all of the berlin wall and a brief identity crisis the collapse of the iron curtain left the world's mightiest military alliance asking are we still needed existential angst replacing the serbian threat it was the end of history except it wasn't tonight russia versus the west division over unity in 2019 when did we forget those lessons of 1989 i'm bring golf in berlin this is the day. that much of a title when you ready an eyewitness to such an event and it's something very moving like that i make you realize that everything can be changed. and i found that i was everything that was set in stone just falls this is something that keeps happening in the history of humanity but here. that everything that came

after it could not contact with this day. also coming up at protestors in iraq are demanding a functioning government that works for everyone instead of a system that cheats as many as possible the response so far has been brutal and at the united nations see they use knife bullets we human beings protesting into minding our rights look at what they did to my leg and my hand they started shooting live ammunition at us. on to our viewers on p.b.s. in the united states and all around the world welcome we begin the day with the bridges that were supposed to replace the walls when the berlin wall crumbled 30 years ago the peaceful revolution that followed. gave much of the world

a reason to hope for a different future the reunification of germany the expansion of the european union and even the enlargement of nato these were significant events that looked like progress but progress for whom not for the post soviet wild west russia of the 1990 s. that diminished great power that would eventually demand respect again with vladimir putin in charge tonight one of the authors a journalist who reported on that time he wrote the rough draft of post wall history or join me to talk about the lessons of 1989 that we thought we learned but maybe we did but 1st how did we get here let's remind you of exactly what happened 30 years ago when the berlin wall fell on the night of november 9th 1989 east germany's communist regime reopened the border for the 1st time in 30 years east germans could safely cross to the west now it turned the hated and deadly

border wall into simply a wall this week as berlin remembers the people who died trying to escape the city is also celebrating the freedoms that followed for everyone. and our very own david leavitt's he is out in the balance in berlin among the festivities this week good evening to you david i can tell behind you you must be at the east side gallery tonight. that's right and it's been turned into a kind of a screening show this is not just a new movie it's a movie about the history of the berlin wall and what better place to see it then on a piece of the wall itself the east side gallery is the biggest and one of the only remaining parts of the berlin wall that are still standing and no where i'm

standing today is not has not always been a place to watch movies if i had been here 30 years ago i could have been shot dead by east german border guards just for being here now they would have been maybe in the towers as part of the wall complex or they could have been on patrol boats in the river behind me and where i am in this part of berlin the wall itself is not the border the border itself is in the middle of the river but there which you can see marked by these lit up blue poles and right here about 10 people died trying to cross from communist east berlin into what was known as free west berlin now if you look at the figures across east germany during the time of the berlin wall the number of people who tried to escape east germany and died during their attempt is over a 1000 some say it's around 1200 and most of those who died trying to escape were young men between the age of 18 and 25 now it's no wonder if you look at those

figures that in 1989 when the border opened people came down to the berlin wall with picks with hammers to take it down and there was there was a huge movement to take down the berlin wall and really the only reason that this stretch of the berlin wall 1300 meter stretch of it survived is down to the efforts of around $100.00 artists. the east time calorie was started in february $990.00. artists were invited to paint an original portion of the berlin wall back then the initiative was designed to help east german artists who had suddenly been left without an income but in those exciting days of the former communist state opening up artists came from all over the world. when berlin was divided it was common for people on the western side to draw graffiti on the wall

but on the eastern side people approached at their peril the wall became more and more fortified with heavily armed guards tripwires searchlights and lookout towers border guards were ordered to shoot to kill anyone who tried to escape and more than 100 people were killed trying to cross the border in berlin alone just a few months after those instruments of oppression were dismantled the east side gallery turned the symbol of terror into a canvas for free expression some of the artworks have become famous around the world because the gallery is exposed to the weather the images of her to be restored or even repainted several times today the east side gallery is a popular tourist destination. omarion david leavitt's he's there at the east side gallery david i remember being exactly where you are about 25 years ago as

