via learn to mark the 80th anniversary of the start of world war 2 the polish president. will be joined by his german counterpart from my own as we wait for the ceremony to begin i'm joined in the studio by g.w. political correspondent emmanuel so many well let's talk about the significance of where we're going to be now why via lou and why this year well highly significance because you learn it was the 1st city to be attacked by the nazi germany in 1939 beginning world war 2 the attack took place in the very early hours in the morning between $435.00 to be precise and it lasted until 2 pm you say a lot of civilians were killed the 70 percent of the town was destroyed and that attack was actually led by a demand who had august rated the bombing of guernica in spain 2 years prior to the beginning of world war 2 so did the 1st significant battle of the batter that

started world war 2 and we have live pictures that we're looking at right now in a violent poland of the when there were terrorists every morning getting underway. maybe we were still the losses the whole not a whole the world just to go up if i mean she. thought she should be going to shut all the. thank you. thank you. thank you.

show us. the best and like us. you're looking at live pictures now coming to us from below in poland the 1st city that was attacked by nazi germany 80 years ago marking the beginning of world war 2 this is a special 80 year anniversary commemoration ceremony underway right now we will

hear from both the polish president. and the german president. really significant moment seeing these 2 leaders standing side by side when 80 years ago these 2 countries started a war really we have in our studio with us emmanuel shah's our political correspondent while we are watching this. let's talk about the time that has passed this is all now taking place against the backdrop of possibly one of the last major anniversaries when there will be any survivors or witnesses alive to see this ceremony exactly a huge significance for do so many you say to us probably the last the last time we're going to see the witnesses directly misses of world war 2 taking part of that ceremony of course it is so highly significant that a german president would attend such ceremonies of course there have been there have been landmarks between relations between opponent germany for example in 1970

video then chancellor of germany was a need in those in war so in country sion asking for forgiveness to do polls for the crimes of nazi germany and then in 2004. became the 1st german chancellor who took part in the warsaw uprising come immigration so so significant a moment but a very particular moment that we seeing now a very solemn moment where did german president. is here to commemorate. beginning of world war 2 the eighty's and the 1st 3 of the beginning of world war 2 and of course german polish really. sions have improved somewhat sense the beginning of the war but there are now big questions on the table and calls rising from the polish people we've heard reports of the question of reparations from germany to poland for the war crimes committed for the damages

done where do we stand on that issue right now because certainly it's a tricky one and a testy question the answer is very tricky indeed it has been brought back discussion table every single day just behind the scenes. of just how to listen to what's happening with the speeches now.

if you're just joining us we are watching a special commemoration happening in vienna the along the poland marking the 80th anniversary of the start of world war 2 when nazi germany attacked its neighbor poland we are joined in the studio by our political correspondent emmanuel shah's i mean we were talking about the state of german polish relations today and there's this big question still hanging over everything of reparations should germany paid

shouldn't pay how much if so 2 and at the basic level what do the polls want from germany now well as i was saying earlier in 2015 when the party and the injustice came to power days question was ways dickon came back to the discussion table germany should act soon in the new oh we're going to pause for a moment we are expecting the commemoration sirens to go off in a moment. plz

. if. i'm the 1st to call for a cigarette i'm going to take 1939 minutes 2 minutes. of the need to feel tim is there to slip. from a political diving you almost feel human 87 took off thinks it fairly easy this was the largest and the closest spanish town situated to the airfield it took them 30

minutes of flight time before 35 of the planes appeared in the sky so come to town it is a 2 for 14. the town was. no military units in the thomas neither for to occasions but it was here that the 1st squadron of of a $76.00 squadron of 4 for the hitler. started the 1st bombing campaign. but with world war 2 the town was sheltered with a separate all nazi doesn't suffer for bombs and the pilots had to know where they were talking civilian targets. and all the more given the fact that the hospital was bearing the red cross sign on its roof. but also. ladies and gentlemen please rise as every year at $440.00

we show here the sirens wailing commemorating the beginning of the bombing of the town. yes. but. let. let. but.

you know. i think all right yeah but what. thank you.

this is d. w. we are bringing you special coverage of the 80th anniversary commemoration of the beginning of world war 2 coming to you live from below in poland given that being the 1st sound of the german attacks in the early hours of the morning on september 1st 19 he and i and if we. have just heard the memory story so you were in a school he marked the same side over and the civilians of the town heard when they dive bombers attacked and this is now a photo presentation also marking at the devastation on the terror that was rained down upon the same civilians let's have a listen to the it'll. lead to eat.

