>> this morning on washington journal, a discussion on the supreme court's ruling on affirmative action at harvard and university of north carolina with the center for equal opportunities devon westhill. jin hee lee of the naacp legal defense fund. this is part of a series looking at key 2022 and 2023 supreme court cases. then, francesca chambers analyzes president biden's reelection strategy. as always, we will cover the morning's biggest headlines and take your calls live. washington journal begins now. ♪ host: good morning on this tuesday, august 22. we are going to begin this first hour of the washington journal with your message to federal and

state lawmakers on immigration. here's how you can join the conversation. republicans dial in at (202) 748-8001. democrats (202) 748-8000. independents (202) 748-8002. text us, include your first name, city and state, to (202) 748-8003. join us on facebook.com/cspan and you can also post on x with the handle @cspanwj. this morning from roll call.com, here is the headline about what is happening on the border in texas. a judge to hear arguments over the texas buoy barrier on the rio grande. the justice department wants them removed and the latest clash with state officials over immigration and border security.

texas governor put up the barrier and last month, he was on a show and talked about the justice department's lawsuit. [video clip] >> it is being brought against a state that is trying to stop illegal immigration. the biden administration has not pursued one legal action to keep people from coming across the board illegally. this is a topsy-turvy alice in wonderland type of approach by the biden administration. we need a president of the united states that is going to enforce the laws of the united states to prevent illegal immigration. that means denying entry between ports of entry in the united states. 29 ports of entry, joe biden wants them to come across the border illegally between those ports of entry. host: apparently mexico's diplomat was saying it may violate the 1944, 1970 treaties

on boundaries in water, it impedes the flow of water. from everything i've seen with videos, it does not look like it is impeding the flow of water at all. this seems to be a week objection as well. >> it only impedes one thing, that is people who returned to across the board illegally. host: republican governor abbott last month talking about this lawsuit by the justice department to remove that barrier in the rio grande. that lawsuit heads to court today in texas. the judge will hear arguments then. the administration, the press secretary, the biden administration's press secretary last week defended the administration's stance, here's what she had to say. [video clip] >> governor abbott has an

opportunity to work with us on this, on an issue that certainly is an important one for the american people. when you think about the border, when you think about dealing with a broken system. what he continues to do is move forward in a dangerous and taking unlawful action. it is undermining what we are trying to do, with the president is trying to do. trying to deal with a broken system in a humane way, trying to do in a way that is effective and we have seen his border plan management be effective. it is unfortunate he continues to do this. it does not just put young migrants at risk, but it also puts at risk border patrol. who are trying to do their job. he gets in the way of that every day. host: the white house press secretary last week reacting to the governor of texas and the

barrier, it is now before a judge in texas. we are asking this morning for you to tell federal officials, the biden administration and congress in the building behind us as well as state lawmakers what you want to see them do on immigration. there are the phone numbers on your screen, you can also join us on facebook, on x and text. here is diane on facebook. stop using the issue as a political punching bag. find the problem, then solve the problem. if there needs to be more judges for asylum-seekers, get them. if law enforcement needs to be at the border to keep out known offenders, get law enforcement. being bullies does nothing for our image in the world. a republican in south carolina, what is your message?

caller: they have the right to come over here. melania trump came over here. they have the right like she had the right. host: here is j on facebook, go after the americans they give these people jobs when they are illegal. that will shut off the pipeline real quick. it is our own fault. don in california, independent. what is your message? caller: my message to the immigration people is enforce the law. these people come across here illegallarbreaking the law. they have no business in this

country. this idea that the taxpayer has toakcare of these people is ridiculous. years ago if you were an immigrant to this country and you were in danger of becoming -- charge the taxpayer, you are eligible for immediate deportation. pick them up, pack them up, get them out of here and build the wall. thank you. host: orange park, florida, democratic caller. it is your turn. caller: good morning. what we need to do is allow some of these people to come in. i know everybody cannot come in. when we say pick them up, throw away the key, send them back,

this country was built off of immigrants. we need immigrants to do jobs that america will not do. everybody is trying to be hateful. people are trying to live a good life and a lot of us complain for no reason. we can get along. host: what did you think of your governor's decision to bus some of the immigrants across the country? caller: i think it is a despicable act. he was not taking care of florida. he went to texas to bring of immigrants to send them to massachusetts just so he could have a talking point. he is just as despicable as everyone of them.

despicable, that is what a lot of these people are that hate immigrants for no reason. what if it was you? what would you think about doing for your family? host: orange park, florida. as he talked about -- the headlines and news coverage of texas governor and florida governor bussing migrants from texas across the country. states like new york have seen -- new york city in particular has seen an influx of migrants coming into the city, seeking refuge, shelter, etc.. the impact of that is large as the new york city mayor noted earlier this month. he was talking about federal resources he needs in his city

to deal with the migrants being sent there. here's what he had to say. [video clip] >> we are facing an unprecedented state of emergency. the immigration system in this nation is broken. it has been broken for decades. today, new york city has been left to pick up the pieces. since last year, nearly 100,000 asylum-seekers have arrived in our city, asking for shelter. let me repeat. almost 100,000 men, women, and children have asked for a place to stay. that is almost the population of albany, new york. for more than a year, thousands of people across this administration in more than 108 -- 100 community-based organizations have worked tirelessly to make sure that every person who has arrived here gets the opportunity to

build their new york city dream. they do not have the authorization to work, so we have to provide shelter. we have supplied food and access to health care. we have enrolled children in schools. we have opened almost 200 emergency sites, including more than a dozen large-scale humanitarian relief centers. we have assisted migrants with asylum applications. but we are pastor breaking point. new yorker compassion may be limitless, but resources are not. our partners at the state and federal levels know this. we continue to face impossible decisions about allocating our resources. that means a lose lose firm worst -- a lose lose for our most vulnerable new yorkers. host: eric adams recently about

the resources he needs because of the migrant influx. new york times headline, mayor adams says migrant influx will cost the city $12 billion. massachusetts democratic governor earlier this month the clarity state of emergency over skyrocketing migrant arrivals and shelter demand. listen to the governor. [video clip] >> close to 5600 families with children are living in state-funded hotels, dorms and other facilities across massachusetts. that figure is 80% higher than it was just one year ago. it represents more than 20,000 people, growing every day. these families include newborns, very young children and expecting mothers. it is more families than our

state has ever served, exponentially more than our state has overserved in our emergency assistance program. the numbers are being driven by a surge of new arrivals in our country, who have been through some of the hardest journeys imaginable. they are the face of the international migrant crisis. they are here because where they came from is too dangerous to stay. they are here because massachusetts has and will always be a beacon of hope, compassion, humanity and opportunity. they are here, because like any of us, they would do anything, endure any hardship to protect and support the people they love, especially their children. massachusetts has met these families with compassion and resourcefulness. state, nonprofit, community

partners have been working around the clock for months, standing up thousands of new shelter units, family welcome centers, new shelter sites in cape cod, where we recently activated 50 national guard members, as well as eastern nazarene college and dozens of hotels. we created a new legal services program for immigrants, the first of its kind in the united states. we are going to keep doing everything we can to help families in need. we remain unwavering in our commitment to being a state and people of compassion, safety, opportunity and respect. the increased level of demand is not slowing down. host: massachusetts democratic governor, the headline about what she had to say is she is a slamming the biden administration over immigration

policies, calling it a federal crisis of inaction. other democratic governors from illinois, new york and california have asked for additional assistance from the federal government. democratic mayors have criticized the biden administration over immigration with the new york city mayor blaming the white house for the problem last week. in a letter to the homeland security secretary, the massachusetts democratic governor said states needed urgent federal action to meet this moment and continue to serve some of our most vulnerable families. cheryl thomas on facebook says do your job, pass immigration reform. let's secure our border. that is her message to federal and state lawmakers on immigration. what is yours? arizona, republican. before you tell us your message to lawmakers, what is it like where you live? caller: good morning.

first off, we are a small community. we are overwhelmed with all of the illegals coming over. i want to make this perfectly clear. i am for legal immigration. i have empathy for these people. but it is really bad, and the drugs coming over here, every day open our newspaper and border security is making bust after drug bust. another thing, what is coming out of the white house is nothing but baloney. they are the ones that created this problem and now they know they are coming into an election season, the people know they are the party of lawlessness. they do not care.

it is really bad down here. in triple digit weather down here, we caught the back end of hillary. is that humane for these people? they are dying out in the desert, border patrol has to pick up the bodies all the time. i think this is the correct number, 1.5 million do not want to be caught. i do not think they are necessarily here to do good for us. host: he mentioned the politics of this. the new york times wrote a piece back in may when the administration was coming close to ending title 42. this is just the snapshot back in may. broader dissatisfaction with the president's handling of immigration in a poll earlier

this year, just 28% of americans approved of mr. biden's handling of the southern border. 66% of white voters without a college degree said the white house was not tough enough on unlawful immigration. the majority of hispanic voters also said the president was not tough enough. daniel in new jersey, independent. good morning. go ahead. caller: so, when i think about the crisis with immigration -- i heard the call from arizona. i am sure it is really bad there. we get it here in new jersey, too. it is weird, because part of me thinks we need to be regulating the border and securing the border. but i understand -- one of my

jobs, we hire illegals. i know there are definitely other jobs within the state that use illegals, particularly in landscaping. i remember pelosi made somewhat of a controversial statement. about ron desantis bussing out migrants, who is going to be picking the fruit? republicans are quick to say that is a racist statement. but to be honest with you, i do not think she is entirely wrong. there are certain jobs here that americans are not willing to do. i hate to say it. illegal immigration is the only way to help with these jobs. what else are you going to do? host: should there be a pathway to citizenship for those people willing to do those jobs? caller: that is a bit of a tricky question. i would say that would probably

be ideal. if they are doing essential jobs that we need, someone in this country has to do it. i think it would lead to better working conditions for them and it would just be a huge improvement on their lives. in terms of my message to congress members and senate, stop bickering over this and get something done. i know every other caller has said virtually the same thing. but i think they just need to put some legislation out and get it signed. host: ronald on facebook says there is a right way and a wrong way. the united states needs to put major pressure on these countries. take everything away from rich leaders of these countries and they will take care of their own. the problem is the rich make too much money off of them. robin in new york, democratic caller.

