oh people of the islamic revolution are our. opens up making its initial flirtation capitalism straight some states of emergency 6 or to. enjoy their 2nd discouragement in terms of the people in britain still under. 1917 are in. the creative today's steps december 23rd w. welcomes a global 3000 this week we meet a south african entrepreneur who's using sustainable bricks to make of construction waste to build sturdy home for the poor. many people in the town

a poor too but only in a material sense we visit the nation where happiness is the most important thing. first though we go to the antarctic and talk to the scientists who spend months based in the world's coldest region. right at the very south of our planet lies antarctica the continent of snow and ice. in 1911 the norwegian roald amundsen became the 1st person ever to reach the south pole the last region of earth that was still unexplored and uninhabited by humans. in 195912 nations signed the antarctic treaty pledging to use the beach and only for peaceful purposes and particularly for scientific research. today there are around 80 research stations in the antarctic used by 4000 scientists from all over the work. we wanted to know what it's like to spend months in the cold and ice

and so we headed back starting at the airport close to the russian polar research station as i've read sky. approaching antarctica from the air. on board this aircraft are scientists from 10 different countries. will be spending the polar summer doing their research here. this year the team from bella bruce is especially large. billow says so we're a big program for science earned so we will just cause more and. do a few zips and now we build and go a station. india has also sent a large team. members will be making their way to the countries to antarctic

research stations. to study is the. biggest together what we. are studying so it does not emerge off to so on a commission of all the depth of the would be i think that trend what is the condition of the ice about example that is eating up a glacier. nearly all of antarctica if covered in ice. leon need fans to lend coke i'm from russia he works at the noble last i read slayer station close to the airports. he's a veteran researcher like most of the russians here he started working in the polar regions during the soviet era. my wife. bit pregnant big and. my i look look my

daughter. she was 8 months she'll stay. having been observing the environment for many years the researchers have been able to monitor the changes taking place. no. change. one subject of interest involves lunar observations it's well known that the moon's gravity effects ocean tides but its effect on weather has not yet been well explained. the russian team cooperation with the says small adjusts of the german oil my research station. 700 kilometers away. a few visitors come here the noir maya station is after all in

a very remote location. you'll safina struck a man and eat his quad a study the earth's magnetic field and measure the strength of earthquakes they're not the only ones researchers from several other nations conduct similar work still the scientists say there's nowhere near enough exploration under way on antarctica . and talk to her is still a fundamentally unexplored continent that's why there are actually too few stations to collect data on the. marcos agrees he heads the noisy maya stations air chemistry observatory he's worried about the rise in the percentage of c o 2 in the antarctic atmosphere. he's also concerned that the untouched southern continent could fall victim to economic exploitation. bus pass yeah

it's hard to say what will happen and how things will develop especially if some areas become ice free and amazing raw materials or nursed. 4 years ago the antarctic treaty was agreed and extended but. i see that as a good sign that it will continue to go in this direction just as in does that we still why don't you. go back leads the research team. the work done here is purely scientific anything else would be forbidden in accordance with the antarctic treaty that the international community to in 1959. inspect their regular unannounced inspections to take place at the stations. so to this point there haven't been any conflicts. but considering world

history one can only hope that the intentions remain purely scientific. one big draw for researchers that is the emperor penguins. the scientists want to examine the animals breeding behavior in order to predict possible threats caused by climate change. international researchers share their results with each other. and. people always talk about the antarctic family all the conflicts that exist elsewhere in the world for by the way so it everyone helps each other and people try to get along at times under truly inhospitable conditions it's nice to see that in spite of all the bad news in the world it can really work with. successful collaboration on the most sparsely populated continent on earth.

while some research is a busy in the antarctic others focus their energy on happiness asking what people really need to live contented lives money lots of money but there are other important factors stable relationships good health educational qualifications and a job that matches one's skills happiness experts have long been interested in where the happiest people live the u.n. swirled happiness report sees norway and denmark rating high and finland topping the list for the 2nd year running. down meanwhile features further down but the small nation in the eastern himalayas has its own very special relationship with happiness. this is

a master class and never gave there's no autopilot no radar just pure flying skill if you've been bogged. it's in the belief it's a very narrow win. so you cannot have much more fluid make up in the valleys bending and it is turning and when doing its we see you have like you flat a little bit in the will you have left. the board actually to hear how the opening did. the pilot tells us that it takes time to learn to navigate the terrain the pilot's orientate themselves using buildings monasteries and the landscape in general a little luck never hurts when flying into baton every landing is different but these professionals know what they are doing. all of this is going at it. every year but not just that you should be.

