our beauty. having all. the feats in the pantheon of the great tennis certainly he's one for the ages. starts july 10th on. a low and welcome to quadriga around the world one person is forcibly displaced nearly every 2 seconds that's the highest level of placement on record it amounts to over 70000000 people trying to flee to safety often risking their lives in the mediterranean 600 migrants drowned in the 1st half of this year alone after

a 2 week standoff with italian authorities who were blocking access to ports a german rescue ship last week forced its way into the port of lampedusa leading to the prompt arrest of the captain migrants seeking entry to the us also face dangers including cramped and unhygienic conditions in holding camps along the southern border with mexico trapped refugees rescue forbidden that's our title this week on quadriga and here are our guests ana maria alvarez from costa rica is a refugee activist and founder of the migration she says we don't combat irregular migrants by letting them die while crossing borders we do it by offering safe and regulated top ways and figure migratory policies both for the country and for those migrating. works university and. as an expert on migration issues

she says humanitarian rhetoric doesn't make humanitarian policy and us and the e.u. migration policies are more similar than we may think. and it's a pleasure to welcome other laming after the program he works for the daily newspaper to target spiegel and he says we will only achieve a humane european refugee policy if e.u. citizens europe has had to tighten its borders in order to prevent right wing populist from gaining the upper hand so they let me start out by asking you about the numbers that we're seeing as i mentioned this is in fact the biggest wave of refugees worldwide on record since the 2nd world war why is that and must we expect this trend in fact to continue rising it's indeed the case that the refugee influx to europe has been unprecedented since world war 2 but the

reasons are very diverse we see people fleeing from war but also people searching for opportunities in europe so. there's on the one hand the intensification of war and conflict in the middle east and hardships in south america that lead to large movements of people but there's also economic developments in africa that lead to an increase in the number of migrants arriving from there and also crossing the mediterranean through libya. those who advocate tighter borders often see refugees as people who are making an economic choice basically looking for a better life those who advocate doing more to open borders to receive them typically see refugees as victims for example of conflict environmental disaster

and so on we've just heard it's a lot more complicated than that what does that mean for policy well actually just sort of correctly right i mean we have to make up this was a refugee who is an asylum seeker and who's actually looking for a canonical opportunity is right so we have to distinguish that in the 1st place and yes of course especially when when when when we talk about what's happening in the mediterranean and people fleeing especially from leave you these days i mean just i guess was just to right the strike happened and killed 4040 people in a migrant camp in libya so so of course it's just right so what he means for policy means that many countries have signed up and has committed to this global compact recently which is basically to safeguard and try to try to prevent people from dying from the c.m.s. to be creating more safe pathways for migrants to come all of us lead countries like australia and united states were to want schools whose sign up is

a global company for example a a solution of course not but it's a commitment from these companies to strengthen and actually basically to take care of the pathways of migrants and when they're migrating both as you pointed out with your opening statement time migrant sentiment essentially easy to phobia often has become a driving force for right wing populism in europe but if you look at this distance just to sticks rich europe has taken in only 16 percent of the total number of people who are fleeing it's actually poor african and middle eastern countries that have taken in the vast bulk of migrants worldwide is that fair. it might not be fair and i mean you're completely correct i mean the syrian. migrants from syria they basically are in turkey in jordan and in the i think 6 millions of us have millions of them on these 3 countries combined so if you compared to these 3 countries europe as a bloc has not taken in

a lot but there is a buck to it but it is you have to reconcile the humanitarian imperative to help those people with the acceptance of the local people and it seems to be looking huge part of acceptance of as you mentioned in your question the 1st part of the question and. you've witnessed as a consequence of this the rise of a lot of basically right wing populism in europe that the that is the consequence of a noble open border policy so it's not a question of fairness it's a question of how many could be reconciled with the societies and the states in europe so then as you implied in your opening statement there is a lot of humanitarian rhetoric in europe but you are essentially saying that the practice is something else the fact is there is a strong body of migration law in place we have rules and systems and

