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a remote village in laos high above the clouds the people here speak their own language. time seems almost to have stood still. but. we need a family that is holding fast to the old traditions while also making small steps out into the wider world. today is a special day a photographer has come to the village. but

i was going to end it on. the father how can you has wanted a family photo like this for a long time. he wants to put it in a golden frank and hang it up at home. from. his youngest son is only rarely here he's been living on his own since he was eleven when he moved to a town in the valley to attend school. the girls of the family will probably spend their lives here on the mountain like their older brothers. the family have pinned their hopes thinking along the younger son as their best hope for a different and easier life for the younger generation. for

the women of the family the day begins with starting a fire cooking and feeding the pigs. you yeah. yeah yeah you gotta look at them on a saturday. clashing sometimes they sell a pig to a neighbor to bring in a bit of money. that goes to help support the youngest son. apart from that the family are subsistence farmers. one of the neighbor's pigs has snuck into their yard. so. has plenty of time to relax. his wife your choice has chores that keep her busy

from dawn to dusk. and. among the arc up people of the mountains of laos fetching wood is women's work. for the women of the family walking without carrying a heavy load on the back is too leisurely so they spin cotton along the way. but. in the past aka women were not supposed to wear shoes and your choice still prefers it this way. that.

was hard. i went to school until green three then my father died and i had to work with my mother. i had to do all the men's work such as chopping down big trees. i built myself a letter out of branches so i could reach them. i worked very hard as hard as i possibly could and we still didn't have enough rice to last the family the entire year. long after my mother's. i married my husband he's rather old but he said that if i married him he would take care of me and my younger sister my mother. he's twelve years older than me. he now. you choice is fifty nine years old. i got him. to

mourn me. i had my first daughter when i was twenty three my second when i was twenty four and my third at twenty five. after that i had a child every year fifteen pregnancies in all. because i had so many children i looked much older than my age almost like you knew i had to work very hard because i didn't want my children to go hungry. while in la. that you might. you. know the one who. is going on that he. was kind of hard on their. own mother.

and her. to. her mother and it worked. in the. computer club for. one of her daughters in law has stayed home to cook a midday meal for the family. gets me to do it with them i got way to go for i could probably. do it. on the island my

one on. my head on a cruise. all the money that would you want to fund. the whole idea of. every meal includes vegetables and rice breakfast lunch and dinner sometimes there are eggs and rarely some meat. allowed in family eat in the kitchen. the parents and the oldest son said it one table. because you want to get a little bit full on the other son the daughters in law and the grandchildren sit at the other. twelve people live in this house and all. that. much of life is governed by custom and tradition from the seating arrangements of meals to the women's dress to the work they do their daily routine

and their festivals. how can keeps a close eye on things and. he's a member of the village council of elders and a former village chief. and although no one says so directly he's also the shonen. any and this is for fortune telling. yet not if someone is old and very sick that i can know the day of their death by looking at this. mayhem. it's fine that i can make these predictions but it would not be good for me to tell someone else that bad luck is coming their way they would be. out with.

a neighbor comes to fetch him a child a sick with a high fever. the family says the boy was frightened in the forest and his soul left him and now the spirits are trying to lay claim to him they want the shah meant to prevent this. instead of entering the child the spirits will be lured into a doll made of paper gold tobacco and rice will entice the evil spirits. of the unit of the op ed well it would not last was actually a good food. for the soul of the baby chick is supposed to enter the child.

the chick is also sacrificed to the evil spirits. to get. him. down there and for the idea of. not knowing why you have thought oh my god does not realize what i now do with all due to. our doing. it then you get. the evil spirits are now inside the paper dog the shaman is removing her from the village. because the sword will ensure that they remain banished from the village that afternoon the fever is gone and the child feels better he took a pill

a fever reducing medication but as far as the villages are concerned that's an irrelevancy. more than thirty years ago pal can pick this hilltop as the location for the village pelion song mine. three sacred trees marked the spot. that. we're not allowed to cut these trees. even the tiniest cut is forbidden no one can cut any of these trees and if you cut there you're also cutting here. one of the treats are sacred. if someone cuts them somebody in the village will get sick but tigers will come from the forest to eat

or kill our animals. there's no electricity running water roads or neighbors. the arca have maintained their traditions over centuries. but how can also experienced a different way of life when he served in the military. he hoped. i thought in the vietnam war for this country and for the people of laos for sixteen years. my pop or the night before to liberate the country in the people she been on my home i was a soldier fighting our enemies mali when i was on the loc a company shot down six airplanes over there behind the hamilton that's where i was when the planes arrived i thought. my who we are not. is who i fought harder than anyone in the province.

