resonate within its soul. ready the mind and the music. tovan 1st 12019 from september 6th to september 29th. this is the story of a free a simple fridge available all year round all around the world. this is the story of a fruit on which an empire was built one of the 1st multinational it's the united fruit company. i get up ready there in the morning and i get the movie ready and i when i eat i buy merna.

og this is the story of a fruit that changed the destiny of central america and gave its name to republics it became the toy of support came the symbol of all that's wrong with american capitalism. this is a tale of economics and politics a story about globalization. this is the story of a fruit a simple frint the banana. her. it all began in 1871 when the government in costa rica asked a certain minor cooper keith from new york to build a railway it was to link the caribbean coast to. the hype not change through the

jungle. but nothing went as planned. the jungle was merciless. there were accidents scorpions malaria 4000 men died and just 40 kilometers of railway track were completed. and after a stock market crash those dried up. costa rica could no longer pay its debts the railway remained on finished myna faced financial ruin. he didn't know then that fortune was right there at his feet in humid soil of the jungle in this simple fruit that fed his workers the banana.

the. first the simple food of workers the banana appeared at the turn of the century at markets in the united states it was a prize delicacy expensive because it was rare and perishable. anyone who managed to transport it quickly enough before it could ripen and rot could turn it into gold. mine a recognize that very soon he was exporting bananas and he was saved from bankruptcy. he struck an agreement with the government in costa rica he would finish work on the railway in return he asked for the. right to

use the line and receive ownership of large plots of land. land to grow bananas. train for transporting them quickly and cheaply. the foundation of his fortune. in 899 my not entered a partnership with 2 men from boston he had the plantations and railways his associates provided a fleet of ships and a distribution network across the u.s. . on march the 30 year 899 they founded the united fruit company. by working to finance reform or to nationalize a company which owns and controls assets in more than one country i would say it's among the 1st of the multinationals in this kind of like primary commodity type of

of of business and it's really taking the process of fertile integration to quite a quite an extreme x. extent including you know constructing what's going to become one of the biggest shipping fleets in actually in in the world and integrating right down through to distribution in the united states so it's really quite quite extreme at this time but they're pioneering in a more fundamental way because this company is actually creating a market for been on us as well as pioneering how to deliver the product to that consumer so in 8090 almost nobody in the united states really knew what a banana was basically. by 914 you can buy been on a. as in virtually all big american towns. tasty

nourishing full of vision like the united fruit company had a flair for promoting bananas. mothers with families were the targets the company published recipes and paid pediatricians to praise the bananas nutritional values. very soon americans could no longer do without them. 2 imported in huge quantities they were low in price and widely accessible.

and i. was writing that book bananas a delicate storms floods and heatwaves regularly destroyed crops bananas threatened to become scarce. bad. that my. cat i mine and his associates knew they needed to grow ever more bananas over a much larger area right across central america. for my spanish colonies these countries had won their independence of the beginning of the 19th century but the united states regarded them as a natural extension of its own market.

for the united fruit company this was one single territory completely given over to growing by nona's. just as the united fruit company itself kept on growing. it needed more and more land. in panama and costa rica local farmers were evicted. by slashing the prices anonymous it grow small producers who refused to give up their banana plantations to ensure financial ruin step by step it took over hundreds of thousands of hectares of central america's biggest land. cities like most of us here in california they all go on with their in it's exactly what happened during the land reforms in britain from the 16th until the 18th century so . the british royal marines were expropriated in the same way there's no other word

for it. of course immediately you the lands which they cultivated started to have fences put up around it. and by the 18th century they were forced to give up their workforce to the new factories. this was the origin of industry and economy as we know them today it was the beginning of modern day capitalism for. life. did the united fruit company introduce capitalism to central america. it certainly had a specific vision of development and progress from the start. the railway laid the foundation for mine a cooper kids huge wealth. for the young dangers of central america it was

synonymous with modernity. and marlowe wanted it found railway but the country was in debt and when the price of coffee its primary resource. elapsed it became insolvent plans to build a railway were put on ice. in 1003. approached the one person who could help mine a cooper. he agreed to build a railway in return as usual he demanded land for banana plantations have the right to operate the railway for his own needs he also acquired control over the country's main port and the telegraph network. in other words guatemala gave away germany united fruit company its infrastructure

