then thanks for watching and do join as again soon aka. for the tumble of technology. so driven out of the markets. the momentum of the morning. is made in germany. your business magazine on d w. nico is in germany to learn german. english in the q why not learn with him online on immobile and free to suffer the w.c. learning course because vic.

thinks it we'd be very early in the morning so as to feel the energy of the water. the water washes away all the bad things from our bodies and that's why we bathe very early so we can work. on it that my name is to peter. your wallet particularly i'm the son of the chief

our return to. the amazon basin often called the green lung of our planet has been inhabited for centuries by hundreds of different ethnic groups. the nearly 6000000 square kilometers of rainforest extends over 9 countries in south america. the year while a pre-teen live in brazil shingo indigenous park the largest national park created to protect indigenous peoples they are devoted to protecting the threatened rain forest. as frontline witnesses of the effects of climate change their voices have joined a chorus of scientists who say that saving amazonia is a measure of the utmost urgency. i'm the future leader of the year one a pretty people. now carry on my father's struggle that

i grew up with my father struggled to protect nature. and fought for the land and to keep the river clean. those are my father's goals. because i was raised with them i must continue a struggle and think of the future of my children. business. the i want to keep population is growing and once again today i feel your love to someone point out. years ago the a lot of pretty nearly died down. there were only 7 people that. among the 7 was my grandfather pi rule and his brothers are your. son that me a handful in the 1960 s. the young p.t. has now increased their numbers to several 100 but their future is uncertain. tubby's father i'm a ton a is the kids seeking the chief of the tri. see

we have gathered here and i will name the names of the 1st whites mean that i was a londoner of the last war. and cloudy oh. yes they put this land in our hands so we must take care of it. i return to witness the disastrous effect of the 1st contact between tribal peoples and european settlers decades ago. the settlers brought with them infectious diseases to which the indians had no immunity and. such exposure wiped out numerous tribes. the push began to protect the rainforest people from extinction. and activists including the villas boas brothers demarcated the lands of local tribes on the shingle river which became a national park in 1961. and.

this footage from 1973 shows the quadruped ritual with which the indigenous people of the uppish in good river honor the souls of their ancestors. the ancient ceremony is still carried out today. just such a year after the death of the old. the yellow p.t. begin the ceremony lasting several days to liberate the spirits of the departed. the giant flutes are the voice of the souls of the forest. song drives away evil spirits. the p.t. take their bodies will be ok just searched for.

how. the tribes people have come to accept that they have to struggle to in order to preserve their. shabby has left the tribe to study in the city. buses returned for the quota route festival of the dead. live on the coast and by shot a scientist. i've been here a week and i've been doing a lot of fishing and this week i've caught about 100 fish.

in the world outside the shingle reserve there's no more respect the rivers are being abused the fish are being decimated. they want to destroy everything. it would break my heart if we lost our land. i want to return here but i have to study more because i want to show the community what i've learned in the city you're doing. it. in the center of the village it's time for the villages to start stamping to awaken

the day they feel. the choir group is one of the major festivals in the tribal. but in this day the villages are uneasy. pims of smoke coming dangerously close and threatening to disturb the age old ritual. of the calling firefighters. police come to the village to put out a fire. in the. forest fires are among the greatest danger is not only in the shingle resets but in all of the amazon basin. the fire is often said deliberately for big landowners who want to

clear the forest and use the land for cattle grazing monoculture crops. some of them much the next again this is the strategy we have here the fire is moving towards the bitch in the center of the village isn't there. without hot. we have to get the front under control that is heading for the village so if it gets too close the straw roofs will catch fire which would be a disaster because i'll be a few more might have been out here i didn't see the tree there standing alone can reach it on foot yes let's go. in the dry period from june to october the amazon basin is ringing by wildfires. in 2016 and massive and don was raised in with the worst drought in 50 years. the president about they've been working here for a year normal on their feet and they come when we need how and yet a flat out as

