slumping economic growth and high unemployment. you're watching every news that sony's around so this sounds serious doc film is up next looking at the future of travel once fossil fuels drum sounds a lot more headlines for you coming up next hour i'm rebecca riches thanks for joining us. shifting powers the old order is history the world is reorganizing itself and the media's role is keep the topic in focus of the global media forum 29 change today one out of 2 people is online who are we following come do we trust to beijing and shape the future at the georgia goal of global media for 2019.

the harnessing up wind and solar energy is increasing faster than ever because at some point in the future we will have to live without fossil fuels. the electrification of society renewable energy whether is bio guss hydrogen or electric cars if it will become more and more prevalent us we move into the future . here in the industrialized world we consume huge quantities of resources but will we be able to satisfy our demands in the future to. come to. this program so cool sure problem is so big that the hope and the chance of human beings changing their behavior in a massive way within a short space of time easy extremely small. he says it can. today

there seem to be no limits to our mobility but industry and the scientific community face enormous problems what can we use in the future to power our cars airplanes and ships. not as you got older people said and of course you think by. more difficult thing these are people of the mind. to hold all the future. industry is producing growing quantities that are growing pains and just digitalisation increases so does the i.t. giants hunger for energy. tech companies such as microsoft hope to consume the amount of energy and midsize nation in a few decades and other companies for a while to the same.

union hoffman is based in coral a wind turbine your home board and its 2 owners. and clubs. for the last 4 months you lianas been getting her electricity from coral but has yet to see a wind turbine from the inside karl is 18 years old and 120 meters tall that's all it is one thing that's about 20 meters but the engine room is a height of 65 meters there of the hurricane and that's where the electricity comes down before entering the control system. to get to the boy and here you can also see the engine room above in cross-section. here of the rotor blades and here we can see how much energy it's produced so far 14000000 kilowatt hours which i reckon would be enough for many many years. yes hi dawn and klaus started building their 1st wind turbine many years ago today they run 15 of them at

1st they sold their electricity to energy companies but a few months ago they began selling power directly to consumers. to set up works like a small scale private energy marketplace via their anyway online platform based startup . anyone who has their own wind power facility or solar cells and generates more electricity than they need can set up a profile with any way to present themselves and look for potential buyers. yes. the prize for. the price is determined by each individual energy provider and if we don't have a say in that and as things logically are with a platform a price is settled that guarantees the supplier a profit well at the same time being very competitive on the consumer market and. energy market places like anyway are part of a growing global trend. the electricity market is becoming more customized and is

linked to the question of how much clean energy is working towards one thing is clear electricity will play a pivotal role as a future energy supplier we are heading towards an electric and renewables future. so in 40 years we will have the distributed generation which means that we will make and the g.e. wherever there is sun or wind in particular so electricity will be very cheap much cheaper than today we should just move full speed ahead into electrification i like to say not through gas but what's. norway illustrates what an electrified society could look like the country is currently tackling the most daunting challenge of all in the shift to green energy transportation. people and industrial countries have greater mobility than ever before world wide the transportation of people and goods accounts for around

30 percent of energy consumption and continues to rise. over 90 percent of fuel used today is still sourced from mineral oil c o 2 emissions continue to rise instead of going down. can our mobility be maintained without fossil fuels norway is the 1st country in europe to embark on a fully electrified public transit system. for a lot of what is chief of strategy is oslo's public transportation authority the city's ferries are set to become the 1st in the world to run on electricity the sun take a full 2020 for all ships will be electric and it sounds complicated but we've been surprised on this front too it's simpler than we thought. a prototype is already in operation the past of ferries vehicles and passengers across the 6 kilometer wide zone if you order north of baghdad the new technology was developed

by german industrial giant siemens. instead of one regular diesel engine it was fitted with 2 electric motors each delivering $450.00 kilo watts of power the batteries are recharged during the 10 minute loading and unloading time between trips. downtown oslo is almost now entirely car free the authorities are installing a large battery by the harbor to supply ferries and busses with electricity the 1st $100.00 electric buses are set to come into operation this year and these large scale loaders in norway are in turn boosting the production of e.p.a. cools. it's one that's already has also to encourage supply is but we have to place or does not mean for them to stop making the buses that we'll need in oslo after. those of his say we want to buy the technology for the future today if we don't the