sleep the ego he. who who the that. the for. if i am oh oh. please i am he who the to explode the ego

but the the over the who. some of you priceless and was only to. please be seated. good people because we have to watch them a brief present ation

a map page that shows a beginning of world war 2 ops we witness the flames of memory karats by the runners 30 pacific participants of the run running you from going to a gay should not fall from a pole or from well on the 1st of september 19th 39th determine what almost took off to attack a gathering the participants of their own. school pupils from school number one and the 2nd lyceum from below and also at the upper secondary school. pupils also students of for profit and all-star borkum and the participants of their own shells so. also share the flame from charlottesville virginia and other towns some so as to commemorate the victims so all of those took countess i would like to ask are they participants are all for the run from. towns to approach.

some of the beisel to moment jupiter the invisible president of the republic of poland and to the. german. federal president are approaching the students and a picture shall be taken with the participants of the run. please

. notice it's a tribute to the victim so for bombing for vienna on the 1st of september 1989 and minute of silence.

on the arms of potent and gemini.

oh. yes. yeah i would like to give the floor to.

the new status to get in school might not be a lot for a killer to start or start feeling and of the my own because somehow i thought it all for their old town affair lasted well i have the great. tool well come everyone got that this morning in following. the 80th anniversary of the outbreak of world war 2 i would like to interject in to welcome witnesses so for me to fail and in 1989 in fact. associated in effect council of veterans organizations at the county level. we're delighted to welcome the president of the republic of potent on trade with.

you but if he didn't get one does it will be. found but they're stunned by it and welcome to. the federal president much help us to not put up a like to welcome to speaker of the senate of the republic of poland. so much so i sort of welcome to the. speaker of senate and the house of any professor serving ski i would like to welcome to represent to do so for churches send religious organizations. i would like to welcome the members of the parliament. who would think i would like. it if i was to carson to general robert kwan. i would like to welcome to for the 2 of you which prefers speaking for how. much i would like to welcome marshall of the wood chipper

but chicago's schreiber obstacle most hands on in particular would like to welcome you all very new residents of fear and of the very land so many of you have a come to attend this ceremony. some of you by ladies and gentlemen so. in the history of the world there are places that are dates and there are events that shall always be remembered in the history of humankind there shall always stay in our what memory in the 1st of september 1039. beginning with 440 the genocide told rates of by look at fox changed to 85 percent of the stock was turned into roi and into rubble the hospital a church a synagogue and approximately 1200 residents defenseless sleeping without arms

died. those people. that. they have been inscribed in human history into our memories forever the great goal that was started by the 3rd reich started at the time. that was the time of trial for so many millions of innocent civilians the president also but that was the time of great heroism as we speak of heroism i have in mind the defenders of the stepdaughter peninsular who for 7 days fought against the enemy being in a hopeless situation they owe our respect we owe them our respect and memory and i'll admit aeration ladies and gentlemen on the 1st of september 1039 ve german occupier has taken away took away our independence and on the 17th of

september the soviet occupation did the same and both aggressors violated the borders of our country they destroyed our towns and villages more than 6000000 so far complexions died they never broke our spirit of freedom and dignity that spirit and also the years of post-war struggle led to the fact that free independent poland to was of reborn and on the ashes of those events a look beautiful town it was reborn we are proud of our history this is the town that is cognizant of its value this finally is the town industrious people who work and live and every day. they work hard to create the wealth of this land and you and this is how we pay debt to all those who died on the altar of our beloved motherland. presidents ladies and gentlemen. in the posts with more

periods of the development of polish german circulations was marked by 3 to itself the 1st is the 18th of november 1965 and the letter of polish bishops to german bishops and the quote from. that latter. with her kids and we ask for forgiveness another event that was the purser to pater by chance of a print page on the 7th of december 1972 or so and tribute he paid before the monument to all for the curious of the ghetto and was when the 30 pounds or so on the 12th of november 1918 i. during the holy mass celebrated search by our friend certain also and to also the transfer of the sign of peace between prime minister and us affairs. chancellor yes i believe it is that

the today's commemoration of the 80th anniversary of the outbreak of war 2 were the participation of for presidents. and president of. the president. will be yet another major step to the development of friends traditions between our nations just like their long developed a friend a relation so where are the other lips and hospitable and far to the german talents and the youth that we saw this morning are the examples of that they pay tribute to the memory of those who fell they round here from the field well from the airplanes took off i trust that this town this day. again now be inscribed in the curator of humanity but this time around as a symbol of reconsideration and of peace for many this is the town of peace and reconciliation that god bless both our nations thank you.

