to detention center. hello welcome to eco india a sustainability magazine that trains the spotlight on solutions to some of the most pressing problems in the world today and introduces you to change make us who are making this possible i'm sunk that i'm home coming to you from mumbai in india . ahead of the szell refugee women in the dandy a working towards creating a plastic free world. a peek into a matriarchal community in indonesia sumatra. and how the city of athens is preparing itself against the impact of climate change. first a heartwarming story a group of undergraduate students in delhi is working with of gandhi women who are

deaf eugene's in india to make meets bones and both that and to but most of the 11000 of gandhi refugees in india live in delhi project but the idea is not only giving these women a source of livelihood but also helping create a society with less aplastic. in. the desert but beamish honeyed and as the on 30 the old lady on their way to work. the 2 women are of gone refugees. rhenish arrived in the indian capital is dead in 5 years ago with her husband unfortunately her husband is unemployed she is the breadwinner it's a job to produce a debilitating marie. time while founded we. happy life in

afghanistan. until war broke out there and bombs were falling up and. my husband and children's lives were in danger. that spencer decided to come here. british work for the project. the students from delhi's korea set of the initiative with the help of the you see the united nations refugee agency. is basically an amalgamation of both sanskrit word spot through and through basically means your pencils and something that you can eat being at will your dances so when restarted are the project we would looking for all communities who require that intervention are socially as well as economy slid backwards and really really hit the bull's eye

when we met with axis and geo and got in touch with the un and see out of the of gondor. many of gone refugees live in the book district of southern delhi including british she earns about $1500.00 rupees a month roughly equivalent to going to do us dollars. this work is you. don't know about the concept of edible cutlery yet. that's why even though i have been working here for the last 3 years the money is not grabbed and we get paid only even i get sent to the failure it's good that we are doing because we are trying to replace plastic. heating in eating from plastic utensils which can cause a lot of. you then replace that with bows made of for example it is a great thing. not just up. but also for the environment.

the basic recipe includes white flour rice and of a protein some of the bones. flip off the production the kitchen has to be used within 15 days what isn't used can be bad to add to bill utensils decompose within just 2 weeks. to make him 1st we make the dew and put it into the machine then we ship it and put it into the oven to be baked finally we clean it properly before it's meat waiting for some. experienced groups have had a hand in developing the formula for. the food safety of the project has been offer should be approved by indian the code base. biggest principle that it's trying to work on is that i do catering the was a single use plastic and it is an avid in fact that plastic is taking over the void

and it's high time that you stop talking and start doing and then when you're going to go out in the market and tell people they're mostly. going to plastic what do you say so. a lot of potential in that idea so we've been pursuing that. the world for years to be drowning in plastic waste in india online delivery services also generate $22000.00 tonnes of it every single month. the students have enlisted professional help from the food industry to ensure they can compete with conventional packaging. even we started out we had a little problems going out there because it was a very new concept of the people but often successful miscreation seminars and. people like to be this events and in various colleges we were able. year to

sustainable demand for the product. at 1st there were language barriers interest had to grow to be an issue in asean have already achieved a lot after learning to manufacture the your pencils they're now turning their hand to sales. both in. we have also gone to install this couple of times to sell before. the team makes all the arrangements and we have. one ball fetches us 100 people. we also get a share of profits then desolate. by the big. 10 mins india vandeman was one of the most challenging aspect. it was difficult for them to open up was because they're in a completely different voice completely different country with no identity but then with o.e. various sessions with the community where we've taught them dead language how

little fun knowing their language is and with the exchange of cultures you finally able to do. among projects 1st customers is discovery in greater noida it orders between $250.00 to $300.00 bowls every month they're mainly used to serve ice cream it is a stock. now we've all seen that heart wrenching image of marine conservation is pulling out lumps of plastic bags from the sea to but have you wonder what happens to heavier plastics like spoons for example but they end up in a landfill let's find out. if you've ordered delivery for today it might reach you with a non edible staple disposable plastic spoons. an estimated 79 percent of single use items designed for immediate disposal accumulate in landfills for our left as litter around us. 200. stand the environmental impact of the single use

plastic spoons we need to examine their journey from design to disposal. what does the lifecycle of a plastic spoon look like fossil fuels are extracted with drilling rigs then refined often causing pollution and harming local communities and biodiversity. these materials are then transported to a factory where they go through a chemical process known as polymerization producing small pellets of plastic called nergal's. the pellets are then shipped to another factory where the spoons are manufactured after which they're shipped off once again this time to distribution centers where consumers purchase them. but even before it's been used the spoon has already done irreparable damage to the environment spills and negligent transportation lead to not alls ending up at sea and eventually in the

