state of delaware has received 306 votes. donald j. trump of the state of florida has received 232 votes. theuncer: with the votes of election confirmed by congress, attention turns to the inauguration. on january 20, joe biden and kamala harris take the oath of office as president and vice president. i would live coverage begins at 7:00 a.m. eastern on wednesday, january 20. watch live on c-span, c-span.org, or listen with the free c-span radio app. ♪ announcer: american history tv on c-span3, exploring events that tell the american story. today at 6:00 p.m., we visit the state department's u.s.

diplomacy pavilion where over 7000 artifacts are stored, and plans to open a museum on the history of diplomacy are underway. daughter of president gerald ford reflects on the family's time in the white house. watch "american history tv," on journal": "washington continues. host: joining us is dr. william schaffner, professor of preventive medicine and diseases at vanderbilt medical center. welcome back to the program. guest: good to be with you. host: i wanted to start with this headline, "experts say worst may still be ahead, with expected holiday covid-19 search." what should folks expect in the weeks ahead? guest: i share that concern. not only are there many folks out there without masks, tired

of social distancing, but we now know that this new strain that is highly contagious, has come in from britain and has spread through many places in the united states. the two of those things are conspiring to increase the number of cases that are occurring. with the more cases that occur, the more likely that people who are older or have an underlying illness, to acquire the infection, and they become more sick. that is putting a big strain -- a very large strain -- on our capacity to care for those patients. i think we are in for a tough time. host: nbc news reminds us that the u.s. set another record for daily covid-19 cases. yesterday, 278,000. do you expect this number to

rise, or just stay at that level for an extended period? back to the idea of capacity, what do you see in the weeks ahead? guest: i see a great strain. i know here in nashville, we are at the edge. there are other places in the country that are already beyond that and are in very stretched. i think we will stay at this level at least for a period of time. i can't predict how long. if everybody would put their masks on, and avoid going into groups, staying at home, we could start turning this down while we start vaccinating. the phone numbers on the bar for the screen -- on the bottom of the screen. we will separate the lines by eastern and central, (202) 748-8000.

mountain and pacific, (202) 748-8001. we look forward to your calls for dr. william schaffner of the vanderbilt university medical center. the cdc.gov website has what they call a "covid vaccination tracker." could you explain the numbers to us? the eighth that more than 22 million doses have been distributed, but the total number of people initiating vaccination, just under 7 million. why the big gap between those numbers, and how to shrink that gap? guest: i am not entirely sure why the gap is large. that has puzzled me greatly. locally, we have been trying to vaccinate very intensely. the first vaccines went to health care providers and people

who are residents in nursing homes, long-term care facilities. is movinge latter more slowly than we anticipated. certainly among health care workers, i think what we have discovered is that there is more skepticism than people anticipated. we are doing an awful lot of education. in my own medical center, we have moved the needle, as we have gone out and done q and a amongst our staff from custodians to the chancellor. we have convinced people, given them a level of comfort that they can come in and be vaccinated, and that that is safe and effective. host: help us understand what we know now, in maybe not know about the vaccine, is efficacy.

we have heard and are also reading about side effects. give us more education. what do we know and not know? guest: we have two vaccines that have an emergency use authorization. -- by pfizer, one by madera madera. they are comparable. if you get the two doses, they are about 95% effective. that is powerful. there are very few adverse reactions associated with them, in the sense that there was nothing very serious. they were associated, however, with sore arms. not people had a day of feeling entirely up to snuff, ahes and pains, and may be fever, but that dissipated quickly. that is reassuring. once we have started to use

them, one of the things that came up is that some people that are very rarely -- some people, per oneely, about 11 million people had an allergic reaction. now that we know that, we are taking care of that. all of those people have recovered. going forward, we have two excellent vaccines that are safe and effective. the issue is reaching out to all of the people who are skeptical. i particularly am concerned about those parts of the population that have been disproportionately affected by the virus. ,ur african-american community other people of various ethnicity, demonstrating the diversity of the united states, those people have traditionally had more skepticism about vaccines.

you need information to get to them. also, a sense that they are comfortable coming in and being vaccinated. that takes time and effort. fortunately, congress has appropriated money that will go to state and local health departments so that they can engage in these communication issues and bring people who are skeptical to the vaccine. host: before you go to calls, headline news out of the biden administration, mr. biden plans to release nearly all available vaccine doses. in a break from the trump administration policy of holding back stock. can you explain what might be happening here, and what the negatives might be? guest: in the united states, we decided since the trials showed you need two doses to be 95%

effective, we were going to hold some in reserve to make sure that everybody will got the first dose, got the full benefit of the vaccine with the second. in britain, they have done it the other way. this is the way the biden administration is looking at. let's give everybody who -- let's give everybody possible that first dose. let's get it started in as many people as possible, have confidence in the manufacturer's that they will bring more vaccine out to be used so that we will indeed have plenty for the second dose. there are two good ways of doing it. he chose one, they chose to another. -- they chose another. it looks as though the biden administration wants to get the first dose out to as many people as possible. you have to remember, a dose

deferred is often a dose not received. we have to follow up remind people to come in for the second dose. we want everyone to get the full benefit of the protection of this vaccine. host: we have calls for dr. william schaffner of vanderbilt. gabriel from durham, north carolina. good morning. caller: good morning. thank you very much. i have two questions. [no audio] host: gabriel? can you start again? are you there? we can't hear gabriel. dr., can you hear gabriel? guest: i cannot. host: max is in waterford, michigan. caller: hello there. i was just wondering if you could tell us the ingredients of these shots. guest: sure.

the ingredients of the shots, both are what we call mrna vaccines. those are small protein segments. you can think of them as messengers, that is why they are called mrna, messenger rna. they are injected into the bodies and tell us to make the spiked protein, that part of the virus that allows it to enter the cell, and our body creates antibodies against it. there are also other ingredients, proteins protected stabilizersoat, and including something called polyethylene glycol. among the people who get allergic reactions, we think -- not sure -- but probably that is the cause of those rare allergic reactions. i remind everybody that they are

rare. everybody has recovered. all of those folks were well taken care of. these are very safe vaccines. host: lonnie from tampa, florida. caller: hello. host: you are on the air. caller: ok. the nano know about knight component -- it seems all of them have it. i would like to know what its original purpose is, is there any other purpose the skin achieve? -- this can achieve? guest: i am not entirely sure what you mean. i am not familiar with that substance. know that there is anything akin to that in the vaccine. you will have to explain that. host: can you help us? first interview with the ceo of pfizer, he explained

how the vaccine was made. component,d a nanite and i have never heard about it again. i just want to know what it does and what are its possibilities even after? the "n" is part of the name for ribonucleic acid. substancemolecular that is the message that stimulates the body to provide the protection. perhaps there is a bit of confusion about that. host: we read that astrazeneca and johnson & johnson have been working on vaccines as well. us an update on those two products?