think we don't. believe it or sometimes i would like to give the floor then that's who the president of the republic of potent undried the time. bunchy different reasons. all the residents are feeling who remember. the tragic morning. on the 1st september 1959.

so i'm hoping that by your presidential debate with your accent and since federal president tim rice. speaker of the senate i still mean these throw via ministers. she got an excellent. chance at the school your excellence he's a ships of all denominations she goes. so not all noble members of parliament and senators the study will you go she just english guests. so i know you've said studies show that what's the point in the world reprise sensitive so it all for us all regional forty's the vocal john marshall oh sort of presented itself to count a little bit starters. and they had sort of smoko and regional councils. diamandis kinds. of you got the

presidents of all different counties presidents of different lines it's. the star you should be gushed all to cast. started yes it is an old town up if not they will use the us an attack on the dotted lee it was over to town on this we know from historical sources you were taken in 121286 maybe the problem is. your town rights was given in 1281 obvious to us soil has its own long long history already and in that history all this town. has. to a tragic macabre moments so he said $163011.00 of the stone was started to send. i don't know about the building so well

last 22 to start that they were all made of tin but it was a fire. and the fire engulfed it so i mean us that practically the entire top with the so the exceptional thing and it also was damaged but the consul survived just as a stalled would have on the town was rebuilt. by people. with age the scots people all know so that russia is one of those will to survive all the girls who live the will to return to and then 300 years later just in 1939 just the ocean resize lake 308 yes lyta. that's a lot of page that edition at $440.00. when no one expected that response i was sure this is when ryan said i'm going to argue. yes the destruction of the town

began that that was so tragic to that so i think that the prevention in the fact that all it precipitated it was the fact that 90 percent of the old town was gone and 75 percent of the town. was in rubble. 1200 people. rank and file civilians. were killed that most of us murder that. they did not expect that and in fact something. they could not possibly see so should you take it out in the neighbors from the west and alter what about the flight a lot of all of a sudden that he was saying the most mordant i mean some of the time using diving bonus. you. know she just

can't shut them the 7 beat to death at all it's over go to all that do it. yourself of the lived off of for more than a year as a time bomb and they did not expect that the ball must get you killed some time again not all of a sudden without your name on the town that didn't have any military not just of the town or they didn't have any military installations in the town that just provide those out and anyway it was not ready for any defense what subs. any defense and no one sort that they want bombing the hospital mocked with a rock actually cross is just in compliance with the convention and the principles . saying it hospital as many as 32 people died 26 patients started yelling for nurses and 2 nuns. i don't

know. who could possibly expect that this 2nd world war. would such a drastic activities are committed by a civilized nation after all i start of. one of the oldest nations in europe is not of the fact viewed by the nation with such grand history. such contribution to the european culture the nation. has so had so many faithful of the treasure who could possibly expect that. horrible it all. time was on the bleached it would begin with such doc the act they barbaric act. given don't think of is the act that it is sent in its citizens is not a war act it's an. attack a terror attack on regular people. and it was a special day for fear and it was

a friday and in the long history of a lot of fright it was the fed that day see how here on the made markets square we would see many people stop it and probably the finest from the villages have come on friday through town to sell their produce sent people sensed that the war was so coming that was mobilization that was the feeling here from the rest but no one could see that they defenseless town would be attacked in that way by dropping a false on the sleeping people who'd you see account of being opposed come here to the convent wear them because that outrage and it was an element of the book and life jacket that was on it wasn't just a typical polish town of the time lots a couple catholics lived. about that isn't supposed juiciest value that

they have lived here and to have a. because look it's a mixture of cultures is a mixture of customs and it was. vibrantly those cultures were intertwined with each other it was just a classical town of the 2nd republic and it was gone. is that about the disappeared it probably. eventually calmed down a moment that was the time i watched you something that particular time that was the moment. on the. in the morning the 1st of september 1039 so and the beginning of the end of the 2nd poetry public got rid of all. our cultural and ethnic cool. so ships goal neighborly. mix and a long history of all the stuff. that was present here and i mean. there's never

been like that late to rome and poland of the type has never repeated on the map as i was going here i've been thinking how many mothers at that time was welcomed in the morning to. crack quests and clothing for their children how many children little song they. just going to think about beginning. and to probably they were restless and could sleep because of going to school but not a minute it was just normal willetts minus you know just was sort of regular well that was destroyed said it was not saddam. against principle something in the violation of any principles are also principles rushnell and convention think a convention was filed late it's. actually. war crime well go to let it sit down with those that will cry about the story and say the person you know need to take that action because they're going to show what took

