p.m., president trump is in miami. the-span2, to events from d.c. circuit court of appeals. committeerguments and of the judiciary versus mcgahn, looking at whether president trump's former white house counsel must comply with a subpoena to testify on the mueller report. the court looks at the merits of the house efforts to unseal documents and testimony from the mueller investigation. at noon, the u.s. senate returns for the opening of the second session of the 116th congress. at 5:30, more campaign 2020 coverage with presidential candidate senator amy klobuchar at a town hall meeting in cedar rapids, iowa. coming up in an hour, national employment law projects laura discusses efforts to raise

the minimum wage. tech entrepreneur richard wayne on the skills gap, the future of work, and rethinking traditional four-year college degree or rims. college degree programs. ♪ host: good morning. .t is friday, january 3 u.s. airstrike near the bank that airport killed the top corps.er of the guard could stoke a cycle of retaliation with the islamic republic. we are tracking reaction and we want to hear from you. let us know what you think. democrats, 202-748-8000. republicans, 202-748-8001.

.ndependents, 202-748-8002 you can send us a text message this morning. that number, 202-748-8003. if you do, please include your name and where you are from @cspanwj @cspanwj. on twitter, it is. on facebook it is, facebook.com/cspan. a very good friday morning, you can start calling now as we show you the statement released last night from the department of defense. this is how it read at direction of the president. the u.s. military has taken action to protect u.s. military abroad by killing the head of guards. revolutionary corps. the general was actively developing plans to attack american diplomats and wasicemembers in iraq and responsible for the death of hundreds of americans and coalition servicemembers.

he orchestrated attacks on coalition bases in iraq over several months including the attack on december 27 culminating in the death and wounding of additional american personnel. this strike was and at deterring future iranian attack plans. the united states will continue to take necessary action to protect our people and actions wherever they are around the world. here is the front pages this morning of major u.s. papers, this is the new york times leading with this story and a picture of the major general on the front page.

there is the picture from the associated press on your screen. the lead of the story noting the united states moved to the brink of war with iran this morning, assassinating the most celebrated military leader along with a key iraqi ally. the globe and mail out of canada focusing on the response in iran, bows harsh revenge for u.s. "criminals" who killed solomonic, this from the israeli newspaper. assassination -- impossible to exaggerate repercussions and even trump most steadfast reporters should seasonede absence of a

national security staff around him. one more from the moscow times, russian senator calls u.s. killing of top iranian general worst-case scenario, expects new u.s.-iran clashes. we have yet to hear from president trump although he tweeted out this image late last night around 9:30 eastern time, an image of the american flag. we will be monitoring the clear page and releases from the white house and any statements from staff and keys foreign ministers and micro terry -- secretary of state pompeo. we will bring you their comments when and if they make those comments. one more statement from late last night from iran's foreign minister.

the u.s. targeting can assassinating the general the most effective force fighting isis is extremely dangerous and a full osha escalation -- foolish escalation. that from his twitter page last night. we will be bringing you a lot more from around capitol hill and the world, but we want to hear from you this morning. democrats, 202-748-8000. republicans, 202-748-8001. independents, 202-748-8002. this is ingrid, a democrat. caller: i have already made some i would like to be those. -- i would like to read those.

not even israel, decided to attack iran and it did not go through congress. willlicans are saying this be a short war and where have we heard that? junior and israel is andanger in this situation there will be unforeseen consequences. nostradamus -- think about nostradamus and the third .ntichrist i believe the president has started world war iii. host: her first comment was on congressional notification.

this from the new york times, the strike appeared to catch lawmakers off guard. the administration did not give chuck schumer of new york advanced notice of the strike according to one aide, the foreign of the -- the chairman of the foreign affairs committee . a republican, good morning. say thank god to we have a president. he doesn't look for war, he tries to keep peace, but when they come after us, he will go after them and give them what they deserve. i am so thankful and i bet hell is burning hot this morning, he is getting what he deserves.

before youaller worried about world war iii, are you worried about a new war? theyr: not really because know he does not play games. if they come after us and retaliate, we will go after them. i don't think they want to see the worst part of what we have to offer. i really don't. god bless america. host: kathleen, democrat out of san diego, good morning. morning.ood i am very concerned for the whole world. the lady that just spoke, i simply believe mr. trump does .lay games

it is more serious than just removing a person. this act only on mr. trump's decision is going to hurt america, other countries as well. act and i amive i dolly shaking because try to believe in the goodness of people and that there are things about mr. trump, that he is helping, i am sure, in his own way. things are moving forward but

this is not moving forward. for all theworried leaders of the world, they are going to lose much confidence, much more than they have, in america and we are a brand -- grand nation and countries of always up to us and listen to us. ift is not happening now and that continues, the world is in trouble. host: you said at the top you are shaking, what is the emotion that is making you shake right now? caller: not just this act, but the different things that mr. withouts been doing

thinking, it seems, kind of quick responding. believe things need to be , notd with as a committee just one person. gettingshake, i enjoy my thoughts, adding to thoughts and i am doing my part to keep things positive, but this is a very troubling piece of knowledge. murphy --re chris

center chris murphy speaking to your concerns. of the unitedy states, that is not a question. to just assassinate without congressional authorization the second most powerful person in iran setting off a potential massive regional war. a flavor of the response on the republican side from one of senator murphy's republican colleagues, referring to murphy's tweet saying it is drunk partisanship. he has killed hundreds and hundreds of americans and was actively plotting more. any commander-in-chief has an obligation to defend america by rd is whatis basta senator ben sasse said last

night. getting your reaction from capitol hill and around the world. this from reuters, iran's supreme leader said harsh revenge awaited the criminals who killed him. his death would double the resistance against the united states and israel. he called for 3 days of national mourning in the wake of the death. a republican, good morning. caller: good morning. how are you doing? host: i am doing well, go ahead. caller: president trump did exactly what he was supposed to do as commander-in-chief -- it was an attack on the u.s. embassy and an attack on the united states. there is an example between the difference between the obama

administration and trump administration. hillary clinton says what difference does it make? the difference is you attack on the u.s. embassy, you are going to get attacked back. you fire the first shot, we will come after you. i support the president 110%. host: president trump tweeted earlier this week in the wake of the attack on the u.s. embassy, on newsident saying this year's eve, the new s -- the u.s. embassy has been safer hours. many of our great war fighters was immediately rushed to the site, thanking the prime minister of iraq for their response. iran will be held responsible for lives lost or damage incurred at any of our facilities, they will pay a very big price, this is not a warning, this is a threat and

then happy new year. . what are your thoughts on the president following through on that? years in theeveral obama administration, the world was kicking the u.s.'s butt. president trump will not stand for this, this is what we have him for. he gave the order, the generals handled the problem and now we will see what they do. they are not going to do anything. they know they do not want to start a war with us. they are the ones that fired the first shot, they attack us, we did not attack them. -- united states is personally, i am tired of seeing the united states being kicked around all the time.

we have a president in the oval office that will not stand for that. we will support you, we will help you if you want help, but do not come after us and do not attack us, otherwise, consequences will happen. host: we said you eat -- we would let you know if the president tweets's. he did retweet a couple tweets this morning and that had to do u.s.safety advisories for personnel based in iraq. the president re-tweeting a link to this page, the u.s. embassy and consulates in iraq. it was a statement, security alert issued last night after that strike occurred saying due iraq,ghtened tensions in the u.s. embassy urges americans it instead -- american citizens to depart iraq immediately. u.s. citizens should depart via

airline while possible and failing that, to other countries via land. all consular operations are suspended, u.s. citizens should not approach the embassy. this strike happening this outside the baghdad airport where the iranian general was when this drone strike took place and reporting from the new q-9k times noting it was an m reaper drone frederique frederique. general killed -- general soleimani killed in that attack including others including the the backedander of militia known as the popular mobilization forces in that convoy as well. getting your thoughts, your

reaction. charles in tennessee, a democrat, good morning. caller: good morning. much more. trump is concerned with this impeachment thing and people may -- then people think he is and in order to stay in the white house, he will use any diversion you can think of and it looks like things are falling his way because like i say, any diversion he can use to get people looking the other way, he will. with this evangelistic bymunity, anyone that goes beatsct and lie well told the truth terribly has something wrong with them. they should look at the gospel song saying i would not take nothing from my journey now.

twitterveral folks on have pointed back to businessman's trump -- businessman trump's statements. here is a flavor of a few of them, donald trump saying in august of 2012 i always said barack obama will attack iran in some form prior to the election. he went on to say don't let obama play the iran card to start a war. be careful, republicans. another from october now that obama poll numbers in tailspin, watch for him to launch a strike in libya or iran. one last one from june, barack obama is preparing a possible attack on iran right before november. your thoughts on those old tweets from donald trump.

caller: my thoughts on the old -- on those old tweets is he did not even think obama was born in this country, so you can use your own judgment of how he was doing those things. this we will go to hawaii, is cindy, thanks for getting up very early for us this morning, go ahead. cindy, are you with us? go ahead, cindy. caller: you want me to go now? host: yes, you are on. caller: thank you. this is cindy from honolulu, hawaii. thank you very much for taking my call. on the droneoughts attack that killed general frederique -- general soleimani? caller: i think president trump is doing a fantastic job. host: anything you want to add

to that? blessedthe bible says are the peacemakers because they shall be called the sons of god. it also says you are the light of the world, a city set on a hill cannot be hidden. president trump is doing a fantastic job, thank you. host: do you think donald trump is a peacemaker? caller: i think he is doing a fantastic job. host: that is cindy and hollow lulu. we stay in hawaii, this is dean, independent. caller: good morning, john. how are you? host: i am doing well, go ahead. caller: i think we need to differentiate between a state the united states kills terrorist leaders, but we do not assassinate people .onnected with state

jong-il, kimat kim mbs in saudi arabia, they have killed american citizens, but we don't see donald trump going after them? he is going after this member of the iranian government, which is distinctly different than going after terrorist leaders and that seems not to have been the policy of the united states for quite a while and that is quite concerning. host: the islamic revolutionary guard corps, which is what led -- doesimani that change things in your mind? let's say that group is not a good group whatsoever, but the fact remains they are part

of the iranian government, that is different than going after the terrorist leader that is a non-state actor, there is a huge difference. if you want to go actor a state leader or part of a government, you have got to consult congress. you cannot go that alone. sorte going to incur some of a problem whether it be attack or some sort of in washington on one of our government leaders, there is something we call civil society and we all want to keep civil and when we start crossing these lines, it seems as though we are going to go down to their level. host: here is the statement from the white house april of last year designated the revolutionary guard corps as a foreign terrorist organization,

