how about taking a few risks you could even take a chance on love. don't expect happy endings. literature list. strengths. her 1st day at school in the jungle. her 1st con less of a man doris grana moment arrives. joining a regular jane on her journey back to freedom. in our interactive documentary during an orangutan returns home on t w dot com a tank. down.

by bass it would be very early in the morning so as to feel the energy of the water . the water washes away all the bad things from our bodies and that's why we bathe very early so we can work. on it that my name is to be a wall of particular that i'm the son of the chief body to have to get in. the amazon basin often called the green lung of our planet has been inhabited for

centuries by hundreds of different ethnic groups. the nearly 6000000 square kilometers of rainforest extends of the 9 countries in south america. the yeah well happy team live in brazil shingo indigenous park the largest national park created to protect indigenous peoples they are devoted to protecting the threatened rain forest. as fronts. line witnesses of the effects of climate change their voices have joined a chorus of scientists who say that saving amazonia is a matter of the utmost urgency. i'm the future leader of the i wanna pretty people. now carry on my father's struggle that i grew up with my father struggled to protect nature. and fought for the land and to keep the river clean. those are my father's goals. because

i was raised with them i must continue his struggle and think of the future of my children. business. the i want to keep population is growing and once again today i feel your love to someone to point out. years ago in the year while a pretty nearly died down. there were only 7 people left. among the 7 was my grandfather pyro and his brother sorry or. some that me a handful in the 1960 s. the young p.t. had no increase their numbers to several 100 but their future is uncertain. tabbies father i'm a ton a is the kiss seeking the chief of the tri. see we have gathered here and i will name the names of the 1st whites mean that. and cloudy oh the last 4 years they put this land in our hands so we must take care

of it. i return to witness the disastrous effect of the 1st contact between tribal peoples and european settlers decades ago. the settlers brought with them infectious diseases to which the indians had no immunity. such exposure wiped out numerous tribes. the push began to protect the rainforest people from extinction. and activists including the villas boas brothers demarcated the lands of local tribes on the shingle river which became a national park in 1961. and.

this footage from 1973 shows the quadruped ritual with which the indigenous people of the uppish in good river honor the souls of their ancestors. the ancient ceremony is still carried out today. this is a year after the death of the old cacique the p.t. begin the ceremony lasting several days to liberate the spirits of the departed. the giant flutes are the voice of the souls of the forest. song drives away evil spirits. love to teach pain their bodies will be ok shifts.

the tribes people have come to accept that they have to struggle to in order to preserve their. savvy has left the tribe to study in the city. as he has returned for the quota route festival of the day. live on the coast and by shot a scientist do. you know i've been here a week and i've been doing a lot of fishing and this week i've caught about 100 fish with them when. i move. in the world outside the shingle reserve there's no more respect the rivers

are being abused the fish are being decimated. they want to destroy everything. it would break my heart if we lost our land up in the mind of god. i want to return here but i have to study more because i want to show the community what i've learned in the city you have been doing for god i thank. you thank you thank. you thank you. oh. in the center of the village it's time for the villages to start stamping to awaken the dead.

the quadruped is one of the major festivals in this single tribal world but in this day the villages are uneasy. pims of smoke coming dangerously close and threatening to disturb the age old ritual. calling firefighters. police come to the village to put out a fire would have been in the. forest fires are among the greatest danger is not only in the shingle reserve but in all of the amazon basin. the fire is often said deliberately put big land who want to clear the forest and use the land for cattle grazing all monoculture crops. some of the much the meds again this is the strategy we adopt the fire is moving

towards the village in the center of the village is an area without hot. we have to get the front under control but it's heading for the pitch so if it gets too close the straw roofs will catch fire which would be a disaster because obviously part of the truck driver you see the tree there standing alone can reach it on foot yes let's go. in the dry period from june to october the amazon basin is ringed by wildfires. in 2016 a massive and don was raised in with the worst drought in 50 years. that they've been working here for a year and i'm on your feet when they come when we need how to react to. this cooking the fire burns up part. additional medicinal plants some of the

