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tv   Doc Film  Deutsche Welle  April 5, 2019 3:15am-4:01am CEST

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what's the connection between bread biome and the european union dinos guild motto w correspondent and alan baker can stretch this back in line with the words sex by the teachers. cots. staffing recipes for success strategy that make a difference. baking bread on the d.w. . block.
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the shot. with. these. northern rwanda july fourth two thousand and fifteen. in july nine hundred ninety four troops of the rwandan patriotic front or include tony seize the capital kigali and put an end to the mass slaughter of the tutsi population. it was the final genocide of the twentieth century. on their one patriotic front is a political and military movement founded in one nine hundred eighty seven am. told so gummy has led the r.t.f. since the early one nine hundred ninety s. it has been one just president since two thousand and three. i. have talked in our culture. did you know we make
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a distinction between what is good and what is evil. what you can you put on that no one needs to explain that to us i would hope we don't need anyone to show us the path to dignity we have actually. we know what to do. for that what i would people were killed for that. moment no one has the right to condemn us. over just one hundred days between april and july one thousand nine hundred ninety four one of history's most notorious killing machines tore through ronda a million tutsis were exterminated often with the active support of the local population. and then kentucky are at the heart of this complex story of unparalleled violence. that story deserves to be
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told in full through interviews with some of the major participants. you know. different things and. unless there is more chris and. where one is keeping the other one. this sort of thing up both to. the will or. to see chief among the dozens chiefs. so you want they knew was. the tickets to the.
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our story begins in the one nine hundred fifty s. and at that time rwanda was still governed by belgium. rwanda is one of the smallest countries in africa and is the most densely populated. it's sometimes called the land of a thousand hills. the country's main crops certainly in coffee. three population groups share the same land language and guards the majority hutu who are farmers took c. who raise cattle and the twelve who were hunter gatherers. belgium decided that all three were ethnic groups and through its support behind the tutsi but with the rise of the african independence movement in the one nine hundred fifty s. the tutsi demanded an end to belgium's rule.
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the belgians supported by the vatican and the white fathers group of catholic missionaries responded by. building up the political and social strength of the hutu. this was to have immediate and tragic consequences in one nine hundred fifty nine hutu launched a violent wave of attacks on the tutsi minority calling it a social revolution. after rwanda gained its independence in one nine hundred sixty two greg walker you munda a young hutu was sworn in as president an estimated twenty thousand two teams had been killed in the conflict and one hundred fifty thousand others fled to neighboring countries. some went to the. yeah so my family went. that's where we stayed.
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for a couple of. years. so we grew up with the. comps shift to one place to another. going to winter if she. had been militants fighting. the government klunder older than me. and we used to hear their stories. yet the two hundred couple of times of course right from. the ground the side from the wounds from the stories over the years twenty years is. the. person they were always disapproving still to be these terrorists are based outside the country that ten twenty or forty of them cross the border at night. but i
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believe that it will be absolutely impossible for them to overthrow the regime this . little you to say yes that's what will happen now. to me i'll be put in prison or killed i'm concerned about it i'm sure afraid everyone dies. and indeed most close to nigeria. in time the fight. most of the time so cool creating. it in the course. but for. what do you think of the terrorists used to. simply tell you it's just a few hot heads because they recruit young people. most of them are bandits. and the bond with greg walk
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a huge bundle was president for ten years during that time those to see who remained in rwanda suffered widespread repression. many were deported to the bogus era swamps. in one nine hundred seventy three juvenile how do you every month from the country's north overthrew kayu bond as regime in. the massacres of tutsis came to an end but they were still subjected to discrimination. and. the tutsis regrouped in neighboring countries particularly in uganda where many rwandans lived in exile at first their struggle was cultural. and then expanded to include a political and military agenda. in the early one nine hundred eighty s. they took the exiles one support from the leader of uganda's national resistance movement you where in was seventy. the movement is
