local groups and the disaster it nonprofits that come in two places that are affected. host: what do you make that president biden had told the florida governor that the defense department was on standby to conduct a if needed? guest: it is coming for dod to do -- be tasked with various needs that arise and i take that as a sign of being responsible and acknowledging the potential impact of the events. host: what experience did you have on the frontlines? guest: i got started doing disaster work in new orleans after hurricane katrina and the levee failure. i started out as a volunteer and we began working with different disaster recovery nonprofits. i did a lot of work that folks

from north carolina to florida are going to have to start doing, everything from mucking and gutting out houses to rebuilding homes, helping people fill out fema paperwork, insurance paperwork, kind of anything and everything that needs to be done in the aftermath of a disaster. the subtitle of your book, from the frontlines of the climate crisis. why did you say the climate crisis? i think it is a crisis. we have seen the effects of climate change particularly on extreme weather events. communities across the world are suffering from those consequences. from an emergency management standpoint, we are in a crisis and it is important to frame that to the public so we understand the urgency of acting to try to prevent the climate

from changing more but also making sure we are doing everything possible for the communities of climate change affected and changing aspects of emergency management systems so we are better able to help communities across the country. host: what changes do you think need to be made? guest: there is a long list. i would call for conveyance of emergency management reform. i mean everything from the federal government to state and local government needs to be making changes here and we also need to be thinking across the emergency management mission. emergency management is responsible for not only saving and recovery but for preparing for the responses and recovery and also didn't mitigation to try to prevent impacts from these disasters and try to minimize our risk across the

country. the system has a broad mission. everybody is involved in the system. you see disaster survivors are often called the true first responders. the system needs to be thought of comprehensively. it changes made to one part of the system affects the other part of the system. >> we take you live to remarks by president biden on the initial impact from hurricane milton and the response. president biden: the coast of florida brought hurricane winds, heavy rain, including 10 to 20 inches of rain in the tampa area overnight. storm surge measurements are still being taken, but 38 tornadoes ripped through 38 counties. four deaths are reported thus far. there's no full accounting of the damage though. but we know life-saving measures did make a difference. more than 80,000 people followed

orders to safely shelter last night. and we've had search and rescue teams at the ready for any called for help this morning. there's still very dangerous conditions in the state, and people should wait to be given the all clear by their leaders before they go out. we know from previous hurricanes that it's often the case that the more lives that are lost the days following the storm than actually during the storm itself. vice president harris and i have been in constant contact with the state and local officials, and we're offering everything they need. i of must have spoke ton somewhere between 10 and 15 mayors and county executives and all the governors. in fact, starting this morning, we are getting direct assessments from fema, director cri swell as well, also florida governor desantis. the vice president and i have

just convened a meeting this morning with the leaders of the department of homeland security, department of defense, including northcom commander who has i responsibility for providing defense for civilian authorities. that apparently is going very well. as well as from the coast guard and from fema we've received reports. we focused on what the american military can do like no one else can, provide emergency support for communities in need, and required by the governor and a -- affected states. i've spoken to governors thus far. and how we can be ready to go in an instant when the call comes. at any direction, defense secretary austin has provided a rage of capabilities both to florida for hurricane milton, as well as the states impacted by hurricane helene. the more capabilities are available, we assess the pressing needs, we can get whatever they need.

the service men and women are on the ground responding to these disasters. thank you. thank you for your professionalism, your dedication, to every mission you've given, you've done it again. this is a whole of government effort. it also includes the department of energy and department of transportation, department of health and human services, and the department of housing and urban development, which is providing mortgage relief for impacted homeowners. as directed, fema is going to open disaster recovery centers all across the impacted communities right away, so there's one stop the residents can go to to learn about the support they might need, and that will be advertised where those places are. three million people are without power, more than 40 million power lines workers have come from around the country from canada to florida to restore power across the state. in addition, the federal aviation has authorized florida power and light to fly large

drones before other manned aircraft can get up in the sky to quickly assess the damage on the ground, so ground crews can restore power as quickly as possible. the coast guard and the army corps of engineers are assessing how fast they can reopen the port of tampa to get fuel, food, water, and other basic goods flowing into the area again and quickly. additionally, vice president harris and i said yesterday, we'll say it again, anyone who seeks to take advantage of our fellow americans' desperation, whether you're a company engaging in price gouging or a citizen trying to scam your neighbors, we will go after you, and we will hold you accountable. now, not only that, our fellow americans are putting their lives on the line to do this dangerous work and some receive -- as a result of reckless disinformation and outright lies that continue to flow. those who engage in such lies

are undermining confidence in the rescue and recovery work that's opening and ongoing. assist i speak, these lies are also harmful to those who most need help. lives are on the line. people are in desperate situations. have the decency to tell them the truth. let me say this. to all people impacted by hurricane helene and milton, desperate the misinformation and lies, the truth is we're providing the resources needed to rescue, recover, and rebuild, and rebuild. let me close with this. i know recovery and rebuilding projects can take a long and difficult time. but as long as the press and cameras move on, i promise you, you have to pick up the pieces, i want you to know, everything in our power to help you put the pieces back together and get all that you need. god bless you, and may god bless our troops and our first responders, in some cases risking their lives to help.

thank you very much. i'll be reporting again tomorrow. thank you. >> mr. president, on fema funding, how much time does congress have to ask before fema or the f.d.a. run out of money? president biden: that's a discussion now, and i don't want to mislead you. i think in terms of the s.p.a., it's pretty at the edge right now. and i think the congress should be coming back and moving on, emergency needs immediately, and they're going to have to come back after the election as well. it's going to be a long haul for total rebuilding. it's going to take several billion dollars. it's not going to be a matter of just a little bit. but we're fighting now to make sure people have the emergency relief they need, dollars just to be able to get a prescription filled, get baby formula. that $750, that they're talking about, that mr. trump and all the other people know, it's a lie to suggest that's all they're going to get. that's bizarre.

it's bizarre. they got to stop this. i mean, they're being so damn un-american with the way they're talking about this stuff. but there's a need for significant amounts of money. we're already underway of trying to calculate what the cost will be, because you don't want to mislead anybody. want to make sure all the costs are able to be cover. >> have you spoke to speaker johnson about coming back? president biden: no, i haven't. >> are you calling on congress to come back early? president biden: i think congress should move as rapidly as they can, particular on the most immediate need, which is small business. >> the vice president said yesterday that fema has what it needs, there's enough resources, congress does not need to come back. president biden: fema has its needs. that's different san s.b.a. >> s.b.a. coming back? president biden: yeah, but they're going to need more. >> what did prime minister netanyahu tell about you his plans related to retaliation -- president biden: he's coming over to help with the storm. >> mr. president, have you

spoken to former president trump at all? president biden: are you kidding me? mr. president trump, former president trump, get a life, map. help these people. >> you said you were going to hold those accountable. >> you know the truth. >> do you plan to speak with former president trump? president biden: no. >> the president spoke wit several florida officials about the impact of hurrica milton, including florida republican congresswoman anna luna. she writes o x, just got off the phone with president biden, he's personally overseeing that fema does not create problems with debris removal and is supportive of the $15 billi in fema funds only for hurricane ctims. if congress goes into a special session we can get it passed immediately. this needs to happen. speaker johnson, call us back. >> later today, former president

barack obama will campaign for vice president harris at a rally in pittsburgh. wah live starting at 7:00 p.m. eastern on c-span, c-span now, our free bi app, and online at c-span.org. some debate coverage to ll you about on the c-span networks. today,eplican larry hogan and democrat angela alsobrooks ta pt in their first debate in the race to replace maryland democrat ben cardin in the senate. tc that tonight at 8:00 eastern cpan. at the same time on c-span2, we'll have live cere of a debate between the candidates running for u.s. senate in utah. those vying to replace republican senator mitt romney include democrat cole, republican congressmanoh curtice, and independent candidate carlton bowen. again,has live on c-span 2. and at1: p.m. eastern, there's a debate for alaska's sole at-large congressional district. the candidates are mary pella

and republican nick begich. watch that from alaska pli media live on c-span. and all of our debate covag is also available on c-span now, our freeobe video app, or online at c-span.org. >> friday night, watch c-span's 2024 campaign trail, a weekly discussion on how the presidential, senate, and house campaigns done in the past week. two reporters talk about the events driving the week's political news and look at the week ahead. watch c-span's 2024 campaign trail, friday nights at 7:00 eastern on c-span, online at c-span.org, or download as a podcast on c-span now, our free mobile app, or wherever you get your podcasts. c-span, your unfiltered view of politics.

>> the house already in order. >> this year c-span celebrates 45 years of covering congress like no other. since 1979, we've been your primary source for capitol hill, providing balanced, unfiltered coverage of government, taking to you where the policies are debated and decided, all with the support of mark's cable companies. c-span, 45 years and counting, powered by cable. >> now to arizona, where democratic congressman reuben gal egand he republican kari lake are running for u.s. senate. the two faced each othein their first and only debate ahead of election day. whoever wins in november will replace independent senator kyrsten sinema, who decided not to seek re-election. the cook political report currently as it leans democrat. this hour-long debate comes from the arizona clean elections commission. we are going to stah the border this evening. we have separated this topic

into two categories -- border security and immigration reform. mr. gallego, you one of the earliest critics of the border wall. has your perspective changed on that? how much of a role does a border wall need to play? rep. gallego: the border wall is important to the security package. it has to be coupled with technology and manpower. this is why it was important the bill passed because it had a lot of those elements. i have voted for border walls in the past. with the proper manpower and staffing, it does work. what does not work is a border wall without the manpower and laws you need to implement because it does not end up being of use. it just costs us money. this is why we focused on the border security bill.

make sure we brought something the border patrol wanted. thousands of border patrol agent's, thousands of ice agents. this is stuff i heard from our border patrol union. i heard from the mayor's i have visited, county officials. they needed this and wanted this. that is why i was very sad that kari lake was against the bill. so lee standing, she was still against it. not because there was a better option but she needs to be a border problem. that solution would have brought a lot of the problems we have under control. from day 1, i have worked in a bipartisan manner. i worked with a republican from

southern arizona to get veterans to join border patrol. even recently i signed onto a bill to get more federal law-enforcement and make it easier for them to join border patrol, something that has been difficult. >> ms. lake, two minutes. i will give you a full two minutes to talk about the border wall and can it withhold without adding extra security and billions on technology? ms. lake: i just jotted'down rubens exact quote. we are getting the extreme makeover version of ruben. he has voted against border security every step of the way. i covered the state for 27 years

and we watched as secure politicians said they would give us border security and they never did until president trump came along and secure the border but he had to do it with one hand tied behind his back because people like my opponent saw him every step of the way. the border wall keeps us safe. we have seen areas where the border wall is there and where there are gaps, people are pouring through. ruben gallego has supported kamala harris, the border czar, and joe biden's open border policy which has led to 400,000 convicted criminals coming in and they have done nothing to secure the border. the only piece of legislation mr. gallego put forth was about removing the wor -- words "i llegal." he is more worried about

semantics. we are worried about a potential terrorist attack. we want to go for a jog in the morning, like laken riley did, and not worry about being raped for murdered. i want to finish the border wall. on day 1 my first piece of legislation would be to fully expedite the completion of the border wall. we paid for the materials to do that but ruben gallego and kamala harris have sold back $325 million of border material for pennies on the dollar. they gave it away. >> in addition to finishing the wall, do you add security and technology and do you spend on that as well? ms. lake: absolutely. i do not think we can do enough to secure our border. everything -- because of this

man's policies. 100% open border. he sided with the cartels every step of the way and against the american people. >> mr. gallego, do you support open borders? rep. gallego: absolutely not. the country does not -- i have been very proud of making sure that in my time in congress that i have voted and brought thousand of border patrol agent's to arizona. i have voted and funded hundreds of miles of border walls, where needed. this is why i am supportive of the border enforcement bill, the compromise bill supported by border patrol. kari lake cannot explain why she was against the bill. this is why we have more support from border mayors htan she does

-- than she does. now is supporting us because he knows we are not just talk. we are here to bring the resources to control the border and not just use it as a talking point, which is what kari lake does. ms. lake: he voted against president trump's national emergency at the border. he was talking to people donating money to his campaign and said he is not an expert on the border. we need someone who understands the threat and i do and president trump does. we will get busy undoing the damage caused by kamala harris, joe biden and ruben gallego has been with them 100% of the time. can you imagine voting with the kamala harris and joe biden 100% of the time, especially with the border? we have 20 million people pouring in, they are taking jobs and housing.

this is why nobody can afford housing? we have to compete with people coming in illegally. i am 100% for legal immigration. my mother-in-law came here legally. all of the incredible immigrants in this country who came here legally are horrified by the votes my opponent has taken and what come has done. that piece of legislation, thank you for reminding me, i am not for it. it would codify into law 5000 people every day coming in illegally. 5000 people every day would be pouring across our border illegally. nothing to stop child sex trafficking. 350,000. they have lost track of them. >> on that topic, are there any elements of the bipartisan border bill you would have

supported? ms. lake: it was not done properly. . here is what happens in washington, d.c. -- guys meet in back rooms and say let's put a border deal together. they call it something and it is usually the opposite. and then they put a bunch of stuff other in it. the piece of legislation i had a real problem with was the attached it to $100 billion of arizona's money going overseas to kill people. when they could not get it passed because there was no bipartisan support. three people supporting it, the senators were not bipartisan behind it. the house was not supporting it, either. what they did is they separated it out and ruben gallego voted to send another $60 billion to

ukraine. he was waving a ukrainian flag. can you ever imagine standing on the floor of congress and waving the flag of another country? that is what this gentleman did. he sold us out to ukraine. he spent $260 billion, he voted every penny of that but would not help president trump with the border wall. even if president trump sent to the democrats that i want to make a deal when it comes to daca, let's make them citizens in exchange for helping me come up with money to build the border wall. ruben gallego and the democrats said no. they are using these daca recipients as political pawns. i find that disgusting. >> specifically about the dreamers -- rep. gallego: i was negotiating

this with the chief of staff of then president trump. we did agree to give the border wall for dreamers and then he came back and said we want to bring down more legal migration, take out green cards. ms. lake: that is not true. rep. gallego: i was in the room. >> i promise you a rebuttal. rep. gallego: this is something she has been avoiding. why don't we just give dreamers status? kari lake has dodged what would happen with dreamers. she will not answer if she will deport the dreamers. i do nothing dreamers should be deported. let's talk about this -- the bill was separated. once from pressure from politicians like kari lake who just want a border problem, a lot of republicans walked away from a border compromise bill

that had a lot of republican cosponsors. they made a separate bill only on the border and kari lake again voted no. this is why she does not have support of so many border mayors. they understand we take this serious. it is not just campaign rhetoric. ms. lake: we just learned this week that 435,000 people have come across. we knew they had criminal records. 60,000 of them were convicted rapists and murderers. this piece of legislation was a disaster. i have a solution called hr and it will2 constructing the border wall. dealing with people who poured in during the 20 million people who have come in unvented into our country. we must deal with them to see

her homeland. we must send them back to their homeland. i'm talking about the people who came in unvented the last 3.5 years. i'm not talking about the dreamers. do you want to keep them here? do you support the people who have invaded our country in the last 3.5 years? do you want to deport any of them? rep. gallego: yes, we should have a proper deportation proceeding. we should not support dreamers. ms. lake: all 20 million of them? rep. gallego: let's be clear. ms. lake: let's talk about them. rep. gallego: you have not made clear -- ms. lake: you had a chance to make a deal. rep. gallego: she said she will deport people. will you do for dreamers? ms. lake: president trump wanted to make a deal when it comes to dreamers, you said no. the radical democrats, like my opponent, would rather use people as political pawns. i want to support --

we watched as hundreds of thousands of people a year are taken from us because of drug poisoning. you have empowered the cartel. >> i would like to ask, through august of this fiscal year, customs and border patrol reported more than 2 million people caught crossing a legally , five hundred thousand pounds of drugs seized at ports of entry, what is the bigger threat to you? the flow of migrants or drugs? ms. lake: they are both terrible. it is a war against america. we have an invasion coming in. they look like soldiers coming in across our border. we have the cartels empowered by ruben gallego, trafficking drugs into our state. i have met so many parents and loved ones on the campaign trail

who come up to me, they will wait until the end of the event. they come up to me at the end of an event and they say i lost my son, key was 16. he took half of what he thought was a xanax pill. a 20-year-old daughter, young mother. we are losing an entire generation of young people. you should know better, ruben. you have admitted you have a loved one who was a convicted drug traffickers, who has traffic drugs into our country. >> admitted to respond. ms. lake: i feel for you. you got emotional talking about that. for you to contribute to vote to empower cartels to bring in fentanyl into our country, you talked about it -- >> mr. gallego, one minute.

ms. lake: he talked about a family member trafficking drugs. what they are doing to families, you are making that be their reality. moms and dads are losing people because of drugs. they have empowered the cartels. rep. gallego: i have taken this seriously. i was in support of more technology to the border that would have checked the scanners. that was in the bill that kari lake stood up and said do not pass it. it would have brought a political solution to an end. she needs this talking point. as a member of the armed services committee, i introduced a bill called the buck stops here that helps us track down the sources of money that go to fentanyl, all the way to china and mexico. this is why i have more support from elected officials and leaders in this country and this state than she does. border mayors that used a

campaign with her are campaigning with me because they do not think is serious about this. it seems like donald trump does not want to campaign with her anymore either. this is what we are seeing right now. a candidate who can only talk, does not produce. >> one of the impacts being felt by border towns we heard from in the questions submitted by voters is the hospitals in border towns are spending on medical care for migrants. food banks have been impacted. now locals are buried there are not enough resources left for them. how do you -- now locals are worried there are not enough resources for them. we are looking at for-profit and nonprofit organizations. rep. gallego: i have been working for the last two years to make sure we bring money to border communities. this is money, yuma county,

santa cruz county. ms. lake: the ngo's transporting. he wants to fund the ngo's. rep. gallego: these communities including the nonprofits that work with communities are essential to making sure the streets are not full of men just walking around. what they do with help from fema is we make sure these migrants are not affecting the small towns. they cannot take the impact. hospitals, law enforcement, they are all reimbursed. kari lake will say anything to gain power. she has said that we took money from fema, we took money from fema for a hurricane when we appropriated the money for the border communities. now she says we should cut that.