resources we use a lot that is payment if you want to. get. like. the firefighters have limited means at their disposal the brigade of young indigenous men has only rudimentary equipment. i did so you don't buy from i am a mule to a posh owl and i belong to a firefighters but 8 from brasilia i am here to supervise the brigade from the shingle national park. live . using several different feel the situation is alarming that if you don't do the wild piles of destroying many hector's a forest you want to want to. come and help. the last resort to prevent the worst is to start

a count of fire in the underbrush. from i would think we call this ping a fire we open up a line of defense and the ping of fire serves as a counter fire in the hole. it runs counter to the main fire and that way we can control the entire defense line go up without a nuke we simply prefer you to feel. for centuries the indigenous peoples cleared land by burning safety. by the high levels

of moisture in the forest the dwindling rainfall has now reduced that natural fire protection. now their theory is that much of the rain forest could turn into a savannah. to measure the effects of climate change on the amazon basin a research center was set up in the rain forest. the amazonian tool tower observatory opened in 2015 is several hours drive from the knowledge on the move my name is antonio monsey i'm a meteorologist and my specialty is the interaction between the biosphere and the atmosphere over the past years my work has mainly focused on the effect of greenhouse gases and their exchange between the atmosphere and the surface of the ground. on the water we're heading to the r 2 tower the tallest weather observatory in the amazon it was built to hold the equipment that measures the interaction between the

tropical rainforest and the atmosphere and the effects on the climate in the region . the 325 metre high tower rises about the forest canopy the unique metal construction supports measuring instruments designed to monitor one of the most sensitive ecosystems on our planet. jim and meteorologist stefan vase is part of the mission designed to predict future .

her busy. yes it's got to be on some screen to sink we can see as far as 40 to 50 kilometers at certain times of the day she survived we collect a lot of different data depending on whether it's the rainy or dry season and i think i say we don't just want to see the difference between the seasons we want to find out whether there are long term changes tsui for example see how much the c o 2 concentration will rise in the coming years you know sun it's a good thing i would have a long with this tower we aim to monitor the ecosystem over the long term and to follow the developments of global climate change over a period of 10 to 20 years 6 to the rising c o 2 concentration in the atmosphere

the rise in temperature of the probable changes in the amount and intensity of precipitation and how all that affects the ecosystem of the amazon rain forest and its relationship to the atmosphere the self-esteem of the 5 s. does that tell us all about the aussie out of almost all india tell us off at the amazon region faces many threats today yes i have the problems one of them is manmade deforestation into the mire one however the biggest threat is fossil fuels seeming to for sure they pose a very serious problem for a little because the increase in atmospheric greenhouse gas concentrations me can trigger climatic changes that will make the amazon basin much drier this legally to the point where there won't be enough water left by sea to sustain the current ecosystem full of them you know did i was to see a fair mindedness at this is the most awesome is always known as one of. the latest scientific research on the role of the rainforest matches the observation. of the indigenous peoples who have lived here for centuries but for them the forest also

has a spiritual significance. the amazon basin with more than a 1000 tributaries has driven evolutionary processes and countless species of animals and plants. on the shingle river the lifeline for the humans in the region toppy and his son merits are 2 of the 1st witnesses of the changes in store. thanks. i bought the marker down. here this is the trail of a jaguar. i always tell my son not to go out into the forest alone it's much too dangerous because the jaguar could get him. it's already attacked one member of our tribe which are you are jumped on him

a tree and clawed open his chest. great for that so it's very risky to go into the forest alone for some odd. put up the the forest is an open book and he passes on his knowledge with just his and was. when i was little i didn't realize how important the forest was when i see what now with climate change the air is sometimes so warm and if there is no rain. in a rainy period history. there's less rain of in the morning. that's made it clear to me that we have to protect the forest. because here in the shingle region we have only a tiny island of forest left to his still. he

