mission that has proved to be a boon for its farmers. from being able to grow on the paddy rice once a year farmers like superman today practiced multi cropping all year round. only there were no arrangements for water here used to from using pumps. generators there were about the. or harvest was martin it wasn't good enough. selling proofs in solar panels for in storage when i was here when they were through with. being able to grow them all in good quantities in the past farming cost us a lot more used to spend about 40000 rupees on does not quite out the. truth . when the need arises farmers like margy now also have the option to buy water from local entrepreneurs like open up all. there is also another business model

that has been successful and would you put its known as the joint liability group under which several farmers invest collectively in the palm the scheme is the brainchild of call qatar based company owner g.e. solar. company governor of utah who would say reinvestment because something that was already getting bombed requires a lot of investment and are this basically what we did was we understood what the only dignities were and we tried to could be enjoying global grooves awaiting the liability doesn't ford's fool one farmer it is basically an entire herd wait 5 or 6 farmers they come together and then they pay for the entire system and that is how to share expenses can bring the cost down. on or g. was founded in 2009 as a spinoff of the ngo ostrich on which works to promote environmentalists walk the

sea and sustainability across rural india since then the company has been developing solar lighting in off grid religious solar irrigation and solar rooftop solutions for board rule and urban communities working closely with banks to help and financing and with the government to ensure maximum return support on or g.e. has installed over 250 s. . solar micro grids and sold over $800.00 solar irrigation farms across india are getting banks buy in so that they can start lending for solar pumps was very critical it was a very important quest abolition of year payback and financial viability for the sponsoring system and that's what was our objective to ensure that how farmers are able to repay the bank loans one through the savings in the diesel that they're not using and secondly by a big increase in their additional income as they're able to do multiple copies.

at a price of a around 5000 euros a solar power is 25 times more expensive than a diesel power to pass a little of the shift away from diesel owner g.e. has developed a network of little entrepreneurs who provide the farmers with training and technical support they are already active in 5 indian states. like an orgy of poor the solar powered systems have helped farmers in other villages to boost agricultural productivity and coffee with what discuss a-t. to improve their livelihoods. renewable sources of energy like solar by the very premise are sustainable but how realistic is the goal to completely switch to this form of power generation next explain the oaths you want so that question. carbon rich and cheaply priced fossil

fuels continue to dominate our global energy supply. these resources however are finite. that means they exist in limited quantities and cannot be replenished in our lifetime. one solution would be to switch to renewables. but how realistic is the goal of powering the world entirely with renewables. sources of renewable energy include wind bio gas solar and hydro. currently our level of dependence on fossil fuels is high accounting for about 79.5 percent of global energy demand while renewables account for just 10 percent. of.

burning fossil fuels contributes to climate change by releasing greenhouse gases this accounts for up to 89 percent of global carbon emissions. but shifting to renewable energy sources comes with its own challenges for one they're not always reliable. photovoltaic system is sealed on average about 20 watts per square meter when the sun is up. at night it's a different matter. a fossil fuel burning powerplant generates $100.00 times more energy than a solar farm covering the same area and a 1000 times more than a wind farm with the same footprint harnessing renewables requires large amounts of land and that can come at the expense of local communities and natural ecosystems. they also necessitate the building of costly transmission lines when a solar wind farm is located far from where the energy will be consumed.

some countries however are in the process of switching to 100 percent renewables custer reka europe why and iceland. they are leading the way towards a future without greenhouse gas emissions thereby reducing pollution and conserving resources with the necessary investment and the right technology the transition to renewable energy isp. possible. now we can be a source of energy a company in germany has come up with a method to not only clean beast water so that it can be these things but also to generate hydrogen hydrogen is a 0 emission fuel and can be used to power up automobiles feasible is this let's fight. the big cities generate a lot of waste water. here in berlin much of it gets processed at this year which treatment plant. it deals with the effluent of more than a 1000000 people

a quarter of the city's population. the water passes through a series of filter beds. within a day 98 percent of the impurities are removed. nature deals with the other 2 percent after the water is fed back into the outside world. with therefore we release the treated waste water we add a lot of oxygen to make sure there's enough in our lakes and rivers for the fish and other life forms. as you can see it creates foam but only briefly it's entirely biological and it soon disappears over there is gone already. the process of purifying waste water is complex. samples are taken to various stages in the process for analysis in the plants lab. the water is brown because it contains lots of microorganisms more than 200 species that are added on

purpose so they can do their job eat up dirt in the water. when they finish their work what's left over is sewage sludge. it's then fed into bio gas digesters. the gas that's produced their powers turbines to generate a. electricity to run the treatment plant. what's then left over is process water which is still pretty dirty it can contain compounds that produce ammonia which is toxic to fish so this process water has to be purified some more. we use a biological process to clean the water we deploy specialist microorganisms different from the ones used in the 1st stage of the process. this 2nd treatment step is