processes for how to deal with the flow of migrants but obviously that system is broken or we wouldn't be having this conversation yes so the body of law does not reflect the political reality and this is something that i want to come back to which is making the connection between the influx of refugees and right wing populism is not that clear right the countries that are most opposed to it in europe namely poland and hungary there is a those of the countries that have the least influx of refugees in europe right so they they are. base there and tie refugee rhetoric on sort of a threat perception around refugees right and this is this is the thing that we have to tackle i don't think people are opposed to the humanitarian idea of taking in refugees i think what they are afraid of is the unregulated uncontrolled way

that refugees are entering so by saying that we should not save people from the mediterranean because that will fuel right wing support i don't think is the real narrative the narrative is to bring people over to europe safely and have them vetted have them background checked and be human and terry and also in the size of migrants that we want to bring in not just saying we just shut it off in order to you know drain the right wing rhetoric that's not what we should do i think this is also not. the solution to this pressure because it is based on a threat perception rather than on reality in my opinion i want to come back to you mother i know you wanted to respond to that but let's just take a brief look at the situation in the mediterranean mediterranean and particularly a look at just how dysfunctional the practice there has become it was illustrated

in the past few weeks when we saw a crisis that essentially pitted the captain of a german refugee ship against italy's populist leader. it's nice interior minister i must tell you so be me nicknamed capitano ph this not to his love of the sea but to his strict policy on refugees. she only other one is a real captain german refugee camp. many consider that here right here weeks ago she took 53 refugees and pulled the sea watch 3 import them to it to me despite sal being nice and she finally decided on the saturday night to enter the port on a small italian island of lampedusa. we declared a state of necessity because the psychological situation and the humanitarian condition has been worsening so much that i cannot guarantee the safety of all the

rescue people. the captain was under arrest for several days for entering the force illegally because she watched recurring ticks with the border patrol but being the things she should spend his behind false. first there were 2 says it was a criminal who were like. this couple of creator and hero and all the criminals. so martha was right. the captain misread cater or 70 but the captain is right i mean you have to save life's point there's no discussion about it and there's no but to it there's nothing else it's a humanitarian and procedure if you cannot let people die who are neat so there's nothing to add for it. having said that. there is a dilemma we are facing the dilemma is you don't want to encourage people to go on a on the main on an adventurous trip that might kill you. so by saving lives

sometimes just sending messages to 2 people who are coming so this is the dilemma you cannot escape just easily and saying i want to blend the consequences of it you have to save life there's no but to it but there is something that you're coaching people to go on this i want to take that point to the other guest in just a moment let me just ask you one other thing that goes back to your opening statement and the idea that we may have to tighten borders in order to prevent right wing populous from gaining the upper hand in fact don't actions like sell vs tightening the borders of italy in many ways feed to the kind of xena phobia that celine just described rather than actually reducing it. it's hard to say what is 1st and one second and what is the consequence of what i mean it's really seems to be an example that i mean the legal nord where she's the party chief of he is the

leader in or is up in the polls i think is now a support rate of 35 percent italians this is terrifying even even salvini is making all these speeches maybe he's fueling it but maybe he's just reflecting a sentiment that isn't italy and italy as you mentioned the 1st place was one of the countries that most refugees came in from the mediterranean and they had a huge influx of immigrants so this is a very very complicated. connection between what causes what there is clearly 04 big sentiments inviting populism that has the fight you have to fight these xina for big foreign sentiments on the other hand you have to reflect that there is no consensus in the societies in europe about how many a migrants could be could be coming into one country so let me come back now to this question of incentives and disincentives because that in fact was in your

opening statement on ameri that you said we won't combat illegal migration by letting people die at the borders is that in fact what you think salvia knee is doing trying to disincentive eyes people to calm and clearly you don't think it works in that case if i let my gratian of course i'm to like them i don't i don't think anybody's illegal but absolutely i mean what we should not fall into a dentist and they have a particular agenda and they have been using i mean call of united states calling in telling us well them and countries where they don't have that many refugees or are my rants coming it's an agenda and we we need to find a way how we how can we deal with the civil society and tell them not to fall into these agenda which is do you know my. father my grandson. sist and basically what we should be working on and what we should be doing is to kind of bring by the dignity to migrants which we've been using in the past 3 years for political agendas so so of course he's not right and i am so so the problem here is that the

