this is d w news live from berlin turning a spotlight on the past germany begins a week of celebrations to mark the fall of the berlin wall 3 decades ago with events taking place across the capital we ask what the lessons are for today and we meet 2 women who were spied upon by the east german secret police the stasi and open their files for the 1st time also coming up thousands of people take to the streets of the chilean capital santiago to demand an end to the economic inequality

and any new blood tests that may be able to detect breast cancer years before patients begin showing any symptoms. i'm called aspen welcome to the program festivities have kicked off here in germany to mark the fall of the berlin wall 30 years ago on november 9th 1989 events have been taking place across the capital bill of course have more on that 1st one demonstration 3 decades ago that many say changed the course of history. history flashing before their eyes as thousands returned to berlin psychotic other sunday a plot to mark the moment that would help change the city and the country forever november 4th 1989 more than half a 1000000 protesters to set. did on the square and what would become the largest

demonstration in the history of east germany led by some of its most prominent intellectuals they rose up to demand more freedoms from the oppressive regime. it's as if someone has pushed open the window. into years of intellectual economic and political stagnation. shelf they can only years reeking of apathy. is of double speak and bureaucratic despotism you have a tough issue of is. the communist regime had rapidly and publicly lost all support but even then no one predicted that just 5 days later their berlin wall would fall . this week the spirit of the peaceful revolution once more lighting up the city like this giant wave of colorful streamers said brandenburg gate carrying messages of hope for the future written by germans. over the coming

days the city will celebrate the anniversary with more than $200.00 events exhibitions and artworks culminating with the ceremony at the berlin wall memorial on saturday. joining me now in studio is the political correspondent simon young i mean as we saw i mean those events very much still live here in berlin how is that momentous occasion and 30 years ago resonating today well i think as people look back it's evident that germany of the you really united germany today is a democratic country with free elections people can move around everybody enjoys the rights and freedoms guaranteed to germany's basic laws such as the right to human dignity but that's not to downplay the differences between rich and poor. but from the east and. viewpoint there is

a sense that you know the full of the bird in will was not unalloyed good news and france is a new survey just out says that almost half of eastern germans feel they are less free now to express themselves that summary now than before the fall the war most awfully that than they were under communism and there are there is also a sort of related sense that you know many east germans are 2nd class citizens as they feel wages are lower pensions and lower in the east so you know there are problems but almost nobody says that they want to return to the communist system i mean that's because you know 3 decades later germans especially eastern german still living with many of the facts of the old east german regime one of them being the stasi of the east german secret police can you give us an idea of what life was like for citizens living under the stasi yeah i mean the east german state felt the

need to protect what they saw as the socialist order of society and to do that they employed a vost apparatus tens of thousands of permanent employees working round the clock to observe to record and to try and analyze what people were saying and thinking and to intervene locking people up where they saw it is necessary and there were. 2 or 300000 unofficial operatives as well people spying on their friends and neighbors family members even in some cases noting down what they did where they went what they say and you know this was an enormous apparatus perhaps 2 or 3 percent of the east german population at times would just involved in this activity generated a huge amount of information alternately it was too much for them even to schrade as they. today when when the wall came down and take

a deeper look at what life was like for those living under surveillance we'll come back to you in a 2nd 1st let's take a trip back in time behind the berlin wall take a look. at all fall under luna's aber visit the building where they used to live. when the 2 secretaries lived here in their younger years spies from the stars he used germany's secret police monitor them through the kitchen window. but then the tree was smaller i was even dizzy do you see people from the stars he's standing there you know as for me i just recently read about it. we never would have thought of such a thing oh no i don't think so either. they read about it in the stars he files a couple of 100 pages of intercepted letters private mail and official correspondence

and most of all reports from spies including the layout of your loan as aber and zilker all files flat. at 7 am on april 30th 980 observations of residence was undertaken for this kitchen light was on and the window was half open about 15 minutes later the light was turned off and saban left the flat alone she walked in the direction of the summer he touched us a subway station a. month has someone looked into my life and i had no idea about it this is made me feel very uncomfortable for years i didn't want to have anything to do with it i didn't even want to read the file. this is what's there. but i have to live with it . in my experience you always get through life better if you can live with the situation with. it. we wanted to leave east germany they had applied for exit reasons it was here that they were subjected