host: we are trying to vaccinate 330 million in the united states. that is more than we have ever done with any vaccine. the more vaccines we have, the merrier. the better and more quickly we can do our job. those two companies are also developing covid vaccines. they are in their later stages of clinical trials. i would expect that both of those companies have already, or are in the process of presenting their information to the fda, and its external advisory committee will review those vaccines. we anticipate yet more vaccines. in the united states. internationally, there are other vaccines being used. vaccine,ans have a the scientists there

have created several vaccines that are also being used. host: one of the headlines speaks the chinese. a second chinese coronavirus vaccine is said to be effective, that was a reason headline. mentioned -- doctor, you also mentioned people's willingness to get the vaccine. here is a headline from a month ago. it says "willingness to get covid-19 vaccine picks up to 63% in the u.s." do you have a sense as to where that number will be right now, and how can the medical community and governments encourage people to get a vaccine? host: there are two kinds of folks out there. there are early acceptors, they are first in line, would like to get the vaccine yesterday. there are other folks, about half the population, that is a little more skeptical.

concerned that we have moved so rapidly. they are waiting to see how well the vaccine works and whether it is safe in the first responders. the folks who came in and got the vaccine. we can do two things, the first is to provide them the very best information. to other thing is we have provide them reassurance so that they feel comfortable in actually coming forward and getting the vaccine, and we have to listen carefully to what their questions are, and address all their questions very thoroughly and very clearly. and then we have to also reach thato those populations traditionally have been skeptical of vaccines. african-american, folksethnicities, those

have not had the same access to the health care system and there are historical reasons why they may be concerned about vaccines, and perhaps being experimented on. those folks have to be comforted and reassured and encouraged to come in so they make a decision for themselves and their families. dennis ins hear from clifton, georgia. on the line with dr. schaffner of vanderbilt university. caller: good morning. host: what is your question? ,aller: i had looked it up covid-19 stands for -- sheep slaughter. how do you reconcile that? i am really confused. covid has to do with her that came from the

animal population into humans for the first time, and has now spread around the world making people sick. the vaccines that are being developed around the world are designed to prevent those serious illnesses that are occurring all around us. you heard paul mention those numbers. host: gary in jacksonville, florida. caller: good morning. i see you are a big james dean fan. [applause]-- [laughter] caller: what would you recommend for someone who has already gotten covid-19? should they get the vaccination? how does that affect the reoccurrence of the disease? how different would that be from someone who hasn't suffered the virus yet? recommendations are not to make a distinction

between those who have had covid and those who have not. so many people have had mild infections. we are not testing people on the front end. whether or not you have had covid, come on in, we are happy to give you the vaccine. what we know is that those people were not -- will not have an increased proportion of local reactions. we are happy to vaccinate. host: one question that has come up is, can you catch covid twice? some: there have been documented cases, relatively few so far, of second infections. we do not know for how long the protection you get from the illness itself lasts, and of course we are still studying that with the vaccine. that is one of the reasons we

ask people who had covid to come get the benefit of the protection from the vaccine also. host: i wanted to also ask about flu season. typically we would be in flu season. the last several seasons have been bad. do you have a sense as to how andthis flu season is, combine that with the millions of cases of covid, and what people should be thinking about this time of year? guest: it is remarkable. season iss flu extraordinarily mild. i, among others, were worried twin-demic, but flu is very low. we think that is a large consequence of wearing masks, social distancing, avoiding groups, and children staying at home, being taught virtually.

the combination of all those things, we think, probably has suppressed flu this year. in addition, we have given out more influenza vaccines this year than we ever have before. but all of those things together and i think it is resulting in -- at least, so far -- a very mild influenza season, thank goodness. travel i would think as to do with it, right? guest: exactly. host: karen in kingston, new hampshire. caller: [indiscernible] i don't know if the vaccine will make me sick. but if you are asymptomatic and don't know it, and take the vaccine? of -- whation, one

if you take one manufacturer the first time, and another manufacturer the second? has that been tested? a choice onou have manufacturer? host: there's a lot there. guest: first of all, we think you are eligible. we do not think the vaccine will in any way enhance your illness. since you have that illness, you may be at increased risk of more severe disease, so we would like to get you protected. as i remember, the third question was whether you can mix and match, start with one manufacturer and end with the other. that is not recommended. studiedines have been so that both doses come from the same manufacturer. choice,you will have a it is unlikely you will, at this point.

the vaccines being distributed in slightly different ways, pfizer needs a very cold environment in order to keep it intact. that has gone to many large institutions, such as my own come over the vaccine is being delivered. moderna does not require quite that much cold. it can be distributed more for local health departments and local community hospitals, other circumstances. whichever vaccine they have available, get it. they are quite comparable, but be sure you get the second dose from the same benefactor. host: here is a tweet from steve, "suffolk, new york has had a positivity rate of over 10% for a week. ,e should have closed schools but he hears from the government is that it is now an acceptable risk." what do you know about that?

guest: it is a difficult question. schools weret open. generally, schools tend to be closed, school boards and local political authorities tend to close schools in consultation with their health departments. when positivity rates in the community rise. 10% is pretty darn high. closed ine often those kinds of environments. i am happy to say that is more vaccine gets out there, among the front-line essential workers , are all of the adults who work in schools. not just teachers, but administrators, custodians, people who work in the cafeteria. i certainly hope we get vaccines out to everyone who works in schools.

that will make all parents very happy, i am sure. in louisiana. good morning. caller: good morning. is, 45 years ago, i had guillain-barre syndrome. i bet other people are wondering , should we take this vaccine? we can't take the flu vaccine, so we want to know about this vaccine. i am hoping that i can. [laughter] that is my question. host: thank you. other just so the reviewers understand, guyon paralyticrome is a condition. most people recover. understoodrly

disease, but it can follow infections, and on rare occasions, influenza vaccine. can people who have experienced guillain-barre receive the covered vaccine? as of now, there is no evidence that guillain-barre follows covid vaccine. so alton, i hope you get the vaccine. host: another tweet, wanting to know if folks should continue to wear masks if all of this is over? , while wethe meantime are getting vaccinated, and for the foreseeable future, masks should be the norm. we need to keep wearing them. once we get to the point of what herd immunity," if we can vaccinate 75 to 80 -- 75%

