travelling through time with an app been seeing how good it is that the real wall is long gone. digital mine are now of our top stories this hour g 7 leaders are heading into the final day of their summit in the french for sort of directs phrase meetings are expected to focus on climate change and the fires burning in the amazon and brazil on sunday the iranian foreign minister job azaria made a surprise appearance on the sidelines of that. i'm brian thomas is all we have time for for the entire team thanks for being.

colleagues i know from more of our series on tomorrow today we want to see what he saw to experience what drove him one journey through latin america following in the footsteps of the great scientist the journey continues from the deserts of her room

to the fascinating underwater world of the humboldt current. oral tradition next to the. under soft leaves in my hands. where i come from abroad your remains an important town for me soft transmitting news and information and when i was young my country was in brawley and confidence the war traumatized people most people would gather our own drudge of a cinema. it was my job to tour in one of the largest sets so that everyone in the town. listened to those updates.

nothing has been from incident my long cardia enjoy a month or more of them so long even if it's not i caught us i was a twit and much more. by choice the scottish because given their way toward transmitting the troops. when in the crash my much and i will. give up. com. welcome to we keep does of science on to morrow to day. out to any in the footsteps of alex on the phone home but continues to peruse pacific coast and on into the ocean. so much water so close yet paris coastal region is mostly does

it can be torn out of the balance. we say goodbye to the traditional kilogram and well come to mind bending anyone. who goes actions are linked by currents crisscrossing the glare of. one that flows up the pacific coast of south america is called the piru or hobart current get venturous german naturalist went out of there in 89 to i'm tickets temperature. he was surprised to find it cooler than the more serve round it. man. before he died it was given his name but he responded modestly. well the fishing boys from chile to piii to have known about the current for 300 years my only contribution was to be the 1st to have measure the temperature of the currents water. our

expedition retracing alexander from habits footsteps now takes us to peru and the current that bears his name. when i'm in the water i enter a new world it's a great privilege being able to observe things that so few other people can feel seen and understanding how nature works underwater is spectacular it's an indescribable sensation. that it's not for. past this is for the pacific ocean meets

a seemingly endless desert. peru's coastal region is among the driest in the world . while its cold ocean waters are among the most productive ecosystems the current that flows along the western coast of south america would later be named after other accent often home but although it was known centuries before his expedition to the region. in the course of his climate studies humbled noticed that at the coast of peru the pacific was around 7 degrees celsius colder than in the open ocean. as the cool masses of water flow up from there and arctic and north along south america they bring a large quantities of oxygen with them. but that one area. one of the most important features of the cold currents is that they generate an extremely rich ecosystem in the region here we find extraordinary high concentrations of marine life that are typical for these waters compared with other

latitudes these waters boast of a far higher degree of biodiversity which makes them very important. that we know they've got a phone going. through sloan bastar works for peru's him are paid marine institute. here in their product goes national reserve he examines the influence of them bold current on plant and animal life divers need to don think with suits to go exploring underwater here and his work is not made easier by the strong current. the upwelling zones in their own boat current bring an abundance of nutrients to the surface in the process supplying food for fish and marine mammals the current is an ideal environment for algae. farm about

a bit off for most of the algae growing in this region that has adapted extremely well to the cold environment. let me think. about the what should be algae constitute a very important component of the overall biological cycle and that. a lot of organisms feed off that. so we're trying to get healthy algae population you also find a high diversity of other species. that biodiversity in and along the current has made peruse coastal waters one of the world's richest sources of fish. for centuries the country offer a hugely lucrative grounds for fishers but more recently they've noticed a significant reduction in their catches and it's the operators of smaller fishing boats like captain mario decrease who is by over who are struggling the most.