shows me medicines and how to protect the forest so it will still be here for us in the future. this is a sacred place where they are wild and beauty the forest extends a long way in this direction i don't know how many kilometers nothing has been slashed and burned areas still in doubt it. we teach our children by showing them the secrets of the forest. he was the one here who sends a very powerful energy and. even the energy of the spirits of nature. the you can sense the atmosphere. if you breathe in the perfect flowers or plants. that. gives you new energy and you feel much better. for us and you generous people it's part of life to take good care of the forest with.

the indigenous reserves in the natural environment. the territories marked in light green on the back make up 10 percent of the area of brazil. the 800000 square kilometers has roughly the area france and germany combined are home to 500000 people. but it's not only the indigenous lands on the river that have attracted the attention of the agro industry which is spending more and more forest by the day in the state of muster grosso which borders on the protected area the rain forest has been nearly completely depleted over the past 4 decades. instead of giant trees soybean silos rise up into the sky. said his here the forest was never a sacred place but to learn to become cultivation. today brazil is the world's largest soya expose. and with 220000000 heads of cattle it is also one of the

world's biggest beef exports is today the agricultural industry poses the greatest danger to the amazon basin. millfield she had to do it i came here on august 18th 1984 i've been living in kalita for 42 years the since i was 11 years old and now i'm 53 soon turning 54. 1000 are some are used to seeing nothing but forest here there were no houses just trees i thought boy if we cut out the road without chainsaws. we felt treats so we could keep going back them there were just 2 houses you saw wild boars and jack was. here 4 or 5 years later the 1st cattle claim. that he cut down more trees to make grazing land for 4 months in the beginning we had 5 or 6 animals this intense i've stopped eating didn't start until 978. set and they were.

back then the settlers came introduce fleeing poverty in the north east of brazil to exploit the wealth of the rain forest. if you could see a photograph from back then you wouldn't believe your eyes there was nothing here but forest. he said. uncontrolled settlement led to a host of environmental disasters. the conquest of west in brazil began in 1970 with the construction of the trans amazonian highway the plan of the military regime at the time was to open up as the slogan went land without men in the amazon for men without land in the north. for 4000 kilometers the highway cuts like a scar through the heart of the rain. forest. the access it created kicked off an

unparalleled gold rush. in the 1980 s. the sarah palin other gold mine became a symbol of the ruthless exploitation of the amazon. and the gigantic cray said carved out by human hands thousands of prospect is including many forced labor is scramble to find the precious metal. the destructive history of the mine is today reflected in the 4 known eyes of the few remaining gold hunters who won't or can't give up their dream of eldorado. my name is rhyme or do i'm 64 and i came here in 1989.

i was a bricklayer and i came because i thought it would be better here but it was worse . there was nothing but forest pastures just forests and there were no roads. in just a doubt that you feel that the 20 years ago there was still a lot of gold but now you hardly find any. one that i saw but i've stayed on to wait for my pension which i will probably never get to live in class so i. feel. that's a. you extract the gold 1st you run it over the seeds then it sinks to the bottom

of the pan. this is a chemical a very concentrated acid that's banned what's really in it i don't know. all told i extracted about 10 kilograms in 26 years. and if. prospectors destroy the land that they dig huge holes then they got a boy who. continues to work the crated polluted area trapped in an environment increasingly ravaged by men made destruction.

