monday demonstrations 30 years ago we just reported on a key moment ahead of the fall of the east german regime and the berlin wall and 1989 you get the latest news all around the clock on our web site that's t w dot com i'm terry martin it's been a pleasure thanks me as. i am neal and i'm james brown from using w gendarmes post this person it's divisive it's about so place that affects us old water pollution climate change and the return of. only green fields check out.

hello everybody and welcome to the latest edition of eco africa. the show dates god in lagos nigeria it's nice to have you with us we have a lot of new reports from europe and africa on brings people are doing to tackle the environmental issues facing the m word for me of course is michael present from uganda i will sandra. hello n.c. good to see you once again my name is sandra to know you're coming to from kampala here in uganda many thanks to you all for tuning in today's program will take us all around a beautiful continent as we should some light on the environmental threats we face here in ivory coast we will hear about it not look it's arguable nonfuel communities on take the pressure of forests we will take a look at what the tom get a wardrobe means here in uganda and find out how he says your boy lives are helping

to rehabilitate land in south africa. alfonse report comes from the ivory coast like many places in africa the country is losing more and more trees to illegal logging and slash and by on long periods in an effort to reduce only bust the trend an initiative process on to to get a technology to help look at new fund money for the villages how does it work out equal reporter went to find out. if. this pod guarantees this farmer's economic survival and it's organic. and monday the move yo grows cocoa on a small plantation the size of around 2 soccer fields it's located in the lemay region in the south east of ivory coast the world's largest cocoa producer. nowadays his farm is legal but for many years he had an illegal plantation in the

middle of the mob be classified forest. fire. we wanted to make money because the production. was 2 or 3 times higher than here so we really wanted to stay there. in the 1st decade of this century ivory coast went through a political and military crisis the budget for the protection of classified forests and national parks was reduced the consequence many cocoa farmers started illegal plantations there are hundreds of hectares of trees are still illegally chopped down to make room for cocoa farming. in january 2900 the government adopted a new law to boost. patrolled by trained rangers. forest is disappearing culture especially the cocoa industry. the forest has

a lot of advantages for farmers it's the best place with. conflict. and monday cultivated cocoa on an illegal plantation for 4 years but then he decided to move his plantation to another location. he participates in a project called red plus which has the goal to protect forests and is run by the. dennis mia is in charge of the mapping mission of project red plus he uses geo poppy a free source mapping app. assesses the agricultural land around the classified forest and finds abandoned fields like one belonging to mobilise relatives. allows us to establish the boundaries of plots of land for example mobilise plot is

right next to the classified forest now he knows the boundaries of a plot that is not going to go beyond his limits and won't cross into the classified forest. geo poppy software also maps all important trees on the plots in the sixty's and seventy's farmers cut down all the trees on their plantations to get maximum sun exposure because they believe that cocoa needed a lot of sun. in fact the plant needs more shave agro biologist. explains the impact of each tree on the cocoa plants to the farmers'. lawn like we added they ought to be tree is important due to its environmental benefit that it stores the carbon so it plays a role in climate regulation in addition it plays an ecological role as it's a cocoa friendly tree which protects and get shade to the plant that helps keep the

soil moist and more fair trial which in turn increases cocoa production. the n.g.o.'s meaty day helps farmers like to convert their plantations in order to get an e.u. organic label for their cocoa production. one requirement is for example to use empty pods as fertilizers. and to dry the be as on traditional bamboo mats. mo bureau has benefited from this project. it's made a big difference to my life. before it was very difficult to make a living. but with organic cocoa prices are even better than with conventional cocoa. as a result a man davy mobutu's family is much better off and the forest is to.

hear him come pull out there is what thinking person reposition technically a local resident becomes local son about all the rubbish lying all around in the neighborhood she organized cleanup day. sandra helped plan was to incorporate the waste art on the idea small circle that. i can't see in and stylish. kenya manufactured her boots from hughes drive. the former students uses recycled materials such as rubber. and all the plastics she sells her creations in her shop in kampala. word of her label get a wardrobe spread fast and it's selling well. i decided to simplify my god into small things better use than i did today life and i'm

using right now i'm using question as i will communication plan to question is my voice because people in the flow i never want in uganda and outside uganda allows fashion organizes regular cleanup days with her friends the 26 year old lives in a slum in kampala although there has been an official ban on pulley thing back for 3 years in uganda it still hasn't properly taken in fact. alice and her friends always find a lot of bags during the cleanup which is then recycles in her artwork right from. when i just used to you know she was sick they used to do this. and they put. but as an artist i don't support that because it causes