that is you. caller: sorry. first off, i hate the term illegals for these people. no human is illegal. they are seeking asylum from a terrible situation. that irritates me more than anything, especially when i hear from people around me in this area, they say it and they say i am a liberal person or a lean to the left. nobody is illegal. you know who was illegal 500 years ago? our white ancestors. that irritates me. host: the washington post from august 18, u.s. border officials see more migrant families crossing illegally. the number of migrant families apprehended at the u.s. southern border nearly doubled from june to july, marking the highest

monthly tally of parents and children to the end of last year. over 60,000 of migrants taken into custody after crossing the border illegally last month or parents and children. families accounted for nearly half of the total apprehended in july. worried officials who have rolled up policies in recent weeks designed to reduce illegal crossings, smugglers have been telegraphing to migrants in guatemala and other countries it is easier for adults traveling with children to be released in the united states if they cross the border illegally seeking protection. virginia, republican. it is your turn. caller: good morning. this is a bunch of bullcrap.

we have the vice president's grown son living in the white house at the taxpayers expense, no one elected into anything. now we are expected to support 10 million illegal immigrants? they are not coming here to work, they are coming here to sponge off of american taxpayers. we have programs for people to come here to work. from the south to the north, picking the fruit and vegetables. host: is it conceivable there are other jobs than picking crops that they are getting from companies in this country? caller: that is the problem, it is illegal to hire these people. they are breaking the law just like the immigrants are. host: is that part of your message? caller: yes.

we have a lot of it says you cannot hire them. host: west virginia, independent. caller: right. can you hear me? host: yes, good morning. caller: there is a law somewhere -- i am blind, i cannot see anything. but there is a law somewhere, because i remember someone reading it out loud on the tv that says anybody that steps one foot on u.s. territory without being invited or illegally entering the country, they are to be taken back to the country where they came from. i cannot remember all of it. obviously we have invited a bunch of them. host: there are also laws for those seeking asylum, they can

claim they are seeking political refuge. caller: claim that in their country, they do not come to our country and claimant. they claim that in their country, they go to one of our embassies or whatever and apply to come to this country. but they do not want to wait, they want to come in right now. host: more of your calls on your message to federal and state lawmakers on immigration throughout this first hour of washington journal. i want to share some other national headlines with you this morning. the former president leading his republican challengers in iowa by 23 points. the first primary republican debate taking place tomorrow night. the former president has said he will not be participating in that debate. when he posted on social media,

he said plural debates, so he is signaling he will not be taking part in at least more than one of those presidential debates. there is also this headline below his lead in iowa in the wall street journal. georgia surrender 200,000 bond was set. the former president said he would surrender in atlanta on thursday in the criminal election interference case against him after bond for the former president was set at $200,000. that is in the wall street journal. also this in the washington times on that story. the bond requires the former president to stay silent. the order says mr. trump cannot make any direct or indirect threat of any nature against witnesses or codefendants. he is prohibited from communicating in any way about

the facts of the case with any codefendant or witness except attorneys. the washington times that this morning. there is also this headline in the washington post this morning about congress, they are still in august recess. the house freedom caucus will not back a funding bill without some changes. the hard right house freedom caucus announced monday that members will not support a bill to keep the government running past the end of next month unless several of conservative policy priorities on immigration and other issues are attached. it marks a potential setback for the speaker, who has floated the possibility of passing a bill to avoid a government shutdown amid a looming budget deadline. the house freedom caucus could mean that mr. maccarthy will have to rely on democrats to

pass such a measure in that closely divided chamber. more on that when congress returns next month. eugene in las vegas, democratic caller. we are talking about immigration, what is your message to federal and state lawmakers? caller: thank you for taking my call. i think it is outrageous. we have how many homeless people already? now you are going to bring all these people over here and take care of them? i think we need to take care of ourselves. take care of the american people first, then take care of everyone else. host: massachusetts, republican. caller: good morning. it is hard to say what we want to say to our government. clearly, they are incapable of

fixing or taking care of anything. i had to stop talking to parents that less kids to fentanyl to call you because i am so outraged. i am one of those parents. we lost our son in 2020. you cannot tell me fentanyl coming over the border did not have something to do with his death. when i say we cannot fix anything -- i live in massachusetts. i listen to her governor claim we are in a state of emergency over immigration, when we are actually a sanctuary state. i do not understand why she would blame -- i do not understand why she would claim we are in a state of emergency. why is it ok for texas and arizona and florida to have all people that are committing illegal acts walk into our

country, no job? we should put these people to work because this is crazy. they are in our city, taking housing. i live on cape cod, i've lived here since 1980. my husband and i worked three and four jobs altogether in order to create a life here. right now, the average home on cape cod is $638,000. how are we going to help a family from another country be successful here on cape cod? they were turned away from martha's vineyard. half of your callers are outraged over this. i find it a joke. let's talk about the average home on martha's vineyard. $1.35 million. nobody could help 80 illegal

families that got sent from florida to one of the most beautiful places on earth? they were there in the fall. there was more housing, i think 80% of homes on martha's vineyard sit empty all winter. not that they don't have a very hard-working winter population. we have gone from fentanyl to illegals, how about our foster care system? why don't we help our families that are suffering from the fact parents are doing fentanyl and now grandparents have to raise the children? host: marine talking about migrants who have been best from florida and texas up to states like massachusetts. look at numbers from the texas governor's office.

as of the 18th of august, 11,000 plus sent to washington, d.c., 12,000 new york city, the chicago area, around 5600. in philadelphia, more than 2300. denver, a little over 700. los angeles, little over 300. in kentucky, independent. we are listening, good morning. caller: thank you for accepting my call. i want to echo on what the massachusetts governor just spoke about. i think our foreign policy, especially when you look at guatemala -- when we talk about immigration, we need to talk about what the united states has caused to happen in these countries. these people are not running to this country, they are running from the violence in their own country. what would make me wa to hold

by and walk across and do that, come to another country? they are running to increase opportunities for their own lives and a lot of that is because the united states has been involved in a lot of countries and we battle in their affairs and it causes extra violence. every time you hear the word sanctions, sanctions effect the citizens of a country. they did not affect the leaders of a country, they affect the people living every day that have jobs. we need to focus on the violence in that country. if we stop that, these people would stay home. host: stan in south dakota, democratic caller. good morning. caller: good morning. a lot of these republicans act like these immigrants have been

coming across the southern border only since biden became president. they've been doing this under republican presidents, too. 2003, i was up in minnesota. illegal immigrants would come across the southern border and they would deport them like trump wants to do to every single person. he wants to do for everyone who is not a white person like him. they deport them, then two weeks later, the illegal immigrant will be right back up in minneapolis. really, that far north from the border, two weeks later after they got deported by the republican president at the time, george w. bush. they will be right back up two weeks later, all the time, all year long. host: this problem has stretched across many administrations. what is your message to federal and state lawmakers on immigration? what do you want them to do?

bipartisan legislation in congress to address those migrants who are here illegally? a pathway to citizenship? awol? -- a wall? what do you want these lawmakers to do? republicans (202) 748-8001. democrats (202) 748-8000. independents (202) 748-8002. you can text us, include your first name, city and state to (202) 748-8003. democratic congressman defended the president, his administrations border strategy at a hearing last month with the homeland security secretary. here is what he had to say. [video clip] >> border crossings declined to the lowest level in over two years. an article last week stated approximately 99,000 individuals

were apprehended last month. the first time the figure drop below 100,000 in more than two years. that is largely correct, right? >> i believe so. >> based on the fact that he testified to, under trump, 130 3000 border apprehensions in may 2019. last month, less than 100,000 order apprehensions. the southern border is doing better last month and it was under trump in may 2019. thank you for your public service. now the republicans want to impeach you? good luck with that one. i yelled back. -- yield back. host: here is jim jordan taking the secretary to task for not having readily available information of the number of

migrants expelled from the united states. [video clip] >> what is that number? out of those who have come into the country, been released into the country, how many have been removed? >> i would be pleased to provide you with that. >> can you give an estimate? >> i will not -- >> why will you not given estimate? that frames it, here is what has come in, here is what you have allowed in since joe biden has been president and here are the ones who have been removed. >> i would say two things. number one, i will provide that data to you, we will do so. >> he said the other times and you do not give us the data. we ask information about the disinformation governance board and all we get our redacted documents. it is a question we ask you to be prepared for, we wrote you two letters in the last several weeks to be prepared to answer

that kind of question. i think that specific question and you will not give us an answer. the fact that you will not is bad and the fact you do not know is just as bad. it is the one question the country would like to know. when you say pathways and things, border secure, we like to know what has happened with the two point million people who have been released into the country since joe biden has been president. simple question. >> we will provide the data to you. >> i hope you do it this time. >> we have been cooperating with the committee, we have made countless documents and people available to you. we provided briefings. >> i will let you finish with your third point, here's what the documents look like. here's the one you sent, policy and responsibilities in the departments information

manipulation mission, that sounds scary enough. it is all redacted. this is the kind of stuff you gave us when we were trying to figure out who was responsible for putting together the disinformation governance board. now we are asking a simple question about a number and the fact you will not give its to us or do not know it is a concern for all of us. both sides. democrats probably want to know, too. host: jim jordan of ohio questioning the homeland security secretary at a hearing last month. if you want to hear more from the secretary and lawmakers, you can go to our website and watch it. anthony in chicago, republican. what is your message to lawmakers? caller: good morning. my messages immigration laws are made by our government for immigrants to obey.

they are not obeying our immigration laws, therefore they are illegal. we have our own people to take care of. this is all by design by this administration. the american people deserve a better government than what we have now. host: janine in texas, independent. tell us what it is like where you live and your message to lawmakers. caller: good morning. it is very nice where i live. they are not illegal, they are human beings. we caused this. the january 6 stuff, other nations down south in nicaragua,

they got destroyed in the 80's then came here because they are trying to escape bad stuff. america is the number one country in the world. why aren't we inviting these people in? before we got here, there were no borders. it was a cotton with people living on it. but we decided to draw borders because we were greedy. loosen up the borders. people are coming here because they want to be saved, they are coming here because we caused a problem in their nation and they have nowhere else to go. if we did not want people to come up here, we should not have been poking around down there. host: staten island, democratic caller. caller: if i was to go down to the border and i transported 20

people up to new york in my own vehicle, wouldn't that be a form of illegal transportation of illegal people coming to new york? the attorney general of new york needs to look into this illegal transportation from texas of having all these people come to new york. host: knoxville, tennessee, republican. what is your message? caller: this message -- it starts at the top. you can pull up a youtube video. type in the search bar joe biden, unrelenting stream of immigration, nonstop. the wave continues. it is going to be nonstop, nor should we wanted to stop. it is one of the things we can be most proud of.

