transcends trees and. other. documents about the revolutionary. guards and john. says a history. sounds like that don't go away stay with us for all time. start feb 7th. the world has this week been marking the 75th anniversary of the liberation of the stance campaign $945.00 survivors gave painful testimony of the horror they experienced during the whole coal scene nancy occupied poland it's a warning to today's world where in germany and elsewhere hatred and anti semitism are on the wrong question on to the point is remembering it could happen again.

very much indeed for joining me here on to the point where my guests in the studio are root for the representative here in germany of the young vashem holocaust remembrance center who says the only safeguard against the evils of auschwitz is for individuals of all backgrounds to remember the power of complicity also with us is albert steinberg a daughter of a video maker and producer with both brazilian and german roots he's done a lot of work exploring anti semitism and argues that yes it could happen again this huge concern he says about the rise of extremism anti-semitism and hatred and the world welcome to so much he has high overhead of educational services. that

the province broke a concentration camp the moral side too says quite plainly no the history will face the consequences. thank you all 3 for being with me here today on the show i'd like to begin with you rooted in recent days ceremonies speeches and gatherings very painful testimony from the survivors where have you all thoughts taken you in the last couple of days well absolutely it's been a very intense week with events happening. as well as all over the world i. spent a few days. at the ceremony at the 5th wild holocaust forum that took place for the 1st time in jerusalem over $45.00 world leaders presidents prime ministers heads of government kings attended and it was a very sobering event. there was a large contingency of survivors in the room. and it was

a huge demonstration of the. standing together against anti semitism and bringing all these people together is a testimony to how important this subject is today but it's very important for very many different reasons but one of them is that many of the survivors a large contingent you talked about. elderly people that they they view themselves as a finite group how important is that absolutely crucial the difference between reading a book and sitting opposite a person who's experienced these things themselves who has emerged from the darkest chapter of human history is in comparable we opened last week an exhibition of $75.00 portraits of survivors in s. and at the tech itself. the photographs a hung a level and when you look at these people in the face and see the marks of history

on their faces and read the short description of what they went through it's a totally different experience from as i said simply reading the books or watching a film show. you work at the former concentration camp in ravensbruck which is about sort of 90 kilometers i think north of where we are here in the german capital if i'm right lean formed it was a camp that was exclusively for women and i'd like you to tell us what work you do today what is the aim of the work you do at the camp today for us it's quite important to let people gain knowledge of what happens there so that they will be able to find links to the presence. for meets privilege that i have the chance and my colleagues from a team had a chance to meet a lot of survivors for it was a form of women's concentration we still have these vital 80 to 90 years

old ladies coming over some of them promise to themselves they would never ever would like to. to germany and the more that they came back and for me it's quite nice to see that we will have ours and it was a real deliberation and april and we're preparing a program where we hope that a lot of survivors will come again 2nd generation search generation so this is a place of encounters where the survivors and their stories have their places and it's a place where it's important to confront the german society and others with bystanders issues with the stories of the perpetrators when you talk about confronting german society your your mantra your your watch what we just heard it at the top of the show is you know the history or face the consequences to people in germany today know the history do they care i think

a lot of people know some people know and they don't care and there are some people who know a lot but they have different ideas about the the past they. see a lot of nazis know a lot about what happened and they find it ok what happened they come to you they come to your memorial center and they express these views and you are confronted with these views usually we are not confronted with that take some time to find out about nazi ideas among students for instance because usually the students know from the teachers what they're expected to show up with in the form of concentration so i can see the current political shifts we have in our society and that was the group. other schoenberger a lot of the work you have done in recent times has been focused on the holocaust on the scourge of anti-semitism why is it so important to you why i think exactly

what kind of a say about the looking at the present. and we have nowadays a rise of the extreme right in the rise of and to semitism and this is quite concerning and i think it was a minimum a crumb who in one of the festivities one of the celebrations said that it's not about only it's not a problem that's about the jewish community is about all of us because we lose the human value when we go through these things and that's the point and that's why we were looking at the events also in trying to put it like in the context of today of anti-semitism and you have and centers and growing not only in germany but you have also in brooklyn people being attacked in the streets in paris so we did a big documentary exactly getting all these angles that actually at the moment a worldwide problem to me a little bit more about the alternative for germany a very very good political party here in germany the far right populist party that is now the strongest opposition party in the german parliament they talk about and