food on our plates at the same time inefficient supply chain management means more fossil fuels are burned and more carbon dioxide finds its way to the atmosphere and that's not all just 9 percent of all the plastic that's been produced since 950 has been recycled. consumers typically only use plastic spoons once. after that they become a solid waste that finds its way to landfills oceans or incinerators. since the plastic isn't biodegradable it can remain in the environment for hundreds of years we need to avoid plastic waste in the 1st place and improve the recycling system. having seen that the 1st question that pops in my head is is that a way to avoid plastic use altogether one of my close friends who tried to replace plastic in her day to day life tells me they're just possible but not easy to

design as in germany you seem to have found the solution after much trial and error they have bio plastic sheets and bags made of which can be put into a compost heap once you're done with it and that's it well let's take. that decomposes after it's used. that dissipates without causing any damage to the environment. researchers and designers around the world are trying to realize this vision. among them a product designers katia instance ava's. the trigger for that work is the amount of trash that they themselves produce. when. the couple have long been aware of the issue. but despite their best efforts they're aware that avoiding packaging

altogether is still extremely tricky. for about 15 years ago we were standing in our pantry wondering why a 3 person household generates a bag full of plastic waste each week. even though we're very careful this is. every day food items cooked meats cheese coffee and tea it all has to be packaged partly 2 years ago there's a vis started producing compatible film and bags made from cellulose from which waste which decompose when they come into contact with bacteria in the soil in france italy and switzerland you can put them in the organic waste bin. indictment of my germany this isn't possible at the moment we're working to provide evidence that our film decomposes brilliantly in industrial composting facilities and together with waste management companies we're also striving to find a solution to the problem of how these materials community in sorting plants so

that they can be turned into compost in germany to. another challenge is coming up with packaging that seals in a roma for half a year now spend savers has been working on a multi-layered composite of all coffee packets just like a plastic packet coated with our menu it protects aroma and keeps the coffee from going stale the new product is currently undergoing laboratory testing. well you know. what every foodstuff comes with its own challenges not serfaty cheeses bioactive coffee is aroma sensitive so every product has its own characteristics and they have to be tested i can't make any assumptions that's the challenge you have to try everything out and that takes time and it takes money because it's a course material. but the savers have already won over many customers for their single layer cellulose foam for example vegetable supply is like sun mom. the

organic farm packs its way as an open crates the heads of lettuce and other salad greens will to if they aren't covered monica's son months which to box made of composite a bill from 6 months ago as the german waste disposal system doesn't cater for them some mom has come up with an interim solution. that customers can definitely return these bags to us and we'll compost them not all of our customers have compost heaps or a composting bin but they can bring them back to us compost wanted us to have to supply. the vegetable delivery farm would also like to avoid using conventional plastic for their potted habs but because the thin film used for the leafy greens would come into contact with soil and the pots it would start decomposing too quickly causing it to rip too easily. zavis have developed a new film for the application it takes twice as long to come past due the new film

decomposes in 12 to 15 weeks in industrial facilities and in natural conditions it takes longer to break down the new regional cellulose film so it can come into contact with soil a moisture we can package plants with it without it breaking down straight away. avoiding packaging altogether is unrealistic in today's global food industry but there are more and more alternatives to conventional petroleum based plastic film. box. shifting focus now indonesia is home to the voice of largest me think of the mean unc about people here property family name and land boss is gone from the mother to the daughter just like in matriarchal communities in law for example hakim visited vesta and sumatra with 4200000 meanings continue to live in practice a centuries old tradition. she's the boss.

so is she. and so is she. among the mean and kaberle people of sumatra the women are in charge but. what. about women are strong because in our tradition and culture they hold a strategic position but now while the leaders the moral guardians that the pillars on the foundation for the women have thora to. what makes this matriarchy even more unusual is that it's in a country where the majority of the population is muslim and the power of the women hold isn't just symbolic unlike most traditional communities around the world less sons inherit from their fathers here it all goes to the women are born. it's the woman who owns everything. she owns the house the property the fish

poems the rice fields. everything to. advise me to sit on my thumb at the bottom one. is one of 2 and a half 1000000 women and she lives on the island of sumatra where she produces the most expensive coffee in the world cup you are also the coffee beans come from coffee cherries that have been eaten in definition by the asian palm civet it's a highly specialized product and popular all over the world. so i also bought another yeah i actually started this business on my own without help from anyone not the government or anybody else so. i started my separate coffee production from 0. to accept of the me.