done is different it's the only country in the world where welfare is measured not in terms of gross domestic product but by gross national happiness. anyone who wants to find out more about this should be ready to wear traditional dress. and that's how we got into the government quarter in the capital the former monastery in fortress is now government headquarters we were advised to bring a gift for our host a bottle of whiskey properly wrapped perhaps that's another path to happiness sound economics is also important for. all countries. in the us what we also see is we have to ensure that we are pushing through development ensure that it does that come at the close of play environment culture

and tradition if the policy cost less than that the policy is then back to the media. the happiness commission the think tank can blur of center of the government whatever takes place in these halls of bureaucracy is ended achieving one thing collective happiness according to the constitution at least 60 percent of be trans land must be forested be termed absorbs more carbon dioxide than it produces the only country in the world to do so. compared to other countries to turn is poor but well educated a pillar of happiness education is free and standards are high to outsiders the nation might look like an outdoor museum but on the inside it's

a society that protects and treasures its culture but is everyone in bhutan really happy for you as you go. you happy. if. we have. to do with. girls who sort of do you consider yourself you know. where much. of it. every few years the happiness commission i asks the public how happy they are the last poll indicated around 75 percent of. our indeed happy. today is one of them. the if we could have 2 rights harvests

a year but there's no need once enough we just don't need more we're happy with that. they allowed us and you know most. capitalists would despair here maximizing profit is a foreign concept so is stress indeed the country has its own rhythm when pre-date announces that dinner is ready. many come running 3 generations live under one roof of course people in many parts of the world see togetherness as being important but here it actually happens. why should we leave this place the house the fields our parents gave all of this to us will pass it on to our own children we have work we have food we're all happy.

her husband likes to chew on a rican not wrapped in a bacon leaf in his garden it's a mild stimulant which could also be a factor in happiness. the town is about the size of switzerland with around 800000 inhabitants tourism is sponsors that could be in an attempt to control influences from abroad but is that control a good thing in the long run smart phones are everywhere what previously was far away is now locals fingertips and the outside world can be tempting with all it has to offer. whether young people are happy and whether they will stay will decide the country's future. buddhism is still powerful but ists believe in the close relationship we have with the universe and astrology. to the modern that it's like math we calculate subtract multiply the stars tell us if

it will be a good day whether we should do things or leave well enough alone that's how we determine happiness on a scale of $1.00 to $10.00 i rate myself an age and that's only because there are some things that we all have to endure like illness and. so happiness does have its limits there's also no guidebook to follow on becoming happy not even here in the land of happiness in bhutan. helping others is another way to boost your happiness levels in this week's global ideas we meet a young entrepreneur from south africa doing exactly that his aim is to revolutionize the country's overstretched housing situation in the townships of johannesburg where he grew up poverty is a big problem coupled with an acute shortage of places for people to live.

i the township of soweto lies just south of johannesburg formerly a home to miners the region now has around 4000000 residents no one knows the exact number. most live in corrugated sheet metal shocks and that's just what young entrepreneur london wants to change he wants to have lots of brick houses built 50000 homes and needed in the johannesburg metropolitan area. so most of them prefer to live because it's cheaper to live there when you're ready . to move forward. so this creates an opportunity for us to actually create a world where the. order of

the. many south africans could never afford to buy a home of their own so they rent shacks in other people's backyards all crammed together side by side. is a self-taught brick layer while building it out building in the backyard of his parents' home he got an idea to replace corrugated metal shacks with brick houses his customers other people who own the land they pay for the building in monthly installments using the rent they receive from the tenants while the. tenants themselves get to live in a better home plus the whole thing is more environmentally friendly as the houses are made of special bricks so they're more like almost like they're walking so because. you. cut your burden caused by up to 30 percent. of your unsecured still live what you're trying to bring to the