unrelenting stream of immigration. nonstop. he continues, folks like me who are caucasian, european dissent will be for the first time in 2017 will be in an absolute minority in the united states of america. absolute minority. fewer than 50% of people in america from then on will be white europeans. folks that look like me -- that is not a bad thing, that is a good thing. it is a source of our strength area host: massachusetts, independent. caller: i am finding it funny people want to call not illegal aliens, but they are willing to call all republicans maga extremists. as an independent, i find that disgusting. i'm curious white joe biden is selling off border supplies when

congress is voting to start building the wall. for everybody saying they are human beings, we are human beings, too. we cannot go to other countries without having a passport. we will get arrested. especially if you bring illegal drugs or send our children alone, we get arrested for child neglect. i do not know why democrats are treating voters like they are ignorant or stupid. the disparity in the treatment of law enforcement -- we would get arrested if we tried to leave the country without a passport and go into another country or sent our children alone. why is everything so different? we are all human beings, but they do not have a right to come to a country, bring fentanyl and kill our people with it. maybe we wouldn't need to so many workers if we did not murder so many babies since abortion came in in 1973.

everybody is mad about the disparity of african-americans in jail, but not worried in the disparity about african-americans that get abortions? that is strange. host: tony is a democratic caller in connecticut. caller: good morning. what a conversation today. as a democrat, i was so proud of aoc a couple of years ago. she was down at the border, pointing out the dead babies floating in the river. now there are so many more in so much more stuff going on. the silence is deafening. what are these republicans and everybody screaming about? mayorkas was calm. i have seen him testifying. he said there is no problem at the border. these people have got to get

over this stuff. home depot has a ton every day if you need workers, there they are. you can help them out. what is the problem? if florida and texas can take over these illegal immigrants, what is the problem with new york? we are sanctuary states, we said we would take them. i do not understand the problem here. host: more of your calls coming up. first, some headlines in the newspapers about the situation in maui. usa today, the fire is one of the deadliest in u.s. history, 114 lives lost. it is second only to a 1918 wildfire in minnesota, the deadliest in the united states since the 1900s. even among those in the world history since the 1900s on a

list published, the fire in maui stands fifth. there is also this headline from the front page of the washington post. 850 people are still missing after the wildfires. authorities expect the fatality number will increase. yesterday, president biden along with the first lady on your screen, they visited the devastation. they spent six hours with residents and first responders, getting a briefing on the devastation, federal resources that are needed. here is the president's remarks yesterday. [video clip] >> we will be respectful of sacred grounds and traditions and rebuild the way the people of now we want to build, not the way others want to build.

it is going to be hard. deadliest wildfire in over a century, jill and i walked what was left of front street. we surveyed the damage. the devastation is overwhelming. to date, 114 dead, hundreds unaccounted for. i remember when i got the call, my first wife and daughter, i was a young senator. i was hiring stefan the capitol. i got a phone call from the fire department with a young first responder kind of panicking, you've got to come home, there has been an accident. he said your wife, she is dead, come home. the tractor-trailer had broadsided her and killed her in a car accident, along with my daughter. i remember all the way down from

washington home, wondering what a lot of people here are wondering. what about my boys, how are they? they were in the car, will they be all right? had they made it? i walked into the emergency room and i saw that they were there. the difference between knowing somebody is gone and worrying whether they are available to come back are two different things. i remember one of the people who helped me the most, he helped bring me back. i know the feeling many in this town, this community. the hollow feeling you have in your chest like you were being sucked into a black hole. it is one thing to know, it is another to have to wait to wonder whether your family member will be ok. imagine being a parent wondering where your child is.

press reports, grandfathers crying for lost neighbors while trying to be strong for the ones who survived. a woman distributing clothing to survivors who said she did not lose her home, but she lost her hometown. the country grieves with you, stands with you and will do everything possible to help you recover, rebuild and respect culture and traditions when rebuilding takes place. host: president biden yesterday in maui with the first lady and other state and federal officials, touring the devastation. in other news this morning, i want to show the front page story of the wall street journal. growing trade with china aids russia's war efforts. china has become the principal source of many goods and components russia's sanction hit economy needs will giving moscow a buyer for oil and gas.

the growing economic relationship is a central piece of efforts to unite against with their leaders describe as western efforts to contain them. inside the newspaper is this story. uae cashes in on moscow's woes. banks in the uae are approaching talent from moscow to manage russian money. they are moving more russian oil and gold then ever before and russian buyers often dealing in cash. the warning tides have disturbed the closest security partner, the u.s. russian money has become too important to the economy to turn down. those stories in today's wall street journal, if you're interested. finally from usa today, former president jimmy carter's grandson is quoted in people magazine, saying we are in the

final chapter. josh carter told people magazine that family and caregivers are always there to keep them company. the carter center announced earlier this year the former president care. in may, the family revealed the former first lady was diagnosed with dementia. back to our conversation with all of you, your message to federal and state lawmakers on immigration. boston, republican. let us hear from you. caller: good morning. i really am honored to be able to speak on this topic. it really affects me. i am a u.s. descendant, black citizen. who descends from the people who were enslaved in the united states. what people do not regard and immigration, what they have to

understand is descendants like me, 40 million of us strong, are not immigrants. the united states did not exist until it was built with the labor of my ancestors. what really irks me about the immigration issue -- it is just like what irks me about democrats and republicans. black people and abraham lincoln were republican. after the civil war was won by the republicans against the democrats, who wanted a black slaving empire to expand to the western usa and all of mexico, after they lost, what happened is they created birthright citizenship. in the united states, it was always about the black race. what they did, the white men of

the day created a hedge against progress called birthright citizenship. in 1964, lbj took the republican party away from black citizens and made both sides of the u.s. political system democrat. host: how does that tie into immigration in your message to federal and state lawmakers? caller: all of the pretextual attacks on u.s. descendant black citizens. they gave latinos, the second most popular racial demographic in the united states, and they did it purposefully to stop black people. they are working with whites just like the asians with zero

compassion for the people who built the nation and are at the lowest rung of the socioeconomic ladder because of systemic pretext. the sanctuary cities so-called immigration is another one of those pretext. it is an attack -- host: james in ohio, independent. caller: you know, i kind of agree with the last guy that just talked. we as a country, for many years, have never had immigration policy. i watch our politicians -- we were just looking at jim jordan, who is an embarrassment to ohio, speaking -- host: homeland security secretary. caller: yeah. he would not give him a chance

to talk, and this happens all the time from the republican side. they ask a question and talk over the person that is supposed to give you an answer, so we never get their answer. then we hear after the fact, the guy would not give us an answer. you did not give him a chance to give you an to anything. it is embarrassing that we hire these people to come in and give us immigration policy and they refused to do so. they complained about the person who was supposed to get the job done. we need immigration policy. until the republican party wants immigration policy, we will not have one. every time an immigration situation is put before congress , the republican party blocks it. they do not allow it to get to the floor. so we never talk about immigration. that is the problem right now, the republican party.

host: over the years, there have been several bipartisan groups who have tried to come together with some sort of an agreement between both sides on so-called comprehensive immigration reform. caller: that is true. everyone of them, if you look back, everyone of them was turned down because the extreme section of the republican party, they always have a problem. i believe if jesus put immigration policy up, they would block that. host: jamie from north carolina, texting something must be done to improve the process of coming here legally. i fought for four years and paid thousands of dollars, about 8000, to bring my husband here from peru. people seeking asylum do not have this kind of money. if they want them to come

legally, they need to make it easier to do so. patrick in pittsburgh, democratic caller. caller: good morning. i am an intellectual property specialist, semi retired. the disinformation being spouted on the show is stunning and you're giving airtime to people who say things that make no sense. host: like what? caller: the immigration issue. i am a technological expert. when i look at the u.s. government, which is well aware of the fact we are entering an era of artificial intelligence in advanced robotics, there is not going to be any jobs for these illegal immigrants whatsoever. artificial intelligence is going to replace over 30% of the u.s. job force in less than five years. yet every media outlet

intentionally does not talk about the realities. you are going to have tens of millions of people who are going to be added to the homeless list. why on earth is this news organization allowing this absolute insanity to take place? as far as immigration issue with republicans, look at the difference. i am a democrat. donald trump did a magnificent job in managing the issue when it came to illegal immigration. they are literally selling the wall. you want to talk about insanity? the biden administration is selling the border wall. like he sold our oil reserves, preferred oil reserves, which are super -- technologically completely different than regular oil. host: we will go to jack next in missouri, republican.

caller: good morning. caller: if you or i or any of the other people that listen to the show or average people or any politicians or millionaires, if we come home and there is another family in our home, that man is in the living room with his feet on the coffee table with -- watching your tv and the kids are playing with the toys and his spouse is in the kitchen cooking your food, you would lose your mind. you would say that is illegal. i am calling the cops. yet, we don't care about the borders of the big house. america is our home. each state is an individual room of that home.

the second point i will make is that life seems to imitate art and a lot of people say movies in hollywood are heart -- heart --art. olympus has fallen. host: we will take a break. later on in the washington journal, we will dig into president biden's reelection strategy with usa today correspondent francesca chambers . tonight's focus is the high court decision to strike down affirmative action programs at the university of north carolina in harvard. we will talk about the impact of that decision with devon westhill with the center for equal opportunity and jin hee

lee with the naacp legal defense fund. [video clip] >> we will hear arguments this morning. >> racial clasfications are wrong. that princle was enshrined in our lawt great cost following the cil war. this court's land mark discussion -- decision rejecting the view that racial classifications have any role to play in providg educational oppounities. the course has broadly -- whatever factors the government may use in deciding which jurors to sit, you -- who you may marry, but what private schools you want to attend, send color

is not part of that. his view that his -- justify racial classifications, contradiction be 14th amendment 's guarantee of equal treatnt. the purported limits are empty and self-contradictory and tha is why ufc ignores them. there is no evidence that after two decades, it has reduced the role of race on campus. no one is relyg on rudder. and made clear that race-based admissions -- that would actual leave them to end their racial preferences.

racial classifications are wrong in this course should overrule the case >> mr. strawbridge, the spondent argued that if you don't consid race, you won't be able to consider the whole person and the admissions process. how doou respond to that? >> thicourt has always said that racial classifications are necessary and invidious -- are necessary -- necessarily invidious. just considering re and racial alone is not consistent with the constution and other holisti approaches the court takes. one think you -- the race, in awarng child custody, the most

holistic losses knn to law is the best intert for the child -- >> we are talking about an application to university. if you don't include race, i assume that respondent think that by incling grades, it tells you something about person. if you don't include that, what did you include on the application? >> you include their experiences, where they grew up and you might include their socioeconomic status. you include this that lead to broader diversity of you point and the assption that rates necessarily inform something out anyone's qualifications is antithetical to this court are sparse presidents and to the constitution to -- to this court's president --precedence and to tonstitution.