type of told me that just because i was a total of all of them with no principles war of destruction and in fact is that unfortunately this is. not saying come and so flipped off with training soldiers does say that it did. as you all flying it over the time you saw the enemy there are no people that you thought of those beans and no hewlett's they're not only full of notches oh yes if people are only i was soldiers that are advancing on the enemy not guys he started this is the historic trip through juan they've got to show you that i find it difficult to imagine today that. unfortunately says i still have got them but well i have to surmise that carter told to the clinically of the lesson of agin us and he's not so with that man to the last so it's all of tens of millions of lives all over the well to do young.

tens of millions civilians. die people defenseless people who are not fighting and i saw. that it was the largest in the history of the human kind so potent potent us that i totally destroyed or got lost $6000000.00 citizens and within that i 3 citizens of jewish origins are. in death camps in so many places thoughts was little governor of the 2nd world war. both also washed that devastated the world to me but yet we shall never forget about it because we are not allowed to not allow it to forget about it from day even when the eye witnesses will possibly a on at their kazakhstan not got it back even not when it's going to be only for eternity in the history books so awkward movies some pictures we cannot put cats

around today because of what happened to family and later on happened to many so many talents and paid into them to all over the world so that it is never repeated again. this is a great commitment. because it really meant about him. and that we pass on this memory to the friends subsequent generations i'm so grateful to the youth who think this sort of the youth have an opportunity to meet and talk to. us to remember because they are here with us. it is not respect a tribute at the best of friends and all. of the time who remember those days i think you know for telling the story to the. different opinion historical memory but she said great it was actually the case 3

as it was. said to remember even the most horrible history it was because only historical truth. may heal the wound. and the juxtaposition with that activity of. our company is that memory was taken since thank you for being here thank you for coming this morning so as to the watching to shout out she's upset that commemorates the 18th and 1st her but 1st and foremost to pay tribute to all those who will make it. to all of those who were killed that we said of to those so. that. they are buried to act by the horrible high khatam of well it will too. so know you by ladies and gentlemen i thought you just saw the 80th anniversary is

indeed a very special one. it is special guest i'm 2nd and. i am convinced on not say that it's well past it into think history of the friendship as the 4th month of a significant event together with us but i found it from the federal president of germany not from. is not me together with out. of a foot republic of germany stop it together with us we have the entire presidential delegation just launched your bicycle just tell us what do you think it is easy. to go to the ocean just on lots to a town that. was destroyed in the bust because the arctic fashion by the people see not all due from their own nation from previous generation

the generation of their fathers and grandfathers it's jimmy jeff i suppose do you think it is easy. to stand here and it's look into the eyes of the survivors to look into the eyes all over the children's and grandchildren of those who had died of something else on that outlook into the eyes of those who have been traumatized and were carrying the trauma throughout their lives. because then sure mr president. i thank you it's not the hall but for your presence and i thank you for your stance and i'll take your time looking at you. we're talking to each other and i see a man's book cordle's involve a man who has come here with humidity with his catch me now in town hall so i was

set to pay tribute to cage so as to bait all not. so as to share this pain. but. i'm just thankful for the residents. i think so because this is how i feel that it isn't just one of us what is most important for the residents is the following. so yes president you are here has thought of my motor on top of this is a form of moral compensation the fact that you are here and you mr president you are standing here the truth facing the truth but it's up through in a very difficult truth for germany which i was but did they object and seeing as upset south germans never watched you denied the truth and that is exactly why i know him is that because this fruit of the force of liberation much of this truth carries forgiveness this truth has set up off the strength of uniting us and of

developing and building friendship. as i thought you will and i would like to thank . you for your divine presence to day i would like to say. that. mr president and all to must run but as. the president asked me don exon just how do you think he says you have. such. it's all. going to. where should it be to commemorate to pick you didn't vote for wolf blitzer and i said mr president there are 2 places. to cater to the 2 places where the voice broke out which is the 1st to plot to play needs to . god just as was attacked. time ship and by german troops and the other places they're going. where there was

no fight so when you get something out of the place to go over and they drop bombs on the sleeping people. well john preserve it and i said mr president please choose because you are going to be a guest on this ceremony the president sent mr president. let's go to vietnam it does nothing but your statement with china this is why we are here together this morning. if you see any advice and believe me. i am convinced that it's easier to go to a place where soldiers halt because it is more difficult to out of both to a place where military dropped bombs on the. people in their sleep present mr president thank you for choosing this place and i'm thinking you for choosing this is because sites give