future will arrive too late. when it comes to electrification norway has 2 major advantages over the rest of europe energy here is cheap and clean norway acquires around 95 percent of its electricity from hydro power plants. plus the state has money to invest. in norway is a very strange mix i think we have a lot of this unknowns in this country and this announces that we're speaking a lot about the climate and environment electrification of the cars at the same time we're producing a lot of oil a petroleum one gas where we say we are dependent on our oil exports so i call that the new. schizophrenia. maybe we do some of this because we have a budget conscious for all the oil production but i think there's

a genuine enthusiasm as well. also because we have a lot of hydro power which makes electricity very cheap here so it's been a good place to start. and that's especially true with cars. doesn't work for a company that makes charging stations for e-cards he's in charge of customer communications and has no shortage of customers norway is a global leader in the field. the share of electric cars on the streets of oslo is already at 40 percent despite their limited range of around 300 kilometers and the fact they need far longer to refuel think gasoline models. the main reason for the high demand is not that norwegians are more environmentally aware he cars are simply far cheaper than vehicles powered by combustion engines in norway in eagle costs around $8000.00 euros less than the regular model electric cars are completely tax exempt.

and there are other financial incentives. no do so cheaper insurance texas. so. that's what this e.c. decision and the mormons and it's cheap to join you know just changing so this will be sued no sooner or later will be the receipt. so there's so much incentives to buy in the electric car there's no brainer i think come see this. although it costs a lot of money the norwegian government has just extended financial backing for e-commerce through 2020. perry has been stalking this is a researcher specializing in the energy transition and knows why people are resistant to new developments. such as electric cars we have to overcome a human aspect which is the resistance to change we know what we have what we don't know what we get this is something we call loss aversion and psychology i don't i

might loose on this fear for losing it's double as strong as what i feel in pleasure if i gain the same thing in order to really get a through z. some for this we have to make it simple and cheaper for people to get the go we so people can feel that oh it's not just good for the firemen it's good for my wallet as well and by the way my neighbor is doing it so i wanted to forget all those 3 factors working then the human brain really gets into it and the change happens much more quickly. excluding scandinavia the market share in europe is a paltry one and a half percent scientists the german think tank a gora blame a lack of incentives and investment that they've seen how europe has lost its pioneering role in alternative power sources now other countries most notably china are forging ahead in the development of electric cars and battery cells and in

government authorization. china has even set a quota to increase the proportion of e-commerce despite the fact that the country is still some way from producing enough renewable energy for electrification europe is under pressure to get up the pace but how. you couldn't put the 2 says politically if we're to take climate protection seriously then we can no longer afford to proceed sequentially as it would mean 1st making the electricity sector totally clean and then talking about electrifying the transportation sector that will not be possible because we need too much time to meet the climate protection targets instead we have to pursue both strategies at the same time. konstantinos bullo force on the other hand would not buy an e-card at the moment. he heads the efficient mobility research team at switzerland's federal technology institute and says clean electricity in europe is not yet advanced enough to make

the leap into electrified transport. is to correlate it to the relevant factor is the quality of the extra electricity i need for the mobility is which power plant is hooked up at the moment i refuel my car at a charging station. often this is a difficult task and. you have to know whether you will have additional renewable energies in addition to those you need to replace nuclear energy and coal fired power plants. to use it what's the priority when deciding where to invest it. just as it used to the government has to have toward unaided approach when it comes to the decoupling a zation of the electricity system we have to tackle this a little bit faster than the electrification of mobility if not of course we are doing it all wrong you need to fudge while other countries in europe are busy deliberating the norwegians continue to advance their infrastructure showing with the future might look like and the more bell the sector. charging points can be

found in parking garages this one alone has over 100. and not just there the authorities have a range of cooperative deals with shopping centers furniture stores and fast food chains. at the same time new rapid targeting stations have been developed that are now being installed the traffic junctions. the idea is to extend the range of e-cards for models that do not even exist yet. in a few years there will be cars on the roads which can charge much faster than the electric cars we have now and we believe that we. to build this infrastructure for these cars before the cars actually come so for the people driving these cars when you charge at these charging stations you can drive for instance from all slow to

