gave birth while in office and brought her newborn to work her critics claimed lots of style little substance well that all changed last friday for new zealand prime minister just. the deadliest terror attack in her country's history fifty people killed tonight the world is watching the prime minister talk the talk and walk the walk keeping her compassion and keeping her work go through berlin this is the day . the mountain of flowers around the country that live at the mall six spontaneous song outside the gates these our way of expressing an outpouring of love and. sanctity meaning being freed from the fear of violence. being free from the fear of those seem to him and surprises them and. they create

a crisis we have violence can flourish. if every single one of us has the power to change that. he's a terrorist he's a criminal he's an extremist that these will bring i think. also coming up islamic state has lost its caliphate in syria but not its hold on the minds of thousands of children tonight you'll meet the oscar nominated filmmaker who lived with this the hottest under cover in search of a way to save the children of the caliphate before they grow up to kill. the father to his side from the moment his son is wrong he named teams in yosemite and that's mean that keith's in on his life he doesn't have a choice. but to our viewers on p.b.s.

in the united states and all the around the world welcome we begin the day with the names to be spoken and a name to be silenced and the face of a tragedy it has been five days since a gunman killed fifty people at two mosques in the new zealand city of christ church today prime minister just into our value to never again speak the name of the shooter denying him the notoriety she says that he craved and killed for art and has received praise around the world since last friday's shooting she has become the face of empathy in tragedy thanks to what she has been saying but also because of what she has done and because of what she has worn twenty four hours after the massacre she stood in the center of a room full of mourning relatives and covered her here and her decision to wear a job was seen as a powerful sign of respect to those muslims engulfed in grief and yesterday keeping her word is she met with her cabinet and secured an agreement to overhaul the

country's gun laws a ban on semiautomatic weapons is expected soon in today she moved hearts by reaffirming her plans to keep the wives stolen at the center of her efforts and to deny the killer the attention that he sought in cold blood. i've said many times mr speaker we are a nation of two hundred if necessities one hundred sixty languages we open our doors to others and say welcome and the only thing that must change after the of being so friday is that this same door must close on all of those who espouse hate and fear he sought many things from his act of tira but one was no shariah. and that is why you will never hear me mention his name he is a terrorist he is a criminal he is an extremist but he will when i speak be nameless and to others i implore you speak the names of those who were lost rather than the

name of the man who took them we wish every member of our communities to also feel safe safety means being free from the fear of violence but it also means being free from the fear of those seem to moments of racism and hate they create a place where violence can flourish and every single one of us has the power to change that. that is the prime minister of new zealand there i'm joined tonight by a man who knows just in darden's part of the world very well its politics and its people i'm happy to welcome you to the big table jeffrey bleich she's former us ambassador to australia and now chairman of the william fulbright scholarship board the fulbright and one of the world's most coveted enry now and international studies and exchange programs ambassador it's good to have you on the show you're in berlin this week for the fulbright commission's annual conference here in berlin

and we want to talk about fulbright in just a moment but i'd like to talk to you first as the former ambassador to australia the gunman in last week's new zealand mosque massacres came from australia what went through your mind when you heard that. well first brant thank you for having me on and and thank you for being a full brother yourself. what went through my mind when i heard the news i i hope is the same thing that went through the minds of all decent people around the world which is this is her fake act an act of. hate and violence and everything that we should be standing against and to hear the news. here in berlin. i think it just it merely brought to mind underlain or know that we stand against those who are denied their respect their dignity their lives because of who they are and what they believe were you completely shocked that and all stroy you could be involved

in what looks like a white supremacist terror attack well part of what was surprising about an australian being involved is that it's very difficult to get weapons in in australia after. a shooting that occurred in one thousand nine hundred six there was mass shooting there and afterwards australia just had his laws and they haven't had a mass shooting since one thousand nine hundred sixty. but you know hate exists everywhere you know and the ability to do harm to others the. exists everywhere. you can't you can't blame. you know a nationality for for being criminals any more than being victims so my heart goes out to australians who i think our hearts second about this this one person's act you were ambassador to australia from two thousand and nine to two thousand and thirteen how often did this type of terror threat even come up in discussions and

it was even on the radar at the time were were most fears centered on islam is terror yeah i think in australia one of the one of the concerns was people being. radicalized and committing acts of terror you know in their in their home country going going to become a fighter and then returning with those fighter skills and turning answer on people and i think a combination of very good law enforcement but also a very pluralistic society in australia has really tamp that down if you look at australia it's one of the most diverse countries in the world and they've had a very open and broad immigration policy for the last thirty forty years that fear was. going away afghanistan for example yeah coming back but it's imagined that someone you know in new zealand would be facing someone from australia who had been radicalized right now i mean you know unfortunately i think