>> do you want to cut back -- [no audio] ♪ >> sunday night on q&a, in her book generations, a psychology professor talks about the difference between the sixth generation living in the u.s., and others. she argues that technological advances changes generations more than anything else and how that impacts the future. >> more polarization between

democrats and republicans on various issues especially around race and i think it is good to know what is -- does this look like overtime, not just with a pole over time where we can't see what has changed but looking at it across decades. >> jean twenge and her book generations sunday night on q&a. ♪ host: in primetime t week on c-span, oral arguments fe big supreme court cases this tonight --term. joining us to discuss the

decisions are devon westhill from the center for equal opportunity and jin hee lee from the naacp legal defense fund about the impacts and the decision and the key legal issues at play. i will have over you answer this question, what did you think about the validity of the students on the supreme court's decision. guest: for decades, we have had a situation in america where individuals are being discriminated against because of their race and that is something we cannot tolerate under our constitution or under the civil rights laws of this country and that has been vindicated in june by the supreme court. the 14th amendment's core purpose is to eliminate distinctions based on race and that is what harvard and the university of carolina redoing for decades and the validity is

-- stands by the supreme court. >> have to disagree, the two district courts after a substantive bench trial as well as the forced -- first court of appeals released exhaustive -- the supreme court upended 45 years of president. --precedent. this is not a situation where students are admitted because of their race, it is not a situation where phrase is a dominate factor in the omissions process -- admissions process. it is recognizing that their experience of race may have

bearing to that qualifications as well as they can -- what they can contribute to the diversity of the body. host: what was the evidence that race was a factor? guest: we have looked at over 80 schools and how they use race to determine who they admit to their colleges in. between test scores and grades and what we have determined is they -- there are different vendors for certain people based on the race are based on their and at the city -- their ethnicity. asian americans have hugely different and higher standards for admission to highly selective colleges like harvard and university of california -- carolina and at every stage, the supreme court suggested race was

being taken into account to lower the amount of asian and white americans admitted who otherwise have the criteria to be admitted. host: what should the criteria be? guest: criteria should be mirrored. it should be more than gpa. and means that something -- students have something else that they will bring to campus and this is something that the supreme court suggested would be perfectly fine to consider after the decision based on essays. is there something about a student that ties into their race or ties into their ethnicity that shows that they have grit or something more that they --

caller: -- guest: be affirmative action cases our country to our understanding of the protection clause but they talked about

merit. when we talk about merit, looking at test scores and gps, often times -- gpas, often times, they are considered merit. often times, test scores and gpa are determined by resources. we live in a society that has a more racially segregated school system today than we did 30 years ago and what we have is incredibly inequitable system and considering race as one of many factors. part -- universities can look at a student at's high school, -- a student's high school, their parent's education, why can't they consider race as one of the many factors and that is what

the supreme court has been holding for 45 years, the new composition of the court had a disagreement on how supreme court precedent -- has been going for many years. host: i want you to respond what justice sotomayor said in the dissent. the court submits a superficial constitutional principle in an endemically -- the court subverts the constitutional guarantee of equal protection by further entrenching racial inequality and education, the very foundation of our democratic government and pluralistic society. guest: schools can no longer use race and it considering who they will admit to the campuses and

universities is what justice -- justice sotomayor for justin there -- sotomayor suggested there. what is wrong with that? there are plenty of problems in the united states, plenty of problems that follow along race lines like disparities and educational achievements but they will not be solved by positive discrimination which is what individuals who believe affirmative action is going to solve those problems is. there is no such thing as good discrimination and justice sotomayor and her suggestion that we cannot use race anymore is perfectly fine. host: we won our viewers to join us. republicans, (202) 748-8001.

democrats, (202) 748-8000. and independents (202) 748-8002. college students and educators, we have outlined for you this morning. (202) 748-8003. that is also our texting line for all of you. if you prefer to send a text, do so at (202) 748-8003. include your first name, city and state. a question to the both of you, how has your organization and schools responded to this decision. guest: we have been representing 25 student and alumni organizations at harvard since at that trial at the trial level . we have been in constant communications with the client and i can tell you there is tremendous disappointment about this decision and the difficulties it will bring in fostering a diverse student

body. diversity is a key component of the educational experience at harvard and one of the reasons why make people want to go to universities like harvard. our client having given -- clients haven't given up. they are ready to hold their university accountable to ensure they can continue to try to -- through other means to ensure equitable access to admissions at harvard. host: does your group have any concerns with what you have heard or seen from colleges and universities? guest: we have a concern that colleges and universities would use this decision as an excuse to no longer try to create rater equity when it comes to admissions to their school.

he saw many universities and colleges reaffirmed their commitment to educational equity and we applaud that and to the extent that colleges and universities shy array -- away from their responsibilities at the -- responsibilities, our organizations will ensure that we put pressure on them. all students deserve access to these important resources and it would be eight shame for this decision to cause a setback in terms of educational equity. host: your group reaction and what you are seeing from university and options. guest: we agreed that everyone should have equal access and the problem with affirmative action is that not everyone had equal access. some people had to score higher test scores just because of their race. we want to make sure that schools are being held accountable to what the supreme court has said that is what --

that you cannot racially -- we have seen some efforts so far from schools that i think go into the wrong direction, targeted recruitment is problematic to try to boost racial diversity on the campuses. essays and other methods such as video interviews that are trying to get at whether or not someone has the right skin tone is problematic and i think we will see lawsuits go through the court to try to determine where the line is on these ration -- race neutral means to get racial diversity which are just discriminatory methods but other schools, the university of carolina, have done a good job at indicating, look, we spent $36 million in years to litigate

this case and we thought we were on the right side of things and we weren't and we have to be humble and understanding that we are doing wrong. the university of carolina said we are not using race anymore and we are making that clear to our admissions folks. that is a positive development and something i like. host: what is targeted recruitment? guest: is the idea that schools should be going into committees and at schools to have a high concentration for the racial and ethnic makeup that they want on their campus and try to get individuals in the pipeline of the schools. that is problematic in many respects, not least of which is title six which means -- says you cannot discriminate -- discriminate on the basis of race if you want to receive federal funding.

this is earlier in a better admissions pipeline -- in the admissions pipeline. guest: i think the fundamental difference that we have is whether or not the current system is fair and i think the facts show that the system is not there. -- fair. when we talk about recruitment, colleges and universities should go out and -- into the communities to recruit students who would not otherwise think of themselves as someone who can go to that particular college or university. that has nothing to do with their qualifications and especially black students and latinx students are less likely to apply to those universities, not because they do not qualify but they don't see themselves -- that this university is not welcoming to people like them. even chief justice roberts recognize that.

we are talking about the consideration of race but even the justice said that students should be able to talk about their experience with race and about how they have overcome their disadvantage -- some of the disadvantages about race and perhaps some positive quality of race has happened in their lives and recognizing that could be a important component about -- to say that discrimination is recognizing someone's race is a far field from the equal -- but the equal protection clause was meant to be. we should recognize and celebrate the great diversity of -- the country has. host: the supreme court ruled in two major affirmative action cases. that is our discussion here this morning. in the second hour of the

washington journal and that overall argument will air tonight on c-span. all week, c-span is taking a look at major cases that the supreme court decided this past term. caller: good morning and thank you for taking my call. i was talking about equal opportunity, equity and access, equal access to education. i would like to, for the panel to address this question. but say you have a poll -- let's say you have a pool of 10 students of asian-american background and you have one student who is a black dissent and you have one student who is either latino or asian.

i would like the panel to explain to me, what you are saying the percentage is in terms of opportunity for the african-american person who is very well-qualified to get into this college when they only have one space available. host: let's take that example. guest: i think that evidence and studies have shown there is incredible and equity in the educational system along racial mind. our country is incredibly segregated and that reflects resources that public schools and k-12 schools have but more importantly is the biases against black students in terms of their intelligence, the assumptions about their intelligence or their ability. we had clients in the harvard case, black students who were

quite affluent still had to to fight to verneuil to get to the talented program even though they were qualified because of these stereotypes that persist about their qualifications and ability. host: let's take the example. guest: one of the thing i'd like from the decision from the cream -- supreme court, we will remove what has been papered over which is problems in the pipeline in k-12 education. you need to put more resources in the pipeline to make individuals more competitive. what is the point of affirmative action? it is to give a preference to individuals who are otherwise uncompetitive at the admissions states -- stage. we need to make sure those children coming through the k-12 thanks to become more -- states

to become more competitive. there are other problems as well and i am hopeful that we can address those. host: gary is next, newport, kentucky, republican. caller: doesn't putting race on your college application actually affect the other students? in other words saying consider me first? host: who is your question directed to? caller: the young lady. host: thank you. guest: i think that whether are not a person indicate their race is involuntary but there is something to be said about being honest about your application. there are different ways that students -- a student applicant

could be dishonest and that is inappropriate. is because, that possibility -- just because that possibility doesn't mean that race should be impermissible. host: we want you to join us in your questions and comments about affirmative action. republicans, dial in at (202) 748-8001. democrats, (202) 748-8000. dependeds -- independents (202) 748-8002. college and educators, your line is (202) 748-8003. you look like you want to respond. guest: i wonder what it means to be honest about your race and one of the problems we face especially in america, is

that folks don't know their race anymore. it is not like and white at one point. i am not sure what i am supposed to put on any government form. what is it mean to be honest about your race? keeping mistaken as well -- can you be mistaken as well? it is not really as black and white as some folks make it seem literally. host: connie is next, washington, d.c.. caller: just a comment for the young man, this idea that schools going out to diverse communities and making a blanket statement that they are not competitive and it is discriminatory to do that is ridiculous. it is a good thing to make an effort to make your campus diverse. is a great thing to go to different communities and find stars that may have been overlooked or they may have

thought that -- the -- they did not have the option to attend the universities of the blanket statement that affirmative action means including people that are not competitive is ridiculous. it is a great thing to be inclusive and studies have shown that in people who have white backgrounds and don't have exposure to different languages and cultures, they -- benefit from that. guest: i am not against bobbing the recruiting net -- broadening the recruiting net, drawing a wider net to get other people -- what i have concerns about legally and morally is to target certain people for the purpose of getting more skin color a

preferred few on the campus -- color of a preferred hue on their campus. i think morally, it is problematic. we should treat everyone equally. i don't think there is a real concern about that among people who really think through the issue that this is really treating people differently. host: there is a recent headline, white house promotes path to college diversity after getting up affirmative action. this is what the education apartment put out on guidance for universities and colleges going forward after the supreme court decision on tse two affirmative action cases. "institutions of highe applications may continue to -- make use all legally permissible methods to achieve that dirsity.