i'm quoting it drawing a line under german history closing the chapter moving on they say we should not wallow in guilt as they put it what's your response to all that i think they go even further because that what they're doing is trying to tell a new narrative about it when they say that they could as the french and as the british they should be proud of their troops in the 2nd world war they're trying to tell another story and that's very dangerous for society and that's very dangerous as well because i think you always will have people that are a minority but there are extremes and there are neo nazis i mean in every society you have that the problems that when that goes mainstream where that goes to the parliament and that's what i think the biggest issue in the german society nowadays . route what is your response to the a of day. it's going to that party in some parts of germany. it's

a problem for us and sometimes when i read the sources from the late period of the republic i feel that there are some things in the strategies of the. other right wing organizations which really make me feel about the future because you can read it in the sources from the 920 s. 130 s. how people develop a strategy opening the room the space for bringing in semitic and other ideas and then you can see how this democracy a very young and weak democracy in the 19th twenty's thirty's failed and this should be the point forest to learn the steps right wing strategies go step by step to the direction which makes society.

i absolutely agree i think that looking at the origins of the holocaust is a key aspect that has to be has to be learnt has to be society needs to be aware of how discrimination and semitism all forms of xenophobia can have disastrous consequences and. this is has become a huge part of the work of yad vashem which was initially more focused on the holocaust and telling massing as much information what i call turning every stone finding information about every individual who was lost and now a lot more work is being done about anti-semitism trying to understand the origins of what happened and i think that our collective or. sponsibility of course is to. keep aware of these things and and and use the holocaust as a as

a narrative of how things can go terribly well in society before you talk about the roots of anti-semitism let's listen to what some of the survivors of auschwitz have been saying in recent days. my number is 73305. which i had to shout twice daily. counting. to show to a number then to pick up from the 100. i can't even think about it why. why a 9 year old girl who hadn't done anything who hadn't why did they murder her why. all. men are more and more i sometimes when i'm asleep i still dream about it and i scream even though i may be 6 years old now. and like snow

from the from the smoke from the chimneys and the spirit. from the crematorium and. we just had to. understand that this is what happens. routes have got to come back to you good. testimony there are so many questions so much bewilderment the nightmares of the of the survivors despite all that the person on the political now you as far as i understand it a year ago decided to become a german to apply for german citizenship and you have become a german some would ask how could you take that step and join this country join these people who have such a shameful past well. i feel actually very proud to be german i've always had an insurgency. yes i think it is and i think

germany has a lot to be proud of. i. first of all. it's very interesting for me as a jew to now be not have to also be german to have this part of my identity and to be dealing with the holocaust and these issues sort of from the other side or from within in a way and i feel myself as a sort of new immigrant to the country or a story called i'm a stakeholder exactly so i can sort of see it from both perspectives in a way. and i have to say that when i heard president speaking at yad vashem and also at the bundestag yesterday. i felt that my pride was well founded i felt that he spoke in a way that. reflected the kinds of values that i would want this country to espouse that is that i could relate to and it was done with dignity with solemnity and with

an whole hearted commitment to understanding the past and the commitment. to the survivors to us and to future generations that this is a subject that will remain a top priority despite all of what you are saying until semitism in germany is still on the rise this is the country of the holocaust this is the country of the testimony that we just heard how does that fit together. they're that good question but i believe that one of the key points here is the internet and the extreme right groups they control a big chunk of the internet at the moment and that's extremely dangerous so how we address the new generations how we tell the stories of these old survivors to the new generation because if you look at like this strategy internet and twitter is the new radio of the ninety's they can reach straight they don't need journalists like us they can go straight and speak their mind out and they go unpunished when

they when they spread and summit take ideas or racist ideas so that is one of the key issues that i think we are missing sometimes when we discuss this and you have like the rise of the extreme right in several countries internet is always key social media is always key. you have the rise of the far right here in germany you have the rise of anti-semitism at the same time the jewish community here in germany is getting is getting bigger angle americal talks of that as a sort of miracle is that how you see it i think there is one historical fact that most of the perpetrators never were put to trial so the german society for a long time managed to avoid any confrontation with the past and especially the nazis never were brought to trial. in a society where over generations there is a narrative that the nazis came into the country in 133 and they somehow.

way from the new 45 on this was a country without the former nazis this narrative was where was drawn up to the 1980s since then especially since the 19th ninety's we have strong. memore real sides a lot of memorial sides and west germany were the product of the fight of peace. the struggle of people fighting against the. sure of memory so we always have these. people trying to avoid confrontation we have who tried to bring. the resistance to the jews. but the struggle all over the years. is part of it it's easier to spread these messages but. it was always here.

