baker can stretch this point here in line with the rules set by the new leader. colleagues. for being recipes for success a strategy that makes a difference. baking bread on the d.w.i. . oh but bush corny henry ford or a mock back born in different eras and on different continents and yet they all have something in common they are all pioneers of industry with ideas and innovations they trade new ground and made a success of it welcome to made in this week's edition we want to look at how the

pioneering spirit continues to change the world for better or for worse and take this german teenager for example who started a company at the age of seventy two years later he decided to try his luck in the u.s. he traveled to california silicon valley to find out for himself if he could make a splash with his ideas in the a.p. center of the globe a take industry unfortunately for us he made a video diary of his experiences take a look. man don't do this to me the flight in an hour.

business is so awesome thank you on just one solo. i. can't i can't believe it we're actually here. my hair is totally messed up but that's the golden gate bridge in the background it's crazy. i mean because america is a country of infinite possibilities we thought about it and decided to give it a shot four weeks in the states it's a game. we want to establish something you're pursuing the dishwasher to millionaire principle a four point zero version of that. is

and we're in an eight room apartment eight they said we can supplement yes we have to cover the price and other costs to see from and they're letting us decide how much we want to charge on line so we can earn money with it. yes. but so far only one woman has gotten in touch. it's a bummer that we've been here for three and a half days already and haven't made a cent. and you don't really feel like spending any money. expensive whenever you go by like seven things at the store they end up costing thirty or forty bucks.

it's come to our next appointment is in the six minutes. six a ten minute walk from here. so i had to shower because i didn't take one this morning. is really running. which can't be late. just want to be a lot more efficient need someone and have just half an hour and three things to talk about learning it can i do. can i show you which contacts what's the next step if you have to do it in twenty or thirty minutes or just fifteen minutes if that's all you have and then you're done.

because there are so many buildings here it's like google has its own city. it's a little embarrassing talking to my camera here. if you're with me right in the middle of the campus is a volleyball court will. soon enough we're done with our tour because we couldn't record inside. but it's exciting to see how people work here you see the hierarchy is flat and you can get your ideas heard even the high level executives talk to you. know whose name is and so. they can get

something of stitching and cheer that's why today is awesome day a structured day from beginning to end. this is the first success for a little idea global connection. when we tell people we come from germany and a lot of them ask us hey can you hook us up with this company or that you have an in at this big firm. enough to us and we thought hey german companies could do with a little more of that silicon valley fire and inspiration. maybe we could arrange a place for exchange also. in terms of our challenge we didn't do everything we wanted to do and the sense that we came here with no money no apartments and wanted to finance

a doll and build something but we did manage to escape the confines of germany and europe and gain a more global view we looked west and also meant to the east towards asia. so the four weeks of work here really did help us expand our horizons. he's fighting. now and to bin laden to founder of the skills for school app and the guy who did this video diary he joins me in the studio now and of course he's a modern day pioneer good to have you here with us and being a modern day pioneer can you tell me what exactly inspired you to become one so i think i did this out of a problem i wasn't really thinking ok i need to be a pioneer after change something but i have promised myself in school at the beginning and then i decided. to try to make it to make a tense change and to see yeah how far can we get and how can we change something maybe in the education system in germany or maybe you're up all over the world and

this is how this this skillful school app came about to changing the world like pushing the envelope is not that unusual it with the young people in particular but to actually do something hands on like founding a company is somewhat unusual and now you spend four weeks in the u.s. and you say it expanded you horizon can you explore a little bit on not yet told me so when we started there i only had i knew the german ecosystem and the german start up system and i knew what's going on there but i wanted to see if the pioneer spirit there is still alive and it is it it is yes and the people there they have ideas and they think ok we can change something we can do that and we don't only want to work nine to five and do our job and i know we would want to change something that makes a difference in the world and you really have the possibility there to. to see how it works and how the people there live and how they execute on the dreams but how

does it differ to germany to the pied experience here i think in germany there is less pressure on the people because they know ok if something goes wrong or if we do not have work then nothing happens but in the us expression in san francisco if you have. if you earn under one hundred thousand a year then you need to get money from the from the states and so if you really have to work hard they have to work more hours extra hours to earn their money and if they don't then they won't be successful and them and that's that's quite different so what do you what did you take away from those those four weeks in the united states for your work i really learned to focus on the most important points and to keep the focus and then work on them execute on them just to go forward to move forward and every step of the company. and your own company i mean

did you did it sort of in hand supine in spirit do you say ok enough sort of creativity i now get a job somewhere else no i really i really got inspired and i really wanted to do it more like the americans because they dream big and they execute on the dreams very well and they stay focused so that's that's the main point ok staying focused that is certainly my takeaway they will be linda founder of the skills for school stop and a modern day kyra the thank you so much thanks. now of course let's face it not all of us cattle out for treading new ground but why would we be without those people who are driven by curiosity and the need to discover something new no matter the personal cost or the impact of their actions have on other us history is full of pioneers who have changed our world and their spirit lives on. the

