rwanda was shot down the crash was used by government supporters to justify the start of one of the twentieth century's darkest chapters one hundred days of genocide hutu killing two at sea while the world stood by and did nothing tonight remembering and reconciling a generation after the genocide i'm from berlin this is the day. it comes imagine how it feels like growing up. there were over one million victims of the genocide almost my whole comes from their reach there's no individual all alone with no parents and no siblings for many of these would flee from the careless in a while with fleeing who would jump on that but it's impossible to know there are victims whose bodies have been thrown away in places we don't know. in one place or

any. kind of weight. we had to count because those who killed my family. to be funky because. also coming up tonight it is a rich country and economic superpower in the heart of europe but some allies say germany cannot be a leader when it spends money like a pole or. it wasn't created by this administration it wasn't created by the previous administration that it is that it was a commitment that every nato ally agreed to in a way else that it could germany. to our viewers on p.b.s. in the united states and all the around the world welcome we begin the day remembering the nights when hate and the machetes were let loose in rwanda twenty five years ago one of the twentieth century's most inhumane chapters was written in that african country for

a hundred days in one thousand nine hundred four ethnic hutu extremists slaughtered almost one million members of the minority tootsie community a genocide carried out by militias armed with machetes neighbors killed neighbors husbands killed wives and although the u.n. had forces in rwanda at the time they were never given the order to stop the killing and they did it a quarter of a century later a generation born out of this nightmare is now assuming power in rwanda the children of genocide are now telling their story. we want to. this is where house used to be before the genocide and nothing is left of it now. bent it all down after looting it and i guess what i'm saying. everything was he was just three months old when his parents and four siblings were killed by hutu militias he's

a survivor of the one nine hundred ninety four genocide in rwanda the fastest of the twentieth century during which close to a million randoms mostly to see well wiped out in just one hundred days. eric was too young to remember his family dying but he says he will never forget the day his told him what happened. she carried me on her back during the genocide right up until the killing stopped she told me how horrific it was she witnessed it all the rain was pouring down on us those were hard times for me lisa would flee from the killer as you know while we're fleeing we would jump over our dead bodies will be. eric's dog family history is one shot by many his relatives like countless persecuted to see across the country had sought refuge in a charge when they were killed and chad's just like this one in your mind or an

estimated fifty thousand people died during the genocide today this side stands as one of run just most poignant memorials and stabbing remind of what happened and physical evidence of crimes that should never be forgotten. doris you can't imagine how it feels like growing up knowing that you're all alone with no parents and no siblings while about children you know each of them. eric says his generation's identity is deeply entrenched in the trauma of one thousand nine hundred two it's not only survivors who lost their families who are still processing the past but also children of perpetrators who participated in the killings not given him a zero. it's very hard to find yourself all alone either because your family members were killed for being too see or in my case with parents who are in prison because they were convicted of

participating in the genocide. for children we have to take on a lot of responsibility from a young age to. the genocide could cast a long dark shadow over the lives of future generations yet i believe in the power of reconciliation is offering a new chapter and around us history. as the youth we have to live in a way that brings us together to keep our country moving forward. to use the future of the country. totally but as you will. well my next guest is part of the generation that came of age after the genocide he was seven years old when he watched as his father was murdered today he's an ambassador for peace with the in geo one young world i'm happy to welcome tonight to the day impolite to go up he joins me from kigali we have

a lot it's good to have you on the show we appreciate you taking the time to talk with us we can't imagine what memories you must have from what happened twenty five years ago and i want to ask you to recount what happened then but could you tell us how did you learn to forgive and to reconcile when something like that was done to you when you were just a little boy. i think it's. as you say it's hard it's hard to wait and then i have to say few months after the genocide i had to stop my primary school and all i could remember was the voices where the voices of people i've seen killed including mind. where also the screaming voices of trigger in and women that seemed ready and the only way i could cope with that i wanted to tell the stories and move on but i was hot and.

everything was coming back to me i was trying to see how i could. become a killer and to revenge. i have to forgive. that you are not being killed by people. that have that has been taught for song so i said i decided i'm going to forgive people who killed my own my dad my family i have the members. and that's when i i went to forgive it's and that's. i didn't do it because it's easy to forgive no but i wanted the world and the generations to come to lend a crisis piece. it's a remarkable journey that you've been on in your in your life were you after the genocide after you saw your father murdered were you able to talk with it though at

home with the rest of your family i mean was it something that was a taboo or did your other family members did the you know did they want to talk openly about what had happened. i mean as you say this is this is and here is that no one can count on asking to say what happened what happened but that because i was not with other people who i was we've added people i have a chart. they lent and afterwards as time went on i could only speak for all few seconds and say this in a traumatic way and that and few by a few times then i came to be able to say exactly what i would sell would you say impolite that your story is a typical story of four rwandans young rwandans two were eyewitnesses