its economy and its future in exchange for a railway. the company's empire grew to the detriment of the young nations in search of progress but with no resources and in debt. thanks for the money that's the pull the debt of the poor helps line the pockets of the rich privatizing the entire public sector through the debt mechanism is the act of expropriation of common property that typically land for the profit of a limited few green to be one of. the banana growing nations of the caribbean also bound themselves one after the other to the company. each time the company managed to pay little or

no chances in the countries in which he is operated draining their resources even more and assuring their dependence. case of the united fruit. headways were wonderful tax free concessions to things but honestly practically every western company all over latin america and asia had the same at the same conditions basically they had the bargaining power they had the technological advantage and the money these places wanted them and the deal was very little taxes. in our age tax avoidance or tax planning as it as it's called in business schools has become a central feature of business globally and that's a quite different situation from when you know developing fragile states in the one

$900.00 centuries were offering low tax low taxes now it's the core of business. a multinational can easily avoid fiscal legislation in the sovereign states where it operates by using a method which is well known today transfer of prices where profits show up in the countries with the lowest tax levels of body you prefer the law this is a political issue do we want this money to be given back to the public authorities to be used for the common good. or do we continue to allow our state's fiscal revenue to be siphoned off by multinationals so it's a global issue dissociative prasanna couldn't. have been known or had come a long way. a simple fruit had led to an economic power which became the forerunner of a modern day multinational. in

his. cabbages and kings the american writer henry described a fictional state controlled by a fruit company created the expression a republic. the united fruit plantations formed worlds of their own government by the laws of the company.

segregated society. on the one side the manager graduates from the best universities. and the foremen from the south of the united states who brought with them then knowledge of slave culture. and american enclaves in the tropics. an isolated social entity with its own way of life.

telegram dated 29th of may 919 to the united fruit company head office last lot of labor as a bad. mostly criminal. useless laborers from costa rica panama and nicaragua. continue sending jamaican laborers. the laborers on the plantations constituted the work force an entity which required organizing. the jamaicans were prized for their strength and enjoyment they were importing them to speak in their tens of flowers from the island of jamaica and heard it around from plantation to plantation.

to know coles were relegated to domestic chores. the hispanics viewed with suspicion in. the company preferred uprooted and isolated and dos our workers unions were forbidden. entire towns had to be built by the company draw hours these workers sometimes frosh ones had to be drained. the company avoided taxes but prided itself on creating entire villages in the jungle. entires the workers and their families. built clinics and hospitals. open schools for their labor as children.

wages were often paid in vouchers which laborers could use only in the. he's owned shops to buy food clothing funicello and to. but although the company controlled every moment in its employees lives to months started to be made for a 6 day week and an 8 hour working day unemployment benefits and salaries paid in cash. on rest was spreading in but not on our land. in october 1928 was that the sometime after plantation in colombia went on strike. after negotiations failed workers occupied company buildings on the plantation.

the colombian government sent in the army over a 1000 people died. the suppression of the sons of martyr strikes became known as the banana massacre an important historical event for colombia and central america the symbol of state submission with use of its public forces in the interests of a foreign company. i was. from then on throughout the caribbean the united fruit company was simply referred to as the octopus.

in june 1929 miner cooper keyes died in costa rica. he left behind a huge jump. with 100000 employees and over a 1000000 hectares of plantations. in 1910 he had bought up the british health ala fifes and gained access to the european market the time of miner cooper keith death united fruit company controlled 75 percent of the global banana trade. a few competitors existed but the united fruit company tolerated them in order to avoid the u.s. norms on monopolies. the core young male fruit company was the company's main rival at its head was

samuelson marry. a tall and gruff man with a strong russian accent he was seen as a visionary capable of making bananas grow on the most hostile land. in 1910 he had overturned the government of honduras which had tried to get his way and he didn't hide the fact people came alleged. his rags to riches story began on ellis island in 8092. the money started out of the docks of mobile alabama ports on the gulf of mexico. he saw the united fruit ships on loading bananas and watch the traders that's where . he learned to spot the fruit no one else wanted the right bananas which