she said we should cut that. these mayors and say, because i want to earn points with my friends, i will cut your funds. she is lying right now that the money went to the fema came from that fund. it is going directly to them. it does not matter as long as she gets her talking points and she gets to lie and gets power. >> how do you rectify the financial impact for those border communities? ms. lake: hospitals having to close down, hospitals not being paid because people coming across illegally are getting services and they are not being paid. ruben's idea is to funnel billions of dollars into the ngo's taking part in transferring people into our country. go to the airport in arizona, take a red eye, it looks like a

migrant encampment. people are moving to all 50 states and ruben gallego has funded that. the real solution in arizona is not to have to pour billions of dollars to shut down the border, it is the border wall that he called the dumb, stupid border wall. we do not have to put millions of dollars into the ngo's. the real solution to help border communities so they are not taking a financial hit is to finally put the border wall up and get serious about border security. mr. gallego would rather put $260 billion of your hard earned dollars into ukraine. i want to protect you. that is why president trump has called me border kari lake. i love the victim. i will help him build the border wall and secure the border. we cannot afford work kamala

harris and ruben gallego have done. a match in voting for 100% of the time for an open border. the fentanyl falling into the hands of our young people. it is affecting our economy. when you bring 20 million people in, they will work for peanuts, especially under ruben gallego's plan to pay for their housing and give them at ebt card with thousands of dollars to pay for their food. they can work for a reduced wage. it brings your wages down and makes all of our families struggle even more. police are struggling because of more crime. how many of you know someone who is a victim of the crime from these chilean gangs who are terrorizing people? >> 30 seconds. rep. gallego: this money has been requested by the communities. this money has been requested

and they asked us to work with these nonprofits to release the pressure they have. she would literally leave these towns abandoned. why have you not visited them? you have been some mar-a-lago more than you have been to the border. if you actually talk to these towns, nonprofit, these mayors, they would tell you we need this or we will have chaos. she wants the talking point. arizona will get hurt. ms. lake: i have been to the border. >> we need to change topics. mr. gallego, let's switch topics to abortion. if you were in the senate, would you vote to either codify abortion in the u.s. constitution, or would you vote for a ban four find somewhere in the middle? do you think federal government

should be involved at all? rep. gallego: i would codify roe. it is important that my 15 -- the fact that we have women -- we have women that are traveling with their daughter who are victims of rape, out of state so they can get an abortion. a 10-year-old baby girl, victim of incest, had to leave her own state to get an abortion. the reason we need to codify it is because people like kari lake make this a dangerous situation. this was a person less than two years ago said 1864 territorial law, a law that said if you were an abortion provider it was a mandatory two-year sentence and it had no exceptions for

she said it was a great law. she said she was thrilled when roe was overturned, and then when she was disappointed to find out the 1864 law, the one that had no exceptions for rape or incest, was not going to get in force, she said i hope that sheriffs will do their jobs. can you imagine -- we have it on tape. these are your words on tape. can you imagine the sheriff enforcing abortion laws? this is who kari lake is. she has told us what you would do. she said it. she said she was thrilled when roe was overturned, and so do we want politicians like kari lake to be involved in these very difficult decisions when they should be left of the woman, the doctor, and the family? ms. lake: it should be left to the states.

i agree with ruth bader ginsburg. everybody knew it was unconstitutional, and arizona -- i will speak to the women of arizona. i am the only woman on this stage right now. i don't think i'm standing next to a woman, so we understand how difficult these choices might be. we have the choice has arizonans to decide what our abortion law will be, and we will decide in november. ruben gallego wants to take the choice away from us. he wants to bring it back to the federal government and take away our right and arizona. i want us to have that choice, and whatever the law ends up being i will respect. i come from a large family. i am the youngest of nine, and we have a girls. i am a daughter myself, and i want to make sure that we have the choice to decide what our abortion law is in arizona. we are running for federal

office. this is not going to be decided in the senate, this is not, and i will never pass a federal abortion ban nor will i approve the use of federal tax dollars for abortion. here is what i will do, because i am a mother and i care deeply about women. more and more people are choosing to have an abortion because they cannot afford to live, let alone take care of the baby. i do not want anyone to make that choice because of the votes ruben gallego has made to collapse the economy. i went to pass profamily legislation. i want to make sure you vf -- uvf is protected. i have many friends who have had children and experienced the joy of motherhood because of uvf. ruben gallego does not really care about women's rights. when it comes to athletes he

would like them to compete against men. moderator: you said you would not appropriate -- ms. lake: we have a 15 week abortion law passed by democrats and republicans signed into law, so we do not have an abortion ban, but i will not pass a federal abortion event in the united states senate. ruben gallego wants to take the choice away from us. i am a stand that he knows the difference between a woman and a man, because i thought there were 147 different genders. i do care about women's rights. i come from a family of women, many nieces and nephews, and i care about the right to exist and live.

people are pouring across the border, dangerous people taking away the lives of women. i care about the ability for our daughters to be able to participate in athletics. he does not want that and he does not care about your first amendment right to the women who disagree with them politically. women care about a lot of different issues. i know you spent $40 million on attack ads regarding abortion. think about how many lives could have been saved with $40 million and think about what we could have done to up make our country a better place. moderator: i would give you a minute to respond and i want you to clarify because you said you would vote to uphold roe on a federal level. that means states can only intervene in the third trimester. rep. gallego: that is correct. we would go back to the protections we had for 50 years. kari lake misspoke when she said the 15 week ban is good and not

a ban. there is also within that current law no exceptions for incest and rape, so we are going back to what she was originally saying not too long ago when she said this very restrictive log that had no exceptions for rape or incest, that would have jailed providers was a great law. someone that was willing to look at a mother and say i know your daughter was raped, but she does not have a right to an abortion. she was willing to say that just two years ago, and now we are going to trust her? this is the same person that is still lying about winning the 2022 election. she felt the basic test of honesty. moderator: i am going to ask you specifically -- 30 seconds. ms. lake: he acts like he cares about us. look at his character and his

background. he has been harassing women and being disparaging toward women from the very beginning. when he worked at city hall he had a complaint about a hostile work environment. he went over to the legislature, there was a sexual harassment filed against him. people go crying out of his office. this is a man putting on an extreme makeover act. moderator: we want to get some specifics for voters, because you mentioned you had a plant to support cad services, so things like state foster and adoptive services, mental health services for women in postpartum care. what is your plan to support those services? ms. lake: that gets a mention so infrequently in this discussion. we have talked about abortion, but we have not talked about adoption, and there are so many families out there who would love to adopt a child.

i just saw a statistic and it broke my heart. 60% of women to have an abortion would've chosen not to have one if they knew there was financial or emotional help, so we are offering a little bit of help to women and they will choose to have that baby. a lot of these that you mentioned are state programs, so that would be done at the state level. anything we can do in the federal government to assist in that. we need to bigger families. our birth rate is dropping to it insipidus level, actually dangerous, and we cannot just important -- import new population. i just believe deeply and how beautiful and wonderful families are coming from a big family myself. we did not have much, but we had love. moderator: thank you, and mr. gallego, one minute. would you try to work in

something on the federal level to provide better services for families who are trying to afford their children, and if any stricter state abortion bans are held. rep. gallego: we want to make sure we continue great work we give the child tax credit that brought child property done 60%, which by the way kari lake was against when the bill was on the floor. right now childcare is more expensive than sending your kid to asu, so these are the things we should be doing as often as we can to make everyday better. there were a lot of personal habits of were just around there, and we will not go through every line. ms. lake: i would be interested in you doing that. rep. gallego: the state representative center in email asking her to stop him up because what happened did not

happen. she is supporting us and supporting us in this campaign. whenever she does not have an answer, she goes for a personal attack. she will ban abortion. she was willing to taliban your daughter cannot have an abortion even if she was raped. moderator: we will move on to the economy. mrs. lake, i went to rescue a specific question. a lot of people in the state of arizona regardless of the stock market going up or unemployment being low, they are struggling right now. what does a living wage look like to you, and how as a senator would you help people in arizona get to a point where they could afford housing? ms. lake: i am so glad you were asking these questions, because this is the number one issue for arizonans. people are struggling. i was talking to a woman in the west valley, and she talked

about how she volunteers and she has volunteered for the goods at the food bank, giving food and volunteering her time. she said for the first time in my life i have had to go to the food bank and ask for my health, because i do not have enough money to get through the end of the week. it starts with bringing down the cost of everything. we have been affected most by inflation. housing prices are on the rise. they have gone up 35%. when i first moved here a three bedroom house for idiot thousand dollars. -- warned ruben gallego and the democrats do not send this piece of legislation into law, or it will send inflation skyrocketing up. that is exactly what they did. they did not heed the warning.

the price of eggs up over 100%. the average monthly mortgage payment has gone up 105% in arizona, and we have three cities that actually have the highest jump in rent payments every single month, and that is tucson, mesa, in phoenix. one of the things i want to do is secure the border. when you have 20 million people competing for goods answer is it is a basic supply and demand, but we also have to work to bring down the cost of everything and to make sure that we are not printing money and bringing inflation. there was one entity that can create inflation. that is the government. they have pushed for more spending, and that means more printing of money, and that is why your dollar is only worth $.75 today. it was worth one dollar under president trump. rep. gallego: first of all the minimum wage should be $15 and

pegged to inflation so it keeps moving up. you fight inflation by looking at how you can bring down costs. we have a big opportunity to stop the merger of grocery stores in arizona. by allowing kroger and upwards to merge double of 75% of all grocery stores control. that will raise prices, and we already see grocery stores gouging consumers. kari lake went on record and said she did not think there were any gouging of consumers even though we had these corporations under oath saying they did do it. we pass legislation that mandates our government negotiates the price of prescription drugs. next year's seniors will have their prescription drugs cap at a total of $2000. and we have to make sure we fight these big corporations taking up 1/3 of all homes recently. now she would give them a tax cut next year.

moderator: trump tax cuts, would you vote to extend them? ms. lake: you are about to see the extreme makeover version of ruben. we are not only going to be extend the trump tax cuts. we will make sure we are not making anyone who is a senior citizen pay taxes on your social security check, no more taxes on tips and overtime. we have got to stop printing money. that is with the democrats have done, and we will start cutting back on wasteful spending and government. moderator: i give you 30 seconds. rep. gallego: we need to keep the middle class tax cuts. the tax cuts to corporations do not need to go up. she wants to give them a bigger tax cut. we also need to bring in a child

tax credit as part of that trump tax cut, but giving more tax cuts to those not paying their fair share and press gouging -- price gouging arizonans is unfair. moderator: you mentioned it specifically, social security. how do you maintain it, because arizona as one of the highest populations of seniors. how do you maintain social security without privatizing it? ms. lake: people on social security, you have paid into that. that is an insurance benefit, and we are not touching that. ruben gallego, volaris and the democrats were decimated. they want to make it that the age you have to be to qualify to get your social security, they want to raise that and also take medicare. they promised they would not bring medicare and touch it, and they have. he wants medicare for all, which really means medicaid for all.

i have to mention the description drug prices. his vote in the inflation reduction act actually caused medications to go up. 57% increase in price. moderator: thank you. mr. gallego, i will give you one moment to respond to that. rep. gallego: this has been fact checked. we did not support raising social security. we have increased the solvency of medicare by negotiating for drugs. the first time pharma has to negotiate for the cost of drugstore seniors. the fact that she wants to keep that, i do not know where to go with that. social security has to be saved. i have been working since 14. the money that i saved is the money that i earned. my mom is about to join the community too. she is about to be retired. there are so many arizonans that rely on it i'm up at the way that you do that is to be realistic.

we need to raise that cap when it comes to social security. people that make $400,000 a year will have the caps race, and that will increase the solvency and payout of social security 100% all the way to 2016 -- 2060. this has been checked by economists. ms. lake: he has got a democrat president. i do not know who is running the country right now. your first day on the job was 10 years ago. rep. gallego: we have a bill that does exactly that, and we have republicans stopping the bill. this is the difference between me and kari lake. i actually try to work on things. she just as talking points. ms. lake: he has voted with kamala harris and joe biden.

he has voted with joe biden and kamala harris 100% of the time. he was a leader of the progressive caucus. that is all the ideas where we scratch her head come from. moderator: we are almost running out of time. two hottest summers in recorded history. whether it is human because were cyclical, there was a climate difference going on in arizona. what are some ideas you have to make sure we have enough energy and water in the state if we get hotter? ms. lake: i would not do with the democrats did, we just take a great energy policy president trump had for the state and decimated on day one. we need to bring back and start building the keystone xl pipeline and continue to drill, baby, drill. i went to look at all sources of energy. any went to full energy that is an expensive and reliable. the price of electricity is gone

up some 30%. i was reading an article the other day of a woman who is a retiree quiz to keep her house it 83. she keeps the shades closed because you cannot afford to call her house. unfortunately with the move the democrats did right when they got into office caused a spike in energy prices. only now are they realizing they are in trouble, but the democrats want us to be reliant on foreign energy. foreign energy with the middle east and venezuela. they did not want us to have our own energy. everything should be on the table to use. cheap and reliable. moderator: mr. gallego, we will give you two minutes to respond. rep. gallego: we first have to accept that climate change is happening. we prepare by having a resilient grid. we need to bring in more energy,

and that will have to be nuclear. we can continue the growth that we have in arizona the manufacturing and residential to make sure we can beat that. she did not bring up water. we need to make sure we are dealing with the drought caused by climate change, so that means we need to make sure we have more water reclamation projects. we will have to cover our canals. in the 2026 negotiations coming up we will have to cut acreage of water. it is dangerous for farmers that will be shut off from that. she is in denial about climate change. she is in denial about the 2022 election. you have one minute. will you finally tell the people of arizona did you win or lose that election? moderator: i will give you 30 seconds. we are running out of time. ms. lake: let's talk about

water. we have had 10 years in congress and he has done. i have lived here for 30 years and listen to politicians talk about our water crisis. i am not talking about fighting over a drop of water. we cannot conserve our way out of this crisis. we will give the short end of the stick to our farm community and are renters and we will have a food crisis. i went to go to washington d.c. at work on true solutions. piping in freshwater, dissemination, and once and for all bringing in new sources of water to the west. we do not want to be scrounging over water. we went to have plentiful water sources. i am sick of watching politicians do nothing. moderator: we don't want to get to this last topic as well, you have both a major stance on previous elections clear, but we went to note public perception is at least in arizona at that something seems to go wrong

every time, so what specifically can be supported in the senate to restore faith and confidence regardless of who wins or loses in elections? ms. lake: we have had a across the country since 2000. when you're at the democrats are mad, the other the republicans are. the people of arizona have been burned. they are tired of hearing about hick ups and loopholes and problems that happen on election day. we went to make sure our legal vote counts. my opponent wants illegals to vote. i want every legal vote to count. i do not care if you are the most liberal democrat or conservative republican. let's get back to something closer we used to have, election day, paper ballots, and we know the results right there on the night of the election.

we cannot have people pouring across our country illegally voting. he wants to give them all is silent, and we have got to stop this nonsense. rep. gallego: this is kari lake when she does not have answers. i am not for illegals voting. this person has [indiscernible] she has caused harm to arizona and have made us a laughingstock. she has 14 lawsuits. she is currently suing to be reinstated as governor. she has caused stephen richard, a good republican comment to have to get private security because of all of her threats she caused upon him to the point where he stood for defamation and she admitted she lied. now she is just waiting for the judge to say how much he is going to have to pay him. and to bill gates, another republican. she just also said she went to get rid of vote by mail.

what we are seeing here is kari lake who still is not accepted that she lost the 2022 election. she will say and do anything to win, but arizona is the one losing now. moderator: how do you address public perception? rep. gallego: what you do is what you will see the secretary of state and others do. you show leadership. you go to the process, you work in a bipartisan manner to instill trust and have people learn about the process. not actually do what kari lake does. she explains it. she has a nonprofit to fight them steal, but we do not know which is been using the money for. she is still holding up the judge and terms of discovery so she can see how much io stephen richard for lying about elections. ms. lake: i have never liked to the people of arizona. unfortunately we are watching the great extreme makeover of

ruben gallego, but i have never lied -- about moderator: our time is up, so we went to get to get your closing statements. make sure you have that full minute. we will cut you what will be get to the end of the minute. mr. gallego, you have the first closing statement. rep. gallego: i am a very lucky man. i am lucky to be born in the best country in this world, and by all accounts i should not be here. my mom wished us alone, and it is a real belief in the american dream and a real want to succeed i got where i am, and my sisters. we have doctors, businesswomen in our small family. i want every arizona and -- arizonan to fulfill that. we are in a dangerous situation. we are at a crossroads. we have dangerous leaders like kari lake who will lie to you.

she is trying to tickle your vote and disrespecting you by saying that she still won the 2022 election. how can you trust someone like that willing to lie to you all the way to the end. arizona, we are better than this, and we are a great state that will become greater if we work together. moderator: kari lake, you have one minute. ms. lake: arizona, thank you for tuning in tonight and i am looking forward to being your next he was sinister -- next u.s. senator. no matter what color your skin, what neighborhood you are from, we went to make sure we have a strong economy. we want to fully fund our police. my opponent called to defund the police when he was marching in the blm riots and calling police officers and the bad guys. i went every police officer and their family to know i fully

support you. we are going to need you to make our streets safe again after all of the crime that is poured in with an open border. on day one we will get to secure the border, we will get the criminals who invaded our country out, and we will bring back that strong, thriving economy. if you have someone with kiddos watching, we are going to turn this country around and your american dream will become reality. moderator: and that is all the time that we have, and we thank you for watching. ♪ m later today barack obama wil campaign for vice president harris at a rally in pittsburgh. watch live at 7:00 p.m. eastern. some of the debate coverage to tell you

. today republican larry han and democrat angela also books debate to replace democrat ben cardin under the maryland senate. at the samti on c-span to live coverage of a debate between the candidates running for u.s. senate intagoing to replac republican senator mitt romney including democt caroline blithe, republican congressman john corridorsnd independent candidate carlton bowen. at 11:00 p.m. eastern debate for alaska's sole at-large ressional district with candidates incbe democrat mary peltola and repn nick begich. our debate coverage is available on c-span now, our free mobile video app or online at c-span.org. >> with one of the tightest

races for control of congress in modern political history stay ahead with c-span's comprehensive political coverage of debates. this fall c-span brings you the top house, senate, and governors debate across the country, from races shaping your state's future and the balance of power in washington. follow our campaign in 24 coverage at c-span.org/campaign. watch november 5 for live real-time election night results. c-span. your unfiltered view of politics powered by cable. attention middle and high school students across america. it is time to make your voice heard. c-span's student camera documentary contest 2025 is here. create a documentary to inspire change the race awareness and

make an impact. answer this year's question, your message to the president. what issue is most important to you or your community? whether you are passionate about politics, the environment, or community stories. with $100,000 including a grand prize. it is your opportunity to not only make an impact but be work.ded for creativity and hard interviewer submissions today. scan the code or visit studentcam.org for your details to enter. the deadline is january 20, 20 25. nowe go to the six congressional district in arizona wher incumbent republican representative juan ciscomani is facing democrat kristin ingle.

the race is considered a tossup by the nonpartisan cook political report. we are making charge the 2024 debates are the most accessible in arizona history. the debate will air on a long list of radio stations, and additional platforms including support from local newspapers. each candidate will have two minutes to make an opening statement at one minute for a

closing statement. candidates have drawn straws to determine the order. after the debate i will pose questions to each candidate, allow them to answer and make sure the other candidate has a chance to respond. whenever a question is directed to a specific candidate only that candidates microphone will be open. at all other time, the other microphones will be open pretty thank you to the voters across arizona. no candidate has been given advanced access to any of the questions. with that that lets introduce our candidates for the debate, republican incumbent juan ciscomani and democratic challenger kirsten ingle. >> thank you, danielle and i think you two clean elections for hosting the debate. thank you to the people at home. i know this is being transmitted in spanish. [speaking spanish] i am proud to serve the district

where i grew up with the i am proud to serve the district where i grew up and where my wife and i, nora are raising my six kids. i am a proud immigrant that emigrated to the united states when i was 11 years old. i became thousand six and was elected to congress 16 years later in 2022. nowhere else what i have the opportunity. i believe in the american dream and i'm committed to defending the american dream. it saddens me that the american dream is out of which -- reach to so many people now. wisconsin is broken. there completely disconnected. of all the people i talked to at home, community leaders, parents of kids i coach as well. that is the reality we are living. politicians are trying to tell us things are ok. but how come prices are still too high? how come the border is still in chaos? how come veterans are struggling

with mental health issues of homelessness? what's the reason is the extremes have taken over. partisanship is taken over but i do the reason is partisanship and extremes have taken over. i don't subscribe to that. i was ranked the most bipartisan member of congress from arizona. that's why, as an appropriate or i have been able to secure resources so that we can find pulleys, fire, test police, fire, hospitals, invest in rodent fire infrastructure. these are the things that matter. i look forward to debating and being able to contrast and compare what i and my opponents stand for. kristin ingle believes in increasing taxes, defunding the police and not accepting the border crisis. >> that was your two minute opening statement. ms. ingle, you have two minutes.

