groups following the fbi search of former president donald trump's home. sarah porter of arizona state university on drought conditions in western portions of the country and federal actions on water resources. ♪ host: good morning and welcome to the washington journal on this friday, august 19. we begin with your top news story of the week. here is how you can join. republicans, (202) 748-8001, democrats, (202) 748-8000, and independents, your line is (202) 748-8002. you can text us with your story

at (202) 748-8003. go to facebook.com/c-span or twitter with the handle at c-spanwj to join us. some of the top news stories dominating the newspapers this week and cable news. here's the wall street journal's headline. the judge that signed off on the fbi search of the former president's home yesterday in a florida courthouse said he will unseal parts of an affidavit that led to the search of the mar-a-lago club. the associated press reporting this morning that the former cfo, chief financial officer, of the trump organization pleaded guilty yesterday in a tax case to 15 counts. he has agreed as part of the plea deal to testify when that

case goes to court in october. he's also been sentenced to five months in jail at rikers. axios, this headline earlier this week. the president's former attorney, rudy giuliani, appearing before a georgia special grand jury in that election investigation down there in that state. those are the headlines on the former president. you also have the one-year anniversary of the exit of afghanistan and the taliban takeover. take a look at this headline from roll call. house republicans ramp up the pressure over the afghanistan exit. here's the top republican on the house foreign affairs committee, mike mccall, from earlier this week on that withdrawal. [video clip] >> there was no plan. to your point, even beforehand,

i think the state department probably did not have the resources it needed to carry out an evacuation of this size and enormity. they had 40 officers trying to process hundreds of thousands of people. they were overwhelmed but there were so many mistakes. the biggest one, having lived through -- being in the classified space, listening to the intelligence community till the story -- community tell the story that this will be imminent, that it will fall sooner than later, and then we went to state and the white house and they painted a rosy picture. there's a disconnect between intelligence on the ground and what the white house is doing and this report says it all. there's no way we are going to evacuate like vietnam and that is what happened. >> this was the minority report and the claim will be it is

inherently political and if the republicans win the majority november it will be a political line of attack. how do you respond? >> i was a federal prosecutor longer than a member of congress, almost 20 years, and i pride myself as being objective. this is a fairly objective report about the failures we made. one of the biggest was that the taliban's special envoy and general mckenzie made the offer, you can take control of kabul. >> mckinsey said that is not my assignment. >> that's not what the commander-in-chief told me. they run it to the white house and get no response and later jen psaki says she would not have approved that. we relied on the taliban to secure the perimeter. that led to the chaos and the suicide bomber that killed 13 servicemembers and killed

hundreds of people. it could have been avoided. host: from cbs's face the nation sunday. the top republican on the house foreign affairs committee, mike mccall, talking about the one-year anniversary of the taliban taking over afghanistan. the state department spokesperson, net price, push back on the criticism. [video clip] >> there is one fact this report ultimately either elides, ignores or misrepresents, and that is that we inherited an agreement. when this administration came into office, we inherited an agreement the last administration negotiated. it was not an agreement that we precisely would have negotiated but it is one that we inherited. as part of that, we inherited a

deadline, and among the elements that that agreement stipulated was the fact that, for all intents and purposes, the status quo by that time, 2500 u.s. forces, the smallest number of u.s. service members that had been in afghanistan since the start of the u.s. military operation there in the face of the strongest the taliban had been since 9/11, but that's the status quo, would not have been an option going forward. there were two options, really, that were available to this administration. it was to withdraw u.s. service members or double down for a renewed combat mission, and ultimately, president biden made clear that he was not willing to continue with an open ended military commitment where more

than 4500 -- 2500 american service members had made the ultimate sacrifice, more than $2 trillion in investment had been made and we had this agreement that, in many ways, precluded a fuller set of options, an agreement that had been in place for some time. host: that price, the spokesperson for the state department on the afghanistan -- ned price, the spokesperson for the state department on the afghanistan withdrawal. among other stories, liz cheney being defeated in that gop primary and president biden signing into law the inflation reduction act, dealing with health care, climate change, taxes, a sprawling bill, signing that into law.

what is your top news story? paul in charleston, south carolina, an independent. go ahead. caller: good morning. my top news story is when that is in the news but it's amazing that novak djokovic is going to be banned from the u.s. open because he's not vaccinated when we have thousands of people daily streaming across the border into the country unvaccinated. so it is hypocrisy. it is a shame because he's one of the great tennis players. unfortunate to see him and rafael the -- rafael nadal and roger federer, they are the three great tennis players, and to see him band for this is ridiculous. host: hi. caller: caller: good morning -- caller: good morning, c-span.

i want to talk about donald trump and his chances of becoming president. first of all, this january 6 -- are you listening to me? host: we are listening. caller: am i on the air? host: you are. caller: sorry. january 6 is nothing more than the -- more than a stalinist-type witchhunt that this president has been doing since he stepped off the elevator. there is not one person, not one person on that committee that said anything in defense of trump. they told many lies. so it is a phony committee. now we have another phony committee. nobody knows why and they won't tell us the truth because everything will be redacted, so we won't understand what the

impetus was for their going into an ex-president. this never happened in america since the beginning of america, so this is witchhunt number two, which is falling apart, and i want to thank liz cheney, because i think she's helping trump get elected with all her viciousness, so trump is going to get reelected. he's going to run again. this thing is already falling apart. they've got nothing on him. if they did, they would have shown it. they would have said, look. but nobody -- you will find out from the people doing this, none of them have said we will keep the investigation going because we have evidence trump committed a crime. they don't have evidence and

that is why they don't say it. host: ok. grant, heard your point. liz cheney, the congresswoman from wyoming, will continue to serve on that committee at least until the end of this congress. she lost her primary battle. here's a bit from her concession speech tuesday night. [video clip] >> we must be clear i'd about the threat we face and what is required to defeat it. i have set i will do whatever it takes to ensure donald trump is never again anywhere near the oval office and i mean it. [applause] this is a fight for all of us together. i'm a conservative republican. i believe deeply in the principles and ideals on which my party was founded. i love its history and i love what our party has stood for,

but i love my country more. [applause] so i ask you tonight to join me. as we leave here, let us resolve that we will stand together, republicans, democrats, and independents against those who would destroy our republic. they are angry and they are determined but they have not seen anything like the power of americans united in defense of our constitution and committed to the cause of freedom. there is no greater power on this earth. and with gods's help, we will prevail. host: congresswoman liz cheney conceding tuesday after losing her primary battle to republican harriet hagman. here's a little bit from her victory speech. [video clip] >> today, wyoming has spoken. [applause]

wyoming has spoken on behalf of everyone all across this great country who believes in the american dream, who believes in liberty and recognizes our national right to freedom of speech and freedom of religion, equal protection and due process. [applause] and the government cannot take them away. wyoming -- on behalf of everyone who understands that our government is one of, by, and for the people. [applause] and that we can and do control the levers of power when we engage, when we participate, and hold our elected officials accountable for their actions. [applause]

wyoming has spoken on behalf of everyone who is [indiscernible] and while it is not easy, we could dislodge politicians who believe they are above the people they were elected to represent. host: harriet hageman there. what is your top news story of the week? caller: the magistrate dealing with that sealed document. he's trying to cover his own butt by letting it out because donald trump's -- he's going to release that tape or where they were all walking around his home -- host: the warrant. caller: huh? host: the warrant?

caller: yeah. donald trump will release his surveillance tape. i wonder why they had to go through his wife's drawers and underclothes and closets and everything else. people will see that on national tv. that magistrate will have to answer a few questions. you know what, greta? i called a little early because you have one of my distant relatives coming up. host: ok. caller: my last name is porter. host: and? caller: i should have waited for her to come on. host: ok. all right. bill in orange park, florida, talking about sarah porter at arizona state talking about the western arizona drought at 9 a.m. eastern

lance, virginia beach, independent. caller: i want to talk about what's going on with the mar-a-lago situation because i think i have a little bit of insight because my dad is a hard-core republican, the kind of guy that, if i talk to him about anything, he won't give me any type -- host: max in springhill, florida, republican. caller: good morning. the biggest story is the takeover of america but for more specifically i want to express -- but for more's best us if it he -- maybe it was not the wisest thing to be talking to the taliban. not sure it was that smart.