a reporter talking about berlin 5 years after the fall of the wall and now we've got 30 years after the fall of the wall talk to me a little bit about what it's like there now other than the fact that it's raining and people are trying not to get wet. oh you did notice that yeah it is raining pretty heavily but what i can tell you is despite that i'm seeing a lot of people here stopping with their umbrellas with their rain coats with their bikes and they are fascinated by the film that is playing behind me this is a film that takes you from the early days of the berlin wall from its construction what you're seeing now. all the way through to the popular movements of way to the peaceful revolution the end of the east german regime and what came out of the. east side gallery the berlin wall this stretch of the berlin wall that had been a symbol of division turning into a symbol of of unity and of berlin as an open and cosmopolitan city that it

is today and even though it's dark and it's raining and people are running for shelter i really feel that you can you can feel history here even now 30 years later yeah i think it's a very good point it's impossible to escape it even if you are getting drenched our very own david love itself there braving the elements at eastside gallery david thank you. well tonight i'm joined here at the big table by a man who needs no introduction quentin peel spent much of his career as a journalist reporting on the east west conflict during and after the berlin wall he's now a fellow at the much review chatham house think tank in london when it's good to have you on the day where were you that 1st week of november 1909 and what were you planning to report. on i was sitting in moscow as i had been for a couple of years at that stage reporting in the extraordinary revolution that was happening in the soviet union and the effects of course that it was happening right

across the world so packed in the old communist countries and of course east germany was just about the last to topple if you like and. it was something we do been waiting for but didn't quite believe it was going to happen and then it was so all this that there was this tension tension between go bitch of and somebody like eric connick you know they were so different as characters and there was go but you of actually dismantling the system whether on purpose or by mistake and hunnicutt desperately trying to preserve the order that he had in east germany did you did you since quitting in 1909990 that there was this rare opportunity emerging for maybe a new and better world order to be constructed without any doubt i mean it was an extraordinary exciting time to be alive and to be reporting as

a journalist of course my russian friends didn't see it like that they were pretty miserable ever there was no no much food in the shops and so on but as a journalist we were reporting what was very learned julie a peaceful revolution yes there was some there were deaths in georgia and they both republics but nonetheless overwhelmingly here was a completely rotten old system actually and you can see it was a rotten system the moment you arrived in moscow it was falling apart and that happened much more quickly than we expected because the peoples of the empire if you like rose up and then finally the russians themselves rose up and supported yeltsin and tossed off their own impasse. i found an interview today the transcript of an interview you conducted with mikhail gorbachev the last soviet leader the interview was from 2006 and in that interview he told you and i'm quoting here you

the west should not impose your vision of what we should do in russia we are not stupid democracy cannot be programmed there was euphoria towards cooperation with america in russia now there is wild anti-americanism and that was 2006 this week mr gorbachev was asked by the b.b.c. if russia and the west are still engaged in the cold war take a listen to how he responded. but surely but still a war. in different places. and yet there is shooting it have crafted and he would do that and everywhere glued this is not the kind of situation we want on the continent of the. was foreshadowing in 2006 what he was describing today in 2019 i mean it seems that he was a minority at the time why do you think that was the case. i think that he could

see clearly the tensions that were rising and they had been up over things like the iraq war and russia was on the other side but he could also see i think the root of nationalism in russia with which he would be quite uncomfortable he's been very careful over the years not to be too critical of vladimir putin as having said which he is critical of him because he doesn't recognize a real democrat but he's really quite right in saying that nor could we the west export our democracy you know as a ready made model to them after all they've been through 70 years of communism as we've also seen in the form of the idea in east germany also in the former soviet air is that it actually has affected people very deeply and i think there's a suspicion of if you like