most of us don't don't sit around thinking of you know what terrible acts another person could do we try and go and live our lives and it's only when something like this happens it gives us all pause i mean there but for the grace of god go any of us we've seen these these attacks happen in churches and synagogues and mosques you know you know the places that should be sacred places that should be safe and i think it forces all of us to confront the need to. to fight hate ever we can new zealand's prime minister she has she's been praised for how she has handled this tragedy and crisis one reason is that she immediately called it terrorism and white supremacy terrorism i want you to contrast that to how the u.s. president responded when reporters asked him if he considers there to be a white supremacy problem around the world take a listen to how he responded. i don't really i think it's

a small group of people that have very very serious problems i guess if you look at what happened in new zealand perhaps that's a case i don't know enough about it yet they're just learning about the person and the people are. but it's certainly a terrible thing terrible thing you know if you were ambassador bolster you today how would you explain the u.s. president well. my personal views are different from presidents when you're invested or you find you find a way to articulate a broader principles and not get bogged down in individual words but since i'm not the ambassador i'd just say yes well you know white supremacy is terrorism is a form of terrorism and it's just as bad and as any other form of terrorism and should be called that should be condemned and we are asked all the time especially in the last week why is it so difficult for the u.s. president to be at least speaking to say it's to see what it is do you have an idea

well look i think there were efforts when president obama was president to have him say particular words you know islamic extremist terrorism and he would talk about terrorism because he didn't want to start you know trying to stink sions between different kinds of terrorist terrorist terror but i think the the you know issue is different approaches to to how you call this out but it's got to be called out and i have great admiration for how prime minister arden has as you know shown not only in her words been in her actions her commitment to this community of faith which is under attack around the world due to the topic of muslims migration is them is terror white supremacy extremism we know that it's politically divisive in australia i want you to take

a look at what happened. and senator when he was asked about this type of terror in new zealand and australia take a look when people are getting. that video of course you know with around the world. i think there was you know a go fund account set up for the truth through the egg at the senator what does it tell you that about australian society today compared to when you were there as ambassador yeah well when i was a massacre there were a number of instances where people were cream pie one of them as opposed to egg and one of the things i appreciated about australians is you know they are direct in their criticism and now and you know

a cream pie to the face doesn't feel good it's kind of embarrassing on camera but it's not something that you would normally punch a teenager over and i've been very heartened to see the reaction of politicians across the aisle in australia condemning you know the senator saying look it's already have negra act on your head but you don't you don't just start throwing punches and one of the things i worry about is this sense that toughness and strength are somehow demonstrated through violence the whole reason we. develop the institutions that we have is to prevent exactly that to resolve disputes without violence and so we need our leaders to role model that we need our leaders to show you can solve problems you know with words of this yeah let's talk a little bit about fulbright you had a u.s. program designed to bring people together to cross borders to tear down walls as you said i was a fulbright scholar many years ago here in germany. how are how are you doing in

this trump error of america first and also knowing that there are always there is always a threat of cuts to programs like fulbright. you know one of the one aspects of fulbrights genius was saying that the conditions that created world war two and other great conflicts were based on fact the people didn't know each other and it's particularly during periods of distress where there's miscommunications intentions that you need to accelerate these programs so folks right is more vibrant than it ever was after world war two there are twenty seven countries where we had bilateral programs now it's one hundred sixty three hundred eighty thousand alone so there hasn't been it there hasn't been a trump effect. that you can that you can really feel now and in fact in two ways one is the the senate in particular in the house have rallied around the fulbright

program that's increased our budget because and to stand the importance of this program now and they're the ones who control the control the dollars i think the other the other thing that's been. you know just an inspiring is seeing how many people are applying and how the program continues to grow i was just at the berlin someone there are five hundred fifty. five writers from you know twenty different countries here in europe and united states walk from germany it's our biggest programs it's right in the world and you know they're fired up you know they they they they see a problem and they see a lack of understanding in the world and they want to get in there and do something it is a president you were appointed fulbright word by former president obama have to have you survived two years with president. i mean how do you survive him not asking you to leave basically and we know we know how politics well they've been busy asking a lot of other people believe maybe i'm just a little lower on the list but no i mean i think the the work of fulbright is you

know it doesn't it doesn't have a party it doesn't have an identity it's you know both parties supported both you know both sides of government even during a time where there seems to be a lot of polarization they get the value of this and so i think as long as i represent fulbright's values and stay there you know hopefully i get to continue to serve and. be inspired the way i have been here in berlin that continues as well jeffrey bleich the chairman of the fulbright scholarship committee and former u.s. ambassador to australia mr bush we appreciate you taking the time to be with us tonight thank you brant you make us all proud of fulbright program thank you very much. so-called islamic state is all but the feeded in syria the future of many fighters and their families however remains unclear and that of their children as well many are traumatized