schools can continue to use and expand opportunities for all. this includes consg the full rangercumstances that students have used to achieve their circumstances. information about the applicant's neighborhood and high school and experiences of adversary including racial discrimination." both of you, reaction. guest: i appreciate the guidance and college and universities continue to have an obligation to ensure there is equal access. he talks about -- when he talks about equal access, there is a lack of recognition to the fact that many of our colleges and universities were racially segregated for many years and even though those days are gone,

it does not mean the disadvantages that endured because of separation doesn't continue to exist. we need to have targeted efforts to ensure that students who are underrepresented and have disadvantage in terms of accessing higher education have equal access and they cannot have equal access if they are at an disadvantage -- a disadvantage and that disadvantage continue to exist in be country when we grapple with the fact that it wasn't long ago that -- when racial determination was legal and many people of color were deprived of the opportunity to access educational resources. host: your reaction to what she said but also the guidance from the education department. guest: i agree with the chief justice when he wrote that colleges and universities --

that colleges and universities -- are to be the very last who should be trusted with using racial distinctions to determine who they will admit to colleges and universities for the very history that miss lee digests. -- suggest. they should be the last ones who continue to racially discriminate against people. when it comes to the biden administration's guidance on how they can continue to racially diversify their campuses, i agree with the chief justice. he suggested that dissenting -- the dissenting opinion of the justices who suggested that essays can be used to think about and promote racial diversity is not really good legal advice and i would say the same thing about the biden administration.

their position is that racial -- they lost that point and i would suggest the good -- that the losers in this case are not a good place to find legal advice. host: our guest this morning, devon westhill, the former deputy assistant secretary for civil-rights and eight agricultural department. we also have jin hee lee who is the strategic initiative director at the naacp legal defense fund. sony in minneapolis -- tony in minneapolis. caller: i don't recall calling on the democratic line. however, i am calling in regards to the issue. thank you washington journal for these guests. the supreme court has ruled on

other decisions that racial inequality affects -- is prevalent. it has been ongoing as well as identified as the current issue. i am lucky enough that i have education. i believe by excluding the question on my application that asked my race when i usually apply to undergraduate as well as graduate education, it gave me the defendant -- the doubt of getting accepted. if i -- i feel like if i listed a racial identification class that showed i was a minority, i would be less likely to get in. if i listed it on an employment application, i'd likely did not get a call from human resources or a recruiter or manager.

if i excluded this, i seem to get a call. you should try that in your professional life, anyone who is listening. i was the first person in my graduate program of criminal justice specifically to graduate from that program in over eight years as a black male. whenever they want to consider it -- whatever they want to consider it. that is how i feel i change my demographic at the end my career. as i tried to get employment, law enforcement would not give me an opportunity. associate degree, those classes tend to have or diversity and you go into the bachelors, a diminishes significantly but when you get to graduate level, there is nothing there and that is what harvard and north carolina are in disagreement

about in saying, that education, if i think of harvard, i am thinking graduate education level. i did not have the best test scores or any demographics that are representative and my high school was an alternative learning center. when they were looking at diversity post george floyd, they would see what was going on in the schools and change their attitude of their perception in the youth. just recruit them -- let's recruit them. you look at i.t.. you call any i.t. representative or computer science professional, it is likely a foreigner, not an american black man or woman. you can drive by construction sites all day and you will

likely only see one black or minority out there. host: let me jump in and asked, do you have a question for our guest? guest: i don't know what -- caller: i don't know what side i am on. i have experienced discrimination point blank, and had i listened -- listed my application -- on my application i was minority -- mistretta, you have an exceptional resume and experience, change your name to a predominantly, what is considered a black female's name and change a race on that application and see how likely it is you get a call despite your qualifications. i have a masters degree. host: i will have both of my guests respond to you.

guest: a appreciate -- i appreciate what the caller said and this is a complex issue but one thing that is important is the difference between an educational setting as opposed to other settings. but the supreme court had previously recognized in all of it prior decisions is that higher education is unique in the sense that it is an opportunity for students to be exposed to differences. it is an opportunity that they will never have again, going to college and interacting with people from different backgrounds and learning from each other and that is why diversity is so crucial when it comes to higher education in order to foster that educational setting and in situations like colleges and universities, there is an obligation to foster and advance diversity of all sorts. associate named -- socioeconomic

diversity, there is diversity in interest and racial diversity is an important part of that, especially in a country as rich and vibrant as ours. we have so much diversity and so many students of color who have been for too long denied opportunities to show but they can achieve. this is why it is so essential for colleges and universities to foster that diversity. guest: i think the caller is asking about racial discrimination still existing today and without a doubt, it does. racial discrimination will always exist. at the end of the day, i will say again. i like diversity, i like to diversity. ally for an individual to be look like -- looked at as an individual. i don't think that individuals who care about minorities can really say that they are for

minorities if they don't care about the individual. the individual is the smallest minority on earth and that person is more diverse in many aspects of diversity that you can think of. we need to be more careful on how we can access people and not to give any incineration or preference or a black mark on their admission to the college or university just because of their race or ethnicity that is preferred or not preferred. host: here is a viewer on x. didn't the progressive state of california already stopped using affirmative action for college tuition over a decade ago with positive results? guest: the facts show that the number of black and leggyx -- latinx students public it -- plummeted. they struggled to have the

temple university they had before the affirmative action and --ban. this is why it is more important than ever before to scrutinize admissions processes and try to undo any disadvantages with an eye toward making sure all students have equal access to admission to that particular institution. host: devon westhill? guest: the facts bear out differently. after california passed prop 209, you are minority students were admitted into -- you were minority -- few were --fewer ready students were admission -- admitted to university of berkeley. many more were admitted to

university of irving. the geocache gpa --the gpas rose and it was a net benefit to be prepared for the institution they were prepared for and this is a primary issue when it comes to affirmative action. the suggestion that black and latino or other preferred races are helped by this practice, i am in the camp that it does not help to put someone in a position where they are not academically prepared to do the course work and keep up with the cohort that is admitted. that is what happened, you get mismatched if you are put into a institution you are not prepared for. guest: the mismatch. it is not presented and there is no evidence to support that.

they were such -- studies show that students of color, regardless of their standardized test scores are just as successful in that educational institution as well as post graduation which supports what has been a long time criticism of standardized test scores long -- host: david in long beach, mississippi. retired professor. what did you cheese -- teach? caller: in north carolina but i am a retired high school inner-city in a duster -- in augusta, georgia. good morning. no one ever talks about in education, and it is diversity,

will never get there -- we will never get there if we don't do something about property tax. property tax is the reason the inner-city, augusta, georgia, seven miles of the road with columbia county, their houses have 278, 68 and richard county. there is no -- there is no way just from the computers that we have, the books that we have, compared to the rich county. it is ridiculous. you talk about following the supreme court, you have to state of alabama the said no gerrymandering. you think down south here, with affirmative action gone, you think they will look at any minority?

i live in mississippi and it is terrible education wise. the property tax, you should go to the basics. host: but take your point -- let's take your point. guest: the caller is putting a ion has been practiced for a long period of time. why black and latino students have been underprepared. we mentioned that -- k-12 education and that is one of those things. property is a big issue that needs to be addressed. family and community cohesion is an important thing that we need to put resources and time and energy and new ideas into thinking about turned of ways in which we deal with the problem that we see in black and hispanic and other minority committees that cause the foundational problems for kids going through their education. host: julian, rhode island,

republican. caller: thank you for taking my call. i have a quick comment and a question. right before i started out in the workforce, i started working for the state. affirmative action started before that. i don't think where i work new what affirmative action was because i missed out on promotion after promotion after promotion over people -- from a different country. it is very frustrating. it was frustrating for myself to be able to understand why a young light -- white lady and a the new workforce, not being

able to get a promotion because of the color of my skin and i don't limit on the people that got the promotion over me. i blame the people who did not know what affirmative action really meant. that is my comment, question would be -- my question would be. how would you deal with those issues -- that issue? guest: i think the caller is talking about of a situation in employment and affirmative action in employment is different from affirmative action in education but one thing that is interesting is that women are the greatest beneficiaries of affirmative action, both higher education and -- were exclusively male for many generations. it is because of affirmative action -- accessing these

opportunities but under no circumstances should anyone should be -- anyone be promoted or hired because of their race. that is illegal under the law. the affirmative decision has no bearing on employment law. just goes to higher education, the fact that there is misunderstanding about how affirmative action works. students of color are not admitted because of their race under affirmative action. this is a consideration of their race among many other factors and this is among qualified students. you have to be qualified to be considered under affirmative action just because, one student may have a test score that is higher, it doesn't make them more qualified. there are a host of factors that

go into whether or not they are the best candidate for admission into the university. could be there socioeconomic status -- it could be there socioeconomic status. their racial and ethnic backgrounds should be considered and even under the supreme court decision, it is permissible for students to be able to talk about their experiences with the race and how that is connected to the qualification. host: ron in eastpoint, florida. caller: wet morning. -- good morning. host: question or comment? caller: comment, mike, it would be -- my comment would be the constitution once stated that african-americans [indiscernible] and it wasn't until 1955 until

they were recognized as people in this country. through the hundreds of years of discrimination they endured, how in 60 years are they able to catch up to the people that make the rules? this is a comment made because of native americans [indiscernible] a country that is built on the old system -- abused by the people that want -- [indiscernible] you wouldn't have a welfare state and our whole country would be more equal. because we tried to right the wrongs of the government.

that is my comment. host: a little difficult for us to hear. review following -- word you following -- word you following --were you following? guest: i personally believe the discrimination this country was known for for many years is something that has over time built up and we should be working to remedy it. racial discrimination even today is not eliminated. it is still there. my issue is with creating more problems from racial preferences to try to remedy those things on the past or try to remedy what is viewed as current, systemic racial bias or prejudice. we have to be careful about what

we are doing lest we have unintended consequences that do more harm than good and a previous caller was talking about grievances that are created based on -- that treat people differently based on their race and the city. we don't get to a better place in this country right treat people differently based on the race. i am thankful that the supreme court has suggested, we will not permit that any longer in college and university admissions. host:, do share a headline, npr, congress is ending legacy admissions to -- what our legacy programs and your reaction to this headline? guest: legacy programs are when the children of alumni of a particular college and university has an advantage in the admissions process and this

has been a intergenerational advantage mostly to white students because of this benefit that has been accumulating over many generations. reflecting how a lot of these colleges and universities excluded students of color for most of their history. i think this is a practice that should be examined especially, among other practices that should be examined, to determine whether or not there are disadvantages that are unfair, students of color -- college or university. guest: the legacy issue is a tough one. many people, i have heard many people suggest that legacy should be eliminated but it is up to the college and university to determine that is something they want to do. it is not like racial decision -- discrimination.