i would like to acknowledge that last night i was proud to stand with you as a yellow to stone and as we commemorate the tragedy of october 7. one year ago today. debate so that we could attend that event. now, let's get to that debate. congress. it was truly a dream come true to move to arizona 20 years ago with our then infant daughter to teach at the university of arizona. i'm proud to call arizona my home. i first ran for office as a mom fighting for funding for our schools. elected three times to arizona legislature i thought for the freedom for women to make their own reproductive health care decisions. to fight to lower prices.

to secure our water future and work as a bipartisan basis for a thriving economy. now i am running for congress. i think representative ciscomani and i agree congress has been run by extremists. it has been the most dysfunctional congress in modern history. congress has not been able to pass a budget much less pave our roads or protect our troops. where we disagree is i believe mr. ciscomani is part of that dysfunction. he has sided with the extremist over and over again to raise costs, to restrict abortion access and even to reject a bipartisan border deal to secure the border. i have a 19-year-old daughter and 88-year-old father. i am running to restore her freedom and protect social security and medicare for him. not just for them but for all

arizonans. thank you for tuning in. >> thank you has two minutes but we have a lot of issues to get to in this next hour. but, since we have you both here and want to start with current events but given what's happening right now and israel in the lebanon i would like to quickly catch on foreign relations but yesterday marked one year vince hamas initial attack on israel. what is the u.s. role in fostering peace within this region? mr. ciscomani will start with you. >> is an important question thank you for starting that especially given the date we have the when your anniversary that just passed. i was in israel in april. six months after the attacks of october 7 thread got to visit the sites where this happen. especially in the southern part of israel. visited with families, heard from them the families of the hostages as well. we went all the way up north where the new battle has also started there. israel is under attack from all fronts at this point. at that time they'd only seen the attacks of the south expecting attacks from the north

as well. the situation has gotten worse. the weekend after we came back from israel, that we can i plunk it there was an attack on israel there to protect themselves with the iron dome. that is produced right here with the raytheon in our district. that alone shows the importance of the u.s. relationship with israel. the partnership we must continue to foster, invest in, and support between israel and the united states. the greatest ally in the middle east. we need to be supportive of their efforts. they have the right to defend themselves against all terrorism. all of these iran funded terrorist groups from the north, up from the west, from the south that israel's being threatened. they have the right to defend themselves it is our duty as their partners and friends to stand by them every step of the way. i am proud to have been a part of that parent proud of the appropriation committee where we funded the international efforts

of the state and foreign operations. we have been able to allocate more resources so that israel has those tools to defend itself. >> ms. engel your response to that question? what's the escalation of military conflict in the middle east is truly concerning. it keeps me up at night. this follows on from the latest we are seeing follows on from that terrible attack on october 7. and the loss of life was absolutely horrible. israel, absolutely has a right to defend itself. and how it does sell matters. we have also seen tremendous loss of life in the palestinians. that has also been very hard to witness. our role has to be to bring a

negotiated cease-fire that will bring the hostages home. there are still many hostages in gaza. many of them are americans. we have to make sure there are clear objectives for the future here. and how are we going to bring this to peace? we need to make sure that we have a plan for self-determination. for the palestinians. and that we return to a two state solution. israel is one of our greatest allies. we have to continue to support israel. and i support that. supporting israel is also supporting peace in the middle east. that will happen when we are able to come to two state solution for a quick survey sticky with the issue of security but bring it a little closer to home with what's happening at the u.s. currently the 2024 voters agenda shows 89%

of voters who were surveyed feel that immigration reform is important to our economy. that we need to prioritize creating a functioning border for commerce and integration. also 82% see it as a humanitarian refugee crisis. and they want leaders to work together to find a bipartisan solution to this issue. so mr. ciscomani you said you would a bit open to amending the bipartisan border bill had it made it to the house. you mentioned you took issue with the bills threshold of border patrol migrant encounters but saying it was too high. and ms. ingle you a bit outspoken critical voting down the bipartisan border security bill. with all of that said. moving forward what are some actionable steps that you can take to help improve the border situation and a bipartisan way? ms. engel will start with you. >> 's is absolutely a top issue. i have always said we need to secure the border. neither party has done a good

job of this. president trump famously separated families at the border. put kids in cages. president biden, let's be real. he was late to see what a crisis it was becoming. we need to secure the border. we have the opportunity as a bipartisan border security deal that was backed by the border patrol union. i put more boots on the ground. would have put conventional detection systems at ports of entry. more asylum officers and judges. way ahead and dealing with but my opponent opposed it when

president trump made it very clear to you the border crisis he could run out for his presidential campaign. my beef with her current representative he is not committed to solutions on the border we are tired of that. we cannot afford more months of politicking on the border. we need solutions. that was a solution and i think that was a really good place for us to start. we know we have to secure the border first. and then we need to fix our very broken immigration system. >> mr. ciscomani your response? ... two minutes of no solutions you asked for solutions and i did not hear any because there aren't any on that side. when kirsten engel edge abide it was late to this issue, just a little while ago when she was asked if there is a border crisis, immigration price crisis she straight up said no.

she is right in line with what the buy demonstration has done on this issue. now, when you look at the board you've got to look at the issues on the board approved immigration of a personal journey with, it's bureaucratic, it's expensive, it takes way too long 13 years it took my family to achieve citizenship. you got trade and commerce for arizona, our number one trading partner. then you have the security issue. the security in the sense of fentanyl but also human trafficking. the lives are lost, the kids traffic the 85000 plus children lost by the federal government that are in this country they cannot track down. that is a real crisis. how kirsten engel doesn't think is a crisis is beyond me. but winning to do question might find solutions that work. this a bipartisan border package had a broader bipartisan opposition to it. which is why it did not pass a democrat-controlled senate were even representatives my neighbor your representative that you live in he came out against that

belt even with this statement before the one i sent out by stand by what i said on the issues i wish i would've been up to work on it. we need to implement again remain in mexico. we need to tackle this issue piece-by-piece because a big idea of a huge border package is going to find problems but we can't wait for that to work and not do anything but we have to work on that big package at the same time we can continue to keep on getting rid of catch and release. ending the parole authority. and increase the asylum credibility of fear and remain in mexico. there are specific things we can issue right now projects as far as responding to that, a better strategy than a one-size-fits-all border security bill that lumps all that in there. >> look, we have a closely divided government. this is a bipartisan deal is a very conservative one. it was endorsed by the border

patrol union. it'd been negotiated by when most conservative senators in the senate, lankford. also arizona's own independent senator houston sinema and a democrat. this was a bill that would have pushed us forward in a really significant way on an issue we know has been very divisive. it is been very divisive nationally and here in arizona. when you talk about things like trade, that is so important. mexico is our biggest trading partner. but when i talk to people here in our community they all say southern arizona is given a bad rap because of the border. you had a chance to embrace a bipartisan deal that would have made significant step forward sd and you rejected it. and you rejected it because of president trump telling you and your caucus to do so.

and the deal then fell apart. we need to elect people that will embrace solutions and no longer this politics. we keep on electing people to go down to the border, take a photo ops but are not willing to do the job in cdc of actually solving the border crisis. that is what i will do. that's what i didn't arizona legislature as they worked across the aisle on some of our biggest issues for water, to education, to public safety. i will do so on the issue of the border. >> gratian is very personal to me. i went to this journey. i know the pits and the falls and where we need to be improving this. for someone who is not in the state legislature you have been elected official longer than i have five years the legislature not much to show for. when you look at voting for the border strike force as an example of why sam of the border. listen, we talk about this bill or any other effort we have to make sure it has a wide bipartisan support for the fact

you get a few people at each side of the aisle a small number to it like something doesn't mean it has brought a bipartisan support. and i'm going to say this now before we continue, you really need to temper the lies on the stage and on the airwaves. trump never called me. no one called me too tell me how to vote. i know how to do that for myself and i know how to read bills. what i read on that were several aspects that needed work. it was not ready to be passed by i have no authority over that as a house member all he could do is get my thoughts on it and wears a legislator i thought saw that going which is what i did. the senate, they are controlled by the democrats were not able to pass the bill out of the senate. we actually never got a chance to work on it. that is the reality of that bill. the fact you and to exaggerate that input more power than even i could ever seem to have two be able to kill a bill that's almost humorous. but, what we have to look at our our records. our records and standing by our law enforcement.

would you talk about border patrol council they have endorsed me in this race. law enforcement done the same. nine of them. none have endorsed kirsten engel, why? they know we stand by them as they believe in border security they believe in immigration reform. being pro- border security because we were putting into anti- immigrant. that something we need to get very straight here. i am proud of it. i'm also pro border security and pro- trade given that i lead the arizona mexico commission for eight years under governor to enhance that trait and that was a big priority for me. >> will her question on this that will move on to some of her other issues. if elected to put it that border security bill and a spot for it could pass or is it time to look for new strategy? >> absolutely. and had in its 20 issues we all know about other southern border is there is a very large number of migrants that have come to

claim asylum. that has been a distraction for our border patrol agents. who we need securing the border. stopping the flow of fentanyl into the united states. half of the fence and what comes into the united states comes across arizona's border. we also have a problem with human smuggling. what that border bill would have done is put more boots on the ground. it would have hired thousands more asylum officers. one hundred more immigration judges. it would have made sure that we had the technology to scan every truck coming across the border that had fentanyl in it. not just as we have now, one in 20. so, right now we do not have those resources. we do not have this immigration judges. we do not have the scanning technology. we are back basically to ground zero and yet those were the components that we need. that is what i would work on.

not photo ops, not words, that actual actions. this is our elected representative. and i don't think he has much to show for himself in terms of the issue that he's been talking about for years. it is time for change. >> you both mentioned the border and mexico is incredibly important to arizona's economy so let's switch gears. >> can i add on that? the last time she spoke were two minutes. >> 32nd rebuttal. >> this is the issue. we are running for housing for reelection in her for an attempted with high-speed chases. who voted for this every

republican voted for this. also 56 democrats voted for that is 32nd et cetera we are going to have to move on. thank you mr. ciscomani. we can bring it back we have time later want to make sure we get to enough issues. [inaudible] [inaudible] >> understand, thank you for let's understand the economy disappoints from the pew research center 81% putting that at the top. inflation is back to its lowest levels arizona's are still feeling the pinch in some of those every day costs the grocery store, paying rent, they are making tough choices but what steps will you take as a member of congress to provide the average consumer with some tangible release? mr. ciscomani will start the first request this is the issue here about the most a question

about it. wherever i go whether it is discussing community leaders, with the mayors come with elected officials to be on the field quite frankly will never go to a political meeting. dropping kids off at school both from kindergarten all the way to high school. we have an opportunity to talk to a lot of people and a lot of parents this is the number one issue, the cost of living. how expensive things are they have to tighten the belt by the federal government continues to spend in a reckless way. i am at appropriate her. as the only freshman in the appropriations committee on the house site and the only freshman in congress appointed at the beginning of this term i have a seat at the table to make sure to fiscal house in order. the way the federal government has been spending money.

people at home i've tightened their belts. they reduce their spending because of the inflation that the joe biden administration has brought in. one that kirsten engel approves and supports it but we cannot continue on that path. we cannot continue on that road. families are hurting but we do to reduce the spending from the government way to reduce the regulatory environment so they can create these jobs but we do to make sure we are promoting them by expanding the economy and spending less money on the government side. that is what i've been focusing on as an appropriate her in the resources i been able to bring back home to the community funding a project having had the economic developments like new roads, and our hospitals, the land for a new building to help fund with the funds are brought back to the appropriation committee. this is targeted investments that help with the economic development and the workforce as well. >> miss engel how do we get relief question.

>> they really need relief. high costs are digging into family budgets. it is a real issue for families. it is an issue for seniors. it's an issue for people working at minimum wage jobs. they need relief for ivan advocates worked on lowering costs for families here in arizona. when i was in the arizona legislature introduced a bill to go after price gaucher's to the authority of the attorney attorneygeneral and 36 other ste two go after companies that are jacking up prices during this emergency. we need to make sure we are not letting companies get away with things like fixing prices for rental homes, affordable housing is also part of the high costs.

it is still price-fixing. companies, large equity firms that are coming into her housing markets to make sure that doesn't happen. such as promoting and expanding authority medicare now has passed by congress earlier it was in office. to allow the negotiation for prescription drugs. opposes actually caps the cost of insulin in cap the cost for healthcare. most of the kinds of things

using we have not seen that. we haven't seen that for my opponent he's even done things like cuts vote to cut things like affordable housing money on the federal level. >> has two minutes. mr. ciscomani your response to that. >> that's a lie when dad like to ask you for the sources of 90% of the things that you say about me. >> the home program. young students graduating college. having to move back into their parents of seniors on fixed income not able to afford basic necessity. just before coming here i met with seniors where they are nervous about their pharmacy closing that's a big big concern for them. what's happening in the entire healthcare industry. we talk about the economy something hurting everyone.

and with the government over spends money that's exactly what we are going to get. that's exactly what's wrong with that approach of having more government more of the private sector when it comes to government spending how do you feel those funds should be managed or spent? >> with clean energy tax credits. i wrote a letter along with 17 other republicans that we should be projecting clean energy tax cut. on businesses or having to hire full-time people the bureaucracy the federal government is putting them through it's a full-time person that can be used to actually enhance their service and grow the business as

well. talk to a group of businesses where i had a roundtable money is coming in. everything is more expensive. it's taking longer. you talk about affordable housing. less government regulation would free up builders able to be invested in this and create the affordable housing we very much need in our district. that'll put in policies to help those in the most need and give people the freedom to go want to pursue their american treatment business pursuing education but whatever it may be. they are being made if they can afford that are not spray talk to a pastor whose kid said i cannot buy a home unless my wife is making the exact same amount of money which is a considerable amount of money they're having to move back in with them. these are the kind of stories we keep hearing they're very common. unfortunately we have to step in and invest in with which to grow

the economy. work government rules that does have history of working at all. >> missa engel your ideas? >> absolute, absolutely. unfortunate my opponent has used his position on the appropriations committee make better you did vote to cut by 60% in july the top affordable program that is putting money into tucson. two so it uses to distribute affordable housing builders. we know we need more affordable housing here in arizona. and that families are really struggling with that. your vote to cut by 60% one of

the most effective programs that is not what we need. i am together with you in terms of let's build our clean energy economy. it's very exciting. as a result of the inflation reduction act there's a lot of private investments coming into arizona but you know my background as an environmental attorney i am excited about this. and once again representative gently when you first pose a newer elect was hr-1 which cut money -- make it cut clean energy but you're not consistent in how you use your position in congress is not helping working families. it's actually cutting the programs that we need. we need to make sure the middle class is not shouldering our tax burden. we know we need the wealthy and the big corporations of this country to be paying their fair share. and they are not right now.

we need to close those loopholes lead to pass a child tax credit that will really help our working families. we need to cut the taxes for the middle class which is a tax cut to the handout to the wealthy. >> mr. ciscomani rejects respond? something hr-1 cut was regulation more government interference to allow the market to take offered to make more clean energy here domestically but that's the main purpose of hr-1 and that is what i supported. when you look at housing for example when you talk about education one of the projects that i used in the appropriations to be able to support teacher housing. why question at the school district is having a very hard time attracting teachers. as a matter fact if you go and talk with them they will tell you a good number of teachers that have been of the fill the positions come from the philippines for that goes back to the visa issue we need to be working on on the board

immigration side of things meet worker visas to impact the economy and workforce as well print how to use my position on the appropriations committee to be able to have and enforce and apply fiscal responsibility but also to bring the proper resources back to the district that belong here with these dollars would use my position wisely and strategically to benefit those with the most need strength or teachers as well. >> you mentioned resources there and we want to transition into water crucial resource particularly in this district given its unique demographics. urban growth and development party of farmers in places like wilcox and some of these five counties this district covers. certainly of particular concern here. so how do you plan to balance water conservation efforts with the state and really the district in particular question at the district economic and population growth? mr. ciscomani will start with you. >> you look at water that's the

lifestream of the state. that has always been our most precious resource. arizona is a very good at managing water. this is one of the issues that historically we have been able to work across party lines to be able to come around this issue. under same without this we would not be able to exist for certainly not the way we do. he would not build build the fifth largest city in the nation in the middle of a desert where we are sitting in right now if we did know how to manage water. one of the unique things about water specifically in our district you have added, you have farming, you have urban areas, you have mining of course, you have rural arizona, areas more populated. these all have different priorities. an interest in our water resources. so, we have to continue to make sure we are efficient on it. add the complexity in arizona we

have of the international boundary with mexico as we share water rights with them as well, assess texas but these are intricacies that arizona has not been able to measure them and cochair of the bipartisan colorado river caucus with a member of color of the democrat leading back on their side. we talk about these issues. with negotiations coming up next year we need to make sure we are at the table. that is where i am on these conversations. in the agreement with the history of the country between the navajo nation in the san juan tribes. in order to come to an agreement, give them certainty and something that was approved. it signed off by the farm bureau, by the agate community paid by everyone involved in this including the tribes. it was the perfect timing to be able to do this it. i will lead on this issue. this is the issue means refocusing on right now. >> is engel what piles of jew support or implement shepherd

better projector groundwater and maintain the water supply? >> in everything we do with respect to water we have to be guided by the principle here in the desert states. arizona water for arizona. because we know how precious a resource it is. vital to life is vital to our economy. we know we have a water crisis. we have a drought condition on the colorado river. which is responsible for 40% of our water. work in the arizona legislature on the colorado drought contingency plan it was because of me with several million dollars going towards conservation and drought contingency bill. but, we also know our ground water is under threat. i held a water town hall in pierce, arizona on saturday afternoon. whole bunch of folks came in. farmers, townspeople, small business owners, all talked

about the crisis of their water. they have lost access to their water. they've had to spend thousands of dollars to deepen their well and that is because we have not adequately managed our water here in arizona. we have not been through industl agriculture has come in and is pumping our water dry. and we know under the administration my opponent worked in four years they need sweetheart deals with saudi arabia to come over here and pump our groundwater dry so they can plant alfalfa and ship that alfalfa back to droit saudi arabia. that is not good management. that is not fair for arizona. it is not arizona water for arizonans. the principle that used to guide what we are doing. there is so much that we can do however.

we need to make sure that we are supporting our farms and our ranches to make sure we are using part of the most efficiently with conservation we can help our homeowners, our developers use water much more efficiently. >> thank you for that response provokes my experience as an environmental attorney to do that. >> thank you. mr. ciscomani what is your stand on leasing state land overseas companies? is that something you would support a future? >> in the future? >> absolutely not. give other nations coming in, especially adversary nations like china buying up farmland like they do in latin, america that the huge danger and huge issue. we need to make sure is we apply innovation here. i met with the staff are farmers there and they implemented this drip irrigation. saving a huge amount of water for them over 40% savings into

another piece of land they have as well but that produces more egg and concerns the water. every time i visit the minds i'm impressed by the way their recycling water there as well. i keep going back to this why it is so important to be in the appropriations committee. i will defund a few projects i'm going to list them in terms of where money for water projects have gone. what's important is city of tucson and the air force base to irrigation. one point to for graham kelty 1.75 for tucson part 1.75 for miranda. 2.25 for the moran airport as well. 990,00014 stone on this years of budget were going to pass but we get back to washington. these are the investments i made using my in the appropriations committee should make short water issues are being prioritized here in our district at every level. it's got to be at every level that is why farm bureau has

endorsed me they trust what i'm pushing for here. i just met with them again, the whole group the national group. they stress the importance of this for they celebrated the water agreement i mentioned earlier with tribes and of course are happy with the way we have been representing farming industry. balancing it with the interest as well around the district. >> 30 seconds are quick to respond to that. >> real quick i would say i am glad to hear my opponent agrees with me the principle guiding us should be arizona water for arizonans. unfortunately that has not guided his past decision. it certainly has not guided the administration that he was a part of. on his watch in that administration we see the administration made a sweetheart deal with the state of arizona to come in here because we are wide open and unregulated. we need to stop that and manage

our water. >> thank you, ciscomani 30 seconds final response before blog to another issue. [laughter] i find it humorous for your given me a lot of credit. so in your book i killed the bipartisan deal all by myself. also in your theory i was able to shepherd a deal with saudi arabia for a water when i was with the administration and not sure how many have to think i was wearing during that time. for that ministration i the arizona print southern arizona relationships among the seven counties in the south for that was my responsibility for think of four nations owning our land or water rights that we have. >> thank you a thirty second response. we need to move on however. time is going quick i want to make sure you get as many issues and as possible. now into issued not just import here in arizona but across the entire nation. on abortion access next month. to stay in the states hand or

belong at the federal level? ms. engel will start with you. >> this is a top issue. when i go from door to door and talk to people they are really, really upset. here in arizona we almost at 1864 criminal abortion ban go into effect. every woman, every person has to have the freedom to make their own health care decisions. with their doctor, with their families and that is not what we have. when i go to congress i'm going to fight to protect reproductive healthcare. i am going to fight to restore the rights that we as women have the last 50 years in roe versus wade. my opponent is showing us where he is on this issue. we cannot trust him to protect her reproductive rights.