a that. is ok my the fire burns up our traditional medicinal plants some of the resources we use not that it's been a mega hit you. like. the firefighters have limited means at their disposal the brigade of young indigenous men has only read you mention he could. write a story bugle boy sure i am a mule to a posh owl and i belong to a firefighter's but 8 from brasilia i'm here to supervise the big 8 from the single national park. looks easy ever before the situation is alarming that you don't get the wild piles

of destroying many hectares of forest you article want to. comment on. the last resort to prevent the worst is just a count of fire in the underbrush. from i would think we call this ping a fire we open up a line of defense. pinga fire serves as a counter fire. it runs counter to the main fire and that way we can control the entire defense line up with ideas that we deployed before we thank. you.

for centuries the indigenous peoples cleared land by burning safeguarded by the high levels of moisture in the forest but dwindling rainfall has now we do use that natural fire protection. now they are the is that much of the rain forest could turn into a savannah. to measure the effects of climate change on the amazon basin research center was set up in the rain forest. the amazonian tool tell observatory opened in 2015 is several hours drive from the knowledge to move my name is antonio monsey i'm a meteorologist and my specialty is the interaction between the biosphere and the atmosphere over the past years my work has mainly focused on the effect of greenhouse gases and their exchange between the atmosphere and the surface of the ground most terrible spearfishing. one of them was

we're heading to the r 2 tower the tallest weather observatory in the amazon it was built to hold the equipment that measures the interaction between the tropical rainforest and the atmosphere and the effects on the climate in the region often if someone is going to go watch the most feared of the. the 325 meter high tower rises about the forest canopy the unique metal construction supports measuring instruments designed to monitor one of the most sensitive ecosystems on our planet's. me.

jim and me to run it just stefan vase is part of the mission designed to predict and as odious future. projects out there scoring to sink we can see as far as 40 to 50 kilometers at certain times of the day. we collect a lot of different data depending on whether it's the rainy or dry season and i look at my 6 we don't just want to see the difference between the seasons we want to find out whether there are long term changes to it for example see how much the c o 2 concentration will rise in the coming years you know some misgiving i want to say all but with this tower we aim to monitor the ecosystem over the long term and

to follow the developments of global climate change over a period of 10 to 20 years the rise in c o 2 concentration in the atmosphere the rise in temperature of the probable changes in the amount and intensity of precipitation. and how all that affects the ecosystem of the amazon rain forest and its relationship to the atmosphere the silk still undecided as to. warn you that the amazon region faces many threats today. one of them is manmade deforestation into the year one however the biggest threat is fossil fuels for sure they pose a very serious problem. because the increase in atmosphere of greenhouse gas concentrations can trigger climatic changes that will make the amazon basin much drier to the point where there won't be enough water left to sustain the current ecosystem full of the sea. the

latest scientific research on the role of the rainforest matches the observations of the indigenous peoples who have lived here for centuries but for them the forest also has a spiritual significance. the amazon basin with more than a 1000 tributaries has driven evolutionary processes in countless species of animals and plants. on the shingle river the lifeline for the humans in the region toppy and his son married to have the 1st witnesses of the changes install. thank. you thank. you this is the trail of a jaguar. i always tell my son not to go out into the forest alone it's

much too dangerous because the jaguar could get in. it's already attacked one member of our tribe which are you are jumped on a tree and clawed open his chest. it's very risky to go into the forest alone for. i'm not. happy the forest is an open book and he passes on his knowledge with justice and with. a fine or that be ok q when i was little i didn't realize how important the forest was. with downhill with climate change the air is sometimes so warm and if there is no rain you know the rainy period is true. there's less rain that's of in the morning i made it clear to me that we have to protect the forest. because here in the shingle region we have only a tiny island of forest left to his. god

he shows me medicines and how to protect the forest so it will still be here for us in the future. that this is a sacred place where they are wild and beauty from the forest extends a long way in this direction i don't know how many kilometers nothing has been slashed and burned areas still indicted. we teach our children by showing them the secrets of the forest that and. here you send said very powerful energy and yeah. they eat into the energy of the spirits of nature thank you much. you can sense the atmosphere the heat speed. if you breathe in the purview of the flowers or plants. that. gives you new energy and you feel much better. more. for us why did you miss people it's part of