however, there was a deal that was condition based, and had trump not been robbed of the election, he would have never closed bagram. i will be brief. president biden needs to be impeached and removed for treason and manslaughter of the 13 servicemembers that put the blood on biden's hands and all the afghans who got killed, ok? he should be removed from office and placed in prison for life. thank you. host: david is a republican in fayetteville, north carolina. hi, david. david, are you with us? caller: hi. good morning. mine would be the raid on mar-a-lago. is it normal now that the president can read the home of

an -- the president can raid the home of an opponent? it's never been done before. he set a bad precedent. also, if one of [no audio] host: alex in herndon, virginia, an independent. caller: good morning and thank you for c-span. i'm a little surprised about the pearl clutching on the right about the search warrant conducted by the property simply for the reason that we've had evidence that the trump family has been operating as a sort of criminal syndicate for some time and -- excuse me -- that it has

been using real estate for money laundering deals for years. we just saw the cfo plead guilty to a bunch of crimes as well as multiple associates of the past few years like paul manafort, george papadopoulos, and numbers overseas. and i believe it was two days ago or yesterday where there was an associate that was found killed outside their d.c. apartment that had links to russian organized crime, i believe a putin critic, so these are pretty dangerous people. for members of the gop and republican voters to be astounded at what's happening now is just really what's driving the divide in this country, i think, and -- excuse

me. host: you were referring to alan weisselberg, featured on the front page of the wall street journal, a longtime confidant of donald trump, they write, pleaded guilty to 13 felonies for what he admitted was a tax fraud scheme he committed while chief financial officer of the former's company. under the terms of his plea agreement, he will testify if called as a witness at the trump organization's trial, slated to take place in october. brenda in indiana, pennsylvania, democratic caller, good morning. caller: good morning. during liz cheney's speech, she mentioned that donald trump put out the names of the fbi agents at the home. this research only took place two weeks ago. i found it interesting that in the year and a half since the

presidential election of 2020, donald trump has not put out a single name of a dead person that voted, yet every republican claims there's thousands and thousands of dead people that voted in the 2020 election, yet donald trump has not been able to give us one name. neither has giuliani or sidney powell. nobody has given us any names yet he was right quick to give us the names of the fbi agents, so i think this should tell trumpsters something, that there was no fraud in the 2020 election. thank you. host: sean, republican in missouri, go ahead. caller: everybody talks about biden but doesn't talk about what trump did, used the white house for money -- he --

host: we are listening, sean. you said used the white house for money. caller: yeah. he also did an insurrection on our capitol. he talked about biden going to prison but what about trim going to prison for what he did -- what about trump going to prison for what he did? host: ok. chris, amarillo, texas, democratic caller. your top news story of the week. caller: i'm a democrat in amarillo, texas and it is difficult to be a democrat out here. i'm also a criminal defense attorney and i notice a lot of republicans talking about illegal search, and i looked back on my experience with federal and state courts and what people don't realize is there has to be probable cause

that there's evidence of some crime at a location for cops to go search. they submit the affidavit to the judge and the judge looks at it and decides is there probable cause. that's an evidentiary standard. so if the president gets indicted for a crime, the defense attorney can look at that and argue there's no probable cause, throw the case out. in federal cases, no one gets to see the probable cause affidavit until after the indictment, but in this case, lawyers are arguing there's a public policy consideration. it's a matter of public concern and we need to release it. and i understand that argument. my experience, though, whenever these -- it concerns me to hear people say the fbi is corrupt without hearing the evidence. that concerns me and i can foresee people having a negative view of law enforcement in

general, even defense attorneys in court arguing in the future that the sheriff's department is corrupt, the police department is corrupt, state troopers are corrupt. i think painting the fbi in a negative light is very damaging to our country, actually.

caller: my guess is they have an informant talking to the fbi behind the president's back. host: why? caller: they want someone to corroborate what they think the president has. they think he has documents he should not have that are secret. i don't really buy this story that he's unable to declassify documents on a whim. i think he needs to go through a

procedure to declassify the so they -- declassify them so they had to be acting on information from his inner circle. that's a traditional method of getting probable cause for search. an informant told me there's illegal narcotics in the house. host: ok. mary in st. petersburg, florida, democratic caller. good morning to you. caller: i was calling in reference to the deal that just past, which is great, because we need something like that. host: are you talking about the inflation reduction act the president signed? caller: right. i think it is a great idea. if we had a republican in there, it never would have went, and they don't care about poor people. not one republican voted on this and i hope they know that those people that didn't vote for that

-- i mean, i don't understand why they would vote for republicans when they didn't really care about the elderly, and i think it should have been for everybody, really, because we have young people that are sick and we need to have that for everyone. host: all right. the president signing that bill into law tuesday. here he is talking about the recent legislative victory. [video clip] >> today, too often, we confuse noise with substance, too often we confuse setbacks with defeat, we hand the biggest microphones to the critics and cynics while those committed to making progress do the hard work of governing. making progress in this country as big and complicated as ours is not easy. it's never been easy, but with

unwavering conviction, commitment and patience, progress does come. and when it does, like today, lives become better, the future becomes brighter and the nation can be transformed. that's what's happening now. from the american rescue plan that helped create nearly 10 million new jobs to an infrastructure job to rebuild america's roads, bridges, ports, deliver clean water and high-speed internet to every american, to the first major gun safety law in 30 years, and a significant veterans health care law, to a groundbreaking ships and science law that will ensure that the technology and jobs of the future are made here in america, in america. [applause] all this progress is part of our

vision and plan and determined effort to get the job done for the american people. host: president biden this week touting legislative victories during his tenure ahead of the midterm elections. the washington post with the political story this morning, the senate minority leader, mitch mcconnell, leader for the republicans, warning his party may not win the senate as groups linked to him invest heavily in ohio for that senate race. asked wednesday by reporters in kentucky about his midterm predictions, mcconnell said there's probably a greater likelihood the house flips than the senate. the races are different. they are statewide. candidate quality has a lot to do with the young come, he said -- with the outcome, he said. in a year where republicans have an advantage over democrats, especially as biden's

approval ratings sag and inflation is time, some republican senate candidates are struggling. caller, your top news story. caller: i have two observations and then my comment. number one, when you get together with all the people that run this program, if you notice, we have to call in under independent, republican, democrat. you guys never concede what you really are. you have a point of view and you have an affiliation, but you keep it secret, and to me it is disingenuous. that's number one. number two, i would love for you, just like you drag on liz cheney at every opportunity that you get to have people like maranda devine, i will never see

that on your program because it doesn't fit the narrative. you will not put people like mark levin out there. so that to me is a problem because we don't get the overall two sides of the story. certain stories, just like from the beginning, when biden was running, hunter biden was protected and he's still being protected and it will continue because certain programs have a narrative. that being said, i cannot stand when the biden administration puts out things like it is an inflation reduction bill. that is so far from the truth. it is the biggest lie but everybody repeats it. remember when everybody repeated the fact that inflation is transitory? have you heard that before?

every newscaster, including this one here, keeps repeating that. we don't have open borders then. no, no, you are misguided. there's no open borders. we are being deceived, lied to, and the lies keep on going. unfortunately. that's not good for the country because a lot of people far for -- a lot of people fall for, when biden gets up and reads something from a teleprompter that was written for him, and people repeat the same thing over and over and over again. so it's a big problem. and we are talking -- and are we talking about the fentanyl coming across the border? no. the people coming across the border not being checked for covid? no. what are we doing here? host: whoever sits in this chair is the moderator of a

conversation and it is our job to facilitate the back-and-forth between you, an independent, a republican, a democrat and whoever is at the table. our guests have a conversation. it is our job to stay neutral in that role here when we are sitting in the host's chair. that is what we are trying to do. we don't give our opinions and that's not important in this role because we are trying to be a moderator. go to our website, c-span.org, and at the top you will see a search engine. that is where you can put in the names, mark levin or whoever else, to see what we have covered. we also break down our show by series, so you can go to the washington journal on our website. you can search within the

washington journal those topics you brought up, borders, the southern border, fenton -- fentanyl, and you will find we have had many conversations about these topics. so go to our website, c-span.org. we have a treasure trove on our archive going back our entire history and you can find it all their. lance in virginia beach, an independent. caller: my line got disconnected. i wanted to comment on what the guy just talked about. the whole fake news thing, and first of all, this show is the most neutral show i have seen. to say that you will silence someone, they can just call in and say whatever they want, so there's no way you are redacting anything. host: ok.

what was your other comment? caller: i was talking about my dad. my dad is a lifelong republican and a civil servant. he worked up and now is an officer for the army, a transportation logistics guy, and i've never seen him go against anything fox news has ever said, but with this mar-a-lago thing, nbc was having a debate about whether or not republicans are actually going to pay attention to this, and for the first time, my dad had no response to because he -- response to it because he handles classified documents all the time and he knows this is bad. host: ok. brian, greenville, north carolina, republican. good morning. caller: good morning.

i'm a republican. i've been a republican all my life. i voted in -- free democrats -- for democrats, against my party at times. i vote with my heart. i vote for who i feel will do the best job, and i don't think people realize how good of a job trump did when he was in office. he took on so many things all over the world affecting us, including our borders, including our economy, ok, and china came along and gave us the coronavirus and put everything back, ok, but the democrats use this to blaine trump for it, ok? and they seem to forget that, i

remember, when trump left office, my gas cost me $1.8 a gallon. how much is it now for america? on average, four dollars a year. i hear it is a little down from five dollars, ok? now the borders are open and carmella is not doing anything. it is supposed to be her job. as far as bringing in diseases and parasites and people who are not checked and just walk across and they are shipped off to new york or wherever, bussing them, flying them, causing airfare and travel inconveniences and cancellations for them to travel better. the american people -- host: what evidence do you have of that, that there's a

connection between the airline cancellations and immigrants? caller: they stated it on the news. they even stated the airline that was being most affected by it. host: which news? caller: it was local news. north carolina local news. i don't know. spectrum. and as far as -- all i am trying to say is i don't know if people are blinded by their convictions for their parties or what, but right now, we are headed for a depression if biden stays in there and keeps up with what his administration is pushing for, ok? people are hurting worse than they have ever heard in 20, 30 years -- ever hurt in 20, 30 years. why? because he's decided to cut the pipelines and do this and do

that. the gas is up. the food is up. everything is up. host: i will move onto gregory in manchester, new jersey, democratic caller. caller: good morning. i just have to say some of these people seem to call in every day with their same, you know, points of view. anyway, my concern is with the border crossings, and i think, like what the governors of arizona and texas are doing, is illegal. to me, they are kidnapping people, and i don't know why anybody does not bring this point up and question what they are doing. that's my point of view. and, you know, i wish people would look into that. it is like, can anybody -- what they have people kidnapped and sent back to those states?