pollution once again they managed to collect a lot of plastic according to the kampala city council around 50 percent of plastic waste is collected every year for reuse the other how fish just dumped in public spaces damage and water and soil fertility once in a while the young artist visits her old university alice developed the idea of tackling plastic pollution while studying in dust shows design so in this context we're looking at equipping them with skills designs creativity skills where the hans competence in appreciating the environment designing products but the products also be used in the community and they are possibly recyclable last year alice began teaching young people in the slums where plastic pollution is a serious concern catherine and go be one of the over 200

people who have been trained here at alice's center. when i looked at an educated woman like collecting plastic and using it for something useful i wondered why so one who has never gone to school like shouldn't also be working we used plastics and. initiatives like alice's may take a long time to change plastic pollution but with her fashion label gets a wardrobe she has found a clever way of raising environmental awareness in kampala no. this is. making good use of weight is partly the motivation behind another project this time in kenya since a ban on charcoal production was introduced to combat deforestation many producers are turned their attention to market in uganda and rwanda but others like sites

where i'm making charcoal briquettes from other materials instead here's this week's doing your bit from mombasa. charcoal briquettes from coconut waste. the huge need for wood fuel for cooking purposes has contributed to deforestation in kenya. now the government has banned the unlicensed production of charcoal. this is left to millions of people without a reliable source of energy for cooking. the award winning start up can cocoa in mombasa came up with an alternative coconut shells and husks are the basis for their charcoal briquettes. first corn starch and water are added. to burn shells and husks or ground.

this mixture is then pressed into briquettes the briquettes burnt harder and longer than charcoal made from wood saving households a lot of money. to start up produces 2 tons of coconut charcoal a day. in the future the teen wants to work with other war again equates to such as sugar cane. and how about you. if you are also doing your bit tell us about it visit our website or send us a tweet hash tag doing your bit. we share your story. here in africa the effects of the climate crisis have never been more pods and the farming sector is inevitably hardest hit anything opiate for instance the farmers on what is supposed to be a high yield crop every year about the land is so parched barely anything obvious

so additional indigenous seeds are too expensive or hard to come by for small scale farmers of the live mates in. european research learning how to. revive and. drought. biologist. is showing 3 visitors around the fields of the likeness instituto plant genetics on cropland research in central germany. 3 i work at the seed bank of the ethiopian biodiversity institute in. the largest of its kind in africa they want to find out what their colleagues in germany are doing to improve the quality of crop seeds. it's one thing to preserve samples from old varieties quite another to grow new plants from the. samples have to be dried and prepared in such a way that they'll keep for

a long period of time. and tests have to be conducted to see if they're able to germinate project root if. the market likes the hands on part of the process here she is learning things she hopes to implement back home she's manager of the seed bank and i decide. we don't know what moral can bring so we always want to see if our worst. where life even though we support a life of food shelter maids it's all or what a base for our living. it's a question of living. so housing in conserving supporting life will take a lot of us a shows her guests the treasure trove at the heart of the institute the seed bank with over 150000 samples from crop plants from around the world gathered over

a period of several decades. on you know. a lot of us so has been collaborating with her colleagues in addis ababa for 9 years now. but diversity of species is astounding for example data more than $9000.00 varieties of being in the collection alone size half of the seed bank here in gutters leaving is one of the largest in the world or so leg the mission from south many specimens come from older strains that are no longer cultivated on working farms but that could nonetheless prove very useful. the items in all the righties have lower yields but they can cope better with changing climatic conditions they're more robust in times of drought lack of water often turn soil acidic or leads to a build up of minerals and heavy metals these varieties can withstand all of that better than more fragile modern seeds more than a. lot of us are has got to know the problems farmers face in ethiopia firsthand

for sure using traditional methods to farm their small fields most can barely feed their families let alone create a surplus for sale they tend to plant the same crops year in year out which leads to soil degradation and ever lower yields new varieties are needed. the institute in add is also has fields where new strains are tested strains developed that with the help of a german seed company. that more back at the likeness institute in germany this week was grown from seeds collected in the 1950 s. the variety actually originated in ethiopia but has died out there this is a 6 robo examples have since been sent back to the seed bank and is along with seeds of other crops once endemic to ethiopia really certain strains of wheat and mustard more than 7000 in all now they're back home and available for research and possibly cultivation we want to apply or to use all of my heroes.

