the line. every journey begins with the 1st step and every language the 1st word in the cold germany. why not. simple on your mobile and free. learning course because for german maybe. hello and welcome to focus on europe i'm lara baba lola thanks for joining us turkey's a military offensive in syria has shown just how resolute the president at a want is attacking his opponents and he is also cracking down on opposition

members in his own country recently turkish security forces clashed with purchase demonstrators in istanbul. well security forces are also allegedly using covert methods against their person enemies they are shrouded in secrecy and the families of those affected are left in the dark so may you husband mostafa is accused of belonging to the gülen movement which was blamed for the failed coup against the government 3 years ago one day he disappeared without a trace it took months before so may i received a sign of life. as husband disappeared without a trace 8 months ago after months of anxious searching she was suddenly informed that he's in police custody in the turkish capital ankara she was allowed to visit him briefly and was very shocked when she saw him.

he'd lost a lot of weight at least 20 keyless face was pale and his hands were ice cold. i guess he wasn't given enough food and was kept in a place without daylight. on the 19th of february 29th teen physiotherapist mostafa yamas said goodbye to his wife like every morning. but he never came back. i got them the money you know he walked towards the bus stop on the pavement but before he arrived 2 men ambushed him they threw a black bag over his head i saw he was forced into a black transporter that was waiting on the corner and then driven away i mean addition it was more mean did you know. some of this was caught on a local businesses surveillance camera it's the only proof the mayor has that her

husband was kidnapped. a few months before he'd been briefly detained on suspicion of supporting the girl and movement that accused of being behind the attempted coup in 2016. none of her letters received an answer. she did eventually receive some support from the opposition m.p. burma gagliano glue he says that the case assume a human is his husband is not unique. he's been informed of at least $28.00 such kidnappings so far. very few journalists turned up at a press conference he called. on this is a very sensitive subject in turkey. since many of those who have disappeared are suspected of being supporters of the girl and movement few people are willing to stand up for them in public yet. this man is

a trade unionist. he said he was almost kidnapped in september he filmed himself making a statement and posted a photo of a black transporter. but now he's afraid to talk to the media. he's right to feel afraid each time the m.p. . goes out on the street with us and other relatives to draw attention to those who have disappeared the police intervene and break up the gathering. we contacted the turkish authorities to find out more. we asked the ministry of the interior for a statement via the turkish embassy in berlin but to no avail. international human rights groups have not received any information about the disappearances from the turkish authorities either they can only speculate as to why the government has resorted to such ruthless methods overall it's very difficult to explain

a kind of rational reason for doing this which isn't based on a desire to either. frighten the rest of the population or to extract information from those men will make those men confess to crimes which perhaps they didn't commit. some of those who have been abducted and later released have found the courage to talk about what they experienced publicly to help other victims and their relatives. who one man wrote a letter describing how he had been tortured in a secret location probably run by the turkish secret services. yup if you don't confess they say they will torture you and probably die we will bury you somewhere and make it look as if it was a natural death is one of the few witnesses there are all say the same thing. as he did on the 2 a lot of they were kidnapped by a black transporter blindfolded and taken to

a building with several cells where there are also other people and they were tortured repeatedly so that they would give up names. is convinced her husband was tortured too. now he's accused of being a member of an armed group he was not allowed the lawyer of his choice. and her parents in law have sought advice from a human rights association she says that the police advised her to keep quiet so as not to worsen her husband's situation but she refuses to be silenced. if you see kid if school is you don't want to talk to decide to tell from his physical and mental state that my husband had had a rough time and i presume that he confessed to a crime under torture and then he was given some time to recover before being taken to a police station. because his. samantha now knows where her husband is

