big brands have committed to fair working conditions and sustainable production. is monitoring to some contractors. and investigative documentary goes to italy and china and looks behind the glamorous facades of is it a. luxury. starts november c d w. hello and welcome to focus on europe i'm lara baba lola thanks for joining us turkey's a military offensive in syria has shown just how resolute the president at a want is attacking his opponents and he is also cracking down on opposition

members in his own country recently turkish security forces clashed with purchase demonstrators in istanbul. well security forces are also allegedly using covert methods against their perceived enemies they are shrouded in secrecy and the families of those affected are left in the dark so may you husband mostafa is accused of belonging to the gülen movement which was blamed for the failed coup against the government 3 years ago one day he disappeared without a trace it took months before so may i received a sign of life. as husband disappeared without a trace 8 months ago after months of anxious searching she was suddenly informed that he's in police custody in the turkish capital ankara she was allowed to visit him briefly and was very shocked when she saw him.

he'd lost a lot of weight at least 20 keyless face was pale and his hands were ice cold. and i guess he wasn't given enough food and was kept in a place without daylight. on the 19th of february 29th teen physiotherapist mustafa yamas said goodbye to his wife like every morning. but he never came back. i got them the money you know he walked towards the bus stop on the pavement but before he arrived 2 men ambushed him they threw a black bag over his head i saw he was forced into a black transporter that was waiting on the corner and then driven away in addition to transport to did you know. some of this was caught on a local businesses surveillance camera it's the only proof the mayor has that her

husband was kidnapped. a few months before he'd been briefly detained on suspicion of supporting the girl and movement that accused of being behind the attempted coup in 2016. none of her letters received an answer. she did eventually receive some support from the opposition m.p. burma gagliano glue. he says that the case assume a human says husband is not unique. he's been informed of at least $28.00 such kidnappings so far. very few journalists turned up at a press conference he called. on this is a very sensitive subject in turkey. since many of those who have disappeared are suspected of being supporters of the girl and movement few people are willing to stand up for them in public yet. this man is

a trade unionist. he said he was almost kidnapped in september he filmed himself making a statement and posted a photo of a black transporter. but now he's afraid to talk to the media. he's right to feel afraid each time the m.p. leo glue goes out on the street with him a year in mass and other relatives to draw attention to those who have disappeared the police intervene and break up the gathering. we contacted the turkish authorities to find out more. we asked the ministry of the interior for a statement via the turkish embassy in berlin but to no avail. international human rights groups have not received any information about the disappearances from the turkish authorities either they can only speculate as to why the government has resorted to such ruthless methods overall it's very difficult to explain

a kind of rational reason for doing this which isn't based on a desire to either. frighten the rest of the population or to extract information from those men will make those men confess to crimes which perhaps they didn't commit. some of those who have been abducted and later released have found the courage to talk about what they experienced publicly to help other victims and their relatives. who one man wrote a letter describing how he had been tortured in a secret location probably run by the turkish secret services. yup if you don't confess they say we will torture you roof and probably die we will bury you somewhere just a bit and make it look as if it was a natural death but it's one of the few witnesses there are all say the same thing . as he did on the 2 a lot of they were kidnapped by a black transporter blindfolded and taken to a building with several cells where there were also other people because of them

and they were tortured repeatedly so that they would give up names before. the. us is convinced her husband was tortured too now he's accused of being a member of an armed group he was not allowed the lawyer of his choice. samantha and her parents in law have sought advice from a human rights association she says that the police advised her to keep quiet so as not to worsen her husband's situation but she refuses to be silenced if you seek. to decide to tell from his physical and mental state that my husband had had a rough time and i presume that he confessed to a crime under torture and then he was given some time to recover before being taken to a police station. because. samantha now knows where her husband is but not what will happen to him her worries are far from over. well mustafa

is still in police custody and his wife has no idea when she will be allowed to see him again 30 years ago euphoria swept across germany with the fall of the wall it was a chance for the country to reunite and heal after decades of division but some of the scars from the border between the east and the west still remain the villages of security and booklets were split by the iron curtain after co-existing for centuries and the hopes that people in both villages had still haven't been fulfilled today. 30 years ago a death strip divided the villages of security and booklets today they're only separated by a strip of grass. the wall and the barbed wire are long gone you can drive freely between book fits in the east insecurity in the west

a line in the asphalt is the only dividing line. the wall that divide a book that security fell on november 18th $198099.00 days after the berlin wall elizabeth witnessed it all. 30 years ago elizabeth was a music teacher in east germany and she brought her cornea and along with the border was officially opened for the 1st time in decades villagers can visit one another though just briefly at 1st still for elizabeth back it was an incredible experience. and the mention maybe here crowds of people streamed back and forth for 2 hours and we sang everywhere and were happy. the euphoria was indescribable because i never thought we'd ever live to see this new delhi did. the hamas and the.