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a nationalist organization. it is a national. in the sense that it is fighting for the end of the whole country and not for a means of a section of the country they just don't buy them sort of. pretty open open to commit the us because also if you look for is it you know who is one of these and with you going to the same people as if the is the if these are running during the i mean you've got to know this one is. these who are part of the teach the desperate. drill wondered tootsies made up one third of these forces one of the top commanders was fred really game. another was pollock a gummi who specialized in intelligence operations do. when
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was seven he was sworn in as uganda's president in one thousand nine hundred six he appointed both men to senior posts. through a game or became deputy minister of defense and took over as head of intelligence. did rwandan president juvenal javier eamonn a suspect that during this parade he was watching those who would bring down his government just a few years later. nature seeks most of us how ready to be part of the. new. skids. we learned a lot growing. and maturing your education but it. so we tried to bring everybody together. and fuck us. the name the undisputed crud. they're all one patriotic front to our
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p.f. was created in one nine hundred eighty seven it was supported by tutsi exiles and some hutu government opponents like future r.p.s. chairman alexis kenya ringway the organization built up a military force led by fred to really game a. meanwhile tensions were rising in uganda. the military and at least part of the civilian population became increasingly upset about the presence of large numbers ever wanting to seize. one ability. given us a hospital before the left or to use the ideas or kind of been treated as they came over as well because you know you're always going to go on are. being described
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disgruntled that's why we should treat the. president was seventy responded to the discontent by ordering a census of tutsi exiles in uganda. deputy defense minister frederick gamers saw this as a threat to the tutsis and decided it was time for them to return home. they kept adding to the. police. will fall to new ground and one. but two fold you called who had support of the petition. wanting to do but of course i will support you. because i don't want you to be defeated and come back here. there was this more. within the one done. with one's within the another. that would be different to talk of one. and it was so we could have
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decided. we moved us to going and so we just. uniforms the guns being up to the border. you get stronger when we cross the border that we don't move all of the military groups let me put it ranks. but stayed with a uniform. well yeah i know you do and you would not know my son on the lot no no i. don't you know i'm i won't come oh yeah no no no no. no no why you're here stroking the board. first of october it was good it was.
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forces fluids. down in the morning before we'd have to cause it to work we were on a surprise to see that in the midst to shit us with the. major general with your mom. it took they did i'm just a minutes after i was he was standing on the exposed he'd open. to front of the enemy to do. the short. bullets on it was on the floor has done. and. that's the official version. but other reports say he was killed by a deputy commander in an argument over military tactics. for the time being really game as death was kept secret so as not to demoralize the
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troops or to encourage the enemy. but. we knew that some of the soldiers had fought for the liberation of uganda. we knew that they had experience able conventional warfare and guerrilla tactics so this on october first one thousand nine hundred ninety one we got the order to attack. my comrades who were my age were afraid because we had no experience in battle but. there was a degree of what if the troops were attacked us then mixed with the civilian population of enemy forces attacked the capital so the next day we decided to stage a raid in the area around if you got it. in the rwandan capital ten
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thousand two teams were detained. president hubby yari munna appealed for help from friendly states like say year and especially france were ties between king galley and paris had been closed since the one nine hundred eighty s. . president francois mitterrand felt he had to support france's main ally in east africa. don't you will jump east of me i was in john christophe metropolis office on october fifth. the phone rang. and i knew right away that hobby ari mana was on the line i mean they talked for four or five minutes. and said well here we go they've gone berserk and could golly thank you for the rebels have reached the capital that wasn't true but that's what how the area mana had told them. to believe it though he said we'll send the
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guy some troops and it'll all be over in three months. that assessment was a bit premature yes of. course you need to. conclude that it is true. so are the christians there when then went back to. get it out and more. often that never was you know to cause. damage. being god i don't know why in one nine hundred ninety kg ami had been studying at a military college in the us but returned to rwanda to lead the r.p.s. troops. is new strategy was to move his forces out of open areas where they were exposed to enemy attack and deploy them in the mountains. more or do you know right you know.
