technology that the alliance has. >> to deter such a situation i believe our efforts in that regard are more important -- are most important in collaboration with the international community. we are engaged in strategic communication and coordinating economic sanctions. all of these activities has the deterrence of that situation in mind. and as to what other actions could be taken i have to repeat the principle i've already said. thank you. >> thank you, all. >> a live picture from lee's

family form in henderson, nevada where donald trump is holding a campaign rally. we will have live coverage of that when it begins here on c-span. ♪ >> ♪ pour me something tall and strong make it a hurricane before i go insane ♪ discussing ballot initiatives. according to the ballot initiative strategy center there

are 147 ballot measures on the ballot next tuesday in 41 states. joining us is the founder and editor-in-chief of -- news. let's begin with abortion ballot measures. how many states have them and what do most of them do. guest: there are 10 states with abortion-related measures on the ballots. in all 10 states there is a measure to protect abortion rights. to codify it in state law. there is one state that also has a ballot measure restricting abortion rights and that's nebraska. they have dueling initiatives. one to codify abortion rights and one to restrict them further. the secretary of state has said if they both pass, of the most votes will supersede the other one. these abortion measures are interesting because in the two years since roe v. wade was struck down every time abortion rights or restrictions have been on the ballot the pro-abortion

rights side of the question has won. i'm not just talking about california and vermont, talking about ohio and then even some very conservative states like kansas and kentucky which rejected it last year that would roll back or restrict abortion rights. some of the key states that could be present for battleground states, arizona, nevada and florida. but those states all have abortion rights measures on the ballot. also some bluer states, colorado and maryland and then read states missouri, montana and nebraska. >> when you have these ballot initiatives related to abortion as they have since roe v. wade, which do they tend to help. >> there's not a lot of research whether or not ballot measures get people to the polls. there's only would -- only one good example when 11 states had

measures on the ballots to ban same-sex marriage across the country in george w. bush's reelection term. there was a scientist named todd to donovan who studied that and found the initiatives did not pull out a ton of people who might have otherwise stayed home to vote. but they pulled out a few tens of thousands in some swing states like ohio. ohio was the key to bush's reelection. this year though we will have a lot of states that are closer than that 100,000 votes in ohio so if abortion rights measures pullout say 5000 young women who might not have shown up to vote or young men for that matter. those who are probably more disposed to a democratic candidate, that 5000 votes could make the difference. host: here is an interesting article from the washington post, the women backing abortion referendum and trumpet.

splitting their tickets. guest: some interesting game theory. i know a few democrats who are worried about it. but if you show up to the polls and you support abortion rights, one of these amendments is a great way to make sure your official cannot restrict abortion rights. offering permission structure to vote in favor of abortion rights but in favor of a republican candidate who might not favor abortion rights. you are putting it in the constitution and then vote for whoever you like. host: what about this impacting the senate race in montana and the importance of this montana senate race? host: the u.s. senate is split 51-49 for democrats. they are likely to lose a seat in west virginia. if senator jon tester loses his reelection race in montana that is pretty much the ball game. it means republicans would control the next u.s. senate. the abortion rights measure is able to bring out a whole bunch of voters might not have shown up otherwise then it might help

jon tester. he has never crossed 50% of the vote in any of his elections and has usually been helped by a third-party candidate. a libertarian or something siphoning from the republican side. there is no such third-party candidate this time around. even with something like an abortion rights on the ballot. host: because he is in a red state. guest: the democrat in the reddest state. host: after the abortion initiative, what other initiatives are high profile that you are watching? host: let's start with -- guest: let's start with marijuana. a prominent issue on ballots. three states where it will be this year. florida, north dakota and south dakota. in a lot of the states where marijuana has been on the ballot , it has passed by pretty substantial margins. these three states will be a big

challenge for legalization supporters. in florida, state law requires the 60% threshold. so if it gets 50 plus one, no good. north dakota and south dakota have both defeated prior legalization measures with more than 50% of the vote. in all three of these cases, it is questionable whether or not they can pass legalization. even if they do, supporters then have a further challenge in that they are ready much running out of states where they can run a ballot initiative. not every state allows citizens to circulate a petition and get a measure on the ballot. so they would have to switch focus and pay attention to state legislators. only a small handful of legislators, new york and new jersey have passed these measures. politicians don't like voting in favor of marijuana. the governors of the first two states that legalized pot were

not in favor. both pretty liberal democrats were not in favor of legalization. getting through the legislature can be tricky. they have had success in florida , they will have to start with the politicians to get the other states on board with legalization. >> florida is interesting on the marijuana and abortion ballot initiatives because the governor ron desantis is campaigning hard against those initiatives. guest: he is literally running the campaign against those measures. the state department health a few weeks ago warns television stations not to run advertisements for the pro abortion-rights measure. saying they were inaccurate. a federal judge told him to stop doing that. but as i look at the campaign finance reports the campaigns against the abortion-rights measure and against the marijuana measure are predominantly being funded by ron desantis political campaign. it's a big run by his chief of staff.

