in a poker game of power and money the competition is fierce the world's most important natural resource bluffing betting checking how long we'll be able to play and who will win this do we believe that renewable energy will play an important role in the future. looks good in the jew political list of strong moji to t.w. . welcome to tomorrow or today this science show on d w coming up. high tech meets handicraft one scientists are teaching a robot to mit. the explosive power of the

sun mr physicists work to predict solar storms and protect the earth. and she rests and chameleons the lizard that has surprised scientists while you do think low in the tongue. thus our first story is all about food tacos are passed out as popular in mexico made with hope marinated in pineapple and cheese. in ivory coast deep fried plantain sour a favorite. they may not be low fast but they are super tasty. in india but at us are a popular staple where the eastern plain all stuffed flavors give an overall italy's but how does our sense of taste work. are these cookies tasty. when you like what you see you dig

in after all looks count right when chewing you feel the cookie on your tongue is it harder soft warm or cold taste begins on the tongue it's covered with what are called propel a they in turn are covered by taste buds. the bumps of the pill enlarge the tongue surface area significantly flavor is analyzed directly at the pill way by the taste buds on its surface. they absorb the substances found in the cookie and direct them to the taste buds sensory cells. these sensory cells are renewed every week. we're able to recognize sweet salty sour and bitter flavors as well as what's called miami a savory taste associated with meats or cheese. those

five basic tastes can be sensed by every area of the tongue which collects information about what is being sensed and relays it directly to the brain. we took to facebook to ask what tastes best to you. mark a researcher likes to malice a dish made of corn dough wrapped in banana to use it's a speciality from guatemala and mexico. dominic like spanking best a condo served with grilled fish. maybe it's a reason loves believe in homey test corn husks filled with seasons cormac's. kenneth loves kenyan roast goats and corn meal. and does he likes american native chicken dish that's popular in the philippines. yes it looks great.

but did you know when it comes to taste all your senses play a part your sense of smell sight touch hearing as well as a taste for many of our food is about enjoyment but one scientist in britain it involves a whole lot more. teaching is a science at least as far as charles spencer is concerned the oxford university professor enjoys manipulating the sense of taste simply by changing the color of the cup music playing in the background you can change the taste of food that is something no one kind of believes. can possibly be true here's the job of the gastro physicist to do the experiments to demonstrate the stuff built an understanding of how the brain works and how the senses can act. according to spence for example the physical shape of a cup alters the taste of the coffee. as you feel something round in my

hand that burns out next as you make the cup more angular that tends to accentuate the acidic notes instead and then by changing of the shape of the cup over the surface of the liquid then you can accentuate one hands. out. seeing hearing tasting smelling and touching the full experience of a meal is made up of all the senses and what they come together to create. the self described gastro physicist has played with the concept underachieved results that first glance would seem part to prove. sound as the forgotten flavor sense and that could be the sound of rhythm the sound of the food itself but the crunchy crispy crackling through the sounds of the places in which we eat the sounds of preparation the sounds of the coffee machine we heard over. the sound of music fans or noise to. spend says his work has shown that listening to high pitch

music while eating makes tastes sweeter. whereas low notes trigger associations with a more bitter taste experience. so an immediate taste sensation can be enhanced or tempered. spence's experimental research even inspired an acclaimed chef to serve diners a plate of seafood with a side of seaside sounds. under diners reported that the dishes tasted much more authentic. go would say further. select or create music that has to keep a profit is very high and picture picture rough. with different instruments and by so doing systematically season your food. seasoning. to show that your perception of taste involves all of your senses spence conducted a live survey involving several hundred test subjects. it was

