actions including the national emergency. the money is expected to come from funds targeted for military construction, counter drug efforts and from the treasury department forfeiture program. aides couldn't immediately specified which military projects would be affected. if you missed any of president trump's announcement today, watch it from the beginning at :00 eastern tonight on c-span. >> watch more of our c-span cities tour at c-span.org/citiestour. >> at the beginning of the 20th century there were three major factors that built southern california.

agriculture, entertainment, and aviation which later became aerospace. douglas was one of the chief tains, pioneers, visionary, a brilliant engineer, he graduated with the first ever aeronautic engineering masters ever given from that institution. in 1921 he began the douglas aircraft company here in santa monica, using a movie warehouse on wilshire boulevard today known as douglas park he created a company that changed the world with his airliners, navy jets, navy aircraft, pivotal airplanes in world war ii, the list is quite long. he's the one responsible for the greatness in the field of american aviation. donald douglas chose santa monica because it had good terrain, there was a small airport called cloverfield being used by the army at that time he used that as his flying operational base and the big

breakthrough for douglas who had been designing torpedo bombers for the navy, he had one small airliner, biplane, the breakthrough came in 1924, the u.s. army wanted to demonstrate the capabilities of modern air power in those days and chose a douglas airplane to fly all the way around the world. it has never been done before. dt-2 torpedo bomber s a basis, the k.w.c., douglas world cruiser, was built. five were built, larged from cloverfield here in santa monica. they were equipped with wheels and floats and at that point they were converted to sea planes and began the journey westbound with a range of about 800 miles, a long string of navy ships were stationed in the oceans all along the flight path. there was tremendous support from the army.

the voyage took six months, approximately 750 hours of flight time at 100 miles per hour, crews,my rack lousely no crews were lost. one airplane crashed, it was replaced by another one, another airplane sank in the atlantic, there was no injuries or loss of life on the trip and it really was a wakeup d wakeup call to the world that air traffic had arrived. airplanes arrived in santa monica in 1924 and three airplanes completed the trip. those three became part of the douglas leggo and the slogan first around the world became he new company slogan. the douglas family years ago made an arrangement with the museum that this would be the repository for artifacts and

we've got actual artifacts collected on the world cruiser light. we have a display case, swords from japan, medals from russia, an amazing display of beautiful artifacts from the flight. we have a display of his original office furniture, original drawing board, we have his desk, any number of things. we have a trophy, a lot of treasures that were passed on from the family to the museum. we have a number of scale models built in the douglas model shop including a series of models hanging in corporate headquarters on ocean park boulevard half a mile from where we're sitting now. we have those hanging from the ceiling in the same attitude they were in in the lobby of the company headquarters. in the 1930's, commercial aviation was a rarity. people traveled by train or bus or boat and an airplane was a novelty. donald douglas changed that.

the airplane that was the pivotal design that started as a dc-1 pro toe type, evolved into dc-2 commercial airliner and then the breakthrough was the dc-3, also known as the d.s.t., douglas sleeper transport. a maryland earn, all-metal twin engine fast aircraft that carried 5 passengers with good, reliable engines and relative afety. the old tri-motor couldn't fly in the daytime. a passenger would buy a ticket from los angeles to new york,

fly in daytime to land at an airport, take the train at night over the mountains, across the desert and then another airplane in the daytime would go the next distance. took the better part of three days to travel coast-to-coast which compared to trains being a week was still a break through. but the dc-3 was able it established the benchmark for all airliners that came after it. in world war ii, donald douglas was asked by president roosevelt -- eisenhower to find a task force for the war effort. in those days, the titans of industry were all best friends. he called upon one of his best friends, william boeing and the two men put their talents together to build new plants. the 17 built boeing bombers under their license. it was a tremendous collaboration of resources. santa monica took center stage in that effort.