he is weighing in. >> politico says that his political future is at stake on these initiatives. guest: i do not know about that. i feel like if desantis signed and abortion restriction measure if he wants to c

especially with traditional outdoor-ism. >> we are talking about ballot

initiatives, charles. go ahead. >> my question is -- how is -- how are they able to legally run? >> he was convicted with a felony at the state level. georgia was one of the -- i think i'm right in saying, one of the first states to hold a ballot measure in 1789. this has been around for a long time. >> do any states have ballot measures relaxing >> i'm not aware of relaxing standards of child labor. it has been a thing that has made its way through some state legislatures especially in ohio, florida -- i will blank on the rest of the states.

relaxing some standards on child labor has -- has made it through . >> which states don't allow ballot initiatives and why? >> on the east coast mostly -- the midwest and the south. a lot of it is history. the progressive era ushered in, especially the modern idea of ballot measures, as ways to influence public policy. people like hiram johnson was a big supporter of direct democracy. and a lot of states adopted those rules early on. eastern states typically solidify their political identities 100 years before that when voting on a ballot measure or when voting on anything was a big deal. we have elections on tuesdays because that was market day. i'll let measures are more modern but not a terribly modern

way of conducting public policy. >> anthony from massachusetts. a question about minimum wage tips. >> minimum wages on the ballot or something to do about minimum wage is on five pallets. california would raise it to $18 and in massachusetts and arizona the measures have to do with how much you pay a tip to worker. that is to say, a restaurant server. under state law in most states can make less than minimum wage on the presumption that there tips would make up the difference on an hourly basis. i have not seen a measure specifically dealing with tipped workers in the past but that is against -- a raise of minimum wages a bad bet because since 2000 there have been like 26 ballot initiatives to raise the

minimum wage across the country. and every single one has passed. there is not a single minimum wage hike that has not passed since the turn-of-the-century. touching against minimum wage hikes is not a good situation. >> people want to dig into ballot initiatives, will they find it on purpose news? -- pluribus news? >> we cover state legislatures. at a time when congress is so broken and dysfunctional, the states are stepping up and taking on public policy. we talked about child labor laws. that should be the purview of the feds but the feds aren't doing anything so the states are stepping in. sing thing on issues like artificial intelligence, data privacy and nuclear energy. the states are stepping up. that is why we think it is important to cover state legislatures. >> you are tracking legislation

at the state level. how do you do that? >> we read newspapers every day and focus on bill filings but our theory is that state legislatures are not --. what happens in carson city or in atlanta, they don't stay there. these legislators are looking across the country to their friends and colleagues in other states to get their next big idea. if you see an issue that pops up in sacramento, alban he or austin did a, it will show up in 25 states next year and 48 the next. there has been some bills the last two years to restrict transgender rights in a few states. that issue came up in north carolina a decade ago and the fear was incredible. eventually north carolina repealed what they called their bathroom bill. when it comes up in 25 states, you cannot focus that attention

and pressure on all of those dates. what democrats and republicans have learned is that if they share ideas wisely and pass them quickly that a whole bunch of states can set the direction for federal policy before congress adds its act in gear to elect a speaker. >> scott in massachusetts has a question -- there is a ballot initiative for standardized tests for high schoolers. >> that is a good question. there has been a push lately to require the passage of the american civics test. a test that any aspiring citizen would have to take to become a citizen. there is a push and a lot of states to require that as a requirement for graduation. the massachusetts one is called mcast. i think it is a pretty standardized. the campaign to take it out of the requirements is being funded

largely by teachers unions. the campaign to keep it in place and reject the ballot measure is being funded in part by michael bloomberg who just dropped 2.5 million dollars into the opposition campaign. the campaign in massachusetts i'm more interested in is the ballot measure that would lead good -- legalize psychedelics and mushrooms. it has already been tried in a few states like colorado and oregon. >> another one you are watching is property taxes in colorado. >> a lot of property taxes and property tax bills in states across the country. the specifics of the colorado one or going to elude me but the point is this is a way that a lot of those interest groups, anti-tax interest groups can get measures on the ballot and create havoc with state budgets. there is one measure in north dakota this year, i hope i'm not