stockholm with a 20 minute stop because the batteries will be bigger so you can charge more electricity on to the battery every time you charge it and the process of charging will actually be much faster. and time is of the essence because norway plans to phase out cars with combustion engines by 2025. from the electrified climes of scandinavia we travel halfway across the globe. to japan which is embarked on a different route as a catapult itself into the energy revolution as a leading industrial nation japan has huge electricity requirements but precious few resources of its own. most of its electricity came from nuclear power plants until the fukushima disaster in march of 20 a lot of. the country has since been expanding its renewable energies at full speed although they currently only account for 15 percent of the energy mix japan also has

a growing number of e-cards on its streets but the government is still concentrating on another source of electricity hydrogen. there are 3 aspects that are crucial for us economic efficiency and the environment . and energy security. we examine is what would be best considering those factors must be an option for hydrogen. and it's. a press conference in tokyo hosted by the ministry of economics and toyota showcases the 1st hydrogen powered truck to go into mass production. i think. it. is a need to any. need will fix your safety to look wally in boston

fix the holes hold up most of the exit polls last and shut that is shut the deal it's over officially for he'd lost. souls this is just the flooding of australia. the advantage of hydrogen is that refusing is faster than with battery powered vehicles the truck needs just 10 minutes plus the range is further. toyota says it has invested a quarter of a century in the development of the technology the mere i fuel cell car went into large scale production in 2015 for now it is still being assembled by hand with output currently at $3000.00 cars per year. these tanks contain compressed hydrogen a colorless and odorless gas when mixed with oxygen it is turned into highly explosive oxy hydrogen with combustion leading to the release of large amounts of

energy the oxygen and hydrogen are introduced into the fuel cell a controlled flow rates the end product is electricity which powers the motor instead of carbon dioxide the waste product here is water. physicist sheiko hirose is one of the fathers of the battery based hybrid drives pioneered by japan now he's committed to promoting hydrogen technology. to ease. combating native throwing to the chemical but they took the bait. and emitted time. we need to store the energy for balls. and more on the guys saw how to do it in there if that is the way you. support it the chose. to make it happen that. you do this and.

hydrogen is a such an energy carrier and one of interest not only to car makers electronics giant panasonic for example has developed hydrogen based fuel cells for domestic heating the company already has a partnership with a german manufacturer. hydrogen is finding interest in a wide range of countries but there are still a number of reservations one factor is that electricity is itself needed to produce hydrogen and in many countries in addition to japan that electricity still comes primarily from fossil fuels. but plans are now in place to change that hummel wing is the nickname for a new experimental wind turbine in the harbor of yokohama city it generates electricity that is used to produce hydrogen gas. the hydrogen is transported to factories by tanker trucks one turbine can power about 30 forklift trucks the aim is to convert industrial vehicles to hydrogen to.

japan's ministry of economics already has plans in the pipeline for the large scale import of hydrogen. from countries with plenty of sun. this allow us nestle move. to the top is can be could be used very effectively from renewable energies and when i look at other countries especially the middle east i think they have the scope to do that cheaply. so we can imagine importing hydrogen from there. like the most. huge solar power plants are currently under construction in morocco egypt and other countries with desert regions it is until now proved difficult to export electricity from these locations due to the lack of suitable power lines and storage capacity for such large quantities hydrogen could perhaps be an option for the future and it would have another advantage for the

developing nations involved with mobility growing rapidly there as well fossil fuels have to be imported a considerable cost could self produced hydrogen eventually make these countries energy self-sufficient. might even lease. this country and take charge advise him self. i do it income people do this from by all for anything i did i will do you them saw them and all their money. so to be mean this for education including that i. japan now refers to a hydrogen society although the country still has some way to go on the infrastructure front building hydrogen filling stations is an expensive and time consuming enterprise the hydrogen has to be stored and fed in under extremely high pressure and subzero temperatures. japan currently has around