but not what will happen to him her worries are far from over. almost half a year is still in police custody and his wife has no idea when she will be allowed to see him again. 30 years ago euphoria swept across germany with the fall of the wall it was a chance for the country to reunite and heal after decades of division but some of the scars from the border between the east and the west still remain the villages of security and booklets were split by the iron curtain after co-existing for centuries and the hopes that people in both villages had still haven't been fulfilled today. 30 years ago the death strip divided the villages of security and booklets today they're only separated by a strip of grass. the wall and the barbed wire are long gone you can drive freely between book fits in the east insecurity in the west

a line in the asphalt is the only dividing line. the wall that divide a book that security fell on nov 18th $198099.00 days after the berlin wall elizabeth backed witnessed it all. 30 years ago elizabeth was a music teacher in east germany and she brought her accordion along when the border was officially opened for the 1st time in decades villagers can visit one another though just briefly at 1st still for elizabeth back it was an incredible experience . and the mention maybe here crowds of people streamed back and forth for 2 hours and we sang everywhere and were happy. the euphoria was indescribable because we never thought we'd ever live to see this need we did. the hamas.

farmer. can still remember when the village was divided and quiet unlike his granddaughter a busy through road now runs by his once isolated farm. the iron curtain used to stand right behind the meadow where the cows grace. as our house is just 100 meters away we could always see when something happened at the border. one cannot just see it but also hear it. back then even small children knew setting foot into the mine ditch could be deadly. when the gunroom when you hear as a kid that the neighbor's cows did that and were blown up by mines it has a really educational effect. then you don't do it. some of the border fortifications still stand as a memorial and a warning to future generations yet as much as people here suffered from being

separated becoming reunited didn't prove easy either. fit security has no stores and no school the local pub is rarely open former border posts now decorate private gardens the wall might have gone but the 2 villages still are situated in different federal states waiting to be our kind of problems book fits in the east doesn't have a fire department anymore and the one in security is only responsible for security and i don't know that up with i don't know what unit lee we have nothing to do with booklets because that's in another state the state border still divides us and if there's a fire there and then our colleagues in the next town of ya know they can alert us that we're not designated to be alerted or dispatched so we're not informed automatically that. it's only 2 minutes event in just 2 minutes. the only

institution here which uses both village names is the book physically marksman's club still president andreas peckman so the club has fewer and fewer members from book it's because even the young people don't really know one another as they attend different schools. you know through the motor and it means the generation in the quits isn't a sector from the cup anymore so to be honest you would econ called it growing together here. who are still hopes folks will come together just like the inscription on this memorial in the middle of the former death strip has promised for almost 30 years we are one europe. if you want to i expect my children and grandchildren will say to us why did you make so little of this chance back in 1900. go for live with milledge is live side by side in a cultivated coexistence of and have yet fulfilled very little of the potential to

tell one another our stories. i'm here climb close to food. because he doesn't want his granddaughter to ever forget how borders can divide people just as they once did in book fit sicker. iceland without ice it's the future of the island is facing as its glaciers vanish well country recently held a funeral for the 1st glacier to be declared dead or one man is fighting the climate crisis with his camera greg not axel since photos are beautiful bitter and meant to jolt us awake he has dedicated himself to documenting the towering white giants once frozen in time for the. rock zone also known as rocks is iceland's most famous photographer today he's accompanied by his friend tomas on his way to sneak fits you quote one of around 300 glaciers on

the island. i kind of grew up under the glacier as a kid on a farm in summer and i've seen them you know when you see them the 1st time you see them like when i saw the 1st time. floating icebergs it was like a magical thing to see just fell in love with glaciers. much has changed on the island since then iceland is increasingly turning green it's a consequence of the rising temperatures. ragnar uses his camera to document the effects of climate change. the glaciers are melting. as a snake fits you quote which right now has taken pictures of thousands of times. over the past 100 years it's lost half of its surface area at this point its peak rises high above the snow in summer. instead of ice and snow the path to the peak

often leads over lava rock. the glacier is getting shorter within 30 to 40 years they could disappear completely. i've been here since i was a boy i've been here over 50 times and i've skied that or 30 times i see the changes every year and this is probably the best example in iceland and perhaps in the north i was for. this. but the warm summers are especially problematic for the ice halfway up it's 16 degrees celsius one of iceland's warmest days of the year. if his grandchildren ever ask him what he did to prevent this rock not once at least to be able to say i made photos.