they have manufacturing of the sea 47 transport, and airplane that president eisenhower considered one of the five most significant machines to help the allies win world war ii. dc3 design wase converted to the sea 47 skytrain. cargo doorsme, but replacing airliner doors. it could carry jeeps, weaponry, spare engines, there was even a used to carry washing machines to give the troops the comforts of home. it was a pivotal airplane. it was used in the berlin airlift after the war. it was used to resupply east berlin. it was a workhorse. more thann said that 10,000 bc threes were built. that is not the case. the actual dc3 airliner was produced about 900 plus and all

of the rest of that 10,000 production work see -- c47s. after world war ii, if you had 100 people in a room and asked who had fun on airplane, three hands would go up. 3% of the american population had fun on commercial airlines. at that time. what happened after the war, was a -- an explosion of the aviation industry. people taking the air for vacation and business travel. that spread worldwide. the role douglas played and that was converting a war machine into a peacetime aircraft and that was the c45 now, the same three-day trip became 12 hours coast-to-coast, so it was a real breakthrough.

it revolutionized air travel and from those designs, further refinement, faster, more .owerful engines thed.c. seven series became first continental powered inliner and those were built california. me, this round table behind housings of airliners were sold to the chief -- chief executives to the airliners all around the world. this was the focal point for mr. douglas neustadt on the other side of the table. significant development occurred after world war ii.

white research went centerstage s.d set world speed record new aircraft were being built at edwards air force base north of los angeles. this was an airplane that used advancedsist and versions were launched from a bomber and those were rocket powered aircraft and in 1953, became the first aircraft to fly the twice -- i the speed of

sound by two times. destined to probe mock to with an airplane that could take off and land in its own power. it included less powerful engines. with thehift occurred aircraft plant here in santa d.c. eight.the limitation physical on the runway where the jets needed a to 10,000 feet. it was decided that the production would move to the douglas plant built in long beach, california and the commercial aircraft operation reverted to long beach. design work was still being done, but the plant here in

santa monica extends pretty much and the plants was pretty much a remote operation at that point. my uncle was an aircraft enamoredand so i was from a very young age. said douglas airplanes were more comfortable and he said something that resonated with me when i was seven or eight years old. he said mr. douglas designs is airplanes so that they are comfortable for the passengers. i carried that with me for many years. i was drawing airplanes for fun at the time and when i was father's old, i sent a letter and told him that i thought his airplanes were pretty cool. , five yearsme true

of art school in california, the hired into the douglas aircraft company. i worked my way up to staff illustrator while illustrating the concepts yet to be built in long beach. when i was hired into the company in 1977, one of my favorite things was to take people who were about to retire, take them to lunch and let them tell stories about what is like -- what it is like. person, they all talked with the reverend about mr. douglas. there was a love and special feeling that i was able to ascertain from the mental women

and in that small way, i feel like i was touching the roots of the company. it is special to this day to say that i work for the douglas air company. >> santa monica was founded in 1875. whoas founded by two men were drawn into california by the gold rush. he came to california in 1849. he made his fortune not through actual process -- actual prospecting, but by selling supplies to minors and he came down to southern california and purchased a large area of land in about 1872, so he is one of our founders. jonesr founder is senator

who came to california in 1850 the young man's. he was born in england and moved to cleveland. he came to california to increase his fortune. he went by boat with several friends all the way around the tip of south america up to san francisco, which was one of the ways to get to california at the time and we have the trunk that he took on the journey here. senator jones was immediately recognized for his people and leadership skills. he became a sheriff in a small town in california and then he was appointed to the california legislature. he did go into prospecting and that was where he was one of the -- that brought him

quite a lot of wealth and he ended up being elected to the senate. at that time, he began working for other opportunities. he came to southern california and purchased a large percentage of colonel baker's land from him in 1874. the land that two of them owned made up west los angeles and -- santaica will stop monica. the two of them can up with a plan to develop santa monica as a townsite, so they laid out a town. it included the coastal areas and was smaller than what we know santa monica to be today, but still a good-sized town.

iny held the land auction 1875 to auction off the parcels. lots went for between $400 and $500. $75, so quite a deal at that time. at the lot sale it self, the city birches were spoken by the auctioneers. the flowers,bout the healthy climate, the beautiful views and the healthy ocean air. this was a time in the united seekinghen people were elpful climates -- healthful climates. was close to los angeles and

the impending railroad helped as well. colonel baker was married to cadence baker. she had her own landholdings when she married colonel baker and so they joined forces. she is known as this excellent businesswoman and philanthropist and generally very involved in society at the time, though we do know she only spoke spanish, so she had an interpreter to help with her at social events, but she was very active. she played tennis, went to the beach, and inspected different landholdings. with settingadia aside all the land in santa monica for schools, parks and churches. she was sort of a visionary we think at her time.