100 filling stations in 2 years that number is set to rise to 160 right now there are 3 fuel cell buses on the streets of tokyo but production is being increased. tonight i think the idea of a hydrogen society is not yet that widespread solicitousness we want to use the 2020 olympic games to change that. event will be an opportunity to present some new technologies. that you know most of. us. will dismiss by then for example we'll have 100 of these hydrogen buses in operation in tokyo. yes it could i just it's. the most. the buses carrying the athletes will also be mobile advertising banners for the technology meanwhile the olympic village will be equipped with fuel cell heating facilities. japan is advancing hydrogen technology to help meet domestic

demand and with an eye on it eventually becoming a large scale export product. back to europe. and a major hub of container ship traffic if shipping were a country it would be the 6th largest climate offender in the world. stefan kluger is an engineer and chip designer at the moment however his is a somewhat depressing task. over 90 percent of world trade is maritime a figure that is growing every year meanwhile the united nations international maritime organization has made a. it meant to reduce emissions targeting a 50 percent drop in greenhouse gases by 2050. for stefan kuga this does not compute in light of constant global growth. to shift up to find out why shipping faces a range of problems in fact they're almost impossible to resolve the difficult part is not separating the individual sector has any plan for shipping in the future

also has to consider how we'll generate energy on land then that's at traffic and what kind of car we want to drive that's the difficult part is the huge pressure on every industry also from the government measures it being pushed that haven't been thought through no one has a coherent overall concept of. aviation experts are also looking at options for the future there but some siemens have joined forces to establish a special research department. their hopes now rest on this small aircraft powered by electricity. global passenger numbers are forecast to rise by a further 50 percent over the next decade this will also mean an increase in the number of flights and aircraft at the same time the aviation industry has committed

itself to reducing its emissions so how are those seemingly contradictory some supposed to add up. their bosses biggest competitor boeing is also experimenting with electric power is flying with electricity really the solution frank until one is a passionate physicist and a keen pilot he is head of siemens aircraft unit and naturally flies the electric prototype himself. instead of a combustion engine this plane is powered by 9 battery banks which provide enough energy for a 40 minute flight the system works fine with 2 seat. aircraft but what about larger scale planes here the batteries would still be too heavy the team at the siemens lab are developing lightweight solutions the 1st electrically powered passenger aircraft is set to take off in 2020 although it will not be all electric . the battery will support the engine during takeoff and landing when energy

consumption is at its highest. this technology will reduce kerosene consumption. he's a mix this hybrid electric set up is the key and all then be suitable for regional flights with up to 60 or 100 passengers. long haul aircraft however are not so easy to electrify fuel efficiency is improving with modern planes missions continue to fall but not to a sufficient degree by 2050 mission options will have to comprise 40 percent of commercial aircraft fuel the search continues for a substitute to kerosene. in 2015 solar impulse became the 1st airplane to circle the globe on solar electric power. proved that solar powered flights are possible.

a number of research groups are currently working on this development without solar cells. they want to use the sun's rays to generate fuel for aircraft. 1000 times the amount of energy consumed by humankind. just a 10th of a percent of the energy. human needs. hoping to achieve. this is the largest artificial sun in the world soon light at the germ. in aerospace center's institute for solar research soon light is investigating how sunlight can be used to optimum effect each of its $149.00 xenon short arc lamps has the output of a large cinema projector together they function like bundled sun rays. the test on this steel plate shows just how immense this light energy is.

it took about 10 seconds for the steel to stop babbling and flowing like water. and after 2 minutes it burned a hole through the metal. at temperatures of up to 3000 degrees celcius that's why it's just purely a demonstration to show the high energy that light has we want to use that light to generate electricity all the fuels of the future. that's worth. one possible option would be producing solar gasoline using water and carbon dioxide from the air and extremely high temperatures the heat would drive the chemical reaction resulting in the formation of a gas that is converted using a special technique into artificial kerosene a fuel that is essentially c o 2 neutral. researchers at switzerland's federal technology institute in surrey have already managed to produce

a minuscule amount of solar fuel in the lab. the project aims to produce synthetic kerosene under real conditions a preliminary small scale solar fuel plant is currently being built in spain. producing really large quantities would involve building gigantic refineries experts estimate the financial investments would be a mess. one thing is certain the solar fuel would definitely be far more expensive than kerosene today like gasoline and diesel for cars kerosene. not taxed so that is one reason why flying is cheap. unless this form of subsidy changes solar gasoline has no chance of penetrating the market. for scientists or difficult notion to grasp given that the technology could be available in the foreseeable future.