, and thee population transmission is soundly reduced, then i think we can take off our masks and begin to -- carefully -- resume normal activity. anticipate that will happen? it all depends on how many people come in and get the vaccine. 70%-80% by theo end of the summer, maybe the next set of holidays, thanksgiving, new year's, christmas, kwanzaa, maybe they can be near-normal in 2021. that is certainly my hope. host: we are about halfway through our segment. we will do this for another half-hour with dr. william purpose --ofessor of preventive medicine and infectious diseases at vanderbilt university.

back to the cdc-covid data remind folks of the numbers out there, 21 million, almost 22 million total cases now in this country. figure of 367,652 deaths. in the middle of the chart, average daily cases per 100,000 people in the last 70 days -- in nineast seven days, 70 -- guest: those numbers represent human beings. it is hard for us to translate the numbers into normal lives. mustnk by now, most of us know people who have had infection and become ill to some degree. who of us now know people have had to be hospitalized, or are struggling with the longer

,onsequences, the long haulers some people can have symptoms that extend beyond the acute illness. the virus's -- the virus started in cities, and moved out to rural areas. it is spreading widely in rural areas. i would tell all of my friends who live in less populated parts of the country where there has been a reluctance to wear masks, please, put them on. this virus is spreading among you. when you have the opportunity, please show up and accept the vaccine. have yourated, and friends and relatives also vaccinated. we need everyone to pitch in to reduce the impact of this virus. host: paul from wilmington, delaware. good morning.

hi.er: i think the doctor mistook himself when he said mrnas of protein. [indiscernible] -- does that make it useless versus moderna and pfizer? what percentage might still be good? i'm not entirely sure i understood your question, but mrna is a messenger device. it lets the body know to make a protein, which is the spike protein of the value -- of the virus. protein,d against that and that inhibits the virus from actually entering ourselves. our cells.'s --

thisata are quite clear vaccine we have created, two ines is 95% effective preventing serious illness. that is very impressive. it is also safe. we are encouraging people to get this vaccine. i have had my first dose. i am scheduled to get the next one in a couple of weeks. host: any side effects? guest: i had a tender arm for two days. it did not inhibit my use of the arm. a little fatigue the next day, they even have headaches and a degree of fever. i did not have that. i am pleased, i am ready to get the second dose. host: that last collar was also

talking about astrazeneca i'm aware of what of the efficacy rate in the trials is significantly less than others? 80%, what said 70% or would happen? guest: that would depend on the fda advisory committee. or 80%,fficacy were 70% that is above the minimum level the fda has established. they see of your vaccine is more than 50% effective, you have achieved that, and they would effectivehat an vaccine. how that would be used in practice is uncertain. there are a lot of people who would say, i am not interested vaccine, i would like to get one of the ones that is 95%. -- toould try -- i think

seek after the more effective vaccine. so, i hope the new ones coming levels effectiveness that are comparable to both pfizer and moderna. ,ost: here is one headline death of florida doctor after receiving vaccine under investigation. have you been studying that case? guest: it is under investigation. these events are going to occur. we are giving the vaccine to , many who are older, many who are residents of nursing homes. they already have underlying illnesses of a greater variety. we can't anticipate that if we give the vaccine on monday, some people will have an adverse medical event that occurs on wednesday. so then the question will be,

are those two coincidental? precipitate,accine or cause that second event? we are going to have to try to tease that apart. there is a surveillance system that exists across the country looking for those events that then will be investigated by a team of investigators around the country. that case is under investigation at the present time. host: let's go to rome, new york. caller: good morning. thank you for taking my call. i have two questions. the first is about the antibody testing. why theious as to united states are not doing antibody testing first. -- or, china came out reporting that through antibody testing, they have

found that over 100,000 more people had tested positive for the antibodies. so, they actually had coronavirus and did not know it. or, they had mild symptoms. testing thattibody is trustworthy? about aquestion medicine used in the pfizer vaccine that is known to cause sterilization and females. sterilization in females. guest: those are two important questions. there are antibody tests available. clearly, in research studies in various parts of this country, have shown the same thing. since so many of these infections are without symptoms, or only mildly symptomatic, when you do the antibody test, you show that this virus has been

spreading more rapidly than people anticipated. that is clear. tests't need the antibody before you get the vaccine. we are happy to give the vaccine to everyone, whether they have experienced the infection were not. now let's move to that very important second question. information --e of me emphasize -- information on the internet -- false information on the internet has received attention. the notion that there is something in this vaccine that can make women sterile is incorrect. clearly examined by the american college of gynecologists and everyone else. that is false information. that cannot happen.

women who are trying to become pregnant, are pregnant, or breast-feeding, are candidates for the vaccine, and we are happy to vaccinate them. there is no sense that this vaccine will interfere with any aspect of human reproduction. let me make that clear. host: some folks out there want to get some more practical information. "you are aweet, hero. my wife works in eldercare, recently had the first half of the vaccine. is it safe for her to get the second half?" guest: it is. the same thing may happen again after the second dose. we can't tell why some people are more apt to have reactions than others.

she had much more of a reaction than i did. i had a tender arm, that was all. i am likely to have a bit more of a reaction the second time around. a bit morend dose is reactive genic than the first. let's be aware of that. plan for it. don't plan for anything too elaborate or intensive for the next day, just in case you happen to be one of those people who does not feel up to par the next day. but, that will disappear. that will go away. that is a small price to pay for protection against this potentially serious viral infection. -- justst on the another basic question about the life of the vaccine, how long does it last? saying the covid-19

vaccine is likely to protect her a couple of years. what you are looking forward to? how often will we have to take them? guest: we all wish we had the answer to that. that ceo i think was being aspirational. all of us have our fingers crossed that the protection provided by the vaccine will be of long duration. obviously, since we are just starting to use the vaccine, we can't be sure. already aredies underway to assess exactly how long the protection will last -- we will -- and if have to get subsequent doses of the vaccine, kind of like how we get tetanus shots periodically. we will have to wait and see. lasts a longhat it

time. datae say also, the early -- we don't have the complete answer -- the early data would indicate that these vaccines are effective against these new strains we have heard about. one from england, the other circulating in south africa. so far, so good. the data would indicate that the current vaccine will work against those drains also. , masks.ally let's not forget those in the meantime. .ost: stuart, florida margaret is calling. caller: i just wanted to share something with your listeners, what a positive experience my husband and i had. 75, we registered with our county health department last week, we received a call this week, we had an appointment friday, we

arrived 10 minutes early in our car, they checked us in, we had our forms filled out, we pulls forward and were interviewed by askedth care doctor, they us questions like whether we had a fever, whether we were around anybody. we proceeded to another area and waited just a few minutes while the person in the car in front of us had their vaccinations. we proceeded forward. they took our information. they injected both of us. you what all positive experience it was. we proceeded then to another area where we waited approximately 15 minutes. they had documented the time we got our injections. we waited 15 minutes. there were medics there.