why can they do it and not others? that's the question then. host: all right. don in california, a republican. your top news story of the week. caller: the top news story is this affidavit on the raid at mar-a-lago. to me and a lot of other people out there, we think the reason why they don't want to release this affidavit is we are going to see the excuse, the unnamed sources, the nothing that was in that affidavit that generated a warrant. we are also going to see that the documents were not the only reason they were going out there. they did not grab trump's passport by accident. they absolutely believe, just like with this trump russia thing, that the fantasy they generated in their mind about

trump, they were going to find evidence of it, and the other part of the story that's huge that nobody seems to be talking about is the white house denying that a raid on a former president of the united states is not warranted. that's watergate. ok? this is what's going on now with the biden administration. the top republican in the country, a former president of the united states, his house is going to be rated and we did not get a heads up so we can assess the liability of it? how stupid do they think the american people are? they think we are stupid enough to believe that if you name a bill the inflation reductive

-- reduction act it will actually reduce inflation. they must think we are stupid. host: shirley, good morning. caller: i would say to all these republicans that they are blind. everybody that testified were republicans. ok. you talk about the borders. ok. he took all the money. trump let him keep it. then he pardoned the man from it. wake up. all of this about abortion, a woman's right to her body is her choice. taking books out of school. no. you don't want people to know what america was about then? come on now, people. you are not blind and you know all these officials, these

republicans that have come in and testified against trump, that they -- are they corrupt too? you know, everybody is corrupt against trump. i see where he did nothing but fill his pockets and his family's pockets. read. read. and stop believing a big lie. host: all right, shirley. earl is in georgia. caller: good morning. host: good morning. caller: it is amazing to be alive this morning. i want to hit on some of the stuff. i heard about this young man chris spoke the truth about this mar-a-lago thing.

people need to come to the consensus that donald trump is the only president that brought this much chaos into the american people's lives today. he's the only president that came into office that started all this chaos amongst black and white people and people need to see through this kind of stuff, you know? by him taking all this stuff to his house, i have been in the military, ok? i have seen stuff that i cannot talk about, ok? we should -- he should have never taken that stuff to his house. in his home, walking around, looking for evidence. host: ok. joe, stamford,

connecticut, independent. caller: good morning. host: go ahead. caller: good morning. host: good morning. caller: ok. good morning. can you hear me? host: you have to turned on your television. mute it. we are listening. caller: my tv is muted, greta. host: ok. then go. caller: a couple callers -- i'm talking, greta. you can't hear me? host: we can hear you but you cannot hear us. lawrence in maryland, democratic caller. caller: i'm very sorry with this -- because if they know what's going on in the third world, in countries like china, north

korea -- china, russia, they will understand this is not something they have to measure up with because none of these people can live in china. none of them can live in north korea. none of them can even live in russia. all these republicans that are saying this and that about biden because countries like that, if you point the finger to a policeman, you disappear. they don't know what freedom is. if you lose it, you will understand. we come from third world countries where you don't even have a voice, you know? you go to the bus stop, the bus is late two minutes, they complain like they want to die.

other places, you missed the bus, you have to come back the next day. host: where are you from? caller: cameroon. i don't know if they are blind or if it is some kind of idiocy, but they want people to be that way so they can control them, and that is capitalism. they should increase the minimum wage. they don't want to increase minimum wage. why don't you want to increase the minimum wage and say you are taking care of your people? host: ok. caller: you should wake up. host: mike in rockford, illinois, independent. your top news story of the week. caller: the timing of the search warrant on trump was suspicious to me, being it was a day after

the $740 billion package went through. i was thinking there would be some kind of a version as soon as that got passed and there was with the raid. that's one. i found out the tsa is now allowed to make arrests if a warrant pops up. nobody is talking about that. we are talking about the irs buying weapons and ammo, which is alarming. and after we lost 5 million jobs a month a year ago to the mandate of the vaccine, there's a lot of jobs on the market. my question is, how many of those are for the vaccinated or the unvaccinated? that's another question i have. another thing is china is going toe to toe with us. they are buying farmland,

putting up solar fields, going in minute domain -- going against eminent domain. why are we telling china we will send all their students back, stop sending your number one resource, our scrap steel. why are we keeping our own scrap and telling china -- why aren't we keeping our own scrap and telling china this is what we are going to do? c-span showed boris johnson couple weeks ago testifying in front of his party and admitting to having secret meetings with russian intelligence, trump's buddy, and also admitted the depleted military stock of england, the destroyers they didn't have and other things,

i'm wondering if the same thing happened in america. has anyone taken an inventory after afghanistan and ukraine and the supply chain issues to restock our stuff? and we are telling our servicemen we cannot give them the arms they need. at the same time, we are selling this stuff. and what did trump do when he gave away $85 billion and afghanistan -- billion in afghanistan? what did he get from that? host: ray in pennsylvania, democratic caller. good morning. caller: first of all, my main story would be the war in mar-a-lago, but i just wanted to tell you don't listen to the guys who call you and say you have some secret agenda. they do that all the time. all they are trying to do is

hammer you guys enough so that you will move over to the right. they won't be satisfied until the mark levin you were talking about is running your show. another thing is the border. the border, the border, millions of people, millions and millions coming in every day. mexico should be empty. there shouldn't be anyone left in mexico. i don't know why they keep saying that because, for hundreds of years, we have had the border and, if millions of people had come up, that place should be a ghost town. another issue -- back to the warrant. if anybody thinks the cia or the nsa didn't have bugs on trump for the whole time he was president and after than i have some swampland i'd like to

sell you in florida because they probably had his place bugged so much that he couldn't do anything without them knowing. i imagine they do that to every president until they find out if he's a guy that will give away secrets. that's what i think happened. as far as milani and going through her underwear drawer, she spent half her life showing us her underwear. host: let's move on. surely, mansfield, ohio, democratic caller. caller: good morning. i listen to c-span every day if i can and i approve of what joe biden has done with the budget. that's one of my biggest issues and i don't know where these people live, but if you don't pay the prices for this high-priced merchandise, it will come down. our walmarts are reducing stuff down to one dollars, some of it is $.50. they cannot sell it.

people have enough stuff and i do not eat like i used to because with my weight gain i don't need it. there's a woman in florida and the governor is forcing her to have a child against her will. how have we come to the point to treat a young lady like that, like she has no rights at all? the governor of florida is a horrible person. every day, he comes up with something to hurt somebody. and i will tell you something, greta. god has gotten tired of carrying this whole sinful world and we have to take a look at how we are doing, treating each other, and as far as mar-a-lago, these republicans know what they and trump have done. he's given secrets away in florida and he strikes me as a neighborhood bully holding onto things, holding them over another kid's head until it benefits him, and then he can

use it. and people are complaining about your all's program. you do a wonderful job. you give republicans more than fair time to voice their opinion. you gave republicans the other day the whole show, for over an hour, and all they did was lash out and call people names. they don't even pronounce kamala harris's name correctly. i love your program. you have a good day, ma'am. host: herbert in baton rouge, louisiana, independent. caller: yes. my top story would be the crime, which is fostered by these democrat district attorneys who have been supported by george soros. george soros is economy --

is a communist and he's sending hundreds of millions of dollars into this country to cause as much chaos as he can and there's chaos. you cannot walk the streets anymore. you cannot go shopping. you cannot own a jewelry store without animals coming in, breaking everything and stealing merchandise, not paying for it -- they are stealing it. but you know, i have lived a long time, that is kind of the democrat way of doing things. if you want it, go get it, steal it, do whatever you have got to do. host: donna, new york, republican. your top story of the week. caller: hi. i'm curious on hunter biden. what happened to that story? his computer.

also, the comment that trump basically got rich from the democratic party and that's not true. he didn't even get rich from being the president. also, the border. we just had two buses trucked in at night in new york city and i want to know where is the money, the funds to live in new york? it is taking money away from everybody in new york to bring these immigrants in from kentucky to hear. edit has to stop. host: dale in ohio, democratic caller, our last in the first hour. go ahead. caller: i just want to say one thing this morning. it is amazing the republican

party says that donald trump, they went after him when he came down the escalator, but that's not true. i want the republicans and the democrats to google all the lawsuits that donald trump has had in the past three decades. that's 30 years. before he even wanted to be president. they were already asking him. it's all a lie. 3500 lawsuits of him and his firm before he even thought about being president. this man has bunches of houses, mar-a-lago. why would i give this man all this money and he's supposed to be a millionaire or a billionaire? he told everybody to be in d.c. on january 6. it is amazing. and after everybody got picked up and in jail and all the stuff. i hope they don't want to start

no war because donald trump can't do anything for you. google how many lawsuits he's had in the past three decades before he came down the escalator. we will turn our attention to the rise in threads and other federal enforcement agencies. we will talk to katherine keneally and then we will talk to sarah porter from arizona state university and the devastating droughts that are on their way. but tv every sunday on c-span two features leading authors discussing their nonfiction

books. and then at 9:00 p.m. fox news post david goodwin argues that the k through 12 system is teaching kids to hate america. watch online, anytime on book tv.org. nobody ever thought that this was ever going to happen that paris would succumb to the nazis. the city of lights was supposed to be this bastion of enlightenment and freethinking and an open society. when the nazis got into poland

there were vast executions. it was terrible. they executed liberals. they executed the thinkers. everybody was scared as they came towards paris that that would happen in paris as well. martin to guard the author of "taking a paris." is liberation by american and russian forces in 1944. you can listen to q&a and all of our podcasts on our new c-span now network. "washington journal," continues. joining us this morning is katherine keneally she is here to talk about domestic terrorist threats. what is your group and what sort of tracking do you do of these groups that we are talking about?