she worked it -- she ended up working closely with senator jones. officially acquired the affairs ofanage the the land in sochi and jones or they the one to develop this area. the two of them also together did the land for what is the west los angeles sent -- [indiscernible] administration. they donated the land to the united states government and did much of work to develop it, planning the buildings, the landscaping and all that. arcadia was known to go there and visit the soldiers as well. lottor jones, he was away a . his family was active in santa was known ass life

a supporter -- his wife was a supporter of the women's suffrage movement. a guestbook at their home as a .ignature from susan b anthony senator jones, because of his involvement with the comstock lode thought it was a way to bring all the silver to the market and so he built a railroad from nevada to los angeles. it was the los angeles and independents railroad. he ended up going into business with huntington to develop a railroad in santa monica bay. rf.y built a mile-long wha it essentially allowed the trains to go out into the bay to

meet ships and transport cargo. idea thathis great santa monica could be the official port of los angeles. they commissioned -- petitions to congress. there was work to try and get this done behind the scenes and santa monica was competing with san pedro for the official title of port of los angeles. fortunately for us today, they actually lost out, so san pedro received the designation as the official port of los angeles and so, ournica did not and bay has remained clean and beautiful. we don't have all the industry and shipping that could have been here at that time, so we are glad because it allows us to continue to be a beautiful for

assassination and place for residents as well. >> with the almost 9 million people year come to appear and that is all walks of life, all interests. downnk if you were walk what brought them here, you would get different reasons. it is a walkable place that you can get away from the city. appear, you on the don't realize you are a block away from downtown. it is really not part of the city. is santa monica. last pleasure to your --

pleasure. -- the last pleasure pier. it is a wonderful up-and-down story, a fishing. --them is in part to a yacht a fishing. ier to a yacht pier. utilities.the public the city built it for a very specific purpose. it opened as being distinct and unique and the fact it was the first one entirely out of concrete, the concept it would last forever. the city held a parade and they help in concert to celebrate the

opening. here -- is the concrete -- pier would last forever. all of 10 years before the iron started rusting. those piles were replaced with theted wooden piles, so in 1920's, we had a concrete deck with wooden piles underneath and ultimately, the concrete was replaced with what. we had an entirely wouldn't hear until the 1980's and then the storms tour down the west of the .ure -- the pier

about a third was destroyed, then it was rebuilt with a better mix of concrete. it beenat capacity has used over the years? it has been used for many greater things. early on, it was the best fishing spot in all of santa monica bay. the reason it was declared that, people have not been fishing and what they were pulling out at that time for these very large sea bass, which .oday are a protected species at the beginning of the 20th

were six towns -- 80 pounds, 60 long. was caught a juvenile which pretty long. fishing has always been an andrtant part to this pier that is the community that has been the most dedicated. they are here 24 hours a day and very happy. as an amusement , they curious fund houses and things like that. is the original from 1916. hasmerry-go-round concept

remained since the early days and 1920's, the largest ballroom in the world became a feature and it has been here for 40 years. only as a dance hall, but city convention center , a roller rink a couple of times and first ever variety by ktla inast live 1948. people like charlie chaplin were one of the first. that is very unique and wonderful. the yachts's, all were displaced by fishing boats

because the u.s. navy had taken over san pedro. the commercial fishermen had nowhere to unload the catches except for the santa monica. . prime spot to feed the community and became even more of a fishing pure -- fishing pier than it already was. in 1960's, the. getting run down and the city was trying to figure out what to do with it. there was the idea of a large island with the convention ander, nice hotel ultimately, turn down and built their own bridge. and thee concepts

community rallied and put a stop to it. the city had planned to tear down the p are -- the pier. was wiped out by the storms. now, what can you do to make it a special place that everybody can enjoy? the concept of the amusement park returned. iter they finished building in 1990 six, pacific park opened and it changed everything. --was more fair family-friendly, open to all and people could enjoy a nice on the pier.

that is the pier we get to enjoy today. the end ofding at the santa monica. as far asonica pier you can go without a swim. this wasint, considered the end of route 66. it is not the official and, but it is the end of the journey. a very special place. -- there is a little pier is a little more than a quarter-mile so you are getting your steps in, so it is good exercise.