farmer. can still remember when the village was divided and quiet unlike his granddaughter a busy through road now runs by his once isolated farm. the iron curtain used to stand right behind the meadow where the cows grace. as our house is just 100 meters away we could always see when something happened at the border. one cannot just see it but also hear it. back then even small children knew setting foot into the mine ditch can be deadly. when the gun run when you hear as a kid that the neighbor's cows did that and were blown up by mines it has a really educational effect. then you don't do it. some of the border fortifications still stand as a memorial and a warning to future generations yet as much as people here suffered from being

separated becoming reunited didn't prove easy either. fit security has no stores and no school the local pub is rarely open former border posts now decorate private gardens the wall might have gone but the 2 villages still are situated in different federal states waiting to be our kind of problems book fits in the east doesn't have a fire department anymore and the one in security is only responsible for security and i don lemon up with side and fortunately we have nothing to do with booklets because that's in another state the state border still divides us and if there's a fire there and then our colleagues in the next town of ya know they can alert us but we're not designated to be alerted or dispatched so we're not informed automatically that. it's only 2 minutes event in just 2 minutes right the only institution here which uses both village names is the book physically marksman's

club still president andreas peckman so the club has fewer and fewer members from booklets because even the young people don't really know one another as they attend different schools. you know suitable for and it means the you know generation in the quits isn't a sector from the cup anymore so to be honest you would econ called it growing together here. who rick longer still hopes folks will come together just like the inscription on this memorial in the middle of the former death strip has promised for almost 30 years we are one europe. you know a lot of i expect my children and grandchildren will say to us why did you make so little of this chance back in 1900. villagers live side by side in a cultivated coexistence of and have yet fulfilled very little of the potential to tell one another our stories and so i'm here klein close to who. because

he doesn't want his granddaughter to ever forget how borders can divide people just as they once did in book fit sicker. iceland without ice it's the future the island is facing as its glaciers vanish well a country recently held a funeral for the 1st glacier to be declared dead or one man is fighting the climate crisis with his camera greg not axel since photos are beautiful better and meant to jolt us awake he has dedicated himself to documenting the towering white giants once frozen in time for the. rock zone also known as rocks is iceland's most famous photographer today he's accompanied by his friend tomas on his way to sneak fits you quote one of around 300 glaciers on

the island. i grew up under the glacier as a kid on a farm in summer and i've seen them you know when you see them the 1st time you see them like when i saw the 1st time. floating icebergs it was like a magical thing to see. just fell in love with glaciers. much has changed on the island since then iceland is increasingly turning green it's a consequence of the rising temperatures. ragnar uses his camera to document the effects of climate change the glaciers are melting. as in sneak fitzhugh code which right now has taken pictures of thousands of times. over the past 100 years it's lost half of its surface area at this point its peak rises high above the snow in summer. instead of ice and snow the path to the peak often leads

over lava rock. the glacier is getting shorter within 30 to 40 years it could disappear completely. i've been here since i was a boy i've been here over 50 times and i've skied it or 30 times and i see the changes every year and this is probably the best example in iceland and perhaps in the north i was for or for glacier that this vanishing. the warm summers are especially problematic for the ice halfway up it's 16 degrees celsius one of iceland's warmest days of the year. if his grandchildren ever ask him what he did to prevent this rock not absolutes on once at least to be able to say i made photos .

nobody is wearing black here but this is a memorial ceremony for a funeral for a glacier. which was the 1st one to officially depart a sign commemorates the glacier that's now gone. the lacie are just odd your ziggurat sean was there too at 70 he's actually retired but iceland's glaciers still have a grip on him for a long summer show him out the glaciers are melting with increasing speed faster than ever before in history and we've never experienced anything like this and there's no end in sight how in the next 200 years almost all of iceland's glaciers will have disappeared out of that moment of horton a few days later thomas and rocking are underway in iceland east there at the base

of your quote europe's largest glacier. here at the door lagoon it's quiet on a rainy monday morning. the icebergs are slowly drifting out towards the sea and with them the snow that settled on iceland about 2000 years ago. almost daily huge blocks of ice break off and end up in the lagoon. look at those little like the giants it's like a scene from a film or a movie. brings a lot of you see how they're going to wake up or you know look at them it's like people if you look at it that way. scientists are sure that the glaciers melting cannot be prevented anymore but perhaps it could be slowed down. rock not in tomas are looking for a spot for the night tomorrow they want to climb farther up the mountain what remains from their travels are photos documents of disappearance which are meant to

go around the world these are not postcard photos be sought. like. face up star formation. this is definitely something we are going to miss. the future preaching and if you are sitting in the. boat people to see. then you have to think. and think is it because of me or is it what is it at least don't take the chance you don't have another hole. in the near future iceland will be a different country by snow and will still be called iceland but the ice that it was once named after will have disappeared. all at the other end of europe in the south of spain a sweet fills the air the sunlight oranges are ready for harvesting at plantations

around seville but citrus farmers are feeling the squeeze from the crowded market for most it means war work for less money while the economy in andalusia has relied on oranges for decades but the hardships are testing farmers like never before. the harvest is just a few weeks away and puckle jimenez is very busy at 80 years of age he still can't stop working on his plantation 20 kilometers north of seville. like his father and grandfather packo's passion for farming knows no limits. in the song it's in my blood and. i wouldn't be able to cope with this otherwise. a farmer needs to have insurance or garden even in dire times when. 5 years whoever's doing are earning at that point we should probably do something else. spain's orange production is hanging want to knife it for years farmers earnings

