human cells. in a 35 generally speaking fine particles course pulmonary information if you're exposed to particular matter over long periods of time that inflammation can become chronic chronic inflammation can be to cardiac diseases and permanent pulmonary inflammation which in turn can trigger or aggravate diseases like asthma c o p b g o p d. it's an invisible threat numerous studies have found that her nostrils only catch and filter particles larger than 10 micro meters. ultra fine particles are much smaller than even 2.5 micro meters with no barrier to stop them they can settle deep in our lungs. then they can trigger dangerous inflammation they can even enter our blood stream with severe consequences disease cardiac arrest or strokes if the particles reach our brain.

cinnamon's colleagues can identify each individual component of particulates matter in ship's exhaust fumes this lets them determine its precise effect on the human body up until a few years ago research suggested emissions from heavy oil were much more harmful to humans than diesel but more recent studies painted leak a picture. i mean let's be on feel for we've looked at a number of different processes over the past anything from emissions from car engines to wood combustion this chip emissions from have been found to have the biggest effect of war regardless of whether they use diesel or heavy oil. in the long run the heavy oil has a larger cost of janick effect but they both have equally high acute effects. in their rust belt lab the scientists can also measure pollutants emitted by ships

at sea for this they suck the outside into into the lab on windy days. the instruments on so sensitive that they can pick up pollutants emitted from ever 100 kilometers away. the team uses shipping routes and timetables to determine which vessel it's from. 2019 on the banks of the elbe are in hamburg. axel fate of his hand to measure the pollutant levels emitted by a cruise ship his portable device is ultra sensitive. the senior he will have to 1st find matter in the air here even though the ship was

far away when it was passing us the wind blew the other way but even at a distance of one. the law matter i still get a reading of over $20000.00 particles and there's more not region dioxide to about . $20000.00 aerosol particles that's roughly twice the average level in hamburg and the wind wasn't even blowing in the right direction. such as no filter the exhaust was being blown to the other side of the other by the people on that bank were exposed to the fumes. magdalena flemming from amanda continues to worry about her health. she suffers from asthma last year alone she saw 199 cruise ships still can't be hit it was nice but i'm not sure if it's still healthy for me here. it's just getting worse. and i'm concerned for my children and my grandchildren. i already have 3

great grandchildren. and how ditty is the extreme boats are emitting. this ship chandra tells us that all the cruise ships operated for them always that hit the official regulations in the baltic sea and elsewhere. its shipping company says they are striving to upgrade their ships to skinny as possible but installing a filter isn't possible for technical reasons. we also spoke with several passages . well i know cruise ships are dirty but i don't know the exact numbers. but sure they're big polluters to see john's section or that it's really just that one has just been so that worries me a lot yes they are still taking a cruise i'm still taking a cruise. in hamburg some roads have been blocked due to car pollution but here in the harbor the ships let their engines run day and night and they're filthy you can

see the black clouds above them blast out very. terrible from s n n s n is clean now but that wasn't always the case people living on the coast always used to have a clean fresh air now it's the other way around. in the german climate computing center in hamburg researchers have calculated how and pollutants have to spin it through northern germany the results with. fine particles from ships on the health risks they bring with them have spread across the entire north of germany. and cruise line isn't just making matters worse . i was shocked at how deeply ship emissions impacted areas not directly by the coast yes sometimes the effects could be seen hundreds of kilometers inland

from beach on long island. and we were taken aback when we realised just how much came from ship traffic before we thought sure there are 10000 ships sailing in the north sea but what damage can they possibly do compared to 50000000 cars. but if you look at the pollutants if you read it how much is emitted per kilometer per ton of goods. you find it's much higher with ships than with cars. most people don't know that even further inland the air we breathe is being polluted by ships out at sea. cruise company say they have taken action to become more environmentally sustainable. this is keel at the end of january 29000 where a new to me ship is being presented. just like the other operators this large cruise ship is equipping its new ships with so-called self

a school bus and catalytic converters that meant to reduce self dioxide emissions by up to 99 percent and nitrogen oxides by up to 75 percent the additions are also meant to significantly decrease the amount of particulate matter released into the atmosphere but it's hard to tell just how effective the equipment is. the cruise companies state vague it up because we achieve excellent values with the aftertreatment of emissions some are even better than marine diesel values. the company office similarly generic statements 2 thirds of the questions submitted in writing so it remains unclear whether sulfa scrubbers can actually reduce health risks. you have to distinguish between environmental. and health impacts sulfur emissions are known from acid rain and can be very harmful to the environment but the effect of so far on our health is rather limited.

from 2020 onwards the level of south of permitted in ship fuel will be restricted to 0.5 percent that might sound good at 1st but 0.5 percent is still $500.00 times higher than what is permitted in car fuel. on the baltic sea the sulfur content cap is set at 0 point one percent that still $100.00 times more than coffee. nevertheless shipping companies are looking to scrap has to remain commercially viable. with because scrap a strip self from heavy oil as it burns companies can keep relying on cheap fuel and simply wash it with scrub us. back to the port a flu shot accidentally she's trying to measure whether ships here have scrubbers.

but again wind conditions are unfavorable. scrubber works well it can reduce offer dioxide emissions by about 85 to 90 percent but other issues like ultra fine particles remain unchanged that's why toohey was bruised up.