they kept checking on us. when 15 minutes were up, we were able to leave. when they called and made our reservations, they also give us the one 20 days from now. i have admiration for our local county health department. within 20 minutes total, 15 minutes waiting. it does not have to be long lines if you have the right number of volunteers. it was positive. fx, other have any than like a typical flu shot. your arm might be tender for a day. i just wanted to share that with your listeners. people need to do it. it takes volunteers. i think that is what the health department had come of

volunteers. it was so smooth. kudos to the martin county health department. host: thank you for sharing. any reaction doctor? guest: i am smiling ear to ear. are theu margaret, you poster child of information to get out to people, reassuring them that this can be a very efficient process. we are getting better at it across the country day by day. so glad that you and your husband received the vaccine. i am pleased that neither of you had any notable adverse reactions. gives your experience reassurance and comfort to others that they can come forward and receive the vaccine. we sure want this protection disseminated quickly and efficiently to as many people as possible. host: that's it, one viewer

, "we need aitter plan on a massive scale. and students entering -- train them to do massive drive-thru's. had auntry has never massive plan, how can we stop the spread when so many can't get vaccinated for months?" guest: we are doing better. congress just made a very large appropriation of funds so that state and local health departments can expand their capacities and make of that immunization program more efficient. enormously.lp i think you will see , goingncies moving out into the end of january and february. host: some more practical

information, what is the best way for folks around the country to know where they can get the vaccine, how they can get it, where can they register? where do they go? it is going to be heterogeneous across the country , but certainly websites, both of the state health department and your local county/city health department will provide that information. the media, newspapers, television stations are providing that information. the processes are a little bit different across the country, so look locally for that information. host: karen in bowling green, kentucky. like give her waiting. -- thank you for waiting. caller: it is so good to see you

on tv. many vanderbilt has patients from out of the country, and out of the state, when do you anticipate that vanderbilt will be administering the vaccine to your patients who are out-of-state and 75 years or old? guest: i am pleased to say, our neighbor to the north, that vanderbilt -- like other medical centers -- now that we are well into vaccinating our own personnel -- everybody probably knows they were the first line folks being vaccinated. all of those medical centers are now just opening up their vaccination programs now that they are getting enough vaccine, to vaccinate patients age 75 and older, and for those with underlying illnesses.

each of those medical centers is going to have their various procedures. medicalhat my own center intends to contact people in due course. we are just starting that right now. centersother medical across the country are doing something very similar. host: while we have you there, tell us more about vanderbilt possible role from the beginning with the testing on cynical trials. guest: vanderbilt has a long tradition of a cadre of faculty that have been involved in developing and evaluating vaccines. all of them have been involved. colleagues, dr. mark dennison, is an international authority on coronavirus's. he has been very participatory in vaccine develop and

evaluating exactly how effective they are. i couldn't go through the list of everyone. one of the things that we learned as we started to vaccinate our own health care providers of all kinds, the entire cadre of people who work here, from custodians up to the chancellor, is that our people wanted information also. they had not all been following the news. we have undertaken a large educational campaign with lots of q&a sessions for groups of employees throughout the medical center. we have been gratified to see the needle move. an increasing proportion of people have said, yes, ok, i will get vaccinated. we are continuing to do that. the lesson there is that we have to provide that information, and

the level of comfort and reassurance, not only for health-care workers, but for the general population, so that they also will be encouraged to come forward. host: oakland, new jersey. david is on the line. i had something about the capital. host: let me jump in, we are talking about covid-19. we've got dr. schaffner of vanderbilt. do you have anything about that? caller: i'm sorry, i do not. host: i invite you to call in for the next time we have a assault on the capital wednesday. but, we do want to move on. mildred, you are on. caller: thank you so much. wondered, president-elect

biden said he was going to vaccine so of the that everyone could get it. and, he that effect -- says it is going to delay the second shot. how -- ifhat affect you only get one? what we do not want is for anyone to just get one. let's get one to as many people as possible. possible as quickly as , after three or four weeks, come in and get that second dose. the incoming administration has said that they are confident that the vaccine manufacturers will continue to supply vaccine. dose is a bit

delayed, do not worry. it will still work. you don't have to start over. but, don't delay it too long. as we say in vaccines, a dose delayed is often a dose not received. let's all work hard to make sure we get that second dose. don't let that slip your mind. the: to what extent does first dose actually work, if there are two? guest: i understand, that has not been studied. that the first dose primes your immune system, your immune system starts to work, and over the short term may give you about 70% protection. dose to need the second boost your response even higher.

that is the dose that is going to give you more long-term protection. it is a two dose series. we want to get the first into as many people as possible, but we have to follow up with the second. host: where is this country on therapeutics? talked about vaccines, but other treatments out there to alleviate symptoms -- kind of like with the flu? host -- guest: we have learned so much about this virus, that nowadays we are so much more effective in treating patients than we were back in march and april. in addition, we now have several drugs, remdesivir, dexamethasone , that can be used as treatment.

we are learning more about convalescent plasma and monoclonal antibodies. the research used in the therapeutic area -- we are doing much better if you get sick. come in,oo many people we are going to have a hard time treating all of those sick people to the best we can. host: marjorie's in pratt, west virginia. good morning to you. caller: good morning. elderlynto the group of with --, plus i have had allergic reactions to medications. the doctor has told me that if i take the vaccine and have a severe reaction, i would wind up hospitalized, and therefore exposed to covid.

i am wondering if i should take a vaccine and just hope for the best, or do i not take it because of my health history? i feel like i am playing russian roulette with this virus. i am also allergic to soy and eggs, and i know that vaccines traditionally have been cultured. have the pfizer and moderna vaccines been cultured in eggs? i think the astrazeneca vaccine went more traditional. host: thank you. . guest: you are asking questions that pertain to the many people. , eggs haveestion is nothing to do with these vaccines. but that aside. now, you are a person who is very allergic.