for development so most of our seed. researchers from different research in the country and students who are studying for. the visitors from ethiopia want to expand the testing of old a variety is at their own institute to establish which ones could withstand stress factors such as dryness or acidic soil an important step to boost sustainable farming in ethiopia or. good point. good luck back to africa from seeds for the soil to the sun in the sky really my new suit a self described energy entrepreneur here in the nation's capital is developing what he calls off the grid homes and he shows us yet again that renewable energy makes business sense right and say he will guy's name one user was involved in one

of nigeria's most impressive green housing projects these innovative friendly. if attracting a growing following among the media there. this is a greenhouse an apartment complex in the heart of. everything here operates on renewable energy. and his family have lived here for 3 years now. the architect cares about the environment and says the green apartment has even made his life more comfortable and he never had any back up to. have my 2 kids they've never experienced. so it's a good movie studio. according to the world bank as many as half of all nigerians live without access to electricity the demand for days estimated to be $41000.00

megawatts which is about 8 times more than what's currently available one solution is through the best of breed systems like the green house it's 10 apartments 40 rooms and all the energy is provided by a combined system it's mainly based on solar power night energy can be created through when paul. descent of man center which has been running totally underground for the past for a centimeter foster scanning answer to what i did on the study hard technology works and how you can apply to finance our character came to so so many really sits across the country that i. saw a fossil just like this. the company went into business 10 years ago it provides various renewable energy solutions and is now worth $3000000.00.

a team is driving to. this area has never been connected to the national grid we have millions of ledger and have any hope of seeing elections having led to torso london recession that in the long run on a very short run rather than every house. and have access to electricity. in the village of. which are neither healthy no good for the environment now they're getting. old all for free. energy provides the service as a way of giving vox. is delighted with. he says it will help his children study in the evenings. and the best bit it's easily rechargeable.

how many. kind of a theme. is great for children and i. think you might have and we've never seen anything like this before. back to the greenhouse. compared to the average nigerian household the dardanelles weren't. the eco friendly. makes it worth it to them. in south africa intensive lifestyle grazing is degrading the soil in many areas heat waves on drought a compounding the problem leaving many areas vari to stop the long turning into a desert some farmers in the eastern cape are switching from raising goals to growing plants to produce essential oils it offical went out to see how this works . rosemary that prefers sunny and dry location and its value lies in the

plants tips we have precious and syrian oil can lead to a high quality resource for the for smith takes and pharmaceuticals industries from a william fund rentable is nervous this is his 1st harvest and the future of the whole valley depends on the scrap. iron out in the playing field border very constant small stock farming and we needed space simply became too much for our land so we need to find other means of income and that is why we look at this kind of thing so we can continue with our left and together with a lot. more students recalls growing fear. of when the fear can bore some of the. farmers here keep. more here will is a luxury item in the clothing industry with more and more guards however the local vegetation has been eaten away i think green bushy vegetation once covered this

slopes now the barren westland holds no water and no life. daniel florrie manages the above yes close development company together with van rensburg and other families he leads the turn season from exploitative livestock farming to organic essential oil crops the oil extracted in this distillery essential oils you take a lot of plant material and distill it to a very small amount of product that you can easily transport in and out of the cliff and in that way we we need we reduce the amount of material that we take out of the system and all the plant material once it being the still can actually go back into the fields go back into the system we can use that to make up for it it's a higher value prop if you need less lend to you to work with. then more efficient land use is making

a difference whereas goats need extended grazing areas the essential oil crops exclusively cultivated on the fight in floor of the valley that's where the slopes have time to recover farmer peter kruger once used his entire 6000 hectares for grazing today cultivates a mere 20 hector's of rosemary for the same retirement he sold his godson most of his farm has been declared a nature reserve for he hopes other farmers will follow krueger's example. the biggest part of it is actually to change the mindset of the farmers to change the. to change the way that they've been doing something we were always 40 years we bring courage to the farmers to make that shift from a extractive to regenerative farming practices. the godfrey slopes are slowly recovering the living lands organization helps the farmers rejuvenates their land here on the completely degraded slope that was once grist their automobiles