a whisky tasting session with different audiovisual backdrops. participants all sampled the same whisky in a room with grassy turf on the floor while listening to a soundscape recorded in a summer meadow. they then sipped from the same glass in a room containing round forms illuminated in red tones to the sound of high pitch music. the last room how to wooden floor accompanied by the sound of creaking timbers and low notes on wooden instruments each time the participants noted the ratings of the whisky smell taste and texture the results of the three hots and five hundred people that people said that the glass in us on the nose of the whiskey was about fifteen percent higher in the grass root the sweetness was about ten percent more pronounced in the sweet room and so the text from the aftertaste now feel the whiskey was about fifteen percent higher again in the woody room at the end and the people who are scorecards could see i know this was he has not left

my hand and i can see my school card and see that i said defray different things about one of the same drink. the results helped to explain a phenomenon that many people are familiar with. that when you go on holiday to the mediterranean as in all the european in the movie a rose a wine taste wonderful you sitting there by the by the shore the sun was beating down you with your family relaxed your whole day one taste wonderful so good you're tempted to buy some and bring it back home and share it with your friends and family on a cold winter's night and then you open it it just never quite taste the same. there's no question that spends enjoys playing around with a sense of taste. as a scientist he's also excited about the opportunities offered by the digital age. as you look at food he can deliver augmenting reality so i can change what this biscuit looks like i can make it bigger or smaller i can change the color or have got something like a cup of coffee say with this has at my colleagues in japan now have it such that i

can cream i can add make the street look hot up by adding steam flowing off the top the idea is we can make things taste better different make it look like i'm eating a really big cookie will i be happy with less or will i put my brain figure out that i'm being fooled how and where you eat and drink the utensils you use. all of it influences your perceptions. so taste to a large extent at least is all in your head. and head is one thing this robot doesn't have that handle it is easy to program and can do all kinds of jobs which may seem very popular with scientists some of them are now teaching him and age old. ones to the left once to the right hand of the robot is learning to knit his classroom as

a laboratory at the technical university of berlin when his minder. what services panda could learn to perform for research purposes they thought why not knitting. us first we all found the idea and using it for the more i thought about it the more i thought why we're laughing about it. maybe because we tend to associate robots with a high tech future and not a traditional handicraft another reason for the disconnect many robots today are being designed in ways that propagate gender cliches depending on whether they're intended for roles considered typically masculine typically feminine. behind and we have a very clearly defined division of labor along gender lines and the new technology is simply being slotted into existing social patents. the scientists are hoping to break some of those cliched gender roles with

a powerful robotic arm that does nothing. in teaching the robot how to get the researchers have to put themselves in the robots position to understand what's needed. it's a principle that will be even more necessary in the future if robots are to help around the home for a cure for the elderly or the sick. the scientists aren't teaching the robot to knit so that it can produce sweaters and socks what they're trying to do is explore the interaction between people and machines but i'm only cook so when we constantly focus on the cooperation between us as human beings on the robotic arm the goal is not to replace knitting machines or people but to find out what's going on at this interface. and not just via theoretical discussions but also with practical experiments the team is made up of sociologists i.t. specialists and socio cultural analysts the insights gained while teaching panda

the robot to net a recorded in an online blog. knitting classes for robots an unusual research project making its own in conspicuous contribution to a future where robots and people will increasingly work side by side and hand in hand. research out in space would be impossible without the use of robots carrying out tests space humans have yet to train. up sedation satellites. space telescopes. and unmanned probes explore everything from planets to the moon to asteroids. now a new mission scheduled to start next year will focus on the star at the same also system. the sun is a see the map of much air in fractions of a second it produces

a thousand times more energy than the entire human race uses in a year in comparison to the sun earth is minuscule. the star at the center of our solar system blasts mass clouds of electrically charged particles into space some of which can damage satellites. maybe even knocked out power grids on earth that happened in march one thousand nine hundred nine for example. the entire power grid in the community in province of quebec collapsed after the transformers literally burned through it was the middle of the canadian winter and suddenly six million people were without power. to help protect vital technology on earth physicists in the german city of pottstown a study in the sun very closely they want to predict solar storms