river. you're going to the. group on this you. have to put a roof. plan lets you know who makes his bricks out of construction waste so he doesn't need to use sand that also means the bricks don't have to be fired in a kiln which saves on energy because the building blocks are interlocking the pressure of their own weight is sufficient to make the wall strong unstable it's an unusual way to build but it's less of a burden on the environment than traditional masonry. but. using. the metal. comes to him. as president to tell them that you only use them and. so having to have a pilot this is kind of like. people because they can touch and feel and it's no more convincing them to me even interested in the thing than of. this man

was also interested and happy to learn more so than the c.b.s. is among the 1st tenants to move into one of the brick houses the 35 year old comic on it has been living in a backyard for 6 years until recently in a metal shock but not anymore now he has a proper home he used to pay about $35.00 euros a month now he pays 40 he thinks it's worth it. actually. p.p. course if you're staying in the thing that will shake the. place to be a human being actually. you feel confident when everything next. building rubble is a major environmental problem in the impoverished districts of johannesburg many companies just dump their waste in the townships to avoid paying disposal fees nandu sumo c.b.i.

knows this all too well and every day dozens of trucks come to her neighborhood to illegally dump building waste for more prosperous areas this bothered her a lot until it inspired her to become an entrepreneur now she's founded a startup the process is waste. so because a lot of people do it ways to move a ways in their college but then we take responsibility with the waste and the we have visited roads the waste we composted we also send it distribute it to organization that make you service organizations flight landed to house building company. or to start ups plan to work together. to know who could use the plentiful building rubble for his environmentally friendly bricks. now the 2 are working on ways to crush the waste and transported to the

construction sites they hope to get started soon. though we are working out how we can actually need. and use the rubble as raw material for making bricks with. and then it can be actually more popular more and more besides and they actually help hire more people because then you need people who are going to make bricks and people are going to separate their waste and crush. more than 3000000 public. subsidized homes have been built in south africa in the past 25 years even so the government has failed to meet the need for a new housing plan little over says that many who came to johannesburg hoping for a better life are now living in worse housing than before they're exactly the people he wants to help and not just by building new homes for them he has many more ideas for the future. with. most of them over planning to actually.

live here. brood all sorts of so we can replace all the sharks. and also training them to prove their own houses. which one are moving to another one being that in the room of all that is the stuff of the future right now each building is a major financial risk for london and his start up he's only been able to complete 3 homes with environmentally friendly products so far 3 more are under construction but he's been inundated with requests for more 6. you'll find more inspiring stories on t.w. women our facebook page where you can learn about women determined to make a real difference and change the status quo d.w. women gives a voice to the women of our world. this

weekend global living rooms we visit a family in columbia. roy and have him by name hello welcome my name is lou's merry and this is my home please come in the back seat and if they need this is our living room and this is our motorbike. i think with that what you're standing here because we don't have a garage. you are a yeah i guess i will fall down in value then the motorbike is really important for our family because it's our main mode of transport. we also use it to transport

things to other villages. and we didn't look here are a few photos of momentos in the painting and our beloved virgin of guadalupe. and her figure stands in the living room because our lady is part of our belief. and that's very important to us we believe that she protects our home and helps to ensure that everything remains her money and. that. but i could thought that. they don't follow me. here is the area where we watch t.v. and relax yawn. eat anymore and here's the heart of our home the kitchen. valerian we drink it and tea form it's about to boil the herb spawns have a very calming effect we. got the name on that and this is our bedroom.

here. but let's go outside now. this is the most important and also the nicest part of our home because it's refreshing out here. we sit down here and chat. and eat here and we enjoy the fresh air and being surrounded by trees i mean. the out of order as. we hang out the washing here because this. last year for thanks for the listen i i hope you liked our home come again at any time you're always welcome what about javier that he put on with a brown thought i thought.

next week we head to a village in the state of chiapas in mexico where the knowledge about traditional methods of growing and preparing food is actually being lost now though that's about to change. that's all from us this week do send us your comments right to global 3000 i d w dot com check us out on facebook d w women by finale.

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frankfurt airport city managed by from bought. the book. this is the w. news live from by widespread a disappointment after the un's longest ever climate talks ended with a compromise deal 200 countries sat down to the negotiating table for 2 weeks of talks but just pushed back on tougher action to fight global warming also coming up beirut shrouded in tear gas the security forces crackdown on anti-government

protests a potent santa monica new independent head of government the former prime minister looks set red.