the president making that announcement, let me read to you what the president said in that statement, this designation will be the first time the united states has named apart of another government as a foreign terrorist organization. it on the -- underscores the fact iran's actions are different than other governments and this will expand the scope and scale of our national -- maximum pressure campaign and makes clear the risk of providing support to the revolutionary guard corps and goes on from there. to what i goes back just talk about, mbs killed an american citizen or a guy living here, a member of the media. kim jong-un killed a guy who visited north korea, both of those are state actors as well and we both know then people are terrorists. host: a little bit more about the general who died in the

airstrike yesterday from the profile piece in the new york times, the general a once shadowy figure who enjoyed celebrity-like status among hard-line conservatives was a figure of intense interest to people inside and outside the country, it is not just that he was in charge of iranian intelligence gathering and covert military operations and regarded as one of the most cunning and autonomous figures, he was believed to be close to the supreme leader and seen as a possible potential future leader of iran in charge of the special forces unit that undertakes iranian missions and other countries and named to lead in the late 1990's. he was believed to be the chief strategist behind military ventures and influence in syria, iraq, and elsewhere in the region, considered the most regionve official in the from the profile piece in the new york times today, getting

your thoughts, your reaction this morning after that u.s. airstrike killed general soleimani. robin in nevada, democrat, good morning. caller: good morning, sir. i just want to say i totally agree with the last gentleman that was on. also, the lady from hawaii, how she quoted the bible about peacemakers. i would like to say how dare you on behalf of the president. if we were to make piece -- peace, we would not have attacked these people -- the president would not have attacked these people the way he did. the other gentleman talking about the president is doing a

great job and this and that, i totally disagree with a lot of things the president is doing and cannot seem to find anything i can agree with what the day 1,nt is doing, since not only because i am a democrat . when i first turned old enough to vote, i voted republican and voted democrat i because of this president's behavior, our president's behavior. going back to what you read about the statement of what the president said, that doesn't even sound like him talking or what he wrote or what he said. if you listen to the president the way he speaks, he doesn't

speak the way you read that article of what he said. host: are you talking about the statement from the department of defense that was put out? that was attributive to the defense department, not specifically to the president. what we have heard from the president is what we have seen on his twitter page and that is the image of the american flag. caller: and that is the image of him and the way he response to the american people on twitter, which is childish to begin with. that is the way i see it and all the republicans from hawaii or wherever you are from in the up. always having to bring obama. obama wasn't the best president, but he was the best president. they want to attack hillary this to that, we are never going find out what is going on with

hillary. james out of ocean springs, mississippi, good morning. doing? how are you host: i am doing well. honestly, i believe in trump 100% and i do believe he is doing a good job at what they what he has do and done here is something that should have happened a long time jimmycause even like when carter was president, gasoline three dollars a saudi in the 70's and arabia has been robbing the united states over fuel and oil and stuff for years and what damage thosee to

-- i just think this was coming and they started it and trump is a man that is going to .inish it for them i think he is a good man and a good president. host: out of port orange, florida, good morning. caller: tanks for taking my call. i have a couple of questions -- rhetorical perhaps. number one, this commander of the military -- the general, what would his equivalent be in the states? is there some sort of general of the american special operations command or something like that? second question, all the senators tweeting out how bad this guy was and all that, what would they reaction be to

country,ran or another perhaps israel or saudi arabia said generallling of our own u.s. special operations, what would their tweets be like then? where is the outrage? also, i have a statement regarding abdicating our responsibility and duty in the states, the president serves the people through the congress, he is commander of the military only. what he does on behalf of the american people, he has to answer to the american people, our constitution provides for a declaration of war and if this wasn't a declaration of war, i don't know what is as far as the u.s. killing a general. not be overhould

there in the first place, that was my comment and i would like people to think about that, put the shoe on the other foot. host: your second statement, talked about reaction from senators, here is another senator and presidential candidate, elizabeth warren weighing in at about 11:30 eastern soleimani. was a murderer, responsible for the death -- this move escalates the situation with iran and increases the likelihood of more deaths and new middle east conflict. our priority must be to avoid another costly war and another tweet from a senator and presidential candidate, bernie sanders saying trump's escalation brings us closer to another disastrous war that could cost countless lives and trillions more dollars. trump promised to end endless wars, but this puts us on the path to another one. joe biden, his statement he

released on social media reads in part no american will mourn soleimani's passing, he deserved to be brought to justice for his crimes and thousands of innocents across the region, he supported terror. none of that negates the fact this is an escalatory move in a dangerous region. the statement says the goal is to deter future attacks, but this action will have the opposite effect. president trump tossed a stick of dynamite into a tinderbox and owes the american people an explanation of the strategy and plan to keep safe our troops and .mbassy personnel the statement goes on from there. just a few of the comments from presidential democratic candidates. we are hearing from viewers online in this first hour this

morning, your reaction to the airstrike yesterday, a don't -- drone strike that killed a top general when he was in iraq yesterday. john in chantilly, virginia, a democrat. good morning. caller: thank you for taking my call. thing.to say one this general is vicious. the problem we have, this president is playing golf and does something like this. anytime you want to do some action like this, you need to sit your advisors, your generals. i listened last night to all the expert generals and they all disagree. a previous president tried to take this guy out, but they knew there were consequences. a warsad that we start with iran right now.

play that war. they will attack our people no matter where they are and that is how they do business. the problem is we don't have laws anymore. this president can do whatever he wants because there are no lawmakers that will tell him enough is enough. anytime you do any work, any act, you need to discuss with us and see if this can be approved by congress. is we listen to the people who are uneducated and neville travel and just believe donald trump is a good man. my country comes first, it is not donald trump's children who will go to war if we go to war tomorrow, it is average americans. many of them will die for a war that we don't even have to go to. i am very angry and i don't even

know how we can stop this president because there are no republicans who will stand against him and that is the problem we have. host: glenn in california, republican, good morning. caller: good morning, america. trump.ss donald john, this man was invited to the white house by barack obama. group part of a terrorist . in 2011, he was invited to the white house. we have photos of him in the white house shortly after we left $6 billion of brand-new military equipment in yemen. i.e.d.'s were killing our servicemembers. god bless our troops, by the way, and thank god for that drone strike that killed this person that has been killing our american troops all over in

afghanistan, iraq, libya, all over the place. let's talk about what barack obama did to the force, he did nothing. he gave money to iran -- you cut me off already. understand,rying to when he got a white house welcome, are you talking about soleimani? caller: there are photos of him meeting in the white house. in 2011. host: the story in the washington times talks about one of those who were killed in that strike yesterday. the leader of the iran-backed siege at the u.s. embassy in baghdad was welcomed at the hise house in 2011, but name hadi al-amiri, singled out by secretary of state mike

pompeo as an iranian proxy talking about his welcoming to the white house in 2011. that is not soleimani, but he is also killed in that strike. is that how you are referring to? was there asmani well and just like that secret iran deal done behind closed doors, it was a treaty -- did you cut me off? host: no, go ahead and finish your statement. caller: what about the $6 billion worth of military equipment left by our state department in yemen where he was a proxy in yemen? as our troops were getting killed by i.e.d.s? host: glenn in california. this is randy out of wisconsin. caller: good morning, john, and america. guy has killed hundreds and

.housands of u.s. military we take him out, they were warned. iran was warned. they did not believe president trump would do it. we have the best president the united states has ever had and there is one more thing. why is it when barack obama got out of office -- why is it that isis ran out of money? goal and thank you, president trump. host: a few comments from social media, this is john on facebook saying amplifying conflict, deploying more americans to foreign soil and starting a war, promises made, promises kept. cannot wait for this new generation of kids to start fought a decade

ago. this makes americans around the world a little more vulnerable than they were yesterday. the iranian general is the mastermind behind attacks on u.s. personnel currently taking place. we needed to respond in a way that sends a clear message that attacks on us will not be tolerated. brian says this seems like a big deal, i hope it does not escalate too much. you can call in like barry out of new york, a democrat, good morning. caller: good morning. i wanted to comment about the 's tweets from ♪ 2012 where he was warning the of obamans to beware attacking iran or starting a war somewhere else, this is exactly what trump is doing now. i think what is going on is a

complete wag of the dog situation where trump, i believe, must know some really damaging information is coming down the pike with regards to his impeachment and he wants to steal the news cycle. i feel he does not see anything beyond stealing news cycles, he does not understand that this could potentially result in a war, i am very upset that he is willing to put american lives in jeopardy by -- he is endangering us, inviting another 9/11, this guy has got to go, it is insane he is still there and insane he was elected in the first place. oft: eddie out massachusetts, republican, good morning. glad we can vote against him.

-- i remember him saying john mccain, i had to hold my nose because john mccain had this little jingle, bomb iran. i think that is why he lost. the president is there to keep us out of war. generals go to war. by him doing that, i think he will lose the election, thank you. tweetedesident trump this morning -- still has not tweeted this morning since tweeting the picture of the american flag. a few tweets from mike pompeo, here is one of them saying this was at 6:40 one eastern time saying he spoke with a chinese bureau member to discuss president trump's decision to eliminate soleimani in response to imminent threats by american -- to american lives. i reiterated our commitment to

de-escalation. secretary pompeo discussed with the british foreign secretary the recent decision to take defensive action to eliminate soleimani, thankful our allies recognize the threats posed by the force, the u.s. remains committee to -- committed to de-escalation, that from 6:49 p.m. secretary pompeo tweeting out his phone calls since that attack. this is ed in virginia, independent, good morning. good morning.r: thanks for taking my call. i don't like donald trump, i did not vote for donald trump. the sooner he is out of office, the better this country will be. the military decision to take this general out should be commended. they attacked our american embassy and i am surprised i have not heard anyone say let's

not forget what happened during the carter administration and the embassy in iran and how long they held that embassy. they attacked us. and embassy is sovereign land in this country, that is our border, they attacked us. i am happy to know we are getting to the point we are going to defend ourselves. we are not going to sit around and wait and wait and wait and see what happens or go to congress and asked permission to kill somebody. donald trump making the decision, i don't know about that, but as far as the military decision -- it sounds like a lot of his staff, which should also be commended. host: the statement said at the direction of the president, the u.s. military has taken action. caller: of course it is from direction of the commander-in-chief, it is unfortunate donald trump is the