misspeaking and it south carolina -- south dakota, that would effectively get rid of all property taxes. you can imagine the hit to the state budget that would do. eliminating something altogether -- that will blow a hole in the budget. we will see what legislators would do about that. presumably they would have to raise other types of taxes. tax hike art -- tax hikes are common at the ballot box. 30 years ago in washington state there was a ballot measure to set the limit on car tabs to $30 when they were getting up to 500 or $700. it caused all kinds of havoc with the state budget. and that is what these ballot measures can do. it is interesting to note that the people that right these are the lawyers and supporters of whatever issue they are paying attention to. it is not the legislators or the

office of legislative services that might take more time to see how a measure interacts with other parts of existing state law. sometimes they measure passes and people realize it was written very badly and someone has to go back and fix it. >> watching legislatures -- which party controls legislature at the state level. where should our viewers be watching with you? >> you won't be surprised that there is a lot of overlap between the presidential battleground states and the state legislatures out for grabs. arizona is an example of a narrow republican majority. they are playing defense as democrats make gains around phoenix and yuma. in michigan and minnesota, they flipped blue in the 2020 two midterm elections and republicans are trying to win back control. minnesota has only one state senate race, they controlled the state senate by one seat. it will probably stay and their

control but the house in both states are up for grabs in minnesota and michigan. minnesota isn't a swing state but a divided legislature. new hampshire is another place where republicans are playing defense. they hold a narrow majority in the state senate and a majority in the state house but there are 400 seats in the new hampshire state legislature. the state legislature in new hampshire is so many people that we won't know who controls it for a long time. the last thing i will point to is the one state in america where the legislative chambers are divided and that is pennsylvania. republicans controlled the state senate and democrats control the house by one vote. i think the house is more vulnerable than the senate. but talking to republicans and democrats, they think both sides will hold serve and will continue to have that republican senate and democratic house in

pennsylvania. >> chris in superior, was constant. a democratic color. >> just had a general comment. here in wisconsin the ballot initiatives are worded in such an intentionally misleading way -- i would really like there to be -- if they could be standardized somehow to eliminate the confusing wording of those initiatives. >> this is something we have seen and a lot of states across the country this year. the ballot initiative process is a long process. it starts with drafting a bill. and in some states the secretary of state has to approve the language or the attorney general has to run the traps and make sure it is not unconstitutional. you collect the signatures and it goes to a ballot board. there are all these different steps. what we've seen is that a lot of opponents of some of these

measures have drafted or have taken a section of the process and used it to put a thumb on the scale. i'm not up on any wisconsin examples of this year but the best example this year is in ohio. issue one would reform the way the state draws its political boundaries in a redistricting process. the lawns right now are drawn by a panel of politicians and because of who controls what office, the republicans now control the process. the initiative would change the process to allow a citizen panel of five democrats, five republicans and five independents to draw new districting lines and vote on them. the state ballot board headed by the secretary of state, a republican, changed the wording of how what i just explained would be presented to voters to say that the measure would require the new citizen panel to

gerrymander. gerrymander is a loaded word. it makes supporters of this measure say they're trying to eliminate gerrymandering. but the ballot board wrote their ballot description. it was challenged in court and had a mixed ruling from the state supreme court. this has been a complete and a lot of states that somebody along the line is putting their thumb on the scale whether it is the attorney general, ballot board or secretary of state. to try to influence the way people see these initiatives. >> len in oregon wants to know about oregon's ballot initiative for this and where else is this an issue? >> this is the idea that when you go into a ballot box you can pick multiple candidates. i can pick greta as my number one candidate and john mcardle as my number two. i should have reversed that

because now i'm going to eliminate you from the process. if my first choice pit -- finishes at the back of the pack then my vote is reallocated to my second choice. and if that choice is eliminated, my choice moves on to the third one. the theory behind ranked choice voting is that it this incentivizes extremist candidates and incentivizes candidates to build the broadest possible coalition. go out and appealed to independents and moderate republicans if you are a democrat because you need them to rank you high on their list. the theory is that it creates a broader coalition and a more positive campaign. if you are the negative guy, no one will rank you high up. on rank-choice voting there are a few states that already implement it including alaska and maine and now it is on the ballot in a record number of states including idaho and

nevada and washington, d.c. interestingly enough, alaska opponents are trying to appeal the rank-choice voting system. it is an intriguing way that voters are trying to change the way their own elections take place. we could point to the ohio issue or other states -- arizona, south dakota and montana where they are trying to eliminate partisan primaries to independent voters can walk in and vote for a democrat for the u.s. senate and a republican for the u.s. house and a libertarian for the secretary of state or however it may happen to be. this is an interesting way of voters taking control of their own voting system. we will see if it passes. there have been strong campaigns. interestingly enough, the people that run the strongest campaigns against ranked choice voting are the parties themselves. ♪