life to take good care of the forest we know about it so i think you. have. the indigenous reserves in the natural environment. the territories marked in light green on the back make up 10 percent of the area of brazil. 800000 square kilometers roughly the area france and germany combined are home to 500000 people. but it's not only the indigenous lands on the shingle river that have attracted the attention of the agro industry which is felling more and more forest by the day in the state of missouri grosso which borders on the protected area the rain forest has been nearly completely depleted over the past 4 decades. instead of giant trees soybean silos rise up into the sky. said here's here the forest was never

a sacred place but land to be conquered for cultivation. today priscilla's the world's largest soy exporter and with 220000000 heads of cattle it is also one of the world's biggest beef exports. today the agricultural industry poses the greatest danger to the amazon basin. millfield she gets to do the work i came here in august 1974 i've been living in leader for 42 years since i was 11 years old and with no 153 soon turning 54. 1000 i asked someone just to see nothing but forest here there were no houses just trees i thought we cut up the road without chainsaws 50 plus are perfect we felled trees so we could keep going back then there were just 2 houses you saw wild boars and jack was. 4 or 5 years later the 1st cattle claim on it we cut down more trees to make

grazing land for 4 months in the beginning we had 5 or 6 animals intensive livestock breeding didn't start until 978. $1000000.00 surplus he said and they were. back then this circus came introduced fleeing poverty in the north east of brazil to exploit the wealth of the rain fire. if you could see a photograph from back then you wouldn't believe your eyes there was nothing here but forest. uncontrolled settlement led to a host of environmental disasters. the conquest of western brazil began in the 1970 with the construction of the trans amazonian highway the plan of the military regime at the time was to open up as the slogan went land without men in the amazon for men without land in the north. for 4000 kilometers the highway

cuts like a scar through the heart of the rain forest. the access it created kicked off an unparalleled gold rush. in the 1980 s. the sarap allowed a gold mine became a symbol of the ruthless exploitation of the amazon. in the gigantic racer carved out by human hands thousands of prospect is including many forced laborers scramble to find the precious metal. the destructive history of the miners today reflected in the fall on eyes of the few remaining gold hunters who won't or can't give up their dream of eldorado. thank.

you my name is rome although i'm 64 and i came here in 1989. the time i did i was a bricklayer and i came because i thought it would be better here but it was worse . there was nothing but forest pastures just forest and there were no roads. you just based on that think you got the 20 years ago there was still a lot of gold but now you hardly find any. old one that i saw but i've stayed on to wait for my pension which i will probably never get to live you know got sad. if. i.

feel that. that's how you extract the gold 1st you run it over the seeds then it sinks to the bottom of the pan. this is a chemical a very concentrated acid that's banned what's really in it i don't know. all told i extracted about 10 kilograms in 26 years. of prospectors destroy the land that they dig huge holes then they've got a boy who. continues to work the crated polluted

area trapped in an environment increasingly ravaged by men made destruction. i wonder. when i 1st came here there was much more raw. the rainy season started in september or october and lasted until mid may. then everything here was flooded and now the rainy season begins in march the river dries up and brings no more water in august. when sabs the fault of deforestation i don't have another explanation they say that he looks as if the 1000 hectares of forest were felled back there it's sad for me made to move things and i've got a. different station brings misery and poverty and conflicts between settlers and indigenous people. was injured on the mob

the indios came into our tents and stole our food and everything we had then they ripped up the tents no matter if they are made of cloth or plastic and disappeared . what are you going to do take on india who is armed with a bow and arrow we gold prospectors have firearms and we sometimes fight with the indios but it's complicated the media is only interested in the indios they don't care about us brazilians indios can kill you but you can't even hit them or you end up in jail so when indio starts something you'd better get out of there and keep your mouth shut if you don't want to die i don't know why they're getting preferential treatment the indians don't make any money for brazil they're not like us i don't really know what they do and the shingle n.d.o. reserve they have airplanes cars weapons the indios get everything and what do we get. nothing and. not.