more with falling under discussion whether the watch the the right thing or not of course it is there's no point out of this right i mean but the process that is going to continue out of fear i don't think that he is going to stop there because i mean they're going to continue coming and who's going to be out there who's going to risk their. their personal liability and and there are going to say she has to go and continue rescuing for in sample there is a boat a german boat called un to who was just released actually i think this week after 2 years of being kept by italian government so they couldn't go out to operating them in the mediterranean sea for 2 years and if we would be supporting somebody should be decertified stations were actually doing the most of these and act of humanity so let me just. pronounce one thing i mean if you look at still to italy from finland to greece from the netherlands to denmark to fronts all these countries there have been a backlash after 2015 doctors from from governments saying they took over the

the rhetoric of wiping populism we need to secure our borders we need stricter policies and songs on because the pressure from all the societies were just growing on these governments so they do you have any sympathy for italy's position hasn't the e.u. in many ways let italy bear the brunt of the refugee crisis at least in the mediterranean . i mean there's 2 important points that i that i think are worth making in this debate. first is i don't think this is a crisis of refugee numbers this is a crisis of refugee accommodation and refugee policy this is why we experience the backlash after 2000. 15 because the e.u. hasn't been able to practice real solidarity and provide an infrastructure that helps countries stem the influx of migrants i don't think it's americans themselves

we'd have to take a hard look not at securing our borders and making sure fewer migrants come we have to take a hard look at european solidarity and how we will manage refugee influxes in the future because this is not a story that is over now this is going to be something that we will deal with in the future and if we just close our eyes and say ok if we keep the refugees outside of european borders then our problem is solved this is not the case and the 2nd point i want to make. this idea of this symbolic discussion about saving refugees from the mediterranean and this is why we're incentivizing them this is closing our eyes towards the real issues that drive migration the real push factors it's not the push factor or the pull factor if we say if. the real push factors our economic our security our climate change our technological

progress and if we keep having those placeholder debates about a few boats saving lives which is a humanitarian imperative which you have said we stop talking about the real issues and this is what we have to fight we have to push these these place a lot of debates away and start talking about the real push and pull factors and this is not what we do with this. see what's debated so essentially is saying that this is very much about the fact that once refugees do i arrive in europe or in the united states we are not doing enough as you said to accommodate them to integrate them to process their their asylum applications and so it interesting really enough most of that actually was a point that was made by soviet in relation to the sophia missions sophia is a naval mission of the e.u. i think an operation since 2015 the idea was to try to stop human smuggling in the

mediterranean particularly coming out of libya but elsewhere as well so has complained that the mission has turned into essentially a refugee rescue mission in which the refugees are then simply deposited on italian territory rather than being distributed across the e.u. in accordance with existing e.u. law does he have a point. i think a few rescued 44000 people in the mediterranean and. the humanitarian imperative is always so strong you say you have to rescue these people on the other hand i've already described what i would call the dilemma of the mall to you rescue the more people feel they will be rescued i think there is a percentage there is even migration of there is i mean there clearly they are all and collecting themselves they all of them the mobiles and talking about how to come to you or because that's what they want and i don't blame them that they want

to come but it's just how the system works i mean i would love to have a common european refugee policy would love to have under the mark of the german chancellor try to have it for 4 years every week every month every day she was saying we need we need a fair quota system and so on and so on and she couldn't get it because europe is not united in refugee policy so this is yes you're right we need one but we don't have all the discussion about incentives and disincentives has played a very big role in the u.s. debate as well so let's now turn to the situation on the southern border of the united states and take a look at at the problems there refugees are drowning there as well as here as a recent photo show to a very powerful effect. this image has circulated around the world government and his nearly 2 year old daughter lariam which trying to flee when they

drowned in the border. they came from el salvador heading for the united states but like so many others they didn't make it. home in el salvador. clings to belongings and photos of her son and granddaughter. and her demands that . the last thing he said to me on saturday. was moment mama i love you say i'm a moment please don't worry we're fine we didn't know so it was his last message to get one of the ladies that in fact it. was even if the father and daughter had crossed the river things wouldn't have been easy for them in america under donald trump boulder police and right wing militia hunting down immigrants from latin america like never before. tens of thousands of them being held in the u.s. prisons and camps men women and children hardly anyone is allowed to study. you wouldn't believe how bad these people. these are people. these are adults and we're