a stump speech here and your presence here with all the certainly noted by the mass media in germany. trying to change and the tragedy of the president. and the hold this knowledge should shelby transfer to all those who has no foundation in this will also hear about it and as far as i know not many germans speak about it here in germany and today vietnam will be won all for topics to talk about in germany and i would like to thank you for that because it takes important that the germans especially germany. it's not you but i've studied the true history. as it was so that we can draw a conclusion just this but i'm also happy to see the youth here from. towns from jungle chance. this is the great act of reconciliation

friendship and peace between the nations the youth. they are taking into school which changes and this. work is going on watch and i would like to thank you for their contribution into this work for friendship i would like to thank the men and mr president for supporting this work of youth ladies gentlemen that was why and who got time well the wall too was one prime cited on them and that was why by the frenzy of the struggle for. there it was a good night. by the ups and the magic imperial system. and it was a good night to disrespect to others. it was 2nd i think in that people all i saw people or not people want so they got their gaudy.

it was a can i touch it's the fault that was done and i don't belong to a different category that should be destroyed just like jews had to be destroyed or that other people had to be turned into the slaves. as it was not be the case with our own people but we survived. the it would be severe it due to the fact is that that we now have lacked the spirit and i believe that both are public of. the country not at this stage. she will show a severe to develop we will tell you about jim it by me and. also remember about our history remember the tragic moments of our case 3. remember on the both sides. this foundation will build friendships and security for the next decades and centuries to come built on this is not only for

ross that is for potent and germany but we're building not only for poles and germans were for other nations has well as. tragic history as we draw a conclusion that all. the carriers eternal memory to the fallen. in korea. thank you. thank. you. i don't i don't i don't. i don't want you.

they are. president. now. of feuds the same us out in. their feuds as in not so much a nice face and national heart that he even gets the members of parliament guests of honor and failed to give and on and above all on esteemed since of aidan. india as a student for office a job on this very hour 80 years ago. you know if you don't have all hell

rained down on the. fields by german racist barbarity down there to try and i really. thank you citizens of a new. right now i'm really getting to be with you here on this day of remembrance and commemoration and i thank you mr president dear. for inviting me. the bad the good sheesh the good touch those who have heard the stories who have seen the pictures who have seen the devastation the suffering and the death. that the german you attack brought to me during 80 years ago on this day biased us here all those inside know that the violence and destruction that began here. would spread over the next 60 years throughout

poland and all of europe. there fresh did this. equally aware that it is by no means a matter of course to ask a german federal president for you to stand here before you today. for you know and until you leave i stand before you survivors. descendants of the victims. and young. citizen of the us of angel you and i stand before you are in gratitude and in humility. you don't find what happened in vein a warning flare of a terrorist attack by the german. and the harbinger of all that would follow over the next 6 years. you know we call it war because of

fun because we lack a proper word to describe all the atrocities of those years and it's the we call it war theater and and frenzied and unbridled desire to annihilate. whites off the face of the earth more than just this city and its inhabitants and their history is not to be poisonous it was intended to eradicate this polish and european culture review to make way for the delusions of a criminal and his fanatic henchmen. yet on the attack on the had. been meeting the purpose of testing the capabilities of access that had been designed to make such destruction and cynicism of the

german attackers was found less. that acts. and the consequences of these acts were devastating for the inhabitants of the city of president thank you mr president you are quite right far too few germans today know of this place. this far too few know of these deeds. that time has come to commemorate what happened to us. and in many other cities cities and towns that were raised on the ground in the same way that german crimes in other places are commemorated such as those in ghana. and the time has come for us to find new and appropriate forms of remembrance of these crimes committed in poland here including in germany and in berlin. ladies

and gentleman. in. must be in our minds. and in our hearts. invade neighborly ties between and germany were destroyed with such a radical. and such incredible violence. that remembering it even today is still painful. these terrorist attacks are followed by destruction humiliation needed to go persecution and torture. and murder of 1000000 most citizens and of polish and european jews signs it is rest assured that there is not a single german who is not moved. when they reflect on this trail of barbarism this also holds true for those who reject these memories of the feel such

