-span2's booktv. we talked to them about american history tv. this bus will be in the early primary caucus states, the national conventions and debates to talk to audiences about what we do at c-span. as richard said, the core has remained the same. this bus has been on the road in the last 25 years community connecting and engaging with audiences about what we do and how the community can use our resources in the classroom and how it helps them stay abreast of what is happening in washington, d.c. the second is programming. the last one he years, we have -- weoing substantial

took the bus and had elected officials at the state level talk about issues facing their state. the third, which is extremely important is our relationship and partnership with the cable industry. when this bus launched, we reached out to the cable operators to find out what schools mattered in their communities and work with them to get the bus the right venues. if it was not for them, we would not have the bus program or do what we do today. this has been a conflict in the last 25 years, a --stion we get all the time i have been with the bus program for 15 years, do we sleep on the bus? we do not sleep on the bus. c-span puts us up in nice hotels. that is a question we get a lot of. host: what is next for the bus? guest 1: today we will

celebrate. this is our 25th anniversary and to give you some of the highlights, the bus program has done almost 8000 events. we have hosted 1.5 million visitors, including 840,000 students and roughly 38,000 teachers. we traveled 1.2 million miles during that time. it has been quite busy. we are fresh off of a 14th month -- 14 month, 50 capitals tour. we had our vehicle open to students and educators and elected officials and the cynically engaged and talked to them about programming and resources in addition to having the programming i mentioned. after the election, this vehicle will head south to the miami book fair. we will be recognizing c-span classroom members along the way, so we will take the bus to their schools and say thank you for theirthe resource in

classroom. next year, we are trying to figure out what to do. come midyear, we will rewrap this vehicle in a campaign 2020 wrap. host: if people want to figure out where the bus will be, how can they do that? guest 2: you can follow us @c spanbus on twitter and instagram itesgo to c-span.org/commun to find our travel schedule. host: thank you both. appreciate it. guest 1: thanks, greta. host: happy anniversary to the c-span bus. back to our conversation with all of you about the president's immigration rhetoric over the past couple of weeks and how it is impacting your vote. we divided the lines. if you support what the president is saying, 202-748-8000. if you oppose, 202-748-8001. and a line for immigrants.

we want to get your perspective, 202-748-8002. let's go to brenda who opposes read thank you for your patience. go ahead. caller: good morning. i do oppose his position. he is really hyping the rhetoric. he pledged when he became president, he pledged to uphold the constitution. the constitution does provide for asylum-seekers and there is a process in place. want to demand their constitutional rights, but gun owners don't want to give asylum-seekers what is provided for them in the constitution. i believe if america did not have such an appetite for drugs, these people probably would not be coming to our country because our drug addiction has caused a lot of the violence in the central american countries. as far as donald trump talking

about ending chain migration, melania trump's parents came over on chain migration and melania trump herself did not become a citizen until the year baron was born and she was in the country for 20 years. she was not an american citizen when her aunt donald trump got married in 2005 and she did not become a citizen until 2006, the year baron was born. if trump is going to hype about immigration and chain migration, somight not want to talk loud because it sounds like he has that in his own background. host: david in north carolina. you support the president. caller: yeah, i cannot see why the american people cannot get a grip on what is illegal and what is legal.

the legal ones come in and do their process and they are good people. i support them. the illegals are bringing the drugs in -- the lady just said all of these drugs are coming in. where do you think they are coming from? they are coming from the illegals and they keep pumping it in an pumping it in. this country was based on immigrants. we are all immigrants. it does not make sense why the people cannot grip on the word illegal. just -- it it and it am lost. it done when he was in. he agreed with what trump is doing. did he and force it? no. host: you mean detaining and deporting illegal immigrants? caller: he did not want the

illegals in. they mix it all together like a jigsaw puzzle. all those pieces go together, but the bad element is what has caused the heroin problems and when you go into the city and see people playing around and now we are feeding them backdrugs to knock them off. they know it is a problem and the only thing he is doing is trying to stop this heroin -- everything. the people in mexico offered these people help. they said, stop here and we will help you. we will work with you and they denied it. they are not seeking help for it if they come from honduras and all these places down below. .hey need to stop right now said its out -- he yesterday, a rock is equal to a rifle. host: and you agree with that?

caller: what was that, ma'am? host: you agree with that? caller: yes. why would you want to hurt somebody if you want to come here and live? if you come beating on my door with a rock and a stick, i will come after you. host: ok. let's hear from another david in younkers, an immigrant. your turn. theer: in the short run, total number of foreign-born naturalized americans in this country is fast approaching 100 million and so they should not any longer remain subdued in their own communities and complain and bicker. get out and vote in nasa droves. that is the only way you will be heard. in the long run, vision and solutions for our national dilemma devised in the 18th and 19th century may not necessarily

respond to appropriate century.s in the 21st this country needs a year or two long constitutional convention to refine and optimize our little cool processes. thank you, gretchen. has: the washington post taken a full page from their newspaper on the death of their journalist and columnist come all -- jamal khashoggi. he entered the consulate of saudi arabia and its gamble -- in istanbul and was murdered. they have the crown prince and say below "demand the truth. jamal khashoggi's fiancee wrote a piece and said it is now to the community -- international community to bring the perpetrators to justice.

the united states should be leading the way. the country was founded on the ideals of liberty and justice for all. the first amendment personifying -- personified by jamal. some have approached this through the cynical prism of self interest, statements framed by fear and cowardice, the fear or economic deals ties. some in washington are hoping this matter will be forgotten with delay tactics. we will push the trump administration to find justice for jamal. i am not naive, i know .overnments act not on feelings however, they must ask themselves if the democracies of the world do not take genuine steps to bring to justice the perpetrators of this brazen, callous act, one that calls -- cause universal outrage among citizens, what moral authority are they left with? you can read more in washington post this morning.

he will also hear from jamal khashoggi's today in washington before the council on islamic -- they are hosting a memorial service and we will have coverage at 10:00 a.m. eastern time on c-span, c-span.org, or listen with the free c-span radio app. back to our conversation with all of you. william in houston, texas. you don't support what the president is saying on immigration. tell us why. caller: it's all propaganda to install fear. those things for sure is this. i am a united states marine retiree and seeing my brothers and sisters in the military being used for this is saddening . the people that come to the border are not going to run across the border rushing the grounds. it is not going to happen. i am going to ask anyone that agrees with this. does anybody remember when we

used to work at the service stations as americans and chain migration -- the majority of illegal immigrants come here across the northern border. they come here on visa programs and invite people over here. all of the jobs being taken that used to pay for americans are being held by the ones that come program from india. the number of people here illegal -- you can cross the border with a car full of people that don't look like the ones coming from mexico. at that year and the of the day, it is this. how many people agree with trump can pick cabbages and farming. who is going to do it? ais is all propaganda by

draft dodger. at the end of the day -- will never ever stand up to the truth. becomings issue is part of the house and senate races across the country. there was a debate last night in the west virginia senate race between joe manchin and patrick morrissey. take a listen to how they answered a question about the president's immigration rhetoric. [video clip] i think this president has been doing the right thing to call out the politically incorrect things that have been going on for a long period of time. with respect to immigration, one of the things the president will come and talk about are the clear differences between my campaign, which is focused on closing the open borders, ending in misty and building that long -- amnesty and building that wall, versus senator manchin.