i can't tell whether you have had more severe allergic reactions in the past, but nonetheless, let's assume that you do. there is no indication to you , however this vaccine we would want you to talk to your doctor and get that reassurance. when you get the vaccine, you're going to be watched, not for 15 minutes which is normal, but for half-hour. these allergic reactions that have been experienced have occurred within that watching period. people were there to make that diagnosis quickly and provide the treatment. i am going to give you some personal advice, this does not come from the cdc, were i a person that would be in the allergic category, i would be more inclined to want to receive the vaccine in a setting that was closer to a large health

care institution. develop an case i allergic reaction, i would be closer to medical care, should i need it. that just seems prudent. host: easton, pennsylvania. hello rich. caller: i am from pennsylvania. i am 73. my wife is 70. she went on the line yesterday to try to find out how to get the shot, but she could not find any information. i am wondering if it would be on the news on television. host: where did you start looking? caller: sheila, what website did you go on to? lehigh valley lives. host: you couldn't find anything

there? caller: no. we couldn't. anyway, i was just hoping -- i watch this show every day. i am hoping to get information from you guys. host: let me ask dr. schaffner. person in easton, pennsylvania who can't find anything on the web. what should be their next move? alert they need to stay at perhaps call their local lehigh valley health department. there is a large medical center on that part of the country, and perhaps they have information on their website. or, you can try calling them also. i am sure the information is out there. as i say, this is just happening. it is just now opening up to a larger population.

things vary across the country as to how the information is getting out. notll acknowledge it is always easy and straightforward. host: let's squeeze in one more call from north carolina. doing? how are you doctor, how is it determined who gets the vaccinations first? respondersd first and maybe security people, national security people, but i was thinking why are we not vaccinating the younger people first? older people such as myself, we are closer to that golden gate anyway?

where are we going for the older first and not -- why are we going for the older first and not the younger? guest: this edc's advisory committee has created a prioritized asian -- cdc's advisory committee has created a ization scheme. 75 and older as well as frontline essential workers of all kinds, then there is a further prioritization scheme. that is the national template but there is variation from state to state. the reason we do not vaccinate young people yet, and by that i vaccineldren, is that

studies in those populations just to now have begun, so we need to test the vaccine and get the answers and those younger populations before we vaccinate them. adultsted to vaccinate first because they are more severely affected by the virus itself. host: dr. william schaffner is professor of preventive medicine at vanderbilt. us. fromen joining nashville thank you for your time nashville.us from thank you for your time and expertise. we will take another short timeout. we have one more hour left in this sunday edition of the washington journal. coming up we will talk with jack goldsmith and we will take more

of your calls. we will be right back. ♪ tonight on q and day, helen anders, the american conservative magazine's senior editor talks about her book boomers. >> the one-liner about boomers that i did not come up with is they are the generation that sold out but would never admit that they sold out. the combination on the one hand of a great deal of idealism and a sense of themselves as morally noble -- noble idealist liberating humanity -- but on the other hand a great deal of narcissism and a blindness to the ways their liberationist agenda knocked down functioning institutions and left a lot of people worse off.

>> helen andrews tonight on q q&a.ay -- president areor as follows -- joe has received 306. -- joe biden has received 306. received 232,as joe biden and kamala harris will take the oath of office as president and vice president of the united states. watch on-demand on c-span.org or listen with the free c-span radio app. ♪ continues.on journal host: our guest is jack

goldsmith professor of law at harvard university law school. he co-authored the book after trump: reconstructing the presidency. thank you for joining us. tell us the story of why you wrote this book, after trump? guest: bob bauer, white house counsel for barack obama and di who worked in the george w. bush , who worked in the george w. bush presidency, we've met to talk about that book. we were talking about all the issues trump had raised about the gaps in presidential accountability, norms that weren't working, and it occurred to us that after trump left office, there was going to be a complete re-examination of the

accountability structures for the presidency akin to what happened after vietnam, watergate and the church commission. project,f to do that to write a book that wade outlined the areas where we thought reform was necessary -- the areas outline where we thought reform was necessary. host: what are the leading areas of reform you want the country to focus on? guest: the top three or four things we think are both go tole and important basically trumps corruption of the office and conflicts of interest. tax disclosure, things like mixing personal business with of thebusiness, some reforms about relationships between the white house and the

justice department. there needs to be statutory reforms and executive branch reforms. we need to have a discussion about the pardon power. trump has issued a number of abusive pardons and we will see more before he leaves office so there needs to be a discussion about reforming the pardon power. host: the numbers are on the bottom of this screen for jekyll -- for jackr of goldsmith, author of after trump: reconstructing the presidency. we get deeper into the conversation mr. goldsmith, we will show a little of president trump last february addressing supporters at the white house, offering his views on the impeachment process. --we have been going this

through this now for over three years. it was people. it was corrupt. it was dirty cops. this should never ever happen to another president ever. i don't know if other presidents would have been able to take it. at a minimum you have to focus on this because it can get away quickly the matter who you have with you, it can get in the way -- getaway very quickly. had i not fired james comey, who was a disaster by the way, it is possible i would not even be standing here right now. we caught him in the act. dirty cops, bad people. if this happened to president obama, a lot of people would be in jail for a long time already. host: president trump from last february about impeachment.

as we stand here, the house of representatives may be taking up a second impeachment proceeding against the president. your reaction? guest: to what he said last year? typical trump obfuscation, half-truths, blaming others. the impeachment proceeding last year, he was impeached for something that was clearly an impeachable offense. he was trying to use the powers of his office to reach an arrangement gain and advantage in the presidential election. i do not think that was the worst of the offenses trump had committed up to that point but i think it was a clearly impeachable offense. the procession of -- the impeachment process is an important process. it is rarely used. it was appropriate there.

i would say it is much more appropriate now. there is a timing problem, but in light of what the president has done since the election and especially last wednesday, there is the clearest ever perhaps case of an impeachable offense and an appropriate use of the impeachment power. the only question is one of timing and political will in the senate. host: we know there is more on your list of concerns for the president in these four years. what has you most concerned and has the president broken laws in your view? guest: that is a hard question. characteristic abuses -- we use the language of lawbreaking and he has come close to breaking laws many times. muller's report

listed 10 instances of possible obstruction of justice. it was clear he was trying to obstruct justice. it gets into complicated legal questions about whether and when the president can be deemed to obstructiond the of. one thing that bob bauer and i suggest is that congress clarify that lot to make it clear a president can obstruct justice. it is hard to know to be frank. it is hard to know what crimes he has committed. he has done so many things right at the edge of crime, but one would need to know more information before concluding conclusively that he has. it is possible they would be easy to prosecute trump for obstruction of justice. you write about the