guest: thank you for having me. the institute of strategic dialogue is a global organization that looks at extremist threats across the ideological spectrum. both domestic extremism to islamic radical extremism. what we do is track a variety of groups as well as a loose network of individuals affiliated with extremism. what the end goal is informing policy as identifies and threats. these threats can lead to individuals, specific trends that pose threats. or it could be threats to the election. there is a broad range, but at the end of the day, it is getting a better understanding of the threat of extremism is,

how we can identify it and move on. the internet is an expensive place and most of our efforts is online. through our individual research we have researchers are in spaces such as meta-, instagram and formal social media spaces and french spaces. there are platforms such as for chan places you would see manifestoes posted. we look at both groups that are operating on there. it is a very expensive way of looking at it. these groups can be difficult to track.

host: can you give us names of some groups that you track that are helpful names to people who are watching this morning? guest: i think it is important that guest look at these groups that we understand that is a broader umbrella, a broader spectrum that are radicalizing online. the proud boys, patriot front that are operating online but are engaging in real-world activities like in idaho such as proud boys that are attending lgbt q activities. we see individuals groups, the

group is less important. what is important is the threat of this violent rhetoric that people are radicalizing through. that is what is more important. these specific groups, you can read literally every single article, every single thing about patriot front and you are just getting a tiny sliver of what that threat is. host: you mentioned conservative groups or right-leaning groups, are there left-leaning groups or people who are posing a threat? guest: sure, the far left and the far right both pose a threat in some way. what i think it is important to characterize is that both of those are politically charged. i will disagree with you.

far indicates that there is an interest of violence. what the data shows the far right poses a much greater threat. we are seeing everything from the attack in buffalo to el paso, the attack at the fbi facility last week. you see proud boys attending drag queen story hour. we are seeing an increasing number of threads targeting election workers. threatening election officials to leave their jobs. this extremist rhetoric is certainly increasing and disseminating from the far right. host: what do you think is bubbling under the surface that

our decision makers in washington are not taking seriously enough? if that even exists? guest: the stress of domestic violence extremism is very urgent and it is very real. i want to stress that it is not new. we have seen this type of extremism or longer. we have three resurgence as of the kkk. in the 1980's there was a string of bank robberies, there was militia that had a standoff with the government. what is new, there is an increasing shift from rhetoric, this violent rhetoric posed mar-a-lago to action that was driven by an increasing number

of americans that believe that it is socially acceptable to engage in violence with the events i don't believe in. more people feel emboldened to engage in violence. that is socially acceptable. you would engage in violence with the new immigration policy. what we need to pay attention to is why do people feel emboldened to engage in violence? why do they think it is ok? we are seeing that much of this rhetoric, especially after mar-a-lago is that high profile, mainstream individuals are

amplifying this rhetoric, that is directed from everything to the government, to democrats, to people of color and members of the lgbtq community. these are high profile individuals that have power and are emboldening americans to give legitimacy to the violent rhetoric that they are sharing. enough people are not paying attention to and if we do not, i am concerned that this will get out of hand. host: i want to show you a moment from the january 6 committee hearings. this took place on july 12. jamie raskin asked a former oath keeper about the motivations of the oath keepers founder, stuart rose, and the january 6 attack and donald trump's appeal to the group. [video clip]

in the run-up to january 6, stuart rose involved president trump to call up malicious to put down a rebellion against the united states. i want to hear your thoughts about this and your context with their relationship to stuart rose. i understand that you had conversation with rose about the insurrection act. what did he think it would allow the oath keepers to do? >> i think it gave him a sense of legitimacy that it was a path forward to move forward with his goals and agendas. i think we need to quit mincing words and talk about truths and what it was going to be was an armed revolution. people died that day. law enforcement died this day.

there was a gallows set up in front of the capital. this could have been this mark but started a new civil war and no one would have one there. that would've been good for no one. he was always looking for ways to legitimize what he was doing. whether by wrapping it in the trappings of it is not a militia it was a community preparedness community. it is a veteran support group. again, we have to stop with this dishonesty in the mincing of words and call things what they are. he is a militia leader. he had visions of being a paramilitary leader. the insurrection act would have given him a path forward with that. the fact that the president was communicating, whether directly or indirectly, would have given

him the nod. all i can do is think the gods that things did not go worse. >> what did the oath keepers see in president trump? >> they saw the opportunity to become a paramilitary force. host: the outcome of what you heard there about what they were seen from the president trump, this paramilitary group. what is the threat of that? guest: i think the threat that we saw during january 6 when a variety of groups, including the oath keepers through this act is a concern. one thing i want to stress is

that if there was any attempt to do so, that is many reason why the january 6 committee hearings was so important. it is a concern. the oath keepers are just a small -- a number of individuals are using mar-a-lago as a conspiratorial claim. everything from the fbi is corrupt. the u.s. government, if they are

coming after tribe, they will come after you next. all americans should be treated equally under the law. the use of this event, is not dissimilar to what we have been seeing in the past. you could look to ruby ridge. following that incident, they sent a very similar message. the u.s. government will come after you next. if they will kill a mother who was an ideological figure to them. they are coming after you next. that was a major surge or extremist. that is exactly what we are seeing with mar-a-lago now. they are using this moment to recruit individuals on this theory that if the search

warrant can happen they are coming after you next. it is so important to pay attention here. it is a very important moment. it is important for us to recognize that they are doing this so we can stem the flow of radicalization and shift to extremism. host: jerome and d.c., and independent. caller: good morning. host: question or comment. caller: i was wondering what data you guys have accumulated when it comes to the black lives matter. guest: black lives matter movement. we look at extremism on an ideological spectrum. extremism, by definition, are groups that try to insight

change through violence, not through peaceful methods. while there have been incidents, black lives matters we track. when you look at all extremist through the ideological spectrum's. host: what about nt 4.0? guest: sort of similar to that, we look across the ideological spectrum. regardless if they are far right or far left, conspiracy, it's whatever. indicators of violence, sharing propaganda that is calling for a specific act of violence. it could be trying to recruit members for violence. the key is violent action. should we see specific groups

radicalizing online for that, we are looking for that. host: we go to kansas city, a democratic caller. mute your television please. caller: i was actually calling, that first topic. the problem i see why they rated trumps place because he is already proved that he is a criminal. then also, perpetuating that big lie with making racial tension grow. and also, trout new that he really stole the election and

just won't give up the ghost. right now, he is just raising money for his own coffers. i just feel that way. that is just terrible. he is just raising millions of dollars trying to perpetuate saying his candidacy. host: i am just going to jump in, the racial aspect of those comments. guest: white supremacist, white nationalist. race is central to a. what is important take away here, when high profile

individuals, trump or whomever. very violent, hostile rhetoric directed at people of color immigrants, it is important to know that while they may not be directly calling for violence, it does embolden certain individuals to take action against those groups. mainstream media is saying that it does matter. it has an impact. host: trump and allies raising funds off of the funds of the raid of mar-a-lago. why are they able to capitalize on what happened at mar-a-lago? guest: similar to what i

previously noted about this narrative of the claims that the u.s. will be after you next, it could radicalize extremist it can be used as a fundraising effort. when you are told that the government is going to be coming after you next. in these echo chambers, the french media. whatever you are reading. when you are repeating the being told that you will be next. that is what we are seeing here. the use of this event is being used to fund raise they are using this fear that is unfounded. host: over to nebraska, jerry is

a republican. caller: i know you don't want to talk about the extremist like antifa burning courthouses in the hundreds of cops that were hurt and people against the police. i know you don't want to talk about that. you have to be fair on that. host: let's take that point. katherine keneally. i actually come from the background of an nypd analyst. the threat to law enforcement is something that i take seriously and i do recognize that across the ideological spectrum, far left, far right that law

enforcement is targeted. the messages that are being used is different. we have been seeing an increase law enforcement being threatened and killed. but the differences in the messages. with the far right, an increase in propaganda, a very start propaganda. featuring the murder of police officer. it is being used to radicalize individuals to specifically target law enforcement. if we look just to last week when an individual attempted to kill fbi agents as a reaction to

mar-a-lago those are the tactics we are seeing. the far left when actions are taken, they target law enforcement. but when you look online, they are not meeting the level of the far right. host: since the eighth of august, 2022. the fbi and the whole plan security department they have identified multiple threats. the fbi and dhs have served the personal identification

information disseminated online as possible targets. guest: i want to stress, law enforcement is infrequently targeted by these groups. there was a call for a dock seeing, releasing identifiable information and it resulted as threats against these individuals. there are high profile individuals emboldening these individuals. it poses a major threat.

it resulted in this attack on the fbi office in ohio. it opposes a risk against the fbi in this increasing rhetoric will hurt them and it is becoming so socially acceptable that this will not be the last time we see law enforcement targeted. if we are not paying attention to this, this is something we will continue to see. host: let's go to anthony in fayetteville, north carolina. caller: thank you. i am an intelligence officer who has a few years in that field.

words we have to look at our truth and trust. therefore, let's look at it from this perspective. truth and trust are the ebony and ivory keys of leadership. only making music like a piano went side-by-side and properly tuned. and threats and extremist groups that we have encountered always have a musical background to them. these campaigns have music behind them. they are finding alliances so they can find out who can be side-by-side.