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why. when you're on your feet you know. more. and more. whoa whoa whoa whoa whoa he was ahead of to by. this event a budget isn't one hundred learn sitting with but look at twelve. we are here because of industry so said make a choice it's a simple to be discreet in then to do things that i had to it and that i'd stay or you pitch i don't think you know a novice should be making this chase to finish. a new surge and accounting for everything. starting with our lives because so
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many people were killed. because of some disappointing. government deployed the other. he deployed how do you monitor forces because they're going to want to force is the last initiative and responded to these movements. the french guilty side under supported. nor was. i personally had a different complaint. because that i don't remember the word and different but what they had because who i want to put in a different standard. i had of them saying. that the.
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you know they were like abusing them of course see the. for us you need the government and then the world france they don't need it people are so many people in. the station is that it but isn't it it's not the people. the way under sago mine understand it. used you know no weapons i mean is that a five minute walk ten hours one hundred twenty meeting the time of tears. it's. a. little bit different than. the inca tony suffered heavy casualties in the fighting. throughout one nine hundred ninety two there was a succession of battles and ceasefires the rebels seized towns that had been abandoned by terrified residents. troops set up their headquarters at
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a tea factory in the village of melinda which stands over the hills of northern rwanda. the incra tunney continued to advance at the same time government troops carried out a number of deadly attacks on tutsi civilians the soldiers referred to them derisively as indians or cockroaches. when they know. the any n.z. every turn. they sent their own children to fight here. for all of you know that let us exterminate these conscious. about what. i am remember what is written in the gospel. if you give the snake the chance to bite it will bite. i must drive all of them out to ethiopia.
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february eighth one thousand nine hundred ninety three a date that could have changed the course of history. in response to the first massacre the in qahtani launched a major attack that took them all the way to kick ali president was forced to negotiate. a regional believe this in november there of course still i mean. the french said yes but shoot they may consider last wish. the best. so they said because. they decided against securing a quick military victory against the government. but he had definitely proven to the international community that his forces held the upper hand.
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in the. peace talks began in the tanzanian city of a russia none of the sides involved in the conflict seemed interested in an agreement president hubby yari mana had little room to negotiate. the defense ministries chief of staff colonel taylor nest bagosora refused to hold talks with the r.p.s. and a powerful group of hutu extremists led by the president's wife worked hard to keep the tutsis from having a share of political power. came. to negotiate the final details of all puts a government official in class. this stuff. didn't want to change anything. what happened was an ugly a shop by
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a foreigner in the us that's what he called us. and had to stop military. but he could. so he went to negotiation with the news in the. us or. so and stormed out of the negotiation the lucia that's when he told us. is going to. cut it all. up because it's. the ink attorney scored an impressive diplomatic victory they were assigned fully one half of the officers in rwanda's new army and forty percent of the rest of the troops. and they managed to secure a total of four ministries in the future a national unity government. but a. lot of what.
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was it. was six hundred in qahtani soldiers were sent to the new parliament in kigali to protect the took the politicians. come on my call for gummi remained at his headquarters in the windy. i was thousands of people gathered along the road between the lindy and kigali to cheer the incl tunney troops. four months later most of them would be dead. i. sifted through september and i mean that's the plan was to set up a transitional government. but kept putting it off report because he didn't want to press this is it's just to try to destroy.
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president hubby yairi munna was no isolated his political options were limited. i in early one nine hundred ninety four the situation created a power vacuum that was soon filled by hutu extremists. who group led by the president's wife and some senior military officers now stepped up their campaign against the tutsis. the president's paramilitary militias known as the interim way join the campaign. colonel bogus or about five hundred thousand machetes from china and handed them out to the hotels. and the state propaganda machine went into high gear the extremist hutu newspaper congress and especially the radio station milk stirred up and he took the sentiment.