in his world, we would have open borders and amnesty and sanctuary cities. those are critical things we have to talk about and that is why the president knows this race is so clear -- critical. >> do you support the language used by the president at times says isnsion -- manchin inflammatory? >> this person is absolutely right we need to close our borders and is diametrically opposed to hillary clinton and senator manchin unfortunately is a dishonest washington liberal because all you see on the issues that matter -- >> that was a question, so let's get the rebuttal. >> basically come with a 30 second rebuttal, i have voted every time to support the border as far as securing the border. i voted every time and will continue to vote every time. i think the president has used every means to him and i have

said we need to tone down the rhetoric. all of us are responsible. start acting like you belong to the american tribe. we worked things out when i was a governor. we came together with our differences and never blamed anybody. we addressed problems and worked together for the betterment of west virginia. now we are saying it is ok to divide. instead of the united states it is almost the divided states. host: that is joe manchin at republican patrick morrissey. you can go to our website, c-span.org, watch the entire debate along with the many, many other debates we have covered. c-span.org, check it out. we are asking all of you this morning about the president's immigration language and is it impacting your vote read on twitter, brad says undecided. could certainly be managed better, example being locked up kids on the most southern line

dems that get social security checks and medicare, if you encourage illegals to come into the country, expect to lose half or more of your money. bill says by sending the military to the porter, it is -- to the border, it is trump provoking a confrontation. michael says talking is over, time to vote. common sense versus scare tactics, good luck. george, a party defined by its allies. good people cannot be good republicans. checks and balances used in almost every practice today, but overlooked for a vote. viewers as for everyone opposed, say how willing you are willing -- how many you are willing to take into your homes because hard-working americans are putting their family first. pat in tennessee, what do you say? caller: i say my ancestors came countries, butus

they came with skills. they came with skills. they did not speak the language, but they assimilated and learned the language and demanded their children learn the language and they came with skills to support themselves. host: who is coming to this country without skills? caller: i don't know. babies.mas walking with i don't know how those ladies think they are -- they will maintain a lifestyle to totally support those kids. they are going to have to have health care when they get here. who is going to pay for that? them? i don't think so. host: stephen in indiana. you are on the air. everybody does not understand that there is one way to take care of illegal theseation and that is

employers that hire all these people -- if they put them like they should, because they are hiring them because they are getting them for a lot less money and these people are coming over here trying to better themselves, but the employers are the ones that are stealing all the rights of the people here and they are all billionaires and millionaires and they don't care about you people and when are you going people, and when are you going to wake up? you need to vote blue, no matter who. host: james in cincinnati, you oppose. caller: good morning. lovely as ever, but i would like to see some blue occasionally. just a little joke. facts.

only 12% actually get to get -- through this process of it is very low number. of the groups that come, in the past, about 80% are found along the way, only 20% end up at the border. the comments in north carolina made about drugs is so off. that's not how drugs are getting here. these people aren't drug dealers, they are desperate women and children, mostly trying to get away from horrible situations they are in. the comment about president obama not doing anything, he had people who hade felonies and got them out of the country. story -- w a local

had to check in each time, like she was supposed to. once president trump took over, they deported her. that's not the right person to be deporting. needs tomebody that stay here with her family. that's my comment this morning. we will end the conversation on a campaign note. the wall street journal has this headline about oprah winfrey, visiting stacey abrams who faces brian can. she was in that state campaigning and doorknocking for stacey abrams. polls, i go to the cast the vote for my lee, whoher, heidi may

died before the voting rights act. i vote for her. and i do what maya angelou said. i come as one, but i stand as .0,000 troll those who paved the way that we might have the right to vote. and for anybody here who has an ancestor who did not -- dishonoring your family. you are disrespecting and disregarding their legacy, th

eir suffering and dreams when you don't vote. your right toacy, citizenship in this, the greatest country in the world. is likeright to vote the crown that we all get to wear. say, your crown has been paid for, so put it on your head. host: oprah winfrey yesterday in georgia. you can find our coverage on c-span.org, in the race between brian kemp and stacey abrams. president obama is also on the campaign trail, 2:30 p.m. in miami, florida. we will have coverage of that. he is also going to georgia today. and then the president is heading to georgia on sunday. a lot of big names heading for

that state, one to watch this campaign season. we'll take a break, then when we come back, the bipartisan policy on hows john fortier states have improved their voting systems since 2016, then a look at our battleground states continues with a look at florida. joining us will be susan macmanus. we'll be right back. words,ay night on after charlotte pence talks about their book, where you go, life lessons from my father. she is interviewed by journalist and author, kate brower. did you ever think that, growing up, why couldn't we have yes,e normal life? guest: i write in the book, toward one of the earlier chapters, i wouldn't have minded going up in that wee with one yard

changed a lot. that is what my parents tried to do. mom planted three dogwood trees in the backyard when we were born. we put our handprints in the cement. spot --that would be thought that would be where we lived. but obviously we had different plans in our life. i'm grateful for the many opportunities and the privilege it has been to be in a public family and serve in public life. and i think that my parents have shown me how to take it all in stride. even at times when it is kind of to just be really grateful for all those challenges and how they make us closer as a family. mondayh after words, evening -- sunday evening on c-span 2.

which party will control the house and senate? what c-span's live election coverage as results come in from , and governor races across the country. victory and concession speeches. then your reaction to the election, taking phone calls live during washington journal area c-span, your primary source for campaign 2018. washington journal continues. --- , you wrotefortier this op-ed. vote, otherwise the hackers win. what was your message? a lot of people were concerned about security and the elections, whether things would go as they should. first, go out there and vote. there's no reason not to.

it's not safer to stay at home. and we have growing security at greater than 20 16, in ways that voters should feel pretty secure about, that their votes will be counted as cast. there have been changes since 2016, in the last 20 years that have also improved our system. i think we are doing well and voters should be confident. host: what happened in 2016 and what makes you feel confident there weret: certainly problems and people have the right to be worried. some of it deals with social media and opinion. that is an important area, but it is not related to how your vote will count at the polls. whether foreign influence can affect your opinion, that's something we should look into, but it doesn't affect the vote. no votes were changed, no voting machines were affected.

you can feel pretty secure that your vote, as it was cast on the machine, was whatever it was. there was some concern about the voter registration systems, the databases that have the lists of all of us. were, again,hem like your systems at home, there are people trying to probe your and law like at banks firms. only in a couple places did they get in, and even then, they didn't change anything. they may have seen some names and copied some things, but while those are things we need to work on, i think voters, when they hear all of this, should believe it is secure. you have recommendations for people to restore their voter confidence. check your voter registration status. don't walk away if you have a problem at a voting place. and review your ballot. guest: we are getting closer to

the election, but you can still check your voter registration status. if you have a problem at the polling place, you can often get a provisional ballot if there is an issue with your registration, if you are legitimately registered. if there is just a problem, those can be resolved a few days after the election. withately, you, the voter, the help of an election official, can do a fair amount. what you convey with your vote to change the system. host: what has the government done since 2016? guest: i think there has been a lot done since 2000, with the problems we also. looking under the hood, there have been incremental changes. one, there's been pretty good cooperation between the department of homeland security and the state and local officials. it wasn't like that at the

beginning. there was a lot of distrust, they weren't crazy about washington parachuting in with the answers. time, that system has developed and there's a lot of information they are giving about threats, updates, some technical capacity that other officials might not have. there's been a little bit of money put to the problem. $380 billion sounds like a lot. it's not going to fix the whole system, but it is ultimately money going to states for various security purposes, whether it is hiring people in sector, doing updates on machines, it is a start. i think it is helpful for voters to understand we are beginning to address some of these issues. host: what do you think could be some boehner abilities tuesday? -- some vulnerabilities tuesday? where should we be concerned? guest: i would not be as

concerned about the vote casting machinery. that is much harder to get at. it is not online, as some people think. not easily accessible from afar. we've openedthing those up. we've allowed most states, 40 states or so, people can register online area but that comes with some security issues. , some states are doing a pretty good job, we could do more. more money for better systems and better machines, and doing some protection of these voter registration systems, and finally, doing some audits after the fact. looking at the votes afterward and making sure it all adds up. want to hear from our viewers this morning who have already voted. what was your experience like? your line is (202) 748-8000.