what is your top story for 2023. several years ago you and i spoke and i talked about propaganda. propaganda is a way that you can destroy your adversary without having to build expensive systems because you just destroyed the individuals who are going to be using those systems. host: katherine keneally is shaking her head. guest: the emphasis on truth and trust. you make a fantastic point. the problems that we are currently seeing is that there are nefarious actors. there are individuals who are using their megaphones via elected officials and people with their own media platforms

who are spreading claims that are frequently false or they are violent in nature. they are radicalizing people and they are able to do so because they are viewed as honest and trusted. when people recognize that they have that power, it is much easier now that we have social media and the ability to create your own profiles online, your own media sites. it is powerful. there are good people using it and there are bad people using it. the problem right now is that the bad people using it are in high positions of power. and again, it continues to show that words truly do matter and i really appreciate the point you made. host: kelly and longview, texas, a republican. caller: i have three or four

points here. an hour ago i saw liz cheney on your program. she was talking about we must stand up with any means necessary to prevent donald trump from reentering the white house. to me that is insurrection talk. maxine waters, her famous yet loud, the get in their face. the protests were allowed to continue in front of the justices homes that continued today. that is illegal. senator cotton, he gave them the statues it is intimidating justices to vote a certain way. the right is saying that the government is coming after you.

as soon as the abortion ruling hit, all of the left said, look out, you are next. the government is coming after you next. that is fear mongering also. you have to be on both sides of the story. host: go ahead katherine. guest: i hear you. we look at extremists on both sides of the spectrum. i am not looking at efforts to prevent trump from running. i do hear you when you say that we saw an increase post the overturn of roe v. wade. you are absolutely accurate in saying that there was an increase in calls for violence. what is different is that these

calls for violence, these hostile responses saw a significant decrease since that ruling. we have seen sustained violent rhetoric from the far right. the differences here, post roe v. wade there has been a decrease. we are not seeing that from the far right. this has been continuously increasing. there is no signal that it is going to stop. that is why we have to pay close attention to it. host: what is your message to

both parties about the words that they use? guest: plain and simple, words matter. i would implore people to look at the number of comments of videos. it elicited a hostile response. in fact, i can quote one of his responses to a video about monkeypox in june in which he stated, fight with legal fours for your freedom. america's data before they can

do it again. i think there are a lot of lessons that can be learned from that. we would see on the surface, a video about monkeypox. i am not here to name and shame. it elicited of violent response. there were thousands of comments that the individual responded to before the attack. see how many people respond to it. how many people feel emboldend by what i say. media should report the news honestly and it should not be used to start this warlike

rhetoric that is just emboldening people. caller: you are saying any white person who engages in action is racist. we have a right to say what we want to say. i am sorry she wants to censor everyone. but what ruby ridge dead, she brought up, it was wrong. if she wasn't, something was wrong with her. guest: what is your response to donna? what i want to note is there is certainly a difference between free speech and rhetoric that is

violent and groups that radicalize online. free speech as part of the american way. it is one of our many rights. there is a difference when the speech that you are using is purposefully and tactically trying to encourage people to engage in violence. i think the killing of a mob is horrible. but the take away from that is that extremist groups took this incident, took this mess up by the government and used it as a radicalization tactic to recruit for extremist groups. that is the difference here. it is individuals who is using

that incident to radicalize online. when you are trying to overthrow the government, that is not something that should be ignored. host: we will go to wake forest, north carolina. jason, republican. caller: domestic terror threats in extremist groups. the largest domestic terror groups in the country? you are the domestic terrorists. you people are the ones that sat on tv while black demo kryst terrorist destroyed america.

did you ever call them terrorists? host: we are going to move on. kathleen in kansas. caller: i would like to bring us back to the point are why so many of these people in my mind seemingly above the law? look how many times trump was asked to turn these documents over? they asked him to turn these documents over, you can have them. and now, he was given every chance. so yeah, they did a search warrant. the statement trump made, he specifically mentioned that for all he knew, the fbi could

have some evidence. then how many days later? the fbi office is attacked and they are trying to kill them. listen to the words this man says. he incites this stuff. he starts it. then he sits back while everybody else runs and does it. it's wink wink, the fbi could've planted it? it's so obvious to me the things this man says and the congress, they just taken a run with it. host: i will have katherine keneally respond to you. guest: i appreciate what you are

saying. yes, this rhetoric is stirring the pot. it is worsening the situation and leading to a conspiracy theory. it is not solely because of trump. it is not because of one person. that is something i want to stress here. only when we could realize how dynamic this threat is. that solution will require changes in social media. retraining of law enforcement. increased accountability for people who are amplifying violent rhetoric that leads to real world action. it will require a dynamic response. it is worsening the situation but i want to stress the problem

that we are seeing, this emerging threat of domestic violent extremism is a complicated issue. host: facebook brought you in as a consultant to change their platform, what would you suggest? guest: one thing we frequently have been seeing is that there are a number of french websites. websites that you would normally see if you performed a google search that are sharing very extremist propaganda. one thing that we are seeing is that these websites like meta, like twitter are not - they are using their websites to link to their websites of concern to share their propaganda. so making sure that we are

finding their websites through youtube comments. you would never come in contact with it through google tiktok, twitter three meta. host: from princeton, indiana. a democratic caller. caller: i have to ask you a question. i look at the conservative movement as a puppy that was restrained with the chain as a young puppy and over the years, continue to be starved, beaten, whipped. the owner came out one day. puppy has turned into a violent dog. i don't understand why.

that poor dog wants to bite me and i will have to put the dog down. i listen to people like yourself who claimed that you have no responsibility for the outrage and the concern. the truth loving, the family oriented christian people in this country are having and you don't like act like it's your responsibility or people like you are the people that you support. you support the establishment. you have no understanding at all , the puppy that has been beaten for years now was to try and bite you. you talk about misinformation. when you have 23 security experts including the head of the cia claim that the laptop

from hunter biden was russian disinformation, these are the most virtuous, their moral compass is at the highest levels. yet we are told that was russian disinformation prior to an election. they are trying to manipulate the people. host: so katherine keneally, your response? guest: we look at extremism, and that a separate from what i am talking about. second, i do hear you and i hear what you are saying. i am based in montana. i have a very unique background. i come from a farm town in rural montana.

i understand that some of these christian families will give you the shirt off their back. i am talking about violent extremists that planned violence. that is different from political ideologies that you are discussing. host: to his point, about who can be radicalize. what are the characteristics that you find? guest: it is a common mistake about who can be radicalize. the kids who sit alone at the lodge tybalt. the indicators about who is most susceptible. what we can do is look at the

systems that are in place that are increasing radicalization. like what i mentioned, the social media platforms. the type of actor spreading disinformation. host: what about the role the government has played and not disclosing information then being accused of hiding information or not telling the american people the truth throughout our history and that leading to a situation where the american people do not trust government institutions? guest: america has a long history of not talking about things. we could talk all day about how that is problematic. what i can say from a law enforcement perspective is that there are reasons why certain information cannot be shared especially when it impacts an

ongoing investigation. as a nation, we are open to sharing facts. we have to have open conversations. in this instance, there is an open investigation and there are reasons why that can't be disclosed. host: a democratic caller. caller: your guess is so deceitful. it is incomprehensible. it should be mandatory to watch called richard jewell. he was murdered by the fbi. they choreographed his complete annihilation. he was never -- this was a conscientious, security guard he was completely destroyed by an institution that was supposed to

be the department of justice. my friend who was part of the occupy wall street movement was approached by an fbi agent trying to provoke violence. your guest is a shill. anyone listening to you should have your head examined. host: i will have katherine keneally respond to you. what are the numbers? you look at the data. what are the numbers? what groups are radicalizing and how quickly, what is their threat? guest: when it comes to radicalization, it is important to recognize that the threat of extremism is not specifically groups. it is often loose, interconnected individuals online. there are not specific numbers

when it comes to groups. you don't necessarily need to be a member of a group to engage in violence. in response to the comment, it is not alive. it is clear that the government has made mistakes. there is a difference between responding to those mistakes with violence targeting a number of individuals, trying to overthrow the government as a whole. you should be responding to those mistakes by promoting accountability not responding with violence to people of color. those individuals should not be targeted with violence because government made mistakes. host: katherine keneally, thank you for the conversation this

morning. guest: thank you i appreciate it. host: we will take a break. in our last hour, we will speak to arizona state university" sarah porter about the drought affecting the western state. we will be right back. >> american history tv saturdays on c-span2 exploring the people and events that tell the american story. at 8:50 mark clegg at the university of michigan recounts the history of the star-spangled banner. and at 10:00 p.m. eastern lou

treece donaldson reports on how black soldiers during world war i use their service to further civil rights saturday on c-span2. watch online anytime at c-span2/history. live september 4. steven hayward will be our guest to talk about ronald reagan's political career. "the age of regan," series. join in the conversation with your phone calls, facebook comments and tweets. in depth with steven hayward on

book tv. on c-span2. "washington journal," continues. for the next half an hour we will get your top news story of the week. host: some of the headlines dominating the newspaper are the former presidents legal strife. we also have the one-year anniversary of the taliban takeover of afghanistan and on tuesday, president biden signed into law the so-called inflation reduction act. the law on climate change, taxes and health care. those are some of the national headlines. but we want to know from you, what is your top story of the week.

this is from the wall street journal, the justice signed the warrant to search his home, he will unseal parts of the affidavit that led to the search. he has given the government one week to suggest reductions of that affidavit. you also have the former cfo of the trump organization pleading guilty to 15 counts in a tax case and he has agreed to testify in the new york state case which will go to court in october. axios with this headline rudy giuliani appeared before a georgia special grand jury in that state's investigation of the 2020 election. those are some of the headlines you can comment on. marty and el paso, texas.

caller: i am in mesa, arizona. i am curious as to why there is not more discussion about how the people that support the republican party in the case of liz cheney are compromised by her attempt to get to the truth. i just want someone in the media to address the fact that the common people are rallying around the appearance of criminal and irreverent actions of the republican party. i don't understand it. i wish i could make it more clear.