he repealed roe versus wade. he voted repeatedly have reproductive rights he voted to be strict access to fda approved medication abortion. very, very vital to women in the rural areas hispanic and latino women he has voted to restrict reproductive healthcare for the active service duty members. and imagine that. they're fighting for our freedom. we cannot give them the freedom to make their own health care decisions. my opponent has been extreme on this. and perhaps that should not surprise us. for years he was a board member of a christian nationalist far right organization. the patriot academy that is very clear about its views it. it rejects the separation of church and state. it believes in banning abortions

entirely. and this is what he comes from. he was part of this organization for 14 years until he ran for congress progress okay thank you the two minute time is up. your stance on if abortion should be a state or federal issue? oxo answer question directly. this is a state issue. this is absolutely a state issue. always has a state issue and the supreme court agreed with that and put back on the states. this is going be a very personal issue. it is a personal issue for a lot of people. i reject the extremes on this issue. i've been very clear of forests and on this. i reject the federal ban on abortion. i support the exceptions. for rape and incest in the life of the mother i support access to ivf or those whom to grow their families are able to do so. this is an issue again voters will decide on in november but we are going to respect the will

of the voters on this issue. and it's going to be a state decision like we have seen all across the country. that is again the position that i stood on for a long time since we started talking about this. and also the decision of the supreme court came down with. that is what we are living with. that is what we're going to abide to whatever the decision is come november progress you support a ban or limits on abortion? lexis is a healthcare decision. it is a personal decision of a woman and her doctor. i'm fortunate what we have seen as there are complications from pregnancy. there is no timetable. pregnancies can go bad at any point. wanted pregnancies and we have seen just devastating horrible situations. women have lost their lives.

two women in georgia we have been reading about, nicole, kandi, georgia has more exceptions in the state of arizona. and has an exception to protect the life of the mother did not save their lives they did not get the lifesaving care. they had complications. i am a woman, i've had complications. i've had miscarriages. this is not something we leave to politicians. last time i checked, you are not a doctor. i don't trust you with my healthcare i'm sorry, i don't trust you with my daughter's healthcare. we need to leave this to women and their doctors. it is too important. women are dying as a result of the lack of healthcare. we leave this to the woman and her doctor.

>> mr. ciscomani women to respond before we move on too. >> still no answer if this should be limits on this but that's part of the problem and i've been very clear i said here again exactly what my position is here on the issue. however when kirsten engel talks about this she uses these examples that are tragic stories that nobody likes to hear. including her own personal one i obviously feel for it we do not want to see anyone go through any of that. however we need to be clear on this issue. we need to understand exactly where we stand and define exactly where we stand on this. i was very also upfront about my criticism of 1860 the decision that came down by the 1864 lauper completely opposed it did not include the exceptions that we needed it was something and bring us back to one or 50 years ago. not where we are today on this. i've been very upfront and open about this issue. who can you not trust questioning someone who is not clear on the answers on the

questions you're providing here today. like kirsten engel progress one last term to respond do you support term limits? >> that's the wrong lens. this is healthcare for they are not timetables for the complications of pregnancy. we have to make sure it doctors are able to do what we asked doctors to do which is to save lives. we know these exceptions don't work. there are exceptions, exceptions, exceptions even exceptions for the life of the mother that will not necessarily save the mother because doctors may not give them their care as we have seen over and over again too. >> that's our time is running short i want to make sure both mention social security and medicare throughout this conversation but i want to make sure we touch on that spring those are often lifelines for seniors. especially important in this particular district. should these programs be protected? and if so how do you have not only keep these afloat but also

strengthen them for the future? mr. ciscomani if you like to start projects we cannot have cuts or changes on these programs. they need to be protected. they need to be solvent also to protect for our seniors. that is the priority i have. that is what we need to do with the government acts miraculously over spends money and changes in other priority that of course impacts the solvency. it makes a lot of our seniors nervous. also those who plan to retire one day which is quite frankly everyone. we need to make sure we protect medicare. that would protect social security for those that depend on it today. for those who havepaid their wae what they receive i'm sorry they have they earned on this. these are their resources. we cannot be fooling around with that and endangering this issue and making them nervous. when kirsten engel attacks on the old and tired of talking

points from the left republicans want to cut social security and want to cut medicare. these are the kind of things that make her seniors very nervous. because they don't want to see that pretty have their implants out there? even for my own side of the aisle presented on this issue there have been i have come out against them. i am on the site just subscribe to it over the party. i don't take direction from anyone in washington to take direction from the people in my district. they have suggested any kind of reduction or change on these programs that would endanger our senior benefits both in social security and medicare. i'll be judge of what i have put forward in their solvency as well of the government continues to spend the way they do and the

federal government they continue tax and tax and tax that endangers his or earned benefits to the financial security and health of our seniors. i have coffee with him every morning on his porch. i know how important medicare is to him and his conditions were social security is important him as well. these are not government handouts. these are earned benefits. take money out of every one of our paychecks. it goes to social security so we will have it when we are older. but, i am sorry. you have not been a supporter of the social security administration. the veterans administration or social security benefits.

this is already under funded underfundedprogram cutting up aa billion dollars decimates it. wants to raise the retirement age. it's a big cut in benefits. you say that you stand up to these organizations but why are you a member of it? and i am sorry you have not convince me you are able to send it to your party because she rejected the bipartisan border security deal when trump said let's trash it because we have to keep the border crisis. so that is the problem. you present yourself as a moderate. but you caved to the extremists in your party the extremists are driving the dysfunction. they are scaring the seniors because they are in control they will do these things and i

cannot trust you to stop these cuts that are going to affect people like my dad. >> one minute to respond. i'm not convinced because i'm not trying to convince him trying to convince my constituents. those that actually live in the district. you don't live in the districts are not one of our constituents. but here is the reality of it we look at organizations whatever plan they put forward i publicly come out against these plans we are on record of doing that. so let me make it clear i am not for raising the age. i am not for changing it. i'm not for making any cuts that's exactly what's put me at odds with some of these groups that i guess we belong to as a republican caucus. we debate ideas they put the plan out there and sometimes i agree with that, sometimes i don't sometimes i agree with part of evan clear on it. you either have to be all in our all out for there's no wiggle room there's nothing in the middle that would work. i present myself as someone who

is bipartisan it's not just my opinion i say again from my opening i was ranked the most bipartisan member in the as a freshman to have it track record. >> it's hard to believe it's time for opening statements already paid. >> of a quicker battle there? >> we don't have time. we'll do closing statement to youeach have one minute to keeps on time please stick to the wind minutes. mr. ciscomani you kick us off with one minute. >> owed to say trevor went home thank you so much as been an honor to have this conversation with you today. it's been an honor to represent you this entire time. in the two years i have been in it for i am an outsider put them .an outsider still in congress. politicians there did not understand what we are going there. i understand our community because i grew up here. i grew up at your school here, i graduated, and were raising my family this welcoming when my family and i integrated to the united states. so i just ask you to support --

i ask for your support in this election but i ask because i want to continue to work with you. we have a vision we cannot continue on this path. this path is not been working for your family has not been working for my family i can speak from experience. i want to thank you again for the support you gave us the shot you gave me this job the last two years and ask for your vote to do this two more years to continue to represent her interest in washington because washington politicians don't understand that the local politicians don't understand that either like my opponent kirsten engel. ask your vote. mr. engel at one minute your closing statement. >> gas than 30 days we have an election. early ballots are going out tomorrow. our framers were smart people. they said you could elect a member to the house every two years. that means if you do not like your current representative, you don't think they are doing the best job in representing your interest in washington d.c., you

can vote them out for you can vote in somebody you believe will be a better representative of your interest. i hope tonight that i have shown you that i am on your side and i will be a better representative, an independent thinker. someone who will fight for you in washington d.c. mr. ciscomani just said, he complemented me by saying i'm really out for what i believe in. and that is true. i am out for believing that you deserve your social security and your medicare. >> thank you we do have to wrap up now. that is all the time that we have for today's debate with the candidates for congressional districts six on behalf of our partners at clean elections arizona immediate

>> today, president barack obama will campaign r mala harris at a rally in pittsburgh. watch live on c-span, our free mobile app, and online at c-span.org. >> ethel kennedy, the widow of robert f kennedy, has died following complications from a stroke last week. armor president barack obama posted this picture in tribute. shows him awarding the presidential medal of freedom to ms. kennedy in 2014. cary kennedy, one of her children, annound e death in a statement that reads "it is with heavy hearts full olo that we announce the passing of our mother, angith her lifetime's work and social justice and human rights, our mother leaves behind nine children, 34 grandchildren, and 24 great-grandchildren." ethel kennedy was 96.

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on c-span two. now, officials from the treasury department, usaid, and the challenge corporation talk about the relationship between climate change policies and infrastructure resilience. from the center for strategic and international studies, this is about 90 minutes. >> we have a lively bunch with us in the room and many guests joining us online. some new and old friends i am

seeing in the audience. thank you. good morning or good afternoon, depending on your time zone. thank you all for joining us either in person or virtually to discuss the importance of applying a system approach to planning for u.s. government climate resilient infrastructure investments around the world. i'm noah monger, the director of csis. the initiative is focused on applying lenses of economic security, risk management, and investment to issues of climate change adaptation and resilience . vulnerable communities and countries around the world are already grappling with the effects of climate change, including extreme weather and associated stresses. this is true across the planet and in our own backyard, and our thoughts go out to everyone in florida contending with hurricane milton, and others still breathing and recovering in response to hurricane helene.

as efforts continue to rise in priority, making their way toward center stage and climate change discussion, a new resilience oriented economy is emerging, with the development of new investment asset classes, innovative approaches to insurance, and technology-enabled crime and information systems. these are just a few examples. to this new program, csis aims to better improve future approaches and clinical dialogues at the heart of united states decision-making on global engagement. i would like to say a few words about today's agenda. the events will be comprised of several parts. first, we will hear from the treasury assistant secretary latortue. and we will hold a panel discussion that i will introduce and moderate. following that discussion and the q and a with all of you, there will be a short networking reception outside this room. i welcome all of you who are here in person. let's begin with the first part. as assistant secretary alexia

leads international trade for the treasury department. she served as deputy ceo at the millennium challenge corporation. as a managing director at the european bank for reconstruction and development. as a financial inclusion leader at the world bank. as the distance the -- deputy assistant secretary for developing policy, which is where i first had the opportunity to work closely with her a decade ago when she led the action agenda on financing. we are incredibly excited to welcome her back to discuss the importance and relevance of climate resilient infrastructure in international development. please join me in welcoming assistant secretary latortue to the stage. [applause] ms. latortue: as i spent much of

last night trying to reach mike godmother, who lives in temple, florida, i was amended once again we live in a different world, and so we must -- we must do things differently. good morning. i thanks, -- my thanks, noam, to you, and to csis, for creating the space to put this together to talk about a vital issue. hurricanes milton and helene are a vivid and painful reminder of the importance of resilient infrastructure right here in the united states. these hurricanes force us to confront the immense destruction that extreme weather can bring. increasing frequency and severity of climate-related events. in the terrible cost -- human, material, and financial -- when we are caught unprepared. with more than half a hundred

lives lost in the aftermath of helene, i hope for a swift recovery of the communities. tragedies like these make clear what is at stake when we cannot or will not or do not prioritize resilience and adaptation. the importance of infrastructure is misunderstood. i will not belabor the point as others have stressed, it infrastructure is the lifeblood of an economy, enabling increases in productivity and the movement of goods and people. it is also the lifeblood of communities, enabling people to access basic services like water -- we will hear from mongolia soon -- cooling, and health services. it is a priority for countries around the world, including here in the united states. indeed, we have seen historic investments in infrastructure right here. and in emerging and developing countries that face a double whammy of an existing low stock of existing and for structure assets, coupled with many cases

of growing populations, infrastructure is vital to building a more prosperous, equal, and peaceful future. as i said, the world is changing. we do not need any old infrastructure. need infrastructure that is climate resilient, that is more than a collection of various assets -- a port here, a dam th ere. we need integrated climate resilient infrastructure systems at scale. i am really proud of the biden-harris administration commitment to an approach to boosting infrastructure development in emerging markets and in developing countries. at the g7 leaders summit in 2022, president biden, alongside his g7 counterparts, established the partnership for global infrastructure investment, or pgi. the goal is to mobilize $600 billion by 2027 to deliver quality sustainable infrastructure. the united states share is $200

billion, and we have already facilitated $60 billion of public and private capital toward that pledge. more than the numbers, what is special about pgi is that it was established in recognition that how we develop infrastructure matters. pgi is designed to offer low and middle income countries a comprehensive system -- transparent, value driven financing option for info structure development. in this effort, agencies across the usg, including usaid, my department, treasury -- work with like minded partners across government, the private sector, and multilateral development banks, in a way that i hope is aligned with the fabulous support we are launching today -- resilience at scale, the systems approach to climate resilient infrastructure planning. system-level thinking has been central to help pgi plans,

finances, and delivers infrastructure and associated development benefits. we prioritize a core door approach. i will describe that more in a minute -- to identify overlapping and synergistic projects in strategic and geographically linked areas. we also embedded in our thinking that infrastructure has purpose to improve health, to promote gender equality. let me explain the corridor approach for an example. for hurricane milton, president biden will be making historic trips. he will have visited a pgi priority corridor. pgi is making investments in rated -- rail and road infrastructure. and there is port infrastructure in angola. alongside these transport

corridors, pgi is also investing in grain storage, and processing hubs, recognizing the importance of boosting our productivity along the corridor, critical mineral refineries. it is not enough to extract the minerals. clean energy transmission and distribution projects. it gives us an opportunity to increase access to industry for small businesses and households, and connectivity around the rails, roads, and ports, to name a few examples. we have understood that we need to plan individual infrastructure assets in the context of a larger system. not only because it strengthens the economic case for those investments, but also because it enables the delivery of broad and deep development benefits for the governments, businesses, households, and communities that host the infrastructure. this systems approach to infrastructure development allows for cost-effective

deployment of public resources, encourages participation, and enables broad development impacts. this systems approach of course requires thinking about risks, including climate risks, across the whole system as well. we were collectively making good progress on building the resilience of individual assets -- say a building to earthquakes -- and feeling pretty good about it. that simply is not enough. as the resilience at scale report highlights so well, failure to have resilient systems can be disastrous. i quote from the report. the failure of one infrastructure component can trigger simultaneous failures or cascading collapse, with profound impact on communities and ecosystems. the good news is that the upside of a resilient systems approach is great.

reliability of infrastructure services improves. economic losses have reduced and cost-effectiveness increases. multiple assets can be protected at once. and progress on broader development goals can be supported. so what does it take to work differently? or is the report challenges, to work more smartly? first, all actors must embrace this new way of working, with urgency. this means all actors recognizing the importance of understanding, calculating, integrating, and planning for climate vulnerabilities and climate risks. all actors must embrace a systems report -- systems approach, working much more collaboratively. each actor needs to think beyond the one asset they are financing, or the one asset they are prioritizing. and yes, planning. we need much more investment,

thorough and smart infrastructure planning. this is not just about financing. it is about a mindset. it is about technical assistance. it is about know-how. we need much more financing for adaptation. ultimately, this requires countries taking control and ownership of their national infrastructure planning so they work with development partners, with the private sector. they're getting investment to help build and strengthen climate resilient infrastructure systems that align with their own priorities. the president's emergency plan for adaptation and resilience is a whole of government effort that fully embraces a holistic way of working. let me add a bit about treasury and what we are trying to do. let me start with financing. to meet the infrastructure requirements of emerging markets in a way that aligns with the goals of the paris agreement would require that these markets

secure annual investments of $1.6 trillion into energy transition and info structure technologies by the 20 30's. we know we cannot do this with public money alone. that is why secretary private -- secretary yellen has focused on capital preservation is a top priority. using scarce public dollars requires partnerships across government and the private sector. the renewed focus on the g20 could be quite helpful in this regard. partnerships across sectors require increased discipline around risk identification and sharing to determine models that work at scale. working hand in hand with the private sector has made clear how strong financial risk management is essential, including direct risks like climate hazards to unlock info

structure projects. and given the huge investment -- the infrastructure investment financing gap, we need every public and private dollar invested in climate impacts. countries can barely afford to build infrastructure, and they certainly cannot afford to rebuild and rebuild infrastructure. let me double-click on the role of the mpb's. in 2023, the climate finance commitments to low and no income countries reached a record high of about $75 billion, up from $60 billion in 2022. about 30% of that goes to adaptation. let me end with a point i often start with.

it is not about finance. development and private finance can only be effective resources for infrastructure systems in the presence of strong enabling environments. as the resilience at scale approach notes, beyond financial challenges, there are real critical institutional, policy, and technical requirements, planning for infrastructure resilience. we must also prioritize this work. in conclusion, i strongly believe that the u.s. government's toolkit to help countries bring climate resilient infrastructure systems at scale is robust and is diverse, and it is most effective when all parts of the toolkit work effectively together. usaid and others not on the

panel working in concert with the considerable investment the united states has in the multilateral development banks and the multilateral climate fund. at its core, the report leaves us with a simple message. work smarter. we could not have a better panel to help us understand how to take this very simple message into a very complex world. thank you very much. [applause] ms. latortue: thank you -- noam: thank you so much, alexia, the charge to work smarter. and thank you for raising the complexities of the challenges of financing and the challenges of the heightened level and necessity for collaboration. i would like to welcome our

panelists on stage, and please bear with us. we just have to move some things around on stage. these come on up, and we will begin. thanks. all right, thank you. for this part of the discussion, we are joined by four key leaders and each brings their own unique perspective to the topic. gillian caldwell is the u.s. agency for international development's chief clement officer and deputy administrator for the bureau for social security. she oversees the agency's climate and environmental work.

jonathan richards serves as the deputy vice president of the infrastructure, environment, and private sector division. as deputy vice president, he oversees the climate and blended finance work, in addition to several technical practices -- energy, water, transportation, vertical structures, and environmental and social performance. all are key to the issues of climate resistant infrastructure. we have the chief executive officer of the challenge account, mongolia. leading a water infrastructure project aiming to address water supply shortages through the construction of a large-scale wastewater recycling infrastructure, and capacity building measures. welcome. and rihanna is part of the leadership of mia moto

international, a global and structural risk reduction firm. and the president's emergency plan calls for action from the private sector in 2023. within her role, she adapts design strategies through asia, latin america, and the caribbean. welcome to you all. gillian, i want to begin with you. the emergency plan for adaptation -- your agency has been helping lead across the government about climate resilient infrastructure and systemic approaches, including this new report that alexia just mentioned. please tell us a little more. >> a little more on prepare. i think this report is a natural evolution. prepare is president biden's emergency plan for adaptation and resilience. it was launched at cop 26 in

glasgow and is a whole government response to recognizing adaptation and resilience require a really comprehensive approach. we have been very focused on advancing climate related systems, the kind of information that the people in the south of this country benefited from in the lead up to these recent hurricanes. mainstreaming resilience is a consideration across shaping all budget design in governments worldwide. and this gives the kind of gaps that alexia spoke to. so proud to have you come up mia moto, on stage, and others in the audience, responding to this call for action, which is leveraged $3 billion in commitment in 39 countries around the world.