commander-in-chief because i am not sure his decision-making process is correct. i am talking about the military decision, not the politics of our country. i am talking about a military decision to defend the united states of america and that is what we did as a country. we defended our embassy. we have americans living inside that compound. we need to protect them and that is the stance we need to take in this country, not wait to see what is going to happen. that embassy was not taken over in that country before. host: do you think the embassy is safer today than it was yesterday? caller: no, i don't think any of our embassies in any country in becausele east is safe of the people that operate in that country because there are so many groups over there that

hate me because i am an american. i don't think any of our embassies are safe in that part of the world and there are a lot of other parts of the world where our embassies are not safe. host: would you prefer we not be there? caller: we have to be there. you are missing my point. we have to be there. that doesn't mean i feel they are safe or safer today. host: isabella out of massachusetts, democrat, good morning. caller: my point is i think this is a huge mistake and it is inevitably going to lead to war. i agree with barry from new york that it is a wag the dog situation. i think mr. trump is trying to deflect attention from his own impeachment. beyond that, we have been occupying this country and other countries for so many years --

in the case of iraq, we invaded under the false assumption of weapons of mass destruction instead of getting out of there when we found out that wasn't the case, we have become so entrenched. this embassy, i am sure, must be galling for every person who lives there. it is the only safe sound in the country, the green zone, the only place where life can continue with any sort of normalcy. also, trump promised to get us out of war. this is exactly the opposite. i think the man is absolutely deranged. tweet fromresident's two minutes ago saying iran never won a war, but never lost a negotiation. .aller: that is baloney i think they did win the war

with iraq, they are a huge country and from what i have seen. if you have seen rick steve and his travel adventure, they are a very civilized country, they love americans. there government may be extremely different from ours and many of them are not happy with the auto craddick form of government, but what we have been doing to them and other countries and i include north korea here, sanctions, starving the people, ruining their lives, i just think america has unfortunately become such a force for people in the world and then we fight to keep the inevitable refugees out of our country. we have a moral responsibility after invading their countries, occupying their countries, exploiting their resources, it is madness what is

going on and on top of the -- all of this, war contributes in an insanely huge way to climate change, bombing oil refineries, other sorts of artillery, the toxic nature of eight all. host: that is isabella, we showed you the president's tweet from a few minutes ago. also his secretary of state appearing on cnn talking about the decision to eliminate that iranian general. this is part of that interview. [video clip] >> you put out a statement that says the decision to illuminate general soleimani was in response to imminent threats by american lives. what was the nature of the imminent threats? >> i cannot talk too much about the nature of the threats, but the american people should know president trump's decision saved american lives.

he was plotting to take big action that would have put dozens, if not hundreds of american lives at risk. this was an intelligence based assessment that drove our decision-making process. hundreds of american lives on his hands, involved in the beirut bombings. he orchestrated an attack right here in washington, d.c. and it failed. he has put american lives at risk for a long time and last night was the time we needed to strike to make sure his attack was disrupted. host: a specific -- >> a specific target overseas? >> i am not going to say anything more about the nature of the attack, but this was not just in iraq, it was throughout the region using proxy forces he has manipulated to bring so much destruction throughout the region, this is a man who

created terribly destructive activities. all of the bad actors in the middle east. 202-748-8000 was there any -- >> was there and many -- any imminent threat to the u.s. homeland? cnn, mike pompeo on getting your reaction as we show reaction from around capitol hill and around the world to the u.s. air strike that killed the iranian general in iraq yesterday, here is a flavor of the reaction from capitol hill and this is the article from the wall street journal, party lines drawn on the air strike, here is a couple tweets to show you where those lines are, this is adam schiff saying soleimani rez but -- was responsible for unthinkable violence in the world is better off without him, but congress did not authorize and the american people did not want a war with iran. steps must be taken to protect our forces amongst the almost

inevitable escalation and increased risk, this is matt gaetz of florida, republican, saying president trump has shown amazing restraint, but he was clear if harm came to americans, he would respond with overwhelming force. the world is a better place without soleimani in it. this from senator lindsey graham, the republican head of the judiciary committee, the price of killing and injuring americans has gone up dramatically. so the money was one of the most ruthless and vicious members of the regime, he had american blood on his hands and one more from senator ed markey, a member of the senate foreign relations committee, democrat from massachusetts saying the asassination of soleimani is massive, deliberate escalation of conflict with iran. the president put the lives of every person in the region, u.s.

servicemembers and civilians at risk. we need to de-escalate now. we have 8 minutes left. we will return to this topic later in our program. if you don't get the call in the first hour, they will be more time later. shawn, republican, you are next. donald trumph "say be like al pacino, hello to my little friend." shawn in oregon. this is nathaniel in annapolis, maryland. caller: good morning, thanks for taking my call. this is this crazy thing that just happen. trump needs better advisors because his foreign-policy is to hire his friends. u.s. -- the u.s. is not

responsible for the world and there is no point in killing americans for the u.s.'s personal needs. congress never approved this and i think they went beyond their station and felt like making a decision without asking anyone and they really need to plan ahead before they do stupid stuff like this. host: carl out of massachusetts, you are next, good morning. caller: good morning. thank you for c-span. i cannot stand donald trump, but that is beside the point. i want to remind the other amocrats that if we had democratic president, he would do the same thing. war.parties love of they will argue, debate, fight over domestic issues tooth and nail, but when it comes to

foreign policy, they will all agree, all we are doing is creating enemies all over the world, we don't belong there and i like what that lady, i think her name was isabella, i turned it on late, i like what she said. it scares me, some of the ignorance -- so many ignorant people in america, it scares me. host: you said democrats would do the same thing, some response from democratic presidential candidates including elizabeth warren calling it a reckless move, bernie sanders calling it a dangerous escalation, the former vice president joe biden ays president trump tossed stick of dynamite into a tinderbox and o's the american the americans people an explanation. caller: i think bernie is different, but biden would do the same thing. warren, whichever way

the wind blows, she will speak that way. all your democrats -- i was a registered democrat my whole life, but obama would do the same thing, clinton -- they are all the same. when it comes to waging war and conflicts, they are all in agreement. host: that is carl in massachusetts. a few more comments, this from our text service, 202-748-8003, if you want to join us. in georgia saying trump created a martyr in a leader rightly admired by his people, another will replace him and use againsth to rouse anger americans. i hope this was a calculated decision. i may disagree with president

trump in so many ways, but he is our commander-in-chief at the end of the day, may he keep the values we hold true as americans and i will have faith. twitter feed and has written a check his butt cannot cash. it will get more innocent people killed. out of washington, d.c., good morning. caller: i would say for americans to read up on general butler. do notericans 60 to 70 know who that man was. he was the most highly decorated soldier. most americans don't know of him and he wrote a book. you have veterans who have a website called veterans today and if americans would look up what veterans have to say about

gore, most of the people you have calling in have never been in a war, but they put trump as their god. i have got to go. host: joe in d.c.. an independent, good morning. caller: when there is no alternative, acts of war are sometimes necessary to foster peace. if we had not used atomic bombs, the conflict would have resulted in the deaths of more servicemen. host: do you think there was no alternative here? caller: yes. host: why is that? caller: alternative to war, you mean? host: why do you think there is no alternative to the airstrike yesterday? thatr: i don't know about airstrike in particular, war in general. it is an inevitability with the current regime in place. host: louis in randall's town, maryland. one more tweet to show you, some reporting from out of london,

middle east eye is the network. 750 american soldiers arrived at the embassy in baghdad. this, the assassination the humanni violates rights law from the human official on extra additional killings. extraditialtor -- killings. time for maybe two more calls, colleen in california, a democrat. caller: good morning. my observation is one that i have impressed -- i am impressed secondly, my concern is not so

much reaction in the middle east , as the mentally disturbed lone actor here in america, as we have seen lone actors plant bombs, etc., or attempt problems -- attempt damage, terrorist activity, this kind of person who really can't be detected until they actually do something. and in terms of public worse response, theblic only public official that i would really like to hear from, because i value him so highly, would be that of colin powell. he's the only individual who i ael would be nonspeaking from partisan base, but from expertise. and i would love to hear his opinion. beyond that, i don't think we can know, if you look at the history of the world. we tend to slip and slide into

war, sometimes it is something dramatic, like pearl harbor. into itmes, we ease through odd situations like the assassination of a minor archduke that started world war i. thank you very much for your show. colleen will be our last caller in this first segment, we have plenty more to come today. we will return to this question, up next we will be joined by the national employment law project's laura huizar to discuss state and local efforts to raise the minimum wage. and later richard wang discusses the future of work and whether the u.s. should rethink the collegenal four year degree. we will be right back.

>> but tv is on every day, tonight, donald trump, jr. and his book, triggered. >> for me, unlike so many of those on the left exposing the incredible virtues of socialism, it's no longer a fringe element. they are out there. this is mainstream pop culture. and likeen come -- them, have experienced it, have been there. watch book tv on c-span2. normally there would be a team of helicopters, helping each other and supporting each other to make sure that they were safe. because there was no one else there, he made the decision immediately that he would rescue these men. landing zonethe area, and he hovered on the ground for four minutes, waiting for the reconnaissance team to arrive, which in a battle

condition is an attorney, it's a long time to be sitting vulnerable. he waited. the reconnaissance team arrived, injured, but safe. pulled thell helicopter above the tree line and radioed, i have everyone come on coming out. >> president and ceo the metropolitan museum of art, daniel weiss, on his book, in that time, by the life of michael o'donnell went missing in action during the vietnam war. sunday night on c-span's q&a. ♪ campaign 2020, watch our continuing coverage of the presidential candidates on the campaign trail and make up your own mind. watch our live coverage of the iowa caucuses on monday, february 3. c-span's campaign 2020, your unfiltered view of politics.

washington journal continues. project on minimum-wage laws in this country we are joined by laura huizar, before we get into minimum wage, please understand -- least tell viewers what the national employment law project us. guest: we are a nonprofit organization, nonpolitical organization, we focus on the rights and needs of low-wage workers around the country. i focus large and minimum wage issues. minimum wage?ly guest: we address all kinds of issues, classification, wage theft, the enforcement of labor standards, independent contractor issues, all kinds of things that low-wage workers are facing. topic,inimum wage is the 24 states will have raise them of this laws by the end

year, that's a record number states, why is that happening? guest: it's not just 24 states but 48 cities and counties as well. we are seeing raises that the state and local level. historic number of increases in part because we have seen the fight for 15, the fight for higher wages since 2012. workers came out on strike back in november of 2012, making the case for why the current minimum wage was not enough. i think that argument continues to resonate with more and more workers, and it's becoming harder for workers to afford to live on lower wages than 15. host: the current minimum wage is seven dollars three five cents and has not been raised since july of 2009. we see the minimum wage raises over time, you are talking about the fight for 15, or any of the states raising their minimum wages close to that $15 an hour

number? guest: a number of them are getting to it. new york passed a statewide beingm-wage law that phased in gradually, they all are, new york city will be the first part of the state to reach 15 this year. they just got to 15. california and other states are moving up to $15 as well. we have also had ballot measures approved with overwhelming support by voters in other states, those wages are moving up from $12 to 13 something and above. a number of states are making headways. host: why $15 an hour? that theck in 2012 number that resonated with workers, a number that would help them be self-sufficient and really get enough from working to support themselves and their families. $15 an hour is about $30,000 a year.