nobody is wearing black here but this is a memorial ceremony for a funeral for a glacier aka europe which was the 1st one to officially depart a sign commemorates the glacier that's now gone. the lacie are just odd your ziggurat sean was there too at 70 he's actually retired but iceland's glaciers still have a grip on him for a long summer show now the glaciers are melting with increasing speed faster than ever before in history we've never experienced anything like this and there's no end in sight how in the next 200 years almost all of iceland's glaciers will have disappeared. at horton. a few days later thomas and rocking are underway in iceland

east there at the base of your quote europe's largest glacier here at the feet out there alone lagoon it's quiet on a rainy monday morning. the icebergs are slowly drifting out towards the sea and with them the snow that settled on iceland about 2000 years ago. almost daily huge blocks of ice break off and end up in the lagoon. look at those little like the giants it's like a scene from a film or a movie. sort of you see how they're going to wake up or you know look at them it's like people if you look at it that way. scientists are sure that the glaciers melting cannot be prevented anymore but perhaps it could be slowed down. rock now and thomas are looking for a spot for the night tomorrow they want to climb father up the mountain what remains from their travels are photos documents of disappearance which are meant to

go around the world these are not postcard photos you saw like photos of faces of star formations and this is definitely something we commence. in the future you know preaching in their city in the. pope people to see and then you have to think. and think is it because of me or is it what is it at least don't take the chance don't have another hole. in the near future iceland will be a different country iceland will still be called iceland but the ice that it was once named after will have disappeared. all at the other end of europe in the south of spain a sweet aroma fills the air the sunlight oranges are ready for harvesting at

plantations around seville but citrus farmers are feeling the squeeze from the crowded market for most it means war work for less money well the economy in andalusia has relied on oranges for decades but the hardships are testing farmers like never before. the harvest is just a few weeks away and puckle humanise is very busy at 80 years of age he still can't stop working on his plantation 20 kilometers north of seville. like his father and grandfather packer's passion for farming knows no limits. in the sun it's in my blood and. i wouldn't be able to cope with this otherwise. a farmer needs to have and durrance we're going to grow even in dire times. 5 years whoever's earning at that point we should probably do something else spain's orange

production is hanging on a knife edge for years farmers earnings have been decreasing last season they made $0.10 per kilogram palko he minutes says it's not profitable anymore. you're bigger but if you're not asking for exorbitant prices. but if you're where i want to price that enables me and all the others to work on. where or when the i demanded $0.70 for a kilogram of oranges will it be too expensive in the supermarket or fewer oranges would be eaten people only look at the price. there are. there's a lot on the line more than half the continents oranges are grown in spain it's europe's biggest orange producer but cheaper oranges are being imported from outside europe and has a fair number of place of the farmers association asya says spanish farmers can't compete with those prices and production conditions in south africa egypt and

morocco are very different. but. the problem is that the competition doesn't have to hear to the same quality standards when it comes to environmental protection working conditions and pesticides what farmers and under loser in spain in europe are subject to strict rules. luis has found a different way of dealing with the situation he's letting his plantation grow wild he started that 5 years ago with the intention of reducing the use of pesticides today his oranges are labelled by the world wildlife fund certifying that his plantation is environmentally sustainable. this way louise can sell his crop at a higher price. he sort of all these weeds they grow here they're home to many insects they're natural enemies for parasites that help us