if you are voting on election day, what are your concerns? (202) 748-8001. .e welcome you to call now last month, hackers from def con delivered a report to capitol hill showing election machines in more than half of u.s. states can be compromised. they told congress that a voting tabulator used in 23 states is vulnerable to remote hacking. another was able to be hacked in -- to cast ballots. what is your reaction? i think there are some issues we should work on, and our voting technology has aged. we bought a lot of these after i am in favorso of the upgrading of machines over time, including, new machines will likely have paper

backups which many people will call for, that are security and better functionality to i think that is something we should do in the future, but it is different, looking at these older abilities in the lab versus in reality. while there may be some vulnerabilities and we should look at those, the idea that someone can get these machines remotely, easily, is difficult. they are not connected broadly to the internet in the way that some people might think. testsbroadly, there are that people go through before and after to ensure the integrity of these machines are it will take time and money and it will not happen overnight, but i think the machines are secure enough that voters should feel confident. in lase will go to jim vegas, who voted early. conclusion isly that there are delusions about collusion.

the rest is political theater anyway, obstruction distraction. host: all right. jim, are you going to tell us how you voted? caller: democrat. everything barack obama says is not a lie, but the republicans are all lying. and you had better check on your cisco routers, buddy. host: are there any vulnerabilities with voting early, any concerns with that system? guest: this has been a long-term trend in voting since before election day. i've written that it has increased a lot, and it continues to. people last year voted either in person, early, or by a mailed ballot. we are seeing anecdotal reports

that it is up at this time. midterm elections are usually a little lower than presidential. the lines do work on at the polling places. it is usually good to have the voters have the convenience to vote early, but lines also tend to be longer, because people tend to be willing to wait in those lines. i don't think there are additional security concerns for people voting early in a polling this area the machinery is often similar to the machinery at the election they polling sites, but there is definitely a move in that direction. times amidew york the call to get out and vote, more americans are taking advantage of absentee and early voting with at least week 7.5 million ballots already cast nationwide and four days of the campaign still to go. it is allowed in 17 states and washington, d.c., advanced vote

counts have already surpassed those of the last midterm election. james is in florida. i've been watching the debates in florida and across the country, and i've noticed that in not every case, but most, they all say the party -- the other party is crooked. i don't know whether to believe them or not, but that seems to be the issue, that there is sophisticated corruption in oneida, actually accused party of being completely corrupt. they accused in the governor's race, that the fbi is looking for them. i'm waiting for the last day to watch these debates to see who is lying, who they catch lying and who they don't. farmerss talking to the at a rally the other day. the death tax he said will help farmers across the country. that is out and out lie. it only helps billionaires.

i'm looking for things like that, where you can see where these people are lying. court, what they do in the minute you lie, your testimony is no good anymore. james, these allegations of corruption, are you concerned it could impact your vote or others? caller: yes, it could. i grew up in new york city and everyone was on the take and it was unbelievable. i went into business, had the police and mafia shaking me down, everybody taking my money, the city, the state. i worked hard and everybody had their hand in my pockets. host: i'll leave it there. how do the states protect against corruption? what sort of safeguards are in place? like anything in our system, it varies from state to

state. we have a decentralized system. there are some things that are common. to when we wanted the private ballot, in the late 19th century. before that, it was much more public and your vote could be bought or seen, so we now have the privacylike booth. and you have both parties watching. people are wondering, are the parties to involved? they are there to watch and make sure the system is not being taken over by someone. that continues even to the place of counting ballots. if you've ever seen ballots in a recount, you often can't get into a room unless you have someone from both parties watching. system, but perfect there are a lot of protections to make sure your vote isn't seen by just one party. host: lisa in houston, texas. you voted early, what was that like? have two weeks of

early voting and i just voted last tuesday, in the second week . i didn't have to stand in a particularly long line, but i had the luxury of going at 2:00, which is not as much of a line. my sister has been trying to vote for the last three days because she doesn't have, she has to go closer to after work, and she has given up on three occasions already because she couldn't find parking, lines are too long, and she had to go do sheher thing that she -- still has children at an age where you have to go pick them up. -- she said she is going to go today, our last day for early voting. i guess it's going to be an hour-long, the line. i don't know. yourwas, the part i think guest is talking about, we have e, a veryslat

old-school tablet that doesn't , they use,uchscreen like, rotary dials. it is just kind of very, it is clumsy, but i don't have much concern about those particular machines. i have also worked in the election, in the 2016 primary, i was a worker and we use actual upks, giant books, to look people's names. now, fortunately, that has become electronic. i don't feel worried about that as much, per se. but when you have to wait so long to get in line for these , some peoplenes aren't going to vote. guest: a couple of things. in lines.y interested

one thing is that we haven't known much about lines in the past. we've only known about them anecdotally, but now we are starting to measure them in a scientific way. don't wait in lines, they are on average 10 minutes long or so, but there are people hour, one hour, or longer. early voting tends to have a longer average wait time, because typically at the end, as the color's relative is finding, is that is when the crush happens. the two week time might be a low, but people are still showing up. there's also election day voting , and sometimes voting by mail, depending on your state or situation. conveniences to relieve voting and it is not inherently going to be longer

at thebut it tends to be end when everybody wants to go at the same time. host: are any states considering another way to vote early, so that a working mom who has to go pick up her kids, or any mom, they are deterred by no parking, long lines, etc.. what are states thinking about doing? of people are0% voting before election day, so some states are really ramping up their voting by mail. some states like washington, pollingthere are no places at all, 100% voting by mail. even in the early voting context, i'm not one who thinks days or 30 days of early voting, but the types of locations are important. if you have no parking or it is a small one, it is not necessarily better. that are there, the

capacity that is there. voters mentioned that the way you check in, whether by a big roll of paper or these pulling books -- these electronic pulling books, whether they are the efficient, that is debate we are having. i think there are a variety of methods, but it moves you as a voter to go at times that are not as busy. dayll note, on election itself, the morning is very busy. we used to think the evening was busy, but the real crushes in the morning. if you have the opportunity to go later or earlier in the day. caller: good morning, i am a no party affiliation person. i've been registered since the 70's, and i believe we need to have bipartisan government to be fair to both sides. both democrats and republicans are accusing each other of

corruption, lying. you need to wait as long as possible to try to determine the truth. read take your time and the entire ballot before you go to the polls, on the day of the election, so you can hopefully make an informed decision. third, by having people mail in their ballots, it increases the , -- fority of fraud without them being really informed about what the truth is, because they are mailing in. you don't really know how that , so i thinkbtained it is a safer program if you in andlive person come register, rather than having it come through the mail where you can't really determine the validity of the person, or you validity ofine the

the person's decision. if both sides are corrupt and lying, that's a pretty poor statement on our government and the quality of candidates. we need to have as much scrutiny as we can. host: we will leave it there. guest: a couple of reasons. i think your advice to read the ballot in advance is good. sample ballots can usually be found on the internet. the causes of taking a long time to vote is that a know the show up and big races, but you have constitutional amendments or bond questions, so take some time to go through that. the voter also expressed some worries about voting by mail. i personally prefer to vote they in person, i like protection of the voting place, but there is a variety. some people prefer one to the other. the voter expresses concerns that some people have -- i getct the ballots will

through and will be counted, and there are some myths that we don't count the absentee ballots, but that's not true. if you have the option to vote early in person, interstate. greta co. -- host: if you mail in your check, beenou determine if it has submitted? host -- whether it is in the postal service, whether it is ultimately counted, but you should have a way. if not that, then by contacting your local election official. host: jimmy is in florida. greta, andss you, thank you to your speaker. vote by mail. it is very simple, easy. i don't need to wait until the , and all the talking heads to sway my vote.

the liar in chief, trump, check out those taxes. lock him up, lock him up. -- and a vote for the republicans is a vote against medicare and social security. on theoming up washington journal, we are going to take a look at the battleground state of florida. we hope you continue to watch. john in massachusetts, voting on election day. i say both parties are corrupt. this has been going on since the conception of this country by our founded fathers. is thatlem we have there is an attack on people with melanin in their skin, a continuation of communism, fascism, and zionism by the descendents of european iism.