to the genocide. yeah i have to say it in latin to survivor of. my siblings and my mom but that those who witnessed the different houses and their siblings and parents and that parents who have been left know now more no no wife or no husband so it's that that the stories here and even the agony who do not know how are their parents or how the siblings. you know it's. the stories are scattered everywhere here and you know it's an. example one example but not only example leaving here in london because you have exhibited in tens of thousands and millions of people who decide i want to i want to ask you but before

we run out of time what is it like today in rwanda and do people talk about ethnicities i mean you know the one thing that was sort of you know. conflict attractive twenty five years ago is that a taboo subject now in rwanda. you know everyone we don't have any idea of with any who to all to. cards or any any document. that's a group step that we have to take after the genocide or by have also to say you can in your room or wherever you can use anywhere. whether you think you are as is a hutu and tutsi or whatever you think you are you can't use that for anything or any right or any stance we are all on and that of course people this is these are

things that people have died and can fall in the generations back and many people still have wounds and people say you have your own genes which is why now there are people who have genocide ideology all who see have it hates in them and it's generally too didn't see a long way to do people see head wounds people do not know where their loved ones were thrown after being killed so that so many lose that that but collectively has won and we have made it a big step when my mom leaves me in the village sometimes i go there if possible lives next to our house is the possible who made me a child slave he was a kid when he was a kid so. we have made a very big step towards you can see action by individuals and we see who wins at least you have some people see him hey so he said jane yeah well it's

a journey that we appreciate you sharing with us tonight. to get a real survivor of the rwanda genocide and they peace activists today if well i thank you very much and all the best to. thank you very much and have classified the genocide deny who we've just seen persisting even anywhere in the world thank you. well this week has been a high profile week for europe's reluctant leader germany began sharing the un security council as a non permanent member the german chancellor visited dublin and promised to do everything possible to prevent the u.k. from crashing out of the european union solidarity industry that is the one side of the story there is another side of course germany's seeming obsession with all staring he has generated ill will among some euro zone members monetary policy it

seems has to be the german way or no way and there is the criticism that germany is too cheap to really lead nato markets seventieth anniversary this week and again germany was targeted by the us for not paying its fair share for defense the thinking in washington an economic superpower such as germany has the means and should not act like the poor man on the block when it comes to defense and we're going to take a listen to what u.s. secretary of state mike on peo said yesterday. remember that this notion of two percent isn't made up it wasn't created by this administration in the united states it wasn't created by the previous administration that it states it was a commitment that every nato ally agreed to in a way else that includes germany who committed to that so the promise that is being fulfilled is a promise that the german government made so we're very hopeful we're very hopeful

that they will get it right and that they will understand that it is important for our collective defense and we will urge them to continue to do so. so is germany too cheap to lead is europe's economic powerhouse a defense freeloader we've asked sarah meyer to join me tonight to discuss those questions she is with the global public policy institute here in berlin she's also an author and she called our attention with her article about germany's tendency to overestimate its power and place in the world sir good to have you on the show is mr pompei right is germany guilty of underpaying yes as much that pains me to say that donald trump and mr bumpier right in this case they are and they also not the fast at ministration in the u.s. that have asked germany to pay more to me has committed to move to its two percent of the fence spending in twenty twenty four and we are now very far away from that

i have just been attacked on a one point five percent goal that we've only just agreed to a few weeks ago why they were nicking why can't germany you know what's keeping germany from opening up its pocketbook there is some kind of obsession as i mentioned with with keeping up. with saving money that's just a german in the german nature themes i think it's also a question of the german city it's a culture with politicians that can't quite they've been talking about taking over more responsibility they've tried to explain this to the german public but they don't have enough courage i think to really explain that it also means spending more on defense and they really don't have an incentive to explain it to the public when you look at the latest polls i've got here the. one of the latest in for the map polls show only three percent of germans say that they believe that any budget

increase any of them should go to defense only three percent. i think it depends on how you phrase the questions and there are also numbers a bit higher than that on the fence spending but then no i wouldn't blame the german public so much as i would blame german politicians because it's their job to explain to german voters why we need to spend more on fans and if you are voter at the moment in the last few weeks you've had about the very sorry state of the german i'm for says just everything is a mess and you fret about donald trump asking for two percent no one trusts donald trump in germany so then i wouldn't think of blame but just to say ok maybe we don't have to move to it's two percent we hear a lot of politicians also talking about social services and the spending there and this country is generous when it comes to social welfare programs we also have a demographic trend the country is getting older right right after japan in the number two in the world so it's going to be expensive to pay for social security here does germany is germany wealthy enough to carry that burden and also to do the

two percent of g.d.p. for nato that it has said it would strive to do i would say yes and it's not even a question of either or you cannot pit these two things against each other and i think the social democrats that are doing this often are quite irresponsible to do so because our security the external international security piece in europe is the condition that we can't have any well being in germany that we can spend anything on social security in the first place in the long term would you go as far just as to say that germany is a security freeloader depending on the u.s. i think so far this has been the case and it's very there's a very slow process it is happening but it's way to slow at the moment of realizing that we can no longer rely on the united states with america fast policy or don't trump. the good job for securing europe's security now depends on the european union and that means on germany as well and on that of germany and that