a number of satellites already providing detailed information about the star and the stormy cloud of superheated gas that surrounds it. images like this are of course very impressive that something special about solar physics compared to astrophysics or extragalactic physics we can actually see the processes happening on the sun they occur on a time scale that we can still observe for ourselves. with help from the european space agency's solar orbiting satellite the researches want to discover more about how solar storms develop to do so the satellite will need to get extremely close to the sun and then spend ten days observing just one area of the burning ball of gas the scientists imparts helps develop an important instrument for the satellite it was tested here at the einstein tower an observatory where solar research has been conducted for over ninety years. now they're testing complex high tech components

for a special purpose telescope. it will be placed on board the solar orbiter for the mission to the sun protected from the intense radiation by a heat shield the telescope will focus on the hottest parts of it atmosphere the regions where solar storms can develop. every day the scientists here observe the titanic solar forces at work does that change their view of the world. makes you humble you realize how unimportant we really are compared to the entire universe we humans often think we're so important but we're just a tiny speck in the universe subject to the laws of nature. the new satellite is due to launch in twenty twenty the scientists say the data it sends

back will give us a whole new insights into the way our sun works. the sun is around one hundred fifty million kilometers from earth sometimes it's a little closer than that at other times a little further away depending on the earth's current position in orbit. measuring distances in space is something of a science in itself a view in mexico but a question about that. how can distances be measured in outer space. there are cosmic home in the solar system we can still apply common measuring standards such as mars and kilometers. in recent decades we've explored deep in our own backyard with space probes. and we've even sent human beings to our nearest neighbor the moon which is about four hundred thousand kilometers away. compared with the distance of saturn

which is about one and a half billion kilometers away. and we'd have to travel over forty trillion kilometers to get to the next star system. but is that a distance anyone can imagine. years to travel that far because light always moves at the same constant speed throughout the universe astronomers can use it to define distances. they can determine how far away. using this. method involves measuring a given position in the night sky. six months later they measure it again they can then calculate the distance to us using trigonometry but this method only works for objects relatively close to us up to a distance of about one hundred fifty light years. if astronomers want to find out

the dimensions of the milky way or the distance to our neighboring galaxies they have to use another measuring stick sifi of variables see fields are pulsating stars that at certain periods have a known luminosity that's why they're also known as standard candles astronomers can calculate the distance using the amount of light that reaches their telescope at specific times during a sci fi it's pulsation. specific kinds of exploding stars or supernovae are even brighter standard candles these light sources kmita tempted by the hubble space telescope right up to the edge of the visible universe one image shows galaxies that are more than thirteen billion light years away the deepest view yet into outer space. is out that is red white but only thing. do you have a science question that you've always wanted answered it we're happy to help out

and send it to us as a video text over as well if we answer it on the show we'll send you a little surprise as a thank you cannot just ask. interested in more stories from the world of science go to our website find us on twitter or facebook. a number of fish do it. do some corals and sponges they glow in the dark it's known as fire fluorescents they have ultraviolet light and projected as a different color and it's not just restricted to marine life the phenomenon also crops up on land sometimes to the surprise of scientists. it all began with a coincidence biologist. saw a photograph online that showed a chameleon with strange glow in the dark spots. the

chameleon expert was surprised he'd never seen the phenomenon in the animals before that's why it first put so thought it was a fake then he saw it with his own eyes. his panther chameleon also has been exposed to u.v. light a mysterious fluorescent pattern appears around its skull. this is not about you jump up and yell eureka instead you realize you have all kinds of work still ahead when we stumbled on this we were fascinated that no one had heard of it it's an absolutely new phenomenon that had never been seen before and it could be linked to communication. between current. chameleons don't have voices and make very little noise at all. usually they're brown and green so they're already well camouflaged on soil or in vegetation most