to hours of interrogation they never wanted to set foot in this place again. let's just go and you have to go back to the place of her. but i have a really bad bottle a feeling really bad i could just cry then do it. now. to this day they feel humiliated by the tone used in the interrogations. this is here. this is. so is a greeting it was like can see right away that your slant not only that you better watch out don't even cross the street the wrong way we are everywhere just huge threats. that was more than 30 years ago on the anniversary of the fall of the berlin wall the stasi documentation authority made the files accessible silca or fallen alone is able to speak publicly about what happened there

explaining to young germans why they risked their lives to leave east germany. i wanted out and i didn't want anyone to tell me who has the right to decide where i live even if it were social or whatever but we didn't want that and at that age you're also brave enough to do it as much as most does he somehow never getting out or only to a couple of countries that it was decided i could go to i never agreed to that i had said before that i wasn't happy with that and then i thought you know i just want out of here i want freedom is that if i had but at some stage it all petered out both women withdrew their exit visa applications. to pastor and that allowed her to travel alone as a but had a baby and was allowed to go to the west after all. back now with simon young i mean as we heard many people finding out through those files that people were

spying on them and often those spies were even family members i mean how does that affect people today you know when the wall came down there was this just this debate should the falls be opened or closed with the opinion that one out was that everyone has the right to see files that were kept about them and of course that created problems in some cases where people learned that there. friends their colleagues that would fellow students and of course even in some cases family members have been sort of noting down and reporting back to the stone age about what they were up to so there is a lot of sensitivity around this and i think that continues to this day for instance the media they can obtain stones he phones in some cases but they are not supposed to actively reveal the name of former stones the officers even now political correspondent some young thank you thank. this week will be bringing you special coverage in reports of all the events which led to the fall of the berlin wall 30 years ago right here on. let's take

a look now at some of the other stories making news around the world turkey says it's captured the sister of the dead islamic state leader of a daddy rosny awad was caught in a raid near the turkish controlled syrian town near the border her brother died last month during an american special forces raid on his compound. u.k. parliament has elected a new house of commons speaker lindsay hoyle of the opposition labor party promised to be neutral and transparency in his new role running the daily business of the commons he takes over from john bercow who some accused of and time it's. america's f.b.i. says the despoiled of wants to bomb a historic synagogue in the state of colorado 27 year old self described skinhead was arrested after he purchased a fake bombs and explosives from undercover agents yes beyond started investigating the suspect after he posted anti-semitic threats on social media.

thousands of people have taken to the streets of the capital jago to demand better social services and an end to any quality the demonstrations began last month after the government announced a hike in subway fares the government accuses the protesters of damaging the economy but they say to future plans are benefiting from the country's prosperity. the wail of sirens tear gas and water cannons once again tensions flared into violent clashes between police and protesters in santiago. demonstrations erupted in the chilean capital 3 weeks ago anger over a hike in metro fares sparked massive protests over income inequality and poor public services. the police met the demands with bullets leaving 20 people dead the government's hard line has enraged those demanding change. protesting against the

system in general above all the problems in the near liberal system here and surely . we have arrived at a crisis where we noticed that the system cannot handle it anymore yet this is going away that my. chile has the reputation of being a latin american success story but economic growth has come with rising inequality and a cut in social provisions thousands took to the street. on monday to protest the pension system that is leaving the elderly short changed. what this government wants is to continue maintaining this a pension system. that this for us is completely insulting it's a provocation and that's why people voted. others had to come together to highlight student debt which is crippling the finances of university graduates not having a way to pay having to deprive yourself in order to pay go to pay for this is an anguish for all of us. fueled by

a sense of injustice the protests show no sign of abating. correspondent a cold foolish is in she lay and she sent us this assessment of the latest protests in the capital. jilly entered a 3rd week of protests on monday with another mass demonstration around santiago central plaza d'italia square even before the scheduled start of the protests those in attendance were dispersed by water cannons and tensions only escalated further as the afternoon went on with heavy clashes between protesters and the police 2 female police officers were struck by molotov cocktails and set ablaze now these protests started as a reaction to a raise in transportation costs but that was only the straw that broke the camel's back ever since chileans of all ages and backgrounds have been taking to the streets demanding changes to what they consider to be a profoundly unjust system they're asking for reforms and the country's pension education and health care system and cries for