these boards add to the experience and we have been walking on them for over 100 years now. since the book was published, i have learned so much more about the pier. he is also a wonderful craftsman and he was an inventor. i had no idea that he was the inspiration that you see at fleming pools and beaches around the world. -- at swimming pools and beaches around the world. inspired the first

paddleboard in 1940. how fitting that is to be here. beach volleyball, the most popular sport of the summer olympics, that started here next to the pier. there was no weston, no amusement park. the weston had been poured down and it was basically used as a bridge to get to the beach. it was not very popular for well-respected. for a time, we grew together and

it has become home to 9 million visitors per year and i'm probably the person who can tell its story. we did not together and i think that's pretty cool. the city of santa monica's geography is something that has always drawn people to the area. the ocean has always been a to allource of fish sorts of things to help people survive and create a culture. , hasos angeles basin changed over time, but those rivers support a large community of indigenous people and los angeles and that extended out to santa monica. the earliest community of people.e or the congo

they were here in los angeles and they are still here today. -- tonga had a very large tribal area from the san gabriel valley to the northern parts of orange county, all the way out to the islands that are on the santa monica bay. they also extended as far as , so the indigenous people name tongvaica, the learner -- mother

earth. they tongva people -- the tongva were able to stay in place. able to trade with surrounding tribes and were able to trade unique resources. you may have heard of the la brea tar pits. arat is a pond filled with t between here and downtown los near the lost is angeles county museum of art. it was a sticky black substance, the same thing we you today to tongva use that

pitch theirs and canoes. another unique resource that soapstone.ed was it is a type of rock that is sown for being very mailable you can carve it into cups, bowls, small instruments and it does not break. it can be placed directly in the , so theyout cracking are known for not making any pottery or ceramics and it is believed because they have access to soapstone, much that was on catalina island and that was another item they would trade with in the surrounding

communities. >> european context had a significant impact on the indigenous people. it was a detrimental impact and 1542, juan rodriguez came to california. he was a spanish explorer and he discovered california and claimed it for spain. in 1769, a man came with spanish soldiers to establish the mission system in california. the nearest mission to santa monica is in san gabriel. that is about an hour by car today, o2's much further if you're walking. the mission lifestyle was very harsh on the native people. they suffered from diseases and

harsh conditions. there was a significant -- significant cultural change that it was difficult for them and many of them did not survive. -- there were uprisings within the mission. shaman led by a female and was admired within her tribe. 1780's.pened in the she planned to attack the and it importantly was unsuccessful. it led to a court case. and shefound guilty made some eloquent remarks that spanish were not expecting the culture of the tongva and that

was the reason for the attack. she was removed from her tribe and moved to northern california and separated from her people. today, we have a significant native population. they come from all of the country -- all of her the country. you have seen many murals tongva -- of 20 of [indiscernible] which means we are still here. the 1920's, part of the santa monica beach that was north of the santa monica pier was referred to as the gold coast. it was called this because many movie stars and movie industry

executives had homes along the beach year and it was a very special place to live. these stars and executives would walk along the beach, go to each other's homes for barbecues and parties and morning coffee, so it was quite the place to be seen. guesthouse which is part of the beach house and this is the story of three of silent films, and william randolph hearst. lifelong really

[indiscernible] davies grew up as one is -- one of four sisters. they were all dancers and she was very beautiful. had a bit of a scammer, so she did not have a lot of talking roles, but because she was so beautiful and personable, she was noticed by a man named william randolph hearst. he started to woo her. he sent her flowers, met her parents, met her family and at the time, he mentioned that he would like to take some photographs of her and put her in the movies, which at the time are silent films and he had

motion paid her company called cosmopolitan pictures. that was the start of her making movies which she eventually went on to produce her own and became very successful. the property that we are in is part of a large estate that was by william hearst. this was the guesthouse on the property and as you can see, we have photos from various publicity stills and roles she was making at the time. designed byse was julia morgan.