to shake yet. when i 1st came here there was much more rain and the rainy season started in september or october and lasted until mid may. last then everything here was flooded and now the rainy season begins in march the river dries up and brings no more water in august. that's the fault of deforestation i don't have another explanation i say himself he acts as if the 1000 hectares of forest were felled back there it's sad they say they phoned me. up i stuck to. my station brings misery and poverty and conflicts between such as and indigenous people. was injured on the block oh my god it was the indios came into our tents and stole our food and everything we had then. they ripped up the tents no matter

if they are made of cloth or plastic and disappeared. what are you going to do well take on an india who is armed with a bow and arrow we gold prospectors have firearms and we sometimes fight with the indios but it's complicated the media is only interested in the indios they don't care about us brazilians indios can kill you but you can't even hit them or you end up in jail so when indio starts something you'd better get out of there and keep your mouth shut if you don't want to die i don't know why they get preferential treatment the indians don't make any money for brazil they're not like us i don't really know what they do and the shingle n.d.o. reserve they have airplanes cars weapons the indios get everything and what do we get. nothing you know. not the. colliding here each full of prejudice and lack of understanding of the other.

but it is essential to build up trust and stones to dialogue to rescue what's left of the forest. in the space of just one century. the amazon rain forest has disappeared and. we know that we need to have good relations with the world of the whites out there but indeed we have to make contact with them especially with our neighbors the farmers. and my father and i have already visited several farms to talk with their owners. ask them to work with us and not allow robbers onto our land and no fishermen. don't leave them in the indigenous people are always told don't quarrel with the farmers but treat them like allies but it works the other way too. they should help us to protect our trespassers out of our reserve. relations with the world. all of the whites should be peaceful and based on mutual respect.

this year the river has dried out. water levels have gone down tremendously. it's worrisome to see so many sandbanks where there used to be water but i have never seen so little water in the river. because of the day. before the dam was there there was always enough water. but after the dam was built the water level dropped and there were no more fish in the my the fish are being held back by the dam wall and can swim into the river running.

through is the heart of what resulted a wonderful ranch a true paradise leave the forest alive because you will need it. but the government in brasilia unwilling to engage in dialogue protecting the indigenous people and the rain forest is not a priority. the dam nearing completion on the river is one of the biggest in the world yet the belmont a dam complex is just one more the forest and its inhabitants. more gigantic projects including 70 major. land to make brazil a global play on the energy. that every day destroys the ecological balance of the rain forest and decimates its incredible biodiversity thousands of its animal and plant species are believed to be still undiscovered. humanity scientists see that as the truth. i. because it's

a fun thing because if you are frightened of the forest if you don't feel the forest you can't see the forest and strangely enough people who with boots and shoes is trained on snakes much more often than people who will be afraid so i also do it the safety. i am bill magnussen i'm with the national institute i mean i'm as on in research and i've been here for 36 years and i study biodiversity and all of its aspects from where it is to how to maintain it's funny finding people who want to help maintain it. so we have you know this is planned and. limit. which i have used for the air. and sea as well as.

this plant. provides housing and food for these tornado and. they don't look like they do very much a moment but we have done experiments where we think and these hands off and within 2 weeks the plant and think probably the fall the idea it needs the answer to defend it so through these plants that we see around many of them are on described. in the stream that we have here and they have species that feed the. species that we can see with if you take into account all of those things that we can't see which is the thousands and spaces of funky that might be in the still. the tiny animals that 3 cycle everything that comes from the top and allows the system to work. this is one . makes the forest work for us. and that is what we don't understand we know

it works we'd like to know why it works but we just don't know most of the answers to the questions. what makes amazon system run is that water most people don't realize it but a pretty big thing to be amazonas classified as wetland and that's this war to remake the whole system that maintains them by diversity but it's not just the water maintaining the bar diversity the market growth of the also maintains the water when the water comes off the ocean unfold from the eastern part of the am looking around it will dry in the soil and be taken away. but the be about preparing for asian prices want to back up into the the trees pump it back out into the it and it gets taken further across the amazon and that's. if they just so on to let the water out for me is dry and gets rolled across to the edge of the entity

that is then the break that down to the south of brazil to the most important agricultural areas in brazil other places in the world but that live and she does it so they are good cultural areas of brazil be pinned or no rain which is generated by the trade could be animal when you reduce the forest to a certain point the system will collapse. will have a savannah in the amazon will have a desert in the south of brazil. we have potential for curing illness of providing useful to food we have been working with a lot of indigenous communities. to give them the information 93 integrate they normally in the wealthiest of just. just surprised has a spiritual significance with indigenous people. their beliefs a based on respect for the environment in which they depend for survival.

