minister. at 10:00 a.m., the senate is back to consider appellate court nominations. everything also streams live on the c-span avenue app, which is free to download on your mobile device -- c-span now app, which is free to stream on your mobile device. >> c-span is funded by these television companies and more. >> the world has changed. today, a fast, reliable internet connection is something no one can live without. wow is there for their customers. now more than ever, it all starts with great internet. >> wow supports c-span as a public service along with these other television providers, giving you a front row seat to democracy. >> coming up this morning, brookings institution senior fellow andre perry talks about the water crisis in jackson, mississippi and how investments

in infrastructure are impacting black cities. -- majority black cities. later, a look at president biden's foreign policy with victoria coates, who previously served as deputy national security advisor for the trump administration. washington journal starts now. ♪ host: this is the guest: "washington journal" -- this is the -- this is the "washington journal" for september 7. answers range from what they learned about vaccines to help prepare the united states wasn't in fighting pandemic diseases. for the next hour, we will ask you about what you personally learn from going through the pandemic. perhaps from your own experience or a loved one's, how federal and state and local governments responded to it. perhaps there are other factors you have learned during this

time. call and let us know. for democrats, (202) 748-8000. republicans, (202) 748-8001. independents, (202) 748-8002. perhaps you want to text us your thoughts on what you have learned during the pandemic. you can do that at (202) 748-8003. you can post on facebook and twitter and also follow the show . you can go to the website of the pew research center for their latest look at what americans responded to when it comes to learning about the pandemic. part of the survey dealt with the develop into vaccines. -- development of vaccines. the pew research center saying among positives expressed, the most common sentiment was a greater understanding of the scientific steps to develop vaccines and treatments and the use of mrna technology. that was cited by 14% of respondents, one respondent saying i have used more -- learn more about trial groups and

approval from the fda. 12% of those who responded mentioned the speed of vaccine development. owner's bond and put, i have learned vaccine develop and can be expedited more than i previously thought. the survey results say respondents had fewer negative things to say about what they learned about medical treatments and vaccine developments. the most common was a negative view of vaccines themselves. including the view that vaccines are not effective or that they are experimental and rushed. one person said the vaccine is not a vaccine. it does not fit the definition. it might help or might hurt you. not worth the risk. another respondent expressing skepticism about the timeline of vaccine development, saying they were hastily made for the sake of profit, not to help or protect american citizens. those are some respondents. for the next hour, you can respond to the topic of vaccines or anything else related to covid of what you personally

learned going through the pandemic. if you want to call us and let us know these things, (202) 748-8000 for democrats. (202) 748-8001 for republicans. independents, (202) 748-8002. texas if you wish at (202) 748-8003 -- text us if you wish at. -- at (202) 748-8003. this comes at the white house makes a push for a new coronavirus booster to deal with the omicron variant. yesterday, the washington post saying the coronavirus gordon nader said the newly reformulated omicron targeting boosters are an important milestone in u.s. pandemic response, moving the country to a point where a single annual coronavirus shot could provide a high degree of protection against a serious illness all year. there is more to this if you want to watch the white house briefing. you can go to our website and see it on our app. here is a portion featuring the

white house covid coordinator talking about the new vaccines. >> barring any new variant curveballs, barring those, for a large majority of americans we are moving to a point where a single annual covid shot should provide a high degree of protection against serious illness all year. that is an important milestone. let me be clear. for our highest risk individuals , and here i am thinking about my elderly parents were in their 80's, or one of my close friends who recently had a liver transplant, individuals like that may need more than annual protection. we will ensure in the said ministration that they get -- in this administration that they get whatever protection they need. over the past 18 months, figuring out what you need and when has not always been simple.

that all changes. these new vaccines make it easy for us to think differently. here is the simple version. if you are 12 and above and previously vaccinated, it is time to go get an updated covid-19 shot. here are a couple caveats because there are always a few. if you had a recent infection or were recently vaccinated, wait a few months. we expect millions of people to get the shot this month as folks get back to school, work, and get back into regular routines after the summer. as the annual flu vaccination campaign kicks into high gear this month and into early october, we expect millions will choose to get covid-19 shots at the same time. or over the course of the fall when people go in for routine checkups. the good news is you can get your flu shot and covid shot at the same time.

it is actually a good idea. i believe this is why god gave us two arms, one for the flu shot and the other for the covid shot. our goal for this fall is we will make sure that vaccines are free, widely available, and easy to access for everybody. host: newsweek follows up on a story looking at where americans are when it comes to vaccinations. according to the cdc, 77% of americans 18 and older are fully vaccinated. 51% of adults are fully vaccinated and have also gotten one booster shot. only 32% of adults age 50 and older who are eligible for a second booster have gotten one. the story adds there are encouraging signs of the latest data. the death rate now is lower than it was following the outbreak of the delta and omicron variant. hospitalizations have dropped as well.

you can express your thoughts on the phone lines and tweet us and text us. some of you doing that on twitter. this says, what i have learned, do not let vice president pence run any medical response program again. while i knew former president trump would politicize and profiteer. then robert saying, i learned president trump's expediting of the covid-19 vaccine saved lives. let us know your thoughts on this. we will hear from kelly in pittsburgh, pennsylvania about what you have learned during the covid pandemic. go ahead. >> the biggest thing i have learned is the frustration in dealing with people that do not believe in covid or feel the majority of deaths reported in hospitals were because hospitals were being paid, which where is the evidence of that?

you have republicans and hospital administrations. it would have been leaked. why hasn't the governor of florida provided proof that the federal or state government was paying hospitals? there is no proof of that. if that was what was happening, there would be proof that the government was doing that. for anyone who says there was one person who died in a motorcycle accident but was labeled covid, i can say there are just as many situations where people died of covid and it was not reported that it was covid. it is frustrating, the disinformation that still stands out there. the last person that made a reference to trump pushing ahead the vaccine i think is great, but he said at one point that obama did not stop the epidemic and was responsible for those deaths. trump did not stop the epidemic. host: do you think from the

sentiments you hear from people -- has that been consistent over the several years we have gone through covid or has that changed from the beginning to now? caller: friends and family that are just blind trump supporters have consistently stayed with that. they have not changed or budged at all. i think it is offensive to anyone who has gotten ill from covid and lost a loved one to covid or a friend. i think it is extremely offensive. host: that is kelly in pittsburgh, pennsylvania on our independent line. on our line for democrats, this is mary and vermont. again, lessons from covid you have experienced. go ahead. caller: i have had covid and everything else. my question today is what does the nra do with all this money?

host: let's stick with your experience with covid. how long did you have covid and when did you get it? caller: i just had it recently. i was in the hospital for it for 14 days, but i am fine now. host: were you vaccinated previously? caller: no. host: what kept you from doing that? caller: i never thought about it. host: when you say you never thought about it, even with all the talk we have had over the last few years, and ever pronto you to get a vaccine to prevent yourself from getting covid? that is marion vermont. again, if you personally had covid, you can share that experience. perhaps you had an -- a family member or associate who had

covid. you can weave that into conversation about what you have learned during this time and during the pandemic. one of the themes we have had over this program is the former director of the cdc a few weeks ago talked about the cdc handling of covid response, things he labeled missteps. here is part of the conversation. [video clip] >> cdc as our nation's public health agency did not do a good job over the course of the pandemic in direct communication to the public. cdc is a science-based public health agency and puts out reports based on data or evidence. in doing so it has tended to be a little slow. it is trying to get all the information correct. a lot of communication that comes out is appropriate for someone who is a professional and public health or medical professional. but if you are a citizen in our country, you need direct information that is clear, that

tells you what you can do to help protect your health. during the pandemic, for a variety of reasons, the cdc has not been as fast as it should be in that regard. i let emergency response at cdc for four years will i was there. i worked at cdc for 13 years. one thing everyone in leadership went through was crisis communication training. in that training, you learn the mantra for crisis can occasion is be first, be right, be credible. during the pandemic, cdc has had challenges in those regards. they are looking to improve communication, reduce the amount of review required to change the culture so the agency is not waiting for every last thing to be done before making recommendations and bringing those to the public.

being less jargony and communication will be a major improvement. host: the pew research poll talked about responding of the government to these kind of matters. they write that respondents cited lessons connected with feelings of dissatisfaction with how the coronavirus outbreak has been handled. 9% of those who responded said not relying on elected officials was a lesson for the country going forward. 6% said the country should learn not to close down the economy and schools. 2% shared a critical view of coronavirus response and expressed distrust of public health officials. some americans argued we should not or cannot prepare for future outbreaks. one respondent said they should have let it send its course instead of sending the country into a panic.

we will hear from joe next. joe in spring hill, hello. you are on. go ahead. caller: i am on? is it prerecorded? i am watching the tv. host: we will put you on hold. turn down your television and try again. let's hear from new york, robert on our line for democrats. caller: there has really been a peer review saying ivermectin reduces hospitalization by 100% and mortality by 92% in covid. i am pretty sure you could bring that up on your computer. i definitely know this information will not be shown on regular television. do you think it will be or what?

host: i will ask you two questions. why do you think it is important to highlight? caller: because ivermectin is cheap and works. you could go right now to the internet and type in covid-19. it will come up. it is all over the internet now and no one is talking about it. host: as far as your own experiences with covid or what you have learned over the years of the pandemic, how would you describe that? caller: it has been pretty wild. i have been taking care of myself. i have been doing pretty good. host: ok. sheila is next in pennsylvania. good morning.

caller: good morning, pedro. thank you for your service. i can speak to covid as in whatever the last caller was trying to say. of course medicine is not going to help you. i hope -- horse medicine is not going to help you. i hope this country turned around and starts appreciating science. i thought we appreciated it for a long time. it brought us to the moon. i do not know. if i may just divert -- host: stay on the topic at hand. you think that is the major lesson as far as what you have learned as far as covid is concerned? the major lesson as far as what you have learned about how people react to science. caller: i think that we -- yeah.

it is not a major lesson. it is what we have progressed to for some reason. we do not want to appreciate people that take the time to research things. it is unfortunate. host: sheila and pennsylvania giving her thoughts. gerard off twitter saying when it comes to covid and lessons learned cannot take personal responsibility. he adds, eat smartly. take vitamin supplements and do not rely on the government for solutions. we also have a tweet from scotty, who says when it comes to the terms you probably remember at the beginning of the pandemic, flatten the curve, according to him it means full on authoritarianism. that is some of you sharing thoughts this morning as far as lessons learned from covid. you can continue on. (202) 748-8000 for democrats.

