you ations. all right here's a quick reminder at the top story we're following for you a long awaited exchange of prisoners between russia and ukraine is under way now this could be a significant step towards easing relations between the countries and raising chances resulting the conflict in ukraine's east. means life from the land thanks so much for watching and we'll see at the top of the hour. where i come from we have to fight for a free press and was born and raised in a military dictatorship with just one t.v. shadow and if your newspapers when official information as a journalist i have worked on the streets of many candidates and their problems are always the same forward to social inequality a lack of the freedom of the press. corruption who can afford to stay silent when

it comes to the fans of the humans and see them live through fools who have decided to put their trust in us. my name is jenny paris and i work. sexism homophobia and political extremism score hits on you tube even though the site has plenty of high quality content it's the extreme videos that attract audiences and to a big profits for the channel owners and for the site itself why does it make money on you tube and what does that mean for the user our topic today on shift. huge recommendation algorithms favor polarizing content and that tends to. adek

allies uses conservatives for instance increasingly steered toward right wing extremist channels as a brazilian study has shown $79000000.00 comments were analyzed for it it seems about time that you tube takes action so as an evil diski see all the website has announced changes to the community guidelines you tube is promising to remove condon that violates you tube's policies faster give trustworthy sources a bigger voice reduce the spread of content that's borderline rule breaking and raise the standards for monetize asian. big words sounds good but will it work in practice not everyone thinks it will. american video journalist carlos massa has criticized you tube for not standing up for minorities he endured continuous homophobic and racist abuse from another you tube or stephen crowder widely seen as a far right commentators. by the way they did not. appear to pick up anything

but you tube says videos like this are protected by freedom of speech after widespread protests from the l.g.b. t.q. community the video sharing site decided to d. monetize steven crowder's videos that means no advertising can be run together with these videos meanwhile the public dispute had only increased the u. tubers notoriety and his number of subscribers. far right and extremist channels often enjoyed great success and used to the more extreme the more comments . this has been shown in a study by brazilian computer scientist manuel ribeiro. the leader of austria's identity movement martin is active on you tube among his political weapons are trolling and hate speech heckling and abusing other web users.

i think these are normal tactics hate and trolling up part of his base and if you can't handle it you shouldn't even enter it takes almost. august 2900 youtube attempted to play and martin and other right wing extremist channels from its site but with little success as. they see a lawyer on the case and the next day his channel was back on line other you tubers post their banned videos on other channels or simply wait for their fans to reproach them. it can be a rough place where trolls and haters can poison the atmosphere with impunity radical cons and may be taken down but other users only put it up again right away and people who can't stand the heat may have only one option to leave their accounts but does it have to come to that abuse and huge you can hit very hard and it can hit any user as the example of brendan gilmore from the us shows he received

death threats after conspiracy theories about him started circulating online this living you know sort of with the constant threat of what you know of these these threats that i've received it just changes you psychologically you know you're kind of sort of constantly looking over your shoulder. the former u.s. foreign service officer was present at the protests in charlottesville in 2017 when a man drove a car into a crowd of demonstrators. they were protesting against a march by right wing extremists. brennan gilmore called the attack on video it cost a young woman her life but when i saw what i had on video i gave it to the police 1st but when i saw it was not accidental it was not an accident it was clear show you know that this guy had a 1000000 other choices drive through this crowd and so i thought that it was

important to share for those reasons and so i sent it out soon far right websites began claiming gilmore had staged the bloodshed some said he was part of a shadow government out to topple president trump with cia support this conspiracy theory spread like wildfire landing on the right wing hard line in for wars page. i think it's like reading your they hate campaign rapidly infiltrated his real life to this day he receives death threats by e-mail burning to war you are directly involved you are sick sick sick. hash tag down with the deep state here's one burning gilmore's body found in the ravana river there are many rivers a half mile down the road so you know they're quite specific in the threats brandon gilmore has decided to fight and he's filed suit against the well known right wing conspiracy theory peddler alex jones and his kin for wars website. now in 4