hello? host: what is the point that you are making? bankersthe wall street and federal reserve who have been funding all of these wars since the days of operation paperclip. host: we are just going to move on. south carolina, what is the name of your town? caller: moncks corner. i was just wondering why we can't do paper ballots so we don't have to worry about states ?eing hacked we would have to hire some more people to do it, but we at least know we are voting for who we are supposed to? host: all right, why not just paper ballots? guest: there has been a move but the market for

buying new machines has moved in that direction. i think we need an upgrade to our machines because they are old. we need machines that work. that,tes start to do there are some paper options. that is sometimes combined with the ability to use some ,echnology to create that paper sometimes there are issues with the scanner, but i would not say that people shouldn't feel secure about the systems that don't have paper today. i think they are pretty secure area that i think that over time , over the next few years, we will have a system that is much host: from twitter, please address what is going on in texas. if our systems are so secure, is this a hoax? -- basic truth about bad design, texas voting machines are switching votes and state officials are trotting out a familiar excuse, users are to

blame. think we hear stories every election cycle about people putting votes in and getting flipped. broadly speaking, there is evidence of user issues. it is important that you check over your ballot, whether it is electronic or paper, and there are requirements that the system give you some error checking mechanisms. often at the end of your ballot, you will get a review screen, keeping you from voting twice for an office or to alert you if you leave something blank, so there are opportunities for you to check out. we havei don't believe a problem with technology , broadly, but voters should be careful and if they think something is happening, there is often the opportunity to cast another ballot or cast a ballot in a different way. our ca hasington,

already votedller -- caller: i was motivated to vote early. i voted straight ticket the first time i usually do that. i usually vote 85% republican, but i was motivated by some of the issues going on right now. -- what was your experience like? how did it work where you were russian mark caller: i used to be -- i used to be an election official. the line was very long, i waited up to one hour, very surprised. in silversadie spring. as we close, what will you tell voters who haven't voted yet, who will do so tuesday, before

they go? are still options to vote early. it going closer to election day, but check out those opportunities. read your ballot for hand -- read your ballot beforehand. it is great to vote at any time of day, but we have evidence that in the mornings, there is a bigger rush. if you are able to avoid sat, to show up earlier or later in the day, you are less likely to face . line and if you have issues at the ballot, talk to your election sure you'remake comfortable that you cast your vote as you wanted to. want information on what happened in 20 and how it has improved, john fortier director for --

next, our look at battleground states continues this week. we will be talking about florida , coming up, joining us, university of south florida -- susan mcmanus. today marks the 25th anniversary of the c-span bus. g&a green -- jenee green tells us what is on board for visitors. >> welcome aboard. as you can imagine, the bus has changed inside over the last 25 years. we've tried to make it more interactive for visitors. we have 11 tablets with and a quizideos, section that lets you challenge your knowledge on the executive, legislative, and judicial branch. then we will walk back here. one of the first things you will notice is our -- our station.

viewers love holding the c-span microphone, having a different background, whether the white house, supreme court, congress, while still being right there in their community. us is our behind mobile classroom, but we often use it for live programming. we do live interviews from anywhere around the country, here in the bus. you'll notice different cameras. and we can change the background map of whatever location they are at. when we aren't doing live interviews, we have students aboard and we make this a mobile , helping them learn how to use the app and its resources inside and outside of the classroom. overideo library has 246,000 hours of documented content. it is great for research, and we also highlight some of our initiatives, like student camps

and things we are doing in the community. our video documentary competition for students and video capital tour that we wrapped up, ends right back here in washington, d.c.. favorite partyour of the bus visits around the country? interacting with students and visitors around the country and seeing their voices that thing their faces when they enter the bus. people who know about c-span, but also students who may have never heard of it, seeing how they can connect and use it in their everyday life, that's my favorite part and i love that we are doing that as a community. jenee green,ou, c-span's marketing executive. now we turn our attention to the battleground states where it today, we are talking about

florida and the competitive house races there. joining us is adam smith, political editor for the tampa bay times. by laying out the state of florida. and what does6, it look like overall, now? always looks the neck -- neck and neck. our elections are usually one where somebody just barely squeezes by, and it looks like that. won: president trump florida by one point in 2016. this time, which races should our viewers be paying attention outcome ofmine the who controls the u.s. house of representatives? i think the big ones

would be south florida, in the miami-dade area. there are some districts that are heavily cuban-american that have been trending democratic. probably the single most likely to flip from republican the is the district where the republican icon is retiring, a district where hillary clinton won very comfortably. the clinton administration is the front runner, but not the overwhelming front runner. host: who are the voters here? guest: largely cuban-american voters and younger voters. in cuban-american population miami and elsewhere had for many years been overwhelmingly republican, and as it's gotten younger and younger, and the , it ishave died off

largely split, although the older voters tend to vote more regularly in the midterm. keep in mind, even when these were heavily republican districts, they were still moderate. i think two of the three people who voted against the contract with america when newt gingrich was speaker or the cuban-american representatives from miami-dade. these are two female candidates running for that seat. is that important? is that having an impact? are female voters getting out? do you see if they could make the difference in this house race? wash. it might be a they are both female candidates, the other one is a well-known salazar.t, maria she has been more competitive in that race than other people thought. run a cautiousas

campaign and made a few mistakes, but that is still a heavily democratic district. if the democrats can't take that off, it is hard to see how they will take any others. host: you said this already, the cuban-american vote. is it changing enough that it make a difference for the republican incumbent in the florida 26 race? guest: that is definitely the other one to keep a close watch on. i think at the beginning of this cycle, a lot of the handicappers would have said that he was gone, because trump is not very popular in miami-dade at all. and that's another district that won.ry one -- that hillary campaigner,ellent well-liked, and it looks like a

virtual tie. he might pull it off. the democrat is another woman, ll, a nonprofit consultant. host: what are the problems in that race? guest: same as in the national, health care consistently ranks as the number one issue. pull after poll, so we will hear a lot about pre-existing conditions, and especially in miami-dade, trump looms large. the democrats have been doing -- to connect himl to trump. in the 15th congressional district in florida, the president won by 10% in 2016. is he still popular there? in central is one

florida, one that people haven't really been watching. it has become, i guess, neck and neck in the polls. i will tell you, a lot of us in florida have a hard time seeing that district flipping democrat. something andsay lord knows we could be surprised, but it seems like a ,ery republican district culturally, it seems like trump country. that's not very scientific, but i know a lot of people who would be really shocked if the democrats take it. and if they do, that would seem to signal a true wave across the country. host: president trump has been in florida several times. he will be in pensacola on saturday at 7:30 p.m. eastern time. we will have coverage of that. president obama is there, today, campaigning. we will have coverage of his

rally. are these big names having an impact? i think they do. florida has historically been about -- they call it the famous , but thisridor election has been about the base. donald trump has been sent to , hard-corelorida republican areas, and obama is being sent to drive up the base in miami-dade. them areneither of taking anything for granted and both need all the help they can get. that is a coin toss, the marquis governor's race. host: you also have the senate gubernatorial race. what impact of those have down ballot? guest: they are both helping to drive up turnout. people have already voted, and there is some sign

that this could be the biggest -- turn outs 1994 since 1994, if not bigger. beingk with donald trump in the news and having people of all political stripes pay more attention to politics, you will see turnout really, really strong. host: thank you. we continue our conversation with a look at florida with susan mcmanus, political analyst at the university of south florida, joining us from tampa. with how the florida voters breakdown by party. explain the breakdown and what impact that could have. guest: to put it mildly, we are

pretty much a tight state. we have the closest cap between democrats and republicans in state history. 35%registered democrats, registered republicans, 37% no very affiliation -- divided state. host: who could make the difference in some of these key senate and house races, and also the gubernatorial race? guest: we are closely watching the group that has no party affiliation. a sizable portion has the three youngest generations, generation x, the millennials, and z.eration they have the clout to affect a lot of these races. will be theiron

turnout. millions have been spent in this state to register young voters and hire people on the ground to try to get them to the polls. so we shall see. the most competitive state in the country, the purple list of purple states. host: take a look at the registration of young voters. generation ask makes up -- millennials, 24% and the cash-- hashtag generation, 4%. what issues do these young people care about? guest: it varies a lot, but mostly they are looking for new faces in high places, tired of politics as usual, which is why younger twot of the generations turning their back on the political party. they liked candidates, someone who is inspiring, someone who talks to their issues, which obviously include, in particular

for the millennials, jobs, college debt, college loans, health care. but a big issue with this younger demographic has really , inged politics in florida that there is really strong interest in the environment. in florida is that the environment issue has escalated to the point where when it is usually among the top three or four issues that people mention when asked about the top issues facing florida. they are also very supportive of diversity, gender and racial and ethnic diversity. because a proportion of these younger registrants are racially diverse themselves. host: if you plan to vote, who did you that if you have already voted, who did you vote for and why? , where do these

younger voters live and where could they make a difference in guest: they live all over the state, but there's obviously a large concentration .long the i-4 corridor two of the state's largest universities, university of south florida, tampa, and orlando, have very large student have -- andhey there have been some aggressive registration drives. but also in south florida, south florida has a younger population, particularly the minority population. a lot of aggressive registration drives going on there. certainly, they can affect these competitive congressional districts, but also the governor's race and the senate, if they turn out, as we are thinking they might.