it just seems that americans, i will say white americans in particular have gone so extreme against the principles that they originally stood for which were god and country. i see none of that in the activity especially in relation to list cheney. host: in texas we have tracy. caller: i will comment on the story of the week. my concern, i think a lot of independents concern. the republicans affinity with leaders that are lawless and corrupt. if you have an affinity towards representation that is going to go to washington or wherever office represents you in that way.

i don't see why they are so alarmed and amazed once they are put in positions of power, they are corrupt and lawless. you knew they were that when you elected them. secondly, the anger. i don't see how they could see themselves when they have already been radicalized. when you listen to them call-in. they are highly emotional, they are angry and upset. lastly, someone needs to tell, i would suggest a c-span have someone on to explain to these people the end of the story. this is not new. we have seen this with mussolini, hiller. they need to explain these people how this end. you are used to elect this demagogue. you lose your life along with everyone else. i am kind of nervous have a good morning. host: calvin, in atlanta

georgia. caller: i would also like to speak with the lady he was just gone. no matter how people have in their minds that is the way things are. you will not be able to change them. sorry for that. another thing about donald trump and them raiding his mansion. if the government comes after them. host: kathy and heath, ohio. a republican collar. caller: i am calling in reference to katherine keneally. he compared to being an american to being a chained up puppy to

being chained and waived. how can you appreciate living to american and being destroyed. host: cynthia is a republican in lufkin, texas. caller: my top news story is the defeat of liz, jayna. cheney. i really enjoyed mr. cheney when he was in office. misses cheney seems to have tripped on her republican platform. it is curious to me, the people of wyoming really picked up on the fact that misses cheney lives in virginia for most of her year. it was interesting that it was reported that her net worth since she has been in office has

gone from 5 million to $42 million. and regarding the last segment you had on, spending time and resources that analyze and research and the infrastructure bill, there is a lot of money going to research, analyst, data, compilation in numerous activities that i feel like the american public needs to have this money going directly to american needs in our country. anyway, thank you very much. host: let's show our viewers what congressman cheney had to say when she lost the gop primary to return to congress. [video clip] >> we must be clear died about

the threat we face in what is required to defeat it. i have said since january 6 that i will do whatever it takes to ensure that donald trump is never anywhere near the oval office and i mean it. this is a fight for all of us together. i am a conservative republican. i believe deeply in the principles on which my party was founded. i love its history and i love what our party has stood for. i love my country more. so i ask you tonight to join me. as we leave here let us resolve that we will stand together, republicans, democrats and

independents, they are angry and determined but they have not seen anything like the power of americans united in defense of our constitution and committed to the cause of freedom. with gods help, we will prevail. host: bloomberg reported that the president called liz cheney after her to pete. he would not comment about the conversation between liz cheney and president biden. what is your top news story, pete? caller: it's all about the merrill lago search. they would not have gone in there and less they had some performance on the premises, or it could have been foreign nationals that paid over $200,000 to visit merrill lago.

you have those boxes laying around, and it's easy for them to look in the boxes. one more thing. paul manafort has a biographer that is coming out with a book, and he is the first campaign manager, and he was involved in russia, and ukraine, and, paul manafort admitted that he gave pulling information to russia. i think everyone out here should wait until everything comes out. sometimes it does not come out. but the truth will come out. thank you. host: david, new york, democrat. morning. caller:? how are you? my stories this. everything we see going on today

is about population. a few years, caucasians will no longer be the majority, which means in a democracy, the majority rules, but what we're seeing right now is ways to prevent that, which means changing the voting laws or abortion laws, and making things such that that doesn't happen. people need to pay attention. it is coming soon. for them to lose the power and control of the nation they started, to people who they consider to be beneath them, scripture says the first will be last in the last will be first. host: cnn is reporting this. a document unsealed yesterday offers specifics about the crimes that have been

investigated, including defense information. it is the focus of a criminal probe. several legal experts told cnn on thursday that bruce reinhardt released procedural documents related to the search of trump's home at mar-a-lago. the documents for part of the application for the warrant and were among largely procedural documents that were unsealed on thursday. previously, the documents only list the federal statute. that included the espionage act. the documents made clear that trump and others face legal exposure, including destruction -- obstruction of justice. on willful retention goes to the former, who possesses documents

while in office, and the camp of the private club and residents. it also was argued that they need to keep secrets search warrant paperwork from last monday because the integrity already might be destroyed. kentucky, republican, were talking about top news stories of the week. go ahead. are you there? caller: my top new story was -- yes. i'm talking about greg abbott and mayor adams about illegal immigration to new york. they hold about 500, and president biden has a about 5000. on c-span and cnn, msnbc, no one covers what's happening at the border. we had 3 million illegal

crossings in a million got away. not one station is covering it. a.b. fox, but no one else. not one minute anywhere else. host: linda, evansville, independent. >> thank you for taking my call. my top stories liz cheney. i have so much admiration for that woman to stand up against the many people against you and stand for truth we had that's what our country needs. the republicans who were there, they've experienced the fear and the threat. they spoke up against trump because they knew they experienced the whole thing. a few days later, they came and reversed their standing. i don't understand that. i don't understand how you can reverse your standing. not after you experience this.

she is wonderful. go get them. host: jocelyn, a republican. good morning. caller: i was calling because of liz cheney. this woman that just called, she think she is wonderful. she said she would do anything it takes to keep trump out of the white house. my question is, why have they been investigating trump for six or seven years, and they've accused him of everything in the media has lied to talk about false information. he's done nothing wrong except try to serve americans. he never did one thing to hurt america. joe biden, on the other hand, 87,000 irs, armed and ready to

take use. this is not about taxes. people need to wake up. 19. host: larry in auburn hills, michigan. independent. caller: i would like to make a comment on liz cheney and her stand for truth in america. i think that's what we stand for. troops in america hold the truth more valuable, and their way in life, and liz has come out with the truth did someone should wake up around here and figure out what is the truth. she has. therefore, we should support liz cheney. thank you. host: from the washington post -- issues faced about the irs.

this is from analysis. a lot of federal agencies have obvious mandates with a wide array of functions. secret service is responsible for money counter adding and the agricultural department and the food program. that is in addition to running a complex paper-based system. there is an enforcement arm in the tax police. it makes sense, when you think about it. the enforcement group is taxed -- tasked with investigating the revenue code and crimes in a manner that fosters confidence in the tax system it combines with the law. that posting provoked agitation, largely on the right, because of the duties the job entails. they carry a firearm it would be willing to use deadly force. it originally read that it was

before stipulation was struck read it is not necessarily a part that is highlighted in job applications. we don't usually think of that as guns out and up or an agency that contributes to the reaction. what that application does is put it online before attracting attention. it entered the public conversation before it reached a boil. it is on party lines, and it was catch by republicans, and it powered a massive new bureaucracy, and here is the irs using deadly force. the idea that they are up to something has been percolating for months, and it was on to write that you can read it -- if you want in the washington post about this rhetoric by some in the republican party. larry in auburn hills. good morning.

let's go to stephen oak ridge, tennessee. democrat. her top new story. caller: i love talking to you. i grew up in a city. i live here now. it was in a gas plant. it was dismantled. we have oak ridge national lab. it is a security complex. everyone works there has a top-secret clearance. from janitors to painters to plumbers to world-class scientists. that is not an easy deal to get, and what i want to say is my brother, because of the work he did out there, he lost his

bladder, his prod -- prostate, history through. one third of the people working in his division had the same thing happened to them. my father-in-law could not breathe. that was from working out there. i had friends who worked out there that have cancer. i will tell you, with top-secret information, they cannot give or leave their office. they have top-secret information and it is in the garden -- garbage. luckily, they were able to get it back before it was burned. i think what i'm trying to say is that there been thousands of people who have worked in top-secret nuclear weapons and other things. they have had serious health issues and if they ever tried to take any of that information out of there, they'd be in jail.

if you think one person has top-secret information, from the government, you need to have a come to jesus meeting, because donald trump had thousands of people thrown under the bus. thank you letting me have my say. host: another top new story has been the trout in the western states. we will talk about that in a few minutes on the washington journal. the fed called for water cutbacks to avoid catastrophic collapse of the colorado river. for the second year in a row, the federal government said that arizona, nevada, and new mexico have to reduce water consumption. the 20 year drought has dried up the river, and the climate change in terms of extreme heat is making that more severe.

arizona, nevada and mexico have to start making cuts. they both dip being able to shoulder what they see as an on -- unfair portion of the burn. one state is the state of california. we will dig into that. priscilla, independent. good morning. tell us your new story. caller: i have a comment about the tax people. i look at it as, they have puppies trained to attack people. that is among the lines of comparison. in school, when i first learned about the salem witch trials, i thought, how stupid were they? to be burning people at the stake. jim jones, drinking kool-aid,

thinking aliens would save them. there is a lot, and hitler's, and these people are being rain washed, and something has to be done. as far as that goes. host: will leave it there. will become back, arizona state university's stare -- sarah porter will join us talk about the drought, and the water usage cut on the way. ♪ >> over the past few months, the committee has conducted a revealing of findings. watch c-span, featuring previous undisclosed evidence. witness testimony is in the attack of the u.s. capitol read on monday, a former justice department official will address allocations of rod paid by president trump, at his request