weren't suitable for distant markets. he made a bulk purchase for next to nothing. he hired a wagon and over the following 3 days' journey and through this. southern states he sold his entire stock at the railway stations they asked for his 1st trip he had $40.00. santa the banana man had arrived. samuel the money challenge the indicted fruit company until finally his competition became too troublesome for them. in november $929.00 he accepted a merger united fruit bought out his company korea merrill samuel received $30000000.00 worth of united fruit company shares. if this made

him one of the richest men in the united states and also united fruit biggest shareholder. in 1933 he dismissed the company's board of directors and took singlehanded control as one magazine headline put it budget owner who swallowed the whale. tree 56 years of age samuel summary was the uncontested king of bananas. was an empire cannot stand still if it doesn't grow it fails. the 2nd world war froze international trade. but the

post-war era brought the promise of reconstruction and economic growth and new markets for united fruits bananas summary found just the man to conquer these markets edward bernays a pioneer of his own kind and a master. public relations and advertising. about who could shape reality according to his client's wishes. in the 1920 s. edward bernays had persuaded american women to start smoking convincing them that the cigarette was a torch of liberty the instrument of their emancipation. back then he was for the powerful american tobacco company. it is a book entitled propaganda edward bernays defended in his own words the conscious and intelligent manipulation of the organized habits and opinions of the masses by an enlightened minority. could it have been his uncle sigmund freud

who helped him understand so well yawn that in a consumer society advertising was the key to creating consumer wishes which could be nurtured stimulated ad in for nice and. so samuel summary he made of a non other fruit of the american dream. you know you're right but man was. 558 a man and that i've found that they can and have a right and a certain way when they're playing when brown and i have a golden rule 2000 and is case the best and other their. duty to the donna became a household name through the night at my dear greenish way or looking men think you are right for cooking and to keep the man i am. glad i rarely generators

away and keep the man i am i've come to say that you really shouldn't treat a fellow man its weight if you like to be refined and. eating habits really are to blame. a banana is ideal world everybody looks the same and tasted the same the company produced only one variety call me chef and. take steve ritchie and harvey out there for exportable demands kept on growing. but it is not enough to out of the right conditions for the one i'm most curious. it is also a mystery to pride because simply this fish is good for an open station. on

the plantations weakened by intensive monoculture to their owners parasites were spreading panama disease and yellow sea. chiquita banana swaying hips couldn't hide the reality the empire was roughing it probably had sides. samuel's about he had tons of pesticide sprayed over the banana plots up to 30 times a year. those who volunteered for the job received extra pay they were known as their vina narrows the poison us. very soon this kid took on a blue chip they fell ill doesn't start. the lifetime of a plantation fell from 10 to 3 years those infected by parasites were abandoned.

more juggle was cut down to create new plantations. it was as if united fruit had taken over the whole of central america. you're not asking for d.c. 14 it's remarkable because it is a parable of the perverse effects of capitalism and the logic of accumulation after all the logic intrinsic to capitalism is the accumulation of capital of which there is no foreseeable end with the idea that the resources being used are endless. just a moment if it doesn't this example shows that the company should have realized that doing this was not in its interests cuticle other corporate mocking that you get people dying in a bid to maintain

a machine which harms the environment and in regard to sustainability in the economic sense is pointless if they could make. you know. schnabel seclusion in the end just have a self-perpetuating logic required someone who is in charge to step in and say stop this request sure we need to do this differently or that it can't even fix the economy but. i. will be offering the free for the religious impulse what i'm very workable in 1944 a revolution in guatemala put an end to the 14 year rule of the dictator jorge will be called. the ones i don't know i've got your problem on the money if you want the dictator was a good friend of the united fruit company. to

be close or himself as the reincarnation of napoleon. and fearing a loss of power had to bend to the use of the words strike petition and union. he believed in forced labor for the poorest and the lowest wages possible. the contract c. signed with united fruit one highly favorable for the company. as. large a national as like you noted for stuart stability for its for its investments democracies can be very unstable i mean there's a reason why multinational investment is very low in india and the reason is it's democracy where there are multiple parties is always sort of checking do you always

negotiating everything and that's that's a veritable. nightmare for about a nationalist and they preferred or per se operate in china for example where provided the communist party approves of your activities you have a high degree of stability and things will basically you won't run into any sort of trouble so i think that i think that's what multinationals are after some sort of security and stability and to import dictators or the communist party can give you can give you that. with its promise of workers' rights and a minimum wage the guatemalan revolution no longer made the country vulnerable to united fruit.