out enough for a single worker in most parts of the country to make ends meet. when you're talking about workers with families, you need even more. $15 is really a starting point for the conversation, and it's a number i think has garnered a large amount of consensus and we are seeing the push. senioraura huizar is the staff attorney at the national employment law project, you can find them online at if you want to join the discussion the phone numbers are split up. (202)m wage earners at 748-8000, business owners at (202) 748-8001, all others at (202) 748-8002. we will have this conversation until about 8:45. as folks are calling in, laura huizar, the wages we are talking about, the 24 states, they vary pretty widely, florida raising from $8.56 --

$8.46 an hour to eight dollars $.56 an hour to washington state raising it $1.50. rightt comes to what the minimum wages for a state, how is that determined? guest: it's really up to folks in the states, and workers to push for a wage level that makes sense for them. we see incredible high cost of living in some parts of the country, d.c. is one of those places with a very high cost of living. folks have pushed and won for a $15 minimum wage. in many ways it's up for folks in those states, but it's important to note that we need a better baseline for everyone. right now we have 21 states stuck at the seven dollars three five cents federal level, that's not enough for anybody in the country to make ends meet.

we need a higher baseline, and states have always had the right to go beyond that. host: a story in the washington post about the minimum-wage debate in this country. that story noting that the trump white house, and washington policymakers, have touted that the type labor -- the tight labor market is a main engine driving gains for the working class and in the end higher wages. of presidentrector trump's economic counsel as well as others asserted that the president's tax cuts paved the way for rising wages for those in lower paying jobs. do you agree? guest: i think we are seeing wages across-the-board riser little bit. we are seeing a tighter labor market, we are seeing some low numbers of unemployment relative to other decades in many ways. but we are still seeing many workers fall under that $15

minimum wage. so even though some workers are now above that 725 rate -- $7.25 rate, many making eight dollars to descents in our is still not enough. $8.50 an hour is not enough. it helps businesses compete on in even playing field and we see businesses wanting to pay more, they want to treat their workers fairly, and having a baseline for everyone helps them do that. ont: those are the stats your screen from the bureau of labor statistics on workers pay and the federal minimum wage in 2018. about half of them were under 25 years old. talk about who is impacted the most by minimal wage? jack's,he raise the way the federal bill that passed -- passedse the wage act last year, raising the minimum wage to $15 by 2025, 30 million

, 33.5s would be impacted million and 30 million of those are age 20 and older. workers who are making these lower wages are not really the teenager that a lot of us for years have had in mind. it's not the teenager working at the fast food restaurant. it's a huge portion of the of americanh 40% workers making under $15 an hour. it's really not only young workers, it's folks with families, older workers, folks who can't hire because they still need -- retire because any retirement savings. you folks, chat with bill, on the line for minimum wage earners, what is minimum-wage for you in syracuse? it's $12 anlieve

hour, i don't have the figure in front of me. host: what kind of work do you do? caller: i am retired, i had insurance claims examining. host: what is your question or comment? would this much affect inflation? how much would the hamburger at mcdonald's cost if the wage went up to $15 an hour? guest: that's a question we see a lot. when new york and california both moved to approve their $15 minimum wage bill, there were studies done by the university of california and economists there. they used all of their sophisticated models to estimate not just the wage impact on workers, but to try to predict the kind of inflation that we would see in the states, or any kind of price increase as a result of the wage raises.

overall, they do not find significant increases in inflation or the cost of goods. there may be some marginal increases, and it may depend on the type of industry we are looking at. but overall, most of the economists we have worked with and economists out there agree that you can wage -- raise the rate without significant impact on inflation or the cost of goods. host: new york is one of the states raising its minimum-wage this year, getting in under the wire on december 31 of 2020, $12.50, butp to there are some parts of new york where it will be $15 an hour. guest: new york city is at $15 an hour as of december 1, from 2019. and the rest of the state i think will see continued increase in wages. over time, we could see a push

for 15 statewide in new york, and above that. host: gabe, out of college station, texas, gabe, what kind of business do you own? caller: [indiscernible] host: what are your thoughts on a $15 minimum-wage question mark caller: it's ridiculous. in 2009 the minimum wage was increased by 14% each year, a 42% gain. they said these poor people have all this money now, let's put them in housing, that began the great recession. there's no correlation between having a minimum wage in an apartment, that's an imaginary line that union straw. i don't think there should be a minimum wage at all. that's all like to say about that. i do understand the pressures that small business

owners face, i'm the daughter of small business owners and have seen how hard it is to meet rising cost across-the-board. and do acknowledge that respect that the challenges are real and they are significant. but will we do see, even back in 1968 when the minimum-wage was at each level then, if you would just adjust for inflation the federal minim wage would be at at least $12 today, that does not account for the increases in productivity that have happened in those decades. are in an many ways different and worse situation than they were back in 1968. and we were able to have that higher level for workers back then and have it help the economy in successful ways. i think there are ways to set a minimum that allows workers to get closer to being able to

survive. to being able to put food on the table and not rely on government assistance, which most people don't want to do. most people want to go to work and provide for their families. and without a baseline that accounts for the cost of living, it's incredibly hard for folks to do that. host: what business did your barons run? guest: they had a tour operating company in orlando. host: what was their view about wages for employees? guest: they understood, especially working in a very small company, they understood the challenges that workers face. paying for school, clothing, the higher cost of housing in the area. they tried their best to raise wages as time went by, to do what they could for workers, but they were also facing steep competition from other large companies, especially in a place like orlando.

disney, universal, other companies are taking over a lot of those things that small business owners used to do. host: have you had a conversation with them about $15 an hour as a minimum wage? guest: i have, it comes up a lot in our conversation as i've been doing this for a of years, they are proud of the work i do in some ways, i think they understand we need a higher base level for more workers around the country. it would have allowed them, and other small business friends in that community to do better. host: they are on board? guest: they are, and hopefully florida will see a ballot initiative to raise the states minimum-wage gradually to $15 an hour. they are excited to vote for that as former small business owners. i think we see all kinds of opinions across-the-board, small business owners in different states are pushing forward. host: to troy, new york, this is

lloyd. caller: i have to contradict the guy who just called and said the last min wage increase because of housing crisis. this is the nonsense you get from the right wing economists. it's really crazy. unemploymentnow, at its lowest level in 50 years, and states still have to step up to raise the minimum wage. doesn't anybody understand supply and demand? there are more jobs out there than ever before, and people still can't get a decent wage. unemployment at its lowest level the rate of and growth of the economy is below average. people make up the economy. people spend money. businesses invest, they don't spend. if average americans can't afford anything, there's no growth.

lowest rate of unemployment in 50 years, and the economy is still below average growth. host: that's lloyd this morning. guest: it's important to emphasize that, even though we are seeing economic growth in different ways in this country, most folks are still struggling to get by. most folks are still feeling intense insecurity when it comes to their economic situation. most folks don't have more than $400 saved up for emergencies. in the minimum wage is not going to solve all of our issues. it will not solve poverty. but it will set a baseline that more accurately reflects what workers need. and i think it's important to note that small businesses, in many ways, have a lot to gain from minim wage increases. it gives workers and their communities more money to then

-- to spend in small businesses. more money is circulating as opposed to being stashed away, or stored in stock options. things that are not moving on a day-to-day basis in our communities. host: that last caller was advocating for a federal minimum wage hike, you mention a raise act, where does that stand in terms of getting support? guest: raise the wage was passed last year, the house passed it with 233 votes, including three republicans. it's now up to the senate to figure out what they want to do about that. there was overwhelming support, a majority of u.s. voters support a gradual increase to $15. hopefully we will see members in the senate take it up seriously. host: congressman rick allen was one of those who voted no when the raise act was in the house.

a former construction company owner from georgia, here's what he had to say during the debate. [video clip] for think it's laughable anybody in this house to say that the government is going to raise your wages. the government doesn't raise wages. , is the government does provide an environment for businesses to raise wages. that's where the decision should be. it's laughable to me that members of congress actually believe that they are going to ways the rages -- raise the wages of people in this country by this legislation. the congressional budget office released a report saying that almost 4 million jobs could be lost if this legislation were implemented. i remind my colleagues that we had an eight year war on business. in 2016 we set the wars over. america is open for business. with georgia being the number one state to do business and for the past six years, this

damaging federal mandate would reverse all of the great work our state has done to grow jobs and the economy. we are getting it done in georgia, but i don't want marilyn to determine what georgia will do or seattle. as a businessman, i know our economy is about supply and demand and with more job openings then jobseekers, wages will go up. you have to pay more to keep talent. it is supply and demand. in 2018, salaries and saw the largest increase in more than a decade thanks to the economic .nvironment of president trump host: what you want to respond to? guest: first i would respond by saying, and most of us know this, we didn't always have a minimum wage. it was established back in the 1930's at a time when children were going to work for meager wages. not going to school. when folks were working in

sweatshops around the country. when employers were paying starvation wages because in many ways they could. we have always seen the same tensions around what employers prioritize, large companies especially, and what workers need to thrive, not just to survive. the minimum wage was established back in the 1930's to help resolve some of those issues. it accompanied some of the greatest growth this country had seen. and it reached its peak level back in 1968. we have been able to establish a baseline for workers that helps with those situations which we no longer morally except in this thisry -- accept in country. that's important background to remember. host: how should we understand which economic projections are

right question mark we are the congressmen there talk about a report on 4 million jobs lost if the minimum-wage was raised as the raise act is looking forward to. you are saying this would have a positive economic impact. know, the new now conventional wisdom around the minimum-wage is that you can raise wages as we have done so historically without impacting employment in negative ways, at least in any significant way. we have study after study, meta-studies looking at studies of studies that have been done. the new consensus really is overwhelmingly that you can raise the minimum wage, set a higher baseline, and put more money in the pockets of workers without harming businesses. host: is there a formula for doing that? a gradual increase? what would happen if we jumped tomorrow $15 an hour? it graduallye done