impact of pioneering spirit pioneers chart new territory they have often discovered new worlds and conquered them. christopher columbus set off in search of gold silver silks and spices he was also looking for a western sea route to india he sailed under a spanish flag the aim was to get there before spain's rival portugal. but instead of reaching india columbus made landfall in what is now the bahamas he named the inhabitants indians it was fourteen ninety two columbus had accidentally discovered the americas on the heels of columbus came violent conquistadores disease war and misery francisco pizarro defeated the incas driven by greed for gold and naked ambition but not all pioneers murdered pillaged proselytized or exploited natural resources some of them have made crucial contributions to human progress

for more than four hundred years seafarers sort of navigable route between asia and america in one nine hundred three roald amundsen led the first expedition to traverse the northwest passage pioneering spirit has helped usher in new eras in eight hundred fifty nine business men edwin l. drake became the first american to successfully drill for oil which became the fuel of industrialization but that same pioneering spirit has also heard an environmental impact the new method of oil extraction is hydraulic fracking a well stimulation technique in which rock is fractured by a pressurized liquid in the process chemicals are injected into the rock mining for gold rare earths and lithium also contaminates the ground but demand for these minerals and elements is vast. and today as a result of climate change the polar ice caps are melting and that's making

supplies of all oil and gas more accessible the race to conquer the arctic is awakening pioneering spirit the world over and unleashing new conflict in the process. so what have we learned when pioneering spirit meets business interests it often means trouble take the arctic region as we heard it's got some of the world's largest deposits of rare and precious metals not to forget oil and gas something us president donald trump for one would like to get his hands on to the relief of environmentalists he'll have to keep waiting however a federal judge in alaska just blocked his bid to reopen drilling in arctic areas but trump is only one player in a huge cast of political leaders and investors keen to exploit the reach. me island is in the very north of canada's arctic archipelago in july twenty seventeen an international team of geologists came to explore including some from

germany's federal institute for geosciences and natural resources they were here to study the region they wanted to know what natural resources can be found in the arctic and where they're located in this previously untouched landscape. of any possible extraction of resources in the arctic would be taking place in a very fragile ecosystem second beating interest must be weighed very carefully natural resources on the one hand the environment on the other the best basis for doing that is solid scientific data. across the arctic ice cover is shrinking at an alarming rate and that rate is speeding up greenland has been losing ice at a rate of about two hundred fifty billion metric tons a year ice melt means rising sea levels potentially threatening the very future of humankind but in the meantime ice free land and navigation routes in the arctic mean access to resources is becoming easier five nations border the arctic ocean

the united states canada greenland which is part of denmark norway and russia. much of the ocean is covered in sea ice. russia claims sovereignty over the area marked in red. the states involved are still negotiating about borders and hence the right to treasures in the ground and beneath the ocean the race is on to stay claims the arctic may be the last frontier for a whole host of valuable resources. take greenland for example. along ice free stretches of coast there are significant deposits of oil and gas as well as rare earths there are also precious metals such as you raney i'm gold and platinum. a chinese firm is now the largest shareholder in a mining company in charge of the clan a field rare earths project. mining activities can further contribute to

environmental degradation in addition to the effects of advancing ice melt still many of the sixty thousand greenlanders welcome the new economic opportunities and the government. so. these two geologists have created maps showing deposits of valuable resources on his main island it'll be hard to enforce environmental protection there and mining operations won't be easy either. we have to consider the poor energy supply difficult transport routes very little infrastructure and

a scarcity of skilled personnel in the region but these deposits will become more lucrative as the ice melts and transportation becomes. an equipment can be ships the year round. scientists predict that the arctic ocean could be entirely free of ice in the summer by twenty fifty or even sooner even before that happens the northwest passage might become a regular shipping lane mining companies would love that but environmentalists dread the prospect. that geologists completed their mission and published their findings of what natural resources can be found where it may have been pioneering work in a remote location but the consequences are as yet unknown. economically the ice melts could be viewed as a blessing for greenland its resources are attracting foreign investment creating

jobs and boosting business but ecologically it could very well be a disaster so why are we allowing it to happen because we don't want to change our lifestyle and that includes being available anytime anywhere thanks to our smartphone and who would have guessed it's full of rare earths and precious metals . did you know there's gold in your smartphone. but don't go smashing it with a hammer it's just a tiny amount a fraction of a gram but still. your device also contains sixteen of the seventeen rare earth elements they're what makes a smart phone smart. for example neodymium dysprosium impreza dimia make it vibrate. and terbium produces the vivid color in the display. the proximately one third of the world's population already has

a smartphone and increasing quantities of rare earths are needed to satisfy the growing demand. the good news is that rare earths aren't in fact all that rare. the bad news is that mining them is difficult and bad for the environment and reserves are finite supply of some rare earths could be exhausted in just a few decades what can we do to stop them running out. replacing your smartphone too often. and when you do get a new one take the old one to be recycled. now there's an idea it's not just smartphones though is it in our bid to save the planet we want to replace the combustion engine with electric motors and for that we need lithium the key element in producing the kind of high efficiency batteries needed for electro mobility the price of lithium is rising rapidly and the major