there is this interagency coordination. i'm really proud that we worked with partners at the u.s. army corps of engineers and the international development corporation to shape this new report, which i think alexia did such a fantastic job of describing. we have to get beyond the sum of our parts, and think really collectively about what it means to design resilient infrastructure. for example, you could build a bridge which is designed to withstand flooding, if you have not considered the underlying floodplain management -- no amount of infrastructure is going to resolve that problem. i remember sitting there with the president of pakistan and his cabinet, and former special envoy terry. they said the flooding in that country was biblical in proportion.

one third of the country underwater. what was left standing were usaid schools that served as emergency shelters and points of contact for people in the context of the tremendous disaster. looking at the video streaming and from hurricanes on our own shores, you can see that a well-built building surrounded by roads that are completely impassable does us no good, because you cannot get to the people inside the building who like food and water. i think thinking comprehensively about these issues is not just about the great infrastructure -- the concrete -- but the green infrastructure, how we ensure that solutions are really doing their job to protect our environment. in the policy environment that surrounds those investments which can really catalyze further investments and make for better and more thoughtful infrastructure, or leave all

that opportunity untended. noam: thank you. jonathan, let me bring you into fill in the picture of more. >> thank you. let me just say thank you to noam, and thank you for hosting the event today. big thank you to galeon and u.s. iv -- gillian and usaid. i also want to acknowledge her colleagues from noaa, the army corps of engineers, who are not on in terms of maybe some background on the infrastructure working group, we had the pleasure to koa chair the working group. and this was established upped the prepared initiative that has been highlighted today and has worked together and has been three years of sitting down hashing out how one can build on

each of the agency's efforts to better respond to climate impacts and u.s. investments are more resilient and provides critical services to communities and achieve a higher rate of economic return. it's probably worth underscoring how this group wanted to come out with something actionable and concrete. nevertheless, we have arrived there. and the working group came out with key recommendations and talked about how we can address a critical gap in terms of how infrastructure investments are made. specifically as others noted, we need to shift away from the asset-based approach and making sure that the system as a whole is working together, if you have a school or waste water treatment plant are still viable. over the last several years,

they had this interagency process pulling in actors and others to develop a proposition and best practice guide. this involves a lot of research and interviews with global leaders and we had an in-depth work shop how can we work together to move the needle on this critical issue. the events are here today and this report which you can access the code on your seats, this is the culmination of the work group's work and bottom line it is articulated and road map and resilience results in greater resilience and lower costs. so i won't dwell on those linkages. it is very critical.

but i will say we are pleased to stand along side all of the others who made a commitment as a system in our program and shout out to usaid, army corps of engineers. what does it mean? for those who know that, we have a fairly unique development model and provide large-scale grants and important investments in low and middle-income countries that are targeted to unlock constraints of economic growth and poverty. our grants are $350 million going into a single country and infrastructure investment is a big part of that. reliable infrastructure is critical for economic growth. in fact, since m.c.c.'s establishment in 2004 we invested 16 billion in 47

different low and middle-income countries arranging for energy, agriculture, transport, schools, health centers. and the need for global investment and infrastructure is huge. the financing gap is expected to grow to $15 trillion and some estimates are greater. at the same time, climate change is threatening all of that and communities, rising sea levels, more floods, shifting patterns of drought. and seeing it in the u.s. but other countries are less able to afford the measures and steps that need to be taken to deal with that. so i think i'll end here with a couple of examples of what it looks like and i want to underscore the point that our partner countries are on the front lines and our experience

has shown this already taking resilience is critical and our countries also see this. and you'll hear from the leader of the mongolian compact and taking an approach has been fundamental to ensure that water is provided, safe and reliable drinking water is provided to the capital city. in addition, our 649 million compact in indonesia of how to take a systems approach in our newer programs. the indonesia compact includes a project that invests in the institutional infrastructure to plan and invest in infrastructure systems. this focuses on equipping five provincial governments and

planning and infrastructure and helping the governments develop road maps and prioritize infrastructure development based on the system analysis and bringing funds to the table to actually develop those products that are put forward by the indonesian government and bring our grant dollars and bring in private sector financing. lastly, on the mozambique, $500 million program. m.c.c. and the governor recognized earlier on the increased frequency and intensity of storms and the risk that climate changes affects. cyclone freddie was the longest lasting cyclone in the world. it hit once and twice. we developed a system of load investments that looked at the

network as a whole and incorporated arrangements for operations and included $200 million to replace a bridge over the river if you go on the bridge, the storm comes in, the water is almost overtopling it. so bringing this -- and good example to ensure that that transport link is maintained. that is a lot. and turn it back to you. >> it's good to begin to context you lies and what it can look like. and we have an wonderful opportunity to do just that. we are happy to have you here in washington and tell us about the work inmon goala and how it --

in mongolia. >> mongolia is one of the most water stressed countries in the world and climate change is a major factor to this because mongolia is affected by climate change. the average temperature in mongolia increased by one of the highest in the world. and 70% of our land is affected. this is from rural to urban areas and over 1.6 million people and over half reside in a single city, our capital. in addition, it is home to 2/3 of all the -- [indiscernible] so i think all this highlights

critical infrastructure such as power and water supply in improving this in the face of the climate change. back in 2016, joint u.s.-mongolian study identify water shortage as one of the constraints. and studies from mid-20 20's faced a water supply shortage. it works to preemptively to this is will increase the water supply about 80%. so we are implementation of investment activities. [indiscernible] we are constructing wells that will unleash ground water for residential use.

and building state of the art advanced pure fix that will purify the water. [indiscernible] so around this time next year when they come on-line will have doubling the current water supply. i want to highlight these new fields are constructed under a heavily industrialized area where for decades waste water has been dumped into the area. we are eliminating these constraints and to create economic value and enhance the quality of life of our people. so in addition to the 55 million cubic meters of water, 23

million is used for heat and power generation, which is we are the coldest capital in the world. the waste water activation activities is aimed to decrease the fresh water demand by using waste water. the waste water that we are building under the compact will treat somest effluent and will create up to 18 million out of the 20 million cubic meters of fresh water with recycled waste water. mongolia will be able to save $38 billion worth of fresh water each year. mongolia will have a brand new water source in the form of

waste water and will be able for the first time to consciously and deliver and implement water supply and management. this is part of the puzzle. so basically, in short, what this activity needs to do is strengthen the capacity of its institutional, operational and human resources capacity of water utilities to properly operate and maintain. and second, it introduces a sound and self-sustaining framework to unable cost recovery. and third, it is undertaking actions to increase -- to improve water governors for years to come and unable the -- enable to continuities

commitment. i think the mongolia water compact is an approach towards aid that can really help urban areas in the face of climate change. >> thank you so much. it pains a specific picture of coming together using waste water instead of potable in the coldest call of the world and reversing what you had seen as the trend which is the water shortages. thank you for sharing that example. how does the private sector led to the approach described? and what are the advantages and challenges of taking the systems approach that we are all seeking pleasure to be here with a

distinguished panel and thank you for organizing this and we are part of the call for action and get chance to dive into. and tell you about the work. and the work we do before diving into the specific question. we have the global engineering firm with a humanitarian focus and work under management response. we tackle from the disaster management and response cycle. to relief, construction and that is a long-term development side. and part of a company that has this. we have about 75 years of experience, 20-plus offices around the global and we are a multi disciplinary team to

tackle housing, community engagement. so back to infrastructure and let's say more -- i think we talk about infrastructure resilience and system-based resilience. ultimately, we are about empowering communities and building long-term sustainability and that requires a holistic approach. that will and some of the points that have been made by the panelists. we like to call or say that we focus on what we call a three-way approach. this means the first is really looking at multiple dynamics. there is a dependency on

different dynamics and need to understand those, from growth to energy and networks and public spaces to connect activity. we need to understand how they come together and what their relationships and dependencies as well as lack of dependencies. the success of the physical infrastructure of roads and drain age. can we protect those that allow that. if we focus on one, building flood barriers that might solve one solution but brings about a lack of diversity or service to another. we have to think about this. if we don't think of local governance and settlements might be left out of the solutions and some of the social and economic

diversity we are seeing. this idea of engaging in multiple dynamics is the first. the second is resilience is linked. we have to look at the scale of the infrastructure to the neighborhood, to the larger kind of city and regional approach. again, we might be looking at a house and raising that house so the flood levels won't affect it and how we can interact with different green corridors and allow that water to happen. we might be looking at restoring some of the wetlands and looking at as an overall network system and supporting the ecosystem. we have to look at these multiple scales as we approach

those. and the third really multi hazard. and it's ease for us but it is compounding it and we have to look at them together and it's not just about making it which used to be our bread and butter and through the last 15 years. there is also floods, drought, erosion, climate change and becoming more and more relevant and alarming as well. so we have to start tackling those all together. those are the three for the resilience. second is really how do we equip our team and the resources to be able to provide action around us. and i will say we will need to

create multi disciplinary teams that work in multi disciplinary fashion. and we have to get beyond our silo approach and have these discussions. i'm a clear example of that. i'm an architect by trade but we work with architects with nature-based solutions and even biologiesists trying to seek this knowledge and integrate it together. and the third point i want to stress overall is we need local actions and i'm so excited to be with my colleagues here but we need local action, promote local leadership and you know we have 20 different offices and led by local staffs. one clear example is haiti.

that office is still running and when we don't have an office, the importance of partnering with local partners and bring that knowledge and want to understand the local governance and can support in a much more grounded perspective of wall that can mean in that complex. and enhancing the channels through knowledge exchange and seeking to create not just around the building but a solid understanding around resilience where we can be alined with a system-based approach to tackle the challenges that we face. >> wonderful to have different perspectives on this central issue. having deliberated on the systems approach with experts

inside and outside the u.s. government and having developed this resilience at scale report that articulates the different considerations we are hearing articulated and stakeholders can take. what needs to happen next. what will other agencies do to fulfill this approach that has been articulated? >> well, i think it really underscores the need for more planning and coordination first and foremost which may not always be popular to move with the demands on the grouped being what they are. but sometimes you have to move slowly to move more quickly. take for example, the philippines, you talk about

intracorporate coordination. 30 different federal agencies engaged in thinking through various equities when it comes to water management. that represents the kind of thinking you want but it could be a recipe for disaster without appropriate coordinations. usaid created a water management authority and synthesize the work and mandates going forward. that is critically necessary and making sure you are doing the comprehensive vulnerability and risk assessments that goes beyond the individual in the infrastructure you are developing. and think about the surrounding ecosystem both in the ecosystem infrastructure and the natural environment. going back to planning, engage

the stakeholders, civil society, local communities, the government, making sure those conversations are had because everyone has a piece of the puzzle and need a unifying and comprehensive way forward. and this is what makes the investment so challenging where infrastructure is concerned. we need to think about the life cycle cost. people think in terms of the upfront cost rather than thinking about how those extra efforts you make to extend the life of that infrastructure by decades, saving you money and helping you on the increase of possibility. when it comes to the private sector, so much of the prepared to action and call to usaid has been setting the stage.

what can we do to derisk those investments. can they bring risk insurance to the table. are there guarantees available. you don't want to displace private capital where it is moving already, where infrastructure is concerned, we have an enormous gap and need to bring the private sector more fully into the terrain. those are the nings that i would mention and one more point on policy and coming in as donor governments with projects valid at hundreds of millions of dollars, taking the opportunity to think with the government about the enabling policy government is necessary, we do need that public investment. in cases where the state and national governments have the

capacity to levy appropriate taxes understanding there may be limitations for the co-investments that are so necessary to think about green roofs and storm water management, it creates an environment that will be conducive to the kind of investment we need. >> it expands on the point about the remarks about enabling environment. jonathan, i want to turn to you, from your perspective, how do you expect this more systemic approach, your agency is embracing, is that going to -- you brought? the example of indonesia and mozambique. how are they going to develop

that? >> that's a key question. i give good examples and going forward and it is fair to say we are still working on it and work in progress. as i reflect on that broader question of now what, what does it mean, i highlight through core areas. and each of them touch some what m.c.c. does in all of its work. when we start our engagement with a country, we do a series of analyses. we do economic analyses saying what the constraints to growth, what are the constraints and opportunities. we started doing natural capital and climate vulnerabilities. what is the picture and target our interventions to address it. we have been weaving climate

into that and our constraints. but what i think is different now as we look forward is this system lens. we really have been more asset-focused. and there are good examples where we haven't. that is where we are going than where we have been. as we look to that path going forward, we are going to see us being more deliberate in active planning and master planning that gets at the system and not bringing in the climate resilience. and part of that is recognizing that the countries where we work often don't have master plans. they are limited, dated and much of them don't take climate into account. as we go through that process, i think we may well see some differences in what our programs look like. maybe there is a different piece of the infrastructure system

that needs addressing than others. the second piece i want to hit on has been touched on, the policy institution national reforms and something that has been very central to all of our m.c.c.'s work. we go in and look at what policy and regulatory reforms are critical and necessary for our interventions of our program and then we build that into our package of investments. as we look forward bringing in this climate in systems resilience lens, we are going to be more deliberate in bringing that into the conversation of institutional policy reforms and do that kind of planning and master planning on their own and given the tools to prioritize and develop infrastructure systems. the third that i'll mention is

coming back to weighing the cost and benefits and this is a central piece that m.c.c. does. we do a cost benefit analysis and say given the sector, where do we get the most out of our grant dollars and what are the constraints and how do we achieve a solid rate of return for our returns. we have been looking at systems as part of that exercise but not the climate resilience component of it. as we do the cost benefits, different costs to bring into that calculus but what are the benefits, what are the been tits of giving it back to the life cycle cost and put some additional funding up front and have a much greater impact on infrastructure in the longer term. and the last piece, the private sector is really key.

this is a big push. we have grant money that many others do not and we really push and work hard to leverage that to cat lies investment. and we do it in the climate space. but as we bring the infrastructure, doing it in a wayinfrastructure, do it in a wy that reinforces resilience, i think is going to be very important and shape whatever programs will look like going forward. >> on that third point, and terms of the cost-benefit analysis, i imagine it complicates the analysis when you start to take into account as opposed to just say it -- historical data to think about some of the benefits or costs. you talked about it, in terms of the forecasting of water shortages, in the case of mongolia. how does that factor into your cost calculus -- that would factor into your cost calculus i

would imagine. looking back on the planning and design for mongolia's water compact, are there elements who may have benefited even more from a more systemic approach and how do you build on what you are already carrying out, to connect your work to other parts of the infrastructure network that exists in the r across the country? -- in the capital or across the country? >> i do believe, that some components such as the -- actions, they are equally important as the physical assets of the building, especially in terms of ensuring the long-term sustainability of the compact investments. which i think honestly otherwise might have been challenging for the government to prioritize.

for instance, as we near the end of the compact, government is working to update existing regulatory frameworks that they have to introduce new dimensions on recycled wastewater use. they are aiming to expand recycled water use beyond power and heat generation, to other sectors as well. they are also planning to introduce financial incentives to further encourage water reuse instead of using fresh for industrial purposes, which i think is extremely important.

another example is the government does also plan to build on the outcome of the compact to address certain challenges. such as air pollution, which is ranked worst in the world, and also traffic and so on. -- detailed studies to provide these settlement areas, so i think these are examples of what the government is doing to work beyond the compact. >> absolutely. in what ways is this more systemic approach on the part of u.s. government agencies and other donors and stakeholders, has an impact on what mia moto

is trying to do or even what mia moto is trying to do through its commitment through to call -- through the call to action? >> let me tell you about what we are doing. i will take a step back and then jump to how a more systemic approach can help propagate leadership in the call for action, and really being a catalyst for us and catalyzing and enabling -- to be more -- one of the key pillars of the prepare contract is the effect of knowledge generation and addressing critical knowledge gaps and that is what we are doing. we are bringing technical expertise to try and fill in what we see. our focus has been on climate

resilience, housing in particular but we have noticed there are a lot of guidelines and quite a bit of work focusing on infrastructure. not necessarily on housing. even for governments or multilaterals, to have a very easy -- i don't necessarily want to call it a guide to but a very easy reference tool to understand what other solutions can be that can be developed and be relevant to specific contexts. we are ultimately consolidating retrofit guides for climate resilient housing and communities and we have launched an open source challenge to crowd source, to consolidate different case studies for organizations to form an informal coalition where we can showcase some of the solutions on housing and climate resilience and community resilience.

that repository should be live soon, it will allow us to come together, for organizations to create more knowledge exchanges, so again, back to having more system based approaches and that will help us move forward in creating this coalition by allowing these discussions to be had by creating these bridges with other organizations in creating awareness for stakeholders. in the implementation and operational sense and the projects we address is creating that awareness for the different stakeholders and sometimes local mia's abilities, to emphasize over them to understand the importance. having the backing of -- and having contracts like prepare allow us to move forward in a much more efficient manner, being able to back up what we are saying and being able to partner with other organizations.