a new constitution are growing louder and louder that is because the current constitution here in chile dates back to 980 which is when the country still lived under dictatorship for now presidents of us now being you know hasn't shown any convincing signs of wanting to give in to the demands these protesters are bringing forward which is why we're very certain to keep seeing more of this in the coming days and weeks. debbie correspondent nicole fearless there in chile for us you're watching the news still to come the new blood tests that coolidge to be a game changer when it comes to diagnosing breast cancer. first at least 5 people were killed in the iraqi capital baghdad when security forces opened fire on anti-government protesters tens of thousands of iraqis have been demonstrating in central baghdad and southern iraq since october 25th calling

for the overthrow of the governments and sweeping political change earlier in the day funerals were held for 2 protesters killed in karbala over the weekend. that the mass funeral soon became a rag protests. that we love and so we will sacrifice for you they chanted on the streets of kabbalah this man die they're going to avenge train men who died of the way can during clashes with pro-government militia and the she got only see the. then the shaded but the son is a hero he was carrying only theoretically flood nothing else but the praise of militias attacked us and killed us they had to shut us up. and in the capital baghdad they rallied to remember those victims to demonstrate is surging out of their protest camp on top 3 square and towards the heavily guarded bridges leading into the government district the paper bracing for further violence they've seen so much of it in recent wakes you know what how yesterday and young man went up to the

bridge and it sounded one to 10 and they had his entire had to accept it and i'll keep on montel come on i know about peaceful protest in addition the motus and soon sickeningly familiar scenes were playing out in baghdad. security forces deploying water cannons and tear gas. and then once more firing live rounds into the crowd there i'm to push demonstrators back away from government ministries in the cities fortify. green zone. have against what they're using a pip see in bandages we'd like to thank the volunteers who are getting this protective vests helmets and gloves we just need to keep protesting a bit. and it seems demonstrators are determined to stay on the streets no matter whether the government responds to them with a carrot or a clenched fist. heavy clashes continued into the night in baghdad more blood spilt in the country this a little pace for decades. and recent human rights watch report is shining

a light on atrocities committed in afghanistan by paramilitary forces the cia backed afghan group has killed civilians and night raids kidnapped people and bombed villages now these documented incidents took place in mostly taliban controlled areas of afghanistan and of increased significantly over the past 2 years as the u.s. has ramped up its efforts to exit the 18 year war there human rights watch says what's happening are war crimes the cia has responded and says its operations are done quote in accordance with law and under a robust system of oversight but for afghan civilians this rationale offers little the way of justice for the loved ones killed as collateral damage. on afghan villagers burying their dead farm workers harvesting pine nuts were among the victims caught up in the u.s. drone strike in september targeting so-called islamic state militants in the east

of the country. rights monitors deplored the mounting civilian casualties even as the warring parties step up efforts to reach a peace deal there seems to be movement toward some kind of a settlement and a possible u.s. troop withdrawal so both sides are ramping up their military activities trying to cause many casualties is causing much damage to the other side is possible but the problem is that civilians are really the ones most affected human rights watch says and noticed a disturbing trend after talking to locals. one of the people who came to me after we'd interviewed about a dozen people described a very different kind of atrocity and it was the 1st time i was aware that these kind of night raids had become so frequent and that the people affected had really no avenue for redress no one to turn to over the past 2 years the group says it has documented more than a dozen cases of serious abuses by afghan paramilitary squads operating in secret

with cia backing the alleged crimes including indiscriminate air raids extrajudicial killings and disappearances the problem with these particular militia groups these paramilitaries is they operate outside normal chains of command within the ordinary afghan government forces or the u.s. forces and so they're not held accountable and that lack of transparency mean civilians cannot go to someone and find out what happened get any kind of justice for the crimes committed human rights watch says the secret units should be disbanded the cia disputes the findings saying the claims are quote likely false or exaggerated. for decades scientists have been predicting we would soon win the war on cancer but progress has been stubbornly slow because of a cat's because a cancer diagnosis often comes too late when the tumour is already well advanced so