we are at least expecting their turn out to be a bit higher. but they need to have a pretty high turnout to tip the direction of the election. most true that they are drawn, interest wise, to our extremely interesting governor's much more so than the u.s. senate race. after all, the two candidates for governor, one is 40 years old and the other is 39. so it is fascinating, you cannot ignore or refuse this younger democratic, particularly in these swing areas and competitive areas. particularly in that race, what are some of the issues playing out, and how do these younger people view those issues? guest: big issues for the young are, as always, the economy, the environment, health care, and i think more recently, they are

very interested in immigration, even though that has just been an issue that has come up fairly recently. but the top three are clearly, economy, health care, and the environment. after-- struggles to rise racial stumble. here's a quote by his challenger , spotted his opening and pounced at a recent debate. i'm not calling mr. desantis a racist, i'm just saying the racists believe he is a racist. do you believe this issue is resonating? guest: i think so, but i think they are still interested in the candidate and the candidate does it or soda. one thing that andrew gillum did was to really target younger and minority voters, and to personally go to them. 1968 was the year i graduated from college, and 50 years later

, activism was the key on college campuses, and we've almost come full circle where we see activism and aggressive outreach to these young college students, again, for a while, we didn't. is clearly appealing to the more conservative, economically focused voter, people with military backgrounds in their family. gillam is appealing much more to the younger people, democratic leaning and progressive in their policy stances, really interested in racial diversity. host: in the florida senate race, how is the environmental that, the algae blooms florida has been dealing with, how is that impacting the race between the governor and the incumbent, bill nelson?

-- between rick scott and bill nelson? scott -- guest: rick scott pointed his youer at washington, saying aren't bringing the money home to fix the problems you said you were going to. in turn, will nelson points the finger back at the state and says the governor hasn't been attentive to the environment like you should, because you put some people on water management who are not attentive or particularly in tune with the environmental issues for climate change issues. we are changing to where scientists are weighing in and having a bit more influence. you will find a lot of people saying that the red tide and algae bloom are the responsibility of a single person, but what we've seen is that the red tide, which is dead fish, and the visuals of this issue are compelling. the green slime for the algae

bloom at the dead fish on the coast, they've caused typical republican voters to take a second look. it is affecting the economies of the areas. small businesses that rely on tourism, especially at this time of year, to boost the economy, and florida also has a very large commercial fishing industry. it is exactly why donald trump , for thescott appeared first time in a while, together in fort myers this week, to shore up support among some of the republicans in that area, an area most affected by algae blooms, to come back home and vote republican, because scott did lose some republicans votes because of the environmental issues, so it is a big issue. you cannot look at a television set for more than five seconds without seeing ads on -- as advertisements

about these candidates, and the environment is a big part. host: barbara in miami, how do you plan to vote? caller: i already voted, and the primary reason was to cast my vote for governor rick scott. is that hei did that has promoted the state in all kinds of ways. we have a great economy. he was right out there when the hurricanes occurred in the state. he wasn't campaigning, he was out trying to get things going and help people in the upper part of the state. one thing i thought was interesting, and may be your guest can comment, is that the ads that appear in favorite -- in favor of rick scott show an empty suit, literally a suit jacket. they say, bill nelson, what has he done? an empty suit who has been in politics for 40 years. i have to say, i think that's true. i can't think of one bill that

senator nelson has authored. host: are you a lifelong republican? no, like most college kids, i started out as a democrat, then i switched parties about 10 years ago. host: all right. susan mcmanus. guest: it is true that one of the most powerful early ads against nelson was one that stress how long he's been in office, and it is still running, 45 years. not the year that longevity in office is something to put up the top of your resume as a candidate. nelson has had to play catch-up. to enterrt of weighted the contest, following the more traditional pattern in florida, which has been, don't bother starting the campaign for a laboride race until after

day, because it is hot in august and people are vacationing. so nelson himself is caught a lot of flack from democrats and republicans for waiting a bit late. scott'sue that rick recent ads, which just started strongthis week, a very ad touting how well he responded to hurricane michael, and polls do show that voters do give him hetty good marks for how handled hurricane. for the last two, he's been much more aggressive before hurricanes and not just after, but then again, some people say that is expected and not a real reason to vote for one person over another. but this race has been even tighter than the governor's race from day one. we are seeing that the ads are the assets of each, and the other is trying to draw out the liabilities.

the nelson ads against scott go back to the days of when his firm had some legal issues, and he escaped with a lot of money. traditionalgain, issues at play in the u.s. senate race. int: let's hear from ted washington, new jersey. caller: bill nelson has been there over 40 years, that is clearly a message in its ago go. but that is my personal opinion. the question i have about the the democratce, fellow, he doesn't seem to be much of a uniter. in a time of such divisiveness. the economy is important, i know florida got hit at the end of the bush era by mr. obama. coming across strong

on the economy and uniting people, which is needed? guest: the gillam economic illum economice g platform is two parts. he strongly is in favor of raising the minimum income -- closing the income gap between the wealthy and poor in the and is also arguing that people are still being left behind, even in spite of the booming economy, and often points to the fact that many of these new jobs are sort of minimum wage type jobs. , on the other hand, has heavily campaigned on a strong economy in florida. his angle is that an election of andrew gillum would cause damage to the economy, because a lot of the things that he is proposing

are so expensive that taxes would have to be raised. so, again, republicans relying more on tax arguments as important to the sustenance of the florida economy, and andrew gillum arguing that it could be better. night, wheretion will you be? what parts of the state will you be watching and how will you know if it is a good night for democrats or for republicans? guest: i live in the i-4 abcidor, i will be on the tampa affiliate. i am their analyst on election night, even though i take calls from a lot of different outlets through the state. i'm certainly watching the i-4 corridor and really watching areas and precincts that have a lot of younger voters, because i think they are critical. traditionally, those of us who keep alorida politics

really sharp eye on turnout and voting patterns in some of the suburban areas, particularly areas where it has a modest income, but family oriented makeup. pascoe county in my area, just thoseof tampa, is one of bellwether county is that we carefully watch. and why are we focused on the suburban mother in particular russian mark because historically in florida, we've seen she can make a difference in switching from one party to another, and often, the angle that drives the suburban mom is how policies will affect her children. early voting, is there any indication that the suburban mom is leaning toward one party or the other? guest: right now, it looks like it is following a traditional sort of party line, but i think it is too soon to tell, in a way.

moms i can tell you in the congressional 15 race between carlson and santos, it's getting a lot of attention in tampa. in that race, you can see the democrat is really aiming at the suburban mom. she's got a lot of support from women groups. they are counting on the fact that if there can be a flip, it's going to be because of the support -- suburban mothers. it's evident in the content of her ads. host: let's look at one of those out. ads. carlson supports the tax

raising agenda. carlson supports raising taxes on middle-class families. bigtin carlson supports a government spending steamed it could lead to doubling the national debt. nancy pelosi and kristin carlson would make you pay more. the response to that added is her experience. >> sometimes you have to stand up. i stood up to criminals who hired seniors, women, and children. out-of-state companies that sold contaminated orange juice to schools. i will work with both parties to lower taxes for the middle class. i approved this message because we need to stand up for florida.