a strong. sense of shame that they seek to escape into denial and aggression you know what your own man could. do and what i saw. at auschwitz other places where the show took place without feeling shame. as it was german born i meant who committed these crimes against humanity in poland that's not anyone calling them things of the past. claiming that they are not so not atrocious the root of the terror of the national socialists in europe was a mere footnote of german history. anyone who says such things is passing judgment on themselves. and. what occurred there will never be a thing of the past it is in

a skate above about it so much fun so thrown on to anyone who is born a german must engage with german destiny and german guilt thoughts or do so i quote from anyone referring to german history must also grapple with this statement by thomas mann. if i go on and i thought you meant what took place then will never be a thing of the past as. you know and it's well our responsibility to be a thing of the past and we know that for germany strider president let me assure you i guess that we will not forget we want to remember and we will remember and i will bear the responsibility that our history imposes on us. for then off. victims of these type. of. before the polish victims of german tyranny. and i ask for your

forgiveness. thank. you you know me i thought you had an advantage. of me. i mean. don't you. see it but. you. thanks . for now ladies and gentlemen for poland resisted this infamous attempt to wipe gets off the map it rose up again. through its own efforts hurting from the rubble of war and from the bondage it has become a free poland in

a free europe. not an east because its citizens never lost sight of their goal. if opposite our father tells us. that this is europe me those says chest. on sunny days you can see it clearly still smoking after the storms and floods got me off the water's. gone from being in poland has never stopped being part of this year that me last speaks island was and remains a country at the heart of europe. germany will always be grateful to have taken back into the fold as a european nation after all that germans had inflicted on the people of vietnam and on millions of others on our continent.

germany will always be grateful for how the poles fought for freedom in eyes and for how they tore down the curtain in the ins and prepared the ground for a united europe. and as we cannot undo the injustice and suffering that was inflicted back then worn out dogs and we cannot make a tally and yet poland has offered germany the hand of reconciliation is it in spite of everything so do you that we are profoundly grateful for the hand they have extended. for poland willingness. to walk with us down the path to find them reconsideration if their friends are not the path of reconsideration has to lead to a common and united you know. that was founded on the spear. it of resisting violence and racist doctrines as well as totalitarianism interiorly

and on the spirit of freedom democracy and the rule of law i know. them guys founded on the spirit of poland i believe you guys one good germans want this spirit guide as we want to preserve this path we conciliation if i mean it's good enough we want to be good neighbors of poles and and continue to get this path. thank you jane clear. thank you jacqui. thank. you. if you're just joining us this is d.w.

news we're bringing you special coverage of the commemoration of the beginning of world war 2 coming to you live from below and call and we're just showing everybody from of the president of germany found out. just before him and the polish president will. do a dusk couple of recoveries go up with me in the studio now as our political correspondent emmanuel stance is fun to go those are 2 very strong horse 4 speeches for a very evocative language that we just heard give me your 1st impressions of 2 very moving speech is 2 very strong speeches or said it 1st polish president do that he spoke at length about the plight of the pows and or denies the rules denies the rule and he also say that the world learned a terrible lesson with world war 2 he saved him for size the need to remember

what happened here he say it was probably the last time the last years we would have. to to have a 1st hand accounts with witnesses directly mrs off the of the war he also evoked a polish german friendship but he used quite a strong language quite an accusatory. tone especially when he said you think it's easy to look into the eyes of the victims or. he evoked the visit of. time by as a form of moral compass sation so he raises the question of a compensation he said that the german president was standing in the truth that the germans were standing in the truth and those of president emphasized the need for the youth of today to be informed on what happened 8 years ago absolutely a lot of big questions. rod up to date let's start with talking about that memory

that question of what the youth see now looking back at world war 2 because for someone of our generation of people younger than us this is this is history it's so easy to forget that these people at least some of them are still alive this is still very present for them what does someone who is our age looking back at something like this at a commemoration ceremony for something took place 80 years ago what relationships do they have to this well unless you've experienced it firsthand oh you listen to you. grandparents talking about it it's quite difficult to imagine what was the plight of not only depose but of people around the world during that conflict it's quite difficult to to imagine that so those ceremonies are crucial for the work of remembrance that it's a duty for all nations to to remember that and to show to younger generations what happened and we have documents like the nazi crimes were well documented at the

time and it is the duty of each government to actually bring that forward and to continue to set a to come right what happened and there's this big question hanging over german polish relations in general busy right now of compensation of reparations we heard the president mention the moral compensation that. was standing and let's take a listen to that sound bites what is most important for the residence was the following. yes president you i hear this thought of my more on top of this as a form of moral compensation the fact that you are here and you mr president you are standing here in the truth facing the truth but it's up through in a very difficult truth for germany which i was but they object and seeing as upsets out germans never watched you denied the truth and that is exactly what by the way