♪ >> nice camera work. ♪ >> i will tell you what, if that music does not get you pumped, i don't know what will. i got punched in the face a lot when i listened to that music and i still like it. first of all, thank you for being here. can i say thank you to all of our veterans? could all of our veterans raise your hands for me? i just want to say, thank you because if you did not do your job and do it well, we would not be here today. so, thank you so much for all you do for our country and continue to do. listen, why are we here? we are here because you and i and everyone else, we are fed up with the way the country is

being handled right now, right? the harris-biden administration has failed america. and we need a fighter. we need a fighter. and i think you guys know who i'm talking about. we need someone willing to take on the bureaucrats in washington, d.c. we need a guy willing to stand up and fight for us and i think we know who that guy is, right? president is our fighter. and he has someone that can win the fight. we need a winner we cannot lose. we are not in this to lose. you and i and our kids and our grandkids are all depending on someone that will be strong, can stand up under the pressure and my lord, we can tell that guy is able to stand up under the pressure, right? now, as only one, i am one of one, native american in the

senate, i'm actually cherokee and like elizabeth -- unlike elizabeth ward who tries to claim to be something. and being cherokee, my family knows a little bit about a have a hand of a government and what they can do when they get too much power behind them. we need someone that will -- someone that is going to go out there and put us in front of their own ambitions. and president trump is just that guy. [applause] now, as i mentioned before, i know a little bit about fighting and i know a fighter when i see one.

and our fighter, the guy who is fighting for our country, the people's fighter, the one that is on the mat every single day fighting for us. the one that can bring down inflation. the one that can get our country back on track. the one that can bring down inflation. one that, because energy independent again. the guy that can actually secure our borders. the fighter i'm talking about is the man that showed true leadership and courage during an assassination attempt. a man that stood up and raised his fist in the air and said to all americans -- fight, fight, fight! that is my fighter. that is the guy i want. and so, my friend, my president,

and soon to be the 47th president of the united states, president donald j. trump! he isn't here to get you guys rallied and ready and get you to go out there and win this country back november 5. we cannot do it without you. may god bless you. may god bless america. and may god bless donald j. trump. thank you, all! ♪

♪ ♪ >> ♪ ["memory" from andrew lloyd webber and "cats"] ♪ >> he announces the cat who can

now be reborn and come back to a different calico life. ♪ ♪ ♪ let your memory lead you

open up, enter in if you find there the meaning of what happiness is >> 6:55 here on the east coast and we are live in henderson, nevada waiting for donald trump. earlier a number of republican officials spoke including matt gaetz. here is a look as we wait for the rally to get underway. ♪ ♪ >> thank you, also much! -- all so much.

the people of this great country are an inspiration and the work you are doing in nevada to win this election is driving president trump to victory and driving our america first agenda to success and it is driving the democrats crazy. they cannot imagine what you are doing. i was talking to people just today who had registered 5, 10 voters and texted their family members saying if you are watching in nevada or anywhere around the world, there is still something you can do to be a part of this campaign. you have to go to trumpforest 47 to sign up because there are still doors to be knocked on in north carolina and text messages to send in michigan. there are still church groups to reach and pennsylvania and there are the working class in this country including retirees and all the americans we are bringing together in nevada to ensure the greatest victory on november 5 that this country has ever seen.

i want you and need you -- maybe you have not been involved in this campaign but the most important moments are these remaining days are we have got to get people aware of the election and out to vote and though -- and that won't just make my boat better or your moped -- but life better. i've seen the courage and it is contagious. when he gets back there we will start to see people stiffen their spine. president trump will fight for the reforms and congress we so desperately need. he will back term limits, he will back a lifetime ban on members of congress becoming lobbyist or registered foreign agents and for the same reason you don't let the referees bet on the football game, president trump will join me in ensuring that members of congress are forever banned from trading individual stock.