complex and expensive. that's why gans hunger comes in. his company is developing techniques to improve the water purification process and make it cheaper. he uses samples from the treatment plant for experiments in his lab. for him wastewater is a resource a raw material and he hopes to make money with it one day. the violet light shows the purifying process is underway. it involves some pretty advanced plasma physics. has come on the force if you can think of plasma small both of lightning which carry a strong electric charge that can split molecules in the water and thereby purify

the water damage of those of us on i tunes. the hydrogen produced can be used as a source of energy. it can be mixed with bio gas to create a fuel suitable to power a vehicle. this company van already runs on it the company's test facility can currently purify 200 liters of waste water a day the facility itself is powered in an environmentally friendly manner with wind and solar energy. comparing before and after the difference is clear there are however still substances in the cleansed water that should be removed the residue at the bottom is made up of minerals that can be filtered out but there are further issues that need to be addressed. what we are looking into is whether we can also eliminate medicines hormones penicillin

for example so i think over the next year and a half we'll find out whether or not that's possible. the next step for graff force is to build a larger test facility at the water treatment plant itself could harm because process be scaled up to treat all the waste water that arrives there has enough plants that if grow forces technology works at will be a win win situation producing energy and clean water. there's growing interest in his work in countries around the world including india it could prove to be a game changer. let's now get to georgia the country's rural households still depend on what book stores to heat water more and more trees of every year this traditional practice but now an energy cool pretty tip is providing solar powered water heaters to a village in georgia and there's already a multiple change in the mindset of the religious in favor of the cleaner

technologies. at 6 30 am. fetches the hot water like she does every morning. the calories utter has to be cleaned before milking. a little later as well as the family's breakfast she makes cheese and requires a lot of patience she can tell the cheese is ready when the consistency is just right. everything here runs like clockwork with no time for breaks. while they're respected as a housewife i have a lot of work to do i clean make the food clear cows and lots of other things that would be aphasic * there's always something to do their office floor or. none i go

to bennett says 60 and was a nurse for 30 years she lives with her husband son daughter in law and grandchildren. who i always need hot water i'm glad we have this system. they received a solar powered water heater from a local energy cooperative. that claudette st it is that you don't like i say i could be said money and sold a few things but it was my husband who really wanted this work never it's quite expensive it is manageable now it can show up but you don't like. the cheeses ready not i'm going to abandon is going to take it to the market . people here bring produce they grow or make at home like doubles fruit herbs. and cheese.

mrs nonny has barely unpacked before a trader calms and buys the lot depending on the type of cheese she pays between one euro 50 and 2 euros 50 a kilo. a safe that you don't get much but if you live frugally you get by we try to get by on it yeah. lisa is also in charge of the housework on her home plus the farm and the grandchildren. she still heats water the traditional way on a wood burning stove in the living room she needs a lot of hot water and therefore a lot of wood. her annual would supply costs between $2240.00 euros in georgia the average income is under 3 and a half 1000 euros a year. club. we save money so we can afford the wood but

sadly there are a lot of families who don't. well we're doing better than some we can pay for firewood the poor families current. the men collect the word from high up in the forests of the carcasses mountains. they're still allowed to fill trees here. gogu to here is 27 he comes here regularly. go to estimates that each and every house in his area consumes about $2.00 to $3.00 truckloads of wood every year include his sitting room which are all shuttle which was something to do if we cut down trees anywhere else we could cause rock slides which are dangerous for the residents i said well if you know.

the forest might seem lush but deforestation is rife across georgia the number of trees being cut has to be limited to ensure long term sustainability currently over 12 times that number is being felt. the worker has to mechanics is helping to solve the problem they're cutting solar panels. the machine dates back to world war 2 but it still works there part of the energy cooperative the systems they produce here should help to reduce wood burning and therefore carbon dioxide emissions. the cooperative as provided solar powered water heaters to more than 100 homes in the village. johnny is a 39 year old teacher and head of the energy cooperative its name means turn on the

sun the system is being installed here today. so much his pleasure residents know about the horseshoe systems and they know that banks are providing loans for them and can be out and got to you don't have to go from door to door people who are interested come to us. none are good about it says back from the markets and the grandchildren are awake her son and daughter in law are at work so she has to look after the children no time for a break this is horrible slow mo i'm 60 years old and i think my life is almost over i do anything to give my children and grandchildren a better future i hope they have a better life. and hot water straight from the tap is a good place to start. now a group of environmental engineers and by.