and that is what has been studied. when we say you can raise wages without impacting employment significantly it is through gradual increases. when we look at the raise the wage act being considered federally, economists have looked at that and they looked at the phase and schedule for that bill and determined that over 30 million workers would see a higher wage increase. the projections around the job losses very depending upon who you ask. there was a cdo, congressional budget that did put job loss jobs.s in the 1.7 million others disagree. i think the cbo numbers made assumptions that others would not. there are disagreements, but overall when you look at the big picture and you see that the increase could lead to 33 million workers plus getting a

a fewncrease, and perhaps reductions in hours, the net effect makes it an incredibly successful policy. ownerlance is a business in st. petersburg, florida, if you had to pay your employees $15 an hour tomorrow is a minimum wage, how would it impact you? i think the whole minimum-wage thing, raising it, is a hoax on the american people. i'm in the transportation business, we do about a million dollars a year. if you go to any of these states that have raised minimum-wage, like oregon, california, washington, you are going to pay, as i did a month ago, $16 for two eggs and two strips of bacon and one piece of toast. that is what happens with these

economies. the minute you start enforcing minimum-wage like that. she says her parents are business owners? that shel by her voice was being disingenuous when talking to her parents about the minimum-wage and what it would do to workers, the cost, and the environment people live in. host: and what would the argument you would have made then come if you were in on that conversation? caller: if you have a worker that you're paying minimum-wage to, and you double that, bring it up to -- let's say they were making eight dollars an hour, and you bring it up to 15, you are going to have to double all of your prices, for your product. it is simple math. anybody can take a calculator into it. but all of these people lying about how people -- yes, they will get an increase in wages, or lose their job, or go to

part-time, so business owners on able to save money unemployment taxes, and everything else that they have to pay with these workers. this is everything about this whole issue is absolutely a hoax on the american people. it's important to underscore that nobody is proposing going from eight dollars to $15 overnight. the places where we have seen minimum-wage increases have seen very gradual movement up to that $15 number. most states are not there. in those places are responding to high cost of living that are workers andng communities. housing is incredibly expensive in many parts of this country, food, transportation, and in some ways, workers are saying we understand this is the environment we live in, and we are working hard and we need to

be able to work hard and afford a very basic standard of living. and the fight for $15, and a call for a $15 minimum-wage is an effort to guarantee a baseline of security for workers. but nobody is proposing an overnight increase. and the gradual phase in. allows a small businesses to adjust gradually. they face not just increased consumer spending in their communities and across the but theyotentially, also benefit from a reduction in turnover cost. there's been a lot of research on that and how expensive it is for workers to be constantly moving from job to job looking for the $.10 increase or the $.50 increase. there's a lot of benefits for small business owners and the research tells us they have been able to adapt. it takes time and there are challenges but it has been done.

host: the raise the wage act wouldwas passed in july take place over the course of six years for that to be implemented. robert, from michigan, has a question through text. what about the wave of automation? all of these things that will eliminate even the minimum-wage jobs in the service jobs? guest: the minimum-wage is going up gradually. it will not solve every problem that workers are facing and it will not solve all of the challenges coming up because of automation. it will not solve misclassification or wage theft issues. it is one piece of a complicated puzzle and an effort to make things better. it's not a one-shot solution. but it has been proven to make a difference.

when it comes to automation, we are seeing some changes, in many ways they are gradual. raising the minimum wage to a slightly more livable wage today is not going to happen at the same time that all jobs disappear. both are happening in gradual ways and workers are fighting for what they need today. host: this is ron, a minimum wage earner. what is minimum-wage in virginia? $7.25, i'm also a small business owner in construction, i have ideas to think out-of-the-box. at's take anyone making hundred $5,000 a year, make it tax-free for them. employers don't have to pay the payroll tax or deal with any of that. businesses a break on the stuff that they are paying out and that's one idea. the other thing is we need to put systems in place for businesses to educate.

allow them to get better training. trump gave a lot of tax benefits and there should have been some strings attached. those are the ways we should be thinking, instead of just raising the minimum wage, you would have a $12 hamburger and it doesn't work. it lowers the middle-class standard of living and raises a little bit but in six months they are back to where they started from, we need to start thinking out-of-the-box and come up with these ideas that will help increase the salary through not being taxed and give businesses a break, and soo we need education employees can do more and learn. that's all i have to say about it. if you have any thoughts on that let me know. agree that the minimum-wage is just one piece of a big puzzle. and we do need to think outside of the box, and we need better

and more ambitious policies and proposals to make life better for workers and for small business owners. and others forcibly trying to make ends meet and do something positive. i do agree with that, and training is and should be a bigger part of the policy package that we are thinking about. but i think when we talk about the minimum-wage, it is simply setting a baseline. it's important to note that even a $15 minimum wage, assuming we get there in a number of years, is already not going to be enough for a lot of families. folks who have kids, two children and parents to support, $15 is not going to be enough. and you will need other policies in place to help them make ends meet and provide for themselves. but we should look at the research that is out there.

, we can saymingly that you can raise the minimum wage without hurting employment in any significant way, and we have not seen dramatic increases in prices for things like hamburgers or food. there is some evidence i think that is comforting in that small business owners and others can look at this and say folks are ,oing this, they are adapting it is perhaps worth a try. it is also something policymakers can evaluate. you can scale back changes if things happen. but the research tells us we can do it. host: another minimum-wage earner, jenkins, what do you do? retired, i'm originally from mississippi. in the 1930's i worked for a dollar a day. in the 1940's i worked for $.50 tohour and i would listen

represent of alan -- the ideaative allen, that you should be paid for your value, and that's what they will pay you, but i was blessed to be able to work a job cleaning bathrooms and everything. , withtired in georgia now 80 some thousand dollars a year, that's more than state troopers in georgia make. an hour,eople make $15 pay rent, food, and purchase a car? story,that's an amazing and good to keep in mind, it takes a lot of hard work for everybody to make ends meet. minimum-wage, a dollar something back in 1968,

it was a little more than that, if it had kept pace with inflation, we would be at a $12 minimum wage based on that. i think workers are out there, wanting to be able to make a decent living working full time, putting in the hours. and folks want to be able to retire in a comfortable and dignified way. we are in a position right now where wages are so low that more and more people are unable to get there. this is one piece of the puzzle, but it has historically helped us set a baseline that helps more workers get closer to being able to fill up a fridge with food and pay for rent. host: what would you say to lori, who asked what would happen to people who are already making $15 an hour? college degrees making 15 an hour now, will they get $30 an

hour? what does that look like? guest: there is some research that tells us that we -- when you raise the minimum wage, there is an upward impact. i'm certainly still trying to understand what the research tells us and historically what has happened, but there is upward movement on wages. the research so far tells us that upward movement, along with a base increase has been ok. it helps us put more money into workers pockets without significantly harming employment. beach, florida, william is a business owner. are you with us? caller: yes. i was in the restaurant business. host: what your take on a $15 and our minimum wage. caller: i had 60 employees, 59

were partners. cameras, in one week they were all destroyed, they meant -- they never mention the fact that the employer has to pay taxes on these wages. the unemployment tax, social security, worker's comp.. you have to add almost 20% to the men men wage -- to the minimum-wage, that's very difficult for an employer. as far as food costs are concerned, if an employee takes a soda, or a couple of shrimp, that doubles the cost of his food. so i don't know where they are getting -- i had to get out of business because i could not take it anymore. i think i understand the challenges in some ways that small businesses are facing. it is hard to raise wages and keep up with all kinds of

increased costs for small businesses. and it is hard to compete with the large folks out there which are driving wages down. but i think we do have a lot of research at this point showing that when you do it gradually, businesses have been able to adapt. impacts, positive especially for small business owners and communities where workers will be able to spend more money. there are the turnover savings as well. we know the cost of small business and businesses generally, it cost about 1/5 of a worker's annual salary to replace that worker. when wages are low we see turnover rates above 50% in some industries. above 70% in others. keeping those turnover rates lower, and putting more money in

pockets of workers around the significantbring positive effects for small business owners and others, so they can deal with the full scope of the effects. host: one last call from baltimore, maryland. another business owner. good morning. have a finance consulting business. , the misconception that we are speaking about minimum-wage is furious. it really is the communist standard wage. if you go to russia, you will find plumbers and garbage widest ointment of workers making a standard ofe -- wide assortment

workers making a standard wage. the minimum-wage content means nothing, in the food industry it leads to automation so fewer jobs. it doesn't really reflect what start in ay to business and expand your capability so you become more valuable to the business than the amount of money you are making. host: i will give you the final minutes. guest: this brings up for me the fact that at this point, about 40% of workers in this country make under $15 an hour. these are, today, no longer starting jobs. these are not a first job at a fast food franchise. we are seeing home care workers, folks taking care of our parents , those who need help at home,

workers, food service all kinds of industries paying low wages that are keeping entire families and communities from being able to afford the basics. we have had a minimum-wage since the 1930's, we've seen that it can provide a base level of while still workers allowing companies to adjust their pay scale based on other factors. wages can go up. workers can move along the latter, especially with training from employers. but the minimum-wage is there to make sure that at a minimum, if you're working 40 hours a week in this country, you can afford ideally to pay for your own housing, so you are not relying on government assistance