don't actively blend into the environment. they mostly change color when they want to communicate with each other. even if it just shows that comedians are pretty social animals they drop their camouflage when they want to say something to another chameleon where the two expressed that this is their territory or with my also that they might be interested in mating the females on the other hand also have colors that signal to myself that it's not worth trying because they're already pregnant. that shows how important interest species communication is also among lizards. so could it be that the mysterious fluorescent patterns are far more ways to communicate. the chance discovery made the researcher curious if the fluorescent patterns were indeed a useful trait in evolutionary terms than others. she said chameleon would likely

have them too they probably wouldn't be found only in panther chameleons. the researcher hopes to test his theory at munich's bavarian state collection of. one of the largest collections of chameleons in the world is stored here preserved in alcohol. generally it's pretty much impossible to draw any conclusions about body color when i specimen is preserved in alcohol chameleons fade quite quickly and the original color of bleach is out in it's not yet clear whether the preserved animals will really provide evidence of a perhaps completely new discovery. and if it was the russians were no longer visible in the specimens preserved in alcohol and the discovery would probably never have happened it's not like we're surrounded by living chameleons. but parts of it got lucky he found a fluorescent pattern around the skull and eight out of twelve groups of known

chameleons he investigated many different species have the patterns males more than females and the pattern differs from species to species. and the experts noticed something else the fluorescent areas are all located right at the tip of small bony bombs found on the lizard skulls. researches have always noticed these bony bumps or crests they've been used in the past to tell species apart because they vary from one species to the next chris but the exact function of these crests has always remained a mystery to the fluorescents could provide a possible explanation for them because the pattern correlates exactly with these crests and bony structures on the head. a more detailed investigation of the small bony structures reveals that the skin covering the bands

is extremely thin practically transparent. through these openings sunlight shines directly on the bones and they fluorescent light in the opposite direction. from fluorescents and marine organisms is a relatively well known phenomenon it's been observed among two hundred fish species as well as a number of sponges and corals but on land fluorescents has been discovered in very few animals now we suddenly find out the chameleons overall are more or less fluorescent animals that makes the phenomenon very special. many chameleons species that display fluorescent patterns live in shady tropical forests where the proportion of ultraviolet light and undergrowth is relatively high and the animals for us on exactly those wavelengths. it's a range that potential enemies can't detect but one that's likely visible to their

fellow chameleons. research has shown the chameleon well towards the blue end of the spectrum. and they. have century souls and their eyes that are sensitive to u.v. . blue is a very red color in the forest so a fluorescent blue would work very well as a medium of communication it would provide a constant signal for members of the same species and help complement the language of color which changes to. an interesting theory but one that has yet to be proved for now the fluorescent patterns found in chameleons remain a mystery. incidentally the quarry of victoria jellyfish is another creature that lights up right now and this one is relaxed but get it stressed and it'll turn green because you see the green fluorescent protein scientists manage to

isolate the gene responsible when they injected it into the d.n.a. of other cells they want to study they were able to trace the path of molecules or observe the growth of cancer cells that discovery even one them a nobel prize. next week vacuum cleaners that operate on their own piecing and refrigerators controlled remotely by smartphone the internet of things is the stuff of the future but is it safe more on that next time join us then on to more are today.

good shape. are you actually getting a good rest and sufficient sleep or do you often wake up at night. when you explain what when is it normal and when. sleep disorders what are the

reasons for restless nights. the change in thirty minutes w. . more limited time news from africa and the world joining us on facebook at g.w. africa. it's up. to. an extravagant venue comes. down to hosts who really know their stuff. off groups. which go to bed and definition home for. the party and chat with musicians from around the world.

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international women's day and that was such a big do isn't find no names miss out on the brink recently dangerous new look for half a dozen married for my. place . this is due to be a news life for berlet on international women's day we need women working to change the status quo even if they have to do so in secret like this petition in tehran we'll tell you why her side business says that tattoo artist is very risky also coming up five years after the disappearance of malaysia airlines flight m h three seventy we need the son of one of the passengers like many other family members he

is refusing to give up the search for answers and one of the world's.