>> i have probably 10 more questions i would like to ask but then i will pick one and then i'm also going to invite the audience to think about your questions for our panel of experts. this is a question for all of you, from your different perspectives. why is it important for american people and businesses, that the u.s. government is actively trying to pursue more systemic approaches to climate resistant infrastructure? how might you answer that, if a member of congress asked that question, what is the answer to that from your own vantage point? anybody want to jump in? who is having thoughts? >> obviously, in the world we are facing today, with climate,

horrible conflict we are seeing in places like the middle east, ukraine, just reinforces the importance of ally ship and strong relationships with partners on the ground. the u.s. government is really striving to be a partner of choice, when it comes to these countries, low and middle income countries, to provide the kind of intellectual partnership, the funding and the long-term thinking that we need, to ensure that stability and growth of the economy. we are also doing work that sets the stage for u.s. private sector growth and development. when it comes to supporting countries transitioning to renewable energy, one of our

signature interventions is shaping free, fair and transparent options for energy, that u.s. energy developers can bid on, to ensure these governments are getting a fair and predictable price over time, to build up that renewable energy infrastructure, and u.s. businesses are able to compete fairly in the context of those options. that is one of many examples where u.s. businesses, u.s. employees and the u.s. economy benefits from the partnerships we are talking about. >> thank you. >> just to complement what killian noted -- what gillian noted, we are economically a very interdependent world. i don't think everyone realizes that we haul -- but we all experienced during the covid pandemic what happens when supply chains break down, whether you are talking about

global food production, manufacturing, transport, shipping of goods, when infrastructure breaks down in one other part of the world, it has a knock on effect in other parts of the world. prices go up, availability goes down. there is a value in the u.s. investing in the things we are talking about, in terms of resilient infrastructure. when a system goes down, people overseas don't have access to basic services like education and power. perhaps sometimes it is considered abstract but it can get very real very fast. >> interdependence goes both ways. i was just reading yesterday about how last week's storm and this week's storm, hitting the southeast of the u.s. have affected 85% of domestic supply of iv fluids. just by chance of where those

industries and factories sit in the u.s. and we are having to look externally at attentional sources, to help people dealing with illness. >> i think the u.s. is one of the leading sources of humanitarian aid and as we see more and more extreme weather events, growing in frequency and intensity, the price tag for that kind of aid continues to go up. another partner in the prepare call to action said that for every one dollar, prepping one dollar, and that preparedness in that resilience, you save $13. six dollars in damage and cleanup and seven dollars in knock on economic benefits. it is not only being smarter about how you invest those public dollars. >> do you have something to add? >> i think my answer to this

question would be briefer. mongolians have a saying that a gift is a true gift when both the receiving and giving parties are happy. i think a systemic approach, basically u.s. taxpayer funds are spent on meaningful projects that truly make a difference in parts of the country and the people in that country. at the same time, these infrastructure projects, these investments are able to withstand challenges. four challenges presented by climate change, and also at the same time, they achieve foreign policy objectives for priorities both countries have. >> anything to add? >> i will put on my private sector hat and say that it supports businesses and local businesses to be able to export services.

but also allows and fosters the exchange that we can have around technical capacity and economics . it is a win win. >> let me turn to the audience, someone will come around with a mic. please raise your hand to indicate you have a question. we will also take this gentleman on the others of the room. always good to get exercise as you are running mics around the room. >> good morning everyone and thank you to the panelists. just one quick question that i have, i am curious to learn how your organizations are thinking about innovation and algae and what is that role when it comes to climate resilience infrastructure. >> thank you for the question. this gentleman on the others of the room had a question and we

will take those questions together. >> hello. i wanted to harken back to -- that was the core door analogy and i'm thinking of when you walk in, there were something at the forefront of building out this approach and what is it and i haven't heard much about -- being at the forefront and i wanted to hear more about it from each organization. thank you so much. >> two great questions, covering different topics on innovation and technology, also equity and justice. we don't have to go on any particular order, but if someone has a thought on either of those questions, please jump in. who wants to go first? >> i am happy to start.

maybe just a couple of thoughts and i appreciate the question of innovation and technology. this is something that we are also increasingly thinking a lot about and how we can do a better job of bringing that into our program, how you leverage and bring in that expertise in the private sector and we also talk about the private sector being a source of money, but it is not just money, it is expertise. certainly we talk about technology, we have a growing push on digital and digital technologies, but also across the board whether we are looking at agriculture or looking at more advanced irrigation technologies, working in the power sector, and technologies for managing and ensuring the power, we are trying to be deliberate in terms of how we build that into our programs and provide opportunities, often through finance tools like matching grants or ways to bring

the private sector into the market that they might not otherwise go into. we have also been working closely with the small business administration, trying to develop with them, to tap into areas technologies that are incubated by the u.s. government. very cutting edge ways, trying to formally bring those into our programs as well. i will be honest, it is not always an easy thing to do, given our timelines but definitely something it is top of mind. >> let me just speak to equity because that is such a core value for you and absolutely central to our climate strategies and one of the core underlying principles. concretely, it means we have committed to investing in indigenous people in local communities and especially when you think about the climate

crisis, it is so fundamental to recognize that indigenous communities steward a majority of the carbon landscape. study after study demonstrates they do so better than others even in the context of management. these are communities that are not just not too often neglected or overwritten in the context of development projects, but in many cases, actively persecuted, many indigenous leaders are assassinated for their efforts to protect their lands and way of life. indigenous people and local communities are fundamental. women and other disadvantaged groups are complete fundamental. if you want to be sustainable in your development solutions, you must ensure that women are at the table in terms of shaping. that is what ensures the stick to it if this -- stick to

it-iveness. the usa is under a broader banner of localization, a commitment to quadruple our investments in locally based organizations and to ensure that at least half of our investments by 2025 are shaped and led by those local organizations and it is not a secret that an organization like usa and a lot of the bilateral agencies, the investments tend to go to larger multinational organizations. that makes sense because of course we are thinking about stewarding vass sums of money. project design requirements, but at the same time, what can we do to streamline some of the approaches while ensuring the responsible at the to steward those public resources carefully, because smart

strategic sustainable development requires the inclusion of local partners. >> just briefly, i would be remiss if i didn't put in a plug for mcc's recently released gender and social inclusion policy. i talk about things that are fundamental to mcc and we look at equity and social inclusion, this is something we've hit on since the beginning and continue to grow and deepen. it is critical to make sure that when we are investing that -- in the types of programs we are investing in, at the end of the day it is about people and we are talking about ensuring that women benefit, the disadvantaged groups, that is the way we are approaching it and it is central to what we do. >> a couple points, the first one on rnd, very interested in making our work more efficient.

facilitating the services that provide. we are partnering with other organizations. we use a lot of the satellite imagery to allow us to report. it is very difficult to get in because it is life-threatening at that point, so we use these live imagery to get a better sense of what the movements are happening in a structure space, so that is one, partnering with other organizations that already have technology we can use to help. the other one is of course, trying to -- especially looking at these multiple dynamics, multiple scale, looking at technology to help us quantify a lot of what we are doing, quantifying benefits but also the interests of the partner organization. being able to layer these

different layers around trying to prioritize where in a city, we have to put more emphasis, it's put in that population density, let's put in the different hazards map, where is the critical infrastructure, and let's have all of these together and using technology allows us to quantify that very clearly, where we can automatically start seeing the prioritization of different areas and allows us to prioritize actions. always actively seeking new partnerships and new types of technology that can make our work more efficient. in terms of equity, that is such a great question. ultimately a lot of the work we do is informal settlements. areas that are more badly hit, by climate change and other disasters, so the work we do is on the co-creation side.

in part because it allows us to bring all of these different voices that need to be there, so that we can have the inclusivity , more accessibility in the discussion, but also for the local governance aspect. these are areas where the government isn't necessarily present, where they won't necessarily be able to come in and maintain infrastructure, and there is a very -- in being able to cook create with the community to empower the community and create local strategies or enhance local governance strategies so that maintenance and operations can happen in the long run. ultimately what we don't want to happen is support and intervention that collapses because it is not appropriated and not necessarily being able to be maintained, so i think being able to have those

discussions, the platform to be able to co-create when possible. >> thank you for that question, both of those questions because i think either one could have a whole session to dig into them. when i think about rnd for example, i think about different types of research and development on construction, new challenges, but i also think about observing, remote-sensing data and the ability of ai to enhance analysis, to provide better climate information services that local businesses around the world really need and farmers need, to be more resilient. there is a lot that is happening in this space. let's turn to one last question and then we will wrap up. i saw this hand go up first. we will take you, and i apologize to those others but this'll be the last question. we do have a reception afterwards, so you will have time to chat more about this. please are member to introduce yourself.

-- please remember to introduce yourself. >> thank you to the panelists. my name is rachel law, i am incoming as a fellow at usaid. my question is, a lot of these larger infrastructure projects can be quite contentious, especially internationally and in communities that have been continuously hurt by the exacerbation of climate impacts. my question is, what kind of social engineering work is being done to support the infrastructure design being done , the necessary support that needs to come from communities and the engineering and design work being done?

>> thank you for the question and welcome to your first day. this is a great question for us to sort of wrap into, as well as we go across our panel. i think i will add to it, that we've talked about the system's more holistic approach that requires a whole level change in terms of collaboration, which to your point can something -- sometimes slow things down but also makes it better over the long term. i think the question also connects to that in terms of focusing on the social support needed to ensure sustainability and success of climate resilient infrastructure. how do we get there, and we have the tools that we need? we need to invest differently to do this better, to do what our questioner is asking?

limit go down the line, and we will wrap -- let me go down the line, and we will wrap up that way. >> -- so that your investments are really meeting the needs of communities. going back to the bridge i started with the floodplain surrounding it, is there a bicycle lane necessary to reduce vehicular traffic and emissions? what about roadside stands for shopkeepers who are actually trying to sell their goods along the road? how are we going to address air pollution, and the sustainability of that infrastructure? for the people in the floodplain, how do we think about their -- that they depend on to survive, as well as their ability to farm and fish in the area? looking at all of the assets and

physical assets, as a system that is deeply interrelated, and that connects to people in nature and needs to be informed by people in their perspective as well as nature and its needs. >> i think that speaks to the entered interdisciplinary approach, which gets to the social side of these heart infrastructure projects. >> maybe a few thoughts, thinking about where to go from here and how to make this work and maybe first is to touch directly at the question. i feel like i have said a number of times that something that is fundamental to mcc is what we call country ownership. that is something that is essential in everything we do. we do it in partnership with our partner countries. that starts at the very

beginning when we talk about what are the needs. highly engaged at every level of national government, we start shaping what the actual investment is. our programs, they are developed by our industry partners, and they are the ones that implement them and do them. i think that helps ensure that the stuff we support is owned and supported. going back to your bigger question, we touched on coordination. i think you'll even see in the commitments we've made about sharing information and new data and tools, i think that is all relevant here, and i spoke a lot about the working group and the government coordination, but it's got to be broader than that. it is bringing in the private sector, bringing in ngo's, insurance industries on the front lines of climate change.

they've got the map, the statistics. we are working with noa with some of the best climate data. developing data, sharing data, looking at different tools and approaches. i have no doubt we will continue to grapple with that, but we also want to learn from others and then maybe just a final point, we've also touched on this, but financing. i think it is very clear, we have tried to make the case that an investment upfront in resilient infrastructure pays dividends in the lifecycle. generally speaking, it costs more on the front end and how do you mobilize those funds? it'll be a combination of private sector and government donors, etc. >> i just want to echo jonathan's statement here in terms of country ownership and enrollment by the partner country. we started on compact

development. what projects to implement, at all levels by the government and not only the government, the private sector, the experts, the practitioners, this kind of extensive dialogue to ensure that the country actually owns the project and stays responsible through them mentation. coordination and collaboration, i could not agree more. most of the countries, if not all that partner with donors are developing countries. it is common for these countries to lack necessary expertise and resources to effectively execute these projects and ensure their long-term sustainability. i think these are the types of collaborations and coordinations between stakeholders although

they may have different agendas or priorities, but they will coordinate effectively toward the same goal and it can make a mile of difference. >> i will just compliment by saying there are variant -- there is various frameworks and it is not necessarily about rehab -- reinventing the wheel. a lot of the multilateral's has a wonderful resource. where we see the challenge is from that discourse and the conceptualization to the actual implementation on the ground and many times, this also happens because of existing funding issues, where funding is still very much coming in silos. also in terms of the actual

implementation, where we see the silo approach or a different type of institutional framework that doesn't necessarily allow this interdisciplinary approach for the coordination. one of the emphasis we need to place from a policy perspective is how to start bridging some of these gaps. one other point i wanted to make on r&d, we are going back to understanding and leveraging and supporting much more on the -- side, expanding construction, sustainable materials and technologies that for so long got ignored because -- again, echoes back to equity and community. i just wanted to stress that point and i will finalize by

saying that the need is so great. obviously financing is a critical component of it, but this is a compounding challenge, it is a humanitarian crisis, and globally speaking and what we see is that it does demand a new approach to how we are developing infrastructure, how we are thinking about infrastructure, but also on the private sector side, we need more purpose driven private sector engagement, so it is not just on the financing but leveraging what you can do and how we can work together on this. >> well thank you. this has been a tremendous discussion, and it is built upon tremendous work, including the report by various agencies of the u.s. government led by mcc. i want to thank our expert panelists, and i want to make sure i also think madeline mclean from my team who is in

the room, and our conferencing and audio and visual support teams for putting this together and they also want to thank some colleagues from the u.s. government side as well. this wouldn't have happened without tremendous cooperation. [applause] thank you for your continued leadership on the set of issues and climate resigned infrastructure issues. we hope to have many of you join us here again, two weeks from today. we are going to host a senior climate advisor to president biden, as well as the brazil secretary and ambassador and a fellow lineup of double leaders on the margins of the bank imf meetings and cup 29 and upcoming g20 meetings.

i want to close this out and invite all of you here in the room, close out our live stream and then invite you here in the room to join us for a reception just outside this room, but i also want to make sure to invite some others from the u.s. government. there are a whole host of leaders across the u.s. government on the president's emergency plan for adaptation and resilience and i would like to welcome you up on stage for a group photo and then we will join everyone for the reception. thank you. [applause]

>> later today, former president barack obama will campaign for vice president harris at a rally in pittsburgh. watch live sorting at 7:00 eastern on c-span, c-span now and online at c-span.org. >> c-span's washington journal

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c-span now, your front row seat to washington anytime, anywhere. >> next, an update from president biden on the federal response to hurricane milton which made landfall in florida as a category three storm. following his remarks, president biden was asked about misinformation related to recovery and whether congress should reconvene to approve emergency spending legislation. this is about 10 minutes. pres. biden: good afternoon. i will be brief. last night, hurricane milton made landfall on the north coast of florida. hurricane wind, heavy rain, including 10 to 20 inches of rain in the tampa area overnight. storm surge measurements are still being taken, but 30

tornadoes ripped through 13 counties. four deaths reported so far. no true accounting of the damage though. we know lifesaving measures did make a difference. more than 80,000 people followed orders for safety or shelter last night and we had search-and-rescue teams at the ready for any calls for help this morning. there are still very dangerous conditions in the state and people should be way to be given the all clear by their leaders before they go out. we know from previous hurricanes as is often the case, the more lives -- that more lives are lost in the days after he storm than during the storm. vice president harris and i have been in constant contact with state and local officials and we are -- and we are offering everything they need. i must have spoken to between 10 and 15 mayors and county

executives and all the governors. starting this morning, we are getting direct assessments from the storm from fema, also florida governor desantis. the vice president and i just convened a meeting this morning with the leaders of the department of homeland security, the department of defense, including northcom commander who is responsible for providing defense for civilian authorities and that is apparently going very well, as well as from the coast guard and from fema ammo we have received reports. folks know what the american military can do like no one else can, provide emergency support for folks in need and were acquired by the governor in the affective states. i've spoken to all of the governors today. how we can be ready to go in an instant when the call comes.

at my direction, the defense secretary has provided a range of capabilities both for florida for hurricane milton as well as the states impacted by hurricane helene. more capabilities are available as we assess pressing needs. to the servicemen and women on the ground responding to this disaster, thank you. thank you for your professionalism, your dedication and every mission you are given, this is a whole government effort. it also includes the department of energy, the department of transportation, the department of health and human services, and the department of housing and urban development providing mortgage relief for impacted homeowners. fema has opened disaster recovery centers all across impacted communities right away, so there is one stop residence can go to, to learn about support they might need and that'll be advertised. 3 million people are without power.

more than 40 million powerline workers have come from around the country, from canada to florida, to restore power across the state. in addition, the federal aviation has authorized florida power and light to fly large drones before other manned aircraft can get up in the sky, to quickly assist -- assess the damage so ground crews can restore power as quickly as possible. the coast guard and the army corps of engineers are assessing how fast they can reopen the port of tampa to get fuel, food, water and other basics flowing into the area again. additionally, vice president harris and i said yesterday and we will say it again, anyone who seeks to take advantage of our fellow americans, whether you are a company engaging in price gouging or a citizen trying to scam your neighbors, we will go after you and we will hold you accountable. not only that, our fellow americans are putting their

lives on the line to do this dangerous work. some have received death threats as a result of reckless or irresponsible disinformation or outright lies. those who engage in such lies are undermining confidence in the rescue and recovery work that is opening an ongoing. these lies are harmful to those who most need help. lives are on the line. people are in desperate situations. have the decency to tell them the truth. let me say this. to all the people impacted by hurricane helene and milton, despite that misinformation and the lies, the truth is we are providing resources needed to rescue, recover and rebuild. let me close with this. i know recovery and rebuilding can take a long time. long after the press on the

cameras move on, i promise you, we will do everything in our power to help you put the pieces back together and get all that you need. god bless you and may god bless our troops and first responders risking their lives to help. thank you very much. i will be reporting again tomorrow. >> on fema funding, how much time does congress have, to act before fema or the fda run out of money? >> that is in discussion now, but i don't want to mislead you. in terms of the spa, it is at the edge right now. i think congress should be coming back and moving on emergency needs immediately and they will have to come back after the election as well. this is going to be a long haul for total rebuilding. it will take several billion dollars. it is not a matter of a little bit, but we are fighting to make sure people have the needs --

the dollars just to get a prescription filled or to get fabey formula. that $750 you are talking about, that all of those other people are saying, it is allied to suggest that is all they are going to get. it is bizarre. they have to stop this. it is so un-american, the way they are talking about this stuff. there is going to be a need for significant amounts of money. we are already trying to calculate the amount we will need because we don't want to mislead anyone and make sure all costs are able to be covered. >> have you spoken to speaker johnson about coming back to vote? >> i have not. >> are you calling on congress to come back early? >> i think they should move as fast as they can. >> the white house said yesterday that fema has what it needs. pres. biden: fema has what it's needs. that is different than spa.

they are going to need a lot more. >> what did prime minister netanyahu tell you about his plans? pres. biden: he is coming over to help with the storm. >> have you spoken with former president trump at all? pres. biden: are you kidding me? mr. trump, get a life man. help these people. the press better hold him accountable because you know the truth. >> as hurricane milton heads into the atlanc,resident aftermath.inues to manage the he spo to several mayors, city managers and county executives. also on his call list is -- who writes on twitter, just got off the phone withdent biden. he is personally overseeing that

fema does not create problems with debris remol and is supportive of t million in fema funds only for hurricane victims. session, we can get it passedal immediately. this needs to happen. speaker johnson, call us back. congress is currently out of session until after the november elec you can allf c-span's hurricane coverage anytime online at c-span.org, or on the c-span now app. >> later today, former president barack obamaill campaign for vice president harris at a rally in pittsburg watch live on c-span, c-span now and online at c-span.org. >> c-span's washington journal invites you to -- to discuss leading issues in government, politics and public policy. from washington and across the

country, we will talk about the week's top political stories. and the president of the american institute for boys and men, on masculinity in u.s. society and culture, and their role in the upcoming elections. join the conversation live at 7:00 eastern, friday morning on c-span, c-span now, or online at c-span.org. >> the house will be in order. >> this year, c-span celebrates 45 years of covering congress like no other. since 1979, we have been your primary source for capital health -- capitol hill, providing balanced coverage of government. taking you where to -- taking you to where the policies are debated and decided. c-span, 45 years and counting,

powered by cable. >> next, a conservative activist, ben shapiro talks about the future of israel following the october 7 attack. he talks with yell university on how the attack impacted protests and free speech on college campuses. this is an hour. [applause] >> good evening everyone. my name is -- and i am the president of the -- program at yale. it is my pleasure to welcome you to tonight's event featuring commentator and radio host ben shapiro for a conversation on how october 7 broke american college campuses. first i want to extend my thanks to carol brown who was with us in the audience and the young america's foundation -- for making this event possible.

[applause] before i introduce mr. shapiro, i would like to say a few words about the program. the william buckley jr. program is the flagship program of an organization dedicated to promoting intellectual diversity and open political discussions at yale. we've posted lectures, seminars, debates and annual conference every year since 2011. by providing yale students with a forum to engage meaningfully with serious conservative thought, the program has become an institution on yale's campus and a symbol for a more open and representative political atmosphere, especially at a university where the mission is the cultivation and creation of new knowledge, buckley fellows believe all perspectives must be heard and examined in good faith. you can learn more about the program and how to become a fellow on our website. before we begin tonight's program, i want to emphasize the buckley programs commitment to freedom of speech. disruption of an event is not

consistent with yells policies on freedom of expression as outlined in the report. i would ask that each of you respect the right of our speakers to be heard and the right of your fellow audience members to listen to the event. thank you for joining us in upholding the value of free speech. [applause] i would also like to solemnly reflect on significance of today's date. one year ago today, hamas terrorists infiltrated israeli towns and villages, murdering 1200 innocent men, women and children and committing horrible atrocities. this unconscionable act was the single deadliest attack on jews since the holocaust.