taking them out of the country the level of the ring which never happened before is the american dream for everyone. ana maria donald trump has long been talking about a crisis at the southern border and in fact the recent numbers appear to be bearing him out why are we seeing what is truly enormous talk of people coming across that border and what is prompting acts of such desperation as oscar ramiro us trying to swim with his toddler daughter nobody would put their song and our daughter in the water if the land would have be more dangerous and also let's let's not forget that central america special that the. triangle has a history with the united states over decades even in the last century but recently . we cannot forget of the by the end of last year we saw this kind of on people

coming together from the north triangle because the journey of the road was very dangerous for many of them who are fleeing out ever since 2012 we saw a real peak i mean kriesel of migrants particularly on the compound of miners so this is the time that the car on they organize themselves together because the road is very dangerous especially crossing crossing mexico. they're having a lot of deals right now don tron is trying to basically push mexico to deal with the whole with the whole situation in fact yesterday a federal court ruled that east unconstitutional for donald trump to keep people intentional centers without a hearing because what now we can say that what donald trump is doing is unconstitutional just tell us very briefly what the conditions are like in those detention centers there was a lot of there was a big headline recently about the fact that young children were being held without access to so toothpaste conditions have been called in humane what is the problem

they are why our border authorities able to provide humane care. i mean let's not forget that these people are fleeing out from draw carville's and poverty and when they are after the border specially many of them since last year in november with the car of and their children were separated from their parents so they're still there together where there is a number at around 200-2300 children who many of them are alone and that already besides khan constitutional before day there asylum seeker process is going but it's completely the probable to have that many people concentrating in bury him in spaces which is not even going for them on top of a long and nobody's taking care of them so bad already. by itself it's already it's already run. so then is it a funding issue or is it perhaps again an issue of attempting to deter migration by showing people that conditions are abysmal donald trump has said

something of that nature would you ascribe that motivation to the entire u.s. government i think there's there's a combination of again a management crisis and then to prepare for things that they themselves have been warning about for months but we see parallels with european policy right so we see donald trump threatening mexico with terrorists what germany is doing or doing is traveling around africa and offering development assistance to curb migration. extend the number of safe start countries in europe and try to make a deal with mexico as a treaty immigration security treaty to treat mexico as a country sort of a dublin system where they have to claim for themselves so there's a lot of parallels not only in the imagery that you showed before but also on the

policy level but surely it is not to give development assistance to try to help people in the countries where they live so the question is why do we give development assistance right do we give it to actually foster economic growth in those countries or is it sort of a financial incentive to decrease migration but evey's a funding issue because there are there is obviously in these centers there needs to be there needs to be a better better conditions but what we have to do is to basically call the congress to money tour what is happening with that money because that monies that are arriving to thank them for. one sentence let me take us back to our title track refugees rescue for do you think we will see this system change any time soon you know it's a very very short answer but i can't. the consensus of the european union i can see a consensus in the united states even though the democratic party is not an open border party as well because sulfate even supported for billions of money to secure

the borders the. socan have to cut you off right there thank you all for being with us thanks to all of you out there for turning and say sent. to a. closer .

look over our way after all. and why are some so few kokanee test harness the power to mature. and why do we find the sound of waste so much the same monstrosity no assistance from. someone

to blame. transit and 30 minutes on d w. in good shape rare diseases are rarely diagnosed correctly at 1st many patients run a medical gauntlet from the 1st symptoms to the final diagnosis of the flu not the sentence if you have the feeling that something isn't right then you should continue to fight the 1st couple diagnosis and symptoms of skin we visit the center for rare diseases a berlin shot to take a hospital in good shape he didn't want to double. up he takes good personally i do it with a little wonderful people and stories that make the game so special. that all true

fans. place on the. lego more than football online. streaming early the google tourist guide fun germany's booming capital i love berlin the scope of the multicultural metropolis you know where you're a back series the band that has been in the sun like stars. i love you even once shown once again so it's a mix up so it's like me the spices of 50 nations 50 stories and 50 very personal tips on berlin's very best features. go down the list every week on d w. such.

this is developing news a life of from a storm tom comes parliament now is out on the run from the city's all far exceeds new talks exclusively to 3 young protesters defying chinese rule and demanding real democracy also coming up sudan celebrates what seems like a breakthrough in the country's political crisis.