. it's a way to ensure some baseline economic security and independence and freedom for laura huizarhost: is a staff attorney at the national employment law project if you want to check out their work, we appreciate your time. up next, we will return to the topic we began our program with this morning, the u.s. air strike yesterday, killing a top iranian commander when he was in iraq. the phone numbers on your screen, for democrats (202) 748-8000, for republicans (202) 748-8001, for independents (202) 748-8002. you can call in now and share your reaction to that strike. and we will show you secretary of state mike pompeo from earlier this morning on cnn, talking about the iranian response in the world's reaction to that airstrike. [video clip] >> we have anticipated a wide range of responses, we have done our level best under the

guidance of the president to prepare for those possibilities. we hope the actual responses that the iraqi people will do what they have been doing for months, demanding that the government give them prosperity and sovereignty. we have washed the protests, they were not burning american flags, they were demanding that political leadership stop the kleptocracy, the political shenanigans, and this man was at the center of that, he was driving outcomes for the iraqi people, causing many muslims to be killed. there was dancing in the streets in parts of iraq. we have expectations that people in iraq and iran will view the american action is giving them freedom to have opportunity for success and prosperity for their nation. while the political leadership may not want that, the people will demand it. >> so far on the streets of tehran we have seen pictures and large-scalerts of anti-american demonstrations,

following the death in iran. following the death. we have heard from iraqi leaders , condemning the u.s. action. we have heard from a french official this morning, putting out a statement saying that the following thesafe killing of the general. nobody is saying that he was a good actor, he is a bad actor. but they are suggesting the destabilization will create a threatening environment. so when you hear that the world is a less safe place, how do you respond? >> the french are just wrong. the world is a much safer place today. i can assure you that americans in the region are much safer after the demise of this man. as for the protests you have described, there is no doubt, the theocracy, the kleptocracy of iran will continue to try to put down uprisings from the people. they have jailed thousands,

killing hundreds. it would not surprise me if they continue to do that. but the iranian people understand that america is a force for good. and i am convinced that the support we have provided and the support we will continue to provide in iraq will protect american interests and make lives better for those people as well. host: that was the secretary of state on cnn this morning. we are spending the next half-hour of the washington journal continuing to get your reaction to that news, as well as bring your reaction from around the world and across capitol hill to that airstrike that took place near the baghdad airport, according to some of the latest reporting. members on capitol hill not getting notice before hand. this is robert costa saying that the speaker the house spoke to mark esper, the secretary of defense after the strike, with no advance notification given, as she indicated in her statement, the call with the secretary of defense lasted 13

minutes, also reporting from the washington post, this is josh the u.s.ying government was given intelligence at the iranian militia was planning to kidnap americans in iraq, which is why the state department ordered u.s. citizens to leave immediately, with that order coming from the u.s. embassy yesterday, urging americans to leave the country, whether it's through air or by land to get out of iraq. from one of the middle eastern papers in the region, this reported to be what remained after the airstrike that took place according to the new york times, there was a drone that fired missiles into the convoy, which killed some amani -- which killed the senior iranian commander along with several others. we are getting your reaction as

we show you pictures of the late general. carrie is in mount vernon, new york, a democrat. good morning. night, i heard this last very scary. i just hope that our government, we are so divided, it's even scarier that we won't come to a meeting of the minds on how to handle this. i just hope our country can come together now, because we have been threatened so long by the iranians. this is disturbing. host: republicans coming together to support the president and his decision to launch this drone strike. the statement from the pentagon noting at the beginning of that statement that the strike came at the direction of the president. this is kevin mccarthy, the republican leader in the house saying he was a terrorist and president trump and our brave

servicemembers remind iran in the world that we will not let attacks against americans go unpunished. cotton saidrom tom that he masterminded the reign of terror in iran for decades, including the death of americans and tonight he got what he deserved. and those american soldiers who died by his hand got what they deserved, justice. ,ne more tweet from liz cheney he was an evil and deadly terrorist with the blood of thousands including hundreds of americans, the president was right to order decisive action to defend american lives and interests. some republican reaction from capitol hill. leroy is a republican in canton, ohio. reaction is --, when they were in iran and iraq, they

should have told him not to back off, just to level the damn place and get it over with. that's the way it should be. you go into a war, you go to a war to end things, you don't start something and back off of it. host: are we going into a war right now? are.r: i wouldn't say we in a way, they are scared of what happened in the first place. but if we go in there this time, there would be no backing out. level it and get it over with. that's the way war goes. this that's leroy in ohio, is joe, a democrat. good morning. caller: hello? i'm calling to make a comment about trump. the trying to detract from impeachment by getting us into a war by iran. we should not be there, we

should have withdrawn from iraq a long time ago. host: anything else? caller: yes, i would also like to make a comment that trump is a master of deflection and will do anything he can to take the onus off of him and all of his wrongdoings, and trying to get other people involved in causing trouble where we don't even belong. we should have gone out of the middle east a long time ago. host: another tweet on this topic of who knew about the strike before it took place. news,s alan of cbs capitol hill reporter, noting lindsey graham on fox news, quoting him as saying i was briefed about the potential operation when i was down in florida, that's what the senator told fox news. i appreciate being brought into the orbit and i appreciate president trump letting the world know you cannot kill an american with impunity.

next, an independent in california, good morning. caller: thank you for taking my call. a few points i want to make. i don't know why the american people have not been addressed about any of this at all by our president, but he can tweet, that's crazy. only people who tweet are informed. i remember back from world war waramerican never went into or attacked another person or country unless there was an adamant threat to our country and we were defending our country. all the good points from callers prior, so far. it makes perfect sense, they all made sense, all of them. i don't know what will happen but thank you for taking my call. host: we heard from the secretary of state on cnn, also

making statements on twitter. president trump with two tweets from his account since the strike took place. the first came after 9:30 last night. just a picture of the american flag. the president following up this morning with a tweet saying iran never won a war, but never lost a negotiation. we will let you know if we hear more from the president. this is rick, in akron, ohio, a republican. back when we liberated iraq, with the killing of saddam hussein, it has taken years to see this. and the american people don't need to be fooled by the protests against the americans we see on tv, because that's also led by the iranians. it's an unstable country, we know that, there's a lot of

terrorists in that area. we are doing the right thing. think it's a great thing to protect american people. ridge,ike, and chicago illinois, a democrat. >> this seems to be the most reckless act of american foreign policy. the most important factor ,or defeating isis [indiscernible] all the american soldiers and diplomats will be in danger for [indiscernible] the caller making some of the same points as iran's

foreign minister last night at 11:00. the foreign minister saying the u.s. is active international terrorism, targeting and assassinating the general, the most effective force fighting isis and al qaeda is a dangerous and foolish escalation. the u.s. bears responsibility for its rogue adventurism. good morning. caller: good morning. the attack on the general may be justified, but the problem is you cannot trust what the trump administration puts out. they will say anything they need to to sell their point. 1 -- host: so where do we go if you cannot trust the administration -- caller: that's the problem. it could be justified, but you can't trust with the ministration says.

if this -- the administration says. if this guy was a danger to americans and if it was imminent, you cannot trust what they say. it could be justified. but when they say it among the other things they have said in the past and the things that you have -- that they have done -- host: who would you trust? caller: i can't trust the ministration, they lie and misrepresent -- the administration. what about john bolton, former member of the administration? and the former ambassador? a tweet thisad morning saying congratulations to all involved in eliminating him, this was a decisive blow against iran, i hope this is the first step to regime change in tehran.

that still doesn't mean that he was in imminent danger. the guy who was the enemy of the united states but we don't kill everyone because they are an enemy of the united states. you don't go out there around the world and take out people -- are we going to attack venezuela because they are an enemy of the united states or a potential danger? host: here's a little more about the general from the profile piece in today's new york times, the general, and once shadowy figure who enjoyed celebrity like status among the hard-line conservatives in iran was a figure of intense interest to those inside and outside the country. not just that he was in charge of the intelligence gathering and covert military operations, he was regarded as one of the most cunning and autonomous military figures. close tolieved to be

the supreme leader and seen as a potential future leader of iran. he was 62 years old when he died yesterday, and in charge of the special forces unit in the revolutionary guard that undertakes missions and other countries. he was named the lead of that group in the 1990's. they write that in that role he was believed to be the general unite iranian strategy in syria and elsewhere, he was considered the most effective military intelligence asset in the region. he died yesterday outside of the baghdad airport. tj, a democrat, your next area caller: -- you are next. caller: i think he did the right attacked basically are . i remember being attacked in 2000 with our navy ships, we did not do too much when that happened.

.e tried to downplay that i think he did the right thing. and i'm a democrat. americans, i don't know. to me, that's the right thing to do. california. tj in this is daniel, and california, republican. thank you for taking my call. as a republican, i tend to support military action and strong government involvement. i support the concept of a strong leader like the united states and the world having some influence. but last i checked, we are not in a state of war with iran. so i think just in general, as americans, we have to be

cautious with the concept of that wasn't just a general. there were other innocent individuals involved. this is a country fit supports due process and we require that of our allies and we push for that to occur in states and countries such as russia and iran itself. we are not practicing what we preach and we sanction going out and assassinating individuals we view as a threat and we are not in a war. i don't understand the justification. host: this is the justification from the president from a view minutes ago. i will read it so we can get

your response. he has killed thousands of americans over time and was plotting to kill many more. he was indirectly responsible for the death of millions of people, including the large number of protesters killed in iran itself. he was hated and feared within the country. they are not nearly as saddened as the leaders will let the outside world believe. caller: can i respond to that? this is the problem with that logic. how many individual leaders do we view as threats to other justify, china, russia, deciding this person is a threat from another government , it's the responsibility of them, if that's the measure by

which we justify assassination, what is stopping people from viewing our leaders as that type of threat? isn't that why we have international systems like the united nations and nato and nato another alliances with other countries? this was not a joint effort. this was somebody in washington deciding that another man on the planet deserved to die and was going to die. along with other innocent individuals he happened to have been surrounded by. i find it hard as an american to justify assassination when we are not in a state of war. if the threat is that imminent, why isn't there official action to declare war or the involvement of a joint alliance? one of those who was also

killed in the strike was the deputy commander of the iranian militia in iraq known as the popular mobilization force is in the strike. others were killed in the strike. this is from reaction in iraq and around the world. responding to the attack, the prime minister said washington violated a deal to keep troops in the country. israel put its army on high alert. britain, france, germany voice concerns about an escalation. say they goes on to iranian supreme leader said harsh revenge awaits the criminal who killed him. his death was against the united states and israel. in a statement, he called for three days of national mourning.

now is in north carolina. you are next. caller: i have a question. it was a droneit strike. i read conflicting reports this morning. host: what i can give you is let's being reported in the new york times. the new york times had it as a drone that fired the missile into that convoy that was leaving the airport. caller: this morning when i read the report, they saw a knee,icant wound to his -- host: we will go to akron ohio. caller: the piece movement in the united states has been silence.

killing in war is also murder. host: mark is in washington dc. good morning. forer: i think the standard eminent self-defense is the threat must be necessary and it must be immediate. we are looking at the limitations and calling these acts self defense, bombing individuals without proof of having been harmed in the first place. many of the callers are referencing something that is duly noted. president --gerous precedent giving the allies to iran. in the past, china has spoken

action thatspective the u.s. considered. said, i'm inng support of our actions. we don't know what intelligence the president had. interest.olitical unless you are part of the intelligence community, i don't think they can make any comment. host: now that the strike happened, should the president let the people know what intelligence he based this action on? we lost the color. this is steve in missouri. good morning. host: good morning. thank you for taking my call. i think the strike was justified. the problem i have is we don't trust trump.