wars and alex jones no longer have their own channels on you tube. it seems the site is at least trying and is moving faster to remove content that violates the community guidelines still you tube continues to favor extreme use the more controversial the video the more lucrative that's how the youtube algorithm sees it as law helps to create the algorithm so he knows it inside out. french computer scientist left in 2013 he says the algorithms that spell you tube 6 asaad g.p.s. at best the use of d. printing and reason which is not to show interventions that process billions of user sessions will see which media is are going to be the most likely to keep people in the names of the years. to keep him is a watch time it's the product of hits to 2 sticks and average running times to get

that with the time you need to spend on the cheap the longer uses stay on the website the better for you cheap that's the company run the ads which then add up to lots of money. the videos that have proven most effective out those with polarizing and extreme and recommendation algorithms play that. it's like a vicious circle you just watch one because you're all your curious on the negras and we recommend it again and again choose ruled the world homosexuality is a. disease and refugees rape women and steal jobs wild theories like these are hugely popular on you tube because an algorithm gives them greater exposure but why exactly are we so receptive to videos like these why do we click on this kind of nonsense and help it to spread. all of our creating is a professor of communications science at the university of mines and an expert on media innovations he explains what goes on in our heads when we spend time on you

tube we're going. to react faster to dangerous threats and insults than to harm a stimuli no standard response is not a neutral but very emotional. when i read hatred and provocations on the internet for example even after all the research i've done on it i can't control myself it affects me immediately. as much. more watch time more hits and more comments it's really not surprising that you tube favors extreme content the perceived anonymity of the internet also makes it easier for users to overcome their inhibitions and say things they would never say to someone face to face in the kids' media when i talk to you here and see your response but with an abstract entity online that's no longer the case they lose part of their humanity and a big problem is that we've learned we don't have to worry about being prosecuted

even if we spread hate. when we have. the you tube algorithm appeals to our lowest instincts with content we react to emotionally and spontaneously but does this fully explain the extremist tendencies in you tube the algorithms are primarily designed to increase revenues and watch time of course companies are supposed to earn money but at the expense of ethics and anyway how would programmers go about creating ethical algorithms. rhythms are programmed by human beings humans whose prejudices and opinions flow into the programming so algorithms can never be perfectly neutral they always need ethical guidelines the rayna how much policy founded a nonprofit organization called the ethical tech society to focus. search on the ethics of algorithms. and see if that other rhythms can't be programmed to be

ethical. but many of the methods we use asserted pendent on data it's the data that shapes the algorithms or the program in the course of this program meet the standard so the program has set up the scouser and we provide the meat and the muscle. so the users actually provide the algorithms with the necessary data through their browsing habits but how is this data evaluated. the arena is demanding that the inner workings of the algorithms be opened for evaluation and regularly inspected. the youtube algorithms prioritize watch time and advertising revenues many people only watch videos that are recommended to them this is just what you tube likes to see the center this is the spare not interested in quality their interest is primarily monetary keeping users on the site so they'll watch as much as possible and this is and that's not necessarily policy that does that quality doesn't always have an emotional reaction. but emotion is

a decisive factor in you tube's business model many users see count videos that. well researched facts are not the highest priority. if you to work purely on entertainment side such issues would not be as serious. but it's established as a primary source of information for society. as a fantasist nepali to say and so it's a political decision by the owner google as a corporation. since it's optimized for monetize ation way and not for quality it needs it. so youtube is all about watch time digital ethics can only become a factor if you tube and other companies make fundamental changes to their websites and they're reluctant because the current business model is working all too well so questionable content will keep on popping up in all feeds no matter how extreme you

tube most because that freedom of speach. is there anything we can do about it sadly not much but if we stop opening every single sensational video we see then it will stop them being recommended to us so often if everyone did the same it might just push the us you've got a rhythm and a generally more positive direction what do you think tell us on you tube facebook and e.w. dot com that's all for today take care and see you next time. it's

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