if i hadn't returned to the village i'd be a government official by now was any. none. how king second son has just become a father again it's his fifth child he lives next door. so sad. because it did your wife give birth already. knows how much how is the baby crying a lot why the car is she in the baby a well. that's it about why they. also.

must learn after the harvest the rice needs to dry under the sun every day at night it's put back into the sacks. when the women work the men take care of the youngest children.

women move to their husbands village when they marry. they begin wearing the traditional dress and start adding to its decoration.

that's. going to. detroit had to sew each of her three daughters in law a full costume. like that you'd rather not did. they do what. i did. my mother in law is old so she doesn't want to wear bright colors like us she doesn't want to outshine her daughters in law. then you're going to. tell her that you can't take off the headdress even when we go to sleep. and he led them at that and we can't comb our hair or wash it when we

want to only on certain days well you know how it got got really the most forbidden day is the birthday of our parents and our parents in law. that would mean they wished for their deaths. well in one hundred eighty nine years women have a lot of work i can't even listed all. i had to go to the rice fields cut firewood carry water do the washing. feed all the animals. there's no set bedtime who just go to bed when we finished all our work. and that also includes their highly skilled production of textiles. they make dyes for their clothing out of wild indigo plants and slike to live.

during the day one of the women is always at the wooden machine to separate the cotton from it seeds then comes the spinning weaving and dying every family in the village produces their own clothes and. often we can't find the white limes so we have to buy from someone else and we make our clothing out of cotton fabric the fabrics have to be hung to dry for more than twelve months before we can make clothing out of them but yet you like. them. that any. shade and her husband have five children. the youngest is two the oldest ten. i can't remember the first time i went to have billets. until i married when i was twenty two years old. she was twenty one. and i first met her at the new year. that we shouldn't talk about such things.

when our parents are around it's not good to talk about things like this. it's embarrassing. even sitting next to each other in front of the parents is considered unseemly. they've been living in this house as a married couple for eleven years. now king and you choi two of their sons their wives and six grandchildren live in this house. make up. we are the parents. we can sleep in the same room but others have to be in separate rooms and not know what they will call in for. an end of cooking and cooking my first daughter in law sleeps over there separate from my son this is the room up off first son's wife she sleeps beside the kitchen

. put in the second son doesn't live here anymore. the third son his wife sleeps here and he sleeps over there. you have. to pick on him my daughter in law may sleep on this site is not allowed by you know . how king has sent his sons out to look for a location for a new rice field. after

three years the soil is depleted. then the old rice field is abandoned and forest is cleared for a new one. for. the men also have a task to do when they head out on a longer mission. they hunt for wild animals and birds. their brother in law was accidentally shot while he was out hunting. they found a spot for the new rice field how can told them they need to start clearing the ground straight away.

not give you days or today i know that i know that is the day of the pig which is a good and that's why we need to start clearing now we want to start on a good day well known that there will come back in about two or three days' time to start clearing properly. it was. halt so it will take twenty days to finish clearing this field so homely when you millionth you know. until i don't think it's enough time you know i. will clear all the way to the crest of the hill as soon as the rice is growing well they will conduct a sacrifice to the spirits. of all but there how when the rice plants have grown to about fifty centimeters we slaughter for chicken skin all for the ceremony one will

have to be a white chicken like chicken is to feed the spirits in this area the second chicken is for the heart in the field the third chicken is for all the animals around the field and the fourth for all the plants in the trees. they all need horses and cows to bring the harvest in later in the year being. this year our rice field will be closer to the village we last year was over there this year it's here this year's harvest brought us more than one hundred bags of rice but it takes around one to two hours to get them up there. by you know. before they head home the brothers put markers down. that way the other villagers will know that their family is now farming this section of land.