i just thought if other people can do it why can't i. that's my motto that's why i've survived in the civic coffee business to this day. of business. it's typically dominated by men. who is the only daughter in the family so she inherited the house and fields she employs farmers from all over the region and determines the prices herself passed down from one generation of women to the next the 1st land of western sumatra has been a source of wealth for the people for centuries. langholm young so i think there's a lot to learn from our women. from their self-reliance. from the respect for other women. and from their independence.

when mean and care about couples marry the man moves into the wife's house and what's in her feels most men come from other families in other villages opinion about inheritance is divided. and i haven't really thought about marriage yet. that's still a long way off from a. little i'm going to say i might. but i think we should respect the traditions inheritance should go to the daughter of one. and be to seattle and i think he has a good looking man should be leaders they should be a man. but in our culture it's the women who have the privilege and that's not right if you. can get a religion says it should be the men who lead because women need to be protected

that's their privilege of you know what i think the market is doing that's the way it should be i'm not the only person with this opinion you can see out of there. we're getting gutfeld. i often get into conflict about this with my family. you're going to be all and there's a woman in my family who says men have no rights. young it's not that man have no rights we have duties it's just the inheritance that only goes to the woman what. they mean and care about certainly safe from the threat of male dominance the women are in control they have economic power and authority because of what they own.

that's remained on what about a person dreams of having a daughter. i gave birth to 3 sons are. now in india extreme heatwaves during the summer months have huge step with cautions there's a loss of life in many of the genes in the country climate change is not a myth anymore and is not exclusive to only some parts of the planet pick atoms for example the city has to deal with drastic shifts between extreme drought and hiv aids the new idea stablished office for resilience and sustainability is stoss with looking out for nature based solutions to make athens climate resilient let's take a look at how it's going so far. the renowned athens acropolis seen from the top of nearby mount like a better us for athenians like

a better us is even more important nowadays because it still has traces of woodland 80 percent of the metropolis is a densely built cauldron of cement with summer temperatures easily hit 38 degrees celsius climate change is also aggravating conditions in the drought plagued arid landscape linear mirah valleys had enough their rising heat and a long period of heatwave creates drought and we have problems because also we do have. a different type of rains these days also due to climate change we have shorter periods of time that we have enormous amount of water coming down in a very short period of time so this creates flooding and flooding creates erosion so we have this double phenomenon of dryness and a lot of water which also depletes the land and creates land there over 3 years ago 40 percent of the area's annual rainfall gushed down here in only 5

hours and washed away most of the topsoil. athens is one of the european cities most at risk from drought and farce fires the deforestation of the slopes of mount like a bit as has disrupted the area's microclimate as well the downpours of recent years turned roads into white water taunts now athens is responding we're replacing all the asphalt of the road that goes up and down the hill which is a proximately 3 kilometers taking it off and putting a special type of material that this water permeable water is a key element when it comes to cooling athens down that's why the head of the city's waterworks is showing a rare antiquity the final stretch of a fully functional aqueduct dating back to the you 125 it channels 5000000 tonnes of water a year which until now simply drained. unused into the at and sue is we tried as a duck to use it in the 80s but the quality of the water then was not that great

so now that we have a very good serious system we can speak again about using the water of the hydrants arca not for drinking but for other non-portable uses like for example watering plants irrigation also washing roads or washing. waste bins so these are things that we right now often use drink of the water to do things that is actually a great waste the aqueduct is still intact here because it runs underground for 20 kilometers it's unique in europe groundwater trickles into it along its entire length which can be accessed at over $200.00 locations downstream the national guards in athens is not only in a way says of retreat from the hot city's bustle it's also important for the local

climate the aqueduct is already irrigating the gardens that in turn cools the surrounding area. the national garden has just launched a project aimed at cataloguing its entire inventory all 7000 trees and 5000 bushes with photos latin names and trunk sizes. sensors will also record temperature and humidity. the project's findings will be transposed across all of athens. it will help to improve care of watering of trees pruning and to replace city plant stocks we have about $90000.00 trees in the street lines and we want to have for each one of them they there regarding their health their height and what kind of eco systemic services it gives the city syntagma square with the greek parliament sits is the beginning of one of athens main shopping for

a finance warshel will also play a key role in combating heat linney amenability is having 16 water fountains installed. you need say you need to cool areas to get them protection then you need water then you need to have public water fountain. so that people can drink water. water and woodlands to cool baking cities in athens and around the world. i hope you had many day careers from today is sure we'll be back next week with many more such stories to help you make an informed choice for a sustainable future until then good bye.

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