what is he going to do next? there are certain things. i blame it on obama. done,upid deal that he they've got missiles now. that could very well happen. it could escalate. he does need to consult with congress. fine -- firings missiles all over the place. there is a lot of blame to go around. i don't feel sorry for this general. good riddance to him. i appreciate you taking my call. what thiserms of attack was based on, i will just read it.

the statement says that the direction of the president, the military has taken defensive action to protect personnel abroad. he was developing plans to attack american diplomats and servicemembers in iraq and throughout the region. they were responsible for the deaths of hundreds of americans and servicemembers and wounding thousands more. onorchestrated attacks several months. the general approved the attacks on the u.s. embassy in baghdad the took place this week. the united states will take protecty action to people and our interests around the world. --t is from the secretary

from the pentagon late last night. a few more tweaks to go through, .ncluding senator rand paul the question is whether the andssination will expand endanger the lives of every american soldier or diplomat in the middle east. didconstitution dictates we claire war. a war without congressional recipe for no a clear mission for our soldiers in the armed services. that was senator rand paul this morning. this is russell in massachusetts. good morning. caller: good morning. i just wanted to keep the people informed of prior things with this president. as we know with the impeachment, the reality is he listens to

know other intelligence. i don't care if it was central intelligence. president has an ego to prove to other countries. this, why is this intelligence different than any followednce he's not since taking office? the intelligence is no difference now then what he is gotten. why is he acting on this with just iran? that is russell in massachusetts. this is kevin in ohio. good morning. paulr: i agree with rand and i'm a communist. to bush andck cheney. ironic they would

support this. father that went into iraq in the first place. looking at the situation. when was the last time an iranian killed an american in the continental u.s.? when was the last time saudi's did it and that was 2001. we are not attacking their people. iran has been involved in iraq for thousands of years. they are jockeying for position in the region. are terrorists. region fromved in a

where our interests lies. this ase are looking at killing americans in the middle east. these are americans who should not be there in the first place. now we have to be there. bewe leave, there will problem's all over the place. this is a bush thing. it goes back to the congress giving bush power to invade iraq. host: that was kevin in ohio. topic,ent poll on the this is from gallup from july. the question asked, what do you think the united states should do to get iran to shoot down its new -- shut down its nuclear

program. back then in july, the answer, 78 percent of u.s. adults said the united states should rely on economic and diplomatic efforts. when it was broken down by party, 25% of republicans said the u.s. should take military action. is been in virginia. good morning. caller: good morning. think it'sis i ridiculous to hear these peons second-guessing the president. it's not a country club. it's about time we finished it. world war ii was over in four years. it's got to come to an end. i am in favor of everything he

does. i hope he rips them a new one. ast: a few tweets, this from ro khanna. reaction, every member of congress who voted for the authorization act, a blank check , can't express dismay that trump may have launched another war in the middle east. stripped and was it would've cut off money for any offensive attack against iran, including officials. 2002, congress gave president bush the power to go to war in iraq. a videoon to tweet out of himself on the house floor amid the debate about the national debate -- defense authorization act.

this is the video he sent out. >> i rise in strong opposition to this defense authorization. there are many things you can call a bill that is orwellian. left, thedent obama defense budget was $618 billion. his defense budget is $120 billion more than what president obama left us with. that is free public college for every american. it could fund high-speed internet for every american. bipartisan commission to stop the war in yemen a stripped by the white house. the amendment to stop the war in iran is stripped by the white house. theprovision for repealing george w. bush authorization for the war in iraq which is sending

our troops overseas is stripped by the white house. we can't just give standing ovations with what the president stop endless wars. it wasn't just george w. bush who created the biggest blunder of the 21st century, it was the abdication of this body with many members of congress who voted with him. when are we going to listen to the american people? dutyare we going to do our and stop funding these endless wars and start funding our domestic priorities? host: that was congressman ro khanna from his twitter page late last night. calls. a couple of more the strike kill the top iranian commander. alex, good morning. old.r: i am 22 years

we have grown up with the war on terror. wheree had so many times a young person has died in these wars overseas. i just want to say to the young people, we are not going to fight this war. fighting for health care and working with the rest of the world to find a common enemy of climate change instead of waging these imperial wars. host: why do you say young people won't fight these wars? we lost alex. this is jeanette in washington dc. caller: good morning. i kind of agree with some of the earlier comments, especially the cheney and bolton, this is like deja vu all over again. this is baked into the cake already.

it also proves that we have been a failure in iraq the whole time. if this is what we are having to do all over again, we have messed this up and we are not learning anything. the iranian agreement, we had an agreement with them. today, this is where we are. of people having nuclear weapons in the middle east, a lot of countries do. to findto spy on israel they were building nuclear weapons. this is completely out of control and we are not focusing on what the real dangers are. we are creating dangers in other areas. i feel the american people are being cheated by not having a president that tells them this is what is happening and what we're doing.

there are so many people that can't believe that government anymore. that's where we are right now. some people don't believe what's going on. we are in the dark. host: that was our last caller in this segment. we will have more this morning, up next we will be joined by richard wang to discuss the future of work and if we should rethink a four-year college degree program. stick around. we'll be right back. >> this week, american history tv on c-span3 with features each night. anniversary ofth the battle of the balls. hitler's attack allied forces. watch american history tv this week and every weekend on c-span three.

>> live campaign 20 coverage continues today at 1:00 eastern. sanders is in i would. at 5:00, president trump launches the evangelicals for trump coalition. 5:30, amy klobuchar is in cedar rapids. saturday, former vice president joe biden is in iowa. steyer is in wahoo, iowa. watch online or listen on the free c-span radio app. >> washington journal continues. wang joins us from seattle for discussion on the future of work and the skills gap. ceo of theb is as

coding dojo. explain what you do. i have an organization that provides tech training for no one with any background. we train them for three months and get them ready. after coming out of our program, they will be ready to be, software developer working in the tech sector. host: you write a column for forbes technology. what recent columns, you talked about a skills gap in the country and how apprentice programs might be a way to bridge that gap. explain what it is. in the fourth industrial revolution. we are looking at virtual robotics.ioscience,

everything underneath the slayer powering the economy. students coming out of four-year college, they are not getting trained on essential skills. one thing the private sector, someare carrying $200,000, $300,000 in debt. they can't get jobs. they are underemployed. they become braces. working.underemployed, they get stuck. we have to do a better job equipping young people with skills to be productive. it's a classic remedy for

the modern skills gap for a public focused on the traditional four-year college route. how do you think these programs could be expanded? about 9%think we have that go into a trade school. when you look at germany, that is 60%. this negative connotation toward trade schools. when you go to one of those or college offers them too. you learn technical skills. for a company. that gives you real life experience of what it's like to be on the job. you can go back to school and

and up with a job. great way of applying and getting a job after you graduate. those who are actively participating in those programs, the 2018 numbers. apprenticeships in the country in 2018. do you see that competing with the millions that go to the traditional four-year college program? guest: when you do a better job in terms of providing young people with better solutions, the university has a strong brand. i think our parents want us to go to a four-year university.

i don't think it's right for everyone. we have to provide different options for young people. carrying debtege, , that'sfinding a job not beneficial for anyone. when you look at the jobs numbers, we are at an all-time low for unemployment, the job quality is an all-time low. a lot of young people are working two or three jobs and that is not sustainable. it's a trap. once you get those two or three jobs, you cannot get out of that environment. you get stuck. we have to provide better training and better options. it should not be the option for everyone. host: we split our phone lines by your own education.

we want to hear from viewers who went to technical schools, that number is (202) 748-8000. those who have done apprenticeships, (202) 748-8001. college graduates, (202) 748-8002. all others, that number is (202) 748-8003. we are talking about the skills gap in the country. people call in, you argue there is a role the federal government comply in inhing the education system this new direction. what is that role? with the speed of technology changing right now, we have a simpler skill economy. that means we incentivize employers to upscale the workforce.

skillate a national program or we are sending people back to school every 7-10 years. we are obtaining new skill sets to be valuable in the labor market. our competitiveness is to go back to school every 7-10 years to get retrained. i think the government has to great policy that enables that to happen. that is why the federal government is coming in. think the government jobs are creating economic ability. right now, we don't see that. host: are there specific ways to

do that, especially people who can't go back to school every 7-10 years. what specifically in the government do? are we talking about tax breaks? federal dollars for retraining programs that people can tap into so they can make a living while they are going back to school? guest: exactly. we have pilot programs with family services. tuition.e free this provided the wraparound services and the payment. they got paid while they went through school. program in the private sector. the government will look into this. how will they provide services while getting trained?

the benefits will go back to the government because now they are getting higher-paying jobs. system,mics within the for the presidential candidates talking about the freedom dividend, we can talk about something similar for young people right now. host: how much is that going to cost and where you get the money? guest: i think we spend enough money in terms of the defense buzz it and other things -- budget. we can allocate some money for education. when people get retrained and go $80,000school, they get more with a better paying job. a positive circle with the economy. it will create a lot of good in how we get our young people back

to doing productive high-quality work, not just low plane -- paying jobs. host: a conversation about the skills gap. viewers a chance to chat with a tech entrepreneur, richard wang in seattle this morning. he is the ceo of coding dojo. we let joe from staten island who goes to a technical school talk. go ahead. caller: this guy is right. i want to start a computer school.

my guidance counselor, all of them said go to college. thank you. host: thank you for calling in and bringing that up. at one person said to go to technical school. everyone said go to college. how do you change that? problemhere is a relating to trade school and technical schools. this is where the government can do a lot of good in terms of providing different options. ,f you look at public education the performance metric is how many go to colleges. those incentives have to be changing.

a trade school is a right option, we have to provide more awareness for all of the options out there. host: do you think there is a stigma about a noncollege route? guest: absolutely. that give me an example and how people in your area are looking to change that? think in the past 4-5 it is more well-known in a city like seattle or silicon valley, new york. how do i get to be a software developer? maybe go to a coding camp. i think people here of these concepts. we treating you and train you

with different languages for the real world to become a software developer. more urban, we have these environments. it is much tougher. in terms of the branding of alternatives to college, the government has to do a better job. host: what kind of program? it was 30 years ago. i was a ago when freshfaced young man, i was the international brotherhood of electrical workers. value of thethe journeyman card. the licensing that one along with it.