lithium produces chile argentina and bolivia already being dumped the saudi arabia of latin america but lithium can also be found here in europe in wife's back in the austrian alps european elysium pioneers aim to help reduce the continent's dependence on imports. the gold of the future as a green here. this is a lithium in austria the deposit here was first discovered more than forty years ago and it's the biggest in central europe. stefan miller. now want to turn this lithium into cash. they work for an australian mining company the firm plans to invest around four hundred million euros up until now the shares of their company have only been worth

a few cents but lithium is becoming an extremely sought after more material. we don't rely on our own evaluations it's standard practice in the mining industry to get forecasts from independent companies the forecasts are also bankable which is helpful for financing based on the survey we believe we could earn up to one hundred thirty million dollars a year if the operations go as planned that means moving eight hundred thousand tonnes a year from the mountain with. the would be by is of the metal located on the other side of the alps in germany. companies such as lisp actually manufacture the company needs lithium battery cells for electric cars it currently has to source all its but she sells in asia because there are no battery cell manufacturers in germany. spend our wants to follow the example of the u.s. company tesla and build

a lithium ion production facility like tesla's gigafactory the lithium deposit in the alps looks just right for this project despite this the risk remains high. when you start with the electrochemistry what with the coatings and all the necessary processes you initially have huge losses you have to write off lots of material even tesla had that problem in the startup phase it costs an awful lot of money and nobody likes that it's easy to say i'll just buy what i need from asia but that's the wrong strategic approach in the long term. lithium is the key element in producing the kind of high efficiency batteries needed for electric vehicle. because asian firms dominate the market they also decide the prices including those for german battery makers. if electric cars do become more prevalent on our roads one day the demand for the base element in the energy cells will rise exponentially

. the lithium high and he is in the austrian alps are betting on this fake carried out numerous exploratory drilling in recent years and invested many millions of euros they've discovered veins of lithium up to ten meters thick. as long as the lithium is not extracted is worthless but once it is processed into battery grade lithium carbonate one ton costs around fourteen thousand euros and that price could more than double in the next few years as demanding creases already more than one hundred thousand tonnes of being used worldwide every year. absolutely and produced here in the heart of europe in austria has a completely different level of sustainability that comes from developing countries for example where there's possibly child labor involved or certain environmental

codes are not observed or worked around for cost reasons. that's why it's extremely important for the european car industry to add value here in europe with respect to its battery great. but if you give me three parts of. until now one of the main places where lithium is mind has been south america lithium mine here is cost effective but the extraction process is also very harmful to the environment so in the future it will be extremely important to recycle lithium the company i correct is working on this this specializes in the recycling of lithium ion batteries the company rarely gets batteries from electric cars there is simply too few bucks cheaper with cars being scrapped. the founder of a says you can't make money out of lithium from old but trains recycled copper and steel sell for high prices but recycling lithium isn't worth it financially because the market

price is still she learned something are correct is convinced will change i. begin to find most posters looking at prices in five to ten years we expect that for humans will rise to around four thousand tons per year and then lithium will definitely be one of the big issues there was in terms of. if electrum ability makes a breakthrough in europe it could mean a major boon for austria's locally so huge lithium but it's by no means a done deal. well and that is what kyle nearing is all about taking a risk without being sure of the outcome that's all from made this week for me and the team in berlin thanks for watching.

to.

quadriga international talk show the four journalists discuss the topic of the week as nato macias seventieth anniversary we are schooled fugitive's the military alliance how in the age of trump and how many small germany's role in the international security and defense arena last and more coming up in the country to join us. thirty minutes on t.w. . africa. coming president of florida

and had a modern manger out in front qahtani the rebel army and in the one nine hundred ninety four genocide was in the room photo in the room there was in the windows of the union cut out of me to reinforce a controversial leader who successes beyond question he could turn coca and the wanted tragedy in seventy five minutes on t w. it's time to take one step up from. the face of. time you're up to such the up. and fun for the troops. time to overcome boundaries and connecticut. it's time for

work. and he wus coming up ahead for mines. i was here when i arrived here i slept with six people in a room. it was hard i was fair. i even got white hair. then jim language hit me a lot this gives me a little but you need to look in truck loads of like you want to know their story my friends her fighting and reliable information for margaret. when the starts rising people fight for survival but on a set up i get it but if i get one there's a flood the water comes up to your waist on your clothes fast to everyone but. the lack of water he's equally dangerous. there's junk you can't see people move south

so they can plant crops and find food. floods and droughts climate change become the main driver of mass migration you could not write any are going to be snide if you want them probably most of them will come from. the climate exodus starts it will thirtieth on t w. german chancellor angela merkel has been in dublin for braggs at talks with her irish counterpart leo varadkar this comes nine days before britain could leave the european union with a deal which would in danger that will put border between the republic of ireland and e.u. member and northern ireland which is part of the united kingdom. apply.