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they are evil the dog was helpless to exterminate them the enco tenney are an evil group the only solution is to exterminate them. the rule. or the po. when he quit we listened to the radio station to see me colleen. and first week of school because we couldn't believe what they were saying. it was their broadcasts were done well and they were convincing so you had to respect them for that. they were real professionals and knew how to send the right messages. but but it wasn't until the genocide really started that we realised the role that this radio station was playing city duke says it could you. south of kigali in the swamp lands a book the interim way massacred entire families of tutsis.
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it was the opening round of a campaign of ethnic cleansing that would soon haunt the region. these massacres gradually destroyed the trust that had slowly been established between the rwandan people and the rwandan patriotic front. to back their own for. every morning the interim highway patrol passed us and pickup trucks. we were in the building that housed the national development council today's parliament they drove through the streets and screamed we will kill you we will kill you and through the korean move. in april one nine hundred ninety four president flew to tanzania to ratify peace treaties that would exclude hutu extremists from government. and the brutal brutal and therefore. the kickoff for me.
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next event. so i said why why should the president's problem. and a stable situation. relief for the for the for the minister of defense regrets of inform you that one of them head of state has died i'm expected loss of his excellency major general you've been all happy your rimando was killed on april sixth one thousand nine hundred ninety four at approximately eight thirty pm the so loved the aircraft in which he was returning from dar es salaam was shot down in circumstances that are still not clear.
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who had shot down happy yari manas plane there were several suspects including the radical hutus in the uk as the group they had an interest in removing a weak leader who had just sabotaged their political power. and paul konami who saw the president as an enemy who would likely never implement the terms of the peace treaty. in april one nine hundred ninety four rwanda descended into political chaos but the government responded remarkably quickly to honiara minister. within minutes of the announcement the presidential guard set up barriers in checkpoints throughout the capital. the midi theater the physios here they cordoned off everything and took control everywhere. because we the police no longer had access to important parts of the city you know what. or i
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mean you wouldn't see the u.n. peacekeeping troops couldn't get through either but. we had the legal right to go where we needed to. but the presidential guards had everything locked down. soldiers had set up anti aircraft batteries. the investigation into the president's death claim that the belgians were responsible for perhaps the in the so so that didn't make any sense. no sense at all. since. at r.p.'s headquarters in melinda james cover a bit a senior advisor to. briefed his boss on the situation in the capital.
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times. people. after people are just. coming. to. let us. i don't think even a five minutes fuss if something was already up and. the next morning some moderate hutus were murdered. including prime minister a got to. ten belgian soldiers who'd been assigned to protect or were killed. during the families the belgian soldiers are in danger they should stay home the presidential guard has arrived at the airport and they want to argue it's a put down their weapons. they're going to tell the. rest of us i think.
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the radical hutus had since a clear message to the united nations. at the same time men women and children of all ages whose identity cards identified them as tutsis were tortured and killed at checkpoints. the way it did members of the interim morning in the presidential guard ran around killing everyone they could find. their wishes i stayed at the presidential palace to take care of people who had fled there. that is the fish you have been with and i. have a kid with a two to three hundred soldiers provided them with food and treated the wounded. will see us what needed a victim and it's a cheapie many of them had cuts and other injuries that their friends and did
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a lot of soldiers were also wounded. of course they're different about our cold but you sort of see we told him if you continue like this it will never stop as a maze of clear cut the line and that's the last we heard of the fate of quebec that we can. do for those who salute ski you know like a sort of had a lot of power look you know he was the chief of staff at the defense ministry of one and control the hutu militias and the presidential guard if we didn't see some officers wanted was sort of to take power because. it almost seemed as though they'd been planning for this for a long time. indeed it is a victory party but others were against it. if you quote. an april eighth or a london caretaker government was assembled at the french embassy. the new prime
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minister was john come monday a banker and technocrat brought him to board but we will win the war against the time not i would be because with the support of the people the number of them. and we will defeat them. about being. i knew immediately to that office was in danger i'm delighted does who live there we knew. they would be attacked. and this was the demitted for us so the immediate thing they thought of was three fourths of the. to reinforce their now wasn't when all in the router's they wasn't going to ask you in to allow me to reinforce them because i knew this what was happening was not following in a group is.