presidential pardon power. let's go down that line before we start to getting calls. remind us of what the founders intended when they gave presidents the power of the pardon and what is your assessment of how trump has handled that power so far? guest: this is a very important power. it is one of the broadest powers given to the president. to effectively erase the consequences of a crime that has been committed or to reduce a sentence. at the framers gave the president this power because they thought it was important somewhere in the system somebody be able to issue an act of grace for something that had gone wrong in the criminal justice system. he believed it was important believed it -- they was important more broadly for community reconciliation have a amnesty and the like for the

community. they were aware of the dangers of the abuse of the pardon power but they gave it in unqualified terms. there are two qualifications. one has to do with federal crimes and date can't be used to excuse impeachment. -- and it cannot be used to excuse impeachment. host: your assessment of how the president has handled the power so far? areas,like many other trump has engaged in extreme abuse. 94 of hislculated all commutations and pardons into some of these are hard to judge, 85 about 80 were pardons -- -- there isersonal

a process in the justice department to assess these things. trump has largely cut this out. presidents to be clear pardons,ged in abusive may be most famously bill clinton's pardons where he skirted the justice department. susan mcdougall who was a whitewater figure, his brother and some other figures. clinton did that as an exception, perhaps a large exception, but an exception to the ordinary process. trump has made the exception the rule. theas personalized all other powers of the presidency. host: our first call is from crystal river, florida. caller: thank you for taking my

call. hear me out today, gentlemen. hello? host: you are on the air. caller: my question is in three parts -- we are talking about presidential powers and how they need to be curtailed, if you will. congress has not declared war since 1941, and i wonder if he addresses any of that in his book? host: do you deal with the president's -- guest: we have a large chapter on war powers that we believe reader says.at the it is primarily allocated in the congress and in the discretionary -- we have seen

this in a number of ways. we have seen this in presidents using force whenever the national interest is served. we see this -- and it is not just to trump. trump has been an outlier with one exception. we have seen presidents increasingly expanding military force to expand the global war on terrorism. we have a series of proposals to president.he we also have reforms. the most frightening thing trump did was his casual jokes about using nuclear weapons, which raises the question whether the president should have control over nuclear weapons as he has had for decades. areass one of the hardest in the book to fix.

it is a perennial problem. it predates trump and away. -- theomething the executive has a strong view about its prerogatives. congresses prior efforts to reform this failed. we have a whole series of suggestions about how to do it, but of all the reforms in the book, this is the set of reforms about which i am the least optimistic. host: let's go to james in scottsboro, alabama. caller: good morning. the person who years,d the phone, four five years, i have been voting republican. the reason for that is the democrat leadership. here we are seeing this hollering and screaming, "

impeach him!" harris -- o impeach, are we going to impeach kamala harris? [indiscernible] get in their face! cnn - right? therewas there anything you wanted to respond to? guest: i'm not sure i understood. host: next caller. caller: he is talking about reform. is reform going to be for the democrats and republicans?

i do not see it going for both parties. to me, if you do not reform our government people at the cia, and the doj.nsa if you do not reform these departments from doing cook and stuff to theked american people and they even go after the president? the law is not good for the democrats. it should not be for anybody. caller is looking for an equal approach. bauer,first of all, bob and i, this book from different perspectives and one of the rules that we operated by was the idea that these rules are

for all presidents. we asked ourselves if we would be happy with that restricted the president if it was a president we liked in the white house and if we would be satisfied about a power given to the president if it were given into a president that we did not care for. that kind of equal principle so to speak did motivate our ouroning and motivated proposals, but on the second level to the question, should there be reform to the agency bureaucracy and the like. that is a complicated question, but we do have a chapter on back called the bureaucracy against -- on that called the bureaucracy against the president. over the reports on the

fbi. there were many mistakes made and lots of anomalies and problems and to the way that -- and the way those investigations worked. we think it is important for the bureaucracy to operate by the rule of law as much as the president and we do have proposals there. host: jekyll smith is professor at harvard and author -- jack goldsmith is professor at harvard and author of after trump reconstructing the parent -- after trump: reconstructing the presidency. when did you learn from your experiences in government and what took place during the george w. bush years that helped inform your opinion? guest: good question. i learned that being in government is harder than it

looks from the outside. you are usually making decisions based on limited information. you usually have an array of bad decisions because there will be bad outcomes no matter what and you are looking to make the most prudent decision. i learned in government and this informed quite a lot in our reform proposals is any reform proposal can be self-defeating. it can be weaponized and used against. the independent counsel statute after watergate set up the independent counsel that late 1970'sm the until the 1990's. instance was the whitewater prosecution of bill clinton. the effort to give independence to the council turned out that it could be weaponized and it as rejected in 1999 on

bipartisan basis. it taught me a sensitivity that you have to be very careful and think through when you are making a reform. have to think through carefully what incentives the reform creates for someone to take advantage of the reform to operate the government in a bad way. good governance is a difficult problem and being aware of these pitfalls is very important. from markave a call in hackensack, new jersey on the independent line. --ler: three reef points number one, as far -- three brief points, number one as far as crime goes, you can look at your associate george w. bush iraq war orllegal mr. obama's allowing isis to

flourish in the middle east before president trump destroyed them, thank god. sir, the -- obama using the irs to target conservatives was not very proper as well as mr. obama threatening to withhold federal funds going around congress, threatening to withhold federal funds from public schools unless those schools permitted boys and men to walk into innocent girl'' bathrooms and locker rooms. you, as far as your comments regarding presidents, which he did not --cide -- insight any right, riot, speaking of

impeachment you could also harris andala nancy pelosi for their comments, which inspired -- encouraged rioting over the summer. host: we get your point. you alluded to the fact that abuses do not begin with the trump presidency. what did you hear in that call that you want to respond to? -- i agree on a couple levels. for every chapter of reforms there is a prehistory. it trump for most of these things was not the first. in most instances he was the most extreme by far -- not in

all instances and we try to be candid and straightforward about past presidents and their failings. the book is called after trump but it is not only about trump. it trump revealed problems in that wereency completely unprecedented and norms that have operated to constrain the presidency of long manydimensions -- along dimensions failed or did not constrain him. the claim is not that prior presidents were angels. i think mr. trump has been more extreme in many of the dimensions we talk about in the book. we have not seen anything like what happened since the election , his denial of what happened, his efforts to coerce election -- officials to change the election, what happened last wednesday whether you want to

call it incitement or not. he has not embraced a norm of transition. there are other things like that. this book is not about why other presidents were virtuous and trump is a bad guy. understand trying to patterns of presidential history that led us to the point of donald trump, what he did and what needs to be done going forward. host: does the book address how presidents speak? disinformation? guest: it is a hard area to regulate. talk about the president, his attacks on the press and his use of twitter, which he is now banned from. it is extremely hard in a constitutional way to keep the chief executive from speaking his mind about issues of interest to the country and we