him mr president because this proves the force of liberation this truth carries forgiveness this truth has set up off the strength of uniting us and of developing and building friendship. so moral compensation building friendship began but the words that weren't said were financial compensation which is something that there's been increasing calls for in recent days weeks months where do where do we stand on this because this is such a tricky question for a bull poles and for germans it's acted out to of course diverging positions on the one hand you have the poles and the polish government who are actually asking for reparations so for germany to pay for did damage it caused during the war destruction and the damage it caused during the war and it has been evaluated that germany would would go all together worldwide around $7.00 trillion. euros so that's that's huge and i would be according to the

polish government 850000000000 euros and on the other side on the other hand we have germany who say that we say that poland will increase to those claims in 1953 so 2 different positions that is still not sorted and then there's a not to debate so if not a financial compensation and if not reparation what are we talking about are we talking about memorials on top of those ceremonies and a memory a question is also tricky in itself because in both in for example you have in a memorial for the holocaust you have a memorial for dissenting and roma victims of a will to fight the soviet soldiers for the homosexuals you have the same for the pows but if we start acting i mean more nation other nations will come forward and that's exactly what germany could actually fear so what in that case if it's too politically tricky to put up some sort of memorial even if poland did suffer the

greatest losses by percentage for any country in world war 2 if it's too financially insurmountable to actually pay back everything edge. many o's to all these countries what could germany do if we're talking about improving relations with poland improving relations with russia improving relations with all of the other countries who are caught up in this conflict i think indeed it's quite a tricky question and there's no easy answer it's. sort of and i want to highlight that germany has done a huge work of remembrance of more than any other country because it committed oh so the biggest crime of course was the. world war 2 is initiating world war 2 it was the holocaust no easy answer of the memorial's pressie and the ripper ations per se are discussed by government is not something completely out of the question but if germany faces that question for poland it will have to face it for greece it will have to face for ukraine and for chica slovak halfrek samples so it's

a really tricky question to answer for the german come early not an answer that's coming anytime soon no one thing that really struck me about these 2 speeches was sort of their contrast in tones the polish president came out really forcefully using language and words like barbarism. you know painting this picture of a normal day disrupted and made terrible by these bombs falling from the sky and then. coming in with a much more reconciliatory tone one that was much more apologetic talking about the juror the racist barbarity of the germans let's take a listen to a little bit of what she had to say. zines you give this kind of rest assured that there is not a single german who is not moved. when they reflect on this trail of barbarism this also holds true for those who rejects these memories to feel such a strong sense of shame that they seek to escape into denial and aggression and you

know what german could re doing. at auschwitz other places where the show took place without feeling shame. as it was german born i meant that who committed these crimes against humanity in poland that's why anyone calling them things of the past. claiming that they are not so not atrocious run of the terror of the national socialists in europe was in the foot notes of german history. anyone who says such things is passing judgement on themselves. this seemed to be a very clear message that steinmeyer was sending to certain stripes of the german political world right now where we now have this unfortunate real arising of

holocaust denial of downplaying the atrocities of world war 2 sons were talking about bringing the remember ends of world war 2 forward of the holocaust forward let's talk about germany's culture of remember and germany has been. lauded in many parts for the way it has dealt with its past what do you think other countries could learn from germany is a path forward on memorializing what happened in world war 2 definitely make their participation to the war and their contribution to the rise of nazi germany and visit for example we're talking about the invasion of poland by germany poland how did the alliance was friends and. was the u.k. and none of those countries actually did anything to have poland in that situation so if other countries were straight forward as germany when they faced actively there pre war and them during the war that could be

a 1st step and of course of course also making a memory and making memory more visible with for example opening up some archives setting up new memorial that's those are small steps but those are significant steps that should be taken before the last witnesses direct witnesses disappear not on the turn of those 2 speeches i'd like to go back to that of course there was one that was more conciliatory those were the words of the german president want to be more accusatory and perhaps rightly so as well i mean if not today when for the polish president but that being sayed no words will ever be strong enough to. make up for the crimes of nazi germany's all to condemn nazi germany and go. both presidents spoke about terrorist attack and they said that war was too weak a word to you to describe what happened between 19391945