do well it's all colliding here each full of prejudice and lack of understanding of the other. but it is essential to build up trust and stunts a dialogue to rescue what's left of the forest. in the space of just one century. the amazon rain forest has disappeared. since i think. the we know that we need to have good relations with the world of the whites out there but indeed we have to make contact with them and especially with our neighbors the farmers. and my father and i have already visited several farms to talk with their owners. that are you ask them to work with us and not allow lawyers onto our land and no fishermen. don't lead them. indigenous people are always told i don't quarrel with the farmers but treat them like allies but it works the other

way to us they should help us to protect our town didn't keep trespassers out of our reserves after. relations with the world of the whites should be peaceful and based on mutual respect for us i mean his base and again. only to you and you very soon this year the river has dried out. your water levels have gone down tremendously. it's worrisome to see so many sandbanks where there used to be water but i have never seen so little water in the river he most of us because at the dinner time. before the dam was there there was always enough water . but after the dam was built the water level dropped and there were no more fish

in the might be the fish are being held back by the dam wall and can swim into the river any amount of these you. will soon the shingle is the heart of our 0 but as you are wonderful a true paradise leave the forest to live because you will need it. but the government in brasilia appears unwilling to engage in dialogue protecting the indigenous people and the rain forest is not a priority. the dam nearing completion on the shingle river is one of the biggest in the world yet the belmont a dam complex is just one more of the forest and its inhabitants. gigantic projects including 70 major. land to make brazil a global play on the energy. every damn destroys the ecological balance of the rain forest and decimate its incredible biodiversity thousands of its animal and plant species are believed to be still undiscovered. resources for humanity scientists

see that as the truth. i walk barefoot because it's safer. because if you are frightened of the forest if you don't feel the forest you can't see the forest and strangely enough people who wear boots and shoes. much more often people who will be afraid so i also do with the safety. i am doing our work for the national institute for. research and i've been here for 36 years and i study large diversity. specs from where it is to how to mine time. finding people who want to help. so we have here this is a plan. which. is to be.

this was. this plan. provides. they don't look like they do very much the moment but we have done experiments where we've taken these ants off and within 2 weeks the plant has been totally before me had it it made stance defended so. the small plants that we see around many of them are undescribed. in the stream that we have here and they have plenty of species to feed the a male a new. species that we can see is enormous if you take into account all of those things that we can't see which is the thousands of spaces that funky that might be in this store. the tiny animals that recycle everything that comes from the

top and allows the system to wood. this is what makes the forest work for us. and that is what we don't understand we know it works we like to know why it works but we just don't know most of the answers to the question of. what makes and the phone system run. water most people know and realize it but pretty bad thing to be amazonas classified as wetland and that this war to remake the whole system that maintains the biodiversity but it's not just the war to maintain the my diversity the marvellous of the also maintains the water when the water comes off the ocean unfold on the eastern side of the amazon in one drying in the soil and be taken away. but the the about preparing for asian prices want to back up into the air the trees pump it back out into the it and it gets taken further

across the amazon and that's cycle repeats itself until it or me is ryan gets rolled across the bed to the entity that is then the break that down to the south of brazil to the most important agricultural layer. in brazil other places in the world that live and she does it so they are good cultural areas of brazil. which is generated by the trade for be honorable when you're in choose the forest for a certain point the system will collapse. we'll have a surrender in the amazon or we'll have a desert in the south of brazil. we have potential for curing illness providing affordable foods we have been working with a lot of indigenous communities one way to give them the information. to integrate their knowledge into well system.