it does have a disparate impact on the basis of race because the vast majority of legacies are going to be white students at these institutions because of their history of racial discrimination and it ought to be looked out -- as seriously at colleges and universities if they want to increase their racial and ethnic diversities on their campuses might think to look at that. host: we will go to waldorf, maryland. caller: thank you for giving me a chance to speak. i want to make sure we are thinking of this very complex issue and -- in simplistic ways. as a student currently studying in my doctoral journey. i am seeing the research so, -- show we are not close to catching up that was placed on

african-american educators and african-americans who were lynched and forced to retire once integrate -- one since the group -- once integration happened. not even -- which devastated be academic journey for african-american students up until now. my statement is very simple. the quantity of individuals that get into colleges are still majority white american. and the quantity of opportunities that are available academically, resources, funding, etc. are still state schools which are majority white american. affirmative action assisted with the quantity number and is not

based on discriminatory acts. and is not the reverse the -- it is not the reverse discrimination. it is the quantity, trying to make equal, what has been an equitable for years -- been an equitable for years --been inequitable for years. 1968 was not that far away -- 1960 was not far away. guest: we should do as much as we possibly can to make opportunity available for everyone, based on race and religion. it should not matter. my concern is treating people differently and causing immense heart --harm as a result.

there should not be preferences for individuals that lead to grievance, that her previous caller indicated -- that a previous caller indicated. through no fault of their own, racial minorities that want to go to college at the select institutions carry a stigma as other people look at them that they did not achieve what they achieved because of that institution that we have. that is not fair and that is not something that has been a boon to minorities. it has been a harm so as much as we want to repair damage that has been done, get people to a place where there is greater and more equal opportunity, we ought not to be doing something that is causing more harm than good. guest: the caller hit upon a

important point, it was not that long ago where we had explicit discrimination that pervaded our entire country and we are living with the consequences of that. the reality is that there are incredible inequities and incredible disadvantages for students and people for color -- of color along racial lines and this inequality is racial inequality. there is explicit racial inequality for most of our nation's history and if we are going to try to remedy that any quality, how can -- that racial inequality, how can we remedy that without acknowledging that the racial inequality exists and -- ignoring people's raised will not make --race will not make that inequality go away.

caller: thank you for taking my call. fantastic to be here with you. mr. west or -- mr. devon westhill. host: if you follow that -- did you follow that? guest: i missed what the question was. the caller is probably referring to an article that i wrote that says the naacp is a fantastic organization. i would it is doing good work for people like me who grew up for. they do more work in the communities and less for individuals who benefit from

highly selective raise preferential treatment in colleges and universities like harvard university where those students are from middle and upper crust backgrounds. host: final thoughts? guest: i appreciate the conversation we have been having today. i know this is an issue that is very much on people's minds, especially after the supreme court decision. one thing i would like the audience to walk away with is that it is so imperative we ensure equal access to these educational resources like the selected colleges and universities. it has a tremendous impact on our society. if those opportunities are denied to students of particular races, it is a harm to all of us in this country. we are not benefiting from all

of the potential, all of the talent, all of the opportunities that should be available to all students in this country. host: thank you both for the conversation. to our viewers, if you are intested in these two affirmative action cases tonight, c-span is airing the oral arguments for these cases. 9:00 p.m. eastern time right here on c-span. we will be joined by usa today white house correspondent francesca chambers. she will be talking about presidentiden's reelection campaign strategy. we will turn to the completion we had in our first hour, your message toederal and state lawmakers on immigration. there are the numbers, start dialing in. we will be right back.

>> sunday night on "q&a," san diego state inner-city psychology professor talks about the differences between the six generations currently living in the u.s. the silent, baby boomers, gen x, millennials, gen y, and the bowlers. she explores what the impact it will have in the future. >> weekends a division showing up with more people identifying at the extremes of ideologies, more polarization, democrats and republicans on various generations. i think it is good to know what is this really look like overtime? not just poll at one time where we cannot change -- where we

cannot tell what his age and but look across decades. >> her book "generations," sunday night at 8:00 p.m. eastern on "q&a." you can listen on our free c-span now at. pp. >> alive oslumber -- unsolicited or third -- live on september 3, religious freedom and the sexual revolution in america. she is an expert on christian culture and the author of many books, including "it is dangerous to believe" and "adam and eve after the pill." join in the conversation with your phone calls, fabook comments, and texts.

"in-depth," live on sunday, september 3 at noon eastern. >> the triple hotel is located in downtown moscow. it was used by lincoln to give speeches. during world war ii, it became a home and office for almost all foreign journalists allowed to work in the ussr. allen phillips has written a book about those days called the red hotel. >> author alan phelps on this episode of "book notes plus." "notes plus" is available on the c-span now app or wherever you

get your podcasts. >> "washington journal continues. host: back to our conversation earlier on immigration, what is your message to federal and state lawmakers on immigration policy? what do you want him to do about this issue? in texas, a judge will hear arguments over the texas buoy barrier. the justice department sued the texas governor. they want the buoy removed in the latest clash with state officials over immigration and border security. listen to governor greg abbott last month reacting to the justice department's lawsuit. >> the legal action of the biden administration is being brought against a state tried to stop illegal immigration. the biden administration has not

pursued while legal action to stop people from coming over the border illegally. this is a topsy-turvy approach by the biden administration. we need a president of the united states that is going to enforce the laws of the united states that prevent illegal immigration. that means denying entry between the ports of entry in the u.s.. texas has 29 ports of entry and joe biden want them to come across illegally between those ports. >> probably mexico's diplomat was saying it may violate the 1944-1973 treaties on flow of water. everything i've seen with photo and video, it does not look like it is impeding the flow of water. that seems to be a weak objection. >> it only impedesnehing,

people trying to cross illegally. host: the texas governor defending that buoy barrier. this morning, your thoughts on immigration. the biden administration responding to the governor, here is what the press secretary had to say. [video clip] >> i do have to say, governor abbott has an opportunity to work with us on this, on any issue that is in important one for the american people. when you think about the border, dealing with a broken system. what he continues to do is he continues to move forward in a dangerous way taking unlawful action. it is undermining what we are trying to do. we are trying to do with a broken system in a humane way, trying to do it in a way that is effective. we have seen his border plan management. effective and is unfortunate he

continues to do this. it is not put savage just young migrants at risk but it also puts at risk the border patrol who are trying to do their job. he gets in the way of that everyday. host: the press secretary defending the biden administration's stance on the buoy barrier. what is your message on immigration? john in pennsylvania, democratic caller. you are up first. caller: for 18 years, former president trump hired undocumented workers. that was on pbs. they attributed -- they interviewed people from the golf course in new jersey. all waterways in the united states are governed by the federal government and the core of army engineers.

i can't understand why president biden doesn't have the core of army engineers go down and remove those barriers. he would have the right to do so and texas could not do anything about it. i think the catholic church to excommunicate governor abbott. he is roman catholic and the way he treats people, the catholic church should get on this case. host: sherry in florida exodus to say "the dreamer law should be passed. those willing to serve in our military and those with green cards who lived in the u.s. more than 10 years." that is her message. you have michael from atlantis saying "can your guests -- from -- dave from orlando, "not enough judges to process the

immigrants, not enough jobs and housing and food to secure those coming into the united states. politicians have no solutions." mary from georgia, independent. good morning to you. caller: i have a solution. this is my plan for immigration. my plan would be all immigration would be stopped for 10 years. it is to process those coming in illegally. my solution for those, i would give them 90 days to come to report to immigration, give all their information, and then they have to leave the country immediately. they will be penalized and stay out of the country for two years

and then they can come back. if they came and illegally, i would give them 90 days for them to report to the innovation office, give all of their information. if they did not do anything wrong, they would be penalized that they would have to leave for five years as a penalty. then they can report back. the last thing i would say is this is something they cannot do right away. i would stop the -- if you are born in the u.s., at least one of your parents would have to be a citizen for you to be able to get citizenship. that is my plan. host: okay. the caller there with solutions. jim in new york, republican. good morning. caller: i don't know how much i

am going to be able to get in before you cut me off. host: make your point and we move on. caller: i am politically active and i blow to the civic association. this place is packed to the gills. the schools have five to 40 new students every week. he marquees are in spanish which is ridiculous, no other ethnicity has done that before. the houses are packed to gills. the park on the sidewalks. the police do nothing about it. the houses are crowded. i go to the town hall meetings, they do nothing about it. host: what is the drop -- draw for migrants coming to your area? caller: the late 1980's, when

reagan gave amnesty, that ballooned this. the houses have a lot of absentee landlords and such. we get to migration -- you get chain migration. people calling down to san salvador and they bring their relatives up here. the houses are packed. these parties are so loud you can hear them from two miles away. host: jim in new york. the new york city mayor, eric adams, talked recently about the new influx of migrants they are seeing into new york city and the federal resources he says he needs to deal with them. here is what he had to sit.