the impact of those ads western mark -- ads? guest: they are trying to grab the attention of the suburban mother. had a quarterve of a billion dollars of tv ads in florida. that that ad a way against her is typical of many in these swing districts. well be the trump and pelosi are on the ballot. they are in so many ads. the carlson and is more personal, it's a better at for her than the one that was run by the other groups. that's the one they are continuing to play right now. florida, good

morning to you. have a number of comments. i'm hearing these wonderful things about governor scott and i wanted to mention that under rick scott, public education is a disaster in florida. health care is a disaster. beaches, all over our rick scott. democrats have not done a good job informing voters. democrats need help with their media coverage. they need better strategists. they have not done a good job of informing lord of voters about his record. they need to remind them. public education, democrats and

orublicans underestimate missa valuate what really is of concern to voters. i voted democrat. straight down the line. i also wanted to say that i voted yesterday. to know anything about the amendments. we are a poorly informed electorate. the news media has a lot to do with that. host: let's leave it there. issues,talk about the what are some issues on the talent? -- ballot? guest: we have 12 constitutional amendments. this is one of the longest balance in quite some time. stations andv blogs have tried to inform people about the amendments.

they are hard to understand. related androm tax budget related items to things like prohibiting dog racing or asking people to vote for one that outlaws offshore oil drilling and has rules about ing.ng -- vap they were bundled together because florida has three ways of putting things on the ballot. one is the legislature, by citizen petition. the automatic restoration of voting rights was put on there by a citizen petition. florida has a third way of getting something on the ballot, the constitutional revision commission. they can put whatever they want on there. the most confusing ones are coming from the revision commission, which bundled two or three things together.

if you have to decide whether to vote yes or no on the amendment, you have to wade your way through them. some have four different parts. comment, the excellent it is hard to cover all the multitude of hot races, big issues, and to do it in a way that is thoroughly informative. you can't do it with a typical newscast. newspaper,o it in a a lot of people don't subscribe and readership has fallen off. state, 13 million voters. i think so many voters feel aboutortable and an easy those 12 amendments at the end of the ballot. there have been millions of dollars spent on those.

a big gambling issue, billions of dollars were spent for and against where voters are just scratching their heads and don't really know what they think about it. it's the multitude and magnitude of issues and candidates and races this year. it's hard to follow everything. host: shirley is a resident in florida. caller: good morning to you, professor. long-term service to academia in the state. since the great recession, the impact has been uneven. have a state, i am in tallahassee, the capital city where the governor's race will bring one of the candidates to reside it. we in florida have shown signs

of improvement since the -- 2012. recessione a major and we had a housing bubble that burst. the households in florida are struggling financially. that includes when goes up.iving the service economy is where we are going to see people who will decide it. the basic need that it takes to survive here in florida, for food and health care and transportation. context, those are the people. , these major influencers are not social people.

this is the president of the florida chamber, the president of the united way. different agencies, social service agencies, they speak of -- need that many iranians floridians are in poverty. host: susan mcmanus? guest: affordable housing is a big problem. that's why they are trying to deal with the problem. the service sector dominate nature of our economy is changing. we are becoming a more economically diverse state. you still have people who live in large metropolitan areas where the cost of living is higher. they struggle to meet the basics. this has been the centerpiece of the gubernatorial campaign. it's one of the arguments that

andrew gillam has made a lot. many more affluent communities are worried about affordable housing picture -- housing. made that when he tried to become the nominee. it caught a lot of attention. it hasn't really dominated to the degree democrats wish it had. mary is in louisiana. good morning. question or comment? comment on theto governor's race in georgia. and in florida. something thatay most white people are afraid to say.

i know it for a fact. it's right across the river from me. let abrams in georgia, they are going to destroy that state. i know for a fact. in florida, if they elect mr. gillam, they are going to destroy florida. they are going to take that away. host: how do you know for a fact? caller: listen at me. i live across the river from shreveport. elected a black mayor. he got two terms. womanhey elected a black mayor. she is ending her first term. turned into a war

zone. you can't walk down the street. rob, i live right across the river. the difference is in daylight and dark. women walk down the street pushing a beast. the: she is making association that all black officials would do the same thing. what kind of arguments are being made that have that racial overtone to them in this florida race? obviously, when you have racial diversity among the candidates, you can't help but talk about race. the two candidates when asked about automatic restoration of felon voting rights, they take a slightly different approach to it.

you see it there. mayor has been attacked for some fbi investigation. his supporters say that's racist. desantis has made some comments about -- that are the equivalent monkeywhistles, the comment he made. it's a thread running through a lot of the discussion. the last debate was one of the preeminent parts. allare characterized as about race on the one hand and corruption on the other. this is where we are at right now. floridians are a very diverse group of people.

over one third of registered voters are not white. that number grows every day. floridians feel uncomfortable about race being the centerpiece. iny realize that florida is immigrant magnet state. we attract people from all over the world. diversity is one of the important things that keeps the economy afloat. it's a very difficult issue. politicians don't want to talk about it. host: what about the minority vote? what impact could minority voters have on the election? guest: obviously very much so. 1%the past when we had the margin of victory for governors races, there has been a lag in black turnout that has been the problem for democrats. the is not going to be

problem this time. hispanicstrue that are a larger share of the florida electorate. hispanict 15.5% are and 13 point something percent are african-american. obviously, hispanics are less cohesive and their voting patterns. so much of the hispanic politics is related to country of origin or country of identity with their families. you will see variations. however mexican american would vote in florida versus an older cuban. can be theminorities difference. florida, when you have a 1% election, every group can say if you don't appeal to us, you lose.

they would be right. host: the miami herald, puerto ricans won't swing in the florida election. guest: the figure that was initially touted, the 300,000 figure that got a lot of coverage early on after the storm was very much inflated. people acknowledge it wasn't a very scientific way of grabbing that number. 80,000.er is closer to we know that a number of these are worriedicans about putting their lives back together. takes a lot that it of education of new puerto ricans to understand the two-party system. these are terms that don't mean

a lot to them. secondly, this was the result of having to young puerto rican students in my class last semester, a difficulty that newly arrived puerto ricans have is they don't quite understand the federal system of government. they have not heard of county commission and school board and cabinet races. we have three statewide cap races -- cabinet races. both parties have aggressively been courting these newly arrived puerto ricans for the simple reason that the party share of the electorate is shrinking and the no party affiliation is on the upswing. parties agree that 2018 may not be the year that this new mass of puerto rican voters will make their biggest impact.

they think it will be more likely the 2020 presidential race. that's why both parties are aggressively reaching out to them. host: mary is in fort walton beach, florida. you are on the air. in --l go into jim who is on to jim in st. petersburg. caller: i want to talk about one of the big issues, environmental and florida. one of the things that people are confused about is red tide. red tide is a natural phenomenon. it's the blooms starting when we get dust from africa that has iron in it. that is what triggers the algae bloom in the water. that are very few things politician can do.

i don't know of anything to stop it. they had a big exposé on the news here in tampa a couple of weeks ago. misinformed if they are voting on that as an environmental issue. in a way, you are right. the science has taken over of that. it is less the case that people are directly blaming politicians. what has been true is the fact that the algae bloom and the red tide has reached both coasts of florida. it has lasted a lot longer. it moves out and comes back in. it is one that the visuals are so powerful. it if you live in one of the areas where there is a lot of dead fish on the beaches and you

open your car door and roll down the window, you can smell it. context.rsonal if you live in one of those areas, you don't like it. how can we fix it? i think what voters right now are really asking of the candidates is tell me how you propose to fix it, not figure point at which level of government or candidate individually hasn't done enough to deal with the problem. solutions are what all floridians want to hear with this big environmental problem affecting our economy. that is entering into the equation who they will vote for. host: brian is in massachusetts. caller: i would like to ask a question. your amendment and now

you have the anti-gracing -- greyhound racing amendment. i wonder if the mayor of tallahassee has made a stand on how he is going to vote on it. how do you think that will affect the people who work in the greyhound tracks down there? thoseof people work in greyhound tracks. opinion one your amendment 13. thank you for listening to my question. guest: dog racing is one of those amendments, the title of the ballot and the summary of it doesn't address the bigger issues. there is a lot of money on both sides of this issue. going back to the pregnant pig amendment that was passed by floridians, there wasn't a page

in any of the ads. it was a puppy. people love dogs. it is true that there are people in some of the agriculture related industries that are worried that the way it's written has the potential down the way of affecting their livelihood. it really is a strong animal-rights clause in the amendment. ,nless you read the full text which most people don't, it can be a bit misleading. the candidates haven't talked much about this. most of the discussion has been on amendment 4, the restoration of felon voting rights. byndment 13 is being watched hunters because they are fearful animal-rights will mean they won't be able to hunt.