so they both called for new and appropriate form of when membranes and it goes cold for a day used to be informed i think that's the main message and that's absolutely and if you're just joining us we're bringing you special coverage of the ceremonies taking place in the town of the loon as we reported earlier the learner's one of the 1st targets of the invading german forces marking the beginning of world war 2 more than $1200.00 civilians died when german planes bound bombed the town in the early hours of september the 1st 1939 did have you met with survivors of the german attack on the moon on the 80th anniversary of this attack let's hear what they had to say. remembers it like it was yesterday when the germans detect poland she was 11 years old about the program called mom who told me we can get up we need to get out i was in bad in my nightgown and i suddenly heard a loud drawing sound in the ceiling started to crack and the windows were blown out

our bedrooms were located close to where the 1st bombs were dropped after the bomb it was the 1st of several waves of attacks and by german looked off the dice bombed us a war crime. is a few. only a few photos that her father carried with them 1st as a social in the polish army. as a prisoner of war. this one reads sunday 939 germany. i think if you all the time. the bombing also had dramatic consequences for the survivors loss dr manion could by chick was 5 when the war began later as an adult he examined the survivors for long term psychological effects. many had ailments

and more on able to work because of the trauma of the raid. after the war the suffering of valence citizens was not addressed by the communist government for the 80th anniversary of the outbreak of world war 2. the city museum is opening a new larger exhibition. on the people in poland the government and especially historians both polish i'm german veiling more and more details about the tragedy of ilan. mali and by cheek hopes for reconciliation between poets and germans. today germans are completely different people than they were back then that poles are different. sophia hutchins' goes no 91 years old she still

has trouble dealing with the past. that when you ask the germans about it they say that wasn't us it was the nazis but what did the nazis come from from germany and if you ask me whether or not i can forgive well no i'm trying but i don't trust the germans. what if this were to happen here all over again. 80 years after the start of world war 2 many poles feel that the air raid on and germany's attack on their country has not been suitably dealt with in german polish relations. so as we were saying money well the big questions still hold hanging over german polish relations talk about a little bit about what sort of importance these kind of ceremonies hold for polish people because they were the 1st victims of nazi germany emmott of victims and they

often feel left out because when you think about the crimes committed by nazi germany the easy. comes to mind would be the holocaust and indeed that's. a huge climb but the pose themselves were victims often ninety's and outside of poland and this is not really remembered so such ceremonies attended by by a significant head of state so that's something very important focus on and it's also very important in fact for european coherence because. the climate of euro skepticism us so stems from world war 2 we have to keep in mind europe was actually created it is so as to avoid a 3rd world war and to bring cohesion within europe so if one country feels left out and feels that it hasn't been listened to that it hasn't received compensation . and is a problem for europe altogether for all countries in europe so those kinds of

statements are very important in that regard the and at this ceremony. really felt like a significant milestone as we get further and further away from when world war 2 ended it's the 80th anniversary of when things started there were 15 eyewitnesses in that audience and that number is going to continue to decrease and this is really possibly the last time that we're going to see these people at one of these major major commemorations what does that mean. to say and those so it happens at a time where you mentioned it earlier this the rise of populism in europe in general and also in poland i mean we have a populous government. in charge and oh so. so this a lot of worries in germany we have impending elections today actually where of the far right could fan very well in the states regions off jam and in those are big where is that the populist europe that actually saw the birth of nazi germany

is spock. it's interesting that you mention that just because all of these countries were so deeply affected by world war 2 and now we see this rise in right wing nationalism again in so many places in poland and hungary and italy even here in germany all of these parties in one way or another use the imagery of world war 2 of the nazis to invoke themselves in one way or another as the good guys that they survived this that they overcame this that they fought this how is the myth those of world war 2 playing into today's politics and how do we think this is going to change as we move forward as we unfortunately see more and more of these eyewitnesses and these survivors pass away i think it's very difficult to address that today because we we have that this course was that good on the one hand and the people on the other but each each country has its own narrative for world war 2

and nothing is all white or all dark and but that's really difficult to address and when for example like poland you feel that you have been betrayed by france and the u.k. before the war then you've been invaded by the soviet union on the one side and by germany on the other how how easy or difficult is it to then build an identity a strong identity and how easy is it is it to actually be open to the other powers in europe trying to impose their own will without necessarily listening to to the press collaborative of its country and it's quite tricky absolutely a problem that carries forward to today. you are watching special coverage of the ceremonies marking the 80th anniversary of the start of world war 2 thank you so much for watching and joining us tonight we will leave you with these images and sounds of the beginning of the ceremonies marking the exact moment that nazi german troops launched the attack on poland i must waiter and berlin thank you so much for

joining us. james show us a. it

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