-- to think about these ongoing crises. and now, our guest for tonight. ben shapiro is the founding editor-in-chief and editor emeritus of the daily wire and the host of the ben shapiro show, the largest and fastest-growing growing conservative podcast show in the nation. in addition, he also hosts debunked, his book club, the search and the sunday special. mr. shapiro is a new york times best-selling offer -- author of over a dozen books, focusing on higher education, free speech and israel. he is a much sought after voice across the country for his incisive commentary on the state of our democracy and our nation. he's been a strong supporter of israel throughout his life and has been particularly vocal in his support of israel's right to defend itself since the october 7 terror attack.

mr. shapiro was hired by -- to become the youngest nationally syndicated columnist in the united states. he earned a ba in political science from ucla in 2004 and even though he graduated from harvard law school in 2007, we are stilling prettily grateful to have him here at yale. without further ado, please join me in welcoming ben shapiro to yale. [applause] thank you so much for being here tonight. >> thanks for having me. >> it is the first anniversary of the horrible terrorist attack on israel and i know that many are spending today in morning, but others even in the united states or on yells campus are celebrating today's date.

i would like to ask you why you wanted to speak on a college campus on this day and yale in particular. >> i think october 7 revealed a lot of truths about the world and i think one of the biggest truths was revealed in the days after october 7 when even before israel's retaliation began or the operation began, there were widespread protests across the west on college campuses in favor of hamas, in favor of islam, and favor of those who would remove israel from the planet and that revealed to me a cancer at the heart of american education that i've been writing about for a long time, a rot at the core of american education and i think it is important to come and speak about that tonight, because it is not just the day of mourning, it is a reminder of what happens when the west coast to sleep on its own principles, when it imports people who don't believe in principles and want to cultivate an entire generation of people who don't believe in civilization. >> you mentioned that protests

started against israel before israel responded to october 7, and there were comparatively few responses that i saw against hamas. in fact today, there was a yell student group who encouraged us not to attend class in order to quote, stand in solidarity to mourn the martyrs of palestine. could you speak to the mentality behind those who want to blame israel october 7 and what do you think about the religious language on college campuses? >> there are a few different groups that are conflicted in this particular message. group number one would be radical fundamentalist muslims who believe israel must be wiped off the map. certainly not all muslims. i know many muslims who do not want that. there are many palestinian to do not believe that -- palestinians who do not believe that. then there is the secondary group, american leftist college students who unfortunately

believe success is inherently connected with exploitation and that anyone who claims to be a victim and is unsuccessful and lives in a way that seems impoverished or violent, they must have been pushed into that by the great exploiter, it is the aqueous narrative in politics, echoes all the way back to cain and abel. it has been repeated here. the basic idea is that because israel is disproportionately powerful, successful, because israel has actually built itself into a thriving democratic country, because of that, anyone in the region who is suffering, that must be a byproduct, it is zero-sum thinking that is not true at all. that sort of thinking leads to bizarre coalitions like you see on college campuses where you see people with signs that say queers for palestine which is one of the great mysteries of human history. the question becomes -- the answer is you have people who

believe they are marginalized by the system who believe they are victimized by the system, gathering together in a coalition to fight the great oppressor. israel being the bleeding point of the spear. >> here at yale, as with many other campuses around the nation, we have an encampment, two of them of pro-palestine students occupying a common space and denying that space to other students who may not agree with those views. i'm curious what you think the mindset of students who go beyond normal rallies, normal protests. why did they feel they need to stage this more radical action? >> i'm not a psychologist. it would take a psychologist to examine why someone would want to live in their own feces. the general plush barrette is presumably -- bush -- general plush barrette is the more you disassociate from civilization, the more holy you are. if you occupy a space in one of the most privilege spaces in

american life, if you take up that space and make that space a dangerous place to be, you bar entry to that space, somehow you disrupt the will of the great oppressor. struck a blow to the great oppressor. -- the majority of people who do this are upset about the potentiality of being expelled from the college campus and whine about it the minute any consequences actually hit them. it is the same sort of dealing -- a lot of folks in modern politics, that is a feeling of virtue signaling that makes people feel a sense of purpose that they cannot find anywhere else or that it is appropriate to be alienating yourself from the institution you are already a beneficiary of. >> do you think any universities dealt with october 7 as well? >> you've the university of florida dealt with it great. at the time being run by the president down there, said you are perfectly within your right to protest in designated spaces, and then you violate those he will be expelled. that was the end of it.

it was not really difficult. and it also turns out whenever you hear viewpoint doesn't have to do with it, the universities would have let anyone do this -- we know what -- it is. to put it bluntly. if people had been in yale protesting in favor of white supremacy, they would have been expelled and we know it. >> i want to focus on university bureaucracies for a moment. zoom in a little closer to what i think the problem might be. diversity, equity, and inclusion efforts are often a huge part in any university's bureaucracy. even at yale. i wonder what you think it is dei places such little emphasis on jewish individuals in particular by the historic marginalization of jews? >> because historic marginalization is beside the point. the entire point of the dei mentality is the victim-victimizer narrative. what it essentially politics is more victimized you are, the less successful you are. jews violate that narrative, so do asian spirit which is why

they are constantly discriminated against. it comes from the idea that asians are not actual minorities who expands any sort of oppression in the u.s. because they are too successful. their scores on the sats are too good and it is perfectly well within bounds for universities to openly discriminate against them, not admit them to university sprayed the same happened with jews. the idea is all suffering of the past or in the present by jews is completely irrelevant, it breaks the matrix. the minute victimized group happens to be disproportionately economically and educationally successful, the entire worldview breaks down. the only way to avoid that is to relabel minority groups that are both victimized and successful as one. jews suddenly become members of the white superclass, and the same thing happens to agents. agents suddenly become white adjacent. because god forbid the stupid and nefarious worldview of dei is somehow broken by reality pray that has to be -- relabeling people into

categories that fit the worldview better. >> do you think there is a connection between dei bureaucracies on university campuses and what we saw in the aftermath of october 7? >> absolutely i think the dei bureaucracy on campus agrees with the basic worldview of those who are protesting otherwise they would not have allowed it. if it would have been nazis protesting on campus as opposed to the new nazis, it would have been a very different story had the administration dealt with it. >> why do you think university students are inspired by palestine against israel? september 2023, azerbaijan displaced over 100,000 armenians, mostly christians prayed i don't hear anybody at yale talking about it, or the news talking about it. >> of course, the same is true in sudan and somalia per there is great suffering around the world. the reason this has become the tip of the left-wing spear is it is almost a perfect example of an event that ought to break the

matrix prayed so you have to grip it that much harder. it is the idea in sociology, which is usually a -- field that have a couple of good points. you will have to find employment elsewhere, sorry sociology majors. there is an idea in sociology that basically many of the things we do in life are signaling that we have skin in the game. for example, i wear a yarmulke, it means i have skin in the jewish game. i go to synagogue regularly. we have these things to demonstrate we have skin in the game. if you want to demonstrate you have skin in the game of the victim-victimizer narrative, you pick the worst example of supposedly on the planet. then you declare they are the victims. take hamas, which is literally the worst people you can declare a victim. they are fascist, the actual genocidal maniacs. they habitually engage in the murder of their political opponents, in masquerade, they celebrated the murder of children. they triumphantly livestreamed

all of this. and they did while siphoning billions of dollars away from the palestinian people to build hundreds of kilometers of terror tunnels to hide from local civilians when israel had to go in, civilians would have to die for israel to clear the territory. these are not victims, they are just evil, the worst people in modern life. somehow, the best way to demonstrate skin in the game is to say they are actually the victims. if you can maintain that philosophy, you have skin in the game. have you demonstrated your perverse worldview if you can agree that somehow hamas are the victims in this situation. >> if 9/11 were to happen tomorrow in the u.s., how do you think the people in favor of hamas would react? >> pretty much the same way. the movement would like to boycott the sanction in the u.s., that they have not found a way to live here five feet off of the ground floating in the air. the reality is when they take the position hamas is somehow

the good guy, these are the people who declare osama bin laden was probably justified. isn't he just -- he wasn't. a goodhearted person who wishes the best for his children. no he isn't. what you get the idea is anybody who is attacking the west is doing so for good reason. because in the end, the west is bad. this is the lessons of october 7. despite the west's desperate attempt to go back to sleep, the reality is israel was attacked because it is perceived as a western country. it was specifically chosen because it is an element of the west. it is not that radical muslims and members of hamas, the radical left, that they hate america because they hate israel. because israel -- they say it themselves. colonial outpost to the west, you are not hiding the ball. colonial outpost of the west, what do you think they think of

the west directly? >> a phenomenon that came to yale in a significant way after the attack was media bias and censorship of what hamas actually did on the ground in israel. weeks after, it was well reported across the country, our campus removed papers with references to rape that occurred during the attack. can you talk about the media reaction to october 7 and what you have seen so far, how it has changed? >> the media are generally trashed, which is why i started my own media outlet. when it comes to the middle east, they are true garbage. i think it was michael pricing who suggested if you ever want to know how bad newspapers are, read a newspaper on a topic you know really well. you will see the articles are filled with errors. the journalists and reporters don't know what they are talking about on a topic you know well. a math major, and they are writing about math, you can see 10 errors. the foreign policy page, you are

like they probably know what they are talking about -- that is not true. much of the coverage has been widely skewed, incredible bias. the headlines are all determined to achieve some sort of moral equipment between israel and hamas. likely believing that israel-gaza war as if there at war with a place as opposed to an actual terror group that launched an assault on them. while azerbaijan has been providing hundreds of thousands of tons of human supplies into gaza in the middle of a war it is fighting. sacrificing its own soldiers in order to do that. it is also engaging most targeted military urban operation in human history right now. and somehow the media come up with an idea this is a borderline genocidal action by israel. they are doing the same in lebanon. israel is delivering some of the most targeted strikes in the history of warfare. they did after that israeli beeper operation, the most targeted strike in the history of warfare. the media coverage is truly egregious, and it comes from a

morally relativistic place that they have to maintain the idea that if israel is not the victimizer, they are kind of still the victimizer. even the aftermath of october 7. a week of synthetic media coverage and then it shifted back to the cycle of violence. if only we could come to a deal, if only we could craft some sort of a negotiation where everyone would go home happy. as opposed to the reality, there are fundamentally incompatible goals in the middle east. israel has this really troubling need to breathe and survive. and its enemies have -- apparently a wildly justifiable need to destroy it and kill every human in the region. >> in that case, do you keep there is any hope for truth? these people showing the horrors of what hamas did on october 7, does it change their mind, or is it the same task? >> you have to take everyone on a one by one basis. some are open to the truth, some are not. fighting the dominance of legacy media, again, that is where we

started a very large conservative media company to fight the narrative driven by the legacy media. >> a lot of people look at this conflict and have no idea what is going on, they don't know what to think or who to believe. what do you think is most purely at stake in this conflict going on right now? >> what is purely at stake is the definition of evil. the simple fact of the matter is hamas is a terrorist group that states its goals openly and outright. they are not hiding anything. they say they wish to destroy the state of israel, they invaded israel from a territory that had effectively been ceded to them when they were unilaterally accrued from the territories. they did not attack military targets, they went into towns, including civilians from gaza who went into those towns to participate in the mass rape, murder, and kidnapping. what is at stake is whether the west even has the capacity to label evil evil at this point. i don't think the question is

limited to the israel and palace and in conflict. the palestinian supporters of how authorities with hamas. the question is going forward whether the west has the strength to recognize when their actual threats to it, or whether they wish to simply pretend everyone has the same basic goals, and it is just a matter of pragmatic differences of how we reach that. >> what do you think the best way for people who may not have a connection to israel for them to memorialize what happened what you would be? >> i think everyone has a stake in paying attention to the victims that are still ongoing -- i was with the family of a 20-year-old being held hostage.

i was with his mom and dad and his younger brother today. actually with president trump over in queens. i had on my show just last week. who have a son who has been held hostage. multiple families who have kids who are still being held hostage. and understand unfortunately when it comes to the fight against hamas or hezbollah, or iran, their sponsor state, the only way out is through. war is ugly. no one wants -- particularly not the israelis. have been in constant war since 1947. every israeli at the age of 18 is drafted. that will include the religious. everyone in the israeli military. everyone. if you think their parents want them to be serving on the front lines -- in line by the way, i don't just mean people now or 20 to anyone, i'm talking anyone in this crowd who is 40, 45,

parents of three or four kids on the front line inside of lebanon. if you think that is what the israelis want, or out of your mind. that is not what they want. the only way to come to actual peace is not through empty headed diplomacy where people say funny words and violate their words five seconds later. victory is the only way you achieve peace. that is a historic lesson of war. victory and the threat of a crushing victory sways people from engaging in these attacks. that is not even me making that case. there is a book called the cause of war where every war from 1700 to 1988, he found the way you achieve lasting peace in a time of war is for once i to actively defeat the other. which is something the west is very not used to. the west has decided victory is a dirty word. >> do you think the u.s. is doing enough to ensure the return of the hostages in the creating of lasting peace?

>> hell no. i think the u.s. has -- under the biden-harris administration -- the biden-harris admin assertion, which started off the beginning of the war fairly well , immediately launched into a soft stance where the idea was if aid was slow walked to israel, it would facilitate peace negotiations. hamas understands they are militarily inferior. right now, no one -- one may be alive in a bunker surrounded by hostages. but it is not know he has serious military. the u.s. will be forced into making some sort of concession to allow him and his group to survive. the u.s. could have done something very easy, they could have done this by the way in ukraine. they could have set our allies deserve our support in a time of war. they should be able to pursue the ends necessary to achieve victory. the u.s. should not be in the position of micromanaging the

wars of our allies. a stupid idea in the first place. particularly when america's enemies are watching and see every act of weakness as another sign the u.s. is not willing to stand up for its allies in the region. the reality is october 7 would have never happened if the biden administration had not immediately started playing foot seas with the islamic republic of iran. if that never happened, october 7 would have never happened in the first place. the saudi's and israelis would have signed the a bram accord, you would see continuation of the budding peace in the middle east that was until recently the actual wave of the future over there. i think now that israel has reestablished its military, it turns in the region. >> one last question before i hand it over to the audience. -- over 75 years ago. he criticized yale for promoting secularism and collectivism while undermining traditional values. it is hostile to the principles on which our institution was

founded. do you think that critique is relevant to what happened at our universities after october 7? >> just a little. >> is there hope? >> there is hope for your institutions, but they will have to -- with money. employers will have to start looking at degrees from yale in determining they are worth the paper they are written on. i'm not singling out yale. my alma mater, harvard, is having similar experiences. it is true for most of these -- it is ok. i don't like them either. most of the major universities in this country at this point. employers are making a mistake that just because you have a degree from a top university that it makes you qualified to hold a job. in many cases it makes you the reverse of that. >> thank you for our conversation. [applause]

q and day, we are now moving into the q&a portion of the evening. if you have a question, come to the back of the auditorium and stand behind this yellow line and we will be able to get your questions. >> it does not have to be on this topic. it can be anything. i have a general rule, if you disagree, you can raise your hand and go to the front. don't just do it to go to the front. >> mr. shapiro, thank you for sharing your thoughts tonight. america, our country fought a protracted global war on terror for two decades. as you mentioned today, we have ethical problems of war, political problems, opposition, support for it. but one day seems to lay sacred in our country, the day of

remembrance on 9/11. whether you are for or against the war, that is a day where we remember thousands of civilians, firefighters, and police lost their lives. given that today is october 7, what do you think the ethical consequences are of politicizing today is a day of antiwar protests, and now to be a remembrance for people who lost their lives? >> frankie, i think we celebrate 9/11 wrong. the idea 9/11 ought to be a sad day in which we were member some people hide in a tower, as a congresswoman from minnesota might say. i think that is a grave error. it should be a reminder of the enemies u.s. faced on 9/11 and continue to face today. we have forgotten those lessons which is why we are doomed to repeat similar instances. i don't believe act of terror

are equivalent to death by national tragedy. it is one thing to hold a commemoration for a national tragedy. something horrible happens in life and we mourn it happening. i think when you are talking about an act of war, which is what 9/11 was, pearl harbor, october 7. the idea you can treat that in the same way as a day of remembrance for people who died from flu pandemic is wrongheaded and foolish. you cannot take away the lesson from october 7, 9/11, or any other day and remember in some of victims of terrorism. terrorism is evil, it should be fought. those who believe in the ideology need to be defeated. i think they are doing memorial wrong. [applause] >> my name is zach, nice to meet you. as we stand here and talk today, they are holding a vigil to commemorate people who died on

october 7. this event is counter programming that vigil. most organizations wrote letters asking to hold this event at a different time. -- tells us that you can serve god or yourself. you are being paid thousands of dollars to counter program a vigil for the victims of october 7. so my question for you is how are you not serving yourself with this event? >> since there are hundreds of people who showed up to hear me talk about what is going on, i don't think it is serving myself per se. i also don't think i need the money. my suggestion would be that there are many ways to commemorate what happened. i don't think the folks who wish to hold different events have a veto on my event. i don't have one on theirs. one even contacted me that was programmed the same time and i attempted to actually move our event so it did not conflict with that event prayed they ended up moving there even earlier and i went at 5:00.

so this notion i'm somehow ignoring the wishes of the entire jewish community, by coming and speaking about the most vital issues on the most vital day of last year is insipid, and your insulting attempts to -- are frankly uninspired. [applause] it is fine. >> just provide some additional context. hill on campus and you a later, i believe -- sent you a letter -- >> there are many organizations on campus. i don't agree with all of them politically, they don't agree with me literally. i don't give anyone veto power on my ability to speak read >> scheduling event for different hour --

>> i can easily fill a 3000 seat one. >> you are saying right now you never considered moving an event just one hour to allow the vigil -- >> i don't book the halls here. -- the administration if you are so perturbed. >> i have legitimate concern -- >> i have answered your question, i appreciate the time. >> i'm glad i got to follow that guy. i'm from here in connecticut. i want to thank you and the daily wire for everything you do. i'm a subscriber and longtime listener. what i appreciate most is how you fight for our freedom. whether it is mandates, freedom of speech. something happened to me that was disturbing today, writing mighty knee there is another front where we have to fight for our conservative voice. chatgpt, try to do a simple graphic.

i wanted to put a star of david, i asked for a jewish name and asked chatgpt for an israeli theme. it rejected me at every corner. it reminded me it is another way were we have to fight for our voices. i want to know if you have plans to help fight on the ai front? >> the good news is -- exist. you can do whatever you want there. it is great. everyone knows from elon, i think it will generate whatever image and do so quickly and they are quite amazing. i'm a big believer in ai, i think it has tremendous potential to change the world. and there are competitors who are capable of out competing chatgpt if they decide to place limits on the images that can be created. thank you so much. >> thanks for being here. i would like to ask -- you mentioned employers and donors can do a lot to affect change on

a college campus. looking at students, i'm sure there's interesting ways think students can affect change on a college campus. i want to hear what you think those are and how they can be practically implemented via student body that wants to know people is evil. >> the first thing you guys can do what is going on campus. when i was in college, i think most kids not want to be involved in politics at all. you want to go on with the rest of your life. every so often you remember where you went and that is it. maybe you could a check. the reality is most americans don't actually know what is going on on campus. just why it was shocking when there was these giant protests that erupted on campus. getting in touch with outlets like ours, we report this regularly. there are other outlets as well. my mentor andrew breitbart said if you've got a phone, a camera, you are now a journalist. so you should be out there making stories. the second thing you can do is

organizing. that is uncomfortable. it means you will have to not be friends with everybody. i can safely say as you might have guessed, not a friend's person. when i was on college campus, that was not my top priority. nor is it today. thank god i have my own cadre of friends. i call them my children and my wife. the thing you can do is organize, you can do events, and expose what is going on in the classroom. professors, administrators. there is a special window you have in campuses that no one else does because you are on one. at ucla, i got started in this job, working in politics. i was at usa at the time. my first book was about bias on college campuses and it came out in 2004. it has been in tears. i recorded what was going on inside the classrooms. so you can do that. >> thank you.