just look. we've been out here for over 2 hours and we haven't got a single fish. but in the audience. that basis there has to be so much more to catch in this region until the big boats arrived a lot of them but. i don't know yet what i will and they tell all the smaller species of fish with their trawler now it's ok at last that i mean there's nothing left for us here on earth that basis because we have to go further out to sea. roos around you will fishing all amounts to $7000000.00 tons that's over 10 percent of the global catch overfishing by high tech commercial fleets from all over the world is

a threat to the ecosystem and it's already making an impact on people's livelihoods . in the once prosperous port city of baidoa many boats have been left stranded by developments with unemployment rising one of the few options for making a living as a job on one of the foreign trawlers. how much longer can local fishermen survive. in the peruvian company lima the country's national marine institute is projecting the future development of the ecosystem in their homeworld current. in addition to keeping count of fish stocks but scientists here also monitor the quality of the sea water and what has been declining due to climate change. among

their observations but humble its current no contains less oxygen and is becoming increasingly acidified doo doo. i level is of carbon dioxide. one object of their research is only visible under the microscope a drop of water can contain up to a 1000 plankton organisms seen here during the metamorphosis of larva into juveniles plankton provides food for many marine creatures and is indispensable for the well being of the sea is. not that nice walk up all the way return or organisms that benefit production and propagation in other food chains and they're also very sensitive to change as a result of the low oxygen content the acidification of the oceans and the growing pollution of our coasts organisms that are unable to adapt quickly enough dying and

we're seeing this right now with plankton. it's a picture far removed from the paradise of biodiversity that on xander front on border encountered on the peruvian ghost how much more human intervention can overseas cope with. got missed and i think the future is definitely in our hands it ought to be obvious to us humans as intelligent beings that if we want to have a flourishing ecosystem it's up to us to start keeping it healthy. what do they look like yeah if they have anything a lot of people still don't seem to realize that the contamination we subject our

coasts and oceans to is being further exhilarated by climate change i mean. the court. but we still hope to be able to reverse it or they will have better. the. ecosystems are just really diverse and dynamic. so maybe we will manage to see a major recuperate. just spite all the interference. and adapt to those changes that will feed. the homeless current home to boundless life is a cause of the sterile desert on the land beside it it seems like a paradox but the current cools the coast and keeps it dry while generating fog that passes overhead that's now proving to be a fantastic resource we meet the cloud catches of through.

thick early morning fog make sample crews happy. that the fog passes this way and the net catches at. the end that passes through but the tiny drops of water remain behind they gather at the bottom and pass down the tube to the tank. this water means life with this system with solving the water shortage problem in many places in much of look at this. he came up with the idea almost 2 decades ago he was studying engineering in lima at the time. there was a fence of plastic netting around his home one evening he noticed this phenomenon and realised it could be put to good use. but there were lots of drops gathered at the bottom of the net especially when the wind came from the east so i collected

them into traffic on the nets and fed the water into tanks the next morning the tanks were full of crystal clear water. carlos apart or gross oranges avocados and grapes. he's delighted to be able to do so in a region where there's no rain talking in southern peru. irrigates his cross with water captured from the clouds. and then you look at me it's foggy most of the time up on the mountain if we had 2 or 300 cloud catcher nets up there my neighbors and i would have a lot more water we would all benefit. from. almost the entire length of perris 2400 kilometer coast is doesn't. about 10000000 people a 3rd of the country's population don't have access to a secure supply of drinking water. or cloud catches has been senator out in the

does a near the town of. more than 100 families have said anything. and they need affordable clean water. if the thought up on the cloud captures the model here cost the equivalent of $70.00 to $90.00 euros each. a 20 square meter nets can yield as much as 200 liters of water a day. it makes watering the vegetable patch a fun job today. when mr goose could only mess i decided to stay. i had wanted to leave because my olive trees were all dried out then i saw the water and i changed my mind you mclaren.

now can read that i was proud of his olive harvest given that no burger was not abuse of the 1st we're going to eat them ourselves when we have more we'll sell them i mean you know. it's poverty and the dream of having one's own plots of land that drive people to move into the does it. during the focus they'll have access to water but what happens in summer from december to march when there's almost no fog the satellite is a planning a reservoir for folk water so they won't have to buy so much. even if you're back in talking on color supporters plot. about chris and colleagues from the peruvians without water project checking the direction of the wind to ensure the nets are in the right position cruz has given lectures that you.