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this what is your if you got it was when it was recruited it was sure. it's a far into the military comes on the call for them that is stalking them for all. the people this. goes. for so what was. question the dead have been lying hypocrite you may not believe in and a lot of children and young people. think i. was. just. the international community intervene to evacuated citizens. this effort inadvertently led to one of the worst massacres in modern history. the tutsi it were left to try to defend themselves against hutu attacks. there were scenes of unimaginable barbarity and some of it was captured on video.
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subjects your back this is also the to me we knew that the people with left behind would be killed. that he stands on the trail to help them out on their own and there were situations in which it would have been appropriate for us to ignore our orders pussy or he for example we could have rescued the five thousand people who were hiding at the technical schooling people. or not but it wasn't far from the airport. we could have brought those people to my shelter there. but we didn't. gave up and lived there son operated. me off when. i went to the. us when we went to plead. to accept. but the government of one. is committed to get
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genocide. that was discovered. and that time some was in the was boosted. out of one new me introduce the subject and would say ok we were in seclusion. to see. seem to do puts we're getting the puts will get she's of course out of. security concerns this is the. model and wrote a book that instructions from above from the news attentions. to miss him connections that. he didn't want to come to new servants and you know that since has to deploy forces. like. we have to kill the day off today. we are very committed you know we're doing everything here
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so that they can often bait the city of god the little one. gently say you know hit me assess your food and one day i recorded a ninety minute phone conversation with the mayor of these with and you know. he had asked the prefect for help because the in qahtani were approaching his village for the needless accordion was he one of the officials to evacuate the village the prefect stayed calm and said ok we'll take care of it and it went on like that it requires two goats and it one point the mayor said everything else here is fine with what we're doing a good job and i think we've taken care of the problem for the next one hundred years. and i'm out of iraq i want to. echo what i could argue that he would have a had and which i think. will bust through this fighting. the bunch was military. fighting the militias and
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just plain stupid it keating. it was civilians and saving as many as. it was the us today still has it. so to speak well a kid outnumbered fifty times. told the f.b.i. go by your p.f. think attorney forces were not very large overeaters and belgium center only twelve thousand five hundred soldiers. were killings everywhere that no army could have stopped it it would have taken three hundred thousand men. ok obviously. i was at an r.p.g. i think otani military camp about four or five kilometers from where. do you feel this would lead you the soldiers said they were going to take me to the site of a massacre. but i remember what one of them said to me at the time that it really
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had an effect on me. he said when i saw all those dead people it felt like my brain was melting. i found that expression interesting people so he just couldn't believe what he had seen he built it up to. the valleys of a plane that in the middle of the first thing i saw about twenty meters from the church was the corpse of a child about two years old. there were three other dead bodies. there was a statue of christ at the church. they had used a machine gun to shoot his head off. i asked the soldier why and he said because that christ looked like a tutsi. sheep. i walked through all the buildings there were corpses everywhere in every building everywhere you looked. dr was good also here in the inner courtyard at least you know the place was full of corpses thirty five thousand on the ground was littered
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with dead people. yeah you. know. and.
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choosing. thirty minutes on t.w. . pioneers of the world at their feet but success can be a rollercoaster ride. on the go. come on what kind of person do you have to be to bet everything the dice take goes your own way even if that path is fraught with risk pioneering spirit the phenomenon and its economic impact been made in germany. minutes w. . d. to know that seventy seven percent. are younger than six a lot. that's me and me and.
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you know what time of course is what. the seventy seven percent talk about the issue. from politics to class from housing boom boom boom town this is where. welcome to the seventy seven percent. of people six g.w. . german chancellor angela merkel has been in dublin for braggs at talks with her irish counterpart leo varadkar this comes nine days before britain could leave the european union with a deal which would in danger the open border between the republic of ireland an e.u. member and northern ireland which is part of the united kingdom. a proud member of
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