and their creation is the great day it would seem a breathed life into a tree which then turned into a human. off to death a peasant spirit he tends to the tree. that's the goal it's the mio. while i can while they're plotting the most important ritual here is the part of a minute ya know it's healed we're benefiting my own called pirata come out of the by i think that our father already towner's brother who died last year. and this is the tree trunk we felled for us to get down here wasn't just any tree of the states they put a special one that we cut down in honor of our leaders it's not this a need this it's just as. he

was a very important matter both a matter community and for the fight for indigenous rights in the gate to disposing . ac could say if i get out this song is sacred and if we sing it while we decorate the tree trunk and it's not that the flute as soon as the singer starts we start doing. the spirit and the soul of a dead person is president that's that he watches us as we honor and it's an infant in the mantle i keep it up i'm fine.

that. that the. the words. missing are continue singing until dawn. on earth. when the song is finished up in the dead man's soul travels to another world where the sun and moon forming the village of sort of work days a month out there that's the end of the ritual. for you

cloth. this earth. itself this. is. not. in accordance with tradition all the tribes from the up is come to attend the quadrate. they own it they're dead together and complete. a wrestling contest that can help reduce tensions between the individual tribes. and these peaceful indigenous peoples are essentially against violence which in their view is something reserved for animals illicit beings. is very clear to base this motif. it is a fish. to do i like it that's why i chose it but today. tomorrow

i'll also be fighting with a certain limit to that i mean i will. fight certainly won't be easy. because our adverse reads a strong last. few feet most of us see some of them for you know it's a good fight to have to stop training as a boy once he's 14 years old. i have to eat special routes to make him feel strong and helping grow up to be a strong and courageous man quoted over the last scene and shoot. him in my eyes my . mother you know that guy you know. i. know you see it on the tribes here today or the quarter kourou caught up much you know who i went to and while ago.

i. was. go who cares a competition it's the management you came 1st the champions faceoff. i got you know the winner is the one who 1st manages to grab his opponent's spot and it's a done deal but you know enough to knock him down but if you die you can also throw your opponent on his back. and those are the rules to say. oh the. way that.

everyone is very excited. as a very important ritual for the preservation of our culture here in the shingle reserve record of the shoot it's part of our identity. i have to concentrate because it will be a very hard. ride them with but as far as i can see our opponents are afraid of our fighters with us was one of my mother but also living on guys.

i. think the touch of. the car it is still an authentic rachel tourists are not allowed to enter the reset. but how long will that continue to be the case superstition the 1st 4 flights. to the top fund on the earth or at the end of the fight the tree trunk is lifted into the water. yes and that's the end of our ritual you know my father and my cousins will be released from their morning then return to normal life and can dance again and they've been struck with the. new things then to the end of. this week chiefs are using new technologies like the

internet or the automobile as weapons in the battle to preserve our culture and. all struggle is taking place right here and you know this is. a return to and his son tapia 2 of the last guardians of the amazon they are fighting for their survival and the survival of the rain forest. if no action is taken against the deforestation of the region then 50 years from now the amazon rain forest will be reduced still half its current size. the indigenous people will not win this battle without help from the rest of the world .

china is hunting down the leader of. detention brainwashing torture huge prison like confound the western change on reach an official called the reeducation camps. but they're more like indoctrination presence china egoist people under threat. close up 90 minutes on d w. stand for.

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this is the interview news live from berlin russia's losing battle with massive wildfires firefighters are struggling to contain the blazes now covering an area the size of denmark we'll tell you why some are calling this a climate catastrophe also coming up. top organizers of the 2006 world cup in germany have the chart.