at a major conference on the topic and glasgow in scotland early detection is at the top of the agenda. breast cancer is often diagnosed through mammography but mammograms are often far from conclusive experts have hotly debated whether large scale screening with the high tech method is the best way to detect the disease and it's early most treatable stages in the race to improve early prediction oncologists have been looking for biomarkers and blood that indicate the likelihood of developing a wide range of cancers before they break out earlier this year a team in the german city of hyderabad presented what it called the 1st marketable blood test for breast cancer. in the end it's about liquid biopsy was biopsied means we are determining a diagnosis via body fluids it may lead blood. boot we now have a blood test that enables us to find out whether there is an indication for

a little lift. or the opposite did he see that there's no indication of ilya's so fine. now in glasgow new methods in the field were showcased that push the boundaries even further one of them as a blood test that might one day predict breast cancer up to 5 years before patients begin to show clinical signs another serving 50000 patients looked at predicting possible risk in ovarian cancer and the earlier the diagnosis the better the chance patients can be healed. i let's get more now and for that the author of that report science expert derek williams joins me in studio derrick i mean it's been hoped for a long time that simple effective blood tests would be available one day i mean why is it taken so long well it's to a certain extent you have to understand that cancer is not cancer is not cancer every single cancer every tumor is unique even if for example in the case of breast cancer even if the the tumor arises from the same tissue in 2 different women it

will eventually develop and mutate and turn into 2 very different diseases that will elevate biomarkers within the blood in different ways and so what's going to i think in the long term the most effective with these with this kind of blood testing looking at biomarkers to protect to predict cancer farther down the road is batteries of biomarker so if you're looking at 101220 of them at this at the same time and then you're going to have it have a long term average and in a study that's coming out later today in this conference in glasgow for example when they were looking at a biomarker that's now used for ovarian cancer over $50000.00 women they discovered that it was actually only accurate for about 10 percent of them so it only accurately predicted ovarian cancer around 10 percent that doesn't seem like much but that's actually quite good for a single biomarker i mean 10 percent doesn't sound entirely accurate but but there are still benefits there right now there are big they're big benefits the biggest

benefit of course is obviously is it being predictive so you what the problem is is that now when we're using imaging techniques like for example mammograms then at that point by the time you're actually able to find the tumor it's actually grown to the extent that it's much more difficult to treat so we're talking about a pretty a blood test to be predictive it could predict that before you even see anything you can see anything you know there's there's another study that's come out of this out of this conference that's that is able says it's able to come up with a test that is able to predict breast cancer up to 5 years in advance of 5. before you can actually see the imaging that's one thing the other thing is actually that it's also fairly simple and it's effective so it could be used in developing countries for example in places where you're trying to weed people out because you don't have access to high tech like my model if it can be expensive as well right these blood tests when do we think we might be able to walk into our doctor's office and get one when that in the next 10 to 20 years i would guess is they're going to become much more standard along the way these these powerful diagnostic

tools then will be coupled together with powerful new technologies for actually treating cancer so that we might actually within our lifetimes come to a point where we are able to overcome that great dream of actually beating cancer it's not that far away and these diagnostic tests are going to be playing a big role in in reaching that goal although early detection there billions from the science thank you this is news and these are our top stories police in the chilean capital santiago have used tear gas and water cannons against protesters rallying over education health services and growing economic inequality monday's demonstration marks the beginning of a 3rd week of mass protests. in baghdad at least 5 people were killed when security forces opened fire on demonstrators dozens were wounded more than $250.00 people have died since anti-government protests erupted last month.

turkey says it has captured the sister of the dead islamic state leader. was caught in a syrian town near the turkish border her brother died last month during an american special forces raid on his compound. germany has begun a week of events to mark the 30th anniversary of the fall of the earth in walnut alexanderplatz eastern berlin a light show called the huge totem ocracy demonstration of the place 5 days before the wall was opened. this is the news from berlin for more follow us on twitter at g.w. news or visit our website that's d w dot com. no forget you can always get news on the go just download our app from google player from the app store and that will give you access to all the latest news from around the world as well as push notifications for any breaking news you

can also use that app to send us your photos and your video. watching the news live from berlin coming up next business with monica jones and don't forget all the latest news information around the clock available on our website www dot com i'm com aspen thanks washington.

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