some of the big agricultural industries in florida worry about their reliance on farm animals and so forth. that might ultimately be under attack. host: harold is in palmdale, california. caller: i would like to say something about the red tide and the dying coral reefs. i think it's because they are dumping sewage in the ocean that has ammonia in it. it takes the oxygen out of the water. host: we are listening. caller: it takes the oxygen out of the water and is killing the fish and coral reefs. they put it in our drinking water. what is it doing to our bodies? these things need to be addressed. i think ammonia is a serious issue. mcmanus, could there be a split voter in the state?

race do you see that? guest: there is a lot of potential for that because of this large group of voters with no party affiliation. they listen more to the candidate than voting a straight party line. the two races most focused on that, you might have a different outcome, they are the ones of the top of the ballot, the senate race and the governor's race. other contests that make up the cabinet. we elect our attorney general, are agriculture commissioner, and the chief financial officer. hopeful that the base votes the party line. it's up to these 28% who are not

registered to either party. sean is in lakeland, florida. caller: i am an independent in florida. i have always lived in florida. i have always seen red tide. it got worse when scott was governor. tide,ey can affect red they can do things like cut regulations on the big producers of fertilizer or the sugar companies. with the deregulation, they just do what they want to do. tideyou have a boom of red that is larger than it normally would be. my other issue as an independent is florida is a closed riemer he state. i don't get to choose. i just get to decide after everybody puts you they think is up there.

i think that's messed up along with these amendments. what if i wanted, what if i was offshore oilnst drilling, but i want to debate in public? why would you put those together? let's talk about his concern that he can't vote in primaries. what you are most likely to see for the 2020 out is a citizen initiative that asks for the right to change open primaries. poll after poll shows strong support for that. both sides are looking at. they need these people, they need to be engaged. i would not be surprised if voters don't have a chance on whether they want an open primary on the 2020 ballot.

in terms of the environmental amendments,and the they are the ones he is talking about, the bundled ones that ask you to vote on something that has two or three parts. you might like one of them, but not the others. drive toht be another change the constitution. issues he has raised, the lack of independence to vote in primaries and this bundling put there by the revision commission, those of gotten enough attention that if with theere to start initiative drive, we could see proposals to change our constitution on both fronts and

-- fronts. host: the polls open at 7:00 a.m. offeredlorida counties early voting. you can vote by mail, they are due by 7:00 p.m. election day. daye is no same registration. any indication that there are first-time voters? could they have an impact? guest: absolutely. it's that a very aggressive drive by both parties to register new people. democrats have heavily gone after the new youngest generation. the 18 to 21-year-olds. they are wanting people to register.

millions of dollars were spent on that. republicans have gone after young voters. a lot of them have had very strong registration drives in suburban areas. -- changingetting their registration. this is a big responsibility they have to be aware that people who come here from another state and become a permanent register -- resident may have experienced a different way of doing things where they came from. when peopleceable called supervisor of elections and ask why they could not vote in a primary. they came here from a state that had opened primaries. host: we are in vero beach, florida. caller: the one thing i wanted speak, i amt as i

more conservative leaning. people, myy of white dissent is actually great, the majority of people who appeared to be white are not racist. we are not a racist country. a few people are still. tired of people trying to separate us. we are one race, the human race. doctor, you the don't know whose blood you got. do you ask? we are one race. i am so tired of politicians attempting to separate us. i am tired of democrats trying to hide the fact that they are trying to bankrupt social

security and medicare. a newborn baby or a 15-year-old who has adhd and they've been on ssi. are8, they say they disabled. we will take those issues. guest: medicare for all has been a part of the governor's race. gillam is not said he is for it exactly. desantis is not. a lot of the ads have featured social security and medicare. again, part of that comes from the fact that who watches television ads? it's older voters.

younger people do not watch the ads. diversitynt about being a common shared value by many people, look no farther than these tv ads. you are not going to see a campaign ad which just shows all one race of voters in that ad. it would get massive attention. obviously, the candidate realizes people want diversity and they expect to see it. a lot of the separation comes from what we call micro-targeting, where you try to get out voters. you can slice the electorate so thinly and campaign differently with different appeals. oft promotes the idea separatism in a way. identity politics.

it's part of how we do advertising. you don't advertise a car to one age group as you do another age group. it is still perennially one of the things that people would really like to see racial relations improve. you see it in the polls. you really wish we could move beyond that. where do you see the radiance and americans step up and ignore race? when you have massive disasters. looking at the people that moved in there. or any kind to race of background, just a common value of helping the neighbor. it's kind of like the golden rule. a lot of people would like to see that in america. host: are you in the prediction business?

if so, what are your predictions for florida? guest: another nailbiter, another long night. it could very well be another 1% election. we will know early if it tests in one direction. we are counting on a typical florida night, the most divided state in the country. scientist, it's the best place to be as a political scientist. host: thank you very much for the conversation. me.t: thank you for having i really enjoyed your viewers' questions and comments. host: president obama will be in miami today campaigning for democratic candidates. you can watch the coverage on www.c-span.org. president trump will be back on saturday with a rally in

pensacola. we will have coverage again. we will be right back. we will open the phone lines for anything on your mind. we will get to that right after this break. >> this weekend on american war, a tv, on the civil historian talks about public reaction to photographs of the dead at the battle of antietam and the perspective of soldiers writing home. request the people were changed by a strange spell. fascinationerrible people had with death. did satisfyraphs this morbid satisfaction.

state university professor on lyndon johnson and the vietnam war. >> he has transformed the country for better or for worse. he gave up our to search for peace. our to search for peace. it this relates to what? once the issue? vietnam. presidency, edwin meese talks about president reagan and his view on communism and his relationship with the pope. , they had to leaders parallel interests. obvious as what happened in poland where they

were under attack if you will, it was logical for ronald reagan with his ideas about defeating communism to cooperate. weekend, the world war i centennial. c-span3every weekend on . >> washington journal continues. host: we are back for the remainder of today's washington journal. we will go to west virginia. toler: i would just like comment on the election a little bit. in southern west virginia, we've got a gentleman who is running for congress. military -- ex military. i would like to see more people like this run. in west virginia, it's hard to

participate in primaries if you're not on the democratic side. i don't know how to explain west virginia. we are at the bottom of every list. we've been controlled by both parties. up until recently, it didn't make any difference what brand the candidate had, they worked for the company's down here. thislly am impressed with ojeta.d bove j the senatorial race with mansion and morsi, opioids have destroyed west virginia. we have the highest death rate per population. carried thea is nation on its back for 100 years

with the coal industry. we benefited zero. poverty,undated with poor education, drug addiction. we need help. we need the federal government to come in here and invests in west virginia. sector will not invest in an area that has been destroyed by the industrial economy the support the rest of the united states. host: do you believe your senator has done enough? caller: if you told me i would vote for him, you would tell me i was crazy. morrisseyo patrick and what i know about him and what i've seen about him, there is no way i would vote for him

in any way or form. withanchin, i don't agree 30% of what he says, i agree with what he does try to secure health care and pensions. when bankruptcy court allowed those to be taken away after everybody paid their money for their pensions. joe manchin.or i will vote against most of the elected officials. host: did you agree with his vote for justice brett kavanaugh? caller: it was a struggle for me brette i believe kavanaugh will uphold trump if he gets pre-existing conditions to the supreme court. againste he will vote abortion is a choice for a

woman. because that's the toughest thing that any woman will ever have to do in her life. she doesn't need anybody else to stick their nose in her business. that is between her and her god. i am a pro-choice person. that is a tough stance in southern west virginia. host: pamela is in california. video: when you show the trump has been sending out, i thought they had done a fact check. right? host: the sacramento bee , i can read a little bit of it? caller: i am looking at the l.a. times this morning.