prevent plagues from spreading. louise was surprised by how productive sustainable farming can be he says he saves up to 80 percent in pesticides he calls his neighbors conventional plantation chernobyl for all the plastic and chemicals in the fields. the real catastrophe is that we used to view this as modern farming. the least believe a change of mindset is possible he thinks everyone is talking about climate change and the fridays for future represent a new generation in his view spanish orange farmers needed new ideas to reach other markets and avoid competing with prices from outside europe. and older people to know are realizing that we're in danger in our planet. this is a big revolution in our society. consumers are willing to pay a bit more for

a product that respects nature. and farmers should be able to profit from this. his fellow farmer puckle he menace is doubtful he thinks demand for organic oranges is too low so he prefers to trust his conventional farming methods and his insurance he thinks the steep competition works as a kind of natural selection or normal. or if you don't earn money. at some point you give up something else. or there's a limit to everything the other group they want to wipe the results are what you're . palko he menaces determined to survive this crisis somehow and keep up the family tradition he feels he owes it to his children and grandchildren. when a diva takes her final bow on stage the passion for music doesn't end when the curtains

close and thanks to a famous italian composer retired musicians in milan are able to play out their days while passing along their knowledge to aspiring musicians the sound of music is ever present in the walls of cassavetti a care home where pensioners and students live in harmony. this year roman is a singing teacher and 94 she's long retired but still going strong this is rehearsing with america's spot a fino young soprano who's performing in a concert at the casa very. badly enough to put on a happy face all right not a sad one piece. custom verdi in the heart of milan is a very special seniors home telling composer giuseppe verdi had a built in the late 1900 century as a rest home for musicians. that was revolutionary at

a time when there weren't any old age pension schemes homa still financially sound because verdi left cassavetti the rights to his royalties the feature. for busy and her friends casa verdi is like a hotel but those who need more care also get it here. they want it to the kitchen there are so many really nice musicians and seeing all these people sitting in wheelchairs helps me prepare for my own future. and that's not too far off. in recent years verdi has also become a multigenerational home crowd unary is one of 20 music students who's able to live here until he completes his degree. he's also bases favorite pupil and she's pulled a lot of strings to help launch his career.

i. so want that. we were together in new york when i played my concert at carnegie hall. she wouldn't have missed it for anything. 2 this you coach singer. and her accompanist for weeks ahead of the concert at the casa verdi offering both praise and criticism in the end they want over their critical audience. very well the audience loved the program at least those who could hear it. the council verity is more than a retirement home it's a place where both young and old are brought together by their profound passion for music. once again always a diva thanks for watching focus on your if you have any questions or thoughts

about our show you can get in touch with me on twitter don't forget you can also watch our show online at www dot com i'll see you again next week bye for now.

absolutely. nothing. to do conflicts with tim sebastian. it's just 3 months since india has decided that it'll have to change in kashmir my guess this week here in the book is jade comes up national vice-president on one of the chief spokesman of the ruling. congress he

also the charges of widespread human rights violations in kashmir. the futile double. what keeps us in shape what makes us sick and how do we stay conscious. my name is dr carson because i talk to medical experts. watch them at work. and i discuss what you can do to improve your head. stay tuned and let's all try to stay. d.w. . and. language courses. video. w b. j of france dear antone oh dear

cecilia this is opposite us i'm sitting on the terrace in twilight it's peaceful my 3 grandchildren stripe on trauma that's. when i was in france is a chance of germany was split in 2 and remain divided for decades since it might give on a must when your mother was born in 1969 the well was already 8 years of abuse my grandchildren who were born after the war felt born in a great find a wonderful time a time of great joy. 3 generations one family on a journey through recent german history. of. this. darkness has fallen and it's still peaceful and they have remained so for your sakes my grandchildren.

because it starts to labor 60 d.w. . this is deja vu news live from berlin the days of unrest forced she laid to pull out of posting 2 major global summits she lays president still struggling with massive protests says the calm 25 climate summit and apec trade summit will no longer take place in his country also coming up the impeachment inquiry into u.s. president donald trump gathers steam investigators and by former national security

advisor john bolton to testify. plus policing online.