has a spiritual significance with indigenous people. their beliefs are based on respect for the environment in which they depend for survival. in their creation is the great day achieve them would seem a brief life into a tree which then turned into a human. after death a person's spirit we tends to the tree. oh my oh. wow i can walk out there but the most important ritual here is the one of them is on a minute you know under the seal we're benefiting my uncle pira come on to know that their father our return his brother who died last year. and this is the tree trunk we felled for us to get on it wasn't just any tree of the state state but

a special one that we cut down in honor of our leaders. not this i believe that. he was a very important man and both the mother community and for the fight for indigenous rights and the duty to discuss. ac country is that good at this song is sacred we sing it while we decorate the tree trunk i think the sooner the singer starts we start doing. the spirit the soul of the dead person is president that's that he watches us as we honor him he said. in the mantle i keep up and play on.

the singer continues singing until dawn. when the song is finished up in the dead man's soul travels to another world where the sun and moon form in the

village of soul. that's the end of the ritual the night is that you cloth. it's just it's. still it's it's just. not. in accordance with tradition all the tribes from the up a shingle come to attend the choir room. they own it they're dead together and complete. a wrestling contest that can help reduce tensions between the individual tribes. and these peaceful indigenous peoples are essentially against violence which in their view is something reserved for animals or lesser beings.

the british this motif is a fish. i like it that's why i chose it but today. tomorrow i'll also be fighting with us we're going to get into that i mean i. certainly won't be easy. because our adverse reads a strong. feeling half. say. goodbye to have to start training as a boy once he's 14 years old. i have to eat special routes to make him feel strong and helping grow up to be a strong and courageous man quoted over the last year and she quote from them i know that i can tell you that you know well you.

know you see it on the tribes here today or other quarter kourou caught up much you know who i went to and waldo that. i. was. there go who cares or competitions just see me and magic and 1st the champions faceoff i was like i said to the winner is the one who 1st manages to grab his opponent's thought it's a done deal but you know enough to knock him down but if you die you can also throw your opponent on his back. and those are the rules to say.

that. everyone's very excited who could look at it as a very important ritual for the preservation of our culture here in the shingle reserve would record in the shoot it's part of our identity. i have to concentrate because it will be very hard. i said but as far as i can see our opponents are afraid of our fighters with us was one of my mother but also living on guys. the funny.

thing to come out of. the coverage is still an authentic rachel tourists are not allowed to enter the recess. but how long will that continue to be the case suspicious the 1st 4 flights. coming up blood on the earth or at the end of the fight the tree trunk is lifted into the water. yes and that's the end of our ritual you know my father and my cousins will be released from their morning to return to normal life and can dance again when they've been struck with.

the compass and they see chiefs are using new technologies like the internet or the automobile as weapons in the battle to preserve our culture. our struggle is taking place right here and you know stuff this is. a return to and his son tapia 2 of the last guardians of the amazon they are fighting for their survival and the survival of the rain forest. if no action is taken against the deforestation of the region then 50 years from now the amazon rain forest will be reduced still half its current size. the indigenous people will not win this battle without help from the rest of the world .

i'm in politics under a foreign home voltage our series on tomorrow or today. we want to see more he saw to experience what drove him. a journey through latin america following the footsteps of the great scientist. our next stop if you haven't moved on you know

which to me are court oriented and it. is a moral to be a good enough squad to. meet the artist an encounter with richard ford one of america's great storytellers of egypt is works cast a sharp eye on the american dream digital because he views the current situation in his home country and what drives his creativity good and we need to richard for education. in 60 minutes. g.w. . robots are still in the development phase faced soon to happen when they. will humans and machines be able to peacefully co-exist or are we on the verge of a robot collapse. if we just bumble into this totally unprepared with our heads in

the sand fusing to think about what could go wrong then let's 1st face it it's probably going to be the biggest mistake of history. artificial intelligence is now spreading through our society. will experts be able to agree on ethical guidelines or will list technology create deadly new autonomous weapon systems or go. places for robot collapse starts aug 14th on t.w. . the man accused of last weekend's deadly mass shooting in a wal-mart department store in el paso texas has told police that he was targeting mexicans most of the 22 people who were killed well of hispanic origin were mexican citizens. it's always.