from ation from the test subjects is possible they even had to measure their urine every day which is a completely pointless piece of data but we thought would generate as much data as possible so that we could put everything together in such a way that we could spin it and market our findings as best we could and it worked . the two journalists didn't completely make up the chocolate diet idea but they twisted the dater of the test subjects to fit their purpose. the bad thing is that many nutrition studies follow this formula they don't deserve the label scientific the diet industry creates its own myths in this way. the journalists final step was to release the fake study to the public they wrote

a press release and even invented a research institute that had a reputable sounding name. they created surprised even they on a little. fashion it was crazy we had a made up institute with the address of the production company that produced our film nobody called and it was just a little press release these stories about food and about what we should eat and what we shouldn't run really well we all want to know what the perfect diet think. d'anna lobel money is to create a myth with the help of pseudo scientific methods and her professional knowledge of what makes for good headlines. particularly when it comes to food and drink we like to put facts aside we only

listen to those things we want to hear. for example strong liquor aids digestion in truth alcohol relaxes the stomach muscles we feel less full but it's a false message alcohol actually slows down the rate at which we process food it makes it harder for us to digest. but we shouldn't reheat mushroom dishes and outdated rule today mushroom dishes can be kept in the fridge for a maximum of two days and then we should heat them to more than seventy degrees that way mold and bacteria won't spoil our appetite. is glutamates responsible for nausea headaches and rashes the chinese restaurant

syndrome is probably triggered by allergens such as peanuts shrimps and herbes glutamate isn't to blame it occurs naturally in almost all food stuffs and is completely harmless. myths about alcohol aiding digestion for example and the fake chocolate diets awaken false hope. patients in the arthritis clinic in finger near freiburg are hoping for one thing in particular to walk without pain one day. the orthopedic specialist spend allston maya is an expert in nice surgery and arthritis osteoarthritis is a common complaint in germany more than one in four women and almost one in five

men suffer from it their joints wear out too early and too quickly. spend most of my as patient today also has arthritis in the right knee. the specialist is performing an arthroscopy the cartilage is smoothed out and the joint is flush to clean it out. the problem is that statutory health insurance companies in germany don't pay for the surgery anymore. one of the companies commissioned a study and concluded that arthroscopy were ineffective. flushing out the joint was pointless its benefits a myth. how do orthopedic specialists feel about this decision

the islands are some say it's an outrage others say so what i've always done things differently anyway clay can't choose as freely as we could in the ponds as i wish for you. as a result of patients who have stuck to your tree health insurance are barred from the possibility of a useful thing. i. tell people. it was here in cologne that the institute for quality and efficiency in health care that knee arthroscopy is were declared a myth. the assessor stephan's our law and spent eighteen months reading anonymizing everything written by scientists about arthroscopy is. the trained medical experts he concluded that knee arthroscopy is one of the commonest operations in germany

were ineffective they had a placebo effect but nothing more. tests showed that a faked arthroscopy was as effective as the actual procedure. cboe effect is all the stronger the more authentic invasive and risky and intervention appears on surgery has a much greater placebo impact than just taking a pill. stephens our alliance team of assessors research ne arthroscopy is with the help of a matter analysis. they compared the data from eleven scientific studies with a total of one thousand two hundred patients.

the testers say it's no coincidence that the weaknesses of arthroscopy weren't found out sooner. many of those involved in the healthcare system had a strong interest in keeping the myth alive. everyone had a collective belief that nice were benefiting from this patients were happy doctors were happy the industry was happy it was lovely and it had the magic taken out of it that's what's exciting is that you need it very crystallized scientific methods here to debunk the myth it isn't me just twenty. and some orthopedic specialists like stand offs the maya are still convinced by knee arthroscopy is and so the myth lives on. how can we get rid of myths from our minds once and for all.

the cognition psychologist eka explains that the brain doesn't have a delete button once we've stored a myth it's difficult to overwrite it with new information. basically what he's discovered is that we're mentally lazy. feeling as with many of the things we hear we don't have the interest or the motivation to investigate them fully our convictions often play a role to if i want to believe in something and i'm convinced of it and it fulfills a certain function for me if it's important to my identity and belief then i won't want to see the counter evidence i prefer to hold onto the most. people like to stick with the familiar prefer him to block out things that are new.

polish eka is visiting the university of the zeile and he did his doctorate here years ago he conducts neurophysiological experiments to learn about the brains of test subjects. he discovered that attempts to debug myths rarely work sometimes it even has the opposite effect. but such refutations often courses the myth to be repeated and that just makes this false information seem more familiar if i want to tell you that vaccinations don't cause autism i'm just repeating the association between vaccinations and autism this is the more i do that the more familiar this idea becomes at some point when you think back on your recall this association and that's what it comes to mind. in

his experiments the psychologist presents stories containing different pieces of information some of the.