she went on to design this property for him in 1926. was completed in 1929. what they brought into feel like they were at the beach. the parties often had many andts, and the thousands some of the parties or costume parties. the themes of the parties babynued in the theme of , in party, circus party which a carousel was brought in. the costumes were provided i the

guest,tudios, so as a one would come to the party, find their corresponding size on a rack, take a costume that suited their personality, put it on in a changing room and then go into a party in their elaborate costume that would fit the theme for that evening. mid-1940's, william randolph hearst health started to decline and she decided to him --r home and move to move with him to his beverly hills home. hotel -- dimension to a man who plans to turn it into a hotel. he took the guesthouse and the rest of the property and shared

a beach club called the sand and sea club. they ended up building bungalows on the property in between the guesthouse in the main mansion. functioned that way for about 10 years and he was losing money on the hotel. upkeep.ery expensive keep in mind, the 60's were coming. it was going to be a new, modern era and he decided people do not want this antique hotel, so he made a deal with the state that he would be able to sell the property to the state if he demolished the building, so that is what he did. he tore down the hotel and it became owned by the state. meanwhile, the sand and sea club on the property with the

bunkley's -- the bungalows. way until the 1994 earthquake and with the earthquakes, the bungalows collapsed and were red tagged. santa monica passed a referendum that no new hotels or restaurants could be built on the beach, so we had a historic pool historic -- distort pool andric guesthouse. >> we were approached in the mid-1990's and the city was partnering with the annenberg this beachto revive and private beach club into a public facility.

early on, i had the notion that there needed to be a memory of the architecture of the mansion here. that building does not exist here anymore. it was damaged beyond repair and finally had to be completely demolished, but it was a grand structure and had an integral relationship with the pool. was ansion itself neoclassical structure and i felt the memory of that structure and branding that into the public realm for the public to enjoy the same experience that that group of elite of the golden age in the 1940's had was an important opportunity and i came up with this notion of memory device, which is in the form of this colony.

went to the only, it reflects trees on top palm of the palisades. will give you a feeling of the magnitude of that project, the same expanse, same height and spacing, and yet it .s detached from the structure the head of the foundation at lies thecapsule aspirations of the project in the phrase to create a place for people to make memories and so, the memories are of the past of the era of davies and of the present, people that come here from any community.

and is an open state park have their family activities, their group activities, their personal activities on the beach and come away with memories. that is how the project is working and the ability to use this piece of santa monica beach and for peoplent to cure rate their activities in the various gathering places we created on the second floor of this building and the guesthouse. one of the magical things about the community beach house is the beautiful connection between the past and the present. we have really been able to bring the history of these andviduals who created

developed this property .riginally they created such a legacy and having the marion davis waythouse is a spectacular to connect the past and the present and that really brings history to life. are standing out in santa monica, california. behind me is that ferris will, only is the own list -- barris will in the world that is [indiscernible] powered in the world. place.eautiful many people want to live here. santa monica is one of the leaders in housing.

santa monica has rent control. californiallenge for , especially southern california. you have very expensive housing and it is pressing families out of their ability to own a home. veryhave to work -- live far away to come to work. our land value is too expensive, our labor is too high. in parts of different industries ranging from high tech to biotech to agriculture to entertainment. anta monica has attracted area called silicon beach, an -- anork for companies area where companies are creating new technologies.

there's a huge amount of diversity in my district. i'm on the house judiciary committee. legislation that comes to my district. there are a number of undocumented youth. america is the only country they had ever known and to deport them to understand and they have not seen, it is cruel and unusual. solutione can get the through the house and democratic congress and the president will sign the legislation. don't have immigration, countries tend to stagnate. america tends to regenerate with new ideas.

they work hard and revitalize our economy and nation. that is what has made america great the last two centuries and that is why we continue to have immigrants coming to america. a lot of industries rely on the ideas. >> to live here, you enjoy incredible weather. there is an abundance of healthy restaurants, a number of fitness studios large and small. it is impressive. it is easy to live that california healthy lifestyle. thee took a driving tour of kim.with >> what are we going to see today? >> some of santa monica's historic spots and some of the

best places to see the sunset. we are at the actual end of the route 66 at mel's drive-in. ,t opened within the last year but it is the site of a historic diner called the penguin. the 2248 mile road from chicago to los angeles and opened in 1926. it originally ended in los angeles, but in 1936, lawmakers extended it to santa monica. there is a little bit of debate and urban legend surrounding route 66. this is the actual end, but we ,o get a lot of enthusiasts historians and people doing andrcycle tours who come in