[applause] >> thank you for being here. i'm actually a fan of your show. as a pro-lifer myself, i have an abortion quest just -- question some leftists bring up. if you were in a burning hospital and on one side there were 100 in vitro fertilized exit, and there were five babies who you had to say one side, which would you save and why? x ok, the traditional answer anyone would give, the five born babies prayed the reason you say five born babies is because the embryos have a chance at life -- they are already at life -- but they have a chance of living a full life outside of the womb already. we were arguing a life outside the womb is more valuable because of viability -- but these embryos are not in a womb right now. the question was you can save a baby or i can punch this nine month pregnant in the stomach, it would be different russian.

this is not on the value of life. our good reaction to what life is valuable does not define the value of life. another example, a similar example. burning building, 80-year-old person, five-year-old child, who do you save? the answer most people will give is the child. doesn't mean that 80-year-old person is not alive? i can also give an example, a hypothetical in which he would save the embryos. let's say you are on a spaceship. hypotheticals are fun. on this spaceship, you have a five year old child or 1000 embryos. the last pay ship in existence. and you have to say one. 15-year-old child or the 1000 embryos. you save the 1000 meals because the entire future of the human species is at stake. want to say 1000 as opposed to one. the gut level reaction to what life we would save is not this positive answer to whether there is value to the life. also it is a weird false hypothetical because that is

never the choice. no one is like i'm six-month pregnant, so here's my question, do i save this child or murder this five year old -- that has never been a thing that has ever arisen. >> my other question is if you support the death penalty, how should abortion be criminalized in terms of who and what the adequate punishment is? i heard you say in the case of a woman getting the abortion that they have a lack of criminal intent, they don't meet the standards for that. if you hire a hitman, would you not be punished for hiring that hitman to commit -- >> it is a question will question in the premise where if you hired a hitman to kill what you thought was a vegetable, which is most people think when you get an abortion. they think what they are killing doesn't have any human valley. -- they are willing to admit it is human life they are killing anyway pray that is horrifying.

but people approaching abortion that we are not thinking about it that way. a hitman to kill a cow, or in the viewpoint of the person who is in your analogy. so let's say you are an abortion doctor and you partially abort fetuses and they are born alive sometimes and you kill them -- should receive the death penalty. it depends on the level of egregious us of the murder. but i'm certainly in favor of the death penalty in certain cases. it is not an across the board yes or no thing. [applause] >> hello. you quoted a book earlier, i did not quite catch it. we were talking about how peace could only be achieved through victory. >> long lasting peace. >> i'm also hoping you can give a relevant example of such a victory and defeat and talk about what victory and defeat

really looks like in this case with israel. >> i believe the author is jeffrey blaine. i -- the perfect example is world war ii. world war i, it is negotiated. the versailles treaty, look how it incentivized germany to pray -- pay reparations, that led to world war ii -- if everyone had been nicer to germany, world war ii would have never happened -- the convincing one is we were a lot meaner in world war ii. when the west and the soviets completely invaded and carved out the entirety of germany. there has been no war in germany since. -- examples from the middle east, the egyptians decide in 1973 they don't have the ability to beat the israelis and they sign a peace agreement with them. so jordan, same sort of thing in

1967. israel defeats them, jordanians never go to war with israel again. they are not just relevant examples but from the region. if you are talking about how to achieve long-lasting peace in this region, first of all, you have a long-lasting cold peace with egypt and jordan. and if you are talking about how to issue long-lasting peace to lebanon, the answer will have to be such devastatingly effective military victory that there is likely a regime change that ends with some form of actual military governance in lebanon's ability to withhold power from hezbollah. which was the case after 2005 or 2006 when israel withdrew from lebanon. the u.n. resolution, 1701, and said that lebanon was supposed to be completely demilitarized,

and that never happened. the only way to actually achieve long-lasting peace is by crushing the hopes and dreams of people who wish to attack our neighbors. such devastation that they had no choice but to negotiate peace. when it comes to gaza, israel has done that with hamas. they are trying to essentially find someone to run the gaza strip and egypt was offered it, they said no way. they offered it to saudi, jordan, nobody wants a piece of it. israel never one of the gaza strip. in 1967, there was an open debate on whether they had to go into the gaza strip with most arguing that if they could get away with leaving it in egyptian hands, they would do it. it has always been a trouble area, so israel will probably have to militarily occupy the area and have insurgency operations for the perceivable future until someone accepts responsibility there. [applause] >> thank you.

>> thank you for coming to speak with us and engaging with us. my question is about free speech. i'm a leftist. >> thank you for coming, seriously. i appreciate that. [applause] >> i agree that there is a long way to go in terms of addressing free speech and the response factors, but one of the things i struggle with is sort of like this double standard of leftists being held to, where the right claims the left is the only side infringing on free speech. i think justice is bad for the left with strongman, a few conservatives and label them all as white supremacists. it seems like they label all

leftists as nazis. the same way as banning employment opportunities for leftists who express their views, and saying that the same should happen for conservatives. do you think that the right has a long way to go in terms of free speech, as well, or this is a leftist issue? >> i think everybody can do better on free speech. i think it is disproportionate the attacks on free speech in modern day and age. in 1965, they were probably more attacks on free speech from the right than the left, and today, the left and the right. some of the examples you are using, the example that everybody on the left, i think there are certain systems, but i think it is overstated. >> for example, let's give an example of high schools censoring types of speech, or the boycott of bud light.

in many ways, that is similar to how the left cancels the right. >> this is a really good question. the reason why is because i think there is a category error that gets made with regard to these questions. what i mean by that is that it is an element to free speech and leftists, too, and if people would like to boycott the speech and not, that is their prerogative. if i choose not to buy bud light, that is how i choose to use my money. when it comes to cancel culture, a category error. there are two questions, whether it deserves to be boycotted and the answer is that it is yes. and then there's is the question of who? this is where you see the imbalance. the left in the u.s., the overton window in which you have to operate to not earn a boycott is extremely narrow. for the right it is much wider but i would not say it is

completely gone. i believe in the overton window. if i'm an employer, i cannot have a moral obligation to hire people who believe that hitler's was a gre guy -- hitler was a great guy. that is not me boycotting them in a way that is a violation of free speech principles. they have a right to go and work in the u.s., they don't have a right to earn a job from me. i'm not calling them to be jailed. we have to separate public and private action in this area we are talking about. the big imbalance on the right, the overton window of the left is narrow. you can save mild things and get "canceled" on the right but if you are on the left, it is difficult to say something so transgressive that the entire world turns on you and you lose your job. you have to go a long way to get there. [applause] >> hi, i'm a huge fan.

i'm asian, thank you for the callout. [laughter] >> dude, congrats on getting in. do they know your asian? [laughter] >> yeah, i hit the box. so, i will get to serious business. three very short questions. the first one, do you think william shakespeare was an anti-semite? >> by the evidence in "merchants of venice," sure. it is in fact an anti-semitic work. doesn't mean it is a great work? no. i have a habit of trying to read great works and then understand there are terrible things and great works, nothing new. by the way, that is an enormous number of people historically. a lot of great literature and thinkers who were not fond.

>> the second, do you think the tale of robin hood promotes socialism? >> [laughter] no. i think it is a fight over over taxation. the sheriff of nottingham -- [applause] [laughter] >> one last one. i don't want to take up too much time. i don't know if you have heard of an anime character called sailor moon. do you thinks it -- do you think it promotes homosexuality and transgenderism? caller: >> i have heard of sailor moon. i do not know what it is. -- >> i have heard of sailor moon. i do not know what it is part are you asking about anime? is that happening in real life right now? >> i used to watch it. [laughter] i was just starting to realize that they seem to promote lesbianism and transgenderism in

certain seasons. >> i have no specific views on whether sailor moon promotes transgenderism. [applause] >> thank you. >> thank you for coming. i'm caroline. my question is do you think israel is in a race against time ? do you have a strategic vision before the u.s. becomes beholden to the left and its anti-israel bias? >> yes. the question is whether israel has got a short timeframe in order to ensure his own security for the future as the left gains power? the answer is yes. you have seen this slow walking from the biden administration despite congressional approval, and you have seen something similar from the harris administration, god forbid, and i think you are seeing a growing sentiment, not only on the left, but there is a growing concern

on the right that is doing a routine that is counterproductive. by the way, the israelis know that, and that is why i think that they are restoring a lot of defense production and will be doing more in the near future. that is a problem for the u.s. the u.s. ought to have strong connections. by the way, and leverage. and you would like there to be strong military connection with a wide variety of allies of the u.s. because it turns out that israel does not get arms from america, and america would like to hold a leash on israel, but what leash? i do something that offends establishment has always believed. they are in favor, at least in the modern era, of posting certain amounts of aid to israel because it gets spent in the united states, and additional military spending in israel has to be spent in the u.s. and gives the u.s. leverage over israel's foreign policy decisions. yes, israel is going to have to

go and get more independent. and they know it. [applause] >> thanks for coming out today. i'm someone who used to be a democrat and became a republican after being exposed to viewpoints such as yours. thank you what you do. [applause] i'm running for state representative here in connecticut as a republican. >> nice. >> thank you so much. my question is how do we appeal to younger people on the fence that could be swayed by republican values and they are not totally convinced by democrats but they may not think it is cool to be republican? what values or issues should be focused on? >> listen, it is not cool to be republican. it isn't. i think the values tend to be uncool. i never thought being cool was particularly important in life. as you might be able to tell. [laughter] with that said, i think the left has moved so far left that there is a rebellion.

it turns out most people would like to succeed in life and thrive. most people in the u.s. wished to be lions. there is a matrix in my own head about everybody has their version of two kinds of people. here is one of those two over some publications, there are lions and scavengers. there are people who would like to go out, achieve, community, family, innovate, the entrepreneurs, work a job, and make the best of the lack provided to their family. i think that america was built on that, and then there are scavengers, people who believe everything is owed to them, and the system in which they live needs to be torn away at, and it is a bad system that needs to be dissolved or needs to be wounded. i think the left praise on that -- preys on this anger against the system but the reality is there is no hope or building in that.

once you tear away the only this time has provided prosperity, what do you do then? the property rights and the judeo-christian history of the west, once you tear that away, there's something left to build on. when you say to people i'm not here to give you a handout or to structure your life are you or to make decisions on every little area of how you ought to live, but i'm here to tell you to get on your ass, work and you will succeed in america. if you work in america, you will succeed in america. very simple three rule that offends a lot of people, gradually before high school, don't have a baby before you get married, get a job. if you do these things, you will not be poor in the u.s. any obstacle i would like to help clear away. whether you are talking about big business pollution, the government, which i think is most of the problem, if we can tear that away and move that away so you can succeed, that i think is an inspiring message to

people and give them hope for their own future. >> thank you very much. [applause] >> thank you so much for being here tonight. you mentioned ukraine briefly earlier. i wanted to get your take on what the perspective from a foreign policy standpoint should be on the continuation of the war. i know you have been attacked by certain factions in the republican party, most notably tucker carlson, for your support for continued funding of ukraine. i sort of would like your take on what you think the endgame is in ukraine and what should be the approach from the u.s. foreign-policy perspective achieve that. >> my approach to ukraine contra what tucker perceives my approach to be is that the u.s. should continue to fund ukraine sufficient to maintain his current orders -- borders and

pressure russia. ukraine is not going to take crimea, realistically speaking. the chance they will do that hezbollah since 2014. that's nothing new. i have said since august of 2022 that the best thing the u.s. could do would be to quickly ramp up military aid provided to ukraine to pressure russia foreign offramp. and then, zelenskyy is in a bad position. you feel for him as a leader. his people have been absolutely -- zelenskyy is not in a position where he can say i will find a deal to giveaway crimea to sign it away. those two parts of ukraine tend to be pro-russian compared to other parts of the country. what the u.s. might have to do is basically cut a deal in lieu of zelenskyy. that might be something that has

to happen where the u.s. coast or russia, if russia was willing to negotiate, and says, here's the deal. we will have a mutual aid guaranteed with ukraine, guarantee their security, you will not invade their borders anymore, but those lines get frozen where they are essentially, and then you might have to console her. and if that sounds like a hawkish perspective, it is weird because that is the issue -- position donald trump has taken on the issue. >> thank you. [applause] >> thank you for being here. i would like to continue with the question about ukraine. we generally don't know the answer to the question i'm about to ask you, so i'm interested to

hear what you think about it. several reasons were given by the pro-hamas activists on why they support hamas. hamas hates the west, but so does russia. israeli operations have killed many civilians, but russia use this conscript and abductees from poor countries that go and sign, with the russian military on the front lines, and ukraine is funded by u.s. taxes, much of israel's military and israel's military gets a lot of aid, and ukraine has been a state for less time, less than half the time that israel has been a state. about seven times as many people have died in ukraine as in the entire israel-hamas or gaza war. my question is, seriously, i do not know the answer to this, but what is stopping someone who is pro-hamas and pro-palestinian

from realizing this and supporting russia? >> looking for logic in these places is difficult. what is the position that is most cooler surely convenient? i don't think most of the pro-hamas people on campus care deeply and pro-hamas is not care about ukraine and they tend to be more pro-russian than the opposite because russia is supportive of hamas, hezbollah and iran. the left-wing, this odd dichotomy between the pro-hamas position and the pro-russian and pro-zelenskyy and ukraine position, that dichotomy comes down basically, it is weird, but it comes down basically to a lot of people on the left really hate russia, not because they hate russia but they hate russia because they think they stole the election from donald trump in 2016. i'm serious.

2012, barack obama was on a stage with medvedev, telling him on a height microphone that he would make -- hot microphone that he would make concessions to putin if russia would leave off. i know you guys are young, but back in the olden days in 2012, it was mitt romney on a stage arguing against russia, and the only thing that switched was the bizarre left-wing perception that russia had somehow made donald trump president which is not true. >> thank you. >> this will be the final question. >> thank you for speaking with us today. right is often used -- just this morning, i saw a post saying

that about how today is not about october 7, 2023, and not about what happened in 1940 seven third i'm thinking, i was thinking when it was conquered by the west. when discussing ownership or how should -- or if we do use it, how far back should we go? >> there are internal and external claims. internal claims, this is our land, a land that unifies us, and there's nothing new about that. as an external justifying claim,

it tends to be a weak response, and it is not i ought to have this land because my great, great, great grandfather had this land. and someone says, well, your grandfather got it for my great-grandfather. so it is more of a counterclaim. this sort of has an easier way to do that, with the world better if it looked more like israel, the west bank, or the gaza strip under hamas? that is a very simple question and easy to answer, nobody wants to answer it, but there is obscure patient -- obscuration

and it is really what happened in 1947, or during the ottoman empire, and if you go all the way back to when this land was occupied by the crusaders, you can do that all day long. it is not actually prove anything or help anything and if you would like to go back originally, most of the archaeology in israel dates back to second century bc when it was jewish. this is particularly the claim and we know it is a week claim because nobody at yale is proposing to give up this beautiful university to the american -- native american tribes were originally possessed the land. that sort of claim, i think, is a misdirect and a red herring. i think the people who use it definitely no that it is a red herring in order to avoid the obvious, which is everyone in the world, by the way, including israeli arabs are perfectly happy living in israel and nobody wanted to leave or live

in the gaza strip or the west bank. >> thank you. [applause] >> thank you so much. thank you so much. >> later today, former esent barack obama campaign for vice president harris at a rally in pittsburgh, watch live at 7:00 p.m. eastern on c-span, on c-span now, our free mobile app, and online at c-span.org [indiscernible] . -- online at c-span.org. joining us this morning is samantha montano, the author of the book "disasterology: dispatches from the frontlines of the climate crisis."

as florida wakes up this morning to the devastation of hurricane milton, what happens first on the ground with officials, first responders, those on the front lines as you work? guest: the first priority is always life-saving measures. that will be everything from making sure that hospitals and other critical facilities have what they need to start their operations doing search and rescue, checking on folks who were unable to evacuate, checking in at shelters and making sure they have the resources they need and is starting the process of assessing damage, getting basic supplies like food and water out to folks who need it. host: who does that work? guest: a whole bunch of people, all different agencies, organizations are going to be

involved from a local first responders to other first responders who have come from outside of the state of florida. you'll have fema officials involved in that and state and local emergency management and lot -- local nonprofits and local groups and the disaster it nonprofits that come in two places that are affected. host: what do you make that president biden had told the florida governor that the defense department was on standby to conduct a if needed? guest: it is coming for dod to do -- be tasked with various needs that arise and i take that as a sign of being responsible and acknowledging the potential impact of the events. host: what experience did you have on the frontlines? guest: i got started doing disaster work in new orleans

after hurricane katrina and the levee failure. i started out as a volunteer and we began working with different disaster recovery nonprofits. i did a lot of work that folks from north carolina to florida are going to have to start doing, everything from mucking and gutting out houses to rebuilding homes, helping people fill out fema paperwork, insurance paperwork, kind of anything and everything that needs to be done in the aftermath of disaster. the subtitle of your book, from the frontlines of the climate crisis. why did you say the climate crisis? i think it is a crisis. we have seen the effects of climate change particularly on extreme weather events. communities across the world are suffering from those

consequences. from an emergency management standpoint, we are in a crisis and it is important to frame that to the public so we understand the urgency of acting to try to prevent the climate from changing more but also making sure we are doing everything possible for the communities of climate change affected and changing aspects of emergency management systems so we are better able to help communities across the country. host: what changes do you think need to be made? guest: there is a long list. i would call for conveyance of emergency management reform. i mean everything from the federal government to state and local government needs to be making changes here and we also need to be thinking across the emergency management mission. emergency management is

responsible for not only saving and recovery but for preparing for the responses and recovery and also didn't mitigation to try to prevent impacts from these disasters and try to minimize our risk across the country. the system has a broad mission. everybody is involved in the system. you see disaster survivors are often called the true first responders. the system needs to be thought of comprehensively. it changes made to one part of the system affects the other part of the system. as we move into the period of time with increasing risk, i think it is really important that we stop and take time to make sure that we are making changes that are actually going to address the very real problems and shortcomings of the system. host: we are talking with

samantha montano, who can take your questions and comments about the role of first responders in disaster preparedness and response. if you live in the eastern and central part of the country dial in at (202) 748-8001, mountain and pacific, (202) 748-8000, and if you have been impacted by a hurricane, we want to know your story or dial in at (202) 748-8002. you can join us in a text with your first name and city and state at (202) 748-8003. let's begin with the role of fema. what is it that they do when it comes to natural disasters? guest: so fema is in charge of coordinating the federal efforts to emergency management across mitigation prepared and -- preparedness response and

recovery. fema sets the direction for the rest of the country and what the approach to emergency management is going to be. they are responsible for being the backup for local and state governments when it is needed. they are also responsible for coordinating the federal elements of the response. it is not only fema that is responding within the federal government. most federal agencies at some point will find themselves involved in a disaster. fema is in charge of helping them navigate that. host: when the florida governor says, "we are in charge in the state," what does he mean? guest: i don't know exactly what he means. it is typical for local and state governments to be the ones who are coordinating on site. fema sees their role in all

cases as being extra support for what locals are doing. and here you see the state government taking on maybe a bigger role fulfilling the work that local and county emergency management agencies are doing. host: what does fema not do? guest: fema does not make anybody hole after a disaster. i think that is one really major misconception especially with forums that i have seen. fema will provide some aid to survivors. we have seen that with the 700 $50 initial cash infusion for folks -- $750 initial cash infusion for folks. and also the money they are making available through individual programs for things like housing. the amount of money you will get from fema is not meant to be enough to