means also we have to spend more in germany. final question what about ten seconds for the next u.s. president do you think it will be easier to convince german the public that defense spending is something that should be bigger certainly i think it's not very very unpopular so him asking him of the two percent spending bill is not actually helping his goal of making judgments you know that's the trump factor many many aspects there sarah brookmyre we appreciate you coming in and sharing your insights tonight thank you as well since we are on the subject of germany and the u.s. today u.s. president trump is this a thing calexico california for a photo op at the us mexico border no trump has threatened to close the border completely of congress and mexico do not do more to slow the flow of migrants into the u.s. trump tells americans that his border wall will be part of the migration so the walls have been

a recurring theme this week on both sides of the atlantic and we thought it was worth listening at how leaders invoke the image of walls sometimes with goals that could not be more opposite consider trump's border wall with mexico and then consider how the well the german chancellor and the head of nato this week both used the berlin wall not to exclude but rather include. it because in this come all of them none so i personally come from a country that was separated by a wall for many years into the my son for thirty four years i lived behind the iron curtain and guidance i know what it means when walls fall and when borders disappear off the side of the entrance to the nato headquarters in belgium there are two moments warm the piece of the berlin wall the scientists to keep people in and out. it fate it failed

eighty it fatally because the ideals and the values old those who built it were less compelling and less powerful than ours. is a great step there's a ton of talent and we can do well and do things for this country there's no longer any need to go and regular roots it's great for cuban baseball to rise again as it deserves to with the best in the world well that is the view from havana on what is without question a completely new ball game between the cuban baseball federation and major league baseball in the united states for decades cuban baseball players who dreamed of playing in america had no choice but to defect and risk their lives by fleeing cuba stars following in the footsteps of players like us you know who it will no longer needed to be smuggled off the islands the cuban baseball federation has announced

its first list of players authorized to sign contracts with major league baseball and that's just the first step the number of players allowed to sign with the major leagues is expected to get bigger. play ball here joining us from atlanta now to dig a little bit deeper into this story is american bobby scales he's a former major league baseball player and he's also worked in player development she's now the assistant fielding coordinator with the pittsburgh pirates bob is going to have you on the show are we expecting a cuban invasion of major league baseball in the u.s. next year. i don't know that invasion is quite the term you want to use i think you're going to see obscene influence i don't there's twenty five players on that list it isn't necessarily all going to sign it but i think there's definitely another wave coming in the best articles. on their own cork.

and when you when you when you buddy when you look at the players in cuba did they tend to mean the you know the crowd you have to pick from do they tend to be above average players or they are they good baseball players others that there's tremendous baseball cuba has been dominant on the international amateur scene whether be in world cups with you know let x. whether even they made a mark on the last few years in the world baseball classic in the funny part is about you know those changes a lot of those guys that are on those teams if they travel around the world and play for cuba a lot of the their best players are playing in the united states so. but the standard baseball team is very high that you know the players coming out of there can you continue to be very good players in and but the biggest and for me in reading. up on this new agreement between major baseball and the cuban missile federations of easy easy i'm going to be able come over without having you know

risk their lives to get here and you know you've talked to players who had to defect and you had to give up everything in cuba to come to the states is there one story that stands out a defection horror story that has stayed with you. there's may i mention his name but it was a teammate i had once upon a time it was so sure he was playing for the national team they were trying to make . in florida. and each basically had it set up where you know they were going to walk out of that they were going to make a run for it was then been a lot of reconnaissance done. and he was a pitcher he literally left the mound between extrude final it's got to enter out and then made it made a beeline for the for the left field fence jumped over the fence that was an hour late for him and then. the rest of the rest is history but there's just so many or so. you know much more hair when that one i mean nails an. image of

him in the obit is is security to the states was crazy so i mean. yeah i mean there's there's so many to choose from and i'm just trying to imagine what the economics of this would be for players i mean i was reading i think or the average baseball player in cuba or something like fifty dollars a month and then coming to play for the major leagues i mean this is going to be like shock therapy when they see the contracts that are being signed right now well there's no question i think that art of art it was i was there and if it. political system then you know a parcel it's not a democracy there is not a free market economy so it's everything state run and then you make what you make are most of what you do or how good you are at it. part of the issue when those young men do come to the shores is the freedom they have three times a day never half so even if they're not in the major leagues all these guys are on

a side that's not going to say because that's they're not all going to make nice but they want to making significant more money than they've ever seen and have access to significantly more things in the very same that have more freedom than they are at so here it is it's a real it's. not just a baseball park but. just living in this is you know insulation it's a society that difficult. wow what a positive shock to experience for these young guys bobby skills as if you've been courted with the pittsburgh pirates probably appreciate your time tonight sharing your stories with us thank you very much my pleasure. well the day is nearly done the conversation continues online you'll find us on twitter either at u.w. news follow me a burnt off t.v. and remember whatever happens between now and then tomorrow is another day we will see you on monday.

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