many have received militia training in how to kill in his oscar nominated documentary of fathers and sons syrian filmmaker. reveals just how problematic it could be to rehabilitate the children of jihad as fighters. this is that the hardest training camp for children. to be unshockable. to face death without showing any signs of weakness to become hardened militants from a young age that. was sent here by his father . himself. these images were filmed in northern syria not far from the border with turkey. the camp was run by the terrorist group. a group inspired by al qaeda the syrian filmmaker. came to the region to shoot the documentary of

fathers and sons he spent over two years living with us summer and his family gradually gaining their trust by protecting to sympathize with their course this gave an insight into the process that turns innocent children into jihadist fighters i want to understand. how you become what you are who are those people from the inside what is the courts what is the thing. to brainwash the people. in some ways the family appears quite normal the children are bought up in an environment where there's love and care but also radical religious education or samas father has been a member of the terrorist group for two decades he trains his sons to follow in his footsteps from their earliest years the intimacy of family life and the horrors of

war are never far apart. the children's play time is also dominated by themes of war or violence one game involves playing with a makeshift bomb with even the youngest children involved. only. one day the boys catch it and kill it. we put his head down and cut it off like how you did it father to that man like this allah is great father and sighed from the moment his son was born he named team. and that's mean that the kids in his life he don't have a choice. and the many other radicalized children and young men in syria have known little else in their lives but violence and war forced to leave their families to fight in just heard they now face an uncertain future.

and here with me at the big table is the maker of fathers and sons it's good to have you here in the studio. after seeing that i have to ask you is it possible to ever rehabilitate these children. i believe so i mean we have not to forget that it's not their fault all innocent in the low since the human being starved they are innocent if they're adults this community you want them to follow this path or to be a soldiers for their projects but this is not their field of their true broken and this is not their mistake they are too if really they find the warm heart of they find something to get in there is a three month absolute and this is you can see in the films through the i'm and how he managed to run from the from the sharia. and then has to be in the normal school

after many years but you know that means they have to have to be taken out of that environment right absolutely so does that mean you know we hear all the time. tonight there are thousands of children if you are in the custody of. of islamic state but are now in the custody of military forces in syria for example they're basically orphans right now right there they're looking for families that mean that if they are if they find a family there or in the west then the chances are good that they can lead normal happy lives believe there's a big bruises before this is they have if that as a believe they could should be on the third place you go in the in a b. or a city i don't know which country can do this they and professional people can take care of them they do cation they should be also an adult who are really feeling the

difference acute with them they we should to create all these old this concept that they can find really the tentative barents for for them and and you you would not believe how they get change quickly you know it's true children are very resilient very flexible and have you if you found. a demand since you put this film a demand from people who want to help these children have been have you if you see that increase i mean it's there is a lot of people but with this case it's more political it's more a global issue of the government to give them permission to borrow money inside that to take steps like this to take those who should return to take because they are for example if they are german or french or whatever they have really to to find the profession and find that really with the right solution and they did then

we never faced something like this before and then we really need to show the difference between us and the business where there were you know we hear all the time that there's this fear that if these children are not rescued they will grow up. to be the next generation of jihad is that true it's not about jihad i mean they can still have the influence of violence to be more nervous to be more violence when they grow up but this is also can be there's a treatment for this but jihad as an ideology from my experience shouldn't don't be forfeit it's given to them by it's given because they don't have other options they don't moan you know they believe this is the whole world and they don't care it's not it's not funny it's not for them it's not with any simple thing they've been attractive to them than jihad the idea and you were you know with the people in

this town this family to yours right if you were basically there under cover if they thought that you were one of them. how did you do that i mean were you afraid that they were going to discover what your true intentions were i mean they would have killed you then right i was afraid but world from the beginning like i prepared old what is need to be there i have an axis on the ground i was already there with more like me like different a group not to need that much reading and when i found a bit of soon who can with me contact with those people i went there i just behave exactly as they won't like to behave because they don't understand. they only accept you if you exactly like they if you full of their myth and follow that crazy idea so they this is the only way to be close to them for that long time and to make it you from. capture every single moment and this is what i was there

because all of us we need to understand who are those people what is the brainwash what is the and what your vision of the very much is this is a delusion it's not just a group of people you can get through the foot and it's and it's moved as a sickness as a concert. from place to place i want to i want to ask you before we run out of time do you plan on doing another film maybe going back or maybe trying to find some of these children let's say in ten years and see what's happened to them is that something you can imagine doing i can do but in the upcoming two years i need i need the piece of history that i could cover from this experience and it's been more it's been tough on you right yeah and it's a nightmare i name it's a nightmare so i capture my nightmares with just him without any violence it's about social life but i think the closing group so it's still like but it's in my mind to go through all of these well we appreciate you coming in tonight and

sharing this with this and the film is fantastic and just that's a good reason jim and yes that's right so good luck with that and if you do another come back to see us so logically thank you very much. well the day is almost over but the conversation continues online you'll find us on twitter either at g.w. news or you can follow me at broadcast t.v. don't forget to use the hash tag the day and remember whatever happens between now and then tomorrow is another day we'll see you then ever.

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