do not have robust reforms about how to constrain presidential speech. it is very hard. that depends ultimately on to the people elect and whether the platforms will let this person speak. we do propose reforms for making sure the president does not use the massive tools of the executive branch to retaliate against the press he despises and some other things like that. i will concede that presidential in terms of regulating it is hard to do. host: we have bellevue, washington on the line. good morning, dee. talkr: i would like to about nepotism. this last speech at the capital, he was trying to put his daughter ivanka into the vice .resident's position

everyone failed him so he is going to clean the board and start over again. the concept of nepotism running rampant in their government. thisoreign governments, gives them the opportunity to and part in this siege download spyware or bug the place. there areican party, people who blindly supported trump and his children weakened our country. how much does it cost to destroy america? to keep ause you want hold of your secret? i'm shocked at the republican

party that they are willing to throw this country under the bus. host: any response there? say that nepotism is a problem and it has been a problem in the trump administration with his daughter and son-in-law. they started the rules when it comes to clot -- came to classified information. nip -- john f. kennedy made his brother the attorney general. it is hard to have anti-nepotism rules against the president because the president has broad authority to seek advice from whomever he wants. we have reforms on this and the main thing -- a couple the speaker mentioned. one is it is very important that sons-in-law, daughters-in-law, people most of the president in the white house with operational roles need to comply with all

the publicity, and conflict of interest rules and the like. it was not always clear that was happening. --luding the government is serving the public and not the private. it is a hard problem to solve. it is a very hard problem to solve. you can only get out a indirectly if the president wants to hire his son-in-law. jekyll's -- " are those in place to hold those in an ideal worldn wedded to have been useful to have a fourth ranch of government specifically to look into and handle corruption?" guest: this raises a deep

question. constitution,ent the reason we have some of the problems we have is that the president under article two is in charge of law enforcement. that creates a problem when there is criminality by the president himself. this is where we get into problems we have had for years now. the problem with the fourth branch looking at a third branch is who holds that branch accountable? is that person going to be elected? we have seen it did not work well. we had the independent counsel statute and they are the problem counsel the independent had inadequate accountability and he was engaged in excess of power that was corrosive to the government. right afterng --

watergate there was an effort to do something along the lines of what the person who tweeted talked about and that was to have the justice department made an independent agency, to give them a 10 year term not appointed by the president. some states have independent attorneys general. it was rejected across the board because it would have required a constitutional amendment, it would -- the law enforcement power of the president is hugely important for the president to achieve his goals, to be able to push civil rights enforcement if he wants to our antitrust -- orement if he wants to antitrust enforcement if he wants to. i do not believe a fourth branch of government is the right solution. host: rockaway, new york,

republican. caller: good morning, sir. blaming trump for this incident that happened wednesday i do noto not -- and trump, i see it from the democratic party who rigged the election. it was not a fair election. host: what do you see as unfair and ranked? can you give us -- unfair and rigged? guest: -- caller: people come out to show their solidarity with trump. he just told them to go march. host: let's move on to marry. in fort onto mary

myers. go ahead please. we are talking about presidential power and reconstructing presidency is the name of our guest's book. against executive privilege. this unfettered control -- this is nothing more than an authoritarian dictatorship position. we are no different. we need to stop being so arrogant. i am tired of listening to what the founding authors said. there was a british empire and do not misunderstand me -- i have nothing against any civilian regarding their ethnicity -- but this is not anything new. it is the same thing with religion. i am tired of listening to religion.

you guys expect god to take sides? give me a break. it's ridiculous. americans don't-- even recognize propaganda when it kicks them in the face. the biggest propaganda we deal with 24/7's advertising. think about it. people don't even recognize that. tiredally i am sick and of this swaying back and forth. no president should have that much power unfettered. last but not least, they are all employees. the president and everybody in government from the lowest to the highest, even the supreme court, they are employees. i wish somebody would talk about that. host: thank you for calling. anything you want to respond to?

guest: i will talk about the first point, which is executive privilege. the president has executive privilege. the supreme court has recognized a core in the executive branch needed to foster deliberation. every branch has this, if you think about it. we don't not have access to supreme court deliberations, congress as deliberative privileges, they can do things has thet -- congress liberty of privileges, they can do things in secret. to have a full flushing out of issues -- do not think getting rid of executive privilege would -- i do not think getting rid of executive privilege would be a good idea. the courts are there to review that. the supreme court did review some of trump's privilege

claims. we have a separation of power system where the courts review these claims. they rejected his claims. we may not have the balance exactly right but we have a system of review for it and we need some form of executive privilege. one thing bob bauer and i propose in the bug is we have a fast-track process for defining these -- the is we have a fast-track process. book isident -- in the we have a fast-track process. withby a seven-to vote justices appointed by democrats voteepublicans -- 7-2 with justices appointed by

democrats and republicans recognized some executive privilege. host: you get the last call, ava. i am lad the supreme court -- glad the supreme court more -- it will be a worse problem and i think we have to control the pardon and maybe we will be in a better situation today. c-span.u, you allow me to see humanity, other people talking. i am sorry to say we lack common sense. all laws come from common sense. more, we wouldit be in a better situation. jack goldsmith, final

comment from you either to what of said or in pursuit reforming the presidency in the future? joe biden will have a lot of issues on his plate, january 20. there is interest in applying some reforms. some should have bipartisan support because they did before trump. it is important these reforms get on the agenda. it is time to fix these problems trumpecame apparent under . the biden administration is not against of these reforms. it is important to act in the first two years. that is the window. if we cannot get it done in this unique opportunity where biden

is open to these reforms, i am afraid we will not get them. when the next trump comes, we have better rules to keep that president in check. goldsmith is co-author of the book after trump: reconstructing the presidency. thank you for your insights and explaining your thinking this morning. we will take another short timeout then return to your thoughts on the possibility of a second impeachment of president trump, something the house is said to be seriously considering this week. democrats, call (202) 748-8000. call (202) 748-8001. independents, >> there are more than 60 new

members of congress, and that this group includes first generation immigrants, state representatives, reporters, and college and professional athletes. watch our conversations with new members. monday, meet lauren bummer, marjorie taylor green, diana harshbarger, and stephanie dice. meet the new members of congress this week at 8:00 p.m. eastern on c-span, online at c-span.org, or listen on the c-span radio app. >> monday night, on the communicators, outgoing chair of the fcc a jeep i on the future of the sec. >> i do think the time has come for congress -- back in 2014, to put on the printed page the internet protections we all agree on. transparency. these are basic principles we can all agree on, but it is up