doing the whole of route 66 and they love to celebrate the end of the journey at santa monica. , so in 2009ica pier it was named the spiritual end of route 66. as you can see her, we are coming up on santa monica or which is one of the most iconic destinations in the country, one spots.most instagrammed it was built in 1909 and houses everything from an amusement park called pacific park. you can see the roller coaster, carnival games, the ferris wheel , many movies, television shows. a place that is full of surprises. >> how many folks visit the pier

a year? tourism is one's of the largest conservators to the local economy. it is very well-funded because of a diverse economy. tout $55 million contributed the city's general fund in 2017. on top of that, visitors contributed about $12 million in sales tax, so that revenue goes into the city and it is utilized department,he fire street improvements, libraries, schools and so again, the quality of life is partially inspired by tourism in santa monica. we are in a ring downtown santa monica. a lot of people work in downtown santa monica, we have a lot of

hotels and home to the 3rd street promenade, a pedestrian only thoroughfare that is essentially santa monica's living room. you will see street performers, movie theaters, outdoor patios. he re-are on main street and this is one of the places where you'll see a lot of santa monica locals just off the beach. has lots of individually owned restaurants, art galleries, shops. during the daytime, you will see those who have gone to a workout or coming out of a yoga class, very health conscious community that converges here on main street. on the right is the california heritage museum.

historic homes built in the 1800s by touring style that were built and housed other locations in the 1970's. i don't know how they did that, but this is the museum that features exhibits. they've had exhibits about tattoos, skateboarding, california tile, native american history. andhe right, is the hotel bungalows. this is an interesting site. ofy are home to the founder santa monica. one of the most significant welcoming the tree. the senator's wife plan to see

free when they lived at that site many years ago and it is still here welcoming visitors >> . what are we seeing now? 80% of santa monica residents are renters. 80% -- an see -- homes are hard to come by. it is a special and wonderful quality of life here. in the millions, if not multimillions. >> what industries are most people in? >> most people work in some form of the creative industry whether it is filmed, advertising, art. santa monica is becoming more known as silicon beach, so a

,otbed for technology companies startups, incubators, venture capitalists and that speaks to the quality of life here. the tech companies know if they have tech companies here, they can attract top talent. >> do you get put in the same basket as l.a.? cute valentine's display was pie [inaudible] we describe it as l.a.'s beach that if we urge people they want to come here in los angeles, if you base your hotels in santa monica, the experience, we will deliver. it is a place where we can watch

sunset.he here makes for a really exceptional stay. >> thanks for coming here. our visit to santa monica california is in american history exclusive and we introduce you to c-span cities tour. we traveled to u.s. cities bringing kissed worksites to our viewers. you can watch more of our >> the law offices are here. lincoln's extraordinarily important to the city of springfield. cities tour is on

the road exploring the american story. we visit the capital city of illinois. >> when they built this building and knew they were going to build the new capital, they wanted something that was struck and all. awe -- shock and awe. >> so he could disguise his political ambition under the umbrella of his practice. that is the significance of the circuit. in doing so, he built this network. he put himself into the position of getting the republican nomination for president. thatese are the gloves were in abraham lincoln's pocket at the night of the assassination. you can see the remnants of the blood on these gloves today. >> join us on book tv this

saturday at noon as we speak with locals and springfield authors. we will learn about lincoln's ties to springfield and the onn's political history c-span cities tour of springfield, illinois working with our cable affiliates as we explore the american story. washington journal, live every day with news and policy issues that impact you. coming up saturday morning, bloomberg tax reporter lauren davidson on how the recent shutdown is affecting the irs and this year's filing season. and, columbia university professor andrea talks about his foreign affairs article examining nationalism. discusses the consumer financial bureau's

proposed changes to payday lending rules. washingtonwatch journal, live at 7:00 eastern saturday morning. >> next, president trump's remarks on the emergency on the southern border. after that, newsmakers with randi weingarten. >> president trump delivered remarks at the white house rose garden to declare a national emergence the at the u.s.-mexico border. the president also addressed trade negotiations with china, the u.s. economy, and his upcoming meeting with north korean leader kim jim on in vietnam. -- kim jong-un in vietnam. this is just under an hour.