that we are in a situation. of saying that it is constitutional for the german society that israel was there but jews getting afraid to live here in what kind of society are we living and this is what . acts. illustrating the extent to which members of the jewish community here in germany do feel ambivalent about the future . jewish communications designer valentino said has been calling home for 8 years he actually feels pretty comfortable living in germany. it's a very diverse community very pleasant here. this has become a jewish quarter again. but on october 9th this image is shattered. to the

synagogue and to mark the day of atonement a right wing terrorist attacks the synagogue after he fails to penetrate the door he shoots 2 people on the street. the attacker had announced his anti-semitic views on the internet using a helmet camera broadcast the attack on a streaming platform. is deeply shocked as a consequence. every day anti semitism he very rarely wears his kippah in public anymore. i try not to provoke people who probably didn't is there are situations where i don't need to be clearly identifiable as jewish. is germany habitable for jews. well that's the big overarching question but i root for the question i would like to ask is if it goes in the same direction as

how great is your sense in the sense perhaps in the jewish community that there was a before and after well obviously hello was a wake up call. no one imagined that interest of that scale could take place obviously jewish institutions schools synagogues protected. the fact that helen was so unprotected was a shock in its own right. i happened to be in my own synagogue at that time when the news came out of what happened in holland it's a huge shock it's particularly shocking that it happened in germany i mean we've we've seen a space of attacks all over the world you somehow think that in germany things are different it's shocking that it could do would it cause you much close to bystanders were killed because they happened to be in the vicinity but if they're if the government is going to enter the synagogue dozens of people could be massacred it could be much worse i agree and it's. it's an extremely frightening

development and that's why. i speak about germany and across the world we have to take and they have to take a much stronger stand legally against such situations i'd like to go back to the educationalist. you know around how much understanding perhaps you have for people who say i'm too young it's not my problem it's ancient history how much understanding do you have for people who say. you know i am from germany is a country of great diversity i am from a different community not from the mainline german community is not my problem i think if you just telling the story of confronting people in a way that they feel that you are. full of respect towards them it's easier for them to accept that it is needed knowledge if you don't have it under your eyes you have it in your neck and in the german situation you need to

know about the past and. be able to participate in the. discourse and i feel that some of the students complaining about it too much these are there is no little the least there is to know more they usually don't complain about too much there is resist among young people where they learn from the parents that it should not be termed sht but if you society as a vacation or system are willing to give the stories to the young people in the way that it is not to them then you can open doors if you want. all questions at once. in 2 and a half hours of wizarding the memorial side like this then you will close the doors

definitely yeah there's been a lot of talk about people saying one of the main solutions to dealing with anti-semitism is to get the young people to go to places like your commemoration site but they have to be prepared they have to have the right mindset they have to they have to be open to the experience before they arrive otherwise it will possibly backfire or we can create a miracle with them 2 and a half hours we can change a person good liberal democrat this time by confronting them and some keep their wonders to develop empathy on the students but very often the students feel that they are. dealt with an embassy at school so it's too much from the memorial side to start with gaining or developing this proceed if they are not used to it at school how about you said at the top of the show you were quite

forthright you said yes it can happen again that is after all a question of remembering i was sure it's kind of be repeated why do you think so strongly that it can't happen again well if you look at history and you see how democracy can sometimes can swing to the right to the left and and that's why when when a parted from the extreme right like i have to go mainstream you can have you have already some people from the right party of of germany discussing possible alliances with the for example so this is the sort of thought that's extremely dangerous because then you can have a party inside the parliament that you wouldn't have an idea what they could go through and what what kind of journey could take us through. brute could it happen again i believe not but you believe not i believe not but we're talking about germany now that you were very you were praising for example if they come to terms wrestle. with history well i believe it's our collective responsibility to fight

against it i. mortified to his survivors saying that they believe it can't happen again people who experience human survival sort of. yeah. it must rank on our resolve to do everything we can to fight against under semitism and xenophobia in all forms and this is not the response part of the jewish community it is not it is a collective response to that every single citizen needs to have. kind of happen again in the. movie honey of her sister. where he says it's the wrong question how could it happen that we should ask why didn't the tappan more often and i think the risk of repetition is always there we are human beings they were human beings so. history doesn't repeat the same way but the wrists in man kind of the same and it was germans talking about this idea

of evil. since somehow in the human psyche it's not only evil it's human beings potentials and evil is part of its root the last word. well my last word is that education is the only way of fighting that evil. i agree the dedication but i think also like we need also to have stronger measures in terms of security of police and also tackling the issue of internet and to end up and have the ideas fred because of course you have the ideas already on the ground but they are spreading and they're growing and that's thing and educators on the live lives of unfortunately i'm fortunate they are going there thanks very much for joining us here on earth to the point today we've been talking about remembering auschwitz coming up in again i hope we've given you plenty of food for thought and if we have to come back next week on.

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