a multi-party system that still exists and there's also a suspicion that somehow the west went away they didn't help russia and all its bits to really stabilize they basically said it's over it's finished now so it's yourselves do you think it you think that is the true story i've heard the former us secretary of state madeleine albright say that several times she met with yeltsin and all furred to change the whole nature of nato and to include russia in that to create a new security alliance and she said either he was drunk or he just refused to believe that she was soon. see here but she said the offer was made do you think that that gets reported the way it should be i mean that it was quite there was quite an offer from the united states i think i mean the story in russia is

different perception is clearly different and one of the perceptions that i think we underestimated was the degree to which nato was seen as the enemy it was seen as the hostile and t. soviet and therefore by extension and the russian alliance and i think that the offer to say well you can come into it just sounded to them as something they didn't want to really know but i think that we also made mistakes we didn't engage the ordinary well a middle ranking officers level we didn't really get through to people that actually we should be on the same side and if there's a lot of pride in russia which was deeply thing by this process and i suspect that in the excitement of say but it's freedom but it's liberation we use that word freedom very loosely and what the end of the cold war actually did with

the liberated a lot of quite bad things to pop out again owed ethnic rivalry in surprise it's never gone away in yugoslavia in many parts of the former soviet union people who had been if you like done by that ideological stance is of the cold war in this week's time magazine gorbachev has written the cover story and he says that the current leaders in the west as well as russia have felt as they forgotten the commandment of unity that we received in peace in 1989 is what he says would you say your home country britain gregson britain is the best example of that failure right now. yes. not sure that the reason for bret's it goes back to the cold war i think a lot of it is partly the economic crash that we suffered

20082010 that really hit people very high what about this image that we hear all the time coming from brits in 2 years about we have to free ourselves from the shackles of europe they don't see europe as being part of the solution part of the piece we've had many british conservative british politicians describing the european union as something akin to the soviet union as a source of. pressure that controlling pressure that we don't have to liberation but what actually i think is behind that is that i don't believe that that is a correct analysis but we are seeing a revival of this sense of nationalism and we've seen it in russia we've seen it in britain don't forget the both ends of europe east and west we have. that if you like collapsed very different that buzz the british was all over the world the russians once or around but nonetheless 90 the country has really come to

terms with that loss of empire and i think we're seeing that in the revival of this nationalism and then if you've got somebody like that he may have putin in russia who is a russian nationalist and also sats of course in dresden for 5 years watching the country come up and said deep inside him is a desire to maintain order and that sponsor is vision in britain we're seeing extraordinary disorder really i mean it's not riots in the streets but the undermining of very ancient institutions in this increasingly nationalist debate i fear could see the united kingdom split and we'd have an independent scotland a unified island and. we've been back to little england wow well unfortunately we're out of time but we appreciate you coming in tonight and sharing your insights and your experience valuable insights into what happened then and it helps us to understand how how it's happening now quick thank you thank you very much.

well there appears to be deescalation on the streets in chile authorities say the number of people taking part in street protests is falling after 2 weeks of huge demonstrations at least 18 people have died thousands have been injured since the protests began sparked by a price hike on metro tickets the mayor of santiago said yesterday that only a couple of $1000.00 protesters were still willing to demonstrate but according to our reporter nicole further in the chilean capital people are using other ways to express their anger. it's another day of protests in santiago but any ball isn't going he lives only a stone's throw away from plus the epicenter of the country's mass demonstrations but a couple of weeks ago he kicked off a different kind of mobilization

a neighborhood gathering known as. we didn't think anyone would. we were a bit pessimistic. but the turnout exceeded expectations. so we sat down and analyze what had happened and what we hope the chile of the 21st century who would look like. but. the meeting soon grew too big for the park so today the neighbors are meeting at a local hostel some 80 people from all walks of life. this type of forum is not a new invention in latin america the open could build dates back to colonial times as a communal gathering in response to emergencies or disasters and standing together in the face of adversity is still very much the essence of the could build are today. if we want a better future as much of a cliche as that might be we can just think about ourselves we can't fall back into