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c-span and a summer sale is now through tuesday. start shopping now. >> there a lot of places to get political information, but only on c-span do you get it great source. no matter where you are from or where you stand on the issue, c-span does america's network. unfiltered, unbiased, and were for word. it happens here or here or anywhere that matters. america is watching on c-span. our by cable. >> washington journal continues. >> joining us from phoenix is sarah porter. she is a water policy director at the arizona state university institute for public policy. sarah, tell us about this

headline of a drastic situation with the colorado river. what is it like. what is the water level like right now and what is happening? where are these conversations in arizona and the surrounding states? guest: this is the second year ever in the seven states sharing colorado river water that we've had a declared shortage, and this year, going into 2020, this is going to be deeper than they were in 2022. we are preparing for deeper cuts. more important, across the basin, everyone acknowledges that the steps we have in place, including substantial deliveries, it will enter next

year and not be sufficient. we have to figure out a way to leave a lot more water in the system, so lake powell, one of the big reservoirs, or california and arizona, nevada and new mexico, they will not crash, and the levers won't it so low that hydropower cannot be produced by those stands or that water could actually get a level cold dead pool, where water cannot be the liver did >> it was announced that the colorado river states, the one you are talk about, we can show them, they failed to meet a federal deadline. >> what happened? guest: states were given two months to come up with a plan to save more water than they've ever done before it many different stakeholders came up

with proposals and made known their opening positions in the negotiation. there was no way to get it over the finish line. part of the problem is that we are talking about taking water away from people who are used to using it, and that is hard. host: who is working on this agreement? guest: there are seven states. colorado, utah, arizona, and i think i did seven. host: i think you got them all. guest: you have a combination of some agency leaders and also stakeholders of the major water groups. let's not overlook that native american tribes have stand show rule here as well. they have a right to substantial

amounts of river water, and they participate, as we know. they are sovereign nations. these are complex negotiations. host: it is been reported that the federal government will step in. what agencies are going to oversee this, and what actions are they posting? guest: it is an open question. there is an agency under the department of interior, and the agency is called viewer of reclamation. the bureau manages most of the infrastructure related to the colorado river system. it manages lake powell and lake mead and the hoover dam. theoretically, they have the

access and ability to take steps to not deliver water. the question is whether they have the legal authority to do it. for a hundred years, we've been making decisions about how to share river water consensus and negotiation. my bet is that the bureau of reclamation is reluctant to depart from that tradition. host: you think states will have a say. guest: yes. states are trying hard to get to some kind of agreement that we could live with. no one will like it, but there is an agreement out there. it could result in leaving the system in 2023. it will help to has a federal

agency threaten to take action because that is a great motivator for the parties and negotiations. host: what about the legality of this agreement? a pact between states? individuals who have the rights to water. what about the legality of that? they have any say? guest: that's what i was saying. there are water stakeholders that have high priority or in some cases low priority entitlements to the river water. they have a right to have a voice in the process it they do. they are engaged in negotiations. host: where does the water go to? how is the water use? guest: 75% of the consumptive

use of river water goes to agriculture, and most goes to municipal use. the agriculture we are about is agriculture from around the country that we benefit them. yuma arizona, other places right along the mainline that produced fruits and vegetables that everyone in the country enjoys. let us that people eat from november to april. 90% comes from yuma arizona. were talking about agricultural production. host: in 2021, there was an investigation. here's what they want. making a bad situation worst means that we have a lot of wasteful practices to add to the threat of the region. the majority of water goes to growing non-essential crops like

other grasses that feed cattle for meat production. much of those grasses are exported in the middle east and asia. which crops are allowed, and which authorities may not have the authority to do that. it may fall to consumers to drive change, and the data suggests that if americans avoid meat, they could save an amount of water equivalent to the entire flow of the colorado each year, more than enough water to alleviate the recent shortages. what is your reaction? guest: it is certainly the case that putting less water on crops will change the market for some kind of crop that will change the practices, but it doesn't follow that if everyone gives up

a beef meal, the water they are using to grow it will somehow be safe in the river. that is going to be allocated to the farmer to grow food for which there is a market. that thinking is simplistic. they grow things that there is a market for. there is a huge market for beef and dairy. that is why farmers are growing alfalfa. if we change the market, that doesn't mean that it is held in the river. farmers will still have that. host: is there a discussion about regulating which crops can be grown? guest: i don't know if there is such a discussion, but there is a -- it could come with a grassroots effort among farmers

in the lower basin. that includes arizona and nevada, but there's no agriculture. even in northern mexico, there is a proposal to voluntarily reduce water orders in order to conserve water in the colorado system. those farmers we are talking about are looking for compensation to leave it in the river because their argument is, there is that much water to grow food, and not only an economic impact, but the communities that rely on that it there is a proposal out there. i worry about ideas that agencies are in a position to tell you what to grow because people on the ground tend to be the best judges of what to grow.

host: how much water is wasted, or you have the sun baking these reservoirs in lake mead, and it is evaporating? what conversations are being had about technology to preserve? guest: that's two questions. as far as efficient use of the water, especially for agriculture, over the years, agriculture has been aware of everything there, and has worked to implement efficient practices to avoid being susceptible to the accusation that they are wasting water. i can highlight this region particularly, where there is an achievement of that highest return per acre of water in the country.

but you're right. a lot of water was lost through evaporation from reservoirs, and that is part of the problem. when it was allocated out of the river, there was no accounting for evaporation. part of the reason we are seeing these levels decline is that nobody is taking -- it is not calculated into allocations. that is called a structural deficit as far as technology, lake mead and lake powell are massive lakes, and they are habitats, and so proposals like covering them or other types of technology that might prevent evaporation, they are, >> because they would likely have other environmental ramifications we need to consider. they would be quite costly, and it's not clear where the money

comes from to pay the cost host: we want to invite our callers to call them. go ahead. caller: it is a great topic. i've preached about water for years. i've been hauling my own water to my house 20 years. a lot of people do. i've traveled the west and i love the west did i see people hauling water all over the place. i wish some of these people, we i'm not going to go there, but i was going to mention swimming will have been in irrigation, and all of this other stuff. host: let's talk about that. what about having lawns that require water, or swimming pools or any of the states?

guest: municipal water demand is going down per capita. year after year. people move to more efficient use of water in their own homes did you find swimming pools in yards, and these cities include denver, los angeles, southern california, albuquerque, and las vegas. it's not just phoenix and tucson. yes. there is an opportunity to save water by using less water outdoors. that is one of the incas opportunities for municipalities. reducing outside water use, and concentrating indoors, and in the basin, we capture and reuse almost all water that enters the wastewater treatment system.

that is a strategy. but if we got rid of all of the pool in the colorado river, and all of the lawns, we would still conserve water that we need to keep lake mead from reaching the catastrophic levels. cities only use 25% of the river water, and a big amount is coming from agriculture to get to the volume supplies required rid host: jb in arizona, go ahead. caller: i was looking at the map they showed earlier of the colorado river, where it starts and where it runs two. i noticed it was only a couple of states over from lake

superior. minnesota, nebraska. why couldn't we just take some of those pipelines on the keystone pipeline, and run a pipeline from lake superior into the colorado river. and then force the water down there. technology, it is moving back, and it seems like we transport oil that. why couldn't we transport water the same way? guest: we transport water through pipelines, but the last time i fought cast, i -- i bought gas, i did not want to pay four dollars and $.50 a gallon for water. i think most of us don't want to have to go there. that is part of the problem. losing water is very costly. it is heavy and corrosive.

it takes a lot of energy to move it. to develop a pipeline would be extremely costly. one of the features you didn't mention there was between lake superior and the colorado river. the comp -- colorado divide would pump thousands of feet up into the colorado river, so there are other issues we would need to have it a driveway across a number of states, and a lot of private land. undoubtedly, lots of landowners that would not will that red going all the way back to lake superior, we are typically, folks who have a right to those water resources and other parts of the country, they are somewhat reluctant to share their water, and they look at a region like the american west and think wow it they could use

a lot of water, and we are not willing to share the water we have. we need to prepare for our own economies and population. but there are ideas out there. moving water through pipelines. in the end, there are many strategies that we could deploy. it could get us to the water supplies we need or lower cost and environmental impacts and less risk of litigation and controversy. >> what are the strategies? >> there are a bunch. i would start with conservation. going back to the caller who said swimming pools and lawns. we have seen a gradual conversion in the cities. people are becoming more conscious of their water use in their voluntary retirement of lawns and pools. las vegas had a very active

program of buying back, it's voluntary, but they compensate homeowners. they've seen a huge amount of water conservation, and it is one of the first steps. beyond that, reuse is the next most important thing. with municipal use, it costs cities to reclaim trees to reuse water, and the same drop of water is used over and over again. that's a way of stretching water supplies over a larger basin, and more activities, let's say. reuse is the next step. there are other concepts for adding water to the system. the governor of arizona went to israel, and he was really interested to see how well israel developed desalinization

plants, and there is an opportunity to work with our neighbors to build a plant which would serve water users in mexico, and arizona and they would have funded that plant, and there was a mexico river water. there are other concepts out there. in-state system. and here's a big one. los angeles is not reusing water the way others like las vegas reuses water. what they do is treat race water -- wastewater and put in the ocean. they are saying, what if we shared in the cost of getting los angeles to implement and reuse. that would be a big volume of water or los angeles.