ones all across. whether something like this can reach market maturity depends a lot on related underlying conditions about whole oil and gas prices if they are currently far too low in our opinion due to a range of factors including subsidies. and if there really is sufficient political backing then i'd say that 10 years as a time that we have convened to cut. solar fuel would mean that flying would become cleaner but also more expensive ultimately however this is probably a fair price for a future worth living. by the year 2050 over 2 thirds of the world's population will be living in urban areas where will all of the energy come from is it possible to build a house that can cover its own energy needs. yes switzerland is home to the world's 1st energy self-sufficient apartment building that is not connected to the public or it all of its energy comes from the sun harnessed using state of the art

technology the electricity is generated via solar panels on the roof and facade. the basement houses power converters a fuel cell and a hydrogen production unit for storing electricity the building was developed by going to shites an environmental engineering center the building comes with its own smart control system that manages all energy resources. so is this building a model for the future. i have a huge respect for the people who do these kinds of things because shifting the boundaries of what is feasible these are very good pilot projects. on a larger scale this is not self-sufficiency for fixes here we have into dependencies that are coordinated feeding the costs much more to make each individual building self-sufficient than having interconnected buildings for

cooperation not self-sufficiency is the model of the future large corporations have also developed an interest in new ideas on the electricity market. pena's sonic has designed and built the world's 1st smart city and which is all one on the outskirts of tokyo it's $650.00 single family homes are designed for maximum energy efficiency the electricity comes from the sun. and. there's a long waiting list for those eager to move in here. he dickey talking with our needs a lot of time to explain the energy supply set up when showing prospective new residents around all the relevant information can be seen on a large monitor in the living room. that is now everything from the fuel cell heating to the status of all batteries the shown on meters and displays located all around the house the lamps have motion detectors

the walls and windows have special insulation people living here have to commit to saving power. on from the living room to the bathroom for residents there's no escaping reminders of their electricity consumption and to do it by desk i think. and a question would take on how efficiently they live. with the electricity they produce themselves. and that applies to most of the residents. what also makes fuji's always so popular is the high level of safety the streets and squares are all monitored electronically. meanwhile the electricity consumption of each household is also registered centrally in minute detail when is there a light on and for how long how long did the residence opener talking how long was there heating on. this a bit. this information is gathered from the various control elements around the

house this information is then summarized monthly and forwarded to the owners so they can see exactly where in which appliances have consumed how much electricity. the idea is for them to become more aware of how to use and save energy. the most. comprehensive surveillance batteries that communicate the ready smart electricity management in the home all possible only thanks to digitalisation. in the upper echelons of both politics and industry huge hopes are being placed in digitalization because it comes with a promise of efficiency and saving energy. but is not actually the case tillmans on toggles is an economics expert currently researching the digitalisation of our society he does not share the excitement. did dr wade into. the debate about the link between digitalisation and sustainability

is only just beginning. we recently had a brief discussion about blood chain and the big coin how energy intensive others transaction and. we calculated that one deal consumes as much an atrocity as 7 german households in one day. one click burns up a lot of a. electricity because chain calculations are so c.p.u. intensive that sometimes pops up in the public eye about how an increasingly digital society is also to evolve into a sustainable society that consumes less energy and more renewables hasn't been properly fought through. this. about. every year our computers for example become more efficient in terms of power consumption but at the same time the computing power increases at best the end

result remains the same. we can feel it. there are many examples where it's now possible to save energy in our daily lives take streaming today a lot of people stream films online and no home could go out and rent a d.v.d. to watch a movie and. one of us to drive down to the video store to rent a d.v.d. which 1st have to be pressed and brought to the store then go back home to watch the movie. streaming instead you can save about a 3rd of the energy. but what we also found out is that because streaming has become so fast and convenient people are watching more movies so part of the savings potential is eaten up and you can see that in other areas too these rebound effects that is growth increases due to digitalisation that ultimately lead to an