individual. we have to take care of each other this is bigger than ourselves for the builders are emerging all across these days but as grassroots assemblies they all have a common weakness in the big problem with the can build those is that they generate hope and lead people to think they are determining their own destiny but really they're only providing a platform for desires that can be taken into account it can also be ignored and that's a problem with it is. but at this could build you know in santiago nobody wants to believe that they're just dreaming up their own version of utopia broken up in small task forces they draft a road map for their future work in order to make any of this happen the neighbors will have to get the government to listen how they'll go about that will certainly be worth a discussion during the next. protesters

in iraq are accusing security forces of farming and wives people who were blocking a bridge in the country's capital demonstrations against the government started early last month since then more than $260.00 people have been killed thousands injured the military has called on people to stop blocking roads ports and oil refineries saying it is costing the country billions of dollars. gunfire ricochets around the streets of central baghdad. demonstrates is trying to take shelter as bullets rained down fired witnesses say by iraqi security forces. since tuesday anti-government protest is have been blocking a major bridge in the capital. police want them gone oh i think in the united nations see they use knife bullets we're human beings

protesting and demanding our rights how are you in there with those who fail got severely beaten look at what they did to my leg and my hand they started shooting live ammunition at us. pretense have also broken out in on the parts of iraq in balance right in the south of the country security forces broke up an anti government sit in demonstration. more than $250.00 iraqis have lost their lives since the unrest began at the beginning of up to the. the violence has been condemned by the international community. the secretary general says he is shocked by the death toll we have seen in recent days in iraq since the start of the demonstration but with neither side prepared to back down chaos has returned to the streets of iraq.

for campaigning in the u.k. general election next month has officially begun voters will like the new parliament on december 12th the outgoing parliament was formally dissolved this morning before prime minister boris johnson headed to buckingham palace to notify the queen opposition leader jeremy corben of the labor party begin his party's campaign with speeches in several constituencies britain's withdrawal from the european union breaks it is likely to dominate u.w. correspondence to auto parts is in london she says the tone of the campaign has already been set. day one of the campaign and it has already gotten nasty with name calling and accusations from all sides for the britches so this election is all about bricks it according to latest opinion polls 80 percent of voters say that this issue will make them decide how to costs and vote and they have

a clear choice johnson's conservatives want to get brakes a done with the brakes a deal that he negotiated and brussels the labor party demands a 2nd referendum but won't say whether they leave or remain one party to watch out for other liberal democrats they are the only party that have clearly stated that with them the united kingdom would stay in the european union the conservatives at the moment are ahead in the polls but with 5 weeks to go a lot can change til that election day it's already looking like a divisive campaign as british people gear up to once more have their say on bricks it at the ballot box. there was a lot of flights reporting from london where the day is almost done the conversation continues online you'll find us on twitter either at g.w. news or you can follow me at brant goff t.v. don't forget to use our hash tag the day will leave you now with more of the celebrations at the iconic east side gallery here in berlin as the city marks 30

years since the fall of the berlin wall and remember whatever happens between now and then tomorrow is another day we'll see you then everyone 'd.

repeated in the beginning continue battle. west and east germany 30 years after the fall of the. how competitive are the 2 economic regions what about salaries and of course the residents. what happens kunt everything changes. made in germany. the w. enter the conflict zone with tim sebastian is

hong kong's pro-democracy movement imagined it has be on qualified support of the international community it is better think again i guess this week here in berlin these joey see you a pro-democracy activist show me how movement is now charged to make a deal with the hong kong government before babs becomes impossible conflicts so far in 60 minutes on d w folks. come to. discover your concept discover with the pups. allegedly after 100 lives the ideals of the tom toms are more relevant today than they were a 100 years ago visionaries reshapes things to come and all about us people

understood design as a way of shaping society. with this. possible 3 part documentary starts nov 14th on d. w. . the berlin wall came down. 3 decades ago it happened suddenly for many people and triggered a lengthy process of social political and economic change parts of eastern germany is still trying to reinvent themselves and hold on to those young people who are eager to move away upheaval when everything changes that's our focus today.