it's page one above the full. it refers to that video. the person who appears in the convict, smiles as he is sentenced to death. it says the president posted video of the court appearance of message to vote republican. the reason i am calling is because i believe the information you stated was there had been a fact check about him and he had been released and nobody had any explanation. in the l.a. times this morning. host: this is the story i was referring to. democrats let him stay in the u.s.. the sheriff's office told the sacramento bee that he was

arrested in phoenix in 1996. was arrested for four months in jail. thehen served his time and handed over to federal immigration and deported in 1997 during the clinton second term. records in arizona say he was arrested in phoenix in 1998. he was released for some reason unknown by joe arpaio's office. he was arrested may 4, 2001 on marijuana charges. he was deported three days later. president george w. bush was president when he slipped back into the united states later. caller: they are not talking about after his appearance in the video?

they are talking about his arrest. he is on death row. caller: he killed two sheriffs herein california. -- here in california. the part that stuck in my mind is you -- the article you were referring to didn't know why he had been released. thank you for calling and letting me clear that. john is in virginia. caller: good morning. thank you for c-span and allowing me to participate. create ato misimpression from your last segment and the cause of the red algaeand other toxic blooms.

it's the phosphorus in the nitrogen that runs off from farms, in florida is from the sugar industry. dust from africa may give it the red tinge. there are a lot of different toxic algae. the impression was left that african dust was the cause. that is not the cause. allave these toxic tides around the u.s., not just in florida. thank you for the opportunity to clear that up. host: the unemployment numbers are out for october. 3.7%, 250,000 jobs added. that issue is on the table as we are in open phones. you,er story to share with one in the washington post about roger stone and steve bannon.

badin is theoff headline. email, roger stone said julian assange feared for his personal safety, but would be releasing a loaded every going . the title of his opinion piece from roger stone is the treachery of steve bannon.

we are going to hear from steve bannon it tonight at 7:00 p.m. eastern time. thes taking part of canadian debates. debating david from.

it is 7:00 p.m. eastern time. we will go to golden valley, arizona. good morning to you. what is on your mind. i just wanted to make a comment about that guy who just called in about pro-choice. i think it says in the constitution liberty and life. life is the main thing. a woman has the right for her body, but that baby is another body. commentant to make a about people you should have on. why don't you ever have the president of the nra on there? host: we've tried many times. caller: i don't think it would be that hard. they haven't accepted our

invitation. caller: oliver north hasn't? he was on christian television. people who are so concerned about climate change, would you please park your car and walk? will you please turn off your computer. will you please quit using clean up the job at the end of your road? why don't you start in your own backyard? why don't you tell us how many times obama flew to different countries. i can remember that he went to different countries two or three times in one month. he had a date night with michelle. i'm sure that cost a lot of money. the only people that he gave any awards to work in the

entertainment. they promote drinking and drugs. host: and is in arizona. ann is in arizona. from the border states, this is from the museum herein washington, d.c.. the plan is for massive tent cities. this is out of tucson. gazette,have in the trump pledges asylum crackdown. times, 1000 troops already in place. that number is expected to double soon. amplifies the warning over

the caravan. we are in open phones. good morning. caller: i am very concerned for the republicans. the democrats have to obstruct. all they are afraid of is everybody going to jail. they are all going to go to jail. they've got to stop trump before he gets them indicted? dave.high, caller: i just wanted to make a comment. everybody's got a right to vote. the republicans are going to take social security and medicare away. mitch mcconnell said it. people are going to get cut. people on social security and medicare don't get enough anyway. they've never put back into that fund what they took out of it.

that's all they've got to do. they are going to try to cut it. get those republicans out of there. they never voted for it, they were never in favor of it. host: let's go to ted in kentucky. caller: hello? host: you are on the air. caller: i am a democrat. i am not going to vote. the reason i'm not going to vote is neither side wants to do anything. accordingats are not to the bylaw. i don't believe the republicans because they are the same way. all i do is pray for them. i am not going to go to the

polls. vote in 2020.l ok.: josephine is in new jersey. once on your mind. is for my main concern senior citizens. i am 74. nowe are 21 states right who are in the court system. they are all republican governors. they want to eliminate the coverage for pre-existing conditions. the other thing more importantly, last week the president signed an order that said it to the states they no longer are going to be prosecuting if they don't cover people with pre-existing

conditions in their states. they are free to deny and allow them to raise rates on them. i don't see the coverage on this. the worst part of it is all the advertisements from the republicans has been we are protecting pre-existing conditions. it is an out and out lie. note, ourogramming cities tour is exploring the american story, they travel to make have assumed in arizona. the the mayor talk about city faces existing in the desert. >> you've got the water and we are also in part of the desert. >> absolutely. >> what challenges does the desert present?

>> the desert water is the key. enoughking sure we have water for all of our residents. throughve enough to get 96,000 residents. we don't get a lot of rain. 2.5 inches a year. landscapes are something unique. if you love the desert, you love it here. i don't know if the cameras can pick it up. they can see where we built our city. it's against these mountains and hills. host: you can tune in this week to book tv as we travel to arizona. the cities video of we invented on our tour. you can go to www.c-span.org

/citiestour. we are an open phones. good morning. i like to vote for the person, but i'm a democrat and i'm leaning toward the republican side because the economy is and you can talk about immigration and all of these other issues, the economy is the best it has ever been in my lifetime. i can remember when people laughed that we would get down to unemployment and gdp growth the way it is now. candidates, the democratic candidates say they are going to keep everything going and being bipartisan. you've got nancy pelosi and maxine waters ready to start these investigations. we are going to be preoccupied

with investigations of everything. if we give up the house. if the house goes to the democratic side. i am voting on the republican side to keep the economy. rolling andit lifting up latinos and blacks and others that are trying to get a job. richard in west palm beach, florida. caller: i voted already. i voted for the democratic party. i am not a republican. i am not a conservative. i am not a liberal. issuesnservative on some and i refuse to be called conservative or republican. i am liberal on other issues. i think most of us are.

thisolitics of devices weakens our government. i voted. i disagree with the guy who refuses to vote. i have relatives who died for the right to vote. canso think our country come together and be big enough. we have to think in terms of what we have together versus these differences we have a part. i think your show. you do your best to get different ideas on it. itamericans, we have to look issues and not people. we have to look at the issues for everyone. for: sandra is on the line republicans. good morning. caller: good morning. republican, but even

though i am a republican, i am very disappointed. i then very disappointed with the way the republican party has handled things. voted for pat mccoury. i was so disgusted with the way he handled things, the way they gutted the epa. they are identified as something else. system,they gutted the i think it went from 5000 employees to a little bit less than 1000. how can you check and balance and keep regulations in order if there isn't enough staff to conduct those things. way very saddened with the there is no respect for one another and the way republicans

haven't been stepping up to our values. host: susan is in pennsylvania. can you make it quick? caller: i do believe this president needs a check. we need checks and balances. this president needs checks and balances. medicare, i do, believe the republicans will say the deficit is too high and they will go after entitlements. we need democratic voters out there. go out and vote. host: we told you this morning fiancee wrote an opinion piece for jamaal khashoggi. she called for the united states to lead the way on the investigation. she is inviting the

international community to reveal the truth and prosecute them. she called on them to return his body. says they must ask themselves the fundamental question, if the democracies don't take justice on this authority, what moral are they left with? a memorial service is about to take place. we are expecting his fiancée will deliver remarks. we have live coverage here on c-span. >>