in 1951 democratic elections brought ha cobol arbenz to park. out of bed and set about putting into practice the 1st promise of the revolution a land reform program which would redistribute the lands of the large scale owners to small farmers. but at the top of the list of large earners was more than 2 thirds of the country's agricultural land was the united fruit company. president of bens issued a decree to confiscate hundreds of thousands of hectares of land kept in reserve by the company. the indemnities were based on the company's low tax declarations which never revealed its real profits. never before had united fruit been challenged in this way.

as a young man samuels ameri had overturned a troublesome government this time with no mercenaries at hand he once again turned to his p.r. genius edward bernays and told him to deal with outer bands. sideways was again to employ his talents of creating his own form of reality. he set about making the protection of united free to private interests in guatemala an issue for the u.s. government thanks to. this. edward bernays was to create a fiction for 19 fifties america submerged in the cold war. was out of ecuador talking about. how kabul our band this was

a social democrat nationalist and reform a. but nays depicted him as a communist true to moscow a face of the red peril which threatened america and the free world. but may's hoped to win over public opinion. he opened the central american information bureau organized press visit and suggested articles to befriended publishers. so benet's really. understood it you know it's not what is happening it's the story you tell about what is happening that that is that is the reality and that's something he was greatly admired in studied in nazi germany

who carried part truth to another. to another level and now we've we see in our present world with. social networks and much else the story intensifying. with award severe consequences for for democracy but we could already see where we are going to lead with episodes like can i use in my truth. the time was right for edward bernays power play in january 953 dwight eisenhower became the new president of the united states. tries in how i advocated a frontal offensive against communism. he placed 2 provinces in keepers john foster dulles became secretary of state allen dulles head of the cia both had

been legal advisors to the united fruit company. the new ambassador to the united nations was senator henry cabot lodge a faithful lobbyist for the company's interests. kids family were longstanding shareholders. they were all men with an open ear for edward bernays messages. in august $1953.00 the cia introduced new methods in iran it overturned the government of mohammad mosaddegh who had nationalized his country's petrol industry he was accused of communist conclusion. the success of the operation in iran convinced the eisenhower administration the

cia was given a green light to intervene in guatemala. they operate. it was named success. edward bernays efforts were bearing fruit. the cia supported an opponent of the other bench regime. your out of my ass. became leader of a national liberation army trained by the cia. the plantations of the united fruit company became rear guard basins. in june 1954 the capital quadrumana city was gone.

over power of how kabul outer bands resigned on the 27th of june in a radio broadcast. 2 for the use communism as an excuse. but the truth is different. in reality it's about financial interests. those of the united fruit company and other north american monopolies. they've invested in latin america they fear the example of guatemala could spread to other nations. to becoming president with support from the united states custody or out of mass canfield the measures taken by the other been scarred of. land reform was abandoned land was returned to united free. but neither stability nor security for the day. after the coup won from allah was thrown into

a civil war that continued until 1996. it left more than 100000 dead a 1000000 displaced and tens of thousands missing. the maya indians were among the victims there was talk of genocide. fearing financial loss the united fruit company blocked all reforms in guatemala taking into account the risk of fueling younger among the people. in january $959.00 cuban revolutionaries took advantage and overthrew the battista regime.

evan estell che guevara fidel castro's ally was in guatemala. he had been radicalized by the overthrow of the cold war out of ben's he no longer believed in reform but in revolution. the you. in 1960 feet and the castro nationalized all north american businesses. the i. love. you all the way we think i. this time both edward but days and samuel is a murray what parness. the murray died in 1961 his empire didn't outlive him for long the united fruit company disappeared in successive takeovers and mergers it was replaced by chiquita

brands. infected by disease the call me share of bananas that had make united fruit rich disappeared at the end of the 60s. another banana emerged the cavendish. it had been developed by a small competitor soon to become an agricultural giant the new leader of the banana market. appeal at people and. according to latest reports the cavendish banana may in its turn be on its way out. dole employees tried in vain to sue the company for poisoning by pesticides.

chiquita brands the heir to united fruit he's facing court action accused of financing paramilitary groups in colombia. that was the story of a free simple free. today by not having been in a certain way when they are around and. then i. am in. value and. the pain i was by now and i'd like to climb it up the batty very proper probably. am.

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