it would mean that they could take a cut of water or there would be more water in the system that they could share. those are some of the solutions. there is a long list. i have to say, with all of those, none of them are going to result in water supplies that are a price point that would make sense or agriculture to use. at the scale we are talking about. we are looking at leaving 25% more water 25% more water than we take out in the system. these are solutions for cities, and in time, they will be deployed and we don't have solutions like that for agriculture. host: grand junction, colorado. go ahead with -- go ahead. caller: i live at the colorado

joint. i think, with our talk, there is an upper rockies, perhaps, and in the wintertime, and we are going to get a snowpack. there is a crystal river. as it goes down, and the california area, there are many multiple uses. it just isn't going to happen. guest: big reservoirs that we are worried about, they are meant to be filled with a pack from the upper rockies. that is right. what we've seen is warmer temperatures in this region of the upper rockies, and this

changes the behavior of the snowpack and it melts faster, and it is of earlier, and there is more evaporation. we've had summers where we don't have summer rains which we called monsoons. we see the ground is dryer. in the last two years, we have had very close to average annual snow, but it has been way below average. the flow into the system was 30 to 35 points of average, and it is that her, with 60 to 65 average. with warmer temperatures, and these changes in the cycle, less water is from the snow melt, and

it is getting into the reservoirs. host: it has been suffering trouts. what has happened to the water? guest: it depends on the particular area, but in arid and semi arid places, almost all of that water evaporates. in arizona, 98% of the precipitation which falls on the ground, it winds up evaporating. this is very dry. but some of the water will wind up in the aquifers, and it is very helpful. we are talking about rain. host: chris, go ahead. caller: thank you for taking my call. this is mainly about something we talked about earlier, where the agency is using or acting as

a motivator for the states and the agriculture to come to an agreement. it is a question about a motivator in the same sense. you don't want to tell farmers what to grow or whatnot, but because of the constraints, it sounds like there is no option in the future, unless you forecast, saying that it will come back in later times. water will be back. if not, using the agency as a motivator to advocate for water, and to influence the farmers to grow less or differently, it could be balance. guest: i appreciate that

question and observation. it brings up how hard this is because those farmers are in business, and when we ask them to grow something not as profitable, we are asking them to take a hit at typically, in a big city, we tend to see a more diverse economy, and when agriculture takes a hit, the whole region suffers. how to move to a future where there is less water available, it is going to take everyone and brilliant inventors, and it will take finance. it will take everyone to help to assist and bring the best ideas to help transform agriculture in the region. in the near term we have to be

very conscious that if we asked to provide this with product across the nation, and beyond, people rely on this, and we need to consider the responsibility to help bridge and use less water. the biggest thing to address is the devastating impact that would occur if it was drastically cut. host: i want to go back to an investigation and heavy talk about the history of this agreement. they write that the states have arrived, in large part because of their own doing. they govern the use of the colorado, and it was assigned in 1922 with it was optimistic. the states agree to divide up the total amount of water, and it turned out to be much more than could flow.

nevertheless, the building of the hoover dam and the development of the colorado river pipeline, they were able to open a savings account to fund an extraordinary growth. those states have overdrawn the average deposit. it should be no surprise that even without a pressure of climate change, the plan would lead to bankruptcy. the system of the colorado river has priority. let me say that statement is certainly written in a way to incite alarm in a strong language, but the sharing of the river water is, according to a priority system. there is a highest priority, and that includes tribes and

agricultural reasons that have been there, and that includes to some degree, cities. there is a framework or a shortage or lower priority users who can make do with less or take a cut, and that framework motivates lower priority users to find other supplies and be paired for cuts. that is what we are seeing. yes. no question. the total allocation out of the colorado river exceeds the average annual inflows. the problem we are dealing with right now is that we need to figure out a way to decrease the total annual allocation or delivery across-the-board, and

the way, the path to that is negotiation. it is investment in new technology, it's sensitivity to the hardships that water users face if they are cut. it's going to be hard. host: florida, go ahead. caller: you might be the best research for a silly question. we have been drilling holes into the united states, and drawing oil out of pools. what do the companies put into the holes that are and he. i imagine there is a lot of water seepage that goes into them. that might be an agricultural resource.

guest: it's interesting, and i don't think there are silly questions when it comes to this issue it silly questions tend to be backed up by imagination. i think there is not much oil drilling in the colorado basin. the water that is seeping in, is replacing the oil and probably groundwater that it was already there. so far as i know, there is no operation for wells and replacing the oil with river water. it probably isn't the best solution. there is another issue that you bring up, and when we don't have renewable surface water supplies, we might turn to groundwater. the water in our aquifers that we pump through wells. that's a concern. in the american west, the southwest, we withdrawal

groundwater then replenish it. a big concern out there is that as the river waters of lies are caught, and some region, especially in a quick cultural regions, turning to groundwater supplies as an alternative may lead to aquifers and groundwater overdraft red -- overdraft. host: what will california have to do with the situation out west? guest: this is the million-dollar question. the largest entitlement holder is the imperial irrigation district with over 3 million acres. they have super high priority rights to the water. from the negotiation standpoint, it makes sense to push lower priority users to take make cuts

before they agree to a cut. i think, california water users are going to have to reduce the amount of river water they rely on. that will include irrigation, and it goes to arizona water users, and water users for the other states. there is no way to solve this problem. we simply need to use less river water and leave it in those grocery points. host: nick. caller: thank you for taking my call. there is no easy solution to this. obviously. but like was said, you make it sound really difficult with the transfer of water. it's going to be difficult. the government uses -- eminent domain. for other reasons, this could be

a good reason. , but i just want to also get on another track about the water, sealable water is rising. why don't we convert saltwater to freshwater. i think ron is doing it now. it starts with the canal in california, out west. the flow of the water through canals. they have saltwater conversion stations along the way. host: talk to us about that. sarah? guest: the important thing to keep in mind is that these big ideas are going to cost more than the farmers can afford. the cities are not looking for those kinds of water supplies. that's the big thing.

there is desalinization already occurring. there is a planting carlsbad. they are looking at buying national with mexico. those are part of the answer, but these big ideas for a pipeline, all through the region, those are going to result in costly water. cities don't need water. there are other solutions. those costly types of projects will lead to water supplies that are too expensive to use for agriculture, so we have think about the problem as a problem of how we reduce the total amount of water being of wide to agriculture in the colorado basin, as well as the total amount used in a city.

those ideas like a pipeline from the great lakes and the mississippi river, or ocean water, being moved through the region, right now, it would not work because it's too expensive. that's not even touching the other issues with environmental impact, legal fights, all of those issues that we get in the way. host: taylor and arizona, good morning. do you have a question for sarah porter? caller: good morning. thank you for the call. i've been listening for a while, and when it comes to water, we are in the rain right now in arizona, but when it comes to the farming issue, i see a lot of cropping, and in the desert, around bart, excuse me. there is cropping from

subsidies. we could change what crops we want to subsidize. excuse me. golf courses. there are over 300. they always water in the middle of the day. they don't know what water will evaporate the most, so we are gung ho. we don't know the rights, but if we could somehow shift our way of thinking to use the water we already have, for example, using multiple crops which could also induce the tilling of the ground, golf courses are in issue, and do good capture rainwater, solar power, so, there are solutions, but instead of typing it in, which costs a lot to our tax dollars, i say we

rethink how we use the water we already have it those are some points i have. host: sarah? guest: i can't speak to these farming practices, but i think that is an interesting point. we should make sure that the government policies are not actually working against larger regional goals of using water as efficiently as possible. some of these places where we talk about this, there isn't much you can row. there aren't that many choices of crops that can be grown. i agree that there are many solutions. it can make a big difference for water users. the things we can do to become more efficient with water use is all things that help stretch the supplies they have, over the

customer bases. as for golf courses, i haven't seen one. the community is very aware that there is high volume water, and it is very visible. i think, for the most part, they are being efficient. in arizona, there is little river water used to water those golf courses. they are mostly water from in-state systems, with treated and groundwater. again, even if we stop watering golf verses, it wouldn't produce enough water to solve the river problems. host: is there a water police? who holds them accountable? guest: the water provider is in charged of pushing people wisely and efficiently.

we don't have water cops in arizona, but people will call the cities they live in in nevada and california, and if they see something, they made ink there is water being rate wasted -- and they may think there is water being wasted. host: atwater, california. that's the next call. go ahead. caller: hello. i watch all of the shortage of water, but i see homes being like crazy. this puts a strain on the water supply in california. i know we have a housing shortage it doesn't make sense to me. host: let's talk about population growth in the seven states that share this water. they are seeing increases in population. guest: this is a region that had

the highest population growth of any place in the country of the last couple decades. to a great degree, the population growth and water demands have become decoupled. it is taking the same amount of water to meet the demand of these growing populations. as an example, in phoenix, it's been one of the fastest growing regions, competing, as a war with las vegas. in the last 20 years, there's been a 25% increase in population, but a 14% increase in water demand it if there is a mandate water demand, it would have been easy to mediate. it is important to recognize that population growth is not a driver of the water shortages we are seeing. municipalities have responded to what they are seeing with water,

and they need to meet greater demand by pushing people to greater efficiency. host: douglas, los angeles. caller: hello. host: morning. caller: yes. you called for douglas? host: yes. go ahead. caller: i was born in missouri, st. louis, and i live in california. it's hot and dry. i am wondering why, someone with some ideas can't build a canal from st. louis and the mississippi all the way to california with water flowing through that, with feeds going north and south to areas like

oklahoma, and they need water. with the mississippi, or the great lakes, and all of the states that need water. host: ok, douglas. sarah? guest: water would be more expensive than the users want to pay. people have money to pay for projects to bring water in. they have less expensive alternatives on the pipeline. were talking about nine states. there is a significant environmental impact. there is a continental divide. that would be a massive project and feasible. it is even in a study from 2015.

for the colorado basin, that was one of the projects that was scoped. it is not a solution that is as attractive for bringing water in that many of the other solutions that i have mentioned. i think the caller said he was in los angeles, and in l.a., they are warring 100,000 feet of water into the ocean, that's enough water for 650,000 homes. capturing that water, treating it to potable standards and reusing would be much less excessive than building a prevalent from the mississippi river. host: sarah porter is the water policy director at arizona state university. thank you for watching and participating in the conversation this morning. we will be back at it tomorrow morning at seven a clock a.m. stern time. enjoy your friday. -- 7:00 a.m. eastern time.

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