>> unprecedented state of emergency. the immigration system in this nation is broken. it has been broken for decades. new york city has been left to pick up the pieces. since last year, nearly 100,000 asylum-seekers have arrived in our city asking for shelter. let me repeat, almost 100,000 men, women, and children have asked for a place to stay. that is almost the population of albany, new york. for more than a year, thousands of people across this administration, more than 100 community-based organizations have worked tirelessly to ensure every person who has arrived here gets the opportunity to build their new york city dream. they do not have the

authorization to work so we have to provide shelter. we have supplied food and access to health care. we have enrolled children in schools. we have opened almost 200 emergency sites, including more than a dozen large-scale humanitarian relief centers. we have assisted migrants with seven applications -- silent applications but we are past our breaking point. new yorkers' compassion may be limitless, but our resources are not. our partners at the state and federal levels know this. we continue to face impossible decisions about allocating resources. that means lose-lose for our most vulnerable new yorkers and those seeking asylum. host: mayor eric adams, the headline from the new york times

, "the mayor says the influx is costing the city $12 billion." the democratic mayor of massachusetts also earlier this month declaring a state of emergency due to skyrocketing migrant arrivals. this is a local headline from her news conference that she held earlier this month. listen to what she had to say. [video clip] >> close to 5600 families with children are living in state-funded shelters, hotels, dorms, and other emergency facilities across massachusetts. that figure is 80% higher than it was when yuriko. -- it was a year ago. it represents 20,000 people growing everyday. these families include newborns, young children, and expecting mothers. it is more families than our state has ever served exponentially more -- has ever

served, experts initially -- exponentially more. these numbers are being driven by a surge of new arrivals in our country who have been through some of the hardest journeys imaginable. they are the face of the national international migrant crisis. they are here because where they came from is too dangerous tuesday. they are here because massachusetts has and will always be a beacon of hope, compassion, humanity, and opportunity. they are here because like any of us, they would do anything, endure any hardship to protect and support the people they love, especially their children. massachusetts has met these families with compassion and resourcefulness. state nonprofit and community partners have been working around the clock for months, standing up thousands of new

shelter units, family welcome centers in austin and quincy, new shelter sites at joint base cape cod where reactivated national guard members, as well as eastern nazarene college and dozens of hotels. we created a new legal services program for migrants, the first of its kind in the u.s.. we are going to keep doing everything we can to help families in need. we remain unwavering in our commitment to being a state and people of compassion, safety, opportunity and respect. the increased level of demand is not slowing down. host: that was the governor --

of mistresses. what is your thought on immigration? -- focus on who profits from the problem. bill in new jersey, democratic caller. caller: good morning. host: your message to lawmakers. caller: this is what i would say to them. what is happening now with the immigrants coming in, we're just getting back what we gave out. we drove the indians out, they were here before us. we drove the mexicans back into mexico and we took all of this away from them. now it is coming back at us. why don't they look at it? from that point of view? maybe they can find a better way to handle this.

host: fernando, falls church, virginia, republican. caller: a lot of political footballing, people need to stop trying to score points one way or another. no one should be breaking immigration laws, primarily because there are security issues and planning issues, but we have a huge labor shortage. there are two drops for everyone person -- two jobs for everyone person. people are not having enough babies. the only other way is having immigration. but it needs to be in a way that makes sense. we have too many concentrating in cities and i understand why, people want to go where they know someone or speak the language.

the government needs to help them learn english to go to places where labor is needed. there are a lot of places like that. legal, smart immigration. we need to have more people coming into this country because we are not having enough babies to replenish the people who are going to retire soon. host: fernando there. on facebook, "build a much more of system, e-verify, streamlined the greek -- streamline the green card so it is functional. hold corporations responsible for hiring undocumented workers." in omaha, nebraska, good morning to you. caller: good morning. i just wanted to say that i studied political science, i have a lot agree and i was an immigration lawyer.

what i have learned is when there is any issue with immigration, the constitution dictates the federal government controls that. that is this that led to the question -- that is a simple answer to the question. that might go into states rights and other things like that. i know the argument is that we have to secure the border before we allow further illegal immigration. it is a false equivalency because by securing the border, they mean stop people from coming here which means there would be no legal immigration. that is pretty much what the system has evolved into. host: more of your calls coming up. in case you missed it earlier, the headlines in the national newspapers this morning show

that former president donald trump leads by 23 points in an iowa poll. 42% of likely republican caucus-goers city former president is their first choice out of 14 different gop presidential candidates tested while 19% take the florida government -- the florida governor, ron desantis. the wall street journal with a story below that, georgia's surrender and a $200,000 bond was sent yesterday. the former president said he would surrender on thursday in the criminal election interference case against him after the bond was set at $200,000. also, during that process of setting the bond, the washington times reports he requires mr. trump to stay silent. the order says mr. trump cannot

make any direct or indirect threat of any nature against witnesses or codefendants. he is also prohibited from communicating in any way the effects of the case with a codefendant or witness except through attorneys. that is from the washington times. rick, annapolis, republican. good morning to you. caller: good morning. it is great that this country is allowing these migrants to come in from all over the world because of these dangerous situations they are involved in. what i would like to know is, what are we doing for all the blacks in detroit, chicago, baltimore getting shot and killed every night? why are they not leaving en masse from these cities and

going to d.c. where they will be safe? what is biden doing to help the thousands of blacks being shot in our cities every night, worrying about the migrants? host: rick in annapolis. tom on facebook, "find a compromise. i probably won't like it but it will be better than the mess we have right now and it can be modified down the road. it won't happen because there is no political impetus for compromise. it is safer to sit on the sidelines and do nothing but criticize the other party." tom calling for a bipartisan agreement. that is his message, what is yours? tia in fort lauderdale. republican. caller: it is amazing everybody keeps blaming president by the. the immigration problem started

before president biden was in office. host: what should be done about it? caller: the republicans and the democrats should get together and form an immigration plan. as the caller before stated, children born in the u.s. with parents with citizenship should be given citizenship. people coming into the u.s. who had no citizenship, their children should not be given citizenship. especially if you cross the border pregnant. it is not right. we already have an immigration problem and it is in all states. he states that arsenic immigrants to other states should stop and everybody should talk.

this is a problem that has been going for years and they just want to fight with each other for political points. there should be some kind of peace. we need to picture god -- we need to pray to god, republicans and democrats. host: let me move to john in new york. your message on nourishing -- on immigration. caller: my message is simple. it is the very beginning that has to be done. it is a simple thing everybody can do. people have to stop saying the border is open. our government officials have to stop saying the border is open. people watching fox news, all you hear is that the border is open.

people through the world are hearing that the border is open, of course the upcoming. the beginning of solving the problem is to stop saying the border is open. it is that is it. host: republicans, independents, democrat, you can join us. you can text 202-748-8003, include your first name, city, and state. you can join our conversations on facebook.com or on x, @cspanwj. peggy says "get an immigration bill passed. instead of using immigration as red meat." mike from new jersey, independent. what do you say? caller: the federal government

has left the border open and not doing what the laws say to keep it closed. they should take a possibility. you have the old army bases more people had basic training, put people in there until they get acclimated. at the same time, have the republicans and the democrats change their name to the sharks and the jets because all they do is fight like gangs. host: danny, republican caller. caller: how are you today? host: go ahead. caller: the system has not worked well for years. it was obvious when ronald

reagan gave mst to those in the u.s. illegally. it has proceeded because of unemployment primarily in the u.s.. if you cut that off, like in 2009 and 2010, there was an outflow of immigrants. some of them were illegal. they had jobs, they have sponsors. but there was an outflow. this is what should happen. we should enforce the laws we have in place to punish employers for hiring illegal immigrants. that will cut off the flow and will cut off the flow at the border if there are not jobs to go to. that essentially is my point. host: that does it for that conversation this morning.

we are going to take a break. when we come back, we turn our attention to president biden's reelection strategy. we are going to talk to usa today's white house correspondent, jessica chambers -- francesca chambers. ♪ >> since 1979, in partnership with the cable industry, c-span has provided complete coverage of the halls of congress from the house and senate floors to congressional hearings, party briefings, and committee meetings. c-span gives you a front row seat to how issues are debated and decided with no commentary, no interruptions, and completely unfiltered. c-span, your unfiltered view of government.

>> c-spanshop.org is c-span's online store. browse their products, apparel, books, home to core, and accessories. there's something for every c-span fan. shop now or anytime at c-spanshop.org. >> c-span's campaign 2024 coverage is your -- proceed. campaign 2024 on the c-span network, c-span now, our free mobile video app, and anytime online at c-span.org. c-span, your unfiltered view of politics.

>> if you miss any of c-span's coverage, you can find it online at any time at c-span.org. key hearings events and markers. these points of interest markers appear on the right-hand side of your screen when you hit play. this tool makes it easy to quickly get any idea of what was debated and decided in washington. scroll through and spent a few minutes on points of interest. >> "washington journal" continues. host: francesca chambers is at our table from the usa today to talk about the president's reelection strategy. let's begin with his visit to maui after the wildfires. what came of that? what has been his chris -- been the criticism of his handling that situation?

guest: he came under fire for saying no comment about the wildfires while he was at the beach relaxing. he was under pressure to go visit and every president residue this issue. how soon do you go? you don't want to get in the way of search-and-rescue. you want to go and do what the president did which is meet with survivors and their families and hear from them. he stressed his own personal struggle with grief, the death of his wife and child come and tried to connect with them. one think he did his he met with every person. he stayed for 70 minutes after his remarks to meet with every person who wanted to meet with him. host: let's talk about his overall numbers and how he is faring heading into his reelection. this is the real clear politics

average on the president's approval rating. 41% approve, 64% disapprove. was the headline for heading into the election season? caller: americans -- guest: americans feel like the economy is not where they wanted to be on a personal level. they don't feel that the inflation is decreasing. there is a disconnect between the president's economic message and the employment rate and how americans are feeling. no matter how anytime sickos out and says he is not declaring victory on the economy, polling is showing us that does not how voters feel about it. you have seen his campaign target and economic message, not just his economic record, but taking on former president donald trump, the gop front-runner. host: leading up to the first republican primary debate tomorrow night and milwaukee,

fox news has that debate, president biden's reelection campaign is expected to spend $25 million in ads. we want to show our viewers one of them. [video clip] >> it was the worst pandemic in 100 years, the worst economic crisis since the great depression. america fought back. today, unemployment is at record lows, our economy leading the world. joe biden past historic lows to rebuild the country, but he knows it is the american people who are the heroes of this story. pres. biden: america is back. we have shown each other and the world there is no quitting in america. >> in small towns and big cities, we are coming back stronger than ever. manufacturing jobs are coming home. high-speed computer chips are getting made right here. america is leading the world and a clean energy. there are some who say america is feeling, not joe biden. he believes our best days are

ahead because he believes in them american people. pres. biden: those who bet against america are learning how wrong they are. it is never good to bet against america. i am joe biden and i approve this message. host: what are the themes of president biden's reelection campaign? guest: you heard it there on the pandemic and the economy. they are running a strategy of having the president be the president of the united states and hope voters will rally around that message. the ads they bought they are running in key battleground states in nevada, arizona, and michigan. there is a new ad that targets voters specifically in wisconsin. he has a union worker in there, a construction worker, a female as well, trying to reach out to female voters ahead of the debate in wisconsin. the campaign does not want to leave that territory unseated.