my father explained to me there only three license trades, electrician, plumbers. i decided to become a plumber. i went down and took the how to get into it. i stood in the line and there theya thousand guys and were going to take 25 apprentices. i did that twice and never got called back. how do i do this? i joined the military. i joined the air force as an active duty plumber. after seven years, i applied for the plumbing apprenticeship again in the mid-80's. i finally got in. after five years of going through the entire course and making good money along the way, and enjoying everything that i did, i became a journeyman. i decided to become a piping

plumber. i spent my time in hospitals doing piping work. turned 56, i retired. i walked out the door. i make a town of money every month. the apprentice ship didn't cost me a dime. now local 290 in oregon, we've got 600 apprentices in school. when i went to school, there were 50. the number has increased. i suggest he go through the thening center and go to steamfitters training center in seattle. they will be happy to show you how they do it. thank you very much. think that's great. we are seeing increasing over time the number of apprentices.

one thing we have to think about is young graduates out of aboute, we have to think getting into artificial intelligence economy. people driving trucks right now. the autonomous trucks adaptation. when that happens, we are replacing 3 million truck drivers. start to take jobs from human beings. we will have 2 million people the were carpenters. when these think start replacing 5 million people, how

are we going to retrain or re-skill them? that's a big problem that we have to solve. in terms of rescaling the just for the's not audience of people about to go to college. it's also for people 40 years old. when you look at truckers now, the average ages 47. that is a good job without a college degree. how do we re-skill them? host: you talk about those going to college. the average tuition among 2024nal universities, in private national universities, it is $41,000 per year. out of state is $27,000. in-state, $11,000 per year. whenre that to 2000

private universities were $16,000, out-of-state was $9,600, in state was $3500 per year. i don't think that counts for room and board and food and tuition. analysis, you are carrying $300,000 debt. that's a lot of money. that, itou declare stays with you. we have to make a difference in terms of is college the right option for everyone. host: how must is it cost for someone to enroll in the coding dojo program? how long does it take? isst: the program $10,000-$12,000. it's about 14 weeks that we train anyone to code.

ininvest three years development behind the technology and content. digest a hard concept into something simple? anyone can learn this and become a professional. make how much do people after they go through your program? guest: we operate in 10 different locations around the country. cost-of-living in the area, average salary is about $75,000 per year. host: how we people have gone through the program? guest: probably about 6000 people have graduated from our program. oft: richard wang is the ceo coding dojo. we are talking about the future of education through the college

route. good morning. caller: good morning. i.t. field. i'm about to go into the office. that the vastt majority of the people making hiring decisions are not technical people. that's why they require these four-year degrees. there are people i know that cannot troubleshoot a wire. i was in the air force before i went to college. they cannot troubleshoot a wire. this is what happens with technical people, i was on a hiring panel and we hired high school graduate with a lot of experience. the college people didn't know what to do with the network. unanimous recommendation.

technical, shet wanted to override us. this is the person we need. continued resistance on our part, she finally hired the guy he turned out to be really good. that's the problem. , i don't knowoder if you recall a number of years ago, it was still current. an 18-year-old out of brazil was heading the entire branch. that six at the time. he was good. you have proved yourself. maintain it.

that is really how it not to be. how do wen to you is change that mindset of these non-technical hiring people that make the decisions to go for more people like what you are teaching with your apprentice program? that doesn't help the developers. host: thank you for the question. i want to give mr. wang a chance to answer so you're not late to work. guest: it is going to be hard. a biaslly when you have within the management ranks. they are more likely to hire people, that is the human bias. trend.starting to see a google and microsoft are going to a movement where we don't need a college degree to do this. bill gates is a dropout.

steve jobs did not finish college. ae pioneers did not have college degree. we are starting to see a good movement within the tech sector. this without a degree. that is ok. i think hopefully that will spread. i think based on the private sector, someone who does computer science, they are people coming out with military degrees or foundational degrees like english. what matters is your problem solving skill set, the way you approach the problem. how you define the creative solution. we are starting to see a good trend in terms of how the

industry fills the gap. we don't have enough. we have to be better in terms of educating ourselves about new practices and went to adapt. in terms of software development, 25 million people around the globe. that is not enough to support the entire global economy. we have to find a better way to retrain people and get them into tech jobs. the average salary is about $75,000 per year. we asked on twitter can't it be outsourced? guest: it can be. beertain part of coding can outsourced, some stays in house. years, there is a heavy

operational cost. is somebody else doing work for you in a remote location? in terms of communication, those are the shadow costs they are not seen. nowtrend they are seen supersedes the movement. they are going back to the we find american workers are very creative and work really hard. it cuts out all the inefficiencies. you have your worker right here. host: mary went to a technical school. good morning. caller: i went to a vocational technical school 50 years ago in the early 1970's.

they are called cte, career and technical education. i studied nursing. the school i went to in west outinia is still turning in the practical nursing field. the traditional college. my downer did reap a lot of benefits when she went to college in the early 1990's. host: what was the biggest benefit? have a it helped her a wager in her.

particular degree wasn't that great. it wasn't a bonehead. degreet that she had the from this college sent her to larger economic category. discrediting not the value of a four-year degree. great for your daughter. stats, 33% ofhe americans have a college degree or higher. that means 67% do not.

the average american is a high school graduate. is abegs the question college degree right for everyone? how do we ensure the majority of americans are going to be successful in the ai economy? we have to have a solution for everyone. it's not just about the economy. everyone will have a chance to win. host: we have one more chart to show viewers. this is the total loan debt in this country, the blue line is from the early 2000's up through 2018. that is the student loan debt line. is $1.46 trillion. that compares to auto loan debt

which is the darker line, about 1.2 trillion -- dollars. those charts are from nbc news. your thoughts on those numbers? i think the numbers speak for themselves. i think it will be interesting to see the return investment. essentially, it's not just about spending money and counting the numbers. did that can out? -- pan out? are they in high school jobs? are they in low skilled jobs?

context in the numbers. in reality, those are some of the things we would like to see. host: we've got about 10 minutes left in our program this morning. we will take as many calls as we can, including charles who went through an apprenticeship program. good morning. caller: good morning. where thea program nationals stadium was. i was able to learn heavy equipment operation. when you look at the construction going on in the you have tocolumbia wonder. i have earned six figures over the last two years without a college degree.

you look at the infrastructure needed, is the government going orstep in and have schools models like massachusetts has. apprentice robust program. they outperform traditional students. i had peers to want to traditional colleges in between jobs. they are still working on student loan debt. something needs to be done. guest: absolutely. i think that's great. in that economy now. many jobs will be taken away by ai. manynot going to take trade skill jobs.

very unique environment and a very unique skill. those are going to be good jobs. the supply and demand in the labor market, need to think about how we provide and encourage these alternative solutions. far, we have not heard from the candidates, whether it's elizabeth warner bernie sanders or some the front runners. the ai economy is here. will be displaced by this technology. what are we going to do? we have to push the candidates to provide solutions. host: in terms of what this administration has pushed, what

is the act? guest: could you repeat that? host: the perkins career and 2018,ion act signed in $1.2 billion a year for workforce development. that, iy reaction to don't know where the money is being sent or being sourced. as you know, we are facing such a big problem. i'm not sure that will be enough. it is not enough for the scale looking to move the needle. i would want to study how the money is being sent into the

private sector to encourage more printer ships. host: what was your education path? me, i wasterms of strongly influenced by my parents. i came to the nine states when i was seven years old. -- united states when i was seven years old. we were immigrants. you have to go to college. i carried a significant amount of debt. i learned a lot of theory. it wasn't really relevant to the work i do today. i had to learn on the go. went through the ,raditional four-year college it was way too expensive.

thatlly believe universities are not for everyone. there should be other solutions for that. host: just south of washington you went to the college rep. go ahead. caller: good morning. button for me. i have a story and a question. i came from a situation where i was pushed by my family. i was encouraged by my family to go the degree route. i am 28. while i was in school, i became aware of the situation. with an associates degree. the whole i was getting put in was debt and my degree path

not going to be able to provide. i had to try to live. now my situation is not having any real skills that allow me to move forward. this, people need to have a clear set of options about other ways of being educated. other options are also a lot more attractive. dojo atible is coding helping students? frommay be transitioning the current system. it, iat i'm hearing about am interested in looking into it. i would love to learn skills i can take with me. systemffected by the that has trapped me.

i have some that i want to pay back. i could say a lot more. that is my question. host: thanks for the call. guest: i think you hit the nail on the head. stuff.rn 90% of it's all based on theory. we can relate that. we learned on the go. essentiallyto do is have you always learning a skill hands-on. it's not just about theory. 90% of what we teach you is on the job skill. we find it things the most

useful, how do we imitate the workforce environment? had do we teach you how to learn so you can be successful 10 years down the road. if you master the fundamental holding box, it doesn't matter the environment. host: we have two minutes left and one more call. caller: thank you so much for having this conversation. i am fortunate enough to count myself as having my cake and eating it too. schoolded a vocational in massachusetts. it was focused on agricultural vocation. i majored in floral design. i learned about budgeting and toing and selling and how run a company. and ined about biology

thought standardized tests were so simple. my friends who went to high school were baffled. got andhe knowledge i what the college rep. to go totunate enough graduate school at harvard university for education. i don't think i would have gotten to that level and succeeded in the way i had it has not been for my agricultural education. we were chopping down trees. that,6-year-old to do harvard doesn't seem like that big of a challenge. two years ago, joseph kennedy delivered the remarks after the state of the union. he delivered it from my vocational school.

i think it's different now. schools don't have the same stigma attached to them. my school was 300 acres large here in massachusetts. expandon is how do we the practices so everyone in a public school setting can get them? this goes back to my proposal. a circularcreate economy where everyone has the opportunity to have a chance to. -- has a chance to win. we need to educate for alternative solutions and we should have policy in place. every seven to 10 years, sending people back to schools to get

re-scaled and up-skilled to all be successful. you go through the vocational program and after that, you realize that maybe you want to change your goals and go back to school. you are much more effective. this is an example of the success in terms of an economy where people go to school for period of time, go into the field and work, and after seven to 10 years, go back to school again, so they are constantly reveling to the economy. -- so there constantly reveling to the economy. supporting -- we need to provide support with services. payments tove people while they are in school.

wang ceo of coding dojo. that would do it for our program -- that will do it for our program. have a great friday. [captions copyright national cable satellite corp. 2020] [captioning performed by the national captioning institute, which is responsible for its caption content and accuracy. visit ncicap.org] ♪ years, c-span has been providing america unfiltered coverage of congress, the white house, the supreme court, and public policy events from washington, d.c. and around the country.

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