that. the family's youngest son eighteen year old ken long has come for a visit. he brought with him some t. shirts jackets and trousers which people from the town of gave him when we want.

to celebrate the visit the women are making a large meal. today they were in the kitchen. only in that. job but they will say what took the mobile phones away and they had a flat tire on the way to look once a rich pop song village i bought a new one from an old man i'm trying to put i have no carriage so i have to change myself here. but he has a bit too and they get out. with. his best childhood friend has come over. he wants the same haircut. kenya is one of only three boys who left the village of three hundred residents to continue their studies after finishing primary school. it's a solo place and we would like him to go to university but we don't have money for that he'll finish high school this year when many here i don't want him to come

home i want him to work for the government to help you with a head to head and i used to work for the government but i gave that up to come back to the village me to be so i wanted my younger son to continue what i began. patting him cornel west and poke me. thinking you didn't know that. long ago i used to be in love with a girl from the uk i don't know any more and i love you but you know i live in functionally it where there are many different ethnic groups in asia now look you need to i know i'm not just limited to the aca you and me to enable of a name. and

. i don't want american girl i'm mainly in functionally and the women the beautiful there you. know. they you and i mean anything that's in town then he can choose whether to follow our culture or not that's fine for him but not for us for us older ones we can't stop living according to our tradition. to be you've in the future if my parents are still alive only invite him to live in time with me i'll take care of them once have a job and earn some money and they know they have years of. no need for cobol granted i don't know what i'll think they will move to turn over again but i'm not sure of my brother's will go to buy my little phenomenal before the new cult.

the question of who might want to move away is a hot topic in the village. every three months a medical student visits the village to carry out vaccinations and to distribute vitamin a and medications against worms. the village is remote far from any hospital or doctor. you know when someone is seriously ill and the path is impassable due to heavy rain there's no way to get medical help. that's why the village chief wants to have the village relocated further down the mountainside. they would have access to a paved road as well as electricity and running water.

thirty families live in the village not all of them want to move some because they don't have the money. others because they fear that they will lose touch with their culture and traditions. and the name calling on. the governor said that is village chief accountant who leave the village we have to move together. if we're going to move on my own i would have done that already that. if they want to move that. we have enough to stay here if they go they'll go but we'll stay. the chief isn't here anymore and we'll just keep living here. while you.

they hold fast to their traditions the ceremonies the sacrifices of animals to ward off bad luck and their relationship to the spirits and to their ancestors. who took home. the biggest taboo in our culture is one that they are not permitted to mention within the confines of the village. it is. it's a topic that the older people always told us we shouldn't talk about at the level

of only the elders can talk about it. well you who when there are pregnant women in the house they must never hear anything about this topic it's so terrible i mean people hated as much as war made it through. cocoa wanted to cali it's always been this way. if you give birth to twins the family can't stay in the village. and they can't move to another village either. you know you know you wasn't in the old village had twins once and we took them away and carried out all the ceremonies he. might one of them all the parents who give birth to twins have to build a small hut in the forest next to a small stream net that would have even when we bring them food we can't look at or talk to them so we just say here is food for you. we're not allowed to say anything about their family when we bring them food you know. we talk as though we were

talking to ourselves and to the train is. not going. almost they try to talk to us we're not allowed to respond. oh you know we'll touch on it and that's what we believe. no you mustn't talk about this topic in the village it's forbidden. we can't raise twins even if someone wanted to force us to . that's our culture. of the along that they be. for years ago government officials came to not post sun village. they came to ask if we could change. i was told but even if the government requests this abbas we can't change this anymore that we can't race twins we have to respect our traditional culture. if grudging no to all people are never allowed to step across

the river where they buried the twins did on mobile did catch a common life move. my god let's get an idea. for the parents of twins are permitted to return to the village after they have killed their newborn twins. their home is burned down and everything it contains i'm in for an entire year no one is permitted to speak to the couple. aka people believe that only animals can give birth to more than one baby at a time. line is that when a woman gives birth to twins an evil spirit must be at work. who know none of.