(202) 748-8001 for republicans. (202) 748-8002 for independents. let's hear from yesterday's briefing. this is the hha secretary talking about the updated vaccine for covid and its availability. here is a portion from yesterday. >> we are working hard to ensure these new, updated vaccines are widely available to all americans. we are engaging trusted partners and messengers to spread the word. we are launching a national effort to collaborate with community-based organizations to meet people where they are. we want to make sure that the work all of us are doing is having an effect, so we are going to ramp up to get updated covid-19 vaccine shots nationwide to all americans.

immediately after the fda authorized our team to begin the process of packing and shipping millions of preorder doses of tens of thousands of these locations nationwide, we started to act. those should start arriving. i think as of this past friday they started arriving. by the end of the week, over 90% of americans will live within five miles of these new, updated vaccines. americans can start to visit vaccines.gov to find a location near them with new, updated vaccines. cvs, walgreens, and other pharmacy partners began making a point in its over the weekend and we expect appointments to be widely available within the next week or so. as we work to deliver vaccines equitably, our focus is on reaching the highest risk americans, particularly people

ages 50 and up. we will ramp up our education outreach efforts this month. we expect more people to get updated shots together with flu shots. heading into thanksgiving, we will emphasize the importance of getting an updated shot. host: axios picks up a story as far as the potential cost to consumers when it comes to vaccines. most americans will probably get vaccines for free because insurers usually cover them without cost-sharing. a price of vaccines will be reflected in premiums and patients could be charged with related costs if they use an out-of-network provider. free covid tests are numbered. once the health emergency ends, people will likely have to pay out-of-pocket. they also may pay cost-sharing on pcr tests. that is according to a researcher. and then treatments like paxlovid will be like any other

treatment. if you are hospitalized or getting a prescription drug, it will be subject to a deductible. coinsurance will be -- will vary on the treatment you need. they also say it is unclear what alternatives the uninsured will have. community health centers may provide services for reduced prices or free, but it is safe to say that uninsured individuals will face barriers accessing vaccines and therapeutics going forward. from jerry in new york, independent line. caller: hi. what i have learned is to be terrified of the government. they can force people to take experimental vaccines to keep your job, including pregnant people. that is all i have to say. host: richard is next in massachusetts. independent line. caller: since covid come on, you

never heard nothing about the flu no more. three years now, you ain't heard a damn thing about the flu. covid is just another name for the flu. they just pulled the wool over our eyes. you could put them in a peanut shell and rattle them around. host: i columnist for the washington post talks about the updated booster shot. she says the most crucial part of the cdc recommendation is simplified booster technology -- terminology. all people 12 and older will be considered up-to-date if they receive the updated version, adding a previous booster recommendation was based on the number of vaccines received. adults 50 and older were supposed to have two vaccines and two boosters. this was getting confusing.

what about those who got the johnson & johnson vaccine? what if someone had covid-19 and a first booster? since people receive boosters at different times, tracking when patients were due for their next shot became cumbersome for clinicians. leanna wen writing, i hope federal regulators consider authorizing a combined influenza-coronavirus vaccine. that way, clinicians can remind patients and everyone can receive the combined shot in a single visit. flu clinics can use existing infrastructure. more of those thoughts in the washington post this morning talking about experiences with covid what you have learned over the years that we have dealt with it. melissa in cleveland, tennessee, democrat line. caller: what i have learned from covid is it keeps reminding me

about medication. these people are doctors, not actors. do not listen to anyone other than doctors and scientists about diseases. i keep hearing politicians trying to villain eyes -- villainize how to protect people. they keep passing on? remedies like ivermectin, which is proven not to work. i do not know what the previous caller was talking about. just because something is on the internet does not make it true. there are plenty of things on the internet that are not true, including treatments like ivermectin and bleach and whatever else. i guess that is what i have learned, that science is

paramount. host: when you say that, when you are learning about covid, who were you relying on? was it your personal doctor? was it doctors or scientists on television or other forums? caller: right now, because our local papers do not necessarily have a lot regarding coverage regarding covid, it was people like dr. fauci on tv who were coming on telling people this is what you need to do. and they are the ones that were trying -- a virus does not care about your political leanings. it does not care about your social status. if you get the virus and you are at risk, you could be in trouble. i am one of those in a high-risk

category, so i am going to pay attention to doctors who tell me there is a problem and this is the way we think it is going to work. host: did you avoid getting covid? caller: i did. i am very much in favor of any kind vaccine that is going to help. as soon as it becomes available in our area, i intend to get a booster. host: that is melissa in cleveland, tennessee. she mentions dr. fauci. he was part of an op-ed recently on the fox news website that came out on august 24. he says, he wants to stop americans in congress from pursuing basic questions.

if dr. fauci bothered with a cost-benefit analysis before suggesting lockdowns -- can anyone at nih bothered to analyze effects before recommending continued school closures. his resignation in recent days is nothing more than an attempt to sweep what he has done under the rug so congress and the american people forget the horrific cost of the covid lockdowns. republicans cannot let that happen, he adds. that is jim banks if you want to read it for yourself. let's hear from paul in washington state, independent line. caller: it still sets me back the way people reiterate the same things that were lies. people that think -- the cream

-- creator of ivermectin won a nobel prize for that drug. there is one kind of it you can use on horses, but it is for people and good for so many ailments. that is why the guy got a nobel prize for it. on top of it, hydroxychloroquine , also effective. if you think that is not true, i suggest you go to the hospital's that do studies on this. that is how i know about it. you can look at studies yourself. there's all kinds of information there about different therapies they used and every aspect in lab experiments. it clearly shows people that

were on ivermectin -- hydroxy chloroquine fared better. aside from that, they keep calling this a vaccine. it is not a vaccine. the cdc change the meaning of what a vaccine is so they could call it a vaccine. if it was a vaccine, it would have eradicated it. host: paul in washington. let's hear from columbus, georgia, republican line. caller: what i learn from the covid-19 situation is you cannot trust anybody in government and i learned also i listening to different types of interviews that these people who made this vaccine, the scientists, they used fetal parts from fetuses. that is the reason people have religious objections to taking the vaccine, because they did

not believe in using those parts of these dead babies. i do not trust the government. i have had cancer for the last three years. they cannot seem to solve cancer. they keep trying different kinds of cancer drugs and charging more and more money. it is all a big pharma, big money, and then when you politicize something like that such as covid it brings a new view to it because you do not know where the disease comes from but you know a lot of it comes from china in the history of these types of diseases so then you have one side saying it did not come from china and another side saying -- you do not know what to believe. if you listen to people on tv. so i suggest everybody talks to their doctor and quits listening to all these people on tv and these talking heads like dr. fauci, who is a liar.

host: did you talk to your doctor personally about these things? caller: i did. host: what did he or she recommend? caller: not take the vaccine because i had cancer. it might exacerbate my cancer. it might kill me quicker than what the cancer is doing now. so i decided not to take it. host: that is bert in columbus, georgia. we will hear next from maryland, robert. go ahead. caller: there was a study in tel aviv involving eight dogs. those dogs died in the study and right away they suspended the study. what does that say about the priority americans hold when you have literally thousands upon thousands of people who have died on the website and less

than 1% accurately reported? the only reason why the covid vaccines were given authorization was they had to strike out any other working remedies. again, the ivermectin, vitamin c. none of those things or strongly suggested because our government wanted to make sure those working, natural, safe remedies would be discounted and villain eyes in the media to clear the way for the vaccine. the upcoming flu shots are going to contain the mrna gene editing software. if you take a flu vaccine this

upcoming season, understand you are not taking the regular vaccine. they are going to try to get it into you one way or another. host: that is robert, independent line. about a half hour of calls on covid and what you have learned from your experiences over the last two years dealing with the issue. you can call in on (202) 748-8000 for democrats. (202) 748-8001 for republicans. independents, (202) 748-8002. text us if you wish at (202) 748-8003. you can also post on facebook and twitter as well. as we talk about this, several items in the news other than the issues of covid specifically dealing with former president trump. the washington post taking a look at materials gathered from his mar-a-lago home, documents describing foreign government military defenses, including nuclear capabilities found by

fbi agent who searched the residence at mar-a-lago. some documents detail top-secret operations, operation so closely guarded that many senior national security officials are kept in the dark about them. only the president and near cabinet level officials could authorize a government official to know details of these programs according to people familiar with the search. they spoke on condition of anonymity to describe those details. documents about such operations require special clearances on a need to know basis. that is the front page of the washington post. other papers carrying stories looking at the granting of a special minder -- special master to go over the former president's papers. the wall street journal highlighting that the justice department with the trump legal team has a friday deadline to present a judge with potential options for a special master

group that could appeal the ruling before that. any appeal would come before the 11th circuit in atlanta. the justice department could ask judge cannon to reconsider her ruling rather than file an outright appeal. this story adding the prospect of the justice department and mr. trump agreeing on any potential candidate seems remote. in new york, independent line, frank. hello. caller: good morning, america. i -- my situation is unusual. years ago, the lessons i have learned from covid-19 -- i am thoroughly confused. i am not a scientist. i flew to croatia and the height of the pandemic two years ago and stayed there for a month. it was the only place i could go.

i looked at the numbers. it was 4 million people in the country and 13,000 cases. i played the odds. croatia's wonderful, by the way. last year, i flew to london and then greece, italy, spain, and ended up in casablanca. i have been on all types of aircraft with many people. my point is i did take the booster because i had to come i mean the vaccine. i had to take it to fly through these countries, but my situation is i get my rest. i go to sleep every night when i am tired. thank god i have not caught the virus, but i do not know. i did not live in fear of it.