and his team what hard to protect every single tree fern bush is keep the goats away white canvas walls collect rainwater and hold the precious soil beneath the phones new hope is proud. you know we are starting to see changes even at a small scale we've just gone through one of the worst droughts and over 100 years . and despite that we are seeing positive changes in the ecosystem it was a leap of faith for all involved. had to buy a new system for over $65000.00 euros but the 1st bunch of rosemary looks promising and he's sure his investment will soon pay out. it's good to be reminded that protecting the environment always brings of i'm afraid we're now coming to the end of this week's episode of africa but we'll be looking forward to seeing you

once again next week i am sound of coming to you from kampala here in uganda. by phone now sandra it was a pleasure co-hosting the show with you i'm to our viewers out there remember you can find out more about environmental issues protection and activities of others sustainability wise on our social media platforms for now i'm now it's like we're from the should it's god in lagos saying bye bye see you again next week. the be. the be. the be.

with. you. the for.

the more good bye's sausage and the low fridge a. big changes are underway in the food industry more the more the major food companies changing to meet new demand. and the less meat consumption really help the environment and join us as we explore began to germany. meet in germany in 2 hours on w. the be the go to the girl next news channel. the final story. with exclusive. the must see concerning star trek culture. to be for curious minds to do it yourself networkers the be subscribing. to. what's the connection between bread.

and the european union dinos. correspondent and the baker john stretch this long line with the world's 2nd largest. smoking recipe for success the strategy that makes a difference. baking bread on d w. one out of 8 people suffering from. the world food program is fighting over. the fight.

this is day to be a new life and then germany marks 30 years since the day it held and a dictatorship these are live pictures of the commemorations as the country looks back on the rallies seen as a turning point in toppling for one east germany's communist government this hour we're bringing you special coverage of today's ceremonies. i'm rebecca ritter's welcome to the program germany is marking the 30th anniversary

of peaceful protest same as pivotal in toppling the dictatorship in the form a staminate on this day in 1989 some 70000 people turned out for marches in the city of life's ish it was a decisive moment in a chain of events that led to the collapse of east german communism and the fall of the bone and more people held candles and pace fully demanded more freedom and democracy despite the threat of a heavy government crackdown the demonstrations my motto was the people. well limits from now german president frank volta on my is due to give a speech commemorating vose events let's cross now to leipzig where ceremonies are already underway kate brady is standing by there for us i believe can we hear you kate.

ok.

i have been listening to good stuff mama symphony number one that to mark the commemoration of the 30th anniversary of the protests that really began the end of east germany's political regime and to tell us a bit more i've got simon young data correspondent with me in the studio simon tell us a bit more about these demonstrations because they were demonstrations in other parts of. country but what made they so important yeah there had been demonstrations

elsewhere in east germany running up to this and indeed in the months previously things had begun to look very wobbly for the german system with people leaving the country on mass but on the 9th of october 1909 you had a law its large number of people 70000 people on the streets of light see one of the major cities of course in the country and it was a demonstration people were saying you know we are the people it's time for change and these were protests that the news of them got out because a couple of courageous journalists filmed some pictures which were shown on west german television the next day and everybody in east germany saw west german television so this was a protest that could no longer be ignored or denied or somehow kept quiet by the german regime and of course not only

a month later the berlin wall itself fell and $70000.00 people i mean that is was a lot of in a city of $500000.00 i mean. extraordinarily large yeah i mean the demonstrations have been growing and you know the organized opposition to communist rule had been getting stronger and louder finding its voice there had long been you know people going to ising so-called peace demonstrations and organizing for instance as it were under the banner of environmental protests but here as you can see on this picture behind us you know a mass of people who really represented a clearly a log measure of opposition to communist rule ok will stay with me but they'd always came brady has met with 2 opposition activists from the former east germany they braved immense risks to type hot in the protest let's take a look. on october 9th 1989 kathleen houghton hala was in

a stasi prison in light sake in many she was just 20 years old on this day could feel that the guards were nervous and you could hear sounds later in the day or close to the evening. that we have to break into that report because president front is currently speaking at the commemorations and we're going to go to him live. in and gets you know in view of how this is even brought their way this is what it originally has now writes in his you st nicholas church and see the way the way of the people who 30 years ago here i lived. courageously administration it's a graphic novel who says in his novel st nicholas church i'm sure that when any of you have read the novel or something that's going to do to the bottom 19 years of the g.d.r. until tara 9th 1989 so you can tell that to them as you know my god we have you