the rules. nothing can be a choice cousin has died. a member of the family must attend the funeral which is being held in the village on a nearby hill located part way to town. king mum the youngest son is leaving. he won't visit again for a month. the funeral ceremony began a week ago. the

figure on the horse represents the deceased. on the second horse some of his belongings will accompany him on his final journey. the deceased rides into the forest where he will be buried at night. the shaman must kill the water buffalo with a single stab of the spear as part of the ritual sacrifice. to make sure the family continues to prosper the head of the buffalo must be noisily brought to the rough.

cut of the. the more prosperous the deceased the longer the funeral ceremony lasts and the more animals that are sacrificed. the. cut. off. was. the the. whole fit when i die i will have two horses to ride. and about six or seven cattle will be slow to sure about midnight so go here at me i've done so much and i work for the government but so much so that my funeral isn't the biggest i won't rest well. i want my funeral to be the biggest hardening

in a fake what would you know. the tom. general i'm still has a three hour drive ahead of him he has to go into the valley and cross the lake in order to reach town. hall. he can. it's a journey into another world a world he's been living in for seven years now in which he hopes to make his future. mum has some rice in his bags. to.

her. every morning the residents of funk sally are woken by a news broadcast through the loudspeaker courtesy of the socialist government here . ken mum remembers how coming to live here on his own at age eleven was a bit frightening but also exciting. back then he found a grandmother an elderly woman without any family in town. she cooked for him sometimes and let him watch t.v. . he only comes to the market hall to shop on special occasions he can't afford most of what sold here.

he has the rice he brought from home and cooks meals for himself in his room in six months kingdom will finish his high school degree. god saying i'll do my best to get a high score on the leaving that day so that i can go to university to be and see the at least as a full on. only the top three in his class will get a scholarship. thirty seven students are competing for. long doesn't want to disappoint his father a fine. young. man my dream is to study something well i t. pay him yet but i might be become a police officer you have been but my father doesn't really should pull those ideas under but you know there's a place in the end my financial situation will determine whether i can go to university or note we don't have the money for it. and.

he can't imagine returning to the village. after seven years in town he's left behind the customs and traditions of the village high above the clouds. long gets up early every morning to exercise. the kind of university that i say overcome a dry. however began and. what would that mean for his family who have such high hopes for him. call coverlid bear tank in time and i could work as

a chauffeur through earn money to do it you know i want to have money i'll buy a van and operate a shuttle service. is determined to earn a living. he and his friend from school are making plans for their future. returning to the village is no longer an option. even if he leaves the traditions of the uk a people behind will have fulfilled his father's hopes. his life in town will certainly be easier than in the village above the clouds. lul. cool.

chopin for the twenty first century. any interest on offer and unique interpretation. a tesla in concert and the world of a young piano genius. parts twenty one presents johnny in a tree for nothing new chopin heard him. in thirty minutes on d w. earth home to millions of species the home worth saving the global ideas tell stories of creative people and innovative projects around the

world like deals that protect the climate boost clean energy solutions and reforestation. using interactive content to inspire people to take action google ideas series of global three thousand on t.w. and online. start rising the fight for survival but on a set of budgets leave us a budget when there's a flood of water comes up to our waste by your clothes fast for everyone to meet you but. the lack of water is equally dangerous place john good to see people move south so they can plant crops and find food stamps. floods and droughts climate change become the main driver of mass migration you could write any apocalyptic scenarios you want and probably most of them to come to. the climate exodus starts in full curteous on d. w.

. cut plan. play. this is the news live from berlin the fighting rages near libya's capital tripoli with scores already dead the united nations calls for thousands of refugees caught in the crossfire to be evacuated we'll ask what options they have left also coming up thousands in sudan press their demand for an immediate return to civilian rule they say their new military rulers pledge to hand over power within two years is not enough.