increase in power consumption. the digital networking of people machines and products is in full swing this is the era of industry $4.00 the pace of production continues to grow together with output. driven by the internet the real and virtual worlds are emerging immense amounts of data are generated and forwarded and also need to be stored. so there are projections on the subject of data volume involving very large figures they all assume that the volume of data will double every year. for 2025 i've seen estimates of 150 zettabytes that's a 15 followed by 2200 data volume does not play a very important role for us we're all used to data volume constantly increasing and storage to pass. city is almost always available like a cup of tea i did leaf. in our private lives the so-called internet of things

buildings household appliances vehicles and consumer electronics with more things from our every day lives being constantly added but this also has an impact on our electricity consumption. today the internet accounts for about 80 percent of the world's electricity consumption which is a gigantic amount and all the projected scenarios in a visit further growth in consumption of the moderate scenarios are based on a growth in global electricity demand of only 20 to 30 percent by 2030 the most extreme scenarios i mean i need an incredibly high degree of digitalisation could involve the internet accounting for 50 percent of global demand by then it. can renewable energy meet that increase in demand. the province of north close to the i saw mer in one day microsoft has built a huge server farm here all over europe to join also including apple and google are

setting up data centers that are looking to renewables to provide the huge amounts of energy needed to operate in cool the facilities. the corporations are reluctant to talk about their own energy consumption however. only microsoft is willing to do this subject to certain limitations. we don't disclose data center locational energy was from nation but just to give you an estimate for for how our data center operations. the for the energy that we use in our data center operations currently microsoft uses. around all the data centers all over the world. that's let's say a small european state or a small. american state would use a state like small town if you think about the future with digitize ation data

centers are becoming one of the largest consumer of electricity so at one point in time in the future. microsoft and other tech companies will use the amount of electricity needed to power me size nation for example the largest on shore wind farm in the netherlands is currently being built right next to microsoft's server farm it's operated by new one dutch subsidiary of sweden's vattenfall energy group and will eventually comprise 82 state of the art wind turbines. is. a rising total is 1300000000 kilowatt hours which means approximately half of them set up so the say so it's one of those $350000.00 households. the sole customers microsoft it's the biggest wind power deal in the software giant's history the company also has a 2nd smaller project in ireland where we had the beginning in your it's

a great milestone it's our 2nd energy deal and obviously looking into the future we will be looking at similar or different partnership models on the one hand giants like microsoft google and apple are making an important contribution the more renewable energy they need the more is produced. on the other hand more data centers means more power consumption and less clean power available for other applications. for electrifying transportation for example . if you have an order in order to achieve 100 percent renewable energies asia and in many other industrial nations there needs to be a decrease in the absolute energy demand not an increase or that's a challenge on the one hand we need digitalisation to help renewables achieve a real breakthrough but at the same time we need to ensure that consumption rates stop rising and if anything start to decrease. but how consumption is continuing to

increase in the industrialized nations as is global trade and the mountains of waste from our disposable societies we also travel more and are reluctant to surrender our beloved cars this is about how we want to live in the future and as long as you close your eyes and say i can go on like this i'll have my cake and eat it it won't work you have to drop an overall plan for reducing energy consumption and you'll have to accept restrictions in certain areas. in my opinion this can only work in the long term with sensible taxation on the consumption of resources anyone involved in these issues will say that you have to make energy more expensive in accordance with a schedule the only way to stop consumption is if it hits your wallet. our energy world must and will change but what about our awareness alternately we

face the familiar question what price are we willing to pay for clean electricity. enter the conflict zone. last knows venezuela's opposition asserted to the boldest moves yet decided to get the military to come over to their side my guess is the fear in london is the most annoying the representatives to a scene from the sway of a position leader and so it's good to have president on the fly what happens next conflicts. up to 30 minutes till.

some time in the 26th. my great granddaughter of. the world be like in your own life time in around half a century. your world will be around 2 degrees warmer. inevitably sea levels rise by at least one century. we're going to have some climate impacts maternal greater than we see on me. that's really frightening. place. why are people more concerned. little yellow. shorts may 31st d.w.

touch. this is date every news live from south africa swears in its president obama tons of pledges to battle corruption as he takes office in a lavish in over a sham ceremony may hear from our correspondent about the challenges he faces also coming up. the screenings of drama the jury has deliberated all that's missing is the punggol fresh from cannes alph.