just. marched straight shot at leipsic for free. and nobody wanted to block their way and the nobody dares to. deny it. is that they were graduating in german history i am great as a heart to hears and to hear you talking about ordering to celebrate they stay with us is beyond it is an honor. i think you very much for the invitation. he added i just spoke to her 9th it is a grand day in german history but if i don't want to know i have to start with today because when i travel in germany. god especially 2 regions that it is usually are not at the center are famous i frequently meet people who are not in much of

a myriad for celebration even less so than on the occasion of past and are so ready to today 30 years after that october 9th i see a strong. so see you strongly unsettled country you see i see a country work cracks are forming cracks that are reflected there game election results in me and i'd even more in the way. in which we speak about each other and about this country. issue when i hear about a country where people feel left behind simply ignored by politics and as it is often called the elderly when i hear about a growing gap and it's not only between the east in the west and even also between everyday reality and these between cities and the countryside you're 20 minute top earners and precarious jobs i hear about young people who feel abandoned by the

older generation even betrayed by them. young people who worry that they are deprived being deprived of the future on this planet i hear about jews who are insulted and attacked i say here that our country has accepted too many refugees and migrants from other cultures and that the feeling of being a stranger in one's own country is growing. but i also hear that its citizens with a migration background feel threatened i hear a nationalist and xenophobic voice is that clearly are becoming more and more attractive. than the 5030 year is after the peaceful revolution in the fall of the wall i hear east germans who feel misunderstood and west germans who are tired of hearing about it and i see a country. that is struggling for cohesion ladies and gentlemen is that

our country is to go is that the whole truth about our country and let me tell you this is certainly not the case. let me ladies i haven't landed try to see things differently because when i travel i also need people with amazing stories to tell biggest fish if i listen to their story was i hear stories of new beginnings of success and failure of hopes and deception you see i hear star easy stories of in life so that each for itself do not make history with the bats and the vine by a riot he offered 82000000 have left their marks on this country then views in because who are we and what is this country even if not most of these. stories. i am especially impressed by the stars of the city wouldn't go that. there are a 1000000 men to force vast. task to be took to the streets

with their you hear of their immense desire for freedom and democracy that became evident in the peaceful revolution is that brigitte to go. back and when i was uprooting over my doctoral thesis is in a little room in the attic of the university of gleason but i understood the desire and and to do it i admired the car each of the many people here but did i have an idea or a dream i didn't hear i'm thinking about how much our age was required to how much she really took to turn initial demonstration exhibit into a beginning that turned into a religious revolution in the peaceful revolutionaries met many of them had met long before 989 in churches because. in private apartments they fought against mentally pollution and d. k.

they struggled for more participation and equality they fought for freedom of opinion and of movement and free elections and they dreamed of a peaceful and united europe they founded environmentalists and printed pamphlets stephen they wrote resolutions and open letters feeley many of their hands found their way into the rally a new constitution that was developed later at the round table dominates house do back then. as people in the light see tell me over and over again i know. there was an incredible atmosphere of optimism but if you listen closely. then you do not only hear stories about new beginnings and valor and these talk but also about doubts and fear. fear of despotism and persecution violence sometimes actual violence sometimes threatened violence is

a permanent shadow cast over families and friends if you can. also remember the many victim of these despotism and suppression suppression we must not forget them on this october night. thank. you but then you the maps and this fall 30 years ago something astonishing happened. fear switched sides. and you feel it became 1st it happened in the plywood on october 7th and 2 days later. while another and people from tall when i hear apparently 2 days later on october

9th hearing light sig it's far more than 70000 people gathered for peace prayers and be a largest monday duncombe strace in until then despises to defeat a chinese solution that had been mentioned several months after the last aircraft tiananmen despite not knowing if the su dear regime what crushed the proper tests best begin to notice you have to be as easy as you had prevented a western journalist from coming to light. the foodbank no good and prevents footage secretly filmed by sikh batch of afghan amber dogs came from the tower of the reformed church to be smuggled to the west. it's again in the aftermath of october 9th these images flickered across the

screens in many living rooms and many sensed in the west and in the east that in the g.d.r. something had to gain momentum that was unstoppable the fear had switched sides and after is based 9th of october in leipzig. in the g.d.r. nothing was as it had been before many of the car you just people are here with us cut him out of all charges you know all of man's an innocent columnar. b.s. hall it's are and of all the. relatives of course mazhar also are here. for us and we are will speak for them and i mean it is great to have all of you here today.