to elected officials in the next congress, the next administration, to make a determination. we will not see a reprise of what we saw in 2018. ajit pai on the communicators on c-span2. >> washington journal continues. the u.s. house of representatives is considering a second impeachment of donald trump. it could be as early as tomorrow that they unveil an article of impeachment against of the president. formause has a pro session, something procedurally they have to do while on recess but we are hearing they may do this at 11:00 tomorrow morning. beyond that we are not sure what happens, but it is possible the house will be in a midweek

debate on a single article of impeachment against president trump that follows the deadly assault on the u.s. capitol on wednesday and everything that has come after that. politico.com talks about the issues democrats are grappling with, impeachment reality is and the rush to punish trump. the speaker and other senior democrats are weighing whether to impeach the president. the trial is all but certain to end in acquittal. closely and her leadership team discussed several options -- pelosi

those that storm the capital, if they had security clearances, what they lose those security clearances? is it true? a business that does business with the government on a government contract and they ol, they mustapita

also lose the government contracts? if they do business with the they also, are supposed to lose the business --ca host: what do you think about the second and teach meant of the president -- second impeachment of the president? caller: just let it go. i voted for him, but i do not know what happened to the man. he went a little crazy. vote did you say you would for him again in the future? hiser: he has ruined chances. he would never make it.

host: is it because of what happened last week are other things? caller: he has been doing outrageous stuff. doike the guy, but i just not think he has got the patientce. host: billy calling from brooklyn, new york, good morning. caller: how many cops were killed in blm protests this summer? host: are you still there? we got some feedback there. al is in houston texas. -- houston, texas. good morning. caller: i am calling on the independent line, but i am more conservative because of the way democrats and republicans are fighting. it is so hypocritical to see what is going on right now.

calling --ine waters after saying she was going to blow up the white house. i am trump supporter but i do not support him personally. do support the effort in the house to impeach the president -- efforto you support the in the house to impeach the president? caller: i have no choice. i have to support him. i am a conservative basically. i am not a republican. host: we are going to let you go. we are getting a little grinding of the-- here is part letter nancy pelosi put out two -- eagues last night to cup colleagues last night.

" when we take the there mustice, we -- be recognition that this was instigated by the president. what i have heard from the delusion i have received from the public it is clear that times have found us. to save our democracy we will be proceeding with meetings with constitutional experts and others. i urge you to be prepared to return to washington this week. thank you for your patriotism, the intellectual resources that you are. thank you for your friendship and leadership." that is the letter put out from nancy pelosi in the form of a press release. florida,caller is from

democratic caller. caller: i am actually an independent. must be some sanctions. the president incited domestic terrorists to attack our country, to threaten the lives of people we elected. he said "i am going to march with you." clearly he never did. it you can't even take him at his word in front of the people who adore him. we have a real problem in this country. i would like personally to wantch him, but i do not to have issues for biden because when you look at north korea, blm, coronavirus, he has so many severe issues to deal with right away. my head and heart inclines

impeachment. my head says we should maybe find other sanctions. host: there are some other tweets suggesting the speaker may hold the article of impeachment for a while and just see what happens, maybe till after the president leaves office so as not to disrupt the first 100 days of the biden presidency. brad is calling from lily, kentucky, independent caller. think anybodyot realizes the tipping point the country is at. someone talked about restoring the soul of the nation right now. trump is on the outs even with his own people. said he hass ago ruined his chances.

tone has been a shift in that there needs to be a going after trump. i hope biden realizes how important his decision here is. if that is pursued, it has never happened in american history and it will change things. it will take us -- we are at the tipping point. it will take us some are bad if that happens. it will be what the people around biden are calling for into they are calling for it already. biden can be the bigger man here. he can heal the soul of the nation, reach out to trump, go to him. ascendant, trump is on the outs. nobody likes that with the temperature at this point. nancy pelosi is talking about

nuclear codes and things. we are having violence in our streets because of politics. someone he a leader here, show us what to do. we will follow. trump's people will follow. biden's people will follow. is a headline -- a senator lisa murkowski became the first senate republican to call for president trump to resign. that is the washington post. in the hail yesterday, another republican senator pat toomey -- hill yesterday, republican senator pat toomey who is upwards of 17

republicans would be necessary if they were to convict to the president after impeachment in the house. is calling from silver spring, maryland. caller: give me just a minute. number one, it is vitally important to impeach president trump. he has supporters that are still propagating all this nonsense. they believe all the conspiracies. people should stop listening to videos other than that c-span library. mitch mcconnell can come back in and republicans need to get behind this. there need to be consequences. at the most important thing is trump and his immediate family should never be allowed to hold any office ever again because of what they have done to this country. there needs to be responsibility taken here. we cannot just play nice, hold hands and be fine.

capital desecrating our like that? that is a crime. georgia andynn to marietta. caller: good morning. i have been outraged. i cannot believe this has happened to our country, that they have allowed this person to remain in office. they should have convicted him the first time they impeached him and we would not have 375,000 people dead. into,s the most nor incompetent president we have ignorant,- incompetent president we have ever had. we have a lot problems to come if we do not stomp on these people now. this is not to america is. just -- i can't even

believe that this is what has happened to our country because of this constant drum beating of lies every day, not just from the president but from other people who support him who appeared to be nuts. aaron,ne last call, independent caller from tomorrow, maryland -- from upper marlboro, maryland. republicans do not join in immediately to condemn him, they are accessories to murder. in addition to that they will be complicit in fulfilling his prophecy of being able to shoot someone on fifth avenue and nothing happening. he just >> washington journal. every day, we take your calls on the news of the day and discuss

policy issues. discussion ofa president trump's legacy and the future of the republican party with henry olson. then we will talk about president trump's final days in office with the brookings institution's william goffson. watch washington journal live. be sure to join the discussion with your phone calls, text messages, facebook posts and tweets. >> there are more than 60 new members of congress. this diverse group includes first generation immigrants, state representatives, television reporters, and former athletes. watch our conversations with new members all this week at 8:00 p.m.. monday, meet marjorie taylor greene, madison hawthorne, diana harshbarger, and stephanie bice.

the 117thembers of congress all this week at 8:00 p.m. eastern on c-span, online at c-span.org, or listen on the c-span radio app. >> with the votes in the 2020 election confirmed by congress, attention turns to the inauguration of the 46th president. on january 20, joe biden and kamala harris take the oath of office as president and vice president of the u.s. 7:00ive coverage begins at a.m. eastern on wednesday, january 20. watch live on c-span, c-span.org, or listen with free c-span radio