have been decreasing last season they make $0.10 per kilogram palko he menace says it's not profitable anymore you're bigger but if you're not asking for exorbitant prices. i want to price that enables me and all the others to work. where or when the i demanded $0.70 for a kilogram of oranges they will be too expensive in the supermarket for fewer oranges would be eaten people only look at the price. or. there's a lot on the line more than half the continent's oranges are grown in spain it's europe's biggest orange producer but cheaper oranges are being imported from outside europe and has a fair number of place of the farmers association says spanish farmers can't compete with those prices and production conditions in south africa egypt and

morocco are very different. but. the problem is that the competition doesn't have to hear to the same quality standards when it comes to environmental protection and working conditions and pesticides farmers are now under a loser in spain in europe subject to strict rules. luis has found a different way of dealing with the situation he's letting his plantation grow wild he started that 5 years ago with the intention of reducing the use of pesticides today his oranges are labeled by the world wildlife fund certifying that his plantation is environmentally sustainable. this way louise can sell his crop at a higher price. yeah. all these weeds they grow here they're home to many insects they're natural enemies for parasites that help us prevent plagues from spreading proof you know we spoke was surprised by how

productive sustainable farming can be he says he saves up to 80 percent in pesticides he calls his neighbors conventional plantation chernobyl for all the plastic and chemicals in the fields. says the real catastrophe is that we used to view this as modern farming. the east believes a change of mindset is possible he thinks everyone is talking about climate change and the fridays for future represent a new generation in his view spanish orange farmers needed new ideas to reach other markets and avoid competing with prices from outside europe. and older people to know are realizing that we're in danger in our planet. this is a big revolution in our society. consumers are willing to pay a bit more for a product that respects nature. and farmers should be able to profit from this.

his fellow farmer the menace is doubtful he thinks demand for organic oranges is too low so he prefers to trust his conventional farming methods and his in durance he thinks the steep competition works as a kind of natural selection when north in the report or if you don't earn money. or some point you give up something else. there's a limit to everything the other group they were no longer through to. menace is determined to survive this crisis somehow and keep up the family tradition he feels he owes it to his children and grandchildren. when a diva takes her final bow on stage the passion for music doesn't end when the curtains

close and thanks to a famous italian composer retired musicians in milan are able to play out their days passing along their knowledge to aspiring musicians the sound of music is ever present in the walls of castle verdi a care home where pensioners and students live in harmony. a roman is a singing teacher and 94 she's long retired but still going strong this is rehearsing with america's spot a fino young soprano who's performing in a concert of a casa very. badly enough to. put on a happy face all right not a sad one please. custom verdi in the heart of milan is a very special seniors home talian composer giuseppe verdi had it built in the late 1900 centuries as a rest home for musicians. that was revolutionary at

a time when there weren't any old age pension schemes homa still financially sound because verdi left cassavetti the rights to his royalties and the fight. for busy under friends casa verdi is like a hotel but those who need more care also get it here. they want it to look at to see that there are so many really nice musicians and seeing all these people sitting in wheelchairs helps me prepare for my own future. and that's not too far off. in recent years very has also become a multigenerational home crowd unary is one of 20 music students who's able to live here until he completes his degree. he's also bases favorite pupil and she's put a lot of strings to help launch his career.

i. so want your we were together in new york when i played my concert at carnegie hall. she wouldn't have missed it for anything. 2 2 this you coach singer. her accompanist for weeks ahead of the concert at the casa verdi offering both praise and criticism in the end they want over their critical audience. of. america saying very well the audience loved the program at least those who could hear it. because of a really is more than retirement home it's a place where both young and old are brought together by their profound passion for music. once again always a diva thanks for watching focus on your if you have any questions or thoughts

about our show you can get in touch with me on twitter don't forget you can also watch our show online dot com i'll see you again next week bye for now. the time to.

cut. into the conflict zone with jim sebastian. it's just 3 months since india decided that it'll have to change in kashmir my guess is we here in london is jane fonda national vice-president and one of the chief spokesman of the ruling b.j. keith thomas he also charges of widespread human rights violations in kashmir

conflict. soon after those. fall of the berlin wall november night t.w. . take a trip on os go christmas market hopping with d.w. in cologne and a wooden will go up that's airfare and hotel are included for you and a guest. just tell us which german state is your favorite. what's the most beautiful place in germany. what would you like to explore most to enter check in

at d w dot com slash travel good luck and enjoy some old wine. this is a 15 year old girl. being gang raped. as teacher is beating a boy for talking by complots. for the rest of the class once s. . and here is toddlers been killed by his mother. breaking up last. his child sleeps in the streets because her family through her. fear. online bullying. pushes a teenager over the edge. just because you can see violence against children doesn't mean isn't there make them visible visible of us might violence against children disappear.

this is the news coming to you live from berlin dozens die in a train in funnel in pakistan passengers see a still view up as preface was being prepared on the moving train we get the latest from islamabad. also coming up a violent crackdown by south african police on refugees and migrants in cape town there.