i am so confused about what it is -- so many things have been told. i have not really learned anything from it but i do take vitamin d3 and the other one. that is all i have. host: let's hear from rick and colorado, republican line. caller: what i have learned about the covid thing is how politicized it has become. it started that trump was banning people from coming from other countries and what a bad thing that was. that was a good decision he made. what i have learned about it is how politicized it became. it basically change the way we elect people in this country. it changed a lot of things, so i think what i learned is how politicized it was. host: the wall street journal

this morning has a story looking at education and the education process as it has been impacted by covid. it writes the u.s. to private of education last thursday released data showing from 2020 to 2020 scores for nine-year-old slid five points. the sharpest decline since 1990. average math scores fell seven points to 234, the first significantly -- significant decline since the 1970's. some students have begun to make up ground. on average, he could take five years or more for fourth-graders to read proficiently unless the pace accelerates. by then, billions of dollars in pandemic related aid will have run out. the story as a reminder that it was the american rescue plan that earmarked $122 billion for k-12 public schools and required at least 20% of the money go

toward addressing learning loss. that is in the wall street journal. san diego, california, democrats line, this is sam. caller: covid taught me the government is really flawed in its response. if you look at the actual data, it killed 1% of the population. this is a disease that killed 1% of the population. 83% of that 1% were people who were over age and diabetic. that means you have a 17% chance of 1% if you are in the normal range of the disease actually being fatal. the government botched the response by rushing. a vaccine typically takes seven years and i think the consequences of the government

response, like people who are isolated at home -- on cnn they are brushing us with numbers like this many cases and this many deaths. it induced a global mental health crisis. it is a real tragedy. right now, i am getting back to normal and going out and socializing. all this miscommunication, the poor instructions they gave us, like wear a mask, do not wear a mask, so much confusion. that was created by the government. we see that across the board. if you look at the infrastructure in our country and the homeless crisis, hospitals, schools, everything is declining. the borders -- racial and gender

relations. we are the united states of america. i have never seen us so on united. and it accelerates into foreign relations. host: we are straying from the topic at hand. that is from california. let's hear from washington state. caller: good morning. you are my favorite host even though you get smug sometimes. we all do. i called a year ago because i was talking about ivermectin. i had to take it. i have a blood disorder that gives me blood clots. it is rated terry. so i did not take a vaccine because my doctor recommended that i did not. she kind of recommended that i had that her judgment that her because the things were giving

people blood clots and still are. what i have learned is ivermectin does work. i learned that c-span is kind of communist and if we listen to democrats we would still be unlocked down and our kids would still not be in school. i do appreciate c-span. it is a good comical hour or two in the morning that i get to spend with you guys. host: when it came to recent polling, this was a poll done by morning consult. 2000 plus people but who handled covid better overall by political party. the majority of those polled said it was the democratic party that handled it better. 45% said democrats handle it better than republicans. when it comes to positive and

negative aspects, the survey said, each word below describes a party approach to covid. 54% saying they were protected. 40% saying it was a practical approach. 47% saying it was a trustworthy approach. 46% saying it was a decisive approach. 36 percent say they were protected. 35% trustworthy. and 37% decisive. there is more to that if you want to read that. again, we are asking you to share experiences with us as far as your thoughts on covid, what you have learned. this is kenny. north carolina, democrats line. caller: what i would like to say about covid is my own

conspiracy. some of it can be proven and some of it cannot but everybody out there has a conspiracy so this one is mine. china develops the virus and trump knew it. he knew it was -- he called it a hoax in january. the viruses were supposed to kill one million people in three democratic states, except those three democratic states saw the federal government was not going to do anything and did the lockdown. it was supposed to kill a million people to change the election. putin already had a vaccine ready to sell that has never been tested, but trump was ready to buy it. host: since you said this was your conspiracy, what do you base this on? caller: what did trump say?

he denied. it was a hoax. there are only 15 cases in california and they are going down. no, it was not a hoax. it is still going on. host: you built the framework on that one thing the president said? caller: all the misinformation that comes from the right wing. the right wing strategy is to dismantle, delay, and obstruct at any and every level. host: we will hear from doug in new jersey, republican line. good morning. caller: what i have learned from the pandemic is there is nothing democrats will not do for power. your last caller had it backwards. the pandemic was released -- anthony fauci said the trump administration will get hit by a pandemic. that was a veiled threat. they released this thing to get

rid of trump. no matter what he did, he was going to be wrong. if he said let it take its course, he would be responsible for the death of whatever millions. if it backfired, they would blame it on him. but nobody is buying it. they are trying to blame this on trump. it was not trump, but it was used to change our country permanently by voting laws and now democrats have permanent power. if anything, this helped the democrats tenfold. it is disgusting because they locked schools down. they harmed our kids. they destroyed lives and businesses and there is no accountability. they are running around like they are the moral superior. it is disgusting. your network pushed a lot of this stuff. host: arthur is from new jersey, democrats line. caller: it seems that, if you look at the statistics from

worldwide, the united states in terms of being fully vaccinated is in the 70's. places like japan have had 45,000 deaths from covid. if you extrapolate that out by population, it would equal about 110,000 deaths in japan versus over one million here. because those people followed the directions of scientists. the more you are vaccinated, the less likely you are to develop the disease and be hospitalized and die. all these people talking about this do not seem to look at the science. trump in particular, when he threw off his mask after he got out of the hospital and constantly engaged people in

public events without wearing masks, sent the message to the country, the wrong message, that masks are not necessary. if you look at the counties that now voted for trump versus the ones that voted for biden, you have a higher death rate in red states in the last year then you do for blue states. so that is basically my input on this. >> his thoughts on lessons learned from covid. one of the people talking yesterday about the updated vaccine was the head of the cdc, giving at least in her opinion the importance of getting the updated vaccine. here's a portion of that from yesterday. dark out data has demonstrated being up-to-date on your covid-19 vaccination provides protection against severe illness and death from covid-19.

especially for those most at risk, including those over the age of 50 and others at high risk of severe disease. a recent article demonstrated health-care workers who received 1, 2, or three doses of vaccine were less likely to have long covid compared to those who were not vaccinated. last week, following the fta emergency use authorization, the cdc advisory committee recommended updated covid-19 vaccines for people ages 12 and older. cdc recommends everyone, regardless of the number or type of previous covid-19 doses, receives a covid-19 vaccine this fall. you can receive an updated vaccine dose at least two months after your last covid-19 vaccine dose.

99 percent of circling viruses in the united states are ba.5 or ba.4. updating our vaccines to match the variants helps us better be protected against these variants and future variants that might be related. getting an updated vaccine will help restore protection that has waned since previous vaccination and laboratory data suggests the addition of the spike protein components may help broaden the spectrum of variants the immune system is ready to respond to. finally, modeling projections show an uptick of covid vaccine doses similar to annual vaccine coverage this fall -- annual flu vaccine coverage early this fall could prevent as many as 100,000 hospitalizations, 9000 deaths, and save billions of dollars in direct medical costs. guest: if you want to see more

of the press conference yesterday, you can go to our website and also follow it on our app. that is how you can see that. the washington post saying dwindling funds threatened government ability to respond. if a new variant emerges, the biden administration asked congress to approve more emergency funds, including $22 billion for coronavirus response. much would facilitate the development of next generation vaccines and treatment and programs regionally ran out of funds, including an initiative to provide free tests. that is part of what the senate will take up and the house as well. the senate is back this week. the house returned from august break. you can see the work of the senate on our c-span two network and follow along. in virginia, independent line.

caller: thank you for taking my call. you are my favorite. what i learned from covid is that being social is really important, being around people is the most important thing and it is sad we had it taken from us with covid. at the beginning of covid, i got sick immediately with a 104 degree fever for four days straight. i was crawling up the stairs on my hands and knees, so i got three vaccines. at the end of may this year, i got covid again and i was in the hospital for a mental health event. i had covid, they found out, but i had no symptoms at all. i did not even know i had covid, but they kept me isolated for seven days and would not let me go into the mental health

hospital wing of the hospital because i had covid, so i never received treatment for my mental health problem. as far as inpatient goes. i wanted to say i want to be a future senator one day. being social is the most important thing. the people in your life. that is all wanted to say. thank you. >> this is from maryland, republican line. >> this is something that is here to stay. president trump messed up. -- what obama said in respect to diseases. obama did not eradicate ebola.

covid started by killing the blue states. trump probably was not sad. it killed so many people from blue states and then attempted red states. i am 54 plus. i have never had covid and i am a pastor. artful my congregation, if you'd -- i told my congregation, if you do not get a vaccine, do not come to church. people that did not listen to me got the virus. this has nothing to do with red or blue states.

host: she mentioned former president obama. he and the former first lady will be back at the white house today for their official portrait installation. you can see that ceremony live this afternoon on c-span. our free mobile app, c-span now, you can see it there as well. also, later in the day, a discussion at the united nations security council about the displacement of ukrainian citizens. you can see that play out on the network, on our app, on the website at 3:00 today and find it after the events on our app. a few more minutes with this conversation on lessons learned during covid. this is marlene in massachusetts, independent line. caller: i agree with alyssa who

called earlier. you are my favorite of everybody on the show. what i learned is the power of the state to shut down the american people is a much greater worry to me than a virus. the government knew -- i'm a little nervous. the government knew that the people -- i will be generous. six months into the virus. they knew people that were really dying were older people and had compromised medical conditions. instead, they kept locking everybody down. it affected and killed our society.

it was lockdowns and the power we granted our government to lock down our country is the scariest thing i could possibly think of. not only was it medically bad, it affected families. we had a family member that had cancer that died practically alone because he was sequestered. my nephew had mental health problems and killed himself. they should not have been alone and the government knew it was affecting older people and they should have helped the older people and people who had medical health problems. we gave them too much power. we need to learn from this. the other thing, you mentioned leanna when -- wen twice this

morning and did not mention she was the former head of planned parenthood, which is responsible for way more deaths than covid in the united states over the last 30 years. host: let's hear from virginia, independent line. >> all these people call in and point fingers at individuals or parties. they are just creating this noise that prevents us from seeing the problem. the problem is we have an elective class of people who do not care about our health care. when you see this through the beginning of covid, we were instructed to make masks out of old t-shirts and underwear or whatever and we have never been provided high-quality masks to all the population. then these test kits were not made available until january, february this year, until we were coming out of the first phase of the pandemic. we still do not have high-quality masks and still

have a horrible health care system garen we have not learned anything other than health care is not a priority for our elected officials. we need to think about that when we vote next time. host: maryland is next, a viewer and maryland. this is rafael, democrat line. caller: good morning. i got covid very early and i have all my boosters and shots. i have been experiencing so many different things current changes to my body and different things happening to me. i think there is a lot to learn as time goes by. i think probably -- i will give scientists the benefit of the doubt. because we had no idea what was going to happen.

i'm sure the government knew from the beginning a percent of people were going to be done things differently. like, wear a mask. get vaccinated. how hard is that? i'm sure a lot of people died just because they trusted some politician. that is just shocking to me. host: we will have to leave it there. thank you for the call and thank you to all of you who were dissipated in this hour. coming up, we are going to speak with brookings institution senior fellow who talked about the water crisis in jackson,

mississippi, the causes including the investments in majority black cities across the country. later on the program, we will look at the president's foreign policy record with the former deputy national under former president trump. she is a senior fellow at the heritage foundation. those conversations coming up on "washington journal." ♪ announcer: middle and high school students, you are invited to participate in this year's c-span studentcam documentary competition. picture yourself as a newly elected member of congress. we ask, what is your top priority and why? make a 5-6 video that shows the importance of your vision from closing and supporting perspectives. don't be afraid to take risks with your documentary.

the bold. up to 100,000 dollars in cash prizes and a $5,000 grand prize. videos must be submitted by january 20, 2023. visit our website at studentcam.org for rules, tips, resources. speed sent -- c-spanshop.org, browse the latest selection of products, apparel, and accessories. there is something for every c-span fan. every purchase helps support our nonprofit operation. shop now or anytime. c-span now is your free mobile app featuring an unfiltered view of what is happening in washington, live and on-demand.

proceedings or hearings from u.s. coverage, the courts, politics, all at your fingertips. the latest episodes of washington journal and information for c-span's tv network and c-span radio, plus a variety of --. download for free today. c-span now, your friend wr -- front row seat to washington anytime, anywhere. there are a lot of places to get political information, but only at c-span do you get it straight from the source. no matter where you are from or where you stand on the issues, c-span is america's network. unfiltered, unbiased, word for word. whether it happens here or here or here or anywhere that

matters, america is watching on c-span. powered by cable. washington journal continues. host: this is untrue with the brookings institution, a senior fellow and author of the book " know your price: valuing black lives and property in america's black cities.". welcome to the program. guest: thanks for having me. host: jackson, mississippi in the water problem. talk about the actual problem and what you think of the causes. guest: there is flooding throughout the south over the last few weeks during the summer and one of the incidents was acutely related to the flooding of the main water system there. water coming in from the pearl river. it overwhelmed it. the plant was already compromised. we kind of used deferred maintenance and it disabled the

pumps and filtration systems and 150,000 residents were not able to get clean water for a week. now, this was one of several over the last year and a half. many people may remember during the winter last year when about one quarter of the residents had clean water. it is clearly an issue around a broken system, broken infrastructure, at least from the water system there has been in a lot of talk in the media that one of the actual cost because this issue is years in the making, no one denies that. but from our perspective, we know that water management is a problem of segregation in this country. while there are some utilities that are managed regionally,

those regional investments are shared more regionally in that respect. but when it comes to water, municipalities are in charge of water systems. as a result, they must pay for it. that issue for a lot of people is that jackson does not have the revenue to repair upwards of $2 billion in needed repairs. and that has to come from federal and state sources. it will not come from the tax space there. jackson, as many people know, is one of the blackest cities in the blackest state in america. the state is one of the poorest and the union and jackson is one of the poorest cities. he started to see white flight

and also started to see black middle-class flight leaving some of the poorest residents in the state. that really just leave the city without tax revenue. there is a lot of debate on what caused that reduction in population. my research largely focuses on the valuation of assets. my colleagues and i found that black neighborhoods are underpriced by about $40,000 per home. so we measured homes and compared homes in black neighborhoods and white neighborhoods. for all those factors, education, crime, those things. and homes are valued less compared to comparable homes in

other areas. now, that is a metaphor for how we value assets in black neighborhoods. schools are devalued. infrastructure is devalued. other municipal services are devalued. now, and people will say that people love jackson -- left jackson because of bad services. well, that may be partially true, but in mississippi, people left largely because they did not want to be educated with black children. they did not want to live with black people. the federal government help facilitate that through investment. so what i have been saying is we need to fix this issue. no question about it. but we also need to recognize that black communities are devalued and we also need to fix races the issues about not wanting to live together.

at its best, infrastructure is a shared resource for economic and community development. it helps learning, all these other things. we can do things together with shared infrastructure. but right now, it is not shared. we don't have the sense that we are all in this together. host: let me invite viewers to call in and answer questions about the topic at hand. you can call us at regional lines today. eastern and central time zones, (202) 748-8000. mountain and pacific time zones, (202) 748-8001. and you can text us at (202) 748-8003. you can also send us a tweet @c-spanwj. the governor tate reeves monday talking about the issues at hand brought up some of the things that you brought up. i want to tell you some of what he had to say and get your response to it. >> the jackson government is

taking in more revenue overall these days than ever before. so what happened? how did we get here? basic work to maintain the facilities was not done because the few peer relic staff in that plant had been abandoned. this crisis cost tens of thousands of dollars to fix. and at a time to prevent, not billions and billions of dollars. whatever investment comes next, basic competency to run a water system has to come with it. we cannot continue the way that we have been going. the state has invested and will continue to invest a tremendous amount of resources to quickly fix what has been broken over the past few years. we have administered approximately $150 million in state and federal funding to the city over the last several years. we will spend tens of millions

of dollars more on this vision. id tote state funding for golf courses and parking lots in jackson this year because i knew that we would need to provide big investments like this at some point. unfortunately, we have never received a real plan from jackson on how to improve the water system so that the state could consider funding it. host: the governor they're talking about money from the state to the city and alleging mismanagement. what do you think about those claims? guest: there's constant claims that the reason why we are here is because of mismanagement and i just want to be absolutely clear -- when you are working in the city and you are getting low revenue overall, you have to make choices. you have to decide whether or not you want to invest in policing, stem education, infrastructure. when you don't have enough resources, you choose and some things fall short. in this case, there's a lot of

deferred maintenance that didn't happen. so yes, there has been mismanagement, really a poorly executed contract from those who were hired to help prepare the mayor's assistant, and that was a horrible contract that everyone recognizes including the city that went horribly wrong. but this is really an issue of a city not having enough resources to deal with a $2 billion crisis. the governor noted that the state has provided --, but they are woefully inadequate to address the $2 billion of needed repairs. now, this is a state capital. people forget that. legislators have to go into work

dealing with this issue, bypassing this issue. that is where you have to have some type of emotional connection to this. there is sort of this dissidence that i can go into work and not worry about water because i'm going elsewhere at the end of the day. and how that plays out is how it plays out in many different areas. we know that in black cities, there is eroding infrastructure, particularly around water. i have a close relationship with water and a lack of investment in infrastructure in those systems, we see a lot of counties and cities where literally water sometimes stops when it gets to black borders. for me, this is about our willingness to change the approach. we clearly need a more regional

approach to water management. there is an approach called one water that really is an integrated, inclusive approach to managing water representative thompson, a democrat has proposed a regional water management word structure. i certainly think that is going on the right path but we the have to increase that in terms of a way of being. host: the governor also suggesting perhaps privatization be on the table. gast: for me, privatization is one of the reasons why we are here. this is my community, this is what i'm going to deal with. it so happens that many communities in mississippi are very segregated. they will say hey, this is our issues, our responsibility. we don't have a responsibility for someone else. but when it comes to something like infrastructure, we are in this together.

we do need some regional, shared approaches to management. and it is a test of how we are going to see ourselves as citizens of the same country, in the same state, in the same region. we share in some responsibility together. if we can't do that around infrastructure, we are going to see incidents like this happen over and over again. water is necessary. whether you are a black town, white town, poor town, rich town, someone should not be afforded better water than someone else. but we have a system that allows for it. we have residents in a place, and we still need clean water in that place. we need some system that won't

allow for residents to not get basic things like water. host: is it purely erase issue, or an economic issue? middle-class blacks also left the city as well. are the two connected? guest: race and class certainly are connected in many different ways, but i see this more as an issue rooted in our inability to get along, whatever prevents us from doing that. in mississippi, if you are not talking about race and racism then you are literally not talking about one of the main issues why we are not getting together there is clearly cross-divide, no question about that. and we have to figure out how to go to school with poor people. we have to learn how to go to score with black people and white people -- school with black people and white people,

hispanic and others. this is a central problem that is eroding the republic. for me, and mississippi, it is about race along the line because white people moved originally clearly about racism. host: this is andre again with brookings institution. washington, d.c., first up for our guest read go ahead. -- guests. go ahead. caller: i think he just said people left the city because they don't want to live with black people. what is the evidence you are using to say that or is it lies? thank you. guest: it wasn't that long ago, 1954, there was a resistance

historically, particularly in the 70's. that is when you were started to see desegregation kick in the south. really starting to put their foot down, so to speak, and people responded, they moved. also, remember, that didn't just happen without some policy intervention. in the 50's, we started to see federal highway is to really start to support the movement toward highway construction, development outside of the city. that really help things along. one of the criticisms around people who say racism is part of this, they will say people are moving not because of racism, they are moving because there is a lack of opportunity, a lack of quality housing and so on and so forth.

again, those things might be true, but you didn't get that quality in these other places without investment. nothing rose without investment. so what i've said is we need to put investment and growth in areas that we clearly need it. this idea that we should only invest in places that technically we don't need it is ridiculous. we also need to invest in places where clearly, we need growth. host: we saw the administration pass infrastructure plan. how much of that plan could help cities like jackson resolve issues like they are having with their water? guest: the infrastructure really only provided mississippi about $500 million. they have a $2 billion effort. we saw about $40 million go to jackson. again, this was declared a federal emergency, biden is

going to address that. but long-term, there needs to be a long-term change in the structure and how infrastructure is paid for because even if somehow these repairs were made, you still have to maintain them. and if you don't have the revenue to maintain them, you will be back here. we do need a change in structure of how water is managed in the region. host: let's go to aaron in virginia. caller: i'm originally from philadelphia, raised in the 80's. the desegregation program. i have definitely witnessed white flight. i believe there was a systematic dismantling of black communities.

i am a descendant of one of the founders of blackdom -- you can google it for the listeners. but there is a defunding from black community while also negative attributes were brought in. you saw the gun stores, the pawnshops come into those communities and also the "stop snitching" mentality that was happening in the black community while people relieving and black people relieving the communities. the community i grew up it was very diverse but we saw that people are starting to leave. for black people, poor white people did not want to live together. my main question is how do we keep these communities that we live in to solidify against the negative business of divesting and defunding of black

communities and black lives in these communities? ultimately, what happens as we start breaking apart, crime comes in, and then gentrification happens. people have to move out, and they can't afford to live in grandma's house and now it is going from $200,000 to $500,000. host: sorry to interrupt you, that is a lot for our guests to think about. go ahead. guest: i do agree, there has been a significant amount of investment in black communities in particular. the way to reverse that is through investment in community and economic activity. again, nothing grows without investment. so when you're talking about community development, you have to talk about housing. there was just announced the government-sponsored incorporation of rental payments in determining readiness.

why that is important, bank of america recently announced that they would have down payment loans. as a result of that, they are going to use new metrics on determining borrowers. don't think of the housing crisis in a sense of you have a lot of borrowers who are not ready to do something. they are creating new metrics and find also invisible borrowers who may not have had the assets growing up. but they pay all the bills on time, they pay their rent, and they are just creating some new models to determine that. those are the kinds of things that will help people stay in communities or help people get into communities. and solidify those activities.

my colleague tracy and i are pursuing this idea called buyback the block where we were going to identify commercial corners that you received investments. we are working with cities across the country and helping them with those commercial corridors. again, every city deserves water. every city deserves a main street. i don't care if you're in rural america, you need a barbershop, you need your insurance companies, you need other services in the area, but you also need high revenue growth types of businesses. host: the caller said dissertation. -- gentrification. is that a bad word in this case? guest: it means that people are being pushed out. but there are ways to develop communities in a way that don't push out existing residents.

that means creating programs and opportunities for those residents. too often, gentrification happens because you are building structures for other people to come in and benefit from it. we need to create programs and initiatives that are developing the people who are there. a study came out not too long ago that examined the benefits of placing new school buildings in neighborhoods, and not surprising that when you place a new school in a neighborhood, the entire neighborhood grows economically because there's jobs created, there is new activities. so they also invest in people who are there. this should not be a great issue. you have seen people in rural

america struggled the same way they are struggling in black america. for me, it is about figuring out ways to invest in people who are committed to their neighborhood. they wouldn't leave that there was an opportunity. they say this is my home in detroit, this is my home in jackson. and they are going to stay there. we owe something to those folks. my colleague is constantly talking about superstar cities and how there is a lot of investment across the country. boston, the bay area, new york, the dmv. but there are other places that have ideas, other places that are creating. we need to figure out ways to invest in those ideas. host: in the washington post this morning, there is a story about baltimore having issues with water and they attributed to infrastructure and the like. guest: and baltimore is a major

city. and i say this not loosely -- if baltimore was a majority white city, we would not see the lack of investment in that city. and this is what i mean by that. part of this dilemma is that you are not seeing the tech space rise up. and one of the reasons why is we are not investing in businesses. we are not investing in the colleges. refurbishing commercial quarters in this area. and so when we do that, everyone benefits from it. with places like baltimore, we'd seen decades and decades without basic necessities.

and by the way, college infrastructure. when you don't invest in the people -- we keep talking at infrastructure, but really, is about whether or not we are investing in people. it comes down to whether or not infrastructure is maintained. but when we invest in people, we can see the growth of cities. for me, this is a simple but difficult thing to do, but we do need to invest in businesses, startups, and encouraging more employees. we do need to invest in mainstreet. we need to invest in housing. clearly, we need to invest in infrastructure. the same way we got out of the great depression in the 30's, 40's, and 50's by investing in places where there was little to offer, we can see that in many

of our communities. host: patricia in minneapolis, you are next. guest: caller: in your opening statement, you said that they deferred maintenance. if i don't maintain my car, it is going to break down. i certainly wouldn't look to my neighbors to buy me a new car. but in the city of jackson, that city has been run by democrats for decades and decades and decades. black people need to value their own lives. they need to take care of their own communities. what is up with not maintaining your water supply? if you say it is the most important thing, why weren't they doing that? there is a lot of waste in that city. i bet there was corruption for decades and decades. looking to other people to solve your problems is endless. it will never end.

black families, fathers aren't there. they are on welfare. the kids don't have a chance. you look at the teachers union, the horrible job they are doing with black kids in particular, they don't have a chance. guest: to compare your car to infrastructure is a bad comparison to say the least. we share infrastructure. power grids and water systems, across geographies and racial groups, that is the problem. people don't see how that

extends to air shared responsibilities. we shouldn't give them to jackson. let's be clear, the governor in mississippi block many different efforts to raise taxes. so there is this racialized idea when a higher authority can overrule -- the higher authority being the state can overrule the city. there is a racialized version of that where they offer different solutions on the table. some of them involving increasing taxes, but the governor who just recently place one of the largest tax cuts in the history of mississippi thwarted those efforts. this isn't a matter of private

good and people should take care of themselves. certainly, there is a self-determination among black people. certainly, there are problems. but -- and this is where my research comes into play -- when there is a devaluation of people, when there is a devaluation of property, when there is a devaluation of neighborhoods, you get less revenue to actually improve neighborhoods. and so the caller really is listing a fundamental thing about infrastructure -- it is shared. infrastructure is shared. it is not a private good. host: our guest is referring to the devaluation of assets in black neighborhoods. andre perry and others, it is on the booking's at bookings.edu. cleveland, mississippi is next.

that is where blake is. caller: i just want to say the problem is that america has the most diverse people on the planet. i mean, you are asking us because you aren't willing to -- because you can't have a home that has 50 times more than others. you are only investing in education. you put drugs in our community. we don't manufacture that, but you encourage everything. people are tribal. people are tribal. it is all about mine, mine, mine.

people are tribal. this is an experiment to see if people could live together. but when you have a government for hundreds of years and then turn around and not do anything for this people, you just compound the problem. there is inequality and your inability to straighten this out. i am ashamed to be an american, i truly am. thank you. guest: what i want to propose here is infrastructure actually provides an opportunity to come together because it is a good vet should be shared. and the governor of mississippi, the mayor of jackson should demonstrate that there is an opportunity to change the structures and the mindset that

creates this segregated approach to everything we do. infrastructure at its best provides a foundation for community well-being. we can build new schools, we can create new roads, new water systems together. because we have to pay for it together. and the benefits should be shared as well. we talk a lot about in research the negative cost of segregation and certainly, that contributes. but we also should look at the positive impact of diversity and inclusion. one of the studies that i did, we showed that black people represent about 40% of the u.s. population but only 2% of employer firms. if the percentages matched, we would have 800,000 more firms.

trillions of dollars added to the economy. in that regard, we just missed out on so many opportunities because we don't see the strength in people. and we don't encourage building up those strengths through infrastructure. so what i am saying is let's use this tragedy as a way to not only lift up the city of jackson, but to show that mississippi can be a better state. collectively. at the root of the last comment is we do have strength in our diversity, we just have to exercise it. host: is there a city that turned things around, similar to jackson that otherwise managed

to turn things around, and if so, how did they do it? guest: i can't point to a city that has been doing that but i do know that if folks look at the one water initiative, there are many cities and towns all across the country that are exercising this approach to water management. i do believe that there are many different cities that are grappling with race and racism and creating -- massachusetts tried to create a new education funding forum that is more equitable in nature. you see reparations at a local level acknowledging. i think we had a long way to go, but there are also many different cities that have better outcomes than others.

certainly, there are cities throughout the united states -- i am working on a project now that is examining life expectancy that runs in range. there are counties in the u.s. were black people live to their 90's and there are counties in the u.s. where black people live to their 60's. so we need to investigate why that is the case and there are some places doing better than others. i think jackson and mississippi can do a lot better. host: evaluate black lives matter property in america's black cities. indiana, go ahead. caller: i think when he is talking about investment, the gentle man is referring to an investment by the federal government or the state. a lot of cities, when they look

to investment and rebuilding infrastructure, they look to the capital system to try to bring in businesses to do that. i can see that in louisville in particular where there have been several businesses that wanted to open and the community itself stop that. also, an analogy that may fit this gentleman's criteria a little bit better. i live in a rural area and our infrastructure is shared, our water company is a rural water company that was started by our town. we voted on things and established that and then our fire department is also a volunteer fire department, and we pay for that with our taxes. we actually just -- i think it

was a couple years ago, within our township and our county, we actually have our own taxes to buy better equipment and things like that. you know, i would like people to take a more realistic approach to things instead of just saying we need more money from the federal government and say well, but we are seeing these outbreaks of shoplifting so we need cvs and walgreens to move out of our community. these riots burning down black-owned businesses. not just white businesses, not big businesses, not starbucks. we watched two years of black communities burning down black businesses. now that is sad. host: indiana. guest: one thing i will say is

that many rural communities did the crime that he described. they had to essentially work across different regions and different municipalities because they needed to use a more regional approach to water management and other utilities. garbage collection, fire, policing. there's lots of municipalities saying we can't afford to do this on our own, the industrial age has passed us and many of the towns that were once sub-sufficient art. we have to take the same approach. i want to just bring an analogy, one of my favorite sayings that comes from the technology, a vietnamese philosopher. i am hoping the listeners can hear this. if it is not growing, you don't blame the lettuce.

you look to the soil, you look to the sunlight, you look to see if it is getting some water. you never blame the lettuce. in black communities, we blame the lettuce. we think what is wrong with the black people? you are the cause of your own demise. not seeing what caused the lack of water, the rainwater, the corroded soil. the lack of sunlight. there are policies that created these conditions. so the crux of this thing is if you are really interested, you are not going to blame people. you are going to blame the lettuce. i just want people to understand , that is part of the problem. if we are ever going to see our collective responsibilities, we have to stop blaming people. host: louisiana, go ahead.

caller: good morning, america. that was touching. that goes along with what i'm thinking. america the last few years, i am a democrat. also raised in europe, needy brat. -- navy brat. i was looking at the trainees and how they get up from here and there and i did a comparison to european train systems, and on the same size map i looked at our area. we have a lot. if we could go see beautiful jackson, you know, america, we

just need to be able to stop. host:host: transportation is guest: another infrastructure issue guest:. clearly, people need to get to work. relatives and friends and family and the rail systems can really be an investment that increases jobs, increases lifestyles. that is another area that we need to take a serious look at how can we use every building, a refurbishing like the railroad system to improve our overall quality of life in these communities? again, the caller brings up a good point.

for many communities around the world, rail is something that unifies, a major economic development tracker. we can do more of that here in the states in question. host: the brookings institution is at brookings.edu. andre perry serves as a senior fellow for the institution. thanks for your time today. guest: thanks for having me. host: later on, we are going to talk about president biden's foreign policy record with the national security advisor of the trump administration, a senior fellow at the heritage foundation. first, we will take you to open forum for about a half hour. (202) 748-8000 free democrats. (202) 748-8001 for republicans and independent -- for republicans, and for independents, (202) 748-8003.

announcer: book tv podcast about books with nonfiction book releases, plus bestseller lists as well as industry news and trends through insider interviews. insight about books on c-span now, the free mobile app or wherever you get your podcast. listening to programs on c-span through c-span radio just got easier. tell your smart speaker to play c-span radio and listen to washington journal daily at 7:00 p.m. eastern and other public affairs events throughout the day. catch washington today for a fast-paced report on the stories of the day. listen to c-span anytime. just tell your smart speaker play c-span radio. c-span: powered by cable.

now available in the c-span shop, c-span's 2022 congressional directory. go there today to order a copy of the congressional directory. this book is your guide to the federal government with contact information for every member of congress including committee assignments. also, contact information for state governors and the biden administration cabinet. order your copy today at c-spanshop.org or scan the code with your smart phone. every purchase helps support c-span's nonprofit operation. announcer: washington journal continues. if you want host: to join this open forum, you can text at (202) 748-8003. as the senate gambles back in session, lawmakers work behind the scenes on a deal to extend spending.

the story also adding that some republicans will oppose the division. the $47 billion emergency spending request will be dedicated to fighting covid-19. on the senate floor was chuck schumer talking about what to expect from the agenda over the next few weeks. here is senator schumer from yesterday. >> we begin this short period with several high-priority items that demand our immediate attention. when it concludes, the senate must come together to pass a continuing resolution to extend -- expand government funding. last week, the administration sent us a request for a number of funding items they would like us to work on. ukraine, pandemic relief, and other items. this process, of course, needs to be bipartisan. if democrats are going to work to avoid even a hint of a shutdown, there is no

expectation that our republican colleagues will do the same. we are also working to confirm even more of president joe biden's judicial nominees. and yet later today, the senate is scheduled to vote to advance the nomination of judge john lee, the circuit court judge for the seventh circuit. if confirmed, judge lee would make history as the first asian-american judge to sit on the seventh circuit. turning the proud company of other bite nominees making our court error and more representative of every country. a graduate of harvard lost will come judge lee was unanimously confirmed a decade ago. in his time on the banshee has proven himself to be impartial, fair-minded, and committed to rule of law. he will be the first of many judicial nominees that will advance this month and beyond. now, more than ever, the senate

must make judicial confirmations a top priority. what to do in assent to keep improving the lives of the american people. we continue with the same vigor, the same determination, the same persistence that has made this one of the most productive sessions the senate has seen in a long, long time. host: the washington post, we should do this before, a page saying that one of the documents describing a foreign government military offenses including nuclear capabilities found by fbi agent to search the former president mar-a-lago residence. some of these documents feature top-secret u.s. operations, closely guarded as many officials are kept in the dark about them. the open forum as well for the next half hour or so.

jack, republican line, starting us off. hello. caller: hello, thanks for having me on. i would like to categorically deny that previous guest's analogy of the cabbage. if you're not willing to look at the black communities when cds failed because of shoplifting and other things, you're never going to fix the problem. so that is what i have to say. host: ok. colorado, independent line. caller: good morning, pedro. how are you? host: i'm fine, thanks. caller: i'm a registered libertarian. this past week i attended a local convention, one of the things we keep turning to are the cultural panels.

i feel like if you will you want to get a better understanding, it is good to have some cultural understanding. i think that is something that is sorely missing, especially -- host: i apologize, i am going to have to cut you off because the connection is bad. if you want to give us another shot if you can improve that connection, we would appreciate it. let's hear from mike in new york, republican line. you are next. caller: [indiscernible] a lot of political speeches -- some of the speeches for president biden -- trump because

of -- industry. no one is obstructing democracy. nothing dramatic happened and nothing will happen. i'm not taking it personally, look on your neighbor as someone who wants to destroy america. and don't take it personal. they may say what they want, but you should know. the military will investigate, they will go out. but nothing will happen.

you want to try to overthrow the government. host: that is like in new york. let's hear from jimmy. jimmy is in athens, georgia. jimmy, go ahead. caller: i will be the first person to say that i thank you for taking my call. i want to talk to you today about the issue of voter suppression. during the reagan days, nobody ever talked about voter suppression for what it meant. now, some people are saying requiring an id is a form of voter suppression. welcome that is a separate issue. i am opposed to voter suppression except for voters who really, really hate politicians. and i have decided that when you hate a politician, that hatred will destroy you, as richard

nixon said. my form of voter suppression is that i encourage anyone who hates a politician to exercise your right to not vote. you do have the right to not vote and by not voting, that hatred for politicians will go away and will not destroy you. thanks, pedro, have a great day. host: former president obama returns to the white house with the first lady. they will oversee and watch their official portrait installations there. this will be at 1:30 in the afternoon. you can see it on c-span. follow along on the mobile app and on our website. in the washington post this morning, a story taking a look at reported tensions lingering between former president obama and joe biden. he reports that some biden loyalists are resentful that

president biden did not throat -- president obama did not throw his full weight behind president biden, claiming that even now his team did not fully respect president biden, and that is a -- his aides regularly boast about --. he goes on to say for much of the obama presidency, the relationship between him and president palma -- obama was hailed as a bromance, and obama awarded president biden the president, the freedom. but he has also noticed the men come from different generations. they have different styles. president obama deep thinker, president biden a constant politician.

that is in the washington post. this is gray in texas. caller: i wanted to speak to that gentle man so bad but you all hung up on me. i want to get my point across. what is going on in america is sad. it is the same thing. every time people start getting ahead in this country, they start making laws to take power away from us. we've got churches trying to help the black communities. they put rumors out of black -- about this black church going on in the community. trying to get people to fight against each other to stop them from being successful. then, they turned around and going into the communities, black people are doing good. we are doing everything we are supposed to do. if we have a nice car, we stole

it. we've got houses that we bought, property that we bought, we are trespassing, getting shot. breonna taylor got shot and the bankers can go in there to buy the properties cheap. we were doing good in this country, but they won't let us. they are only buying up all this property to keep us from getting ahead. it ain't about policy. you look at the violence going on, people are in prison right now for burning up those houses, shooting police officers. we've been talking -- host: let's hear from dorothy in massachusetts, independent line. caller: hello, this is dorothy. i have a comment really about the previous statement.

at the time, i was visiting the city of baltimore with my husband who was -- has subsequently died, but we had a wonderful time in baltimore. we went to the wonderful art museum where we were welcomed and given guided tours. we went to a wonderful historical museum. finally, we went down to the waterfront where we learned about the site where people were standing, looking out over the water. we were standing, looking out over the water. where, supposedly, the bombs bursting in air gave proof through the night that eric church was still there.

these are wonderful historical sites and historical museums. i would get baltimore in a plus in terms of being a wonderful place to visit, and i don't remember when we went there, it might have been on femoral -- in february. there also weren't a whole lot of people walking thehost: if yf u.s. debt -- the practice they have when it comes to monitoring social media, this story highlights the fact that it is a little-known practice within the fbi called social media exploitation. it might be moderate -- monitoring the activities -- agents can legally monitor

public online activities who are not under on -- investigation but the bureau can -- as long as it is doing it so -- so for law-enforcement purposes. experts say that gives the fbi more power that it is willing to acknowledge publicly. they say they have a responsibility to protect -- protect against terrorism. more to the story is the front page while peace if you want to read it on the website. this is forum -- open forum for the next 15 minutes. (202) 748-8000 four democrats. (202) 748-8001 four republicans. (202) 748-8002 four

independents. this is george. guest: -- caller: i want to mention how education is so important for americans but the problem -- a goes by the town city -- it's goes by the town city and it is segregation disparity but what i wanted to mention is it is the time for all of our towns and cities, the recovery act infrastructure bill and inflation bill, the recovery bill. the greatest from federal -- the grants from federal government -- as far as all school tax increases -- for certain reasons and lastly, i would like to say are totally believe in individual responsibility but also we are in this together. host: democrats line.

caller: thanks for taking my call. i have a way to make this call for decades and i can't get an answer. it is about c-span one through three. are there any of those providers and you list the list of groups that make of c-span. are there any of them that make all three of them available to the poorest and least expensive programs because in my home and i know of several others, you have to go up 20 more dollars in fees to get c-span two or c-span3. when i asked the question, i think we badly need c-span two and those others -- for all the people who don't understand how the american government works and don't understand american history and don't have computers

that work at home and all they have is that tv. why can't these providers that do provide all three and if there are, i was taken -- we can find who they are and shame the others. why are you holding back the other two for people who need it most? host: i don't know the exact answer because caper of -- cable operators have different approaches but let me do this. if we could put you on hold, we will take your information and we have people who deal with these questions. don't stare -- downstairs folks, put her on hold and take some information from her like it email and we can -- maybe we can get you an answer. let's do that for you if we can. a new british prime minister

serving the united kingdom, liz truss had a speech and talked about what she hopes to accomplish in her role as pm and laid out policy priorities that she wants to achieve. here is liz truss. >> we will trust -- transform brixon into an aspirational nation with five paying -- high-paying jobs -- and everyone has the opportunity they deserve. i will take action every day to make it happen. united with our allies, we will stand up for free democracy around the world, recognizing that we can't have security at home without having security abroad. as prime minister, i will pursue three early priorities. firstly, i will get brixon working again.

i have a plan to grow the economy through tax cuts and reform. i will cut taxes to reward hard work and boost business growth. i will drive her form in my mission to get the united kingdom working and building and growing. we will get space in the ground to make sure people are not facing unaffordable energy bills and we will make sure that we are building hospitals and schools and roads and broadband. secondly, i will deal hands on with the energy crisis caused by putin's war. i will take action this week to deal with energy bills and to secure our future energy supply. thirdly, i will make sure that people can get doctors appointments and dna tests -- and the nhs services they need.

we will deliver on the -- by delivery on the economy, energy, and the nhs, we will put the nation on the path to long-term success. host: go to our app if you want to see more. we will hear next from john. caller: thanks for taking my call. i wanted to point out, i know there is a lot of people listening now. when they raided mar-a-lago, they went into barron trump's classroom. the 16-year-old son of our former president and searched his room because i am sure he had all kinds of stuff. there. what is ironic is, the fbi had hunter biden's laptop oh -- four over two years which has all kinds of things you want to search.

nothing has happened to hunter. i hope when obama is in the white house, they discussed that. host: from frank in pennsylvania, democrats line. caller: i like to thank you for the studios -- studious program. this gentleman has to realize, black folks have to believe with black folks. we have to get together and create a curriculum that presents our problems to this one nation under god, which we know, black full to have been the stepping stool. we are always to blame for the adults and --dope and guns. no one cares about white's flight. when we came here, even if we

had education, we work struggling -- we were scrubbing floors. praise be to the one in heaven. we know the letters come from bad soil. god bless all of you all. host: two senators, tammy baldwin and susan collins have an op-ed calling on the senate, past the respect for marriage at. they both writes that the act is a straightforward measure. only four pages in length. it would repeal the defense of marriage act, the 1966 law that allows states to refuse to recognize same-sex marriages. the new act would require government to recognize the marriage if the marriage was

valid in the state it was performed. it also -- the outlet says that the house of representatives passed the act and it is working used to stand together in support of marriage equality. there is more in the washington post and we will hear from larry on the republican line. he is in georgia. go ahead. caller: thanks for taking my call. i am a republican and i used to be a democrat. whack, 80 two years old and i voted for trump not because i like him. low gas prices and i liked low inflation and secure borders. we have plumbers and electricians not because of personalities but because of job performance.

also, pro-life, i believe a woman has a right to choose with their own body. if she wants to cut off a finger, go ahead but don't cut a babies finger off. i appreciate the time you gave me. host: from wally in temple hills, maryland. democrats line. wally in maryland. caller: it is willie. host: sorry about that. caller: i think a person running for the president of the u.s. should required to pass a -- cleanse before they run. the way it is now come up a person can run and win and get a secret clearance without going through a process. i don't think that is fair. host: democrats line. caller: good morning.

thanks for c-span and all of your listeners. i watched c-span -- what is the matter? host: you are probably listening to your television so go ahead with your comment. caller: thanks for c-span and all of the listeners on c-span. right now, i have been running around the united states for 75 years. start to be an american patriot, not a patriot. we have to many different parties and people that aren't really using the common sense way of life. they use what they feel or what they want to do. when it comes down to president trump, he feels he is above the law.

he was the first sitting president that ran to a dictator country, north korea and russia. when he came back here, president trump visited the countries and he wanted north korea -- the dictator country was happening and i feel like this is what he wants to do. he wants to be a dictator to the united states. that is what he has so many people resigning and quitting his administration because they didn't want to go along with what he was doing. host: one more call from carl in alabama. democrats line. caller: good morning i what -- and i would like to say that everything that donald trump touches turns to craft --crap.

he has dangled pardons before witnesses in cases to not testify against him. he has dangled pardons to january 6 insurrectionists and it seems he is dangling supreme court nominations to the judge who is presiding over the seizure of the mar-a-lago classified documents. she is supposed to be on the supreme court shortlist. i would not be shocked if this judge moves in -- roles in a manner that is going to be -- host: president trump is no longer president? caller: it is probably in mind that he will probably run and win again. that is the premise. if he runs again and if he is fortunate to win again, that she will be nominated by him. host: carl in alabama finishing

off both informs -- open phones. we will hear from virginia colts -- she is a senior fellow at the heritage foundation talking about the foreign policy record and issues facing the biden administration. that is coming up on the washington journal. ♪ ♪ >> it is your time to sign -- shine. you are it invited to participate in this year's c-span competition. picture yourself as a newly

elected member of congress. we asked this year's competitors what is your top priority and why? make a 5-6 minute video that shows your vision from opposing and supporting perspectives. the bold. among the $100,000 in cash -- cash prizes, there is a $5,000 tom price. visit our website at studentcam s.org. ♪ >> c-span shop -- c-spanshop.org is c-span's store. there is something for every c-span fan and every purchase will support our nonprofit operation. shop now or every time -- anytime at c-span

shp.org. >> keep up with today's biggest events. white house events, the courts and more from the world of politics all at your fingertips. stay current with the latest episodes of washington journal and find scheduling information for c-span's tv network and c-span radio, plus a variety of compelling podcasts. c-span now is available on the apple store and google play. your front row seat to washington anytime, anywhere. >> there are a lot of places to get political information, but only at c-span do you get it straight from the source. no matter where you are from or where you stand on the issues,

c-span is america's network. unfiltered, unbiased, word for word. if it happens here, or here, or here, or everywhere -- anywhere that matters, america is watching on c-span powered by cable. >> washington journal continues. host: victoria coates -- she was also the former deputy national security adviser in the trump administration from 2019 to 2020. thanks for coming on the program. what was your specialty? >> mostly mentored -- middle east energy issues. -- and energy issues. mostly israel and iran issues. host: and gentle energy related issue is the recent decision by

russian -- pressure to cut off gas to europe for a period of time. what happened and what is behind this move? guest: it is an escalatory move and the problem is the europeans have been increasing their independency -- dependency of russian gas through the nord stream 1 pipeline. into europe, bypassing ukraine and other transit points and it always seemed that this is not a very wise move for the europeans, to place their energy security in vladimir putin's hands and i saw santa cruz had a strong sanction legislation on the nord stream 2 pipeline to shut it down, that president trump supported because president trump understood this was a terrible idea and we are seeing the fruits of it and the energy crisis in europe is

existential. host: mayor krewson is saying that this decision came from sanctions placed on the whistle. they blamed the west. guest: he made it a quid pro quo. that is what the germans told us for years, couldn't possibly happen because cool needed to sell gas what than they needed to buy it. the immediate recourse is going to be difficult. it will be helpful if the united states what that -- whatnot -- that takes time and we should have done it two years ago but that is no reason not to start now. they need to not close all the new we are plants that they have been threatening to close. -- nuclear plants that they have been threatening to close. host: what parts are europe are

at -- directly affected? guest: all of your because the pipelines go directly into germany but reducing that means there is less work everyone. it is a global market. it is not isolated imports so we are seeing terrible spikes in great britain as well as ex-cop scott -- intercontinental europe. we are seeing plants shutting down. the kind of supply chain disruptions we have been seeing over the last 18 months will get worse. host: the white house press secretary was asked about this issue and had an exchange with the reporter. i want to play that exchange for you. >> there -- they are going through serious economic concerns. is there any room for assistance

in terms of supporting them for lowering energy cross -- costs -- >> what we see with russia is doing -- is that they are weaponizing energy and it is choosing -- the shutdown of the pipeline of nord stream 1. so the sanctions we impose stand in the way from the pipelines operating so the u.s. and europe has ensuring that these supplies are it -- by the critical we -- winter heating season so we have more work to do but we are working closely with allies. host: victoria coates, what could the u.s. do to help? >> we could be coordinating with other producing nations and i think one of the key best stakes the current demonstration is making is that they are fostering the united states as a committee -- consuming nation. the president goes around the

world and asking for much more production and has not taken the basic steps to maximize production. saudi arabia looks at that and says you want us to increase production but that lowers process -- profits. they are not inclined to do that. it is not encouraging but the press secretary referred to the pipeline as the northing -- nord stream pipeline. it shows a lack up seriousness on the issue and they are putting much on the table. the united states should be an counterpoint. we should be offering our experts as energy as a way to encourage the free world and bring people together. that can be untold for us. host: as far as allies, what are

the strongest allies as far as helping your teaching -- helping europe teaching? -- with heating? guest: there is a potential for lebanon to get in if they can put themselves together and find a maritime border agreement with the israelis. there have been projects for pipelines into europe but they have not made sense economically before and the administration withdrew their support for one of them and i believe several this year. the administration should revisit that economics of the pipeline and what it would look like and we could ask myself exports out of egypt. there are two facilities in egypt to the receptacles in europe. the germans never got around to boding well for themselves.

host: if you want to ask questions, (202) 748-8000 four group -- democrats, (202) 748-8001 four republicans, for independents, (202) 748-8002. if you want to text, (202) 748-8003 is how you do that. let me ask you about the seizing from the documents from mar-a-lago. should the president have done a better job handling this? guest: i wasn't privy to have the documents removed. i can say i never saw him as handle present fight information any way -- classified information in any way. i would think this comes down to a rule of law -- would not think

this comes down to a will of law issue and how we as a company -- country supports -- approaches the former president and how much -- was a part of vape pen that as a -- against the -- was a part of a vendetta against the president. they need to be more forthcoming. it is really unsettling times when you have presidents coming out and declaring half the country -- is semi-fascist. you are seeing an event like this and it sends a very divisive message. i would strongly urge -- i have done a lot of work with the national archives and they are a wonderful is institution. i am sure we can get this material to shipshape.

it has sent a bad message. host: do you suggest it is handled improperly? guest: i have no idea. host: to what degree was this unethical security risk -- a national security west --risk? guest: we have observed in the national security council is involved in a review of the process because elements within the federal government can exploit the process to read -- retain control information and manipulate it. i think that is something important for republicans and democrats to get after an terms of how do we get more information clearly to the american people and there could have been an issue of that going on and the stakes are possible -- mistakes are possible. i used to work for donald rumsfeld.

he was anonymously concerned in the digital records the pentagon gave us that something classified crept in and we would not know because we are getting -- digitize on cds so he had a stamp made. there is a stamp on every page certifying it is declassified. it can happen. i don't know if it was an accident or what the circumstances were but i think it is a good lesson that this kind of reform that the nfc is necessary. host: if a president says something is declassified, does it make it so? guest: i think you can. --it can. secretary bronson fell -- rumsfeld -- there was an

automatic presentation process. if you are an authority, you can set it for years to be declassified. it appends on what that protocol is but the president is either classifying authority. host: this is all any false verse -- falls church -- all over in --oliver in falls church, virginia. caller: i would like to get on here and say to you, it is really outrageous that you all make excuses for donald trump's behavior. he is a criminal who got to put three justices on the supreme court. he has talked about harassing

women. it is amazing that you republicans will stand by a man with no morals -- who has no morals whatsoever. it is amazing and that is the reason that joe biden is having trouble with the government in this country because the maga republicans are doing everything he can -- they can to make sure he is not successful and they don't care about america. they just care about donald trump. host: ok. guest: it is a great country because we can have our views. i disagreed with him but it is his rights to hold that position and it is great that c-span gives a platform to hold opinions. host: we will hear from pete in new hampshire. go ahead on the independent line. caller: good morning.

everything that she has spoke about so far, she is spot on, 100%. it is a shame -- you look at the comparison between the last administration and the current one. the difference is daylight and darkness and ended party that does not see that is pretty -- crazy or misguided. it is a shame with the energy situation in our own country. we have caused a lot of our own problems. the last administration went ahead and they held their ground and put their thumbs down to the nord stream 2 pipeline. biden came in and look at the disaster he created. to shut down the pipelines -- but when ahead and approved nord

stream 2 two progression. it is the same, barack obama -- i shame and barack obama, as much as i didn't care for him, even barack obama and -- said, when joe biden announced he would run for office, barack obama said you didn't have to do this. guest: the obama's will be at the white house so there may be drama. i strongly agree with the energy piece. i am from pennsylvania and the keystone state is one of the great energy and particularly electricity exporters. in the country. we have to get product to california now. pennsylvania is facing a very serious decision about -- because our democrat governor

and attorney general who is running for governor has demonized these fossil fuel industries in pennsylvania. we need to make a decision and we would be an exporter to new hampshire and the east coast. do we want to continue to be the powerhouse of the northeast are what we just advocate that -- abdicate that advantage and face more situations by california? host: vladimir putin said he would ship for oil to asia because of price caps on other countries. what does that do to the other countries affected by that decision? guest: i had a piece in the national review about what he is doing -- presidency is doing -- presidency -- president xi is doing. -- into some bargain based on

the fact that the russians -- the chinese has not provided the russians with military aid and about -- the policy there is -- alice e bear is the chinese president -- fallacy there -- the president of china is putin's banker. he will be perfectly happy to keep gobbling up energy and at the same time, almost comically, we have the chinese reaching out to ukraine to get reconstruction products -- projects. they want to have it both ways. it is interesting to have russia become one of the largest suppliers to china -- surpassing saudi arabia.

host: that gives the putin administration the ability to hold out as far as sanctions are concerned? guest: exactly. we have lowered the boom in terms of sanctions on the sacred -- central bank and anyone who does business with the central bank. that slows the president of china down because he needs the market and are federal reserve were then he needs russia. unless we are willing to take that, i don't think putin is under any threat of meltdown. host: new jersey. caller: the former president leaving the white house because -- with classified documents -- guest: you have to be the current president to

declassified. -- to declassified --declassify. caller: exactly, thank you. host: democrat line. -- donna, independent line. caller: i have a question and comment. the transition between presidents is six hours. who goes in and decides what documents are going to be packed? it can't be the president because he does not have time to go through everything and i think that the last mar-a-lago was basically -- because they were there in june to go through all the stuff and they were looking for something in particular -- they could have found it then. i believe this is a trip that is going to plant something for the october surprise for president

trump. i am not a conspiracists. i am 81 years old and i have watched every election but i think this was an opportunity to plant something in their home to pull out in october. what do you think? guest: that is exactly the point i am trying to make. the way this has been handled has cost concerns about a wide range of people and it is not just republicans but independents as well. i would hope that the director of the fbi and the attorney general will be more forthcoming about how this has gone down. in terms of the transition, i was in deep department of energy. i wasn't in the white house for the transition but i understand there is a very professional group in the white house that manages the paperwork around the president and it will be my

assumption that the staff secretary would be the one who would oversee the process of packing up any record the president wanted to keep her personal use and whatever records would go to the national archives. host: what does the -- united states need to do to change the game as far as the back-and-forth between the two countries? guest: it has been remarkable because i heard from members of congress in the house and senate that the administration came up in the days before the invasion and were briefed that it will be a four date war. a russian republic would be installed and we would feel an insurgency. president zelenskyy would leave the country and we would fight a war of attrition and the ukrainians find a war of

attrition supported by us against the russians. we are at six months and the united states are hurling toward hundred billion dollars. we have to you mindful of the fact that this tragedy demonstration went into this conflict with, was dead wrong. there was a report in cnn that the pentagon was working on developing a strategy. we are six months in. once it became clear that the you -- ukrainians would bravely fight for the company -- country, that the american people supported. i have done a lot of work with pollsters over the course of the war but the support hasn't wavered. the american people are for supporting ukrainians and they under -- understand that president clinton is not a friend so it is a huge

opportunity to hand him a defeat. i am not in the business of politically destabilizing russia. it is not my right of work, but making it very clear to him that we and our allies will not tolerate this kind of aggression. we don't need another land war in europe and he will be pushed back. that is a generational strategic victory for us. i would look for everything -- to get to that state so it is clear to him he will have to leave ukraine and that is where these economic sanctions are the most powerful tool of correction that the united states has while the potential to search energy as a positive tool to support energy -- allies in the region. host: the question is more hardware and weaponry -- that kind of thing to give the

ukraine an upper hand? guest: absolutely and the packages we have put together are effective. i am tereus why we weren't moving that material in march and april. the administration talks about not winning to escalate. putin put nuclear weapons on the table in the first week of war. that is excellent cory -- escalatory. he is shutting off europe from gas as winter is coming. we are not the ones who are escalating here and he does not seem to pay much attention to good examples. host: this is brent in michigan. caller: hello. i will like to ask your guest if there was any normal

procedure if she thinks that donald trump, considering his character, what have been allowed access -- would have been allowed access to classified materials. this is a man who has been required to pay millions of damages in defrauding students and charities. he has bright about groping -- he has bragged about groping women. he has paid off eight former playmate to keep them quiet. he loves dictators. as far as the fascist question, violent authoritarian nationalist -- those all describe the republican party and that is a description of passage of. neil -- neoclassicism --

neofascist label is right on. host: do you have a question? caller: my question is, does she believe under andi -- under any process, that the person is required to go to the government, if donald trump or anything other than president, that he would be allowed to -- access to classified documents? guest: having not seen the background checks, i would not be able to answer that. i was one of the most thoroughly investigate people in the government because when i moved to the department of energy, have to get -- you have to get -- i ran out of previous clearances. i have been for the process. it is a rigorous process. president trump became the president of the united states and he became a superuser of

intelligence products. host: independent line. caller: you are the ball -- involved in the department of energy and i keep hearing him saying that biden shut down the pipeline. it was the xl pipeline. it was only a percent completed -- 8% completed and it wasn't going to stay here. it was going to be shipped over. it was dirty water. why do you keep pushing this lie that biden shut down the xl pipeline? no other country want that, even canada didn't want it. guest: i don't think i have talked about xl at any point and keystone, which comes from canada, was canceled by the

president on day one. that was a mistake. keystone is only a small parts and keystone is almost a 20-year-old project. that is hardly going to be the magic ball to solve the woes but it is important and it is symbolic of what has been the approach of the administration. which has been to reduce energy production. xl, we can have an discussion about it but i would see there were -- their approach to muffling u.s. energy production as a huge mistake that makes us weaker. host: back to asia, nutrition, the recently approved arms sales to taiwan, was that a good move? guest: we had to do it. taiwan is critical to our security and the american people should understand that taiwan does not exist in a vacuum.

as china grass taiwan -- grabs taiwan, we will have the same situation with russia with the invasion of the georgia at the end of the george bush administration -- during the obama magician, there were no major repercussions. president putin invaded ukraine and if next year, china invades taiwan, it will be japan and korea. someone has its own importance. people are talking about the semi conductor industry. there are locations that are important for international trade. the arms sales were important and they should continue and we should hope our partners in the region -- japan and south korea witness that. host: how shall gauge those

reactions? guest: it was interesting to me because bipartisan delegation to congress go to taiwan all the time. we had a big group in april. senator cruz went in the fall of 2019. he was one of the first senior officials to be there. no one flipped. the president of china sent his weaknesses -- census weaknesses in washington. it wasn't out of the ordinary. i think the strong reaction has to do with the president of china testing biden. host: here is indiana, independent line. alan. caller: thank you for taking my

call and thank you for the washington journal c-span, greatest show ever. i would have a comment and question and thank you for taking your time to appear this morning. i had a comment about the energy and oil policy. i ran --iran. it was a bad idea, although it was his right, for donald trump to pull outs of the joint agreement or whatever that obama put up i ran over their weapons. i disagreed with him pulling out but he decided and i said that if his -- that his -- this is provocative but he was wrong with putting on sanctions when iran had violated anything. he tried to make them submissive

and i think he drove them farther away and i ran has a great deal of oil. i am under the assumption that they don't have the infrastructure or finances to get it out -- that would have been a big help to europe if we have been able to establish a better report --rapport with iran. we have sent a lot of problems to them but i thought donald trump did not have a plan and i think that was a missed opportunity. secondly. i want to ask this question. in 2020, when the price of gas was less than two dollars and things were shut down but i found out later that -- russia and opec where having a price war over oil and it drove down

the price of oil. what i read is that in april of 2020, donald trump brokered a deal between russia and opec to end that price war and two/oil production --to slash oil production. host: thank you for that. let's talk about the two points first with iran and the oil. guest: you brought exciting memories from the spring of 2020 when i was at the department of energy and i looked at the secretary and said, is always like this and she said it is never like this. for the iran question, -- physically with the people of iran -- vertically with the critically of iraq --

particularly with the people of iraq. the regime which started its dark tenure by taking on -- fixing americans hostage for over the year -- over a year. in 1979, it has not covered itself in glory. violent mayhem across the middle east from lebanon to syria to yemen and iraq. there is no dealing with these people and the basic problem i have with the jcpoa, implemented by the united nations security council, not pass into treaty by the united states congress, it was negotiated -- we know not that the -- we don't now that the iranians developed plans -- what they pledged was that they

had renounced that and they had no military damage into their nuclear program but we know that the israelis in a raid, recovered an archive of very secret and taps nuclear plants. they always planned to keep materials in that capability so we know it was a lie and they are lying now so that deal is not the -- worth the paper it is written on it and no one signed it. there is no validity to it. i am in favor of a longer deal that would curb iran's ability to produce nuclear weapons but that is not the way to do that. with regimes, you have to start with resources. in terms of the crisis at the spring of 2020, that was a wild

time because saudi arabia and russia had gotten into the edge of the pandemic, a major production and price war. created this perfect storm when the pandemic hit. demand went to zero in april 15 of 2020. prices went negative and president trump instructed my secretary to buy everything possible so there is a twofold strategy there. you support our people and we also have almost unlimited capacity to store in a strategic petroleum reserve. we have estimated that if we were able to buy the way the president wanted to during that period, we would have saved taxpayers $9 billion. we would have the federal

government to make people money. speaker pelosi refused to release the funding to the secretary. that is an important to we need to look at to get the secretary of energy more freedom to strategically buy, not just really supply. host: from parents in new jersey. -- pat in new jersey. caller: a few decades ago, we were going into the folly of globalization. that countries would -- trading with each other would not go to war and now you are not only seeing embargoes but you are seeing western nations -- making nuclear accidents and what are we supposed to do? the american people and the people are -- of europe will suffer and what is the point of

trading with companies that are -- countries that seek our demise? guest: there is a book out on this exact topic. what happens if globalization breaks down and you will have a series of really interesting ruptures. there has to be attacked russia between united states and china. we can't keep cold mingling our technologies when they steal it. for future banks we have is geographic and in terms of our natural resources and human capital, that all of these things, make up large -- we don't have to do that in isolation and we can retain very strong relationships with mexico and japan and europe. we can make a constructive role

in the developing world. we need to make sure that we are insulated from the kind of disruption we are seeing that we will see in industrial production and that we tend to sustain ourselves in the events that we need to. host: from james in new jersey. independent line. caller: one point real quick. [indiscernible] about the papers, [indiscernible] the national archives -- [indiscernible]

host: thank you. guest: i had trouble understanding that. host: the papers from the year and a half by the president and the ratcheting by the fbi. guest: what took them so long? that is an excellent question. if these work documents being traced, you could tell by the document should have been in the archives and they worked. if they were sensitive as the washington post is claiming, i have no answer to that because it seems like a conundrum but that is why we need more transparency. host: last caller, republican line. caller: good morning and i would

like to think you have guts coming on here because you know you will get attacked by socialist communists that call us maga and fascists but i wanted to know, this new world older -- order that everyone from the europeans and australians and everything and there was an anti-thing down there. you talk about solar panels and windmills but look about all the trees they are cutting down to put solar panels and all these ev vehicles, it takes cobalt. all of these things have to be mind and dug up --mined and dug up and the solar panel that makes these things up and dev valley -- costs $20,000 per vehicle.

if it is data, where does it go? landfills. mr. trump, you and mr. perry have done an excellent job and we need you back to save america. guest: thanks to the shout out to governor. . -- governor perry. you point out how we will have to be environmentally -- stewart's. the fact that we are importing solar panels from china and we are dependent on china for the components of ev batteries, that should be a red flag. we should look at the fact that the trump administration reduced we should look at how we use

natural gas for shipping which is largely diesel, belching fumes. you can reduce that by 30%. you don't have to build a new ship, you can convert those ships to natural gas. we should be taking the steps to lower emissions. we have to let go of the fantasy that china and russia will be responsible partners on climate. we cannot climate -- achieve our climate goals with them as partners. host: thank you for your time. that is it for the program today. another addition comes your way as some of the clock morning. -- 7:00 in the morning.

here's what is coming up alive today at c-span, president biden and dr. jill biden will host president biden for the unveiling of their official white house portraits. the un security council will meet to discuss the war in ukraine and ukrainians displaced from that event. it will also stream on your video app. high school students, it is your time to shine. you are invited to

participate. make a five to six minute video that shows the importance of your issue from opposing and agreeing positions. be bold, there are 100,000 in cash prizes. visit our website for competition rules, tips, resources. c-span is your unfiltered view of government. we are funded by these television companies and more including comcast. >> comcast is partnering with community centers to create wi-fi centers. so students can be ready for

anything. comcast supports c-span as a public service along with these television providers giving you a front row seat to democracy. >> candidates running for office in pennsylvania talk to voters about why they think they are better for the job. coming up we will talk to lieutenant government federman. lieutenant governor fetterman spoke at an event for steelworkers. lt. gov. fetterman: i want to start by thinking this steelworkers. local union 227 who organize this event, happy labor day. this is a great day to celebrate what working