the biden campaign also has officials in the state that will be doing their conferences today . host: how are republicans responding? guest: biden's economic message is something that will be on the debate stage tomorrow night. tomorrow is the big night. it is something republicans will hit on. the now infamous governor desantis memo will be a target. his campaign has been trying to prepare for that by getting their rebuttal out there. host: is the republicans' message on the economy resonating? how hard of a cell is this for the biden administration? guest: we will have to see in the general election, but if you

look at polling against former president donald trump, he leads by two points. that is within the margin of error and several polls have him tied. democrats said to me if you look at the last couple of weeks, this has been consistent where he has been tighter within the margin of error against the former president, even as trump has faced legal challenges and indictments. host: we are talking about president biden's reelection strategy. we want to hear from you. republicans, 202-748-8001. democrats, 202-748-8000. independents, 202-748-8002. text us to join the conversation, include your first name, city, and state to 202-748-8003. we read a couple of times this morning an iowa poll with likely caucus-goers on the republican

side choosing the former president by 23 points, 23 points more than the second-leading candidate which is ron desantis. is president biden running as if he is running against the former president? guest: to a certain extent, yes. in his own campaign responses, they are talking about donald trump specifically. they don't want to go anywhere near the indictments. they are the messaging on the economy, but also the way they are going to talk about democracy issues, about abortion rights rather than the legal challenges the former president of the united states faces. that is not to say they are not discussing ron desantis, who is in second in many of those polls. as president kamala harris went directly against governor desantis. she went to florida twice to

talk about the florida educational curriculum and challenge him on what it says about slavery. host: what role is the vice president playing in this campaign? guest: they have her out of there and say she will continue to do this. young people is one area, president biden is struggling, but also with black voters. that is any area where democrats tell me this president childress could be decided on the margins, even just a little pilaf from black voters could be detrimental to the president in some of these key battleground states. she talked about abortion rights in the midterm election, another issue they think would be helpful in the general election and the vice president will continue campaigning on. host: let's hear from wanda in chattanooga, tennessee, democratic caller. do you plan to vote for the president for reelection?

caller: yes. host: tell us why. caller: when it comes to matters here and abroad -- bismarck trump-where the, including a global conversation on how we can rebuild america. it looks like everybody is saying the same thing. we need to come together and rebuild for our children. host: i want to mention not only domestic issues but for policy, she finds him or trustworthy. his foreign-policy part of the campaign strategy for this white house? guest: president biden says it will be a major part of his strategy. we saw him on friday at camp david posting his first world summit. it is the first summit hosted

since 2015 there. another example of the president and the white house at his campaign trying to put him in situations where they show him leading the country as part of the campaign strategy. host: why is that? what do they think that portrays versus other possible candidates? guest: some of it is about not punching down at challengers to the president of the united states. as we were discussing, they don't know who the republican nominee is going to be. it is almost a two track strategy where the campaign itself will be rebutting these gop candidates and the attacks that might have on president biden at his record while the president focuses on domestic and foreign issues. host: kathy in wisconsin. caller: i have a question and a comment. my question for the guest would

be, what is their opinion on the article five mention of states? we really need -- anybody listening needs to look this up. host: can you help us out? what is this? caller: it is article five convention of states passed in 19 converses, i think the guest would be familiar with it. host: we are talking about something else. how does it relate? we will move on to laura in spokane, washington. caller: good morning. the problem is that it is not working. with all of the discovery of the criminality and treasonous acts being done by this biden and his administration, it is being covered.

that is what bothers us. host: give us examples. what treasonous acts? caller: keeping the border open and allowing the cartels to use those people as human trafficking and children for sex trafficking and organ harvesting and cooperating with the cartels. these deals with china he has been working on and all of this stuff. host: we will take border security because that was our conversation this morning. your message to federal and state lawmakers on immigration policy. we read polls showing president biden has no numbers on his handling of immigration, even hispanic voters think he is not tough enough on immigration. is this a problem that the white house sees and are they going to be talking about border security? guest: border security is difficult for the white house

for reasons you were stating. you have people who think he is not tough enough and then you have democrats who think you should ease up in some of these areas. as president harris -- vice president harris, he cast her with dealing with the root causes of migration. he will see them talk about it. for republicans, it is a huge issue and the president will have to address it. host: just in indianapolis -- jeff in indianapolis, democratic caller. caller: president biden should highlight his achievements on the economy because i think the best place we can be is coming out of a global pandemic. it caused a lot of disruption in the worldwide economy and president biden has gone the

economy almost back to where was. you cannot say the economy is bad when you have a 3.6% unemployment rate. most people are working and there are plenty of jobs available. host: let's take that point. caller: it sounds like the biden kennedy -- the biden campaign has gotten through to one of their voters. but debbie has to convince independents and republicans who voted for him in 2020 but considering not putting for him in 2024. as we were talking about in those battleground states, we will take wisconsin as an example, blue-collar workers. he is in a situation where if he does not win over the color workers, the ones who are swing voters, that is a potential for him to not just lose wisconsin but the entire blue wall he won

but hillary clinton did not. host: here is steve, "since prochaska covered the campaign in 2016 and the biden campaign in 2020, could she share which was easier to cover and why? does she expect the former president to be the gop nominee next year." guest: last campaign, there was a pandemic taking place so it is hard to compare. even if there is a matchup between biden and trump, it is hard to know what that will look like. there was not as much campaigning as in 2016 when i covered hillary clinton and senator bernie sanders. we were on the road a lot. we will have to see during this general election what that looks like. there could be a situation where you have multiple campaign events in one day in the final stretch.

host: the republicans have made the president's age an issue. how does the president respond? what is their strategy to address those concerns? guest: the president has started to make jokes about his age as a way to lighten the mood about it , but he is the oldest president the united states has ever had. he is now 80. former president trump, he is 77, just a few years younger than president biden. the biden campaign has a spot or two that by saying what he often says, watch what he has done, look at the things the administration has done already. host: we are talking about president biden's reelection campaign. we want to know your concerts your questions and your concerns. plenty of time to take more calls. republicans, 202-748-8001.

democrats, 202-748-8000. andy co., -- independents, 202-748-8002. mike in north carolina, good morning. caller: francesca, i have seen you on different programs and i know you are a biden surrogate. everyone is going in heat on these trump indictment's. if you are truly independent journalist, why don't you cover about david weiss? garland appointed him to hunter biden. how come nobody has brought up on the other networks that he worked with joe biden's son, be au, on a number of things and he works in the justice department was appointed special

counsel. you are supposed to get some videos out of that. host: let's take the hunter biden investigation and the impact of it on the president's reelection strategy. guest: republicans continue to investigate not just the president's son, but whether or not president biden was involved in his business dealings, the white house counsel business office says he was not involved. the president has set the same thing. at the same time, there has been a lot of scrutiny on president biden over the fact that hunter's former business partner testified that the president -- and that the then vice president of the u.s. was put on speakerphone roughly 20 times when he was in the presence of business partners of hunter biden. it is important to point out

that it was usually about the weather, mundane things. the president has been trying to stay far away from this, not wanting to comment on special counsel appointed in his son's case. host: at the white house briefing, how often are these things asked? guest: right now we have not had many white house press briefings which speaks to the president's strategy which has been to stay away from washington while not only this was taking place, but also while the trump indictments are taking place because there is an intense interest in both of these issues and they have said that the department of justice is independent, he is not going to intervene in either of these cases. regardless of what the question is about these things, they are usually answering it that way.

host: francesca chambers, you can follow her reporting at usatoday.com, on twitter -- not twitter, x. john in crystal lake, illinois. you are next. caller: i want to give a quick comment on what i think president biden's strategy is good to be this time around and similar to a strategy he used when he got elected. i call it the bottleneck strategy. around super tuesday, all of the moderates like buttigieg and amy klobuchar dropped out. it put the moderates into voting for joe biden. this time he is doing the same think by sentencing people like marianne williamson. it bottlenecks everyone again

into supporting joe biden. that is kind of what he does. he does not have a platform to run on that is satisfactory for progressives. that is what i think joe biden is going to do. host: are you still there? caller: yeah. host: d put marianne williamson and cornell west in the same category of challengers as the last time around, people -- and others -- pete buttigieg and others? caller: they are to the left of pete buttigieg. they are the same can of corporate democrats that biden is. look where buttigieg is now. host: are corporate's happy with the president? guest: if you look at a poll that dug into who is supporting the president, in that matchup, he would win most democratic

voters. there is more mobility there. even among democratic primary voters, 45% would like to see somebody else besides joe biden beatty nominee -- be the nominee. nobody else is stepping up. when his campaign launched, he was able to lock down the support of anyone such as gavin newsom or jb pritzker, sitting governors who could have challenged him. democrats would have seen them as someone who could beat him. host: in the same poll, do they ask if the president is the candidate, do you still vote for him? guest: yes. if you're looking at the numbers between rk and marianne williamson, he does have the majority of voters.

you look at that and go back to a general election strategy, we were discussing how he would fare against donald trump. he would do better in recent polling against ron desantis. we have not seen with the polling would look like against other republicans. host: elaine in florida, good morning. caller: good morning. i am an independent but i am straddling the fence. i was a democrat -- i was republican. right now, i don't see a platform for the republicans. that is my question, how would they unify the country. how would they bring -- what will they give us if trump is elected? what would he do for the country? i hear everything there against,

against biden and immigration and inclusion, all of these things. but what are they for? since you cover both sides, maybe you could give us clarity. host: francesca chambers. guest: with the exception of donald trump who want to be on the debate stage tomorrow, we have learned more about the positions and issues from other republicans who are running in the race. donald trump again, we know he won't be debating. the rnc announced the lineup, there will be eight candidates on the stage, including mike pence, the former vice president, nikki haley, as well as ron desantis. they will all be on the stage but donald trump will not be. host: justin chambers, usa today's white house correspondent -- francesca chambers, usa today's white house correspondent. thank you for the reporting this morning. guest: thank you so much. this was fun. host: that does it for us today

on "washington journal." we will be back again tomorrow. we hope you join us then. ♪ [captions copyright national cable satellite corp. 2023] [captioning performed by the national captioning institute, which is responsible for its caption content and accuracy. visit ncicap.org] announcer: c-span is your unfiltered view of government. we are funded by these television companies and more including media,. acom. >> at mediacom we don't care if you're here or here or way out here, we think you should have asked, reliable internet. >> mediacom support c-span as a public service along with these

other televisi providers giving yo front row seat of democracy. announcer: the house and senate will take up federal spending bills to prena government shutdown. cuent government funding expires september 30. they are also facing io the -- deadlines for pandemic programs. and president biden's judia and executive nominations for the del reserve included. tclive coverage for the hoe on c-span, the house o c-span two, and you can watch all of our congressional coverage on our app c-span now or online at c-span.org. ♪ during the 2022, 2023 u.s. supreme court term the justices ruled on some of the most

controversial topics. this week c-span looks back at some of those cases that involve voting rights, affirmative action, antidiscrimination, and free-speech, executive power, and executive laws. tonight students view unc and student -- admissions from harvard to a third mitt of action cases -- which ended the -- use in college emissions. watch this at 9 p.m. eastern on c-span and online at c-span.org. announcer: president biden visited the island of maui in hawaii to tour the damage of the wildfires that have ravaged the state leaving more than 100 people dead. joined by the state's governor and delegation, the president offers condolences to victims and survivors. he also spoke about the efforts hi