but he will make your life better also here in nevada where we have folks that live here as a reward for a life well lived maybe in some other part of the country. president trump will make sure you have more money in your pockets. whether you are cleaning the rooms in vegas, whether you are booking the rooms, whether you are driving the car's or counting the social security check, your life will be better when there is no tax on social security and more tax on tips -- and no tax on tips. we can do these great things together. we can dream big again. we remember obama, biden and harris telling us that we live in a diminished america and we could not grow or make things. that is what brings us together. what we see is if there is an anxiety and your life, if you are concerned about streets that

aren't saved or in economy not growing, kamala harris broke it and donald trump will fix it. he will fix our economy and he will fix our border as well. we have learned that kamala harris has let over 400,000 known criminals that we know have committed some of the most heinous crimes and they have moved them next to you, taking your guns away and defunded the police. president trump will also keep the world safe. president kept the haters on their best behavior. they were not doing these other things because there was american strength and there was american pride and we can have that again. as you go out to talk to that friend or brother or neighbor who might not be fully aligned, no voting with us is in their

best interest. which this is way more temperate i will tell you. for a florida man going out there with -18 degrees is like a human rights violation. i was in new hampshire. i went into a coffee shop. this priestess said congressman gates, my boyfriend will be so disappointed he was not here to meet you. will you take a photo? will you make sure your way

friend gets out and votes for president trump? she said congressman i am so for president trump. i am getting all my ex boyfriends to vote for him too. i need you to go out in these next few days in the spirit of that barista and let's go earn the greatest victory america has ever known. thank you for having my back. let's go get them. [applause] >> ladies and gentlemen, please welcome to the stage lieutenant governor stavros anthony. ♪

>> thank you. my name is stavros anthony. i am honored to be your nevada lieutenant governor. thank you. and i just want to thank all you patriots for coming today to welcome the next president of the united states, donald j. trump. we are going to make america great again. so, as you know, president trump has been traveling all over the country holding massive rallies. he was just here in las vegas last week.

20,000 people were there. he was at madison square garden. i don't know how many people were there but that is a big building and the building was full. he has been talking to us, to americans and nevadans about what is important to us personally. he has been talking about closing the border. that is important to us nevadans. he is talking about deporting illegal criminals. that is important to us nevadans. he is going to lobar inflation so we have more money in our pockets. that is important to nevadans. he is going to lower gas prices. that is important to us. and when he says no taxes on tips, overtime and social

security, that is important to us nevadans. we want that. and he understands how expensive housing is getting in nevada and it is because of kamala harris. she is driving up interest rates. it costs too much to build a house and it is getting unaffordable he owned donald trump is going to -- getting unaffordable and donald trump is going to change that. as some of you may know, i am a 29 year veteran of the las vegas metropolitan police department. i retired as a captain. how about a nice round of applause for the men and women in uniform that protect our community here in henderson and all over our country? we support law enforcement.

absolutely. we are not going to get that at a kamala walz rally. they want to defund the police. you all remember in minnesota when myrna -- when minnesota was running down by antifa. what did tim walz do? nothing. they asked him to call out the national guard. police precincts were burning down. he did nothing. kamala harris was raising money to bail out criminals. that is what they think of public safety. so what are kamala harris and their surrogates campaigning on us today? there calling us names. what is the last name they just called us? that is right. they think teachers are in this

room are garbage. they think police officers are garbage. they think culinary union workers are garbage. they think stay-at-home moms are garbage. that is what they think of us. they finally revealed themselves to us. the democratic party, the slump and the elite. that is what they think of us. we are not going to take it anymore. we are not going to take it anymore. i just want to give an extra shout out to the unr women's volleyball team. huh? these young student athletes who are trying to learn, trying to play volleyball have decided they are sick and tired of men and women's sports. we are sick and tired of men and women sports. the democratic party supports

that and donald trump will reverse that i believe day one. absolutely. [applause] so we have five days left. and we are kicking ass. we are kicking ass. but we cannot let up on the pedal. we have to keep going. if you have not voted, please vote tomorrow. if you're going to the election day, great. we need to get early voting out and if you know a couple people who have not voted yet, please drag them to the voting booth so we can get them to vote. i know you are going to do that. let's get everybody to do that because our state depends on it should our country depends on it. i believe nevada is going to carry donald j. trump over the

finish line and be the next president of the united states. thank you. god bless all of you and make america great again. [applause] >> ladies and gentlemen. please welcome to the stage retired u.s. army captain and candidate for the united states senate sam brown. [applause] ♪

>> all right, nevada. are you ready to rock and roll? are you ready to win? are you ready to put america first? are you ready to make america great again? all right. you guys know what is at stake. this has been a battle. this has been a war against those who want to destroy this country and those who want to make our country great again. i will tell you what i had seen over these last 15 months, is nevadans